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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 12 3 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 t-:;sd-?f • -4 *..1 V'i i i -t [rrintt^d only for fha use of the Members of the Company residhnj in the United Kingdom.'] -■* ^' ■•*>'" "i' • ; 4 SIX YEARS' SUMMARY ♦-■* OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW ENGLAND COMPANY, FOR THE CIVILIZATION AND CONVERSION Of INDIANS, BLACKS, AND PAGANS . i.V THE DOMINION OF CANADA AND THE WEST INDIES. » * '^ : * .■» \ 1873-1878. V" * « * LONDON : • ft PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, 52, ST. .tOIIN'S SQUARE, EC. 1879. * » » • r-^/ NW {\ •wrTTVNtsvJN/ l» «•© OEC.^ w CONTENTS. Date of Foundation, &e Officers ..... Members ..... Missionaries, School Teachers, &c. . English Property Particulars of English Farms and Ground Eents Schedule of Fire Insurance Policies on English Property . Order of the Charity Commission as to the Sale of Consols to defray Cost of Improvements at Manston Court Farm in 1877-8 Canadian Property Schedule of Fire Insurance Policies on Canadian Property Introduction • • . • . English Transactions .... Proceedings in British North America i. Canadian Land Grants ii. Mohawk Church . iii. Mohawk Institution iv. Tuscarora Church V. Kanyenga Station vi. Cayuga Station . vii. Tuacarora Reserve Station viii. Tuscarora Reserve Day Schools . ix. Chemong and Rice Lakes Station X. British Columbia .... A 2 PAOK vii vii viii X xii xiv XV XVI xviii xxii 1 2 81 6 14 1(5 3.3 30 44 51 53 ()■) 72 G— ^.»t«ii3 Niw; IV xi. Buy of Quinte . xii. Walpole Island . xiii. Middlesex County xiv. Saskatehewan XV. Now Brunswick . A\'est Indies — Jamaica . Ari'KNDix 85 — Indian Act, 1876, as amended 1879 Extracts from the Annual Eeports of the Department of the Interior, Canada 124- 1. Visiting Superintendent's Keport for the Tear 1877-8 on the Indians of the Grand liiver . 2. Visiting Superintendent's Eeports for the Years 1873-G on the Indians of Chemong . and Rice Lakes, and the Bay of Quinte 3. Visiting Superintendent's Report for the Tear 1877-8 on the Indians of the Central Super- intendency ...... 4. Census Returns and Industrial and Educational Statistics of the Indians of Grand River, Chemong and Rice Lakes, Bay of Quinte, and Walpole Island, for the Year 1875 5. Statement of the Condition of the Indian Schools on the Grand River, at Chemong and Rice Lakes, and at the Bay of Quinte for the Year 1877-8 Mohawk Institution 13G 1. Regulations 2. Superintendent's Annual Reports for theYears 187o-o ....... School Board of the Six Nations Indian Reserve 103 1. Letter from a Canadian Sub-Committee of the Company to the Visiting Superintendent of the Six Nations Indians 2. Constitution 3. Extracts from ^linutes . PATrH 71 70 79 81 82 83 173 85 -135 124 127 130 132 Indk.^ 4. Regulations . 134 -1G2 136 139 -173 163 166 168 169 175 I LIST OF PLANS. Plan of the Company's Estate in tlie Township of r.iOK Brantford . • • . • • . 1 Plan of the Delaware Mission School Lot in the Countv of Haldimand q Plan of the Mohawk Institution, Brantford . . . IG Plan of the Indian Reserve (Grand River) in the Counties of Brant and Haldimand 5q .JbiW. >5 VM NEW ENGLAND COMPANY. -, , Dated lU)uiidc(l by an Act of the Lon^r Parliament 27th July IGtU Incorporated by Charter, 14 Chas. II. • . . 7th Feb. 1001-2 Kcgulated by three Decrees in Chancery. 1. As to Charter Funda 20th July, 1830. 2. „ the Hon. Kobert Boyle's Funds 2:3rd April, 1792. 3. „ Dr. Daniel AVilliams' Funds . 8th Ann-. 1808. OEEICEES, 1879. GovERNon. Elected. Meyer, James 30th Jan. 1868. Treasurer. Heywood, James, M.A., F.li.S 18th March. 1SG7. Auditors. Appointed. JJROWELL, Edward MAsn 1 SI h March, IS07 Lister, Isaac Solly 2.5th Jan. 1870. Ford, John Walker llth Dec. 1870. Clerk. Venning. Walter Charles loth Jan. 1859. Accofntant and Assistant Clerk. Vknnino, Wm. Marshall, B.C.L., M.A. . 4th AuguHt, 1877. Land Agents. Allen, Robert, Kent Estates. . . . I7th June, ISOI. Solly, John. Essex do. ... 2nd Oct.,' 1875*. r JbA^ vm LIST OF MEMBERS, Corrected to l»l September, 187'J. Nanio. Aiii^wortli, Duvul . . . . ' Asliliiirst, lIiMirj- George . . . liotsforil, Hon. Amoa Edwiu Bowles, Henry Carringtcv Bowles Browell, I'-iUviird Maali . . . ]hirv, Visioiii.t, RC, K.C.M.G. Busk, Ilonry William . . . . Busk, i'hoiims Teshuiaker, M.A. Cliesley, Solomon Youmans . . Curtis, Thomas Esdailc, Edward .... Ford, Edward Ford, Jolni Wolkor . . . . Fowler, Robort ^'iehola!', Aid. . Fuller, Benjamin Fuller, Joliu Stmtton . . - . ITarman, John lloywood, James, M.A., F.R.S. Hurrell, ijwann Lawrence, William, Aid. . . . Lawrence, Sir James Clarke, Bart., M.P., Aid Le Breton, Francis Lister, Isaac Solly . Lister, Henry John Margrave, Thomas Meyer, Jaiiies Milner-Gibson, lit. lion. Thos. Noel, IIou. Henry Lewis . . , Paget, John Preston, Staunton William Scott, Bussell, Jan. . . Solly, William Hammond Solly, Arthur Isaac . . . Address. Wniv Castle, Amblesido •J, Fencluirch fetreet, E.C. New Sackvilk, Westmoreland, Brunswick, Canada .... Myddclton House, Wahhan CroHH, Uorls Feltham, Middlesex .... 65 Prinecs Gate, S.W 4, New Square, Lincoln's Inn, W.C. Ford's Grove, Winchmoro Hill, N. Stewart Street, Ottawa, Canada . . The Hall, Berkliampstead . . . Ockley, Dorking , Old Park, Enfield, N 8, Walbrook, E.C 50, Cornhill, E.C Hyde House, Chesham, Bucks . . Germans, Chesham, Bucks . . , 73, Lombard Street, E.C 2<), Kensington Palace Gardens, W. Cambridge 75, Lancaster Gate, W. 75, Lancaster Gate, W. . . . 21, Sussex Place, Regent's Park, N.W 3, Laurence Pountney Hill, E.C. . 11, Eldon Road, Hamp8tiad,N.VV. Paris Forty Hall, Enfield, N 5, Hyde Park Place, W 17, Westbourno Terrace, W. . . 28, Boltons, Brompton, S.W. . . 7, Eldon Road, Hampatead, N.W. The Chestnuts, Branch Hill, Hampstead, N.W Serge Hill, Bedmont, Hemel Hempstead, Herts Conglcton Dutfl of Election. 251 h May, 1H7(5. 25111 May, 1870. 3rd July, 1872. 23rd Dec, 1808. 13tii June, 1801. Uith May, 1800. 30th July, 1830. 1st April, 1871. 3rd July, 1872. 13th May, 1857. 2l8t July, 1818. 11th May, 1855. 17th Jnn'e, 1870. 18th March, 1S07. 3Uth Oct., 1838. IGth May, 1860. 23rd Dec, 1808. 25th .lidv, 1851. 3rd July, 1872. 18th March, 1867. 17th Juno, 1870. !3th June, 186 . 18th March, 1807. 30th June, 1809. 30tli Oct., 1838. 21 St July, 1818. 30th Oct., 1838. 3rd July, 1872. 13th Aug., 1814. 7th March, 1878. 23rd Nov., 1876. 25th July, 1851. 3rd July, 1872. IZ Name. Address. Tulfourd, Froouie . . . Twellg, I'liilip, M.P., M.A. "Warren, John, LL.B., B.A. Wiinon, Tlios. Tickurd . Wliitelonl, William . . ■Wigruin, Robert Money. .3, Tlie Grove, St. Ann's Hill I Wundswortli, S.W .,5J-, Lombard Street, E.C . . 10, Allcrmanbury, E.C . . . , Manor Hoii-o, Ntreatliam, S.W . , 4, Khn Court, Temple, E.C . . . 31), Court field Gardens, S.W Date of Election. 3rd July, 1872. !5ti> Jan., l!S70. 18th Mareh, 1867. 23rd Kov., 187«;. . 3rd .July, 1872. . 3rd July, 1872. tsLS.^ MI8SI0NAETES, SCHOOL TEACHERS, INTER- PRETEES, AND CATECHISTS. lat September, 1879. 'I CANADA. PEOVINCE OF ONTARIO. I. Grand River Stations — Mohawk Chdrch. Missionary Ven. Abraham Nellos, Arch- deacon of Brant Mohawk Institution. . Mr. Robert Ashton . Mrs. Robert Ashton . Mr. William Butcher . Miss Jennie M. Fisher . Mrs. Fanny Cowle . Miss Charlotte Johnson (Indian) . Mrs. Sarah Mattingley . Mr. Samuel J. Truman . Mr. John Alexander TuscAEORA Reserve Station. Superintendent Matron . . Schoolmaster . Schoolmistress Assistant Matron Sewing Teacher Laundress . . Carpenter . . Farm Foreman Missionary (Kanyenga) Assistant Missionary (Cayuga) . . . Interpreter (Kanyenga) » » Reader and Catechist >i Rev. Isaac Barr Rev. Albert Anthony (Indian) Mr. Alexander G. Kmith „ Mr. George H. M. Johnson „ Mr. John S. Johnson » Interpreter and Catechist, (Cayuga) . . . Delaware Catechist . . Mr. Geo. Rokwaho Loft Mr. Henry Snake XI II. Chemong and Rice LaJces Station— Missionary Rev. Edward Riddell Roberts Interpreter Mr. James McCue (Indian) Schoolmaster Mr. Walter Kidd ^^atron Mrs. Walter Kidd PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. III. Vancouver Island and Lake Nicola — Missionary Rev. Robert James Roberts, B.A. I Lnw \9 I xu THE COMPANY'S ENGLISH PROPERTY, 31st December, 1878. I. Property subject to the Charter Trusts : — 1. (a.) Suffolk Place Farm, in the parish of Plumstead, Kent. (6.) Land Tax thereon redeemed by the Company in 1801. 2. Way Farm, in the parish of Minster, Isle of Thauet, Kent. 3. {a.) Mansion Court Farm, in the parishes of St. Law- rence and Minster, Isle of Thanet, Kent. (b.) Improvements thereon.* 4. Stanton's Farm, in the parishes of Black and White Notley, near Braintree, Essex. 5. Nipsell's Farm, in the parish of May land, Essex. 6. Six Freehold Warehouses, Nos. 67, 09, 79, 83, 85, and 87, on the south side of Southwark Street, London, subject, till Lady Day, 1946, to building leases, at ground rents of £50, £55, £162, £57, £66. 10s., and £105, respectively. Total £495. 10s. 7. William Penoyer's Rent-charge of £10 per annum on Asten's Farm, Pulham, Norfolk, payable by the Treasurer of Christ's Hospital, London. 8. £31,649. 4.9. 8d. Consols, in the corporate name of the Official Trustees of Charitable Funds. 9. £233. 12s. 11(^. Reduced Three per Cent. Annuities, in the corporate uame of the Company. 10. (a.) Set of Chambers, first lioor west. No. 1, Fur- uival's Inn, London, let to the Company by the late Sir Samuel Morton Peto, Bt., M.P., for the term of twenty-one years from the 25th Doc, 1805, at the yearly rent of £81. {h.) Office-furniture, fittings, books, etc. • See Charity Commissioners' Order of 2bth. Jan,, 1879, p. xvi. • -^ XTll laities, LVl. 5!: II. Property subject to the Trusts created by direction of the Court of Chancery to give effect to the chari- table intentions expressed in the Will of the Hon. llobort Boyle, the first Governor of the Company. 1. A Rent-charge of tOO per annum payable by the Treasurer of "The Society for Advancing the Christian Faith in the \V est India Islands." Mr. JolinB. Loc, of 2, Ih'oad Sanctuary, Westminster, is the present Treasurer. This Kent is charged on the i^lanor of Brafferton, near Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, and on other property of the Christian Faith Society. 2. i. 1',-jOO Reduced Three per Cent. Annuities, in the corporate name of the Company. This sum repre- sents the accumulations of tlie Rent Charge during the American War of Independence. III. Property subject to tlie Trusts affecting the Estate devised to the Company by the Rev. Dr. Daniel Williams : — 1. {a.) Beckingham Hall Farm, in the parish of ToUes- hunt Major, Essex. [h.) Wildfields Farm, in the parishes of Tolleshunt ]\Iajor and Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex. (f.) Land Tax on both these Farms, redeemed bv the Company in 1801. (d.) The Rectory of Tolleshunt Major and the Rec- torial Tithes of the Company's lands (387ac. Ir. 29p.), and of lands (75Gac. 2r. 37p.) belongiinr to othfir landowners in tliat parish, and purchased by the Company in 1810, free from Laud Tax. 2. (a.) Rettendon Place Farm, in the parish of Retten- don, near Rochford, Fssex. (h.) Phimmer's Wick and Mnggeridge's Farm, also in the parisli of Rettendon. 3. £7,275. 7.S-. 2(1. New Tliree per Cent. Annuities, in the corporate name of the Official Trustees of Charitable Funds. Further particulars of the farms and ground i-futs iu the above list are given (jn tlie next page. isi\^ XIV III I ( 2 'S.S « o a S s en O oo o m o o to bo s . o -s e c tc33 q 1^ ^a IB CO 00 <0 CD a tn - C F « B 03 ^ ^ s a o £ a 53 o o I" o _^ o ^ pa o e 3 60 g C m e («5 t-s M 00 O 00 X a 35 10 (M 1 ^e It aS 03 „ 1 *ri, 05 H^l S e 03 ^ ^ W eq CO ^ r Dj b W 12; M ^ H • 0-- S M iH ^ o 1 o ^ 1 ^ s 1 I ^ o i 3 1 ( '1 ! 1 i 1 3 ■a a c a •9 O fn O CO OO oo o o »0 rH * o o o o oo lO o 8 2S ?0 CO o o o \n o o CD ^ « o « ++ to CS a 00 r-l (M --I O «« C3 00 05 rH © 00 05 O CO »o IN CO (M (M (M O *! •^ N t>-, c SI o <^ 00 O M CO •-I 05 O t-l MO CO O) Tf O •*"" oo" CO (N CO »-• >o CO cc CO o O Oh O u S3 in 'I* Xi QC 00 I 00 . 00 I— ( Ph si do 2 S^2 Sr-I St-- TS S C -^ — ' 1) 1^ e «5 C 00 -a S o = S en 1-^ t m to n -1 r T3 o '5 c x> o 4-i It 0) Ph'^-E ® C S 'rj c 2 a O I 00 00 u CS 05 00 a, m 05 O o 8 CO In. 35 lO lO s 3 c3 • O. o o^ «rt c o 00 X -f 00 « _4 o Li .O s 5 u a, h3 XV e 1-9 I QO I CO W -S o o M «-" , , OJ 773 X •^> l-< u s a> c 00 05 r =- (N 0.0 o tn v< srt c o m Vi m O »'d g h5 a «o -1 eo IM c: iH ^ d t>. *- 35 Ift CJ I. t CJ C o . I-H I— 1 wjp. o O m QO ^ s ^- t;^ l-H t-+-t 00 a o d e 03 H O Ci Q 1^ rr ^ I— 1 ^ <*< q P=^ -«1 ^ ^. HH c |H >r, Oh 1— 1 o t— 1 C O o hH HH H w o C 1^- H -ii r^: M 5s 1-) 1— 1 V3 O ^^i S5 1— 1 c Ph t>H H &H « o w P4 o w « H-J Ph u p ^ r a! H 2 '5 r3 at en C ^;5 o tn g 7 X 5 S 3D - ^ -> ^ ^ •J s ^ . 3 <*< . X I-H 1— 1 00 U 1— 1 o 2 2 .. - .. •» . , , 1^ >~ _ 1—1 I" to I— I i( '- I I C en C3 to es o 5^ i^ tn - .- tc C3 O 73 o s to 0-2 w -4^ 1 o o c< o t: q. en to «" S T S « o w a c tC w- ' O C t, s 5 n a ei m o t/3 c 71 I fa S ^e3 fa r. CS 4) e3 71 ;; o ■M '. o ;q f? 2 y « *^ - c ^•3 « M-i H ►^ C c; « tc es o « C 73 en _5 ^ '— i-H — '>f ?F o ^^ -f Tf ire »o c: O X ^ CS T» c ec -f cc ■j^ so CC ^ ^; ^ ^ ?» ^ 7^ «;: y. o I-I ire t-l i^ It I— I o I— 1 o 1—1 I— 1 ,-; ^-« eS r ^ i r ^ : r : « fa c L ki\ l I II XVI ^[ANSTON COURT FARM. ORDER OP THE CHARITY COMMISSION AS TO THE SALE OP CONSOLS TO RAISE £130 EXPENDED ON IMPROVEMENTS AT MANSTON COURT FARM, IN 1877-8. In tlio Matter of tho Charity called " Tlie Company for the Propagation of the Gospel in New England, and the parts adjacent in Americn," commonly known as " The NEW ENGLAND COMPANY " ; and In the Matter of " The Charitable Trusts Acts, 1S53 to 18G0." "Whereas the above-mentioned Company have throut»h their Treasurer, James Heywood, of 2G, Kensington Palace Gardens, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, made application to Tho Board of (Charity Commissioners for England and Wales, representing that the said Company had recently expended the sum of 150/. out of the income of the said Charity in the erection and alteration of certain buildings and in other improvements upon an estate belonging to the said Company, called Manston Court Farm, situate in the Parish of St. Lawrence, near Eamsgate, in the County of Kent ; and that, in consideration of such outlay and improvements, the lessee of the said Farm had covenanted to pay an additional rent of 1S7. over and above the rent of 340^. per annum reserved by his existing lease expiring 11th October 1891 : Now the said Board having considered and inquired into the premises : Do hereby Authorise and Confirm the said expenditure, and do hereby Advise the said Company that they may recoup tho said payment of 450Z. taken out of the income, by the sale (to be effected under the further Order of the said Board) of a sufficient portion of the sum of 31,6i9Z. 4*. Be?. Consolidated 3/. per Cent. Annuities standing in the books of the Governor and Company of the Bank of England, in the name of " The Ofllrial Trustees of Charitable Funds," to the credit of " The Charter Trust " : 7 r 1 T^ XVll LE OP NTS AT for tlio iiul the 3 " The LS53 to l]i their rardens, to The Wales, ided the ei'ection )vements Manston ce, near ration of arm had bove the expiring into the v^. 7 Provided always, and the said Board do Order and Direct, That the amount of Consolidated 3/. per Cent. Annuities so to be sold ."-< aforesaid f] ill be replaced out of the income of the said Charity within the period of IG years from the date hereof : And that fur that purpose the said Offi'^ial Trustees shall forthwith transfer to a separate account, to be entitled, the " Investment Account," the sum of 750/. Consolidated 3/. per Cent. Annuities, part of the sum of 31,619/. i,s. 8d. like Stock now held by them iti trust for the said Charity : And that the said Official Trustees shall from time to time, as the same shall accrue, invest the dividends upon the said sum of 750/. Consolidated 3/. per Cent. Annuities at compound interest, in the purchase, in their name, of like Stock in trust for the said Charity, to the credit of the same account, until the amount of the said Stock so to be sold as aforesaid shall have been fully replaced : And that, subject to the foregoing direction, the dividends shall be paid or remitted by the said Official Trustees unto the said Company or unto the person or persons who shall for the time being be authorised by the said Company to receive the same, upon their or his receipt, and that the same shall be applied by them to the purposes of the said Company. Sealed by Order of the Board this 28th day of January 1879. (L.S.) HENRY M. VANP], Secretari/. ture, and coup the sale (to ard) of a idated 3/. ?rnor and le Offit'ial (liiirter B ii ■: -^ i ' •i .1 XVI 11 THE COMPANY'S CANADIAN PROPKUTV,* 31st December, 1878. GRAND RIVER STATION, Brant County. 1. Mohawk Mission School Lot of 10 acres,f freehold, in the Township of Brantford, held under a grant from the Crown, dated 13th Feb., 183G (registered 8th July, KSBO), and comprising all the Mohawk Institution buildings, and some of the Manual Labour Farm buildings. 2. Manual Labour Farm of 200 acres, f in the Township of Brantford, held under a licence of occupation from the Crown, dated 7th April, 1859, so long as the Company maintains a Manual Labour School for the use of the Six Nations Indians, and comprising a portion of the Farm buildings, and a cottage, built in 1877, near the Mohawk Church. 3. Babcock's Lot of 32-95 acres,t freehold, in the Town- ship of Brantford, adjoining the Manual Labour Farm and Mohawk Parsonage Lot, purchased in 18G4 of Mr. Babcock's representatives, for $42.25 per acre, and con- veyed by a registered deed, dated the 12th July, 1864, to Mr., now Archdeacon Nelles, in trust for the Company. It includes a cottage, built in 1877, and the carpenter's work- shop attached to the Mohawk Institution. 4. 6*164 acres,t adjoining the north side of Babcock's Lot, purchased in 1876, for $74, and conveyed to the Company, in fee, by a grant from the Crown, dated 29th April, 1876, and registered on the 19th May following. 5. Mohawk Parsonage Lot of 220 acres,t in the Town- ship of Brantford, held under a grant from the Crown, dated • See also History and Report, 1871, pp. 66—00. f Sec Map, J). 1. I XIX m tlio I83G), s, aiul ^hip of m tlio inpany of the B Farm [ohawk Town- Farm of Mr. ad con- 804, to ny. It work- 's Lot, )inpany, il, 1870, Town- '^n, dated I lOtli March, 1815 (registered 2ntl April, 1845), iu trust for the use of the resident Missionary of the Church of England *'' doing duty .miong the Indii'ns settled upon the (inind liiver, and to his successors iu the Mission for ever, as a site fur his and their residence ;" with power to the Company to appoint new trustees. The present trustees are James !Meyer, Governor of the Company, Thomas Teshraaker IJnsk, also a member of the Company, Abraham Nelles, Archdeacon of Jirant, Isaac liarr, one of the Company's ^lissionaries on the Tuscarora Reserve, and Robert Ashton, Superintendent of the Mohawk Institution. With the exception of Archdeacon Nelles, who was one of the original trustees named in the grant, all the above-named trusten were appointed under a deed, dated the 10th December, 1878, and registered on the 8th February, 1870. These 220 acres of glebe land comprise the Mohawk Parsonage, with a cottage and farm buildings, and a brick field of about 16 acres, leased from year to year to Mr. William Workman. G. Tuscarora Mission and Parsonairo Lots of SI acres, and the Tuscarora Churchyard of 1a. Oit. 30r'., all in the Township of Onondaga, held under a grant from the Crown, dated 1st August, 1843 (registered 0th August, 1843), " upon trust for promoting the pious objects of the New England Company among the Six Nations of Indiana residing on the Grand River, in the district of Gore and Niagara," with power to the Company to appoint new trustees. The present trustees are the same as those for the Mohawk Parsonage Lot, and, with the exception of Archdeacon Nelles, one of the original trustees, were appointed by a deed, dated the 10th December, 1878, and registei'cd on the 8th February, 1870. The Tuscarora Church, which was built on this Lot, is no longer used, but the parsonage is still in the occupation, during the Com- pany's pleasure, of the widow of the Rev. Adam Elliot, the Company's late Missionary at the i'uscarora Station. b2 XX ft' I .' "i; 7. Kanyenga Mission Lot of 5 ftcrcs (moro or loss), in tlio Township of Tuscarora, hold under a grant from the Crown, dated tho 28th June, 18(39 (regiMtored 28th July, 18()9), to Benjamin Cronyn, Bishop of Huron (sinco deceased), James Meyer, Governor of tho Company, and Abraham Nelles, the Company's chief Missionary, " and to their successors for ever, in such their several capacities as aforesaid, on behalf of tho New England Company, and in trust for tho Six Nations Indians, for the uses of a church, parsonage, and burial ground in connexion with the Church of England."* 8. Delaware Mission School Lot of 120 acres, in tho Township of Cayuga, held in fee under a grant from the Crown, dated tho 13th Feb., 1836 (registered 8th July, 1830), and leased to Mr. William Wilds, for $100 per annum, for ten years, from lat March, 1877.t CHEMONG AND RICE LAKES STATION, I'eterborouqh County. 9. 1600 acres (more or less), between Chemong and Buckhorn Lakes, in the Township of Smith,J held under a grant from the Crown in fee, dated tho 3rd April 1837, and registered 17th October, 1837. On this grant of 1 GOO acres, and at the southern end of the estate, are the following buildings, belonging to the Company : Tho Chemong Church, Mission-house, with barns and stables, Teacher's-house and School-house, and thirty cottages, occupied by the Indians, rent free. 10. 64 acres in the Township of Smith, and adjoining the north-east side of the 1600 acres last mentioned, pur- chased by the Company for $i4 in 1869, and held under a * See Map, p. 50. t See p 8, and Map, p. 6. X See History and Report, 1871, Map, p. 149. in tho Drown, ()9), to James Nelles, iccssora aid, on for tho sonago, irch of in tho rom the Dh July, 100 per XXI grant from tho Crown, datoil tho 7tli July, 18G!), and registered on tho 1 Ith of tho same month. 11. As to tho Crown g.-aut in 18U, to trustees of 1120 acres in tho Township of Otonahee, on tho north shore of Rice Lake, see p. 12 * * See also Report, 1«29, Map, p U; and History and lloport. 1871. Map, p. 149. ong and L under a il, 1837, Trant of , are the ly: Tho I stables, cottages. adjoining aed, pur- 1 under a ^t^W- ; |i J Mi ' 1 ' i : i 1 '1 . i ;l i j X.\ll SCHEDULE OF FIRE IXSURANCK POLICIES ON THE BUlLDlNfiS AN No. of I'olicy. 1,4H5,5UH ii,-4ni,H»(J i!,4."»»,H83 a,4(iO,Ou:j 1,480,917 2,401,31)1 •^,4G0,03» 2,400,000 2,451),!)03 93,878 03,877 93.876 8,106 7,527 102,025 80,058 Insurance Ollicu. Liverpool & London, iV (ilobe. i» ( .'anada's Farmers' Mutual. County of Brant Mutual. British America. Jiiverpool k London, & Globe. Property insured. Mohawk Institution. *t Furniture, Stores, and Clotliinj,'. Playhouse. Parsonage. Laundry and Fittings. Two Cottages $150 on each. Farm Buildings and Stock. Church. Glebe Cottage ($100), Bams ($300), Contents ($500). Cayuga Parsonage. ,, Church (School House No. 0). Schools No. 4 ($400), and No. 5 ($100). Mohawk Drive House and Barn. Tuscarora Church. „ Parsonage and Barn. Kanyenga Church. „ Parsonage and Barn. Chemong Church ($000), Schoolliouse ($o: | and Teacher's Residence (?500), Chemong Pnrsonji go ($1650), Stable ($75),' Shed ($25). XZIU 11 DINOS AN OTIIKR PROPERTY OF THE COMPANY IN CANADA, 1st April, 1879. —"IT listi mated Vttluo. Aiiiouiit iusurud. IVrsun insured. I'reuiiuni. T< 0(1. 3na uf Years. ) r ?u»oo U. Ashton, Esq. $50 3 Years, to 22 March, IHHO. } 10,0 00 (. .1,000 If *i 0815 II 1 „ 1883. ul CMolliiiit^. 3,000 2,0(10 »» II •I II M II 400 250 II II M •1 II M 2,000 2,000 II II 1* II 11 11 2,500 2,000 II II 25 II 24 Nov. 1880. } Ml each. 1,200 900 II >• 9 II II II I Stock. 7,500 4,000 II II 40 II 1 April, 1882. 1,500 400 II II 20 II 1 March, 1882. 11), Bams ($300), i 600 700 { 000 II II II 4 July, 1881. ■ i' 2,000 1,500 II II II >f II nisc No. 0). 1,700 1,200 i» II 18 II 22 Dec. 1880, No. 5 ($100). 700 500 »i II 7-50 II 12 Dec. 1880. Barn. 500 320 II )> 3 II 2 August, 1879. * Not used. 1,000 Rev. A. Elliot. 7-50 II Darn. 1,500 1,300 II II 11'70 II II II II ■1 5,000 3,000 Rev. Jas. Chance. 37 50 Premium Notes. II 18 Feb. 1881. d Barn. j 3,500 2,200 II >i 28 Premium Notea. II 2 May, 1880. Schoolhouse ($0: ^i sidence (?500). i 2,200 1,200 New Enghiud Co. 12 II 17 Dec. 1880. ISO), Stnble ($75)/ §•2.')). 3,300 1,750 II II 13-40 II ,1 II 1 ^ 1 _ _ — * — ^ «««. 1 1 ! i 1 ; ■ i 1 ! ■t li :i t 1 ! i 1 ■»■ .... >-. ■iit '>-jf .#«^ ill ! -1 'H! I! ! ■? H J{il(/r/tii,/s- //yry/,' .'.0/j, r'/>f.y' C . Mc/zitn/f r/iff/r/t fi/t/if/i')i^ Il'ii.M I ftrcf/sii4y/ ri/K./ 7f'// /ir/f'f <»,/., /J'' Bryy Hov y/^.r/ f 'ft//JI // /.' / V ■ '>/> '// Mt/iti Ftrr//ffrf>-y /)'' /hf.rr/ifff/r OltH'tn/r/lii f/.c FftfNi /ill< _ 1: ♦- SIX YEABS' SUMMARY OF THE NEW ENGLAND COMPANY'S PROCEEDINGS, 1873-8. ;•** The Company's proceedings during these six years (1873-8 inclusive), were of unusual interest and import- ance both in England and in Canada. Further purchases of farms in Essex and Kent to an amount exceeding £55,000, were made, with the sanction of the Charity Commissioners, out of the proceeds of the sale, in 1868-9, of the Company's farms in Suflfolk. In Canada, besides a small purchase, and several sales of land, great changes were made in the Missionary arrange- ments, and in the Day Schools on the Tuscarora Reserve, as well as at the Mohawk Institution. This six years' summary of the Company's proceedings, from 1873-8, may be conveniently divided as follows : — NEW ENGFAND COMl'ANY. I. — English Transactions. II. — Transactions in British North America. i. — Canadian Land Grants. ii. — Mohawk Church. iii. — Mohawk Institution. iv. — TuscARORA Church. V. — Kanyenga Station. vi. — Cayuga Station. vii. — TuscAROKA Reserve Station. viii.— TuscARoRA Reskrve Day Schools. ix. — Chemono and Rice Lakes Station. X. — British Columbia. xi. — Bay op Quinte. xii. — Walpolb Island. xiii. — Middlesex County. xiv. — Saskatchewan. XV. — New Brunswick. III. — Transactions in the West Indies. — Jamaica. I.— ENGLISH TEANSACTIONS, 1873-8. During the six years since 1872, the Company, with the sanction of the Charity Commissioners (based on reports made by the Commissioners' Surveyor), purchased four estates, one called Manston Court, in Kent, and thrue in Essex, called respectively Rettendon, Stanton's, and Nipsell's. Full particulars of these purchases appear on tha next page. \m ENGLISH TUANSACTIONS. 3 A. Famaica. 1873-8. ith mpany, w s (based on )r), purchased at, and three janton's, and ies appear on o c >^ ^ 00 I Q W o <1 O D O t— I Ph H CI) *• a c-c 5 C tJ P 3 H t: !/, M O 2;a •^ o U 5 o <« E- «o «5 a o M O 1—1 -*< O 00~ o t!i lO 00 O o o a IS 'A i;c2 s = £ « 4> ^ 1^ ci rt S ^ M ph oa fe ;^ >5 -* at tn r - . CO IN IM 5>t r-5 M o (N 03 O o a> >0 oo tx ST" in tx ■N»> / riiii 'i I ' I' ■• III ! ■I; 4 ENGLISH TRANSACTIONS. During these six years the Company granted or renewed leases of Suflfolk Place Farm, Plumstead, and of both the farms at Beckingham. For particulars of these and the other leases of the Company's English property, see page xiv. The tenant of NipselPs Farm gave the Company notice, determining his tenancy at Michaelmas, 1877, and declined the terms of renewal which the Company considered reasonable. The farm was therefore for a few weeks vacant, and the Company had no alternative, while seeking a new tenant, but to farm the estate at their own cost, and under the personal supervision of Mr. John Solly, the agent of their Essex estates. In January, 1878, the farm was let, on the best terms obtainable, to Mr. John Bunting, junior, a brother of Mr. Henry Bunting, the Company's present tenant of the smaller of the two farms at Beck- ingham, In the course of the year 1877-8, the Company expended £450 in erecting a granary and new cottage, and eflfecting some other improvements at Manston Court Farm, Kent. An agreement was made with the tenant to pay an addi- tional rent, equivalent to four per cent, interest on the outlay, i.e., £18 in addition to the rent of £340 a year. With reference to this capital expenditure on the farm, the Charity Commissioners, on the 28th January, 1879, made the order of that date, which will be found ante, page xvi. An agreement was made in 1874, with Mr. Robert Allen, the Company's land agent in Kent, to inspect the Company's farms there twice at least in each year, at a salary of £20 per annum, and on the death, in 1875, of Mr. Thomas Solly, the agent for the Company's Essex estates, his brother, Mr. John Solly, was appointed to succeed him. In the year 1877, the ToUeshunt Major School Board took compulsorily from the Company half an acre of land at Beckingham, as a site for a new school, to be erected by ,.ia«4 ENGLISH TRANSACTIONS. atod or , and of of these ,erty, see ly notice, [ declined onsidered ,v^ -weeks Q seeking . cost, and Solly, the J the farm ti Bunting, Company's 13 at Beck- y expended [d effecting arm, Kent, ly an addi- est on the 40 a year, le farm, the lary, 1879, found ante, the Board, and paid the Company for their purchase £52 10s. Od., which has boon invested in £51 13s. 7d. New Three per Cents., on account of Dr. Williams' Trust. A Milner's fire-proof safe of great strength was purchased in 187 1 for £35, and placed in the Company's Office, 1, Furuival's Inn, for the security of the Company's books, and more important documents. Within the last two years the Company's office-furnitnro and farm-buildings have been insured under septennial policies, in the Hand-in-Hand Insurance Office, New Bridge Street, London. Particulars of these policies, and of the fire insurances on the buildings and other property of the Company in Canada, will be found ante, pp. xv, xxii, xxiii. At a Court of the Company held on the 19th December, 1878, the Company's seal was affixed to an address of con- gratulation to the Marquis of Lome and H.R.H. the Princess Louise, on the appointment of the former as Governor- General of Canada. A gracious reply to the address was shortly afterwards received from His Excellency. Vlr. Robert inspect the h year, at a 875, of Mr. ssex estates, uceeed him. chool Board icre of land ,e erected by I ■:' 1 ii \]\ II.— PROCEEDINGS IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. i. CANADIAN LAND CiRANTS. Tlio fivo parcels of ground contained in the Government grant to the Company in 183G,* corapris(Ml ton acres on tlio south-west side of the Grand River, near the Mohawk Church. On these ten acres the Institution buildings, or a largo part of them, stand. The same grant comprised four Mission School Lots on the north-east side of the Grand River. Of these, tho Mohawk Mission School Lot of 50 acres, at no great distance from the Institution, as the crow flics, but two miles or more from it by road, was never of any use to the Company, and always lay waste. It was, after much deliberation, sold in 1877 for SCO per acre to Mr. William Lovejoy, tho owner of adjoining land.f The other three Mission School Lots, the Oneida, Onondaga, and Delaware, were estimated to consist of 100 acres each, and on each of them the Company, soon after the year 1835, built Schools and School Teachers' Residences, which were used by the children of the Red men till their removal to the south side of the river. The Oneida Mission School Lot was distant about three miles below Brantford, the Onondaga about ten miles below the Oneida, and the Delaware about ton miles below the Onondaga. These three lots were ren- dered useless for school purposes to the Six Nations Indians by the gradual removal of all the Indians fi-om the north- east to the south-west side of the Grand lliver, and were accordingly, at first, let on leases, but it was found that the difficulties inseparable from the management in England of landed, and, possibly, some of it mining property in three widely dispersed situations in Canada, * History and Iloport, 1871, p. 63. t yt'o Annual Accounts, 187S, jingo 27. jllTII ovornmont 1 acres on 10 Mohawk lildings, or comprised ido of the School Lot 5titution, as ly road, was t lay waste, or .800 per niiif^ land.t , Onondaga, acres each, e year 1835, which were moval to the lool Lot was e Onondaga aware about )ts were ren- :ions Indians tn the north- River, and it was found nagement in 3f it mining 5 in Canada, ■ y ^ 'i I I ! I : I ' > li '''i 27 / 25 x<- <^' /•V' /\t- PLAN ofll.e DELAWARE IVIISSIOIM SCHOOL LOT, ':' o u n fv of II a I (i i man d ONTARIO. 'Julni t'lur. F.L.S. IMutltln xJ . May 14 '^'' IfiH). CANADIAN LAND RANTS. rondcrod a difTorcnt disposition of those Lots preferable. There was also much to bo done in tlie way of draining, fencing, and building, before the land could be of any value. Under these circumstances the Company's best policy appeared to be to sell these three Lots, if fair prices could bo obtained for them. Accordingly, in July, 1873, an offer made by a White School Board for the purchase of 1^ acres, (part of the Oneida Mission School Lot), at §150 per acre, was at once accepted by the Company under the advice of Canon Nelles, Mr. Ashton, and the Canadian authorities consulted by them. The remainder of the Oneida Mission School Lot was sold by auction, in several parcels, in 187 i, and the Onondaga Mission School Lot was sold in two parcels in 1870. All these sales were duly completed. The Delaware Mission School Lot (see Map) was surveyed in 1874* and found to contain 115 acres within the metes and bounds of the Company's patent, and, deducting three acres for drowned land, was sold by auction as 112 acres at $47.50 per acre to Mr. David McClung for $5320 on which ho paid $1064 as a deposit of 20 per cent. But after he had for moi'e than two years made default in paying the balance of the purchase-money, his deposit was, by arrangement, in 1877 forfeited to the Company, and he became tenant of the Lot at a yearly rent of §100. With the exception of £15 4s. Id. expended in the purchase in 1875 of the 6"1G4 acres adjoining Babcock's Lot,t the net proceeds of all these Mission School Lot sales were invested in Consols in the names of the Official Trustees of Charitable Funds on account of the Charter Trust Fund Particulars of the sales are given on the following page. The preliminary and other expenses incidental thereto are deducted from the purchase-money before accovniting for the net proceeds for investment. • Ho-8urvcyoil in 1S7U find louiid to cniitaiu 120 jicrcs. t Sco Map, p. 1. CANADIAN LAND ORANTS. rH f-l so 1* '^^ o a: r> o CO o l/J o 00 tH o o o 00 Of c; 00 GO <» g CO - — - /^ "^ 1) 9^ l>. a CO e« -M ^ o P4 P4 cS a Cf_> -s d O oi :» f-^ » .^•». .■.■>f U* Cf "i^ i-H cc cr CANADIAN LAND 0RANT8. 9 CO 'M O o3 O a; g o 3J 8J CO CT * 4- In May, 1878, David McClnng's leaso of tho Delawaro Mission School Lot was surrendered, and tho lot ro-lot by the Company to Mr. William Wilds at a rent of §100 per annum, payable yearly on tho 1st Nov., tho term being ton years from the 1st March, 1877, and tho Company to assist him in erecting biiildings on the land, by allowing him either the first two years rent (§200), upon Mr. Ashton being satisfied that he had erected buildings of the value of §300 at the least, or two thirds of tho cost of the buildings which might be erected, not exceeding §200 in the whole. Tho outlay occasioned to the Company in establishing the Cayuga Mission* under the Kev. R. J. Roberta, amounted in February and March, 1874, to about £800, and was in tho first instance met by loans to that amount made by the bankers of the Company. On all hands it was felt that it would be very convenient to repay these loans out of tho proceeds t then coming in from the sales in progress of tho above-mentioned Missic School Lots. Some, however, of the members of the Company feared that these were not loans which could be properly repaid out of capital, and were of opinion I hat the proceeds of the sales of the different lots comprised in the Government grant of 13th February, 1836, J ought to be invested in Government Annuities, or some equally safe security. On this subject great difference of opinion long existed among the members of the Company, and conflicting resolutions were passed and a committee of six members laboured in vain to solve the difficulty. An application by several members to tho Charity Commissioners for their advice or direction whs refused on the ground of the Commissioners' alleged want of authority over charities administered abroad and apparently in forgetfulness of an express decision of the Court of • Report, 1871-2, i)p. 53, 64. t Report, 1871-2, p. 30—36, 332, and ant. p. H. + History iiiul Report, 1S71, p. 65. Ii i: CANAnrAN LAND OUANTS, Appeal in Clinnccry in 1807, in tho cmho of Taylor's Charity for tho promotion of ('hristian odncation in .lainnioa.* Ultiiiiatoly tho (\)in|)!uiy, on tho l>th of August, 1875, sent tho following lottor to tho Coniniissionors : — " T lun (liivctcd by tlic Now I'iiijjjlaiid Coinpiuiy to bring Uio following oircnnistiincos to tho notioo of tho Coniniissionors. "louring tho yours 187 M-l, tho cxponsos inourrod in ('annda by tlio Company in tho exocutiou of Iho trnsts for tlie bonelit of tho Indians, under pressing and exceptional circnnistauces, excr ' ded tho amount of tho income of their property. ^''I'onieet this expenditure! thej'^ W(U"fl, in the months of Fcibruary and Iw in tho present year, ncoonunodated by their bankers with a ten- 1 iry h)au to tho amount of I'SOO. "Had they not received this accommodation, tho operations of tho Company must have been impeded, to the great injury of tho Indians. "Tho sum of XllTio 7.y. l^/.f arising from the sale of property belong- ing to the Company in Canada was in tho month of March last received and placed on a deposit account with their bankers, Messrs 13arnett and Co. " Tho Company Inis given very careful consideration to the question of tho way in which this money slmuld bo applied, and at a meeting of tho Court on the Kith day of .June last, the folLiwing resolution was passed : '* That out of the sum now on deposit at tho Company's bankers, tho sum of .t'800 be at once repaid to the bankers, and that the Clerk bo desired to request the Charity Commissioners, after the -Slst December, I87(i, to deduct .t'ldO, half-yearly out of the dividends arising from tho Consolidated Annuities in tho names of the Otlicial Trustees of Chari- table Funds belonging to the New FiUgland Company for four years, in order that such deductions may be invested in Consols for the New England Company by the Official Trustees, and that the balance of tho money on deposit at the bankers be at once invested In the same manner.' "In pursuance of this Resolution and for the purpose of replacing the said sum of >J800 repaid to the baiiKors on the l!)th day of June last on permanent investments as part of the capital of the Company, I am directed to apply to the Commissioners that they will give directions to the Official Trustees of Charitable Funds from and after the .'Ust December, 187(1, {at which time the Company anticipate a considerable • L'e Diincfln,8tL March, 1867, Law Kep. 2 Clianc. 356. t See Annual Accounts, 187f>, p. 19. !i : ' CANADIAN liAND OKANTS, 11 c , 1875, (111 ^)y ♦!'« ftinount of DViiary and era witli a ions of tho Indians. (>rty bolong- last received liftiiiett and le question of eeting of tho was passed : bankers, the the Cleric bo Lst December, isint? ft'om ^^^^ itecs of Chari- four years, in s for the New )ahince of tho In the same f replacing the of June last on Company, I «-"^ ive directions to after the ;« I M. JUNIOR SCHO ROOM OFFICE RECEPj ROI GROUND Sadel VERANDAH SUPtniNTENOENrSi OININC HOON PARLOR SAH — • N96 ( " ■ " = = — —] - , 1 r i!'!! 1 i ! ! 1 . 1 t= L Hill ^ . . \ ! >• 1 N*-! - - 1 - yj- « o- - p — ^ 1 H9A h ^- r B o flC 1 N?: ,o f Ty 1 N?l — 1 1 i 1 II 1 1 1 -^ I- P S L— — « ^ >3| r.t2 . ~ 1 1 MATR 1 onIs i 1 1 RO DM CLOser GIRLS' DOR MITORY 1 1 MISTRES^ II 1 J I ._J »., ^ _ _ __ pllP't— ] L_ ROOM 1 DORMITORY PLAN. (FIRST FLOOR) PLAN Sadn^m^^ cm irwh. MOHAWK INSTITU'l'lUN. 17 1874 December 1875 f) 1876 If 1877 » 1878 It )f ii » » Girls 24 Total 64 ■!*'r „ 35 if 75 i „ 38 ft 80 M 41 ft 81 ^1 ,. 45 f « 85 ^f^M one day only in the week. At other times uir^'" employ- ment out of doors is found for the full division, omo bv.'ing engaged in manufacturing hurdles for movable fences, and others in various occupations about thi t. rm-buildings, attendin;; the cattle, etc. In the year 1873 the number of pupils in the Institution fluctuated considerably, and by the end of the year had dropped to a total of 41 — 23 boys and 18 girls. In each succeeding year, however, the numbers increased as follows : — Boys 40 40 42 40 40 Early in 1873 Mr. and Mrs. Griffith, the boys' school- master and the matron, resigned their situations in the Institution. Considering the length and fidelity of their services and their age and failing powers, the Company presented them with eighty guineas, a gratuity which they most thankfully received. Other changes also took place in the subordinate offices in the Institution. On the recommendation of the Board of Missionaries, and with the concurrence of Mr. Aahton, tlie Superintendent, Mr. Isaac Barefoot* was appointed as teacher of the boys in the Institution, in place of Mr. Griffith. At the same time Miss Jennie M. Fisher was appointed as teacher of the girls there, in place of Mr. Barefoot, from 1st May, 1873. A great improvement was soon :v\ade in the Institution by adopting the usual practice in Canadian schools of mixed classes, — Miss Fisher taking charge of the two junior classes of boys and girls, and Mr. Barefoot taking the two senior classes of both sexes — Mr. Ashton himself taking some of * Report, 1872, pp. Ida — 16t. He was a Catechist for mauy years, and has since been ordained and appointed by tlie Uisiiop of Huron, to the sole charge of Point Edward, Lambton Co., iu succcbbiou to the Kev. I. Bai'r. .:i ll^ i;i 18 MOHAWK INSTITUTION. r i 1 i * : ■ i. i 1 ! 1 1 1 I tlio Hubjceta in ojicli divi.sioii, and giving a gonoral snporiii- tiMuloneo to all ilio olasHCH. TIio (iliildron, too, aro not conlinod to Hcliool work, tho boy.s takinj^ part in tho out- iloor work, both pardoning and farnnng, juul oiirpois^oring, etc. ; and tho ^'wU boinfj^ tanght to nso tho sc^wing and knittinj^ machines and niangh^, and assisting in cooking and lionso work, and "nnking and nionding tho clotlios, otc. worn by tlio chihlron or nsod in tho lionso. Some few, on leaving the Institution, have gone into Bcrvico in suitable places, and aonio even, while still resident in the Institution, Iiivo Ixen bound apprentice to dillercnt tra.lvos is Indian istitiition Burpriso tho food thoy cou- tution by elovation iBita, after was paid jenter, of Carpenter, tcndent of ud pleased jvhich they a m terest slio England with some Institution, est publicly IS mot with ill ilio W(»si(ini p.'irt of Oiumda, horo liif^li toHtirnony to iho work in progrosH ainon{^ iho JndianH on tlio (Jrand Itivor, and at tlio New lOn^-'luinl Coirip/uiy's " cxcMslIont InduHiriul School. " So ilvv]) WMS (,h() iin])ro8Hion nmdo on thuir minds by thiw visit in Jidy, \H7'-'>. In tho Hiuno yvjir another Kiiglisli huly, Miss Fh)ronco Loos, "tlio Miss Nightin^alo of tlio Franco- 1 'rnssian War," visited America on a mission of charity to inspect tho j^aols, hohjiitals, and benevolent institutions on that conti- nent. In company with a lady from Hamilt(m (Mrs. Colonel JJnrton), sho arrived in Novendxjr, 187ii, at tho Kanyenf^a l*arsona}^(!, and they spent several days thoro as tho gnosis of the Uev. James and Mrs. Chiinco, visiting several of tho Indian schools on the Jfeservo, and their fjonj^ house or ])agan ttsmple, as well as the Uev. Adam and Mrs. Elliot, in tho Tuscarora Parsonage north of tho Grand Kivor, and ultimately, on tho 28th November, 1873, visited tho Mohawk Institution, whore they saw tho children at dinner, and afterwards h(!ard them sing. Miss Lees, at Mr. Ashton's request, addressed a few words to tho children. When writing, a few days later, Mr. Chance rc^portod to tho Company that Miss Lees w charmed with tho children's singing, as ho thought she well might bo, for that Mr. Ashton had unquestionably made a vast improvement in that respect. Two Indian missionaries from tho North West, and a missionary from India, with a Wesleyan minister f orn Brantford, (tho Ilev. Messrs. Young, Crosby Messmoro, and Keefer), visited tho Institution in February, J87t, and hoard tho children exercised in reading, geography, singing, etc. IJeforo leaving they severally addressed the jjujjils, and expressed themselves as highly gratiiied ;.> all they had seen and heard. In July, 1874, tho Hon. David Christie,, the Speaker of the Dominion Senate, with Mrs. Christie, and Alien Cleghorn, Esq., of Brautford, visited and inspected tho i I' J MOUAWK INSTITUTION. Institution, staying about two hours. They expressed extreme gratification at noticing the marked improvements in the Institution, and in the appearance and conduct of the pupils. The greater part of the interior of the building had been recently painted (under Mr. Ashton's supervision), by the boys themselves. Mr. Ashton had the satisfaction of reporting, on If^. August, 1874, that both the teachers (Mr. Barefoot and Miss Fisher), had evinced the utmost interest in the improvement and welfare of the scholars, and that in the pupils themselves he observed rapidly increasing intelligence, energy, and cheerfulness. Before the Institution closed for the Christmas vacation, in 1874, Mr. Ashton held a public examination, to which parents and guardians of pupils, and friends of the Indians were invited. About forty persons were present, though the weather was unfavourable — a violent storm of wind and snow rendering it scarcely safe to venture out. The pupils were examined in reading, geography, grammar, human physiology, and Scripture history. After the exa- mination Lieut.- Colonel Gilkison distributed the prizes awarded during the year. The pupils sang a selection of sacred and secular music, and were afterwards addressed by several of the gentlemen present. The visitors gene- rally expressed themselves as pleased and surprised at the proficiency displayed by the pupils in the various subjects in which they were examined. After the vacatinu, and the Institution had reopened, the Hon. David Laird, Minister of the Interior and Superin- tendent-General of Indian Affairs, accompanied by the Hon. David Christie, Speaker of the Senate, Colonel Gilki- son, and Mr. Cleghorn, visited and inspected the Institu- tion, and examined the pupils in their classes. Th« Minister's entry in the visitors' book was : — "Visited this Institution on tl ; lotli January, 1875, and found tlu; arrangements for the iniproveuieiit of the pupils ahuost perfect. TJie apiirtments are siTupulously clcun, mul f^very efl'ort seems to be made MOHAWK INSTITUTION. 21 •eased ments act of lilding ision) , faction jachers utmost sholars, rapidly acation, 3 -whicli Indians thougli rind and It. The rrammar, the exa- prizes lection of addressed ,rs gene- id at the subjects jened, the Superin- by the Inel Gilki- e Institu- Ises. Th« id found tlio jrfoct. The to be made on the part of the manager, Mr. Ashton, and his assistants, to forward the educational interests of tliose committed to their care. The pupils read tolerably well, write with pvent ease, and sing very sweetly. Was most pleased with the pains taken to promote the religious and morui well-being of the Indian youths in the Institution." The Speaker's entry was: — " I am much pleased with what I have seen and heard at the Mohawk Institution to-day. The New England Company deserve tlio thanks and best wishes of the people of Canada for the good work which th»>y and their officers are doing amongst the Six Nations Indians," The Institution was visited on the 25th May, 1875, by the Rev. Dr. Fyfc, the Rev. Messrs. Porter and Alexander Stewart, and others, when Dr. Fyfe made tho following entry in the visitors* book : — " I have been much pleased with what I have seen of the order, progress, and management of this Institution to-day." On 13th July, 1875, Dr. H. J. Borthwick, Inspector of Public Schools, Ottawa (with several friends), visited the In- stitution and made the following entry in the visitors' book : " I have visited this Institution this day, and am very murli pleased with its arrangements, both internally and externall}-, and sincerely hope it may be instrumental in doing much good," This visit being after 3.30 p.m. the schools had closed, and tho children were at their industrial occupations. On the evening of the 15th of July, 1875, Dr. Borthwick and his friends made a second visit to the Institution, to hear the pupils sing. Having done so, he addressed the children, and in the course of his address told them ho had never heard any school singing equal theirs. On the 17th and 18th September, 1875, B. A. Meredith, Esq., Deputy of the Minister of the Interior, and Deputy of the Superintendent-General of Indian affairs, (accompanied by Lieut.-Colonel Gilki.sion, Local Superintendent of 22 MOHAWK INSTITUTION. Indians), visited the Institution, and his entry in the visitors' book is, — " I visited and carefully went through the Institution, and was present while the children were examined in grammar, and went through their reading and arithmetic lessons. I was much pleased and surprised with the creditahle proficiency of many of the pupils, and by their general intelligence of manner. The order and neatness which prevailed tliroughout the Institution were most pleasing." ill t ::!; ilfl m i: mh u^ 'I'j, ;' l;l ■;i! !illii|l! Two days later the Rev. Thomas Ryder, of Nottingham, (England), as well as several ladies and gentlemen, visited the Institution, and his entry in the visitors' book is :— " I have enjoyed greatly my visit to this Institution, which I consider under admirable management. The children all seem very happy, and their attainments in grammar, writing, and singing are greatly above the average of many scholars in English schools." On the 22nd of February, 1876, while Mr. Ashton was out on business, the Rev. E. C. W. McColl, Congregational minister at Brantford, with several friends, visited the Institution, and left the following remarks in the visitors' book : — " xn a few minutes spent in the Institution, I was much surprised at the bright, happy appearance of the pupils, and the very good reading which I heard. The kind endeavours of the teacliers are evidentl ;■ producing results which must be a reward to themselves as well as the means of immeasurable good to their ^jz-o^^^jf^j*." On the 12th of February, 1877, the Bishop of Huron (with Canon Nelles) visited the Institution, and expressed himself much pleased with all he saw. He also made this entry in the visitors' book : — " I have been much pleased with the neat and systematic internal arrangements of the Institution, and with the scholastic training of the Indian children." About the same time Samuel Morris and Thomas P. Cope, 'A MOHAWK INSTITUTION. sa sitors present a\\ their tscd with general jrcv ailed LTlgllO,^!^' Visv ited IS I consider happy, «•"•! r above the shton was regational isited tlie e visitors' ich surprised e very good teachers are Ihemselves as from Philadelphia, (members of the Society of Orthodox Friends, having the supervision of a large portion of the Indian territory, United States of America), visited the Institution, and wrote thus in the visitors' book : — " We are greatlj'^ pleased witli tlio excellent order and the good work which is evidently done by the Mt)hawk Institution.'' On the 24th July, 1877, the Honourable David Mills, Minister of the Interior and Suporiatendent-General of Indian Affairs, and William Paterson, Esq., M.P. for S. Brant, signed the following entry in the visitors' book :— " The undersigned have to-day visited this Institution, and have gi'eat pleasure in recording the gratification they feel at the satisfactory manner in wliichit is conducted." In his Annual Keport for the year 1876-7, on tho Indians of the Grand River Superin tendency, addressed to the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs, Lieutenant- Colonel J. T. Gilkison, the Visiting Superintendent and Commissioner at Brantford, made the following remarks on the Institution ; — " The Mohawk Institute maintains its high reputation, and does its great and good work under the New England Company, nearly ninety children being there. A large addition has been built, affording more comfort to the pupils, and the surrounding grounds are improved and beautified." of Huron expressed made this Imatic internal Iraininj:; of the Lias P. Cope, In his Eeport for the year ending 30th June, 1878, dated the 20th September, 1878, he says on the same subject : — " It is pleasing to again allude to the admirable Mohawk Institute supported by the New England Company ; about ninety children are there, its doors being open to and availed of by children from Indian bands throughout Ontario and Quebec." In March, 1878, the Rev. R. J. Roberts visited the Insti- tution and went through all the farm buildings, and every- I i ii i 'ill: I,; ' ;j ii !ili- MOnAWK INSTITUTION. where observed good order and neatness ; remarking also the additional improvements made since his last visit, a few months previously. In the morning of the 25th of May, 1878, L. Vankonghnot, Esq., Deputy Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs, accompanied by Colonel Gilkison, spent an hour in tho Institution and expressed himself both surprised and pleased at the condition of the Institution, and the attainments and manners of the pupils. With reference to this visit, Mr. Vankoughnct in his Annual Report dated 21st December, 1878, to Sir John A. Macdonald, K.C.B., Premier of Canada, and Superintendent- General of Indian affairs, speaks as follows : — " I had tlie pleasure last sprin«? of visiting tlie Mohawk Institution, and gladly place on record the gratification it atlbrded mo to see how efficiently the Institution \Vas conducted under the active supervision of Mr. Ashton. the principal, and his assistants, The children looked healthy, clean, well dressed, and quite contented. " Mr. Ashton was good enough to have them examined before me in their several studies ; and I have much pleasure in stating that their proficiency in the several branches of education is remarkable, and would be considered ci*editable even for white children. " The cleanliness and comfort which characterizes all the different departments of the Institution is exceedingly praiseworthy ; and one cotild not but feel thanL :! that, outside of the Department, th(!re should be a Company having such a deep interest in the welfare of the Indian race as to found an Institution of the kind for the benefit of the rising generation of Indians." Colonel Gilkison, a few days later, writing to the Clerk of the Company, mentioned this visit, and added that they were much pleased with the management, and that Mr. Vankoughnet addressed the children in happy terms ; and that the improvements in the building and outside are very good and creditable to Mr. Ashton's taste. The Colonel at the same time expressed a hope that it might be in the power of the Company to enlarge the premises, or have ancjthor building erected for younger children, which he -4e MOHAWK INSTITUTION. 25 [T also a few ghnot, in tlio pleased nts and ; in ln» Jobn A. tendent- [nstitntion, to see how )oi'visi'i« ol veil looUoil )ef«)re mc in ijt that their rkable, ami le different ud one cduhl re should he the Indian of the rising he Clerk of that they . that Mr. terms; and de are very Colonel at be in the es, or have which he thoiicrht would 1)0 prndnctivo of greater benefits to tlio Indian race. On the 12th of Juno, 1878, the Institution was visited by Mr. Stanley Puinphrey, of Worcester, England, who is interesting himself in the civilization of Indians in the United States, and ho made this entry in thf visitors' book : — " I am much pleased with the system adopted here for the improve- ment of the Indian children, and especially in their industrial training, which is what the tribes so greatly stand in need of." At the Mohawk Institution, on 20th December, 1878, Canon Nelles, J. MilU', Esq., M.A., Principal, and Angus Mackintosh, Esq., Machomatical Master of IJrantford Colle- giate Institute, Dr. GrifBn, and others, were present in the evening at the closing exercises. Principal Mills addressed the pupils, complimenting them very highly on their reading and singing. He considered their exorcises equal, if not. superior, to any he had ever listened to of pupils of a similar ago. He had never visited the Institution before, but, froju the two pupils (Green and Jones) who had attended the Collegiate Institution from there, he had been convinced that whoever taught them had done so thoroughly. But ho was perfectly astonished at the excellent order they had maintained throughout the evening ; he did not believe such discipline could be witnessed anywhere else. Satisfactory as is this , six years' stream of testimony, it must not be understood that there have not been great difficulties to bo overcome, and even ofTonces to be deplored, and if possible corrected. Occasionally the welfare of the j-oungor boys and girls in the Institution has demanded the expulsion uf older ehildren guilty of some aggravated offence or of repeated misconduct, e.g., incorrigible thieves, cheats, or liars. In one instance D : : I .pi 1.J • • F ( :" MlJ f i : m Hi; III ■:!i';i:i 26 MOHAWK INSTITUTION, Mr. Asliton had to report, with deep regret, towards the end of the year 187G, that one of tho pupils hud been guilty of stealing a prayer-book from a store in Brantfoi-d, into which he had gone for the purchase of two hymn books. The boy — an Oneida, and grandson of a native Methodist missionary — had always borne a most excellent character and had evidently yielded to a sudden temptation, for which he was believed to be soon deeply and sincerely penitent. Tiie police magistrate before whom the boy was brought the next day, on investigation of the charge, admonished the boy, and handed the case over to Mr. Ashton to deal with. Mr. Ashton inflicted adequate corporal punishment, and in consideration of the boy's former good character and apparent contrition, did not dismiss him from the Institution. This, it is right to record, is the only charge of misconduct ever brought in a public court against a pupil of the In- stitution during Mr. Ashton's superintendency, and tho magistrate, in admonishing tho boy, paid a high tribute to the excellent character generally borne by the lads at the Institution. Obstruction on the part of parents is still too often an impediment to the Company's efforts to instruct and elevate the young Indians of both sexes. In some cases, however, the parents' consent having been obtained, an arrangement has been made to pay a boy pupil at the rate of 25 cents per week (on good conduct and industry) during the first year of his apprenticeship, half to be paid to the boy monthly, and half to be carried to his account towards supplying him with necessary tools if he satisfactorily completes his term of three years. The apprentice generally boards and lodges at the Institution, and attends evening school there. A taste for farming, on a methodical and scientific plan, has undoubtedly been fostered in many boys by their train- ing at the Institution, and in some of the senior aborigines by the perusal of Whitcombe's ' Manual of Agriculture,' which is reported to be the best work on Canadian agri- I ■ ii; MOHAWK INSTITUTION. 27 Is tlie been books, tbodist ivvacter V wliicli c 111 tent. DrongKt ^onislioA I to deal ishment, bcter and atitution. isconduct ,f tbo In- and tlio tribute to lads at often an id elevate bovvevor, •angement cents per first year mtbly, and Icr him with k^s term of [and lodges ;re. fntific pl!i«> Itlieir train- aborigines oriculture/ ladian agn- culture, and was largely circulated among tho Indians in the Cayuga Mission by Mr. R. J. lloberts, before his removal to Vancouver Island. One object kept in view by Mr. Ashtou has been to assirailato the- course of instruction at the Institution as closely as possible with the educational system of the Pro- vince of Ontario, so that our pupils obtaining the highest certificate awarded in the Institution might be fitted to obtain employment as public school teachers. More than one of the Institution pupils are fairly rivalling their white competitors. In June, 1875, Mr. Ashton sent Thomas D. Green, one of the Institution boys, to attend the examination of candi- dates for admission into the Brantford High School, or Collegiate Institute. The boy obtained the highest number of marks of any of tho forty-one candidates from the public schools of the County of Brant. His age was then 17^ years. He had been admitted into tho Institution, in Jan., 1873, and had been a monitor there for the last two years. His superior ability and application had phiced him educp^'ion- ally far beyond any of the other pupils then in the Institu- tion, so that the schoolmaster could not devote to him all the attention he required, except at the expense of the other children. On Mr. Ashton's recommendation Thomas D. Green was permitted to attend the High School for instruction, — remaining, in all other respects, a pupil of the Institution for one year, and devoting all the time ho could spare from his studies to the industrial work of the Institution. Mr. Ashton hoped, in time, to have a class of such pupils in our own schools. At the end of his first year, July, 1876, he was success- ful in w'nning the prizes in his form, for English, Latin, mathematics, and general proficiency, and had proveu himself most persevering in his studies, and he received from his masters an excellent character. Tho special D 2 4 qi I 28 MOHAWK INSTITUTION. !;!. If I I'! i I I { Coininittco therefore, without hesitation, extended for nnothor year the permission for him to remain in tho Mohawk Institution, receivinti' instruction at the fJrantford CoUej^iato Institute, as hefore. He successfully passed the intormedinto examination held in December, 187(5, an examination which is considered to bo equivalent to that for a second class Provincial certificate, and is midway between that for admission into Collegiate Institutions, and University matricuhition. In April, 1878, Thomas Green went homo for a few months, preparatory to entering the Ap])lied Science Department at McGill College. Montreal. Ho was prepared to beai' the greater })art of the expenses of his education by letting his farm, and obtaining some temporary assistance from his friends. His application to tho Indian Council for assistance was refused, though the Pagans gave a nearly unanimous vote in his favour, and both Col. Gilkison and Mr. Ashton strongly recommended it. As James Mills, Esq., M.A., Principal of the Brantford Collegiate Institute, gave the young man an excellent character, and considered hi , abilities excelled by few, the Special Committee, at Mr. Ashton's suggestion, undertook to pay his fees, (about ten guineas per annum,) at the Montreal College. In the summer Thomas Green matriculated at Mc(j!ill College, ]\fontreal, and tho Secretary reported that tho young man had passed one of tho best matriculation (exa- minations. Ho himself expressed, in a letter to Mr. Vshton, his gratitude for tho assistance afforded him. The Com- mittee at once gave him a pnze, which it was hoped would be a rc.'il assistance to him, and would encourage him to continued ellbrts without injury to his self-reliance. Soon after Christmas, 1878, the gratifying intelligence reached England, that Thomas Green, at the recent exami- nation, had obtnined the first position of his year. In April, 1877, an intelligent half-breed, John Elliot, w^as at Mr. Ashtou's recommendation, admitted into tho Ontario MOH AWK INSTITUTION. 20 •d for in tlio vntford passed 57(), an to thiit midway ms, and montlis, yfivtment to beai- f letting ice from uncil for a nearly cison and [ills, Esq., ute, gave dered liii io, at Mr. labout ten t McGill that tlio tion oxa- r. Ashton, The Coin- pod woidd .o-e liini to I Intelligence lent ex ami - Klliot, WMS tlie Ontario School of Agriculture at Guelpli. While there ho would bo at no expense for board and tuition, uud might pnjbably r(>ceivo from ^'lo to $50, at tlio end of tho year, ^[ean- wliile lie woidd req.ii"o some assistance to ])rovido him with clothing, etc., his interest-money supplying him with ))0('ket-moni'y. ^\\\ Ashton undertook to advance him siitHoient to supply necessaries, on the understiinding that he returned to tho Institution at tho compU'tion of his course, and repaid, by his services on the fainn, the sums thus advanced ; for with the training obtained at the Agri- cuhnral CoUege, iMr. Ashton expected the young niJin would become well qualified (o take a position at tiio Institution, as firm instructor. Another puj)il of the JMohawk Institution, Anuii .lones, fiiiled at Michiieluifis, ly?-"), to ohtiiiu lier certilicate at tho Vrovinciid Ivxiimination of Candidates f'oi* school teacher- ships. .She W!is, however, admitted into the IJrantl'ord Collegiate Institute as a student for a second-class certifi- cate, and being a very promising girl, the Committee, as an inducement to greater exertion on the part of oth 'r pupils, complied with Mr. Ashton's reciuest to have the privilege of keeping her at the Institution for a year, the fees being only .810. For the last four winters the pupils in the Institution have had fortnightly evening entertainments of readings, recitations, vocal and instrumental music, etc., the pro- gramme for each evening being provided by the boys and girls alternately. These entertainments are a source of great enjoyment to the pupils, and a very valuable help to the teachers, by conducing to improve the children's reading and articulation of English. The present staff of instructors at the Institution com- prises, in addition to Mr. Eobert Ashton, the Superintendent, and his wife, Mrs. Ashton, who acts gratuitously as matron, Mr. S. J. Truman, master-carpenter; Mr. J. K. Alexander, farm-foreman ; Mrs. F. Cowle, assistant-matron ; Mrs. S* ■ i I Hi: •■i \ : :'■ IJ if ■! •i r MOHAWK INSTITUTION. Mattingloy, laundress ; and Miss C. Johnson, sewing- teacher. Miss Jennie M. Fisher deservedly retains her situation as school-mistress, and the Rev. Isaac Barefoot's place of school-master is now well filled by Mr. Wm. Butcher, who received his training in England, — five years as a pupil- teacher, and two years in the Highbury Training College. He holds a certificate awarded by the Education Committee of the Privy Council in England ; and also a Provincial certificate in Canada, where he had taught for two years, before undertaking his duties at the Institution in November, 1877. Through, continued attacks of chill fever, Mr. Ashton's health, early in the year 1877, was very indifferent, and Dr. Griffin considered it absolutely necessary that he should ta.ke a month or six weeks' sea voyage. The Committee not only granted him at once the requisit3 leave of absence, but assisted him towards the expense of a visit to England, in July, August, and September, in that year. Mr. I. Barefoot (on leaving Huron College, in June, 1877, and before accepting ai:y parochial work) took charge of the Institution for Mr. Ashton during the litter's absence. Besides reinstating his health, this visit to England enabled him to advise personally with the Committee on various matters concerning his work. Returning to the Institution on the 27th of September, Mr. Ashton felt himself consider- ably benefitted by the rest he had enjoyed. He found, too, that everything had gone on well during his absence, but that there had been a great deal of sickness, chiefly ague and low fever, on the Reserve, and that the pupils returned, after the holidays, less regularly and punctually than usual, and that several of them were still suffering from chill fever. One of the more important subjects of consultation with Mr. Ashton, on the occasion of his visit to England in 1877, was a proposal to introduce an Industrial Orphanage for young children in or near the Institution. Another was m r.liJllAWK INSTITUTION. 31 wing- ,aatioii lace of r, wVio pupil- 3oUege. amittee ovinciiil ) years, vember, ^sliton's and Dr. a should jmniittee absence, England, ilr. I. 877, and ,e of tlie absence, enabled various natitution consider- , too, that but tlmt ague and returned, han usual, chill fever, ation with a in 1877, lanage for other was the question how 1;C3L to proviuo against the pupils relaps- ing iutc the lower life of their parents on leaving the Institution. A third was the diificultv of interestino; tiio parents in the education of their children, and in pi'operly maintaining and warming the day schools. At present the Committee has not seen the way to opening an Orphanage, but hopes to do so ere very long. Preliminary arrangements must first be matured. On the second question, the feeling of many of the Red men is, " why teach our girls to be ladies and all that, for when they come home they must learn to bo squaws ? '' This is but tuo true. For wiien they marry men too lazy to support them and their cliildrcn decently, the work of providing for the fiimily fjilis generally to the lot of the woman. She must plant and hoe the potatoes and corn, etc., or hick the necessiiries of life. For she cannot iiml sufficiently lucrative employment in sevviuff, hand-knitting, straw-plaiting, or basket-work, and so, losing self-respect, she sinks in the social scale. Yet the surest road to Indian improvement 's that which will elevate the social and moral condition of the young women. The difficulties in the way are many. Few can bo employed as teachers among their own people. Still fewer can be induced to enter domestic service among the whites ; tlnnigh thero would be little difficulty in providing situations in good families for all we could train. They, however, think tin's beneath them, ami indeed are not happy among strangers. One course may be to interest the Indian girls to maimfac- ture some article of commerce, supply them with the raw material -.iid find a market for the goods when finished, they receding a settled price for their work. 'J'hus each apprentice might, in two years' time, earn enough to supply herself with a knitting-machine of her own. This experi- ment is now in progress, and promises well. The Annual Reports furnished l)y Mr. Ashton, as Super- intendent, should be read in connexion with his I?(>port in i' mi MOHAWK INSTITUTION. Novernbor, 1872, on first roacliing tho Institution.* TIio lirsfc six of tlieso llcports (Cor tlio years 1873 -S), with tlio J ic>J 1 ^'1 ' 1 ■■ 1, ■'. LKi TU8CAR0BA CHURCH. James Chance ministered ; that as to the congregation at the Tuscarora church, it was necessarily much smaller than it had been, when many of the Indians lived near it, on the north side of the river ; that since the erection of the new churches at the Kanyenga and Cayuga Stations, many of the Indians who used to worship in the Tuscarora church, were believed to attend the ministrations of the Rev. Messrs. Chance and Roberts ; and that in his (Mr. Elliot's) opinion, the principal cause of the compai'atively small attendance at the Tuscarora church was the difficulty of crossing the river in small canoos, and that if a new church could be erected on the south side of the river it would probably be well attended. He suggested, however, that as it was then inconvenient for the Company to build another church for this Mission, ho saw no necessity for the immediate appohitment of a missionary to succeed him on his resignation, and that Messrs. Chance and Robeics might extend their services to all the Indians on the Reserve, as Messrs. Nelles and Elliot, when living much farther apart, had for many years done, and that with a clerical assistant, he had no doubt that Mr. Chance could take charge of both the Tuscarora and the Kanyenga Missions, and that already one of Mr. Clianco's congrega- tions was composed of Indians, many of whom resided in Mr. Elliot's mission ; also, that in case this arrangement should bo made, the few Indian families who yet lived on the north side of the Grand River, and understood English, might attend divine service with the white people in their two churches, the seats being all free, and each of these two churches being only about a mile distant, east and west respectively, from the old Indian church, and that this last mentioned building might, so long as it stands, still be used for occasional services and for funerals, as many of the Indians, as well as others, rest in their Sfraves aroun d it. Canon Nelles, also, in May, 1875, pointed out the impor- 'i ;i on at [• than on tlxo e new any of iburcli, 3 llev. !:iliot's) J small 3ulty of a new river it lowever, to build issity for succeed ,nce and idians on en living and that r. Chance [vanyenga congrega- •esided in angemont lived on [l English, I people in lid each of Istant, east lurch, and I long as it and for lers, rest in TUSCARORA CHURCH. 35 tance of Mr. Elliot's contluuing to occupy the Tuscarora parsonuofo. The Coinraitteo therefore, on receipt of this intelligence, accepted Mr. Elliot's resignation, and re- quested him to continue his occupation of the glebe and residence in the parsontige, (where Mr. Anthony had long lived with himself and Mrs. Elliot) ; and thus, while re- lieving Mr. Elliot from the labour and responsibility of the mission, the benefit of his long experience and sound judg- ment was secured till his death, which occurred on the 4th of June, 1878. The Company at tho same time decided to close the Tuscarora church, and rearranged the Kanyenga and Cayuga Missions, and so much of the Tuscarora Mission as was south of the river, placing Mr. Chance at Kanyenga, with Mr. Anthony as his assistant, and the llev. R. J. Roberts at Cayuga. Ever since Mr. Elliot's decease, his widow, who still takes an active interest in the few Indians in her immediate neighbourhood, has, at the request of the Committee, con- tinued in the occupation of the Tuscarora parsonage and glebe, receiving also a small pension from the Company. The Bishop of Huron, as well as Mr. /Vshton, speaks highly of her energy and interest in the Indians, and says she is a very efficient missionary. Sliortly after Mr. Elliot's death, Mr. Ashton, on behalf of the Company, arranged with Mrs. Elliot for the removal to the Mohawk church of the organ which had been bought by her husband, in 1871, for §170, and had been used in the Tuscarora church. On its being placed in the Mohawk church, the old oi'gan in tho latter was removed thence to the Institution, where an instrument was much needed. The Indians had intended to repay Mr. Elliot the y :hat slio ^lio had ellout.t Council vent tlie jnditions. 3ssed the xry step. n thousands ,y low prices, cultivation Iwood them- [ev to cut for to a fearfui ,li. wood and The regulations imposed by this Order in Council were subsequently incoi'porated in the Indian Act of 187G, which will be found in the Appendix, p. 85. In the month of April, 1874, a Select Comrnitteo of tlio Canadian House of Commons was appointed to inquire into and report on the condition and affairs of the Six Nations Indians in the counties of Brant and Haldimand, and a list of interrogatories prepared by this Select Committee was sent to Mr. Chance to be answered ; and his replies, which will be found in the Company's printed correspondence of that year, probably furnished some of the information on which the Indian Act of 1876 was based. Eight acres of the intended Kanyenga globe, on tlic oast side of the parsonage, were cleared and drained with con- siderable labour in the spring of 1874, the work being, as Mr. Chance reported, necessary for the safety of the parson- age and the health of the inmates. On the 12th August, 1874, the Company decided to withdraw its grant to Thomas's School, in School Section No. 2 of the Tuscarora Reserve, considering that the four schools supported by them at the Kanyenga Station were sufficient for the district and School Sections under the cai'o of Mr. Chance. The Rev. I. Barr holds a service, however, in the school-house on alternate Sundays. On the 30th of September, 1874, the Mission was visited by T)r. Selwyn, the late Bishop of Lichfield, whoso successful missionary labours in New Zealand made his lordship's visit one of peculiar interest. He was accompanied l)y tlie Birdiop of Huron, tlie Very Rev. Dean Boomer, of TiOndon, Ontario, as well as by his chaplain and six other clergymen. The Bishop addressed a large; congi-egation in Kauyi'iiga ("hurch, and afterwards i-iviMved an address, on belialf of thu Six Nations, fro)n Chief Johnson, Speaker to the Indian Council. Mr. Chance; reported that his lordshi]) was very juurh pleased with all he saw, and congratulated him on the a]tparent ,-uccess of his laliours. The church was much ! I ■ «' 1 li: "" 't' i ■ ] 1 i ii : 1, , , : ll:il «! I 1 'ii Si ii I Ii KANYENOA STATION. admired by all tlie party, as also were the parsonage and grounds. Among the difficulties which the Company's Missionaries have had to contend with, not the least has been the proneness of the Indians to intemperance in drink when- ever exposed to temptation of this kind. It has consequently been one of their objects to discourage as far as possible the sale of intoxicating liquors to tho Indians at their various stations, especially on occasions when excessive indulgence was most to be feared. Ac- cordingly, in consequence of Mr. Chance's representations with regard to the neglect of the Six Nations Agricultural Society to prevent the sale of intoxicating liquors at its Annual Show in October, 1873, and to guard against the evils which resulted from such neglect, the Company felt compelled on receipt of the intelligence to threaten to with- draw its annual grant of £20 to the Society. This throat had to be renewed in March, 1876, but as there was a re- currence of the evil in an aggravated form at the Society's show in 1878, the Company suspended the grant altogether for that year, and hope that this suspension may produce the desired effect. The cause of temperance on the Reserve has also been promoted by the establishment of a temperance organization, under whose auspices a convention of delegates from tem- perance societies in different parts of Canada and the United States, was held at the Indian Council House, in the month of September, 1874. Mr. Chance reported that the attend- ance was large, and the interest very great, and that it tended to promote a revival of the temperance cause in some parts of thfi Reserve where it had been languishing, and where lodges had for some time been closed. On the 18th of January, 1875, the Kanyenga Station vvas visited by the Hon. David Laird, Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, accompanied by the Hon. David Christie, Speaker of the Senate of Canada, and Colonel Gilkison, KANYKNQA STATION. 39 c and nariea n the wlien- to the casions . Ac itatious jultural at its nst the any felt to with- s threat as a re- ^ociety's together produce ho been [uization, •om tem- ie United le month |e attend - that it in some ling, and ition was Ireneral of Christie, iGilkison, Visiting Superintendent. The following account of his visit, given by Mr. Chance, will be found interesting : — " I luid invited Mr. Laird to the parsonnsp. but ho soiit word fmin Brantford that previous eiit^agi'ineiits prov(Mitod him from ac('eptinf» my in- vitation. 1 met liim, ho\vever,at the Council-house, and as he had only a few hours to spend amonjr tiie Indians on the Reserve, and as I wished him to see one at least of the Company's schools in operation, I induced him previous to the commencement of any business with the Council to accompany me to No. 2 School, under the charge of Miss Crombio This school, which is near to the Council-house, has, as you are aware, the lar<:est attendance of children, but they are not the most intelligent nor the furthest advanced, as I explained to Mr. Laird, who at my request heard some of them read and spell, and asked them some questions in Scripture history. He made some very appropriate remarks to the children, which evinced his deep sense of the value of religious knowledge. Both Mr. Laird and Mr. Christie expressed their agreeable surp'-ise at the writing of the children and the cleanliness of their copybooks. " I ex])lained to them the non-sectarian character of the Company's schools, and that they were conducted according to the principles of the connnon -school system, and that teachers and children were subjected to periodical examinations by a Board of the Company's Missionaries. I mentioned the importance of maintaining the schools in a proper st;ite of efficiency, and expressed a hope that the efforts of the Company would be seconded as far as possible by the Indian Department. Mr. Laird ex- pressed the opinion, in which Mr. Christie joined, that the Indians them- selves should supplement the Company's effcn-ts by an annual grant from their funds, and in that opinion I heartily concurred, and expressed my preference for this plan, as it would tend to increase the interest of the Indians in the schools, insure a larger attendance, and promote greater punctuality and regularity. Mr. Laird promised to urge the matter upon ihe Council, and very nobly he fulfilled his promise. " He paid a high tribute of praise to the Christian philanthropy of the New England Comimny in sending I\Iissionaries to labour amongst them, and in establishing so many day-schools on the Reserve, one of which he had just visited with great satisfaction. He eulogized the zeal, energy, and self-denial of the teachers, and maintained that they were deserving of every encouragement. He expatiated at considerable length and in eloquent terms on the immense advantages of the Mohawk Institution, and urged upon the Council their duty to make a grant annually from their own funds towards the support of the day-schools on the Reserve and of the Institution, which were conferring upon them and their ^ '' ■P I ' ' ' I il I!' i| KANYKNdA STATION. c'liililron Knrli hcncficiHl und lasliii^; hcncrMs. Ami I Hitwcroly luipi' tliiit liis I'orvt'in iipiiciil will Im' liciirlilv rt'Sjioiidcd In liy tlu* ('onncil. " As ilioCoimiiilti'i' woulil lilu' ])t'iliiijis to bn iiifDinicd of (lie iirnrciditi;,'^ of tliis iiiU'icstiii'i: tiu'ctinj;, I will ciidcaviiur ti» riniiisli (licm with a Itricf accduiil (liiMctir. " Mr. liiiird sjiid lie wmh deeply iiilercslcd in ilie welfare ol' the IiuiiaiiM, and felt tlie responsihiiity tlial devolved iipdii liitii in Ids present pnHitioii as Siiperinlomlent (leneral of Indian AHairH to do all in his power to jmnnoto their prosperity. Ho had paid them a visit to hoo how they were pro^jressin;.;, and was ])leased with tlie pro|)lyin>? them, and to listen to their fjrievances, if they had any, in order to redress them. "The Speaker inentiimed the ^jroat loss which they had sustained in connexion with the Grand Itiver Navij^ation Oompany. " Mr. Laird replied that he feared the loss mentioned was alto;;ether irreparable and irremediable. The Indians had been induced to take slock to a very lar^e amount in that company, but it bad proved a 'bad speculation ' not only to them ImiI also to their white brethren, and all thatco\ild now be done in tbr itter was to profit by the lesson which it had taught them, and to be nu)rc careful in future in the investment of their funds. "The Speaker complained about the settlement of the white jjcoplc on their Reserve. "]\Ir. Laird replied that such settlement was c(mtr.iry to law, and be was sorry to bear that, notwithstanding this, s(»ine of the Indians them- selves encouraged the settlement of white ))eo])le on their Reserve, by leasing their farms to them, which was contrary to the express regulations. AVIiite people ought not to be allowed to settle on their lands, and the ri'medy for ibis grievance was within easy reach, and in applying it tliey would have all the assistance needed from the Department. " The Speaker further complained abmit the unproductive state of some surrendered but unsold lauds. " In reply Mr. Laird said he would attend to this matter, and have a portion of them, at least, sold to the best advantage during the coming .summer. "The Speaker expressed the approbation of the Council with reference to the order in Council for the greater preservation of timber and wood. " JIv. Laird said be was pleased to receive the expression of their approbation on this inii)ortant matter; iuid although some parties did )t approve (U' that measure, be explained to them that it was perfectly ■4 not apprc just and right, and was intended for their good. * KANYKNUA HTATfoN. 41 [„. \\v.\i with II luilin"'*' lOWlT to iiiul t»l- IV view U^ d any, ii» Aliviucil in (lUoh'ftla'V (I to iiiU'^ veil a ' hw\ L'li, and *>'' oil wliii'li it a'stnii'iit oL' ptMipli' on uv, iiiul lit' \ns tiiiMO- li'sorvo, by .n;lllllti0US. Is, iuiil tlio iiig it they late of some ami have a the coming th rci'ovoncc and wood- on of theiv y)avties did fas perfectly ,.^.n; "Mr. Ijiiinl ai^'ain adilrcHscd llic Council in a vi-iy (Vicitdly iimnrxM', ami ;;iiv(^ tlii'iii soinr exi'i'llcnt advice on varioiiH Hiil)ieetH, inchulin;; ihn impoiliinl Milijcct ol' temperance ; ami alter iTccivin;; the tlianks of the Council, lie in;ulc |in'|i!initi()n lor returnin;^' with the llun. Mr. (-'hristie and the Ijocal SiipeiiiiliMiilent to jliantlord. " In Miiyiii;,' farewell, I lnok ilie opportunity of thanking' Mr. !, the Kanyenga I'arsonngo was struck })y bglitning, and tlu; roof set on i'wo ; and it was ordy after great e.verliuiis on tlu; part of Mr. and Mrs. Chance, and sonic of their Indi.m neighbonrs tli;i,t tlu; lire; was extinguished, The buihling, whieh was erected liy tlie Company in IHOO, being insured, rh(^ daiiKige cau-cd by the fire was i-epuii'ed at tlie cost of the Insurance Olliee. liightning condiu'tors have since becii Jillixed to both tlm Kanyetiga and (';iyiig;i I'jirsoiuiges, ;is ihey h;id previ"ii>ly been to tlie Mohawk Institution buihling. ♦ See ji. ."jj. i,d by the Special Committee in July and September, 1871,* were less successful than it had been hoped they might be in producing permanc^nt harmony and co-operation among sotno of the Company's Mission- aries and Agents on the banks of the Grand River. Ultimately, on 7th j\ larch, 1878, the Company discharged tho Rev. Jas. Chance from his engagemout with tlunn, continuing, however, both to him and to Mrs. Chance, their salaries up to the 2'.)rh Septinnber, 1878. The immediate occasion of this resolution v/as a news- paper correspondence of a very unseemly character on the * See Jleport 1.S71-2, p. 59— «i3, ami 8 1-.5. n KANYKNOA STATFOM. 43 voscut U\iv;il a vt^ry nod, of ulov(M» uldvesH by tlio lich liii^ frioiully lu largo )nnoxion 1870-7; njf been Ivia own a grant ^ ViKitod p Special s matters niontlis' ssion was of Mr. eo in m Jnly it had t liiirinony Mission- lisclmrgoil atli tluMii, mw, thuir "is a news- ker on tbe i-;iil)j('('t of'tlui iiHiml Missionary M(m'Mi)^, f(lll|mlly'^' !VlisMi(>H!irv n' I'l'^^ HlMlion, it. wiisi n'MolvptI, on lint Itnl df F.'lini.irv, I ST;?. Iluil. iiio Urv. K. .1. KoImmIm mIh.iiM Im- Miilliori/cd, iiH i-('(>nmin(Miilt'tl I'V Me. ( ', .1. IMoiiilifM. | In fcnl ill llu> ii!ini(> ol' IIip ('(Mii|iiiny lor m Icnii in>|. r\(MMMliii lioiis(< Mini Imiiu ciiIIimI H(>!ivi'r'M in I lie ( 'iiyiif^'ii. ilisliH'l, III ;i riMit no! ('Xt'CCililljr !'>H>(I ppr iiiiimiii. A Iriiiin of {ho !i«ms(< Miul 10 tiiTcv* ol' lli(> iHljniiiiniv ImikI Imviiijr hoow oltlniucil on lli('s(» Icniis, Mr. KoIktIm, willi liiH liiinily, vi'iuovctl iiil(Hlio ni'W pMrsoiiMijo on I lie hilli ol' (•cloln-r, 1S7.'>. nntl in n>|»ort iin:^ Ium riMn»>vnI ii lorl nij.^lil. Inlcf, lin s.'iys : — " Wo liKi' <'\o I'l.ii'o viMV nnii'li, Mini fnid il idomI roiivcninil. lor inir worl* ; no liiMuT sitimtiou I'ouM lie Hclci'tcd lor tlic ji;n'M(iii,'it!;i'." llMviiisr Ikvmi snl)S(VjiuMilIy !i(lviM('»l tliiil. Ili(< |)ro|Hli> liM'tiis, llic Conipsiny, on lli»> l^lli IVvtMnlxM*, lS7-'>, ix-'^vc Mr. Uoliciis luilliorily lo nc^o- tiiitt' lor iho ]Mir<'li!is(> ol'llu' lioiiso 'uul 20 ncrcM of IiiikI, miil in so ttM'uis to builtl s{onc walls round llic cellar (»!" llie luMiS(\ and make lliriH' stalls in llie barn. Sundry i-epairs auvl iinproviMnents to llie ])aisonn^e bt>inf^ r(M|iiire(l, tlic I'l^nipany. on (lie ISlli M.iy, ISTI, niad(> a i;-i-ant oi' CI 20 to di>tVay liieir »>stinia(e»l cost. Six days previous \o rennnMui:; to tlie nmv pars(Miat»'(\ Mr. Kobm'ts receivcul liis licence (o tlu> (-ayu_s^a Mission rrotii the l^ishop o( Huron, the lattcM* consentiii!^* to liicil it to llic * S<'t< Mm J), p. fiO. f Soi' Ucpint ls7l '-'. J). Ml. r'AVniA HTA'I'ION. 45 H»MMy ^> :w*\ <•*' uM <•" (MMMliu}'; l\iivln!>; rt rmiiily, \iil('v, !>'> ,M>I. I'OV '""' 1 to n»'<^ *1"" mission t't'o'ii •3 a s «1 •Hmii;;in(|it ) ii.in;i| ■|ll(| It'll |ll|IUlllll|ll.l -;iy i|.i,iiii(, ) |ii )iiii'piii y .^■. ^ |i|.i>| A|ii|i |ii:ii |i.i|i|A«l ■<) 1 H| ■u >< ,o 'm •H|.lii('|ii lii'l l( ( •||lllHWI|\j iiAiji II >|)ii!>( •>( "///f^i; •|ii.ii.'l j,j7J .Kl |IMl|,....n(,f 1^,;^ iiiiHti;iii|(| ■HjllAM,! "II'I'M •j|.).»M •;fll|)UMt( '(I.IIMI -pUDi'iy v>>1w.MAy ••M'.'f) •H-fi.JI •H.MI('.)1!...[, ■|'"!"'i| •|i.)H.iiij\; •p.llU.MJIIil ) •Hlllrl|l(i:}| g 2 ■J'!'*'^ •'".( i>/(l!.l.)Ay 01 O S •jjjfimnv^ "l'"IAV ^1 n •U()!ii![n(lo,| i(.)jni{,) •fisnotf -If)oi|.)x .10 'ri.JiiiijQ •«C >^ £ < J tm '^' 46 OAYIIOA STATION. Ciiyuf^fi and Onondaga Scliool sections as arrnnj^od by tlio Company in 1871.* Tlio particulars given on tlie preceding page, and which are extracted from Mr. ]^)l)erts' annual statistical report on the Mission to his IJural Dean, Canon Nellcs, will afford interesting information on its condition and the religious services, &c., provided for it during the y{>ar ending the 31st of March, 1871-. On the 22nd of April, 1871-, Mr. Roberts reported that George Bomberry, one of two Indian medical students, tlio expenses of whose education had been mainly provided for by the Company, hnd ]);issed his ])rimary examination in medicine at McGill College, Montreal, and that his conduct throughout his whole course had b(>en most exemplary. About a twelvemonth later, on passing through Monti'cal, when returning from a visit to I'higland, Mr. Koberts made inquiry of Dr. Scott, Professor of Anatomy at the College, with regard to Mr. Bomberry's conduct, and the progess he was making in his medical studies. Mr. Roberts reports : — " Tlie doctor spoko voi\y liiglily of him, and said lie was very atteiul/o to his Icctuirs, IIo also infoniu'd nio that Boinbony liad, at his primary cxaniiiiatioii last year, conu' out first in anatomy. 1 liave Ii'anit witliin the last tVw days that lio lias i)assod succossfully his final examination. lie is, therefore, now fully qualified to enter on the practiee of medicine, and 1 trust that some means may he devised to enable him to labour amonjj; his own peojjle on this Reservation, for I beli"ve him to be an ex- ceedinfjly clever younj; man, and enthusiastically devoted to his pro- ession. The sphere of tluty rcconniiended for him by Mr. Roberts was at the request of the Six Nations Indian Council, secured to him not long afterwards, and during the two years ending oOth June, 1878, he received from the Indian Department alone more than £300 for liis professional ser- vices on the Reserve. The Company's grants-in-aid of bis medical education during the years 187;3-1' amounted to ■I I.: *Stie Report 1871-2. pp. (U, 277. CAYUGA STATION. 47 fy tlio iitniuitl Canon ndition ng tlio m1 tliat nts, the (led for ition iu conduct iMnplavy. Toutroid, rts miido College, rogess he jports : — llttcUl'. /o is piiniiivy rnt within iuniiiation. iiu'ilifine, to liiliour :o bo an cx- to his pro- •. Robert:^ Council, r the two he Indian nonal ser- aid of his ountcd to .'p ilG5, making, with previous grants for tlio same purpose, a total of £285.* The other medical student I'eferred to on tlie preceding })ago was Mr. George Hill, to whom the Compnny had made grants to the amount of £150 for his professional education during tlie years 187U-2, but with much less satisfactory results than in Mr. Bomberry's case. A furtlier grant of .ioO was made him in October, 1873, after which year the allowance was discontinued. In liis Journal for the month of June, 1874, Mr. lloberts reported the receipt, on the IGth of that month, of a presen- tation Communion Service for the Cayuga Mission from friends in I'higlaud. He says : — Kith June. — This eveninnf we roceived, from a few fi'iends in Engiiind (and more especially from one young lady who has been an invalid for the last four years), a beautiful and valuable ))n'sent for this mission, viz., a silver communion service of the Camden i)atteru, enclosed in a stronj^ and elcifant box, on the lid of which there is a brass plate with the following inscription : — " Presented by the Christian friends in England " To the Cyyuga Mission, Six Nations Indians, " Diocese of Huron, 1874. " Rev. RoiiKKT James I^obkkts, Missionary. " W. Latham, " VV. J;ATIIAM, ) /-11 1 1 , ,. M Churchwardens. " J. lir.AVKR, j On ciicli of the three vessels there is an appropriate text of Scripture. The Flagon cost Chalice Plate Hox about Inscriptions £ s. d. 17 17 1) y (> 18 5 u . i ') £-4:3 4 * The Company rojifret to liave to report tliat Dr. IJonilK-rry died of cotisumptioii, after a liugerliig illiit'ss, on the liTtli of January, IN?!), at iho ago of thirty-one years. The ]{ev. Isaac liarr, in announcing his death, says: "The Indians seemed to centre tlicir allections upon liim, and he enjoyed their conlidence. He will be very niucli regretted, lie undoubtedly made good use of. the advantages he enjiyed lri,nj the Company, and developed good abilities." ;!■' :] 48 CAYUOA .STATION. 'I i At !i Coiirl of llic Comp.'Uiy, held on iho 12t1i of Ann-usf, 187 k tlio tliiinks of tlu! Court were li^ivcii to tlu^ donors of iho s(>rvic(', ;uul it was fcsolvcd tliat \\\c itis('i'ij)ti(iii tlicreon Lo (Mitcrod in lln^ luiuiitos. Ill till' luontlt of Si'j)tiMnl)('r, 1871', Mr. KuLcrts, witli tlio iij)|)rovul of the Conipjiuy, visited I'^iin^laud lor tiio bciKjfit of liis lu'idtli, the llev. Ailaiu I'iliiol, iuid tho Coinpjuiy'a otlicr AlissiouaricH on tlio Kt>s(M"vo, uiidcrtidi'n}^ lii.s duties at Cayugiv, as far as possil)l(>, in Ins absenco. llo attcMidiid two Tuoetings of tlio {S[)CH'ial Cofninittcc, and was consult(Hl by the latter on various niattcM-s connected with his Mission, and, amongst others, respiM'ting tlie roads and bridg(>s on the l{eservt>, with tlio object of urging the proper authorities to effect some imiirovemcnt ni tlieir condition. Ho also received from the Company a grant of iliO for repairs and improvements to the barn and stables attached to tho Cayuga Parsonage, and was authorized to purchase 10 ad(btional acres of the adjoining land from Mr. J. Beaver for <*ii>200. The pnrchasc-mouoy for Beaver's house and (HJ acres of land, cleared and vmcleared, was paid by tlio Company early in the following year. Hut tho Indian Council of chiefs refused the needful aurrender, which has never yet been made. Mr. Koberts ri>turned to Cayuga on the ()th of Marcli, 1875, aftc^r an absenco t>f about six months. Duriutr the next two years tlu> work of the Mission made steady progress, but nothing occurred that need be recorded here, except that Mr. Koberts's health began to fail him seriously at times, and was occasionally tho cause of some anxiety to the Company. In the month of April, 1877, tlu? Committee made him v- grant of i.5 towards tho establishment of a free lemliug library for the benefit of the adult Indians in the M'ssion, a o-rant to a like amount beiiHif at tlie same time mac' Mr,. Chance and ^[r. E, R. Roberts for a similar p -sc. 7t being found that tho library was much appreciat»v'd, a It- CAYUOA STATION. 40 lU finish, \0\'H of .hereon iUi ilio >n(!lit of 's otlun- itios J^fc ^nsulUnl Mission, i(lollhiif.rmi >7JP, i I n 4l L I) •PM iWi f \ i'i J , ■ j ■ ■ :1 u te. . .' , 1 51 %l vii. TUSCAIIORA RESERVE STATION. It bi'ing necossary for tlio Company to appoint a successor to the Rev. James Chance at Kanyenga, the Rev. Isaac Barr, Incumbent of Point Edward, Larabton County, who while on a visit to England had an interview with tlie Committee, on the 11th of May, 1878, with reference to the appointment, was, with the approval of the Bishop of Huron, selected to fill the vacancy, and took possession of the Kanyenga Parsonage on the 9th of J uly in that year. The departure of both Mr. Chance and ^Ir. R. J. Roberts from the Tuscarora Reserve, attbrded the Company a favour- able opportunity for effecting a re-distribution of their clerical staff at the Grand River; and with the approval of Canon Nelles, the Rev. R. J. Roberts, and Mr. Barr himself, the latter was placed in sole charge of the Kanyenga and Cayuga Stations, with the Rev. Albert Anthony as his curate. It was at the same time arranged that Mr. Anthony should occupy the Cayuga Parsoujige ; two rooms in the house being reserved for Mr. Barr's use when recpiired. Mr. Anthony accordingly removed from the Tuscarora to the Cayuga Parsonage shortly before Christmas. On the 27th October, 1878, a harvest festival was held in the Kanyenga Church, and the service, which was the first of the kind ever held on the Reserve, was numerously attended. The following extracts from a review of Mr. Barr's first year's work at this station, including as it docs the six months comprised in this Report, will be read with interest : — " The church service at Kanyenga throu<;jhout the year has heen largely attended hy orderly congregations, and considerable interest has been evinced by both old and young in tlie cause of religion. The pre- vuilin 4 iaxity of morals is one of the obstacles we have to contend against. I bav then lore, in my pulpit addresses, dwelt more upon the ethical ieiiuirt,.ients of the Gospel than upon the dogmas of Christianity. I ; ri)' ■; J;);; ■I !' ..«>.. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ^/ "z^^^. c ^^"^ ^ 1.0 1.25 no 28 |2.5 ui m 12.2 - m I" 1.1 f^-^IIM 1 1.4 1.6 V] /] ^l ^ / /A Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WeST MAIN STREET WnSISR.N.Y. M5«0 716) S72-4S03 > !| I 52 TUSCARORA RESERVE STATION. •' Tlie Sunda}' schools, both at Kanyenga and the out-stationr, are kept up, and I trust some good is being done by that agency. Jlrs. Barr devotes herself to the Kanyenga Sunday school, and has succeeded in woiking up a considerable attendance and interest in the minds of the children. " I have exchanged Sunday duties with my assistant, Mr. Anthony, from time to time, and have endeavoured accurately to acquaint myself with the state and needs of that part of the mission." The Visiting Superintendent's last Annual Report on the Indians of the Grand River Reserve, will be found at p. 121< of the Appendix. Industrial and educational statistics of their condition are also given at pp. 132-5. rh. : ,i'|V'i'..:( 53 vili. TUSCA.ROR.V RESERVE DAY SCHOOLS. The New Eiii^liinrl Company's endeavours, in 1872, to improve the odacation j^-iven at the Day Schools on tho Reserve (as well as at the Institution and Manual Labour School near Brantford) have already appeared.* For tho following five years the Company's Missionaries on tho Grand River continued their periodical examinations of tho School Teachers and reported tho results to the Company. In accordance with the recommendations of tho Board of Missionaries, the salaries of those teachers who had passed a satisfactory examination were increased at the end of tho year 1873. Early in the following year a grant of ^oi) per annum out of the interest of the *' Indian Fund," was obtained from the Department of the Interior for four of the teachers. Besides the teachers' fixed salary and other allowances above referred to, a system of addi- tional payment by results was introduced in November, 1876, by providing that the teachers should be paid, — (1st), a small capitation fee for every pupil's attendance in excess of a fixed average weekly attendance ; and (2ndly), half a dollar for each pupil on passing satisfactorily tho examinations held by the Board of Missionaries. From 1872 to 1878 half-yearly examinations of tho pupils in tho Day Schools were held by the Board of Missionaries, and the results of each examination were reported to the Com- pany. The following extracts from a detailed report, dated tho 18th October, I87t>, by the Board of Missionaries on tho * Report, 871-2, pp. 198, 106-1 IS, 123, 135, 142—151. il ''■ iil;^: \ ! iji: ■ 'I'fj t < ;• 54 TUSf'ARORA nKSKRVE DAY SCHOOLS. poiiornl condition of tlio Schools, will servo to indicate sotno of the difficulties which seriously impeded sonic of the Co?n- pany's efforts to improve tho Day ScIkxjIs on tlio Re- serve : — "All llh' schools worn oxtiminod except No. !(, wliidi had bocn closed for tlio last six months owiiij^ to llie want of a school-houso.''= Tlie lloiird hiivi! now niui^h pleasure iu reportin;,' that the sehool-housu is con»ph'l(>d and that tho school was reopened on the !Hh inst. " In forwarding? tho enclosed statistical reports of the exai.dnalion, the IJoanl wouhl express tlieir ref,'ret that they are nnnhle to stnte tliat any desirahle pro during the last half-year. It is the duty of the 15oard, however, in justice to the teachers, to mention some of the causes whi<'iihave operated a-^ainst tliat pro;,'ress. *• An epidemic prevailed in some school sections an\onj,'st the children that hindered them from attendinj? schocd ; then, tliere were the plant- ing and the in-gathering seasons, when nniny of the childr(>n were kept at home to work, and there was tho midsummer vacation, which was very uufavourahlo to satisfactory results at a suhsequent exa- mination. " Tho l>oard hy no means think that the parents are justified in keep- ing their cliildieii so fre(iuently away from school on tho ])lea that they need them to work, ftu' many of them are unahle to accom]>lis]i much cither in the garden or tlie held ; and if parents would he more in- dustrious thenisclvi's. they would he able to dispense with the little services their cliildnii can render them, and to send llieiii more regularly to school. The trutli is. with regard to nuiiiy of tliem, that they are lucking in the will to send their children regularly to sclnxd, and because thev have no ade(iuate sense of tho value of the educational advantajxes which are .so freely ollered to them. " TliosC children who have attended most regularly have made very fair progress, eiiual to that, perhaps, of wliite ciiildieii attending tho oonuuon schools of tlie provinces * * * ''Thel^oard desire tt) submit the following comparative results of the liXaminations in March and October. * It laid been destroyed by lire liidiaiiR tlieiiisclves. 1S75, and wa.-* nldiill by (lie V closptl liousL" is linatio". ■rtto tli'^t- ir. It is meuliou TUSCAROUA RESEUVE DAY SCHOOLS. nr, M 1 nreli Examination. October V xam. 8c 1 I. d •2 ^ as d 388 2 > s .05 1> It 1 w 6 Nunica of Teachers. c 6 35 IS • 713 20.37 -«1 2 Miss Croiiihie 20.42 15 3 Mr. .T.Powless 17 3(;8 20.ti4 22 381. 17. !.'» 3.1'J 8 4 Mi^s llowells 5 124 24.0S 8 104 20.0.') 4.03 U JIiss John 11 206 18.72 28 333 11. Hi) 0.83 17 6 Mr. G. Powless 37 10(J7 L'8.83 2<) 507 21.80 7.03 18 7 Miss ITviidu-.iiii 30 074 22. 4f; 18 332 18.41 4.02 18 8 Mrs. Hill 22 •1S9 22.22 \ Il- 270 llt.JH 2.91. 10 10 IMiss Qonioii 2I G2<) 20.20 ia 1 304 2338 2.82 10 " Tlic IJoanl would oxpress the deep sense wliich tlu^y possess of tlio •,'roat iKHiessity existiiij» i'or more stromious cllortsto promote inereasinj^ regularity and punctuality of attondancte in all the schools. Tht; rule established bj' the Comniittoe and made known amouf^st tlie Indians, with ref^urd to tlie a;.;e and standard of ac(iuirem»!nts for admission into the ^lohawk Institution, wliich nece.ssitat(>s attendance at tlie day- seliools on the Reserve, has operated favourably, but only to a limited extent. It is true that a ;.,'reater desire has been munifestt'd by some to have their children admitted into the Institution, but that is owinj,'])arlly to the admission of .so many from other localities, i)artly to tlieir needy circumstances, and in some measure to the elf rts of the missionaries in impressin;^ the miniit that desire on the part of souu; is lint so predominant and intense as to prompt them to maktf i;.iiy saerilice or continuous exertion for its attainment; it does not prevail to the extent of increasinj,', in any very desirable degree, regularity and punctuality of attendance of their children at the schools. Improvi- dence is characteristic of the Indians, and most of them think only about the present, and are not in the habit of making any jirudent preparations for future wants and exigencies. Many of them cannot look forward to the time in the futun; when it would be for tin; welfare of their children to be admitted into the ..lohawk Institution, and they do not send tlu.ni to school with the objt'ct in view of having iheni (jualitied for that purpose, but they send them to school cu' keei) them at home, according to their present convenience or pleasure, without Ixung iiiliuonced Ity in m l f i r 1 V ■: * -., ■ » "I . 1 ■■ i 'i '1 ii ll;- I J ' t 56 TUSCARORA RESERVE DAY SCHOOLS. any (luc rojjard forthoir futuro wdfiirn. Tlio interest of somo is excited l»y the notices fjiveu of the si'iiii-nnmial cKiimination of tlic scliools ; and if from any cause tlio interest sliould be dtveloped into a stroma desire to liave their childreu admitted into t\u> Mohawi; Institution, tliey will make a spasmodic effort to send tljeir chil(hvn to school ; and expect that tliey will receive certificates for admission, and a disap- pointment of their expectations operattjs powerfully aj,'ainstany renewed exertion. As regularity and punctuality of attendance depend upon the willingness and ahility of the Indians to obtain and rocei\e in- struction, renewed ellbrts must be made by all interested in tlieir welfare to impress their minds more deeply with a sense of t'le value of edu- cational advantages generally, and to urge them to greater industry, so that they might become more able and willing to send their children to school to enjoj' them." Among other minor difficulties not referred to in the above report, has been that of keeping the schools properly sup- plied with firewood during the winter months. The table opposite will show the number of children in the schools, and the average attendance of the pupils during tlie quarter ending the 30th June, 1878, when the manage- ment of the schools was transferred to the School Board of the Six Nations Indian Reserve. Official Returns on the condition of the schools for the year ending the 30th June, 1878, will be found in the Appendix, pp. 131-5. The difficulty of interesting tlio parents in the education of their children has now at length been in some degree surmounted. In November, 1875, the Special Committee appointed two of the Coinpany'.s Missionaries, the Rev. James Chance and the Rev. R. J. Roberts, together with Mr. Robert Ashton, the Mohawk Institution Supei-inteudeut, to be a Canadian Sub-Cununittee, to consider and re))ort on the best means of inducing the Six Nations Indians to under- take the maintenance of the several schools on the Tusca- rora Reserve, with power to confer with Lt.-Col. Gilkison, Visiting Superinteiuh'ut and Commissioner of the Six Nations IndiaiiS, and to invite him to attend their meetings. TcscAiroi.'A i;ksIsi;vk hay schools. O/ CO u n o CO O I— I O o m Eh W f^ o o w o 02 __J i -. * ; 3> « is o 3 ;-, o I— H ^^ N ^^ CO d 1 rH 'Si « rs •»f d 1-^ ei CJ i "* >5 ' CJ d lO (0 w « ^H 1-^ «-i CI • 00 00 o »ra o 6 1-H rH iH « ^'^ t>; 6 >5 M •* w o 91 CI IH I" «J d 00 »fl 04 CI r^ '* ta «I4 d l^ »o 00 eo rH CI rH •* Tji d -♦< o •—4 O i-t t-l PS •0 -'■» d « a 91 ^ M "5 O tc E < o d o H 00 I- n to a 13 f>i •i! / iii ill i !. m' is 58 TDSCAnOKA Ur.SKi;VE DAY SCHOOLS. Supported by mnny of tlio most intcllifjfont Indians, this Sub-Cominitteo (nidt'iivoiirod to induco.tlio cliiofs to respond to the SdlicitiitioiiHof tlie ('oinpjiiiy ; and after loii^ consider- ation of the subject, tlie eliiefs, in March. 1877, passed a resohition in their Council, to assume to themselves forth- with the management and supp(jrt of two of the Company's schools, and also a third school which had been supported by tho Wesleyan Ct)nfei'enco on the Reserve. Such an arrangement as this could not bo considered satisfactory. For thus tho Company and tho Wesh'yan Conference, after equipping and maintaining tho schools in a thorough state of efficiency and under proper inspection, were in effect asked to hand them over to tho inexperi- enced management of the Indian Council, without receiving any guarantee as to their proper management in future. Whilst urging tho necessity of the Council providing and granting material aid to the schools, the Company wished that the Indians should take part in the manage- ment, so as to bo gradually trained to assume tho entire management and support. T\iQ Company, therefore, proposed fi scheme which it was hoped would meet with Colonel Gilkison's approval and support, and commend itself to the Superintendent-General of Indian Atfairs. The suggestion was that the chiefs of tho Six Nations should be required to make a grant of at least fifteen hundred dollars per annum (tho Company at present con- tributing a like amount), for purely educational purj)()ses in the Company's nine day-schools on the llc^serve, and tliiil, all these day-schools should bo placed under tho manage- ment of a School Board consisting of — 1st. The Visiting Superintendent. 2nd. Three Indians. to be elected by the Council. 8rd. I^hi-eo oflicers of the New England ComjJMny, lo bo appointed by the Company. It was also suggested that the Wesleyar Conference m TUSCAItOKA IIKSKUVE HAY SCHOOLS. 60 iiiiirlit be iiiduccHl to j)liicn their schools on tlio Ht's(>rvt', iiinh'r the inaunL^cment of tho Hoard, provided thoy Imd li rcpresoiitiitioii at the JJoard commcusuruto with tho aim unit of their f^raiit. This siii^t^ostioti was coinminiicated by letter dated 1st Sopteinbor, 1877, from the Sub-Coiiunittee to Cohjiiel Gilkison,* and forwarded l)y the hitter to Mr. M. A. ^Meri'ditli, Depnty of tlie Nfinistor of the Interior. In ^fr. ^feredith's answer, dated Ottawa, 2nd November, 1877, he tlius instructed Colonel Gilkison : — "I iim (Urccti'il to inforinynu tlnil tlio sulijoct slnmld li<; 11,1,'iiiii l)roii;4lit bcfure tiic Six Nations Council, when you shouM rc'MimiiiciKl to tlitir fiivotu'iiMe consideration tlio proposition of the New l';n;^'!an(l Coniiniiiy in rt'^'ard to tlio future arraii^einoiit of the day-schools on the iJeserve, iiifonninj,' the Council iit the sanu! tiiiK; tinit the pinposed schenit; is njiproved of by tln^ Superintendeiit-Cieneral, as heiin,' fair in its )>ro- visions to the Six Nations. The Council shouhl al>o l)e iiiforiued that their proposal to nssuine the entire control of any of the schools, cannot bo complied with." In compliance with these instructions, CVjlonel Ciilkison promised to lay the matter before the Indian Council, upon the iirst favourable opportunity. Ho did so on tho loth February, 1878. On this day tho Council met to consider tho pi'opo.sition made by the Sub-Committee's letter of 1st Sej^tember, 1877. Colonel Gilkison and Mr. Ashton, as well as the Itev. J. Chance, the J{ev. \l. •). Roberts, and tho Kev. E. Hurlburt, were present at this meeting of the Council. There was also a larg'o attendance of chiefs urul warriors and women. Colonel Gilkison strongly urged the Council to accept the proposition. Mr. Ashton and all the ^lirssion- aries spoke in favour of it; but at tho adjournm(>nt, which took place, the rcssult was doubtful : the chiefs seemed to bo e(iually divided in opinion. At the adjourned meeting of the Jikh Man-h, 1878, the Council of the Si.v Nations Indians agreed to accept the * See Appendix, p. l*i''. V -2 \ , ;, I ^li' I I n I CO Ti;scAi;n|;A KKSKI.'VK DAY S<'ll() doultt, devolve upon the (Jeneral Jtoiird of Mana;j;enient, or Trustees — as they may he called — which will consist of tliree mimed liy this ("ouucil, three by the New Mn^'hiud t'oinpiiny, one liy the Conference, if it shall l»e<'ouu! a parly, and the VisitinLj Superintendent of the Six Nations. " Aft<'r further discussion : " The Council n<;rce to ^ivo .?1.")0(I per nununi. The Speaker of the Council rose, and announc<'d, hoth sides of the House aj,'ree, the OnondaLins concurrins,'. that, tiiis Council accept the prop()sition of the New Knujland Comjjany (contained in their despatch, dated 1st Sej)- temlier. aud read to tlie Council, v!:)th January last) suhject to the con- dition of the annual vole of this Conncil. " The Superintendent havin;^ read the above decision, it is conlirmeJ and approved hy the daincil. " The Superintendent warmly conj^ratulated the chiefs upon tlie result, and ill the name of tlie Cioveninieiit thanked them." T'JSOAKOriA KKSKUVK HAY SCMOOtH. 01 ,f lil'tfon •IiooIh in I on tlH5 1 at, after vs : — )rt'st'ni uv"" aiiOlVKt'J.y ■lioi.l s«>fli<>iis ,„jf,>ii\1^" (iK.nls, s»rl\i'«il Id.ninil r.niinl ji.h will (••insist liiiitl C'iinil>iHiy, Ll tlio Visilin;-; |Si>i'iili«'r t>f till' lusn n-^rf*'. till' |)iu)sitii)n (if ">'' 1 tinted 1st. Scl»- kj.'Ct It) tlic cou- I. it is coil linnoil upon tlie vos ult, Colonel (Iilkis(»ii's letter of ."Jili .liiiie, ls7H, ^mvo tlio Compiiny formal iiitiinat ion of this HiicceH.sful result, and milled : — " Tlif Sii|ifriiitciirpiirtnioiit, us limy iironiil with iirraii;^'fiiit>iits dt'lrriiiiiiod iipini, wldcli ynii will li(' pliasnl to su;,'t,'uitri| ; and tliat sipli liirtlur .stops may Lu takoii as iiiuy ho tlio pl(;ii,sunj of your C'oiiiiiaiiy. "* ]{i'l(itiv(? to tlio saliiry of tlio two teju;liers of tlio Metlioilist school at New Credit, the (-'oiiipany learned in July, 1878, from Mr. ilin-llmrt that the Indians pay the teachei-H out of their own money, and that the two bchools, supported by tho MothodiHt Missionary Society, are iti another part of tho Ueservo amon;.f the Mohawks, and that ho liad submitted a pro[)osition to the Society relative to this matter, but that up to tho date (jl' his writing he had not receiv(!d a reply. The lirst representatives of tho Company on this School Hoard were Canon Nolles, tho Rev. 11. J. Koberts, and Afr. Ashton. Thoso named by tho Chiefs to reproscMit tlin Council were ehicd's John Hill (a Soiuica), llichard Hill (a Tuscarora), and Moses Martin (a M(jhawk). A preliminary meeting of tho nowly-a,[)pointod School Board was held at tlu; Institution at 2 o'clock on 15th July, 1878, Kov. Canon Ni;lles in tho chair; present — Liout.-Col. Gilkison, llov. II. J. Roberts, Mr, Ashton, and chiefs John Hill, llichard Hill, and Mohos Afartin. After considerable discussion, Lieut. -Col. Gilkison and Mr. Ashton were ap- pointed to draw up a constitution to be submitted on tho 29th inst., to which date tho nieetint^ was then adjourned. * The arraiicr(!nioiit as to tlu' d,'i\ -hcIiohIs wiih snhniit tc. That the Socrehxrv recpiest tho New J''iiij,'land Company and the Indian l><'partn;eMt t«« i .lOsmit their j^raiits to tl.ie school fund pay f-alaries, etc., duo 1st of Junuary. April, July, and October. "I. T'-at application bo uv.uh) to tho Supcrintendeiil-Cienoral of Indiaij alliilrs to ^'raiii. aniuially, the sum of one thousand dollars for tli(! use of the iJoiird. towards salarii's, sclioid buildinj,'s, and other necessaiy expenses." It was then arranged that the Bonrd should moot at tho Council-house soon after tlio summer vacation, and then proceed to visit and inspect all the schools. The Special Coinmitteo of tho New Pngland Company in October, 1878, ap})roved with some slight modiiications the proposed constitution ; and these modifications were adopted by tho School Board on ]8tli December, 1878. Tho constitution, as thus amended, will bo found in tho A])])endix, p. 106. Early in tho year 1878, the Kev Isaac Barefoot liad been seriously thought of as Inspector of Schools under tho new Board — a post which, on account of his ability and energy, and great exj)erience as a teacher in some of those sclior)ls themselves and in the Institution, he would have been well TU8CAU0UA UKSKi:VK DAY S(,'MO()I,S. C3 (|ii!ilifit>il to iill. Hut ill Juno, 1h78, tlio Hisliop of Huron ((III li'uniiii^ that lio wislanl for itii iiuU'piMidt'iit jmrisli) appointed iiim to tlio full cluirgo of I'oint I'Mwnril, liumbtoii County, from the end of the iibovo niontli, in jilucc of tlu! Uov. Isaac Harr, on tlio resignation of the latter luul ivinoval with liis family to tho Kaiiyenu^a parsonage, on the Tuscaroni iJescrve, as the New lliii^'lund Company's Missionary there. This a])p()intment of Mr. llarel'ocjt to the parish of I'oint j'ldwanl was highly gratifying to thu memhers of the New I'liiglaiid Comjiany, although it necessarily disabled him from Injlding tho position of Inspector of tho duy-schools on thu Tiiscarora Keservo. In tho autumn of 1878 it was felt that I 'lO (inaneial cir- cunistances of the lioard would not as ye*^^ l).;ar thu expenso of an Inspector, but a hope was entertained that assistance might soon bo obtained from the Council of Ivhieation, with whi; li body ^Ir. Asliton was then in correspondence. In tho meantime, and at least till tho end of tho year 187cS, Mr. Ashton himself discharged the duties of Jnsjiector as far as he could, and prepared rogulations, time-tables, etc., for the uniform working and projier organization of all the schools, and by tho end of the month of October, hoped to be able to make a special report on this subject. On tho 27th of August, and in tho first ten davs of S^eptember, 1878, ^Ir. Ashton inspected all the nine schools to which the New England Company had contributed support, and he again inspected them on the 23rd and 24th October following, paid the teachers their salaries, and at each school- house placed an eight-day clock, a printed copy of the *' Regu- lations for Teachers and ruj)ils,"* a visitors' book, a supply of school materials, and school reports (weekly), entered into contracts for the supply of firewood (five ctjrds at ^3 per cord ready for use) at each school, and apjxjintcd the teachers to meet at the Mohawk Institution on Monday, 28th October, at noon. At this meeting of the School I3(»ard and teachers, * Sec Appendix, p. l:i(!. *. Wfi : I I Vi Gl. TUSCAUOIJA KESKKVE DAY SCHOOLS. addresses were delivered by the Rev. Canon Nelles, C^'air- man, and by Mr. Ashton, as lion. Secretary and School Inspector, On ])resonting each teacher with a " Course of Studies," and a " Time-'Lablo " for use in the Boai-d schools, Mr. Ashton explained them, and by practical illustrations \v the school-room showed how they were to be carried out. lie fjfavo a short lecture on the duties and responsibilities of teachers, and on the discij)liiie of the school, and proper modes of teaching. Miss Fislier gave a " language lesson *' illustrating the mode of teaching grammar to junior classes, and Mr. IJutcher followed with a lesson on " local geography, to show how the powers of observation and description could be developed and exercised.'* Mr. Ashton in con- clusion urged the formation of an association of teachers in Indian schools, for the purpose of mutual assistance and improvement, offering the privilege of meeting quarterly at the Institution, when model lessons would be given for their instruction. A vote of thanks was tendered him on the motion of the Hev. Isaac liarr, seconded by Mr. G. P. Hill (the former having, on the appointment of the Company, succeeded Mr. R. J. Roberts as a member of the School Bor^i'd). Mr. Barr heartily seconded the suggestion as to the teachers' association, " For," he said, " you must be as surprised and delighted as I am at the improved methods of imparting instruction which we have just witnessed, and must be fully convinced of the truth of the superintendent's words, ' that to employ, as teachers of the young, persons whose only qualification for the office consisted in their ability to pass a certain examination, was inflicting a cruel wrong upon the little ones, and degmding a profession that should rank second to none.' " i ^^■1=^ 65 ix. CHEMONG AND RICK LAKES STATION. In forwarding his accouuts for tho half-year omlinj^' the 30th of Juno, 1873, tho Rev. Edward Riddell Roberts reported tliat there had been an unusual amount of sieknesa among tho Indians at Chemong during the previous six mouths. He at the same tijno asked and ol)tained permission to execute some rath(?r extensive but necessary repairs to tho church and school-house, with reference to which he wrote a twelvemonth later: — " The repjiirs and improvements ivt the Cheiiion<^ chinch and scliool- house are nearly completed, and as the foundations and bodies of the Iniildinjis are quite yood, thoy are now ('([ual to new ediiices. Tliey h)ok well; you would be pleased to see the village in its present orderly and beautilied state." Peri^'ssion was also given him to build a boat-house at Chemong, for the protection of tho Company's boats on the fjake; it being stipulated by tho Committee that the material for the boat-house should be supplied on condition that the Indians undertook the work of building. In the autumn of the year 1873, one of the annual Wesleyan Camp Meetings for Indians was held on tho Chemong Estate, and was attended by four hundred Indians from neighbouring bands; but the disturbances and excite- inent occasioned by the meeting, appear to have been productive of undesirable results to the Indians of the locality. Since the publication of the last Report, communica- tion between the Compnny's stations at Chtjmong and Rice Lakes has been greatly facilitated by tho opening of the Coijourg, Peterborough, and ChemoJig Rniiway. Refer- ring to this subject, Mr. E. R. Roberts wrote on tho 25tli of September, 1871 : — " Last week it wa> ilecided to complete the Cobourg, Peterborough, '!!-: Mil ' GO CIIEMONO AND RICE LAKES STATION. and Chemong Railway without further delay ; work has commpnced again on it in earnest, and it is fully expected to be opened for traffic by next spring. This line passes along the east side of the Kice Lake lleserve, and there is a station with a post-office, &c., on the lakt-shore, named Hiawatha, opposite to the village of Harwood. At present there is some difficulty in getting to and fro between Chemong and Rice Lakes, but when the railroad is completed it will simplify and expedite the journey." The following extract from one of Mr. E. R. Roberts' letters will best show the state of the Chemong and Rico Lakes Mission at the beginning of the year 1875 : — "Chemong, " Fehi'uary Sth, 1875. "The past half-year has been unusually exempt from any notable event at Chemong, but rather characterized by peaceful industry and steady improvement ; and, on the whole, we have been more encouraged in our labours than at any previous time. The Indians have been temperate and chaste; they have pursued their respective employments as their inclinations and necessities have prompted them, and realized rather more than usual success. The fishing and hunting j-ielded an average remuneration, and more venison was taken than ibr some years past. The summer was very favourable for agriculture, and the Indians profited by it as well as others, both here and at Rice Lake. The Chemong band on the whole has been healthy; there has not been a single death, but there were many cases of slight illness, which received prompt attention, otherwise, some of them would probably have proved fatal. By administering suitable medicines in time, and by having medical attendance when necessary, much suffering is prevented or alleviated, and life prolonged. " There were six births during the past half-year. "The number of the band when I cam-} to Chemong in 18(59 was 117; it is now 172. The Rice Lake band was then larger than the one here (though I do not know the exact number) ; it is now 93." On the IGth of February, 1876, Mr. Babb, a builder, of Pcterborcngh, Ontario, attended a meeting of the Com- mittee, and gave some useful information respecting the Chemong Estate. In the course of the ensuing summer some necessary repairs were done to the Ciiemong mission-house and cukmung and rice lakios station. G7 school-liouso ; and in the following year a now sheep-house was built, at a cost of about £18, with reference to which Mr. E. R. Roberts remarked, on its completion, that " for suitability, convenience, and comfort, it is admired by all the farmers who visit us.'* In the month of May, 1876, the Committee made special inquiries of Mr. E. 11. Roberts as to what, in his opinion, could best be done " for the elevation of the condition of the Indians on the Rice Lake Estate/' Mr. E. R, Roberts, in his reply, dated the 14th July, 187(3, after mertioning incident- ally that he had known the Indians of the district somewhat intimately for nearly thirty years, makes the following remarks : — I, " It is. of course, undorstood tliat secular educiition and relii^ious instruction must be diligently maintained and jn-onioted by the wisest means that can he devised. And yet education is not in all cases an unmixed good to the Indians ; while they are much improved mentally, their acquirements are abused, their knowledge in writing, &c., is pe - verted to artful knaver\', and their disposition is deteriorated hy conceit and suspicion ; producing contention and disruption in the band to which they belong, and alienation from their best I'riends, while in some instances it degenerates into deep enmity. These characters are happily few, but tiiey do much harm in the villages where they live. More generally the educated Indian does not value his privileges, or follow them up for the iu'provement of his condition, so that their education is lost ; nor does it help them in any business ; I have not yet known an Indian manage well in commercial transactions ; when they attempt it, they always bring themselves and others into ditKculty. Those eases in which true religious principle is grafted on an improved intellect, their character is excellent, amiable, and attractive. Anxious as we are to promote the higher civilization of our Indians, and therelbre, as it might he supposed, increase their happiness, they are not objects of pity. This is a mistake that those who are only slightly acquainted with them fall into. On the whole the}- are more intelligent and happy, and much more refined, than people of any other nationality of the same rank in life. They are contented with their condition (too much so), they prefer their own mode of life to any other, and I believe would iu)t willingly cliMUge their circumstances for what their white friends might consider better. The further improvement of the band here has often been u n i i 1 (!• i .i r'.i ; :l\ i b ' 08 CIIEMONO AND RICE LAKKS STATION. RuLject of anxious and prayerful thought to me. But I can think of nothing that could be done for them jnore or better than is now in operation with fair success ; until by a higlier appreciation and dili- gent use of the advantages now afforded, they become prepared for full citizenship and independence. I know of nothing that can be wisely withdrawn, nor an3thing that can be judiciously added, except as exigencies may require; their state of infancy is past, they now need to be weaned from child-like dependence to more manly self- reliance. But the question itt present more particularly pertains to the Rice Lake Band, and the land on which they are situated. I have before intimated that if the estate had been deeded to the Companj^ so as to be under your full control, the establishment of an institution there, similar to the one at Chemong, would have been the best arrange- ment possible; the mere passive influence of which has a salutary, restraining, and elevating influence on the people. ]3ut as it is, the Government will be the best guardians of that valuable property ; far better than the trustee system, which has certainly proved a failure, and must do so. Even what I have done, as the only acting trustee of late years, has been extra-judicial. The Government can act more promptly and elRciently in all cases than a Board of Trustees, as they have all the machinery in readiness, — and with more just and necessary severity, in cases of depredation, without exciting personal animosity and revenge, I do not think anything more can be done for the Bice Lake Indians by the Company, as the matter now stands, unless a resident agent was stationed there, to superintend their affairs. And then his work would require rare wisdom, unbounded patience, and delicate discrimination. Tliere is (you know) a resident Methodist minister there, and a school maintained (so far as the Indians are concerned) by the Conference. There are only four men who can be said to farm their land ; some of the others raise a little crop, but all the other lots are in a state of lamentable neglect, or rented to the surrounding white settlers for a trifle, which, however, must always be paid for in advance. The fishing is not as good in the Rice Lake as with us, in the ' back lakes,' and few fur-bearing animals are caught in that neighbourhood. The Indians live principally by basket-making, ornamented bark boxes, working out with the farmers occasionally, gathering rice in the seiison, and camping near the front town^i, wiiere tiiey get well paid in food and clothing for •Indian work.' Mcst of the houses of the village (as I have before intimated) are in a very dilapidated state, except those of the four who farm well, and are in comfortable circumstances. Frequently two families live in one house, which is the case also at Chemong still, in a few instances (but this evil I have greatly diminished here) ; the families have however generally their own apartments, and are only promiscuously CUKMOXa AND U\CE LAKES STATION. GO vould it ion. lool ence. o£ of or a bing d few dians g out nping ng for before ir who two !o(l<»cd w-nn their friends or other visitors come to stay for some time from other bands. Tiieir inveterate love of camping (wliether hunting or not) induces objectionable crowding together." Partly in cunseqiu'iico of tluTO bein<^ a I'osidt'iit Methodist Missionary at Rice Lake, and no portion of the KiOO acri'3 of land there being under the Company's control, its ex- penditure at Rice Lake, beyond that incurred by the occa- sional visits of Mr. E. R. Roberts to the Mission, has for several years past been limited to a grant of ^oO per annum for agricultural prizes. Abstinence from intoxicating drinks has been promoted in various ways on the Chemong Estate, as at the Company's Kanyenga and Cayuga Stations. Writing on the 2Gth of February, 1877, Mr. Roberts says : — " We have had a Band of Hope organized for some years, and in very successful operation for the young people. Nearly every child in the village is voluntarily pledged to abstain for life from intoxicating liqnors and tobacco. Meetings are regularly held in which the children are trained to take a part, which also developes their native talent for singing and elocution. In these exercises they manifest a lively iTitercst." In the month of April, 1877, the Committee made a grant of £5 towards the establishment of a free lenamg library for the Indians at Chemong ; and subsequently had the satis- faction of hearing from Mr. E. R. Roberts that the books obtained with the grant were much appreciated and read. In the following July, Mr. George Crook, the Superin- tendent of the Chemong School, having resigned, Mr. Walter Kidd was appointed to succeed him, his wife under- taking the duties of matron. Reporting on the state of the Chemong Mission during the year 1877, Mr. E. R. Roberts, on the 15th of February, 1878, wrote as follows : — Chemong, " lot/i February, 1878. " During the past j'ear the state of the Indian community has been favourable, and the general improvement satisfactory. On the whole in I ?. !li P! I \ I 70 CIIKMONO A\T) IMCR LAKHS STATION. there has been less sieknoss lli.in in llic siirroiin(l!n<» fontitry. Tntoni- ppi'iince hns been ahnost entirely unknown ; only two cases, and those hut once each of sli)j;lit inloxicatiou, liavo come to my knowli(l;;e. The morality in otlier respects lias hei-n e>:em|>lary. The Indians are iiu)re induslrious, nnd have sufficient food and clothing;; hut they are satisfied with present supplies, and do not yet show mucdi desire.or make much ell'ort to improve their condition in the future ; while well, they are content and happy, b>it when sickness or age incapacitates them for work, they become very hopeless and dependent. Nor have I been able to reform their inveterate hahit of incurring debt, to which they set no limit, thouf^li without any intention of fraud. I have assisted some (by directing; the maujif^ement of their affairs) to pay many hundred dollars of old debts. This evil is universal among the Indians ; lately the Urantford Band borrowed ten thousand dollars from the (Jovernmeut to ])ay old debts, and an agent was appointed to investigate the claims before paynitnt. " During the past year one very aged woman died ; four middle-aged Indians died from consumption, and three infants died. There were seven births. The attendance at the school has been larger than at any former period ; the school-room is crowded, and requires some aditional provision for the dinners, and nu)re clothing ; hut we endeavoiir to be as economical as possible, and more than i)roportioiiate good is done. All the children attend the Sunday school, in which they take encouraging interest ; and the general religious services are well attended. The present generation of children are much uu)re promising in every respect than that of ten years since, when we came to Chemong. Tlios<.> who follow us, we have reason to hope, will reap good fruit from the pres<;nt lu tlio last of his letters for the year 187S, he reports : — " The whole of the community is in good health and condition at present. Winter appears to have set in. The Fall, since wheat harvest, luus been exceedingly stormy — retarding work, and making it nmch more costly for all farm operations. But we have much reason for gratitude that the band and the village has escaped many and costly disasters, which have befallen other parts of the country, not far distant from us." Mr. E. R. Roberts having requested permission to have a new scow built during the winter of 1878-9, the one in use being worn out, and costing much to keep it in working ordcA" for a horse juid cattle ferry a mile long, the Committee on the :28th of November, 1878, made him a CUKMONO AND RfCE LAKKS STATION. 71 ^'mnt for the purpose, nncl a new one has accord in irly been built, at a cost of £1(> 10.s-. « The Visiting Suporintotidont and Connnissionor's Aumvd I?<>P'>i-tH for the years 1873-1, 1871-0, and 1875-7, on the Mississjio-uas of Chernonrr and Kice Lakes, and on the Indians generally of the Central SnperintiMidency, for the year 1877-8, will be found in the Appendix, pp. 1 27—1. 'J 1. School statistics and oth(;r official returns concel■nin^r the Indians of this Station are given at pp. 1 32-5. t a if;:i ' c tun II S; r* 1. i--;. 1 . lli i iilMyi 72 X. liRITISlI COLUMBIA. On the 4th of October, 1870, two grants of £50 per annum each, were made by the Company to the Bishop of Columbia towards the salaries of teachers at schools for Indians and pagans at Cowichan in Vancouver Island, and at Lytton on the mainland, near the junction of the Fraser and Thompson rivers.* The grants for the first of theso three years were paid in October, 1870; but no cljiini being made for either of the grunts for the two following years, and no report on the schools being sent to the Company, it was resolved at a meeting of the Special Committee on the 3rd of February, 1873, that the grants for these two years should be rescinded. Application was made by the Arch- deacon of Vancouver Island on the 27th Apnl, 1877, for the renewal of the grant, but the Committee were compelled to decide that until they had received a report on the con- dition of the schools at Cowichan and Lytton, they could not entertain an application for any further contribution. With these exceptions, the Company had no transactions in connexion with British Columbia from the close of 1871 till the arrival of the Eev. li. J. Eoberts in Vancouver Island fi'om Cayuga, on the 13th September, 1878.t On lauding at Victoria, Mr. Roberts at once put himself in communication with Lieut. -Col. Powell, the Visiting Superintendent and Commissioner of the Indians in Van- couver Island and neigh boui-ing parts of the Province of British Columbia, with the view of obtaining information as to the best locality in the island as a centre for Missionary Avork, and the Indian village of Comox on the east coast of the island being recommended as an important central ♦ History and Rqioit, 1871, p. 220; Report, 1871-2, p. JOt. t See p. 50. IJUITISH COLUMBIA. /O point, and ono visited by a largo number of Coast Indians, Mr. Roberts settled at Comox on the 17th of September, and remained there until the end of the year, availing him- self of the opportunities afforded him for Missionary work among the Indians in the neighbourhood, while the Com- pany madu him a grant for his maintenance, pending the receipt of further information as to the expediency of es- tablishing a permanent Mission in British Columbia under Mr. Roberts* charge. The Company are glad to report that Mr. Roberts' health has greatly improved since his removal to a milder climate than that of Ontario. P It d and addressed the Committee in support of it, stating that if sufficient funds can bo raised, it is intended to establish a fifth school on the Reserve. The Committeo thereupon resolved to make a grant of £25 towards the erection of the pro- posed now school, and a further graiit of £50 for the year 1880 towards tho salary of tho teacher, any further grants to be contingent upon tho receipt of satisfactory yearly reports. Sufficient funds have since been raised for tho erection of one of tho proposed scliools, and the building will bo commenced without delay. i;! ■1 1 ■ '•\u 1 :i:f^ \ lent Ince the of leir liave Inds g2 70 xii. WALPOLE ISLAND. During the last six years the Company has made four grants of £10 \0h. each for prizes at the agricultural show held annually in the autumn, for the encouragement of agriculture among the Indians of this Reserve in the county of Kent, Ontario. The following is the Rev. Andrew Jamieson's report on the last annual show, with an accouut from a local newspaper : — "Walpole Island, " 10/A Oct., 1878, " My dear Sir, — Our agricultural show came off on Wednesday, the 25th of September last, and enclosed I send you the prize-list. Our local superintendent of Indian affairs was present, and kindly acted as one of the judges. Being a practical farmer himself, ho was able to give us some seasonable advice. He expressed himself pleased with several samples of grain, but said that some of the wheat was very much shrunken, owing no doubt to the intense heat of the summer. Our fruit he especially com- mended as being equal to anything of the kind he had seen anywhere. The cattle, however, he thought rather inferior, and advised the Indians to pay more attention to the rearing of good stock, at the same time giving them some valuable information as to the improvement of the same. " These annual shows are evidently doing good ; they stimulate the Indians — making them more industrious. Last year they raiiied, fur them, a large quantity of wheat. Several of them have granaries on their premises, and it is very pleasant on entering them to see the bins filled with wheat, barley, and oats. " The cheque kindly sent to me realized ^50.17. The amount expended in prize money was §G5, or thereabouts. " I remain, " Yours faithfully, "Andbew Jamieson. " Enclosed I also send you a very truthful notice of our show, taken from the ' Sarnia Observer,' a local paper. — A. J." " Agbicultubal Show at Walpole Island. "On the 25tli ult., the Indians of Walpole Island held their annual show. The exliibition was, in many respects, highly creditable. It !;■ \ WALPOLE ISLAND. cviiict'd very plftinly the f?enoral fertility ol' the isiiiiul, and the inereiwiinj industry of the inhabitants. " The Kxhibition waa established in the first place, and has since been kept up solely through the exertions of the llev. A. Juniieson, the Church ol" Enj^lund Missionary on the island. "The day was favourable, and there was a good tuni out of the natives, both male and female, with a fair portion of their white friends from both sides of the river. The horses and cattle exhibited were not exactly such as would have taken prizes at the Toronto Fair. Tliere were, however, a few good animals of their kinds. There were a large number of samples of grain, some of which were very good. Three (>r four samples of fall wheat, and two or three samples of barley were of very good quality. Indian corn, both the ordinary white and yellow, and Ohio, was well represented, some of the samples being largo and handsome. There were also some choice samples of buck-wheat and white peas. Oats were inferior. A great number of varieties of beans were exhibited. There were five or six varieties of white beans, or shades approaching to while, and certainly at least a dozen varieties of speckled and coloured beans of all sorts and sizes. In the class of root.. ol (lio {\\n\\H lire pn'tly well cnllivuli'tl, iiiitl ii liiip<(|iini\lil.v <''""' "linrmit vivricticH ol" t'linu i>n>(liu'(> wiiH rnirtctl timing (lie pnHt MtMiHuii. 'I'lic iHlnml is vory I'orlilo, luul il' Ilinroii^Iily lilltnl wtmld Hiipjiorl n lm>r(> |)()|iuliiv. A..lMniioHon (llicl'linifli of Knglinul Missionary on tln> islaml). and l>y Icailin^f l voloran MiHsionnry, Mr. Juinit'Mon, who i)ri'ai'ln>i» to Uio li\>iiann in Ihoir own lan^fnajfo. " Tlioro i« al»o a soliool-bonso, in wliifli a wliool \h maintained llirongli- ont the year, Ihough I i«in norry (o say ilial llie allt'ndani't'. i'H|)('('ially lor tlio last (piarlor. lias boon vory Nniall. 'l'\w larj^cr portion ol'tho salary of tho toai'hov of Ibis soluxd is paid by tho Cliurt'b Minsion. " l\»TTOWATTOMlK» OK \V ,\ M-OLK Isi.ANP. '* Tlii'so ludiinis n\in»K'r about loT. 'l'lu>y oivnpy a line portion oftlio isl;u\d. and a nnnibor ol" tlion» bavo tboir TarniH in a tolcrabli" slate of cnllivation. Tboir erops ol" t bo past soiison woro vory good. Tlioy bavo a sobool svjj>portod by tlio Motliodist Society, wbiob is well attended, and apparently otlieiontly tanj^bt by an Indian toaelior. Tbey are nineb in want of a view sebool-bo\iso. and bavo one now in eonrse ol' ereetion. Tbey liave alsti a resident Methodist IMissioiuiry among them." Ajj;rii'uliur;il nml otlun* stntislii'sof {hv IikIImiih of \Viilj)olo Island will bo {omul iu tho A|)i)ciKlix, |ij). 132-o, /'.» xiii. MIDDLKSKX OOUNTY. During (ln< |)iihI, hIx yciirH ilic (Joinpiiny Imih irifulr^ a f/r»uii In l,\vi> iiiHlil.iil.iuiiH ill iJid roimt-y of Middlcunx, Ontario. 'I'lir (Ii'hI. oI" llicHn ^fiinl.H wiih in tiid (if ii. Ht^liool (or tlio IndiiiMM nl Miiiiccy Town. Haviiifj^ liccn inronncd l»y Mr. Anlilon, on liis |iroviHi(»niilly n,diiiillin|^ iJircn lioyn I'rotri Miiiic{d that having ohtainccj a jj;v;ii\t for tho Hcliof)! ofl)fir)() por aniMirn I'rorn tho (Minrc'h So(;ioty of tins DioocHO of llnron, ho had onf^'ii|^(!d an Indian ictirhcr, and t'nat th(;ro W(!ro already forty scliolarM, with an average, attcinhinco <)f thirty-live. On the 2Hth of Aup^nHt, 187<>, lio wrr^to to Hay that tho school was [)rof^r(!HHin^^ favour!i,ljly, sinco whicli dato n(> I'lirtlKn* rcfiort lias been received. Th(f ('oinpjuiy's other f^rant in connexion with th(! county of Middlesex was mjidc on tlii; ^rd of Oetober, I87i, whf;n tho IJishop of lliinjii, in whose diocosr; tin; (yonipany'.H Grand Kivor Stations arc situated, attended a tncotin^ of tho Corn- niittco, and applied for a ^rant in aid of tho fund boinf^ rais(;d by him for tho foundation of a university at London, to bo called tho Western University of London, and intended N if. 80 MIDDLESEX COUNTY. for the training of both Indian and white students for the ministry of the Church of England in Canada. In response to the Bishop's appeal, it was resolved that a grant of £100, payable by four annual instalments, should be made towards the fund, which has already reached a considerable amount. 81 i xiv. SASKATCHEWAN. On the 9th of July, 1874, Dr. J. McLean, the Bishop of Saskatchewan in the North-West Territory, who was then on a visit to England, applied to the Company for assistance in providing schools and school teachers or catechists for the benefit of the Indians in his extensive diocese, comprising, it wns stated, about thirty thousand who were still heathen. The Company's funds being preoccupied, they were unable to make any permanent grant for the purpose ; but a sum of £50 was placed at his lordship's disposal to bo applied according to his discretion for the benefit of the Indians of the diocese. The Bishop subsequently reported that he had used the money towards the expenses of carrying on a training school on a small scale, and that although he was obliged to give up the effort for want of means, it was carried on long enough to train two half-breed natives of the counti-y to act as schoolmasters to Indian children, and that they had done some good work in that capacity. 82 XV. NEW BRUNSWICK. In the yoar 1868, the Company made a grant of £50 to the Rev. Edmund Hillyer Duval, a Baptist minister and Provincial Inspector of Schools, St. John, New Brunswick, towards the improvement of freed negroes at Loch Lomond, near the City of St. John.* On the 1 st of June, 1877, Mr. Duval reported on his appli- cation of the grant as follows : — " Loch Lomond, " New Brunswick. " You will see by the lapse of time (nine years) that 1 have not ex- pended your money lavishly, for I have determined from the beginning not to encourage a system of begging among the people, but to teach them to rely upon their own exertions, assisting them only in cases of decided distress or exigency, and that principally among the aged people. ** Below I give the specific objects in which the money has been spent. " Books and rewards for school ?9-40 Grant towards teacher's salary 2000 Repairing and finishing school-house 70-32 Clotliing to poor people .... 18-74 Food and medicine .... 90ol Seed potatoes 12-65 „ oats 9-10 Sewing circle among the poor females . . 1360 §?244-32" On receipt of Mr. Duval's report, the Company, on the 28th June, 1877, made him a further grant of £20 for the benefit of the poor blacks in the province of New Bruns- wick; but no account of itii expenditure has yet been received. See llcport, 1868, p. 77. till 83 WEST INDIES. JAMAICA. The Company's grants, in connexion with the West Indies daring the years 1873-8 have been restricted to assisting Mr. Derwent Waldron to pursue his medical studies at the University of Edinburgh. The last instalment of the grant of £50 a year for three years, which the Company made him in 1870* was paid in the month of January, 1871, shortly before which Mr. Waldron passed his first professional examination, the sub- jects being botany, chemistry, and zoology. On being informed that the medical course at the University was four years, and that want of means had interfered with Mr. Waldron's progress since his first examination, the Com- pany in 1877, after receiving a satisfactory report of his conduct from the Professor of Medicine, made him another grant of £50, and in April of the following year had the pleasure of hearing that he had passed his second Univer- sity examination, the subjects of which were anatomy, physiology, pathology, and materia medica. On receipt of this intelligence, the Company made him a further grant of £50 to enable him to prepare for his final examination in lS79.t * History and Report, 1871, p. 231. t On the 2nd of April, 1879, tlio Company made Mr. Waldron a grant of £25 towards his expenses at the University of Edinburgh during tlio current half-year, and in the course of the ensuing summer he passed his final examination, his paper in Medicine being higlily commended by the Professor of Physic. On the 1st of August ho took the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Master of Surgery ; and, on liearing of the successful termination of his University career, and that he proposed to continue his studies for a short time at one of the London hospitals before returning to Jamaica, the Company, on the 28th of August, 1879, made him a further grant of £25, which raised the total amount of the Company's grants for Mr. Wuldrou's medical education to £300. 1 1. ; !.! 85 111 APPENDIX. THE INDIAN ACT, 187G. As mnondod by " An Act to amend ' Tlio Indian Act, 187G.' " 42 Vict., chap. 34. [15th May, ls71).] 39 Vict., chap. 18. [12tli April, 1870.] An Act to Amend and Consolidate the Laws iiEsPECTrNO Indians. "WiiEEEAS it is expedient to amend and consolidate the laws respecting Indians ; Therefore Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Coiumous of Canada, enacts as follows : — 1. This Act shall be known and may be cited as " The Indian Act, 187G ; " and shall apply to all the Provinces, and to the North West Territories, including the Territory of Keewatin. 2. The Minister of the Interior shall bo Superintendent- General of Indian Affairs, and shall bo governed in the super- vision of the said affairs, and in the control and management of the reserves, lands, moneys and property of Indians in Canada by the provisions of this Act. Prcambla. Short title unil cxtoiit of Act. Supcrin- to'iil'-nt- OeiKTul. ; 1 |l| ' 1 n ■' « i -'■U '■ 1 TERMS. 3. The following terms contained in thi.s Act shall be held *^p,a""'p _ " _ ansiffnwl to to have the meaning hereinafter assigned to them, unloHs such tprms in meaning be repugnant to the subject or inconsistent with the context : — 1. The term "band" means any tribe, band or body of^*"^' Indians who own or are interested in a reserve or in Indian lands in common, of which the legal title is vested in the Crown, cr who share alike in the distribu- 86 APPEXDTX. f I. ' Irregular buiiu. Indians. As to illcgi- tiinutcs. Absentees. Woman marrying other tlian au Indian. tion of any annuiticB or interest moneys for which tlio Government of Canada is responsible ; the term " The band " means the band to which the context relates ; and the term " band," when action is bein{» taken by the band as such, means the band in Conneil. 2. The term " irregular band " means any tribe, band or body of persons of Indian blood who own no interest in any reserve or lands of which the legal title is vested in the Crown, who possess no common fund managed by the Government of Canada, or who have not had any treaty relations with the Crown. 3. The term " Indian " means First. Any male person of Indian blood reputed to belong to a particular band ; Secondly. Any child of such person ; Thirdly. Any woman who is or was lawfully married to such person ; (a) Provided that any illegitimate child, unless having slvired with the consent of the band in the distribution moneys of such band for a period exceeding two years, may, at any time, be excluded from the membership thereof by the band, if such proceeding be sanctioned by the Superintendent- General : (5). Provided that any Indian having for five years con- tinuously resided in a foreign country shall with the sanction of the Superintendent-General, cease to be a member thereof and shall not be permitted to become again a member thereof, or of any other band, unless the consent of the band with the approval of the Superintendent-General or his agent, be first had and obtained ; but this provision shall not apply to any professional man, mechanic, missionary, teacher or interpreter, while discharging his or her duty as such : (c) Provided that any Indian woman marrying any other than an Indian or a non-treaty Indian shall cease to be an Indian in any respect within the meaning of this Act, except that she shall be entitled to share equally with the members of the band to which she formerlv THE INDIAN ACT, 187G. 87 belonged, in the annual or semi-annual distribution of their annuities, interest moneys and rents ; but this income may bo commuted to her at any time at ten years' purchase with the consent of the bund : ((/) Provided that any Indian woman marrying an Indian Marrying of any other band, or a non-treaty Indian shall cease ][|,jia[,'s."^ to be a member of the band to which she formerly belonged, and become a member of the band or irregular band of which her husband is a tncmbor : (e) Provided also that no half-breed in Manitoba who Aa to hall- has shared in the distribution of half-breed lands shall be accounted an Indian ; and that no half-breed head of a family (except the widow of an Indian, or a half- breed who has already been admitted into a treaty), shall, unless under very special circumstances, to be determined by the Superintendent-General or his agent, be accounted an Indian, or entitled to be admitted into any Indian treaty ; and any half-breed who may have been admitted into a treaty shall be allowed to withdraw therefrom on refunding all annuity money received by him or her under the said treaty, or suffering a corresponding reduction in the quantity of any land, or scrip, which such half-breed as such may be entitled to receive from the Government. 4. The term '* non-treaty Indian " means any person of Non-treaty Indian blood who is reputed to belong to an irregular band, or who follows the Indian mode of life, even though such person be only a temporary resident in Canada. 6. The term " enfranchised Indian " means any Indian, Knfran- his wife or minor unmarried child, who has received Indian, letters patent granting him in fee simple any portion of the reserve which may have been allotted to him, his wife and minor children, by the band to which he belongs, or any unmarried Indian who may have re- ceived letters patent for an allotment of the reserve. 6. The term " reserve " means any tract or tracts of licscrvp. land set apart by treaty or otherwise for the use or mi\ ■;: f ;' r\ '!^ I ; f .'.,-' V' m • ■ • 'i- SpocittI lioservo. Indian liuuls. Intoxi- couls. 88 APPENDIX. benefit of or granted to a particular band of Indianp, of which the legal title is in the Crown, but whii-h in unsurrendered, and includes all the trees, wood, timber, soil, wtone, minerals, metals, or other valuables thereon or therein. 7. The term " special reserve " means any tract or tracts of land and everything belonging tliereto set apart for* the use or benefit of any band or irregular band of Indians, the title of whicli is vested in a society, corporation or community legally established, and capable of suing and being sued, or in a person or persons of European descent, but which laud is held in trust for, or benevolently allowed to bo used by, such baud or irregular baud of Indians. 8. The term " Indian lands " means any reserve or portion of a reserve which has been surrendered to the Crown. 9. The term " intoxicants " means and includes all spirits, strong waters, spirituous liquors, wines, or fermented or compounded liquors or intoxicating drink of any kind whatsoever, and any intoxicating liquor or fluid, as also opium and any preparation tliereof, whether liquid or solid, and any other intoxicating drug or substance, and tobacco or tea mixed or compounded or impregnated with opium or with other intoxicating drugs, spirits or substances, and whether the same or any of them be liquid or solid. 10. The term " Superintendent- General" means the Superintendent-General of Indian aftairs. 11. The term " agent " means a commissioner, superin- tendent, agent, or other officer acting under the in- structions of the Superintendent- General. 12. The term " person " means an individual other than an Indian, unless tlie context clearly requires another construction. RKSEHVES. Rpsorve 4. All reserves for Indians or for any band of Indians, or this Act" ^^o^<^ ill trust for their benefit, shall be deemed to be reserved Suporin- ti-iidfiit- Geiicrul. Agt'ut. Person. It. i \ TlfK INDIAN ACT, 1870. bi) le in- thun bther IS, or korvod and lit Id for the suiiie purpose!) U8 bct'ure tlie pu^iiaiiig of tliid Act, but Huhjt'ct to itH proviaioiiM. 5. Tim JSup('i'iiit('ii(lt'nt-(j»Mi('riil may Hutliori/,(> HurvoyH, plniiH and report a to hi' luadtj of any rt'scrve for liidiuris, Hliowiiifj and distiii^'uishiuf^ the improved hindH, the forests and laniJB fit for settlement, and sueh other information as may bo required ; niul miiy authorize that the whole or any portion of a reserve be subdivided into lots. 6. In a reservo, or portion of a re.servo, subdivided by survey into lots, no Indian shall bo deemed to bo lawfully in possession of one or more of sucli lots, or part of a lot, unless he or she has been or shall be located for the same by the band, with the approval of the Superintendoiit-deneral : Provided that no Indian shall bo diwpossessod of any lot or ])art of a lot, on which he or she has improvements, without receiving compensation therefor, (at a valuation to be approved by the Supcrintendent-Ocneral) from the Imlian who obtains the lot or part of a lot, or from the funds of the band, as may be determined by the Suj)erintendent-Geiieral. 7. On the Superintendent-General approvin;,' of any loca- tion as aforesaid, he shall issue in triplicate a ticket granting a location title to such Indian, one triplicate of which ho shall retain in a book to be kept for the purpose ; the other two he shall forward to the local agent, one to be delivered to the Indian in whose favor it was issued, the other to be filed by the agent, who shall permit it to bo copied into the register of the band, if such register has been established. 8. The conferring of any such location title as aforesaid shall not have the effect of rendering the land covered thereby subject to seizure under legal process, or transferable except to an Indian of the same band, and in such case, only with the consent of the council thereof and the approval of the Superintendent-General, when the transfer shall be con- firmed by the issue of a ticket in the manner prescribed in the next preceding section. 9. Upon the death of any Indian holding under location or other duly recognized title any lot or parcel of land, the right and interest therein of such deceased Indian shall, together H Siirvi-y* ttiilliui'i/fil. Wluil In- (liiiim only (li'cnu'ii lidlilura of lots. Indemnity to Ill(liltll4 disptig. Sl'SSI'll. Location ticket; in triplicate; liow dealt will). ICITect of such ticket liniitepute and aiilhori/.t!, shall, on ('oni|)laint made to him, and on proof of the fact to his sat istfaci ion, issue his warrant siL,'iied and sealed, directed to the sherill' of the proper eonnty or dislrict, or if the said reserve be not situated within any county or district, then directed to any litei"'te person wiliinjjf to act in the premisi>H, commanding; him forthwllli t;; remove fnMu the said land or marsh, or roads or aiiowiinccs tor roads, or lots or parts or lots, every such person or Indian and his family so settled, resjdiiifj; or hunting upon or oecupyiiipj, or heinjj; illefj;ally in possession of the same, or to notity such ])erson or Indian to cease usin/; as aforesaid the said lands, marshes, roads or allowances for roads ; and such sheriff or other person shall aceordinj,dy remove or notify such person or Indian, and for that purpose shall have the same powers as in the execution of criminal process; and the expenses incurred in any such removal or notification shall he borne by the party removed or notified, and may be recovered from him as the costs in any ordinary suit : Provided that nolhini? contained in this Act shall prevent an Indian or non-treaty Indian, if five years a resident in Canada, not a member of the band, with the consent of the band, and the approval of the Superintendent-General, from residing upon the reserve, or receiving a location thereon. 13, If any person or Indian, after having been removed or notified as aforesaid, returns to, settles upon, resides or hunts upon or occupies, or uses as aforesaid, any of the said land, marsh or lots, or parts of lots ; or settles, resides upon or occupies any of the said roads, allowances for roads or lots or parts of lots, the Superintendent-General, or any officer or person deputed and authorized as aforesaid, u|)on view, or upon proof on oath made before him, or to his satisfaction, that the said person or Indian has returned to, settled, resided or hunted upon or occupied or used as aforesaid any of the said lands, marshes, lots or parts of lots, or has returned to, II 2 ( ■ ists (if ro- lllilVllI, I'l-.pvi^,.: rcsiilctice by cuiix'iit of Suporiri- tondi'iit. (/t'licriil. lii'tnovul and puiiibli- IlU'Ilt III' pt'i's'ins ri'- Ul'll'l' I'l'- mi<\ :il. Hi .1 iVi \ ri'i s iti V. •ti ! MflTlll. \rti>s( nii>l DIlMtt, nolHt'il or t'i*siil«'il upon or ((i-cii|ii('il luiv ol' llio nniil ioihIh or nllowinu'CH lor ro;ulH. or lots or purlH ol' Io(h, uliiill ilirocl ami hoihI luH wiirriinl ni^iio«l .'iiui Rniiotl lo llio HlioriH" of llio iiniprr «'ounlv or (liNlricl. or lo iiiiy lilorjilc |i(>rHoii llirrciii, nnViinrtiii (o Httitl rrK M'vo lu' nut HihiiilcMJ williin iiuy roimly or diHlricI, llioii lo nnv liljM'iilo porsou, comnumding liim lorlliwilJi lo iirroHl. Hiirl) piM'son Ol- hiilitin, iiml fointitil liiin lo llu* rotiiitioii ;;iiol of llio said nxmly or tiinliicl. or if lhor«> 1m» no j^^mo! in llio Mnitj ooimly or tlislrict, llion lo (l\o i^nol nrnroHl, lo tlio Hiiid rcnrrvo ii\ llio I'rovnuo or IVrrilory llirn* lo ri'iiiiiin lor llio iiino ;M'il«Mvd h\ NUi'li wnrranl, Inil wliich Hliall iiol, rvcocMJ lliirly I I. S;!:!i NiKMilVor i>llH'r person hIihII iiccordinj^Iy nrrrHl, Ihn naid piu'lv. ;>nd dolivor him lo llu) ^hoUm- or Hlicrill' of llio jM'opor t'onnly, dislrid, l'rovin«'t» or Territory , wlio hIiiiII roooivo Huoh portion or Indian atid in)|)riHon liini in llu^ Hind \Xt\^A f»>r llu' 1«MMU afon'said. Onl.T «.< l>o 15 'I'lm SuiH'rinl«Mid(>nl-(1on«M'nl, or such «)lVu'(>r or porHon i>u.l lU.sl. as nforosaid. sliall eansr llio jiuii;iu(>nl or onlor Mfj;ainHl. llio olViM\«lor lo bo drawn \ip and lilod in his olUco, and hucIi judf;- nuMit sliall not bt> riMnov»>d by ri'iiioniri or olhrrwisc, or bo appiwloil iVoin. bill shall b(> llnul. 1(>. If any pt»rs(>ii or liuli.iii oiher than an Indian of* llio b.iiul io whii'h llu< ros(>rv(^ 1h'1oi!|4;s, withoiil. llio Hkmiho in tr< of 1 ho Siiporiiit(>iidoiit-(u'noral «)r of homic olllcor or \v!H'rvo». person deputed by him lor that purpose. IrespasscH upon any of the said land, roads or allowaiiees for roads in ilw said reserve, by eultiiiti, e.irryiny; away, or removiufj; 1 herefrom, nny of the trees, saplings, shrubs, uiulorwotxl, timber or buy thereon, or by removing any of the stone, stiil, minerals, metals or other valuables otl'th? said land, roads or ullovvanees for roads, the person or Indian so trespassing shall, on eonvietion therei4' before any Stipendiary Magistrate, Polieo Rlagistrato or Justice of the Pence, for every i'-vo he cuts, carries away or removes, forfeit and pay tlie sum of twenty dollars ; and for cutting, carrying away, or removing any of the saplings, shrubs, underwood, timber or hay, if under the value of one dollar, the sum of four dollars; hut if over the value of one went ol' Ill', I MM \N .\('l , I '-.ro u:\ ilulliir, rlini llir Hdiii ul' Iwciilv )l Mii>iM\ Hoil, niiiicinlH, iticlah or utlirr vfilioiMrM aforrHiiid, llic wiiin (triwciily •l<>lliir«, vvilli roHtH ol' |iruH»'rulioii Itiovcrvi.f II I ' I !■ I ' I- ' I' I !• I I Ix'Miilli'ii il III III! (*iiH('H ; HUM III ncliiiilt 1)1 iiiiiti('niiili< |iiiyiiii'iit. ot llic hiuiI „„« )„,,|, piMiullirH mill ciihIh, llir .Mii|iciiiilciiil(iil ( Jciifral, or hikIi *'''' '"'"'' oUirr |H'y act occasion in,"; danuige to any l).i't_y il" reserve be done under the authority of any Act of rarliameiit Sliei-iil's, &e., to Hssist Siiperin ' 'uilout. i't* Till': IM)[AV ACT, 1870. 95 or of the legislature of any province, compensation shall be taken from made to them therefore in tlie same manner as is provided fj',?"'!. '"' with respect to the lands or rights of other persons ; the luints. Superintendent-General shall in any case in which an arbitra- tion may be had, name the arbitrator on behalf of the Indians, and shall act for them in any matter relating to the settle- ment of such compensation ; and the amount awarded in any case shall be paid to the Receiver-General for the use of the band of Indians for whose benefit the reserve is held, and for the benefit of any Indian having improvements thereon. SPECIAL EESEBTES. 21. In all cases of encroachment upon, or of violation of trust respecting any special reserve, it shall be lawful to pro- ceed by information in the name of Her Majesty, in the superior courts of law or equity, notwithstanding the legal title may not be vested in the Crown. 22. If by the violation of the conditions of any such trust ap aforesiaid, or by the breaking up of any society, corporation, or community, or if by the death of any person or persons without a legal (succession of trusteeship, in whom the title to a special re>ervc is held in trust, the said title lapses or becomes void in law, then the legal title shall become vested in the Crown in trust, and the property shall be managed for the biind or irregular band previously interested therein, as an ordinary reserve. Crown's name may be used in writs re- specting special re- serves. As to trus. tecship of reserves lapsing. ii ' II -jli 1- ^ .'■!» ; 1 %■ j i ?.J r^ '* ; ■11 •■ ijh or (ion of ^o any imeut REPAIR OP ROADS. 23. Indians residing upon any reserve, and engaged in the Imlinns pursuit of agi'iculture as their then principal means of il^'lJ^^^'/j*! support, shall be liable, if so directed by the Superintendent- j'uitlier.m.is Gen lal, or any olTicer or person by him thereunto authorized, and to what to perform labor on the public roads laid outer used in or ''*''^'°'- through, or abutting upou such reserve, such labor to be performed under the sole control of the said Superintendent- General, ofBoer or person, who may direct when, where and how and in what manner the said labor shall be applied, and In ; 90 APi'ENDlX. id. I' PoWlTS of Superiiilon- dent. to wiiat extent the same shall be imposed upon Indians who may be resident upon any of the said lands ; and the naid Superintendent-General, officer or person shall have the like power to enforce the performance of all such labor by imprisonment or otherwise, as may be done by any power or authority under any law, rule or regulation in force in the province or territory in which such reserve lies, for the non- Troviso: as performance of statute labor : but the labor to be so required to amount * ittih ot labor, of any such Indian shall not exceed in amount or extent what may be required of other inhabitants of the same prov'ace, territory, county, or other local division, under the laws re- quiring and regulating such labor and the performance thereof. 24. Ev' ' bard of Indians shall be bound to cause the roads, briug tches and fences within their reserve to be put and mainci :ed in proper order, in accordance witli the instructions received from time to time from the Superinten- dent-General, or from the agent of the Superintendent- General ; and whenever in the opinion of the Superintendent- General the same are not so put or maintained in order, he may cause the work to be performed at the cost of such band, or of the particular Indian in default, as the case may be, either out of their or his annual allowances, or otherwise. Band to cause roads, &(•., to be maintairiiMl in order. Powpra of Supcrin- teudcut. Necessary ronditiona previous to a sale. On what conditions ri-lease or (iurrendor to be valid. Assent of band. SURKENDEKS.* 25. No reserve or portion of a reserve shall be sold, alienated or leased until it has been released or surrendered to the Crown for the purposes of this Act. 26. No release or surrender of a reserve, or portion of a reserve, held for the use of the Indians of any band or of any individual Indian, shall be valid or binding, except on the following conditions : — 1. The release or surrender shall be assented to by a majority of the male members of the band of the full age of twenty-one years, at a meeting or council * By an Order in Council dated the 15th Doc, 1876, all the rcserves and Indian lands in the Province of British Columbia are exempted from the operation of Sections 25 to 28 inclusive. THE INDIAN ACT, lh70. 9; thereof summoned for thai purpose according to their rules, and held in the presence of the Superintendent- General, (ir of an officer duly authorized to attend such council by the Governor in Council or by the Superintendent- General ; Provided, tliat no Indian shall be entitled to vote or be present at such council, unless he habitually resides on or near and is interested in the reserve in question; 2. The fact that such release or surrender has been assented to by thf* band at such council or meeting, shall be certified on oath before some judge of a superior, county, or district court, or stipendiary magistrate, by the Superintendent- General or by the officer authorized by him to attend such council or meeting, and by some one of the chiefs or principal men present thereat and entitled to vote, and when so certified as aforesaid shall be submitted to the Governor in Council for acceptance or refusal ; 3. But nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the Superintendent-General from issuing a license to any person or Indian to cut and remove trees, wood, timber and hay, or to quarry and remove stone and gravel on and from the reserve ; Provided he, or his agent acting by his instructions, first obtain the consent of the baud thereto in the ordinary manner as hereinafter provided. 27. It shall not be lawful to introduce at any council or meeting of Indians held for the purpose of discussing or of assenting to a release or surrender of a reserve or portion thereof, or of assenting to the issuing of a timber or other license, any intoxicant ; and any person introducing at . uch meeting, and any agent or officer employed by the Superinten- dent-General, or by the Governor in Council, introducing, allowing or countenancing by his presence the use of such intoxicant among such Indians a week before, at, or a week after, any such council or meeting, shall forfeit two hundred dollars, recoverable by action in any of the superior courts of law, one half of which penalty shall go ta the informer. Proviso, Proi)l' tif assent. Superinfcn- (lent-Geuo- rul may grant license to cut trees, &c. Proviso. No intoxi* cant to be permitted at council of Indian . 'I I i 'ij-I 9H APPENDIX. confirm any release or this Act had not Invalid sur. 28. Nothing in this Act shall ronaers not , foiiiirmcd surrender wiiich would have been invalid if ''"'' '-■ been passed ; and no release or surrender of any reserve to any party other than the Crown, shall be valid. How to bo uiunttgod. Amenta not toiiurcliase, Punish- iiirnt lor I'ontraven- tion. EIToct of I'ornior cor- lifii'nti's of sale or receipts, II 11 loss re- sciiulud. Evidence of JlOSSl'Ssioll. MANAGEMENT AND SALE OF INDIAN LANDS. 29. All Indian lands, being reserves or portions of reserves sxirrendered or to be surrendered to the Crown, shall be deemed to be held for the same purpose as before the passing of this Act ; and shall be managed, leased and sold as the Governor in Council may direct, subject to the conditions of surrender, and to the provisions of this Act. 30. No agent for Mie sale of Indian lands shall, within his dividion, directly or inliiectly, unless under an order of the Governor in Council, purchase anv land which he is appointed to sell, or become proprietor of or interested in any such land, during the time of his agency ; and any such purchase or interest shall be void ; and if any such agent ofl'ends in the premises, he shall forfeit his office and the sum of four hundred dollars for every such oftence, which may be recovered in action of debt by any person who may sue for the same. 31. Every cc-tificate of sale or receipt for money received on the sale of Indian lands, heretofore granted or made or to be granted or made by the Superintendent-General or any agent of his, so long as the sale to which such receipt or certificate relates is iu force and not rescinded, shall entitle the party to whom the same was or shall be made or granted, or his assignee, by instrument registered under this or any former Act providing for registration in such cases, to take possession of and occupy the land therein comprised, subject to the conditions of such sale, and thereunder, unless the same shall have been revoked or cancelled, to maintain suits in law or equity against any wrongdoer or trespasser, as eifectually as he could do under a patent from the Crown ; — and such receipt or certificate shall be prima facie evidence for the purpose of posseasion by such person, or the assignee TlIK INOrVN ACT, lS7(5. 00 umliT an instrument ref,'istcr as aforcRnid, in any such suit ; but the same shall have no force against a license ^o cut timber existing at the time of the making or granting thereof. 32. The Superintendent- (jeneral shall keep a book for registering (at the option of the parties interested) the particulars of any assignment made, as well by the original purchaser or lessee of Indian lands or his heir or legal repre- sentative, as by any subsequent assignee of any such lands, or the heir or legal representative of such assignee ; — and upon any such assignment being produced to the Superinten- dent-General, and, except in cases where such assignment is made under a corporate seal, with an aflidavit of due execution thereof, and of the time and place of such execution and the names, residences and occui)ations of the witnesses, or as regards lands in the province of Quebec, upon the production of such assignment executed in notarial form, or of a notarial copy thereof, the Superintendent-General shall cause the material parts of every such assignment to be registered in such book of registry, and shall cause to be endorsed on every .such assignment a certificate of such registration, to be signed by himself or his deputy, or any other officer of the department by him authorized to sign such certificates ; — And every sucli assignment so registered shall be valid against any one previously executed, but subsequently registered, or unregistered ; but all the conditions of the sale, grant or location must have been complied with, or dispensed with by the Superintendent-General, before such registration is made. 38. If any subscribing witness to any such assignment ig deceased, or lias leit the province, the Superintendent-General may register such assignment upon the production of an affidavit proving the death or absince of such witness and his handwriting, or the handwriting of the party making such assit^nmeut. 3J). On any ap])licalion for a patent by the heir, assignee or devisee of the original purchaser from the Crown, the Superintendent-General may receive proof in such manner as he may direct and require in support of any claim for a patent wlieu tlie original })urchaser is dead, and upon being satisfied Proviso. Kcjjiatorsot" ussi(Tn- mciits to bo kept. Entries therein, on what jiriiot' niu. Their effeet. Proviso. If a sub- scrihiiitf wittie.-s he dead, &e. Proof' on ap])IieiUi(>ii i'liT (mtcut. is* I ' I 1 ■ 1 Hi m :p tr I:, 100 APPKNDIX. Proviso. Con. Stat. VX\, c. HO. Duty of Superin- tfiidunt in case of Iruud. Canculling piitent. Obtaining possustiiun ui'tor such cunccUa- tioQ in case of resist- ance. Order in the nature uf writ of pos- session. that the claim has been equitably and justly established, may allow the same, and cause a patent to issue accordingly ; but nothing in this section shall limit the right of a party claim- ing a patent to land in the province of Ontario to make application at any time to the commissioner, under the "Act "respecting claims to lands in Upper Canada for which no "patents have issued" 35. If the Superintendent-General is satisfied that any purchaser or lessee of any Indian lands, or any assignee claiming under or through him, has been guilty of any fraud or imposition, or lias violated any of the conditions of sale or lease, or if any such sale or lease has been or is made or issued in error or mistake, he may cancel such sale or lease, and resume the land therein mentioned, or dispose of it as if no sale or lease thereof had ever been made ; and all such cancellations heretofore made by the Governor in Council or the Superintendent-General shall continue valid until altered. 36. When any purchaser, lessee or other person refuses or neglects to deliver up possession of any land after revocation or cancellation of the sale or lease as aforesaid, or when any person is wrongfully in possession of any Indian lands and refuses to vacate or abandon possession of the same, the Superintendent- General may apply to the county judge of the county, or to a judge of the superior court in the circuit, in which the land lies in Ontario or Quebec, or to any judge of a superior court of law or any county judge of the county in which the land lies in any other province, or to any sti. pendiary magistrate in any territory in which the land lies, for an order in the nature of a writ, of habere facias posses- sionem, or writ of possession, and the said judge or magistrate, upon proof to his satisfaction that the right or title of the party to hold such land has been revoked or cancelled as aforesaid, or that such person is wrongfully in possession of Indian lands, shall grant an order upon the purchaser, lessee or person in possession, to deliver up the same to the Super- intendent-General, or person by him authorized to receive the same : and such order shall have the same force as a writ of )■•: niK INDIAN ACT, 1 87(". l(»l habere facias possessionem, or writ of j)OS80S8ion ; and the slieriff, or any bailiiV or person to wlioin it may have been trusted for execution by tlie Superintendent-General, shall execute the same in like manner as he would execute such writ in an action of ejectment or possessory action. 37. Whenever any rent payable to the Crown on any lease of Indian lands is in arrear, the Superintendent-General, or any agent or officer appointed under this Act and authorized by the Superintendent-General to act in such cases, may issue a warrant, directed to any person or persons by him named therein, in the shape of a distress warrant as in ordinary cases of landlord and tenant, or as in the case of distress and warrant ofajusticeof the peace for non-payment of a pecuniary penalty ; and the same proceedings may be had thereon for the collec- tion of such arrears as in either of the said last mentioned cases ; or an action of debt as in ordinary cases of rent in arrear may be brought therefore iu the name of the Superin- tendent-General J but demand of rent shall not be necessary in any case. 38. When by law or by any deed, lease or agreement re- lating to any ot the lands herein referred to, any notice is required to be given, or any act to be done, by or on behalf of the Crown, such notice may be given and act done by or by the authority of the Superintendent-General. 39. Whenever letters patent have been issued to or in the name of the wrong party, through mistake, or contain any clerical error or misnomer, or wrong description of any mate- rial fact therein, or of the land thereby intended to be granted, the Superintendent-General (there being no adverse claim) may direct the defective letters patent to be cancelled, and a minute of such cancellation to be entered in the margin of the registry of the original letters patent, and correct letters patent to be issued iu their stead, which corrected letters j)atent shall relate back to the date of those so cancelled, and have the same effect as if issued at the date of such cancelled letters patent. 40. In all cases iu which grants or letters patent have issued for the same land inconsistent with each other through error, Kxccution. Enforcing pllVlUCIlt of ruiit. Proceeding for. Xotice rc- quirt'd by law, bow to be given. Cancelling patents issued by mistakt'. New patents. Lands patented twice over. 102 AI'PKNDIX. t •t: # i !<; I'tTlaiii I'nsi-y, I.iikI pro. vidi'd tor. I' Certain f ■ fourts may i' iivoid ']■■'■ putoiits 1:' issued in ij u error. Sec. and in nil cju^os of hjiIcs or iip|)rt)|)riati()n8 of the same liiiiil iiiroiiHislfiit with cacli otlu r, tlio iSuixTintcndciit-dciicM'al iir.iy Kcpinin.'nt in c'asivs of sale, caiisi' a rcpaymciil, of tlu' piirt'liasi'-iiioiicy, with iiitorcHt, or wlicii )lu' iaii party to purcliasc liuiian lands, of hucIi valiio nnd to taich oxtoiit as to liim, tlic Siipcriiiloiidonl-CJcncral, Limitation uuiy si'iMii jiKst and i'(jiiital)Ii' under llio eireiinislauee.s ; l)nt no flail"." "^ ^"^'' claim shall ho entertained nnless it, be preferred witliin five years from the diseovery of the error. rast'ofdo. 41^ AVIienever bv reason of false survev or error in tho fli'lrncv ot . • . , • books or plans in the Indian Branch of the Department of tho Interior, any ^rant, sale, or appropriation of land is found to be dflu'ieni, or any pareel of land contains less than tho quantity of lani mentioned in the patent therefor, the Super- intendent-General may order the purehasi'-money of ho itmeh land as is deficient, with the interest thereon, from tho time (^>mi>ciis;i- of tho application therefor, or, it" the land has passed from tho original j)nrcliaser, then the purchase money which the claimant (provided he was ignorant of a deiiciency at the time of his pi. 'cliase) has paid for so nmch of the land as is deficient, with interest thereon from the time of the ap[)lication therefor, to be paid to him in land or in money, as he, the Superintendent- General, may direct ; — But no such claim shall be entertained unless application has been made within live years from the date of the patent, nor unless tho deficiency is ccjual to one- tenth of the whole quantity described as being contained in the particidar lot or parcel of land granted. 42. In all cases wherein patents for Indian lands have issued through fraud or in error or improvidence, the E.\- ehequcr Court of Canada, or a superior court of law or equity in any province may, upon action, bill, or plaint, respecting such lands situate within their jurisdiction, and upon hearing of the parties interested, or upon default of the said parties after such notice of proceeding as the said courts shall re- spectively order, decree such patents to be void ; and upon a registry of such decree in the ofiice of the Eegistrar-Gcneral of Tiiniitation of tiiiii' lor claim. iiiK i.vniA.v Arr, ls7t!. lo:i I'nicticc in Mil' 1 1 I'UNCM. with I*, lv> JiMit- liiied I tlie ouc- ed ill have Ex- iting taring xrtios 111 rc- l)ou a Iral of Caniuln, such patciils .shall he void to mII ititciils. The practii'c ill coiirl, ill such cmscs, hIihH 1)(» r<'f,Milal<'d hy orders to l)c fVoiii liiiio to timo ni.iilc by the said ('(uirtH rcspcclivcly ; and any action or proceed inL,' coinineiiced under any I'ornier Act Miay lie coiitiijiiod under this section, which, for the purpose; of any Buch action or proc(;cdini,' sliall he construod as merely con- tinuing tho provisioHH of such I'ornier Act. 43. If any agent appointed (ir continued in ofTico under thi-< Act knowingly and falsely inlorius, or causc^rt to he informed, any pcrHoii a|)plying to him to luirclmse any land within his division and agi-ncy, that tho same has already been ])urchased, or refuses to permit tlu; person so a|)plying to jjurchaso llur same according to existing regulations, sue! agent shall he liable therefor to the person so applying in the sum of live dollars for each acre of land which the |)erson so ap|ilying olVcred to purchase, to be recovered by action of debt in any court, having jurisdiction in civil cases io tlio amount. 4-J). If any person, before or at tho time of the pul)lic sale of any Indian lands, by intimidation, combination, or unfair luanagemcnt, hinders or j)revenls, or attempts to hinder or prevent, any person from bidding upon or purchasing any lands 80 offered for sale, every such olfender, his, her, or their aiders and abettors, shall, for every such offence, be guilty of a misdemeanour, and on conviction thereof, shall be liabki to a fine not exceeding four hundred dollars, or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or both, in the discretion of the court. MANAGEMENT AND SALE OF TIMliKR. 45. The Superintendent-General, or any ofiicer or agent Licenses to authorized by him to that eft'ect, may grant licenses to • ut 1,',',^ "" ^^' timber on reserves on ungranted Indian lands at such ratis, ffnmti l. and subject to such conditions, regulations and restrictions, as may from time to time be established by the Governor in Council, such conditions, regulations, and restrictions to be adapted to the locality in which such reserves or lands are situated. I'lmi li- irii'iil of 111,'l'MlM i^iv- iiii,' I'liUi' in- lunimii'iti IIS li> IuiiiIh. ('.■n.'ilty. IJi'i i]V( rv. I'uiiisll- iiiciil lor )(ri'vriiliiiij MiM'li'inra- ii'>iii', liiii' itiicl iiii{ii i- soiiint-nt. \ i I :ii lot AIMTMHX. ?y ' I S^ I:; I'Dr what time. As to prror in descrip- tion, etc. Lieenso must (lu- Rcribc tbo landi : its vtfuct. Further rights of holders as to tretipas- Burs. Return to ho made by licensee. Punish- ment for evasion. 40. No license shiill be so yruntt'd for a loiioer periuj than twelve montliM Iroiii the date tliereof; and if in conse(|iience()f" any incorrectne.sH of survey or other error, or cuuse whatsoever, n liceiiBo is fonnd to oonipriso land included in a iieense of a prior date, or land not beinfi; reserves or ungranted Indian landa, the license granted Hhall be void in so far as it eoniprises such land, and the holder or proprietor of the license so rendered void shall have no claim upon the Government for indemnity or compensation by reason of such avoidance. 47. Every license shall describe the lands upon which the timber may be cut, and shall confer for the time being on the nominee, the right to take and keep exclusive possession of the land so described, subject to such regulations and restric- tions as may be established ; — And every license shall vest ii the holder thereof all rights of property whatsoever in all trees, timber and lumber cut within the limits of the license during the term thereof, whether such trees, timber and lumber are cut by authority of the holder of such license c by any other person, with or without his consent ; — And every license shall entitle the holder thereof to seize in revendication or otherwise, such trees, timber or lumber where the saina are found in the possession of any unauthorized person, and also to institute any action or suit at law or in equity against any wrongful possessor or trespasser, and to prosecute all tres- passers and other offenders to punishment, and to recover damages, if any : — And all proceedings pending at the expira- tion of any license may be continued to final termination as if the license had not expired. 48. Every person obtaining a license shall, at the expiration thereof, make to the officer or agent granting the same, or to the Superintendent-General a return of the number and kinds of trees cut, and of the quantity and description of saw-logs, or of the number and description of sticks of square timber, manufactured and carried away under such license ; and such statement shall be sworn to by the holder of the license, or his agent, or by his foreman ; And any person refusing or neglect- ing to furnish such statement, or evading or attempting to evade any regulation made by Order in Council, shall be held I ) TIIK INIXVN AOT, lS70. 105 to have cut without authority, and the timber made shall bo dealt with nccordiiigly. •1!>. All timber I'ut under liconso HJiall bo liable for tlie pay- ment of the dues thereon, so lonj; a» and wheresoever the said timber or any part of it may be found, whether in the orij^inal lo^'s or manufactured into deali*, bnardH or other Htuft', — and all ofllcera or afj;ent3 entrusted with the collection of such dues may follow all such tnnber and seize and detain tho same wherever it is found, until the dues are paid or secured. 50. Bonds or promissory notes taken for the dues, cither before or after the cutting of the timber, as collateral security or to facilitate colli'ction, sliall not in any way aft'eet the lien of the Crown on the timber, but the lien shall subsist until the said dues are aetuallv discharged. 51. If any timber so seized and detained for non-payment of dues remains more than twelve months in the custody of the ngent or person Appointed to f^uard the sain(>, without the dues and expen.so8 being paid, — then tiie Superintendent- General, with the previous sanction of the Governor in Council, mav order a sale of the said timber to be made after suflScient notice, — and the balance of tho proceeds of such sale, after retaining the amount of dues and costs incurred shall be handed over to the owner or claimant of such timber. 52. If any person without authority cuts or employs or induces any other per.-ion to cut, or assists in cutting any timber of any kind on Indian lands, or removes or carries away or employs or induces or assists any other person to remove or carry away any merchantable timber of any kind so cut from Indian lands aforesaid, he shall not acquire any right to the timber so cut, or any claim to any remuneration for cutting, preparing the same for market, or conveying the same to or towards market, — and when the timber or suw-logs made has or have been removed out of the reach of the officers of the Indian Branch of the Department of the Interior, or it is otherwise found impossible to seize the same, he shall in addition to the loss of his labour and disbursements, forfeit a sum of three dollars for each tree (rafting stuff excepted), which he is proved to have cut or caused to be cut or carried away, — and such sum shall be recoverable with costs, at the r TiiMl.iT to he lialilo tor (luoH. NoIps, oto,, tiiki'ii, not, to allect lion. Siilo of tiin- Ikt sci/cd ul'tlT a I'lT- tiiiii time Bulanco of procc'L'ds. Punish- luiint tor unlawfully cuttinjf timber, for- feiture. Pcnnlty if tiujlior is removed. How re- coverablc. ' i| \\' n t*,' »*;;■ H:.;i M n 2^ 100 AIM'KNDIX. Si'izuro of liiiilicr out Mil lioiit authorilj. Huii niul in tlio immo of llio Supc rinton(lcnt-(ji(.Mioral or roBidi'iit I'l-oof. nfjjciii, ill nny court having juri»(iiclion in civil inaitcrH to tlw? nniount of tlio pciiiillyj — And in all surli casoH it hIuiII bo iniurnbdit on the party charged to prove his authority to cut ; and the averment of tlie party Heizinn; or ])roHocutin^', tliat lio ia duly employed under the aiithority of this Act, 8hall be Huniciont proof thereof, unless the defendant proves the contrary. 53. WluMuner satisfactory information. BU[)p()rled by iiHi- r him, that any timber or (juantity of timber has been cut v\'ithoufc authority on Indian lands, and describing where the said timber can be fouiul, the said Superintendent-General, ollicer, or agent, or any one of them, may seize or cause to be seized, in Her Majesty's name, the timber so reported to have been cut without authority, wherever it is found, and place the same under proj)cr custody, until a decision can be had iu the matter from competent authority ; 2, And where the timber so reported to have been cut without authority on Indian lar.ds, lias been nuide up with Ocher timber into a crib, dram or raft, or in any other manner has been so mixed up at the mills or elsewhere, as to render it impossible or very diflicuU to distinguish the timber so cut on icservcs or Indian laiuls without licence, from other timber with which it is mixed up, the whole of the timber so mixed shall beheld to have been cut without authority on Indian lands, and shall be liable to seizure and forfeiture accordingly, until satisfiictorily separated by the holder. 51. Any otViccr or person seizing timber, in the discharge of liis duty under this Act, may in the name ot the Crown call in any assistance necessary for securing and protecting the timber so seized ; and whosoever linder any pretence, either by assault, force or violence, or by threat of such assault, force or violence, in any way resists or obstructs any ollicer or person acting in his aid, in the discharge of his duty under this Act, is guilty of felouy, and liable to Felony. punishment accordingly. AVhonil has liocii iiuli8- tiii|;ins)t> rI)I_v luixod with otluT timber. All io bo floonu'il cut on Indiau lands. Officer sci?.' iiig may connnuiid B!=sislaiice. runisli- 111 out tor rcsistaiK'O. Tin: INDIAN ACT, 1 H7(5. 107 liacharge Crown |oteeting •retence, I of Buch icta any |e of 1)19 iable to 05. WlioHocvor, wliclhor prctcndirifi; 1o ho tlio ownor or not, C'tivovintj (Miher secretly or openly, niul wlu^lior with or without force „i,n'i..'' or violence, tnkcH or carricH awny, or cauH<'H to he taken or riiv fo ho carried jiway, witliout pernilHHioii of the oiViCvr or ixthoi- !m» Hcized th(! Hanie, or (.F houk; conipetcnt jiuthority, any tiii Hcizcd and detained .ih Hnhject to forfeiture under this Act, betoro the samo ha« been declared by cotnp(!tent authority to have been sei/ful without duo cauHo, shall be deemed to have Htolcn such timber being tho ])roperty of tlio ('rown and guilty of f(^Iony, and in liable to puniHhmcnt accord- ingly ; 2. And wheiu'ver any timber in H(;ized for noji-paynient Onus .f of Crown ducH or for any other cauHo of fort'eiture, or any JIJ^','.';', |,„'"„ proHOcution \h brought for any jK'ualty or forfeiture under '"''^" »'"'''• this Act, and any (lUCHlion arises whetlnT tiie mini din;H have been paid on Hiich timber, or whether the Haid timber was cut on other than any of tho lands aforesaid, the burden of proving payment, or on what land the waid timbc^r was cut, bIuiII lie on tlie owner or claimant of such timber, and not on *^ho oflicer who seizes the same, or the parly bringing such proRCcntion. 50. All timber seized under this Act shall be deemed to bo Whon tobe condemned, unless the i)erson from whom it was seized, or tlie "'!'' i owner thereof, within one nmnth from the day of the seizure, gives notice to the seizing oflicer, or nearest oflicer or agent of the Su])erintcndent-Gcneral, that he claims or intends to claim the same ; failing such notice, the officer or agent seizing Sulo. shall report the circumstances to tho Superintendent-General, who may order tho sale of the said tiniber by the said officer or agent, after a nutice on the spot, of at least thirty days. 2. And any judge having competent juriadicti(/ii, may, when- How sciz- ever he deems it proper, li-y and terminate hvc\\ seizures, and "rkw/a',','!] '" may order the delivery of the timber to the alleged owner, '•''''''■'"'"'-'•'• on receiving security by bend with two good and sufficient sureties to be first approved by the said agent, to pay double the value in case of condemnation, — and such bond shall be Securitj taken in the name of the Superintendent- General, to Her "Yred by Majei'ty's use, and shall be delivered up to and kept by the *"'"'•• I 2 :■ ! : ! , { ' IDS Ari'KNDIX. Mrv J ' Ml' ii;: Iflimlicrbo (■i)ii)l(r- TiMl tiniluT. 'I'll l>i' ili'iill \\ itii as Inn (ulnro. Clovoriior in ('(umi'il may ilin'ct iiivi'stint'iil of liiiiiiin t'unils. And tlie nui":l!j(>. nuiit tht'iv- d. r>7. I'iVory person nvailini; hiinself of any falso HtntcMnent or oath to (>viido tho paynuMit of dues uiidcr this Act, shall forfeit the timber ou which dues aro attempted to bo evaded. M0NKY8. 58. All moneys or securities of any kind applicable to tho support or benetit of Indians, oi ;>My band of Indians, and all moneys accrued or hereafter to accrm^ fiom the sale of any Indian lands or of any timber on any reserves or Indian lands shall, subject io the provisions of this Act, be a|)plicable to the same pur[)08es, and be dealt with in the same manner as they might have been applied to or dealt with before the passing of this Act. 5!). Tiie Governcn* in Council nmy, subject to tho provisions of this Act, direct how, and in \\\v.\i nu'.nner, and by whom the moneys arising t'rom sali's of Indian lands, and from tho property held or to be held in trust for the Indians, or from any timber on Indian lands or reserves, or from any other source for the benefit of Indians (with the exception of any small sum not exceeding ten per cent, of the proceeds of any lands, timber or property, which may be agreed at the time of the surrender to be paid to the members of the band interested therein), shall be iu\ested from time to time, and how tho r ivnu-nts or assistance to which the Indians may be entitled shall be m; de or given, and may provide for tho general managemeri; of such moneys, and direct what percentage or prtiportion hereof shall be set apart from time to time, to cover the cost of i nd attendant uj)on the management of reserves, lands, prOj^erty and moneys nuder the provisions of this Act, and ,or the construction or re])air of roads passing through such reserves or lands, and by way of contribution to schools frequented by such Indians. t)0, The proceeds arising from the sale or lease of any Indian lands, or from the timber, hay, stone, minerals or other valu- Tin; I MM \S ACT, 1H7(». KiJ) iiblfrt ilicrcon, or on n roHcrvo, Himll bo paid to the Rcceivcr- (jonoral to the crodit oftlio Indian fund. COUNCtLS ANO CnlKKS. (51. At ilio cloction oCa diiof or cIiiefH, or tlio f^rantiiif; of \"^ I'H Ut fll'Clllll (»I DVisions y whom ■om tho or I'roin other of any of anv time of crested ow tho ntitled general it age or to cover cserves, of this h rough schools Indian }r valu- any ordinary eonwcnt re(|nired of a band of JndiaiiH under this dmiii Aei, thoHo ontitied to vote at tho council or meeting thon^of shall bo the mnle incsmberH of the band of tlie full age of twenty-one yearn; and tho vote of a majority of aueh memhcr.s at a eouiu'il or meeting of the hand Kumnioned according to tlieir rules, and held in the |)reHeiico of the SiipiTintondent- (icneral, or an agetit acting under his liiHtructionH, hIijiII l)e Kudlciont to (U'terinino such election, or grant hucIi cnUHfiiit ; Provided that in the case of any band havitig !i eonncil of Inniiinary chiefs or councillors, any ordinary couHent n'(|uired of tho band may be granted by a vote of a m.vjority of such chiefa or councillors at a council Hunnnoned according to tluiir rulcH, and held in tlio preHcnce of the Siipcrintendent-dencTal or his agenL. 02, Tho Oovcrnor in Coniicil may order that tho chififs of FVrioilsof any band of ItidiauH shall b(( elected, as hereinbefori- provided, '■ '■''",'" J » I ' Mow lixi'fi : at such time and place as the Superint(Mid(!nt-(jl(neral may »";' »'T"">»' direct, and they shall in such a\nv. be elected lor n period of three years, uidess deposed by the Govern r (lishoncHty, intemperince, inunorality, or incompetency; iir.d tiny may he .Vuinl.cr of in the proportion of one head chief and two second di' fs or ' '" **' councillors for every two hundred Indians; but any si h band composed of thirty Indians may have one chief: I'rovided I'mviso: aa always, that all life chiefs now living shall continue as such J^Jt; until death or resignation, or until their removal by the Governor for diahoueaty, intemperance, inunorality or incom- petency. G3. The chief or chiefs of any band in council may frame, ciii.f. to subioct to confirmation by the Governor in Council, rules and I""'"' '.'*'" regulations for the following subjects, viz. : certuinpur- 1. The care of the public health ; ^"*"*' 2. Tiie observance of order and decorum at assemblies of the Indians in general council, or on other occasions ; {}. The repression of intern |)erance and proiligiicy ; 110 APPENDIX. I 1, iM 1^ To be tax- iible in wr- tain caai's Liuuls held in Inist for Iiiiiiiins not tuxiiblo. No mort- Hagt' to bo taken from Indians. May sue for wrongs, 4. The prevention of trespass by cattle ; also for the protection of sheep. 5. The construction and maintenance of water-courses, roads, bridges, ditches and fences ; G. The construction and repair of school houses, council houses and otlier Indian public buildings ; 7. The establisment of pounds and the appointment of pound-keepers ; 8. The locating of the land in their reserves, and the establishment of a register of such locations. 9. The repression of noxious weeds. 10. The imposition of punishment, by fine or penalty, or by imprisonment, or both, for infraction of any of such rides or regulations, — the fine or penalty in no case to exceed thirty dollars, and the imprisonment in no case to exceed thirty days." PRIVILEGES OF INDIANS. G4. No Indian or non-treaty Indian shall be liable to be taxed for any real or personal property, unless he holds real estate under lease or in fee simple, or personal property, out- side of the reserve or special reserve, in which case he shall be liable to be taxed for such real or personal property at the same rate aa other persons in the locality in which it is situate. G5. All land vested in the Crown, or in any person or body corporate, in trust for or for the use of any Indian or non- treaty Indian, or any band or irregular band of Indiana or non-treaty Indians shall be exempt from taxation. GG. No person shall take any sfcurity or otherwise obtain any lien or charge, whether by mortgage, judgment or other- wise, upon real or personal property of any Indian or non- treaty Indian within Canada, except on real or personal property subject to taxation under section sixty-four of this Act : Provided always, that any person selling any article to an Indian or non-treaty Indian may, notwithstanding this section, take security on such article for any part of the price thereof which may be unpaid. G7. Indians and non-treaty Indians shall have the right to IMfK INUfAN ACT, 1H70. Ill obtain other- jr nou- rsonal of this tide to \(r tllis O \e price 'ight to 8ue for debts due to them or in respect of niiy tort or wron<» inflicted upon them, or to compel the performance of obliga- tions contracted with them. 68. No pawn taken of any Indian or non-treaty Indian for Pawns tor any intoxicant shall be retained by the person to whom such n,',f"u> bo pawn is delivered, but the thing so pawned may be sued for '^^''''• and recovered, with costs of suit, by the Indian or non-treaty Indian who has deposited the same, before any court of com- petent jurisdiction, 69. No presents given to Indians or non-treaty Indians, I'riwnts nor any property purchased, or acquired with or by means of taken fur any annuities granted to Indians or any part thereof, ^^*'^^^' and in the possession of any band of such Indians or of any Indian of any band or irregular band, shall be liable to be taken, seized, or distrained for any debt, matter or cause whatsoever. Nor in the province of British Nor sold in Columbia, the province of Manitoba, the North- West Terri- ^^-^^.^g" j.'t'c." tories or in the territory of Keewatin, shall the same be sold, bartered, exchanged or given by any band or irregular band of Indians or any Indian of any such band to any person or Indian other than an Indian of such band ; and any such sale, Except barter, exchange or gift shall be absolutely null and void, un- ^j- supeTin- less such sale, barter, exchange or crift be made with the t''n'"vi»i<>iis annuities granted to Indians be unlawfully in the possession of scuts to any person, within the true intent and meaning of this section, a.'iy person acting under the authority (either general or special) of the Superintendent-General, may, with such assistance in that behalf as he may think necessary, seize and take possession of the same, and he shall deal therewith as the Superiutendent-General may direct. li 11 , 112 Al'PKNDIX. SH '■ I'.i fii:'. r Indians may not have home- stead in Manitoba and N.W, Territories exee})t as speeified. Indiana un- dergoing punishment by impri- sonment, not to re- Ci'ive share uf annuity. Payment of annuity may ho re- t'uNed to Indian de- serting his I'auiily. DISABILITIES AND PENALTIES. 70. No Indian or non-treaty Indian, resident in the province of Manitoba, the North- West Territories or tlie territory of Keewatin, shall be held capable ofhaving acquired or acquiring a homestead or pre-emption right to a quarter section, or any portion of land in any surveyed or unsurveyed lands in the said province of Manitoba, the North- West Territories or the territory of Keewatin, or the right to share in the distribu- tion of any lands allotted to half-breeds, subject to the follow- ing exceptions : (a) He shall not be disturbed in the occupation of any plot on which he has or may have permanent improve- ments prior to his becoming a party to any treaty with the Crown : (b) Nothing in this section shall prevent the Government of Canada, if found desirable, from compensating any Indian for his improvements on such a plot of land without obtaining a formal surrender therefor from the band: (c) Nothing in this section shall apply to any person who withdrew from any Indian treaty prior to tiie first day of October, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four. 71. Any Indian convicted of any crime punishable by im- prisonment in any penitentiary or other place of confinement, sliall, during such imprisonment, be excluded from partici- pating in the annuitie? , interest money, or rents payable to the band of which he or she is a member ; and whenever any Indian shall be convicted of any crime punishable by imprison- ment in a penitentiary or other place of confinement, the legal costs incurred in procuring such conviction, and in carrying out the various sentences recorded, may be defrayed by the Superintendent-General, and paid out of any annuity or inte- rest coming to such Indian, or to the band, as the case may be. 72. The Superintendent-General shall have power to stop the payment of the annuity and interest money of any Indian who may be proved, to the satisfactiou of the Superintendent- THE INDIAN ACT, 187G. 113 I;: )y im- jinent, )artici- ible to rer any Iprison- ^e legal irrying Iby the Ir inte- je may po stop Indian fendent- General, to have been guilty of deserting his or her family, and the said Superintendent-General may apply tbe same towards the support of any family, woman or child so deserted ; also to stop the payment of the annuity and interest money of any vvoiDau having no children, who deserts her husband an lives immorally with another man. 73. The Superintendent-Geneial in cases where sick, or disabled, or aged and destitute persons are not proviJeJ for by the band of Indians of which they are members, may furnish suificieut aid from the funds of the band for the relief of such sick, disabled, aged or destitute persons. EVIDENCE OF NON-CKEISTIAN INDIANS. 74'. Upon any inquest, or upon any inquiry into any matter involving a criminal charge, or upon the trial of any crime or offence whatsoever or by whomsoever committed, it shall be lawful for any court, jmli^e, stipendiary magistrate, coroner or justice of the peace to receive the evidence of any Indian or non-treaty Indian, who is destitute of the knowledge of God and of any fixed and clear belief in religion or in a future state of rewards and punishments, without administering the usual form of oath to any such Indian, or non-treaty Indian, as aforesaid, upon his solemn rlErmation or declaration to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, or in such form as may be approved by such court, judge, stipendiary magistrate, coroner, or justice of the peace as most binding ou the conscience of such Indian or non-treaty Indian. 75. Provided that in the case of any inquest, or upon any inquiry into any matter involving a criminal charge, or upon the trial of any crime or offence whatsoever, the substance of the evidence or information of any such Indian, or non-treaty Indian, as aforesaid, shall be reduced to writing, and signed by the person (by mark if necessary) giving the same, and verified by the signature or mark of the person acting as interpreter (if any) and by the signature of the judge, stipendiary magis- trate or coroner, or justice of the peace or person before whom such evidence or information has been given. 7G. Tiie court, judge, stipendiary magistrate, or justice of the peace shall, before taking any such evidence, information, And so OS to womt'U. Provision for sii'k, etc., not provided for by tlie band. How Heathen Indians may bo sworn. Substance of ovidenco to be re- duced to writing and attostud. Indian to bo cautioned to tell ilie truth. ? i m t' r\- '--m^'^ 114 Written de- duration, etc., of In- dians may be used in like cases as those of ot her per- BU118. False testi- jn(>ny to be perjury. Punish, inent of persons furnishing intoxicants tu Indians. Al'PKNDIX. renailies and appli- cation. Of com- manders of vessels fur- nisliing the same. or examination, caution every such Indian, or non-treaty Indian, as aforesaid, that he will be liable to incur punishment if he do not so as aforesaid tell the truth. 77. The written declaration or examination, made, taken and verified in manner aforesaid, of any such Indian or non- treaty Indian as aforesaid, may be lawfully read and received as evidence upon the trial of any criminal suit or proceedings, when under the like circumstances the written affidavit, examination, deposition or confession of any other person, might be lawfully read and received as evidence. 78. Every solemn affirmation or declaration in whatever form made or taken by any Indian or non-treaty Indian as aforesaid shall be of the same force and effect as if such Indian or non-treaty Indian had taken an oath in the usual form, and he or she sliall in like manner incur the penalty of perjury in case of falsehood. INTOXICANTS. 79. "Whoever sells, exchanges with, barters, supplies or gives to any Indian, or non-treaty Indian in Canada, any kind of intoxicant, or causes or procures the same to be done, or connives or attempts thereat or opens or keeps, or causes to be opened or kept, on any reserve or special reserve, a tavern, house or building where any intoxicant is sold, bartered, ex- changed or given, or is found in possession of any intoxicant in the house, tent, wigwam or plac o^ abode of any Indian or non-treaty Indian, shall, on conviction thereof before any judge, stipendiary magistrate or two justices of the peace, upon the evidence of one credible witness other than the in- former or prosecutor, be liable to imprisonment for a period not less than one month nor exceeding six months, with or without hard labour, and be fined not less than fifty nor more than three hundred dollars, with costs of prosecution, — one moiety of the fine to go to the informer or prosecutor, and the other moiety to Her Majesty, to form part of the fund for the benefit of that body of Indians or non-treaty Indians, with respect to one or more members of which the offence was committed ; and the commander or person in charge of any steamer or other vessel, or boat, from or on board of which tup: INDIAN A.CT, 1S76. 115 avern^ ex- lant in ian or any peace, le in- eriod ith or more , — one nd the ■or the with e was )f any which any intoxicant has been sold, bartered, exchanged, supplied or given to any Indian or non-treaty Indian, shall be liable, on conviction thereof, before any judge, stipendiary magiatrate, or two justicea of ^he peace, upon the evidence of one credible witness other than the informer or prosecutor, to be fined tiot less than fifty nor exceeding three hundred dollars for eacli such offence, with costs of prosecution, — the moieties of the fine to be applicable as hereinbefore mentioned ; and in de- fault of immediate payment of sucli fine and costs any person so fined shall be committed to any common gaol, house of correction, lock-up, or other place of confinement by the judge, stipendiary magistrate or two justices of the peace before whom the conviction has taken place, for a period of not ess than one nor more than six months, with or without liard labour, or until such fine and costs are paid and any Indian or non- treaty Indian who makes or manuiactures any intoxicant, or who has in his possession, or conct aled, or who sells, exchanges with, barters, supplies or gives to any other Indian or non- treaty Indian in Canada any kind of intoxicant shall, on con- viction thereof, before any judge, stipt-udiury magistrate or two justices of the peace, upon the evidence of one credible witness other than the informer or prosecutor, be liable to im- prisonment for a period of not less than one month nor more than six months, with or without hard labour ; and in all cases arising under this section, Indians or non-treaty Indians, shall be competent witnesses : but no penalty shall be in- curred in case of sickness where the intoxicant is made use of under the sanction of a medical man or under the directions of a minister of religion. 80. The keg, barrel, case, box, package or receptacle whence any intoxicant has been sold, exchanged, bartered, supplied or given, and as well that in which the original supply was con- tained as the vessel wherein any portion of such original supply was supplied as aforesaid, and the remainder of the contents thereof, if such barrel, keg, case, box, package, receptacle or vessel aforesaid respectively, can be identified, and any intoxicant imported or mauufactured or brought into and upon any reserve or special reserve, or into the house, tent, wigwam or place of abode of any Indian or non-treaty Pt-naltirs and iippU' cuti( n. Imprison- ment in di" fault ut uayment. Punish- ment of In- dian mak- mg, sellinfj or having in posses - einnany in- toxicant. Exception. Keg or casii, etc., in whicii in- toxicants are carried to be for- fuiled. Intoxicants and vessels contiiiiiinj^ them may bo seized. J i m :;!■! 'vl 110 ai'1m:ni)fx. Ik ■'«, Ami (!(>• fllri(V('il by orilcr of J. r. Person in whose pos- session they were Couiul Bubjeut to iK-ntthy from ^ijt* to Imprison- ment in de- fault ol' payment. Vessels Used in eon- veying in- toxicants in contruvun- tion of this Act, subject to sei/.uie and forfei- ture. Articles ex- changed for intoxicants may ho seized uiid Ibrfciti'd, ^H Indians in- ^^^B toxicated ■^^H ' may be iir- ^^^B : rested and H| impris'ined uniil sober. H ; And liutd. ' w '% . Indian, may bo seized by any constable wheresoever found on such land or in such phice; and ou com|)laint before any judj^e, stipendiary inagiHtrato or justice of tlie peace, ho may, on the evide-ice of any credible witness that this Act has been contravened in respect thereof, declare the same for- feited, and cause the same to be forthwith destroyed ; and may condemn the Indian or other person in whose possession they were found to pay a penalty not exceeding one hundred dollars nor less than tifty dollars, and the costs of [)roseeution ; and one-half of such penalty shall belong to the prosecutor and the other half to Her Majesty, for the purpoaea herein- before mentioned; and in default of immediate payment, the offender may be committed to any common gaol, house of correction, lock-up or other place of confinement with or without hard labor, for any time not exceeding six nor less than two mouths unless such fine and costs are sooner paid. 81. "When it is proved before any judge, stipendiary magis- trate or two justices of the peace that any vessel, boat, canoe or conveyance of any description upon the sea or sea coast, or upon any river, lake or stream in Canada, is employed in carrying any intoxicant, to be supplied, to Indians or non- treaty Indians, such vessel, boat, canoe or conveyance so employed may be seized and declared forfeited, as in the next preceding section, and sold, and the proceeds thereof paid to Her Majesty for the purposes hereinbefore mentioned. 82. Every article, chattel, commodity or thing in the purchase, acquisition, exchange, trade or barter of which in contravention of this Act the consideration, either wholly or in part, may be any intoxicant, shall be forfeited to Her Majesty and shall be seized as in the eightieth section in re- spect to any receptacle of any intoxicant, and may be sold and the proceeds thereof paid to Her Majesty for the purposes hereinbefore mentioned. 83. It shall be lawful for any constable, without process of law, to arrest any Indian or non-treaty Indian whom he may find in a state of intoxication, and to convey him to any common gaol, house of correction, lock-up or other place of confinement, there to be kept until he shall have become THE INDIAN ACT, 187(5. 117 the ch ia ly OP Her in re- sold 'posea less of mav any ice of icome AndfuHhor ))iitiislii'(l it' ilicv n'riis(( to siiy tViiin wlmni they (ji't till' in- tuxicunts. Hobor ; and such Indian or non-treaty Indian shall, when Hobcr, be bronnjht bcforo nny judfi;e, Hlipendinry ina m probationary Indian, who beinr» ot side oiitlioir rcscivo. Kiil.s lor 5)| In jillolliim Iniid 1(» prolintionnry IndiniiN, ilm niianiilv nllollilljr ^ ... IhihIn to io h(< lo('ii((Ml (() tlM> licnd of ji liiniily nIuiII I)(> in proporlioii !nv In- " ^'* *'"' nuinluM* of such liuiiily compaicd will) llic lodil (|ii(iiilily •''"""■ «>r land in Iho rowcrvi*, snid llic wlude nninlKT of ilic l)jiiid, io'|?o«.-r '.w ''"*' ivny bivnd niay «l«'U'rniin(> wlial. (|nanlily hIuiII lie allotted I'ltn.i Ml (iiiH ars of af»o rocoivi^ not I(;ned a snitttblo allotment of land by the btvnd for enfranehisement, become enfranchised on the same tenuH and coiidilii>ns as a imMnber of the bund ; and sjich enfrun- ohisement shall confer upon such Indiiiu the same lefj;al rights atid privih\u;es, ami make such liidian subj(>ct to such disabilities and liabilities as atfect Her IMiijesty's other subjects ; but such onfranchistMntMit shall not confor u|)on such Indian any ri>;ht to partici|)ate i-: tho annuilios, interest moneys, riMits and coimcils ot" th.e band. Provision \V.]. Whenever any band of Indians, tit a council summoj'v'd d^'i'i. s ih!(t *'^'' ^^'^^ purpose accordinjj; to tluMr rul(>8, and held in the «"<'••*"><''"- presence of {\\o Superintendent-Cleneral or of an a<;ent duly iwi>ni(^ en- authorized by him to attend such council, decides to allow triinohis.M. ^>yj,,,Y ,„cJiiber of !he band whe chooses, and who ntay be found (]ualified, to become enfrandiised, and to receive hia or her share of tlie principal moneys of the band, and sets apart for iHieh member a suitable nllotuient of land for tho purpose, any applicant of such band after such a decision may oe dealt with is provided in the seven next prcccdin«; sections until liis or Orwiun her enfranchisement is attained; and whenever any niembep r''iiic"qn:i- ^^^ ^^^^ band, who for the three years immediately succeediufi; liiie«l iiv |]^% jjite on which he or she was iiranted letters ])atent, or for cxcniphuv . , 1 1 t-i • 1 i A-1 1 1 cou.iu.t ■ any longer period that the hupenntendent-Cjrcneral may deem necessary, by his or her exemplary good conduct and nianage- nicnt of property, proves that he or she is qualilied to receive I'rovisii. illK INDUN Aedinf» or for deem liiuij^o- lecoivo K ' ii If ilhiii iip II liiR or licr hIiiu'c o!' hucIi mo'Sj-yH, llio (Jovcrtior may, on l,li«) r(>|)ni't of I ho Siip('riut<'M hjuid, cHtinialed aw yir'hlinj^ live per cent, eiil of hiicIi iiinneyH aH may he prnvidcfl lor the piM'j)OKe hy I'arliiimenI ; and if hiicIi Indian he a. married ri ihen he Hhall also he paid his wile and minor nnmarcied enn- inniiini dren'n Hhare of nnch I'nnd.s and olher nrineinal monevs, and if '"'." '"" Hindi Indian lie ii widow, nhe Hhall also he p;iid lier minor un- married ehiidreii'H nliart': ami I he ninnartied chihlr'eii of Hiieli niari'ied Imiian^, who heco-ije of a^e diirintj; eitliei- lie- pro- bationary period lor enrrathdiiHemeiit, or lor |)aymrnt of : jeh ;m)m'yH, if (pialilii'd hy tin! (diaraeter lor integrity, morality and sobriety whi(di they hear, nhall receive their own share of Hiicli moneys when their* |)arenfH arc; paid, and if not ho (piali. lieil, ladort! Ibov <'an become enlranrdiised or receive navment ' f It' of Huch inoneyH they must thoinHclveH paHH throu^li the M-oha- tiouarv i)i'ris I'llO V I SK ) N H. OS. All aflidavitH required umler this Act, or int< iid<;d to 15<'foro be used in reference to any claim, business or transaction in rinvi'sw/ho the Indian IJrauch of the Department of the Int<'rior, may be ""''' ""'''■ taken before the judge or clerk of any county or circuit court, may ho i I |- i 122 APPENDIX. K'ii' ■i ! I or any ji.stico of the peace, or any commissioner for taking affidavits in any of the courts, or the Supermtcndent-General, or any Ind'an agent, or any surveyor duly licensed and sworn, appointed by the Superintendent-General to enquire into or take evidence or report in any matter submitted or pendinf; before such Superintendent-General, or if made out of Canada, before the mayor or chief magistrate of, or the British Consul in, any city, town, or other municipality ; and any wilful false swear- ing in any such affidavit shall be perjury. 9G. Copies of any records, documents, books or papers belonging to or deposited in the Department of the Interior, attested under the signature of the Superintendent-Greneral or of his Deputy shall be competent evidence in all cases in which the original records, documents, books or papers, could be evidence. 97. The Governor in Council may, by proclamation from time to time, exempt from the operation of this Act, or from the operation of any one or more of the sections of this Act, operation" Indians or non-treaty Indians, or any of them, or any band or of any sec. jrrcgular band of them, -or the reserves or special reserves, or tionsot tins '^ _ ' _ ' Act :— and Indian lands or any portions of them, in any province, in the move such North- West Territories, or in t'.o Territory of Keewatin, or in cxeini)tion. either of them, and may again, by proclamation from time to time, remove such exemption. Governor 98. The Governor may, from time to time, appoint officers ofIkpr's?etc. ^^^ agents to carry out this Act, and any Orders in Council to be paid made under it, which officers and agents shall be paid in such out of , , 1 y-i • A •! monies ap- manner and at such rates as the Governor in Council may direct out of any fund that may be appropriated by law for that purpose. 99. Section fifty-six of chapter sixty-one and section fifty of chapter sixty-eight of the Consolidated Statutes of Canada Tcrjury. Certified copies of otilcial papers to bo evidence Govemorin Council may ex- empt In- dians from propriatcd by Parlia ment. Acts and parts of Acts re- pealed, viz.; section tAveuty-nine of chapter forty-nine of the Consolidated 61, and s. Statutes for Upper Canada, and so much of chapt(>r eighty- 60otc.t)H, ^j^Q Q^ ^Ijjj gjjjjj Consolidated Statutes for Upper Canada as Con. btat. . , , ' ^ Can. s. 21) relates to Indians or Indian lands, sections five to thirty-three Con. sstat. i'lclusive, and sections thirty-seven and thirty-eight of the Act U. C, part passed in the session held in the thirty-arst year of Her -h'4!-' m THE INDIAN ACT, 187G. 123 Majo8t3''8 ro!<;n, chaptered forty-two, and tlie Act passed in the session held in tlio thirty-second and thirty-third years of Jler Majesty's reign, chaptered six, and the Act passed in the thirty-seventh year of Her Mnjesty's reign, chaptered twenty- one, are hereby repealed, with so much of any Act or law as may be inconsistent with this Act, or as makes any provision in any matter provided for by this Act, except only as to things done, rights acquired, obligations contracted, or penalties incurred before the coming into force of this Act ; and this Act shall be construed not as a new law but as a consolidation of those hereby repealed in so far as they make the same provision that is made by this Act in any matter hereby provided for. 100, No Act or enactment repealed by any Act hereby ro pealed shall revive by reason of such repeal. ofc. 81 of Con. Stat. U. C. S9. 5 ti) ;V?, mill ss. ;t7. •■M of ;u v.. c. 12. Acts ;«, a3 v., 0. (), and 37 V^, c.'21. etc., re- pealed. Savin {» clause as to tliingsdone, etc. Ropcaled Acts not to revive. I fifty of Canada lidated ighty- ada as -three he Act f Her Sections 7 and 8 of Indian Act (1876) Amendment Act, 1879. 7. If any person, being the keeper of any house, allows or Penalties suffers any Indian woman to be or remain in such house, "}•' ,I^,'",y|'|g" knowing, or having probable cause for believing, that such Iiduscs -r 1- • • • • 11 -^1 ii • <"nnnittinf; Indian woman is in or remains in such house with tlie in- rcitain tention of prostituting herself therein, such person shall be "'•"'-""ccs- deemed guilty of an offence against this Act, and shall, on con- \\^^^^ viction thereof, in a summary way, before any Stipendiary «^"'"'it''l- Magistrate, Police Magistrate or Justice of the Peace, be liable to a fine of not less than ten dollars, or more than one hundred dollars, or to imprisonment in any gaol or place of confinement other than a penitentiary, for a term not exceeding six months. 8. Any person who appears, acts or behaves as master or ^vim shall mistress, or as the person having the care, government or ^^' Sijim;ui,nti:n- DKNCY, IN WHICH AUK INCM'DED TUK M 1 SSISSAd II AH OK C'lIKMONO AND UlCE LaKES, AND TJIIi MullAWlvSJ OF THE Bay op Quinte. Ontauio, CeNTUAL S LT l»K U INTEN DENCT, TouoNTO, loth October, 1S7S. The IToiiouriiMo The Siiperintciulcnt General of lutUau AITairo, Oltiiwa. Sin, — In accordance with in.siructions contained in your circuhvr of the 1 ttli AujjUHt hist, I liave the lionour to submit the followinfj; report on tlie condition of the Indians in this Supcrintendency, together vvitl) a tabular statement nliowiiig l)r(\i,MTsa iu agriculture, &c., for the year ' ided on the 30th June last. I am much pleased to be able to report n general healthy condition of the Indians in this Superintendency, the natural increase for the past year being eighty-six, which is greater than for many years previously. This, no doubt, is in a great measure due to the extreme mildness of the past winter. The number of Indians as shown on the last census is 2808,* who received during the year as annuities, pensions, salaries, and for other purposes, about $'48,5O0'0O. There are also up- wards of 300 Indians iu this division who have no fund, and do not participate in these payments, making a total of over 3100 people. I lind great difficulty in obtaining anything like satisfactory information of the quantity of land under cultivation, and the produce therefrom, arising iu some cases from carelessness and in others from inability to give the desired information. The returns show a considerable increase in the amount of produce raised over that of previous years. I am quite satisfied that the Indiana in this Superintendency are generally improving in habits of industry, and more especially as regards farming ; the 1 4- - * Population of Mississaguus of Scugog, llice, and Mud Lakes, 305. t^i CANADIAN OOVKIINMKNT IlKl'ORTS. 131 asuro >S()S* iriea, () up- d do 3100 and Tlio oduce t the ig m the great drawback to furtlier progress is the want of Buitnl)lo agricultural im|)leuieiitH, and if any nicana could be adopted to HUppiy this want it would materially improve llieir cotiditioii. Ah regards educational mattcM'H I can only repeat wliat I have lieretofon stated, tiiat the Indians do not place auHlcient value oil the educatiiin of their children ; they cxerci;*e no control over thoui, and api)areiitly take no interest in sending them to school regularly. If compulsory education shoulil be adopted with any class, it certainly should be with Indiana ; but one of the greatest draw- backs, however, to the education of Indian children is the want of proper teachers, the great majority of the teachers employed are totally uiuiualified for the position, and the only remedy for this evil is to pay higher salaries and demand a higher state of proficiency ; and in all cases the a|)poiiitinent of teachers should be in the hands of the Department. As regards intemperance, I am pleased to say that there is a gradual but decided improvement. 1 have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant, \Vm. plummer, Superintendent atod Commissioner of Indian Affairs. m' m 'fS-y, l'.i2 3 cr> Px.:^ &.' to « t/J o 'tS & S o ^ t4 O 4) Cfi _ ^ p -*-> C4-C o o en C hr d c "^3 > e o >-H -C O (/J ^ -t-) F- Cw ^, O W r/I tH O f^ fd -M H • f-H "1 , tH a 1.1 .1 ^^ ^ ^ e B s s e -:2 T^ *&» v. o .S.s c S; •3|0|jn JU OlKflg Al'l'ENDJX. I kt 'A ^N ** I'* ^ t^ Irt ga 113 ^ CO u} 71 O 3. > v 5S « o M M M EH o g ^1 l 0) Eh eo CO 00 to ® o> 3 •83lT3raO^J 5-1 05 t>. lO m ? ■>n lO m 115 % M •soi«K CI in o IH t-^ lO ife i-H 3 a 'B a o o "ce « « a, -M ■: £ -c' 3 a u I a a '^ ^ ^ i i I •8aoiU1IH Ul IIOISOAUI qHll.) j() OAiHiii.JXO ',Ci.iolI •oa.t lUiiOHaoj pim liioa JO oniBA l»noi I ^ " s8 Tl" 8 OS m u; 8 8 8 •9i)mri pnu oajoh •oy JO ouiUA iwjox •Spn'B'-r 9iriBB0(lHtQ JO ouau aod fmittA §5 8 2 '" S 2S |8 8 8 8 8 8 s •spu'wa oqi JO lUitiinti oil) .toj oiciiisodsip «puu'x pojopuoiins S3 S 3 ■-3 M "S. pi •oiya jod OA.iot< -OH JO otiiuA is 8 8 8 3 8 o •pooAV aopuxi (N C<3 i.S oainsBj jopufi S3 ■UOTITtA -Pino 'aopun gg g 8 g 8 23 ^, X lO iH t-l lO CO n ■•I n M O M m 22 aj CO a g r-( r-t t* 2 0) g g •d 3 a I 01 a o I a s « cu ^ (S-C ac ^ 5' CANADIAN UOVEIINMENT lli;i»01lT8. 133 f* ^ I- • a ss s s? 8 * s Ui 8 S 8 8 8 8 a g S 8 •Q M • : 8 8 o o GO w I e ^i^ S 8 S rH « TO 8 •a o •clootis •B. (M •-< t-» a 1 Jluipuojty -Hioidjlu uiiJO : : •lutnoa o>i S •l"l"(I 1 S 3 Q r- ■M ^ ti ^ U] aociiuiijj '-' p SJ i 8Ti o a fo : : TO g 5 S : 3 (2 fc. i5 Q o 1 : • Q — •— • |--? ^ 1.'^ ? §3 38 •.fDIlOJ^ ISOIOIIIYJO •• n ^ 1-. -« OS iioi5tuiianii(X [uiuiuy o o .? ^ -M 5 -qj -" * rH U3 94 S i8 8 8 8 "r 9 rt Q : : c3 ., '- «o o : ! o ;2 1^ jj CO a '3 — '-^ 51 p a a o U c 6 iS S :^-, i> G3 -J ? * Q ^ ^ .:i ^ 12 s ;;r Jl '' ^ n S ca ~5 .—V-*' ^ ■ • • I 0) if . K . a a O • • 3 1 .:: a o 0, -- o ^ i a 1 a S 5 J3 5 o 1 r-J O 3 :^ S - E- <. j2 — ::, IX C v. o ^ O o ~ w C 1^ 5 § ° i'l < c to ■B ^3 ;^. •5 S ^ 1 " *■ ^^^ ce 3-3 -3 fee t« P. ^° 5" im 'i m k ■ ^1: ; ;<-: >• I'M AIM'KNDIX. 5. Statf.mkm' of i]i(> C'oii.lilioii of t!i.' Ii'liiiii Soliools on tl\o Tiraiid Kivcr, nidcd ilu> ;{(Hli V, il I'arl, i1 from llii> liisl Aii\iiiiit Hrpni-t nfl'ii' liiiliiiii K(-s(. !>.>. (?. Ho. Do. Do. ITcniiotln ri-nn^.b ,> Fnini wimt Piniil paid. Now Eiif^lttiul Coin|mny , 27)0 00 S. s>. 1(\ u. 12. 13. ... Mlijnli I'lnvlt'sH ... Frank Mnclnndvo ' 2M (H) ... Susan K. Hill I 27.') 00 ...K. IVmiImIi Ilowi'lls ,..' '?r,0 (HI ...Christina .hilni i 2r)0 (H) ...iCMirL-o Hill ' 2:)0 (H) ... Maria Cmdon ' :'")() 00 >fn yan Society and ^ ^ l.idian Fuiid.s ... . ) Do. do. I Funds of* ho Band ... f New Kiifjlanil Coinjinny ... MtMluidist Mi.ssioii Fund ... -Mohawks i^f the Bay of Quinte Wni S. Wilson I 370 00 Indian Fund and Whites... Do. Do. de. 1-vdia Hill ir.O 00 do. iM'artha C.otliard i 150 (X) Do. Do. do. do. r'ij CANADIAN (lOVKIINMKNT IIKI'OKTS. ia5 \\ ('\)cwnn imI ... [ npany ... 1 l-'mul ... Whitoa... I mir IS7S. lh-i ■ 11- ! 20 ' 7 ! 11 I y I 10 I 10 u i 12 I I 8 rf u. » 2 !)0 50 to 31 2(5 35 35 U 42 13 21 29 2(* 23 1!) 2G 17 17 3() ■C 1 - -n '.to 51 21 21^ 27 2!» 21 20 23 38 () 21 15 It 18 13 2(5 17 17 31 .1 !»0 .2 ' ^-* 'iO 2!» 20 11 22 13 1!) 22 33 5 23 11 8 14 9 23 ■I 8 20 90 13 3 it 5 4 7 10 3 1« 3 fi 2 11 4 1 .9JS Kcilllll'IfH. 31 13 5 II. fjl 4 ! 5 I 8 3 14 3 17 3 10 All ri'Hiilcnt, in till! IriHtiliilion. In- Now Eii<:;lan(l Coinpanv, and is ostablislicd for tlio i)iir|)ose of civilizinji; the Indians and advauciiif^ tlio Christian Hi'h"i,'ion ainon<^ thoni, and imparling:; a good edncalion, combined witli all kinds ot* useful industrial training, to the youth of both sexes of the Six Nations and oth(>r tribes of Indians. Its aim is to impart sueh an edueation as shall fit its pupils for touchers amongst their own jieoplo, at the same time training them in the arts and ])ra('tic'es of civilized nations. The boys and girls occn]>y separate and distinct portions of the Institution, and each pupil is |)rovi(Iod witli a sej)aruto bod, and food and clothing of the best description. Rules rchttin;/ to Fiipils. 1. Vacancies in the Institution are ])rincii)ally filled u]) from the dav-schools on tbe Indian J\eserve from candidates of any religious denomination, who have been examined by tiie School Board of the Six Nations Indian Keserve, and have obtained a certificate of iitness for admission. Other Indian children may be admitted on permission being granted by the ('om|)any, and liaving obtained the necessarv cevtilicate ef fitness from the missionary or school-teaclier of tiie district in which they reside. In the latter case, ap[)lication for admission should be made to the Superintendent at the Institution. 2. The qualifications for admission are, that the candidate must be between the ages of 10 and 17 years, of good character, and must be able to read the 2nd book of lessons, and possess a fair knowledge of tlie simple rules of arithmetic. 3. The school terms an; from the last Saturday in h ugust to the lUst of January, and from the 1st of IV-bruary to the Saturday next before the 2UUi of Julv. MOHAWK INSTITUTION. 137 4. No girls or small boys will be permitted to leave the Institution unless fetched away by some responsible person, or the parents have signified to the Superintendent in writing that they desire their children to proceed home alone. Girls will not bo permitted to go out, not even to visit friends, iinlesa wearing the distinctive dress of the Institution, so that they may bo easily recognized. 5. No holidays other than those stated above can be allowed, except in cases of sicknoss. G. Whenever it is desirable that pupils should return to their homes during the scliool terms, in consequence of the sickness or death of relatives, a note to that effect must be presented to the Superintendent, signed by cither the minister or doctor of the district in which the pupil resides. 7. Pupils leaving tlie Institution witliout the sanction of tho Superintendent, must be returned by their friends within forty- eight hours, or they will be considered as dismissed from the Institution. In tho event of the pupil not returning within tho time specified, all articles of clothing, etc., the property of the Institution, must be immediately returned to the Institution, 8. It is expected that all pupils entering the Institution during any term, will remain until its completion ; and that those who wish to continue to avail themselves of its advantages will return punctually at the appointed time. 9. If by any reason a pupil is prevented from returning on the day the school opens, the parents must communicate the reason to the Superintendent within ten days, or such pupil's name will be removed from the books of the Institution. 10. In cases where pupils have been absent from the lu'stitution from any cause for a period not exceeding two cahmdar months, on seeking re-admission they must present the Superintendent with a certificate of character from tlie missionary of tho district in which they reside. 11. Each pupil in the Institution will receive on an average not less than 2S hours' schooling per week, exclusive of Sundays. In addition, the girls will receive instruction in sewing, knitting, L m- 13S APPENDIX. ('■ ■' and all kinds of domestic woric ; the boys in farming, gardenincj, and such oilier useful occupations as may be from time to time deemed advisable. 12. The Superintendent is empowered to expel any pupil from the Institution who shall grossly misconduct him or herself; f,r who, through continued disregard to the rules of the schoo'i, shall render such expulsion desirable. 13. All necessary articles of winter and summer clothin2: are provided for the use of pupils at the Institution only ; but parents are required to supply their children with clothing for use elsewhere. 14. Piipils are at liberty to write to or receive letters from their relations and friends as often as they wish, but in order to guard against improper correspondence, all communications must be addressed to the care of the Superintendent, who will opeu and peruse the same should he deem it advisable. Icules respecting Visitors. 1. Visitors are at liberty to inspect any part of the Institution during the school term, between the hours of 10 a. jr. and 4 p.m., excepting on Thursdays and Saturdays, when the Institution is open for inspection between the hours of 10 and 12 a.m. only. 2. Visitors are invited to question or address the pupils, as it will tend to overcome their extreme shyness. 3. It is desired that visitors will, before leaving the Institution, inscribe their names and addresses in the visitors' book, together with any remarks they may desire to make. 4. Pupils may receive visits from their friends any Saturday between the hours of 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. Such visits to take place in the room set apart for that purpose. 5. All visitors must enter the [iistitutiou by the front door. On no account can any one be |H'rnutti d to enter the kitchen or other parts of the Instilutiou, without permission. i'. ■- MOHAWK IKSTITUTIOV. 139 2. — The Superintendent's Annual TJEroRTS on the Mohawk Institution for the years 1873-8, presented to the Special Committee op the New England Company. Report for 1873. During the year 1S73 four boys were admitted, and two boys and one girl rc-admitted, iind twenty-one boys and fifteen girls left the Institution. In the latter numbers are included all those pupils who have not returned since the summer vacation, nnd whose names were removed from the books on the Gist December. During the latter half of the year the general conduct of the pi'pils, and of the boys especially, has steadily improved, and I am happy to say that they now meet my utmost expectations, niar.y of them exhibiting nn amount of industry, obedience, and carefulness I never expected them to attain in so siiort a time. This result is owing to the excellent mnnner in \vhich Mr. Barefoot and Miss Fisher have seconded my endeavours and tlie hearty zeal they have displayed in anticipating my wishes and carrying out my instructions for the goofl of those entrusted to their charge. The educational progress of pupils has been satisfactory, con- sidering the very unsettled state of the school, and the irregular nttendar.ce during the early jiart of tlie year. Now however, that good order has been established, and both j)upils and tlieir friends begin to understand that tlie changes introduced are to the :. (I vantage, a spirit to regard the rules of the Institutioji is exhiliitin:; itself, and the children appear as cheerful and con- 1 lit'' ' as can be ex|)ected of them. Since it lias beeoice a rule iiiat .lie pupils in the Institution should speak liUgli-^h at all times, cxce|)ting on their half-holidays, they have made greater progress in their studies, and appear far more intelligejit ; whilst by ccuatoming themselves to sp<>ak English when at |)lay, fluency of expression is being ra])idly ac(piired. As an instance of the advantages attending the compulsory use L 2 I t :■) •il n 1 M 110 AI'PENUIX. of Englisli, csppcially at recreation time, I must point out Ciitlierinc Gibson, who was admitted in April, 1871 ; but in A))ril, \H7'ii, blio could neither H|)eiik nor understand a word of Englisii, and barely knew the alphabet, and being an Onondaga did not understand Mohawk, the language generally spoken here. Now she can well understand and speak English very fairly and is progressing rapidly in reading. When children who were not Mohawks came to the Institution they had two languages to acquire — Mohawk and English ; the former being used amongst themselves and at play-time, was very well learned ; the latter used only when speaking to an officer of the school, was very imperfectly understood, and soon forgotten. Some of the elder boys who left in the spring had been here over seven years, yet some could barely make themselves under- stood in English ; now we have neither boys nor girls who cannot speak English far better than those referred to. In such subjects as Scripture, geography, grammar, etc., very little progress has been made up to the present, as until a better acquaintance with the English language was attained, it was utterly impossible to exercise the reasoning faculties of the pupils, they could only repeat their lessons by rote, without in the least understanding what they said. For the last four months I have myself instructed the whole school in Scripture history, as unfortunately school teachers in Canada are not trained to teach this ini])ortant subject, it being altogether excluded from the public schools. The religious knowledge of the pupils is still, in my 0[)inion, lamentably deficient ; and as they are unaccustomed to answer questions it is very difficult to instruct them. It has afibrded me gnat pleasure to instruct the pupils in singing, as thtv take great pains, and make excellent progress. Some of the elder girls are learning to play the harmonium, but the small one belonging to the Institution is getting pas»t use. I should be glad to have a new one for them, but have hesitated to ask a grant Tom the Comuiittee for that purpose at present. We have just purchased one for the church (by subscription), costing 6132 ; so I cannot aj>j_»eal to our friends hert) for assist- ance for sotat! time. MOHAWK INSTITUTION. Ill diole )eing lb in Us. I but use. tated sent. (ion), ksist- The fanninfj operations have not been attended with the suc- cess I could have wisliod. JMuch of the hind has been over- worked, and some considerable portion allowed to get into a most filthy condition. The Indian corn crop was an entire failure, although the field was planted three times. Twenty acres of fall wheat yielded only 150 bushels, and twenty acres of barley the same quantity ; when a fair crop should equal, at least, 400 bushels of wheat and 600 of barley, to the twenty acres. The failure of these crops left the farm deficient in feed and litter, and will necessitate tho feeding of hay to the stock that might otherwise have been sold. Much of tho farm is still uncultivated for the want of proper draining, and'cleariug of bushes and trees, although more has been ploughed this year than formerly. The potato crop was tho best in the neighbourhood, fortu- nately escaping the ravages of the potato-bug to a great extent. In anticipation of a failure in this crop I grow a largo quantity of white beans. The " flats," comprising 90 to 100 acres, will afford excellent pasturage, but, owing to the heavy floods that sweep across them, they are unfitted for cultivation. A moveable fence is now in progress for this part of the arm, so that in future the Company will derive the full advantage of it. On the whole the farm is well fitted for the purposes of a dairy and stock farm ; and by increasing the number of cows kept a good sum may be realized by the sale of milk, etc., whilst the increased quantity of manure will greatly increase the arable land. To render the farm profitable it will require considerable outlay for the next two or three years ; and an additional labourer should be regularly employed, as much waste is caused by want of proper supervision and care, w-hilst the employment of casual labourers is not conducive to successful farminj;, owin \ 33 WiZiiT MAIN STReET WIBS7«R,N.Y. MSSO (7i«) <»; 2-4 ->-:»' 6^ >^ ^. liO APl'ExNDIX. Planted fruit and shade trees, many of which have died owing to the continued drought. Erected a poultry -house. Necessary Improvements recommended. Buildings. Enlarge stable and erect an implement-house over it. This is an absolute necessity. The older stable is breaking down, and we have nowhere to put many of the implements. The cost $200. About $100 spent for posts and boards for new fences. 300 to 400 hurdles for movable fences (will be made during tlie present winter), the only outlay being one man's wages ; all tlie materials being cut from the Mohawk Mission School Lot, and made up by the boys. By cutting the saplings and under- wood for this purpose, the land will be sufficiently cleared to be- come useful as a summer pasture. Cottages. Of the cottages on the farm, the old Institution building and the cottage on the Babcock Lot, the former is altoy;cther past use and the other i. fast approaching the same condition ; they pre- sent a dilapidated and untidy appearance. I should recommend their immediate removal but that it is necessary to have two cottages on the farm for the workmen to reside in, and it would be well if one occupied the site of the old Institution buildings, as that part of the farm called the • Flats,' being au a distance from the Institution, requires the oversight of some one, other- wise the gate will be left open by persons passing through (see liight of Way), and strange cattle would be turned into the fields and pasture. By making use of portions of the materials in the old buildings, a respectable wooden cottage could be erected for about $200, and this would yield a rental of 2\ to t3 dollars per month. If the workman had it rent-free, it would of course yield the same value in a reduction of his wages. It would be a great advantage if a residence for the farm fore- man could be erected near to the farm buildings, as even Irom MOHAWK INSTITUTION. 117 the Babcock Cottage to the farm ia a h)ng way for a man to coino at night, as he must do sometimes, to look through the cow- Btable, etc. Tlie sum of about §200 would pay for the removal of the Babcock Cottage to a position nearer the farm buildings, and would put it in thorough repair. The only reason 1 did not propose this sooner was that probably the Committee would object to erect buildings on any but deeded land. If such objection should exist in this case, a site might be found for the cottage on the Ten-acre Lot, or the cottage could be built in such a way as to be easily removed. Damage done to Farm by canal ami mill race. On surveying the farm in the spring, I discovered that the land I reported as damaged by tlic bursting of the canal bank, although enclosed by the Company's fences, is, in fact, ' reserved land,' like the piece now in dispute. 1 have, therefore, said no more to the Corporation of Brantford about it, but immediately applied to the Indian Department to have it included with the manual labour farm, to which it properly belongs. With regard to damage done by millrace, I am advised that it would be next to useless to attempt to compel either the Corporation of Brantford or the millowner to cut a proper channel. The former would not be held liable for damage done by water after being used by the mill, and the mill having changed hands frequently, and only within the last few months been liberated by the Court of Chancery, it is doubtful if anything could be recovered from the present owner : I may, however, be able to get some assistance from him towards cutting the channel during the coming summer. I have a man now working on the farm who thoroughly understands ditching and draining, and with the assistance of the boys he will carry out the work without, I think, engaging additiona! labour. Right ofvoay to Farms on the Flats. I am advised that the road through the ' Flats ' is an old Indian road, and has been used so long that it is very doubtful if it could bo closed. !(! i lis APPENDIX. Finance. The cost of maintenance and management for the year amounts to $G,55802, being ^990-lG in excess of that of last year The excess in cost of provisions ia 3531 and in clothing 3632. We have a larger stock of provisions on hand than at the close of last year, and the prices are higher. The large outlay in clothing ia owing to the Company supply- ing pupils with all necessary articles of apparel. The greater part of the extra clothing purchased will last for years. Thanking you for the confidence and support you so kindly accord to me, I have the honour to be, etc., KOBEKT ASHTON. Report for 1875. During the year thirty-five children (seventeen boys and ci our training avoided. I therefore beg leave to submit the matter to the consideration of the Special Committee. In conclusion, allow me to thank you for the continued kind- ness and support I have received from you during the past year, and I trust that the report and tables now submitted will meet with your entire approbation. I have the honour to be, «fec., KOBEKT ASUTON. 'hI 162 AI'PLNDIX. TABLES ACCOMPANYIXO THE SUI'EIIINTENDENT's IIKPOBT ON THE MOUAAVK INSTITUTIOX FOB THE YEAtt 1878. 1. Showing the Tribes to which the 85 pupils belong. Mohawks of Grand River Tuacaroras „ Dt'lawares „ Ojibways of Thames . Oneidas „ Munceys „ ]\Johawks of Bay of Quiiite „ Caughnawaga „ Oka . Boys. Girls. ; 17 26 t ^ 1 ! 2 3 2 I 7 2 . 3 5 9 1 1 1 41 44 43 5 5 3 7 5 14 2 1 85 2. Showing the present condition of 120 pupils who have left the Institution, during the 4 years ending 31st December, 1878. • Boys. Girls. Total. Living with Friends 25 27 52 Working farms in service (Indian) „ (White) . . Engaged in teaching . Attending other Institutions Kemoved to United States . • • « • • • • • and Colleges • • 17 1 3 4 6 2 1 6 2 17 2 9 6 6 2 lie-admitted 2 1 3 Married .... • t 5 5 Unascertained • • 2 .2 Disgraced, dismissed, or ki lown to be doing badly Dead • 1 3 2 10 3 13 66 54 120 Soo also Tn1)lr on p. \7)2. 1G3 SCHOOL BOARD OF THE SIX NATIONS INDIAN RESERVE. 1. Letter prom a Canadian Sub-Committee op the New England Company to J. T. Gilkison, Esq., Visiting Superintendent and Commissioner op the Six Nations Indians. Sept. 1, 1877. Deaii Sib, — As you are well aware, the New England Com- pany, half a century ago, transferred the principal seat of its labours from Sussex Vale, New Brunswick, to the Six Nations Indian lieserve, on the Grand River. The Company then, aban- doning General Coffin's system of apprenticing Indian children, preferred trusting to the example and teaching ot missionaries, and schoolmasters and schoolmistresses as a more effectual means of civilizing and Christianizing the Red men and their children. In 1827, the Rev. Robert Lugger accepted the appointment of the Company's missionary to the Indians near the Grand River. The completion of the Mohawk parsonage, (which had been begun under the Rev. Wm. Hough) and the repair of the Mohawk church, and the building of four schools on the high ground along the left (or North East) bank of the Grand River, were among Mr. Lugger's earliest labours, and became the first calls there on the Company's purse. In 1828 the Rev. Abraham Nelles (now Canon Nelles), was appointed Mr. Lugger's assistant, and the annual expense of the mission was fixed at £750. The employment of interpreters, the buil .. „ of school-teachers' houses, the clothing of some ol the children, etc., effectually prevented this limit from being strictly adhered to. It was soon increased to £1000, and again to £1300 a year nominally, and indeed for 30 years was in fact several hundred pounds a year more than even this last limit. For the last ten or twelve years the Company's annual expendi- ture at the Grand River has always exceeded £2000, and olten £3000, and once evtn £4000. For the Indians here have 'II '1 1 ,'■ !■■ in '! ■' ii i i 1G4 APPENDIX. increased in number from 19(X), 60 years ago, to 2800 in 1870, and more than 3000 at the present time, and their enforced removal to the low (or S. W.) bank of the river lias lonj,' rendered the schools and teachers' houses, and even their Tuscarora church, useless to the Indians, iind has necessitated the building of fresh schools and places of worship, and teachers' houses and parsonages. For these purposes large contributions have been made by the Company. The Mohawk Institution has been at various times altered, enlarged, and even rebuilt, and now affords a religious education and superior school teaching for all the children, and agricultural and handicraft practice for the boys and domestic training for the girls — and board, lodging, and clothing for them all — now between 80 and 90 in number. Nearly all these young Indians have usually been and most of them are from the Grand River day schools. Nine day schools on the Tuscarora Reserve are provided by the Company with teachers and school requisites — the fuel however being provided by the Indians. The parents would probably take more interest in the Institution and schools, and in their children's education, and Avould make the school atten- dance more regular if they were to act on, and a little extend tlie excellent suggestion which, in October, 1870, you were good enough to make to the Company through its then Commissioner, the Hon. A. E. Botsford (uow one of the members of the Com- pany) to this effect : — '* That the interest money which the father of each Institution- •* pupil is entitled to receive for such child should be applied " towards the expense of educating, boarding, and clothing " the child." The Indians themselves would do well to sanction the payment of each Institution chihCs interest money to the support of the Institution, and the payment of part at least of each school child's interest money towards the support of the scliool. The Indian Department, when applied to, would no doubt lend its aid to enforce so laudable an appropriation of the children's money. 'J'he Company expects at all events that the general body of Indiana will uow display a more active interest in the welfare of SIX NATIONS INDIAN SCHOOL UOAllD. 105 their children by taking port in the management of the day- schools, and by making a libcrul grant from their ample funds towards the support of these schools. The Company has from time to time, instructed its repre- sentatives to urge the matter upon the people and chiefs ; but finding that these individual efforts (even when aided as they have been by your support and advice), were unavailing to bring the Council of Chiefs to a just appreciation of their duties and responsibilities, the Company, in November, 1875, appointed us a Canadian Sub-Committee, to consider and report on the best means to pursue to induce the Six Nations Indians to undertake the maintenance of the several schools on the Reserve, with power to confer with you, and to invite you to attend our meetings. Supported by many of the most intelligent Indians, we have endeavoured to induce the Chiefs to respond to the solicitations of the Company, and after long consideration of the subject, they have, as we are informed, passed a resolution in Council to assume to themselves forthwith the entire management and support of two of the Company's schools, and also of a tiiird school now supported by the Wesleyan Conference. Such an arrangement as this cannot be considered satisfactory. For thus the New England Company and the Wesleyan Con- ference, after equippingand maintaining the schools in a thorough state of efficiency and under proper inspection, are in eft'ect asked to hand them over to the as yet altogether inexperienced management of the Indian Council, without receiving any guarantee as to their proper managemeut in future. The deep interest you have always taken in the progress of education amongst the Indians under your superintendence, will at once enable you to appreciate the danger of yielding to tiie request of the Council in this instance. Whilst urging the necessity of the Council providing and granting material aid to the schools, we are equally desirous that the Indians should take part in the management, so that they may themselves be gradually trained to assume their entire managemeut and support. We would therefore propose a scheme which we trust will i i ! 166 APPENDIX. meet with your approval and Hupport, and commoud itself to the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs. "We respectfully suggest that the Chiefs of the Six Nations be required to make a grant of at least fifteen hundred dollars per annum (the New England Company at present contributing a like amount) for purely educational purposes in the Company's nine day-schools on the Reserve, and that all these day-schools be placed under the management of a School Board, consist- ing of: Isi. The visiting superintendent. 2nd. Tliree Indians to be elected by the Council. 3rd. Three OfScers of the New England Company, to be appointed by the Company. We would also suggest that the Wesleyan Conference might be induced to place their schools on the Reserve under the management of the Board, provided they had a representation at the Board commensurate with the amount of their grant. For the sake of the Indians we beg that this important matter may receive the earliest convenient consideration of the Indian Department. We may add that this letter has been submitted to and has received t'le sanction of the New England Company in England. We have the honour to be, Your obedient Servants, (Signed) James Chance. R. J. ROBEHTS. ROBEBT ASHTON. 2. Constitution op the School Board op the Six Nations Indian Reserve, as amended 18th Dec. 1878. Whereas the New England Company of London, England, and the Wesleyan Conference of Ontario, have for many years main- tained schools among the Six Nation Indians ; and whereas the Six Nation Indians are desirous of contributing towards the support of such schools and participating in their management ; and whereas it has been suggested by the New England Company, as terms of agreement, that the said Company shall contribute ? 1500 per annum ; that the Council of the Six Nations shall give SIX NATIONS INDIA'S SCHOOL UOAKD. 167 It; ite ive a like sum; and that ench body shall name three representatives, who together with the Visiting Superintendent of Indian Affairs shall constitute a Board of Management ; and should the Wesleyau Conference unite in the scheme and contribute a fair amount, that body shall have one representative at the Board ; and whereas the Superintendent-General of Indian A flairs lios ap- proved of the said proposal of the New England Company, Therefore the New England Company has appointed the Rev. Canon Nelles, the Rev. II. J. Roberts, and Mr. Robert Ashton ; the Six Nations Council has appointed Chiefs John Hill, Moses Martin, and Richard Hill, who, with the Visiting Superintendent, J. T. Gilkison, Esq., will constitute the present and first Board of Management which shall control, regulate, and manage the several Day Schools hitherto maintained by the New England Company, and also those maintained by the Wesleyan Conference, should that body so agree, and such other schools as may hereafter be established by the Board. 1. The name, title, and designation of the said Board shall be *' The School Board of the Six Nations Indian Reserve." 2. The Board shall consist of the seven members above named, who shall continue in office until their successors are appointed. 3. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Board for the transaction of business. 4. The presiding officer of the Board shall be called Chairman, and shall be elected annually. In his absence the members present shall appoint a chairman pro tem. ; the Chairman for the time being shall have a second or casting vote. 5. There shall be a Secretary to the Board, who shall discharge the usual duties of that office during the pleasure of the Board. 0. The Board shall have power to appoint such other officers as may be found requisite. 7. The annual meeting of the Board shall be held on the second Monday in July in each year. 8. The place of meeting shall be the Mohawk Institution, or such other place as may from time to time be most convenient. 9. The Board shall have full authority to confirm, alter, extend or diminish the present school sections ; acquire, remove, repair, and build new school-houses ; furnish the same, provide fuel, and 168 APPKNDIX. do all that is roquiHite for the comfort of the teachers and children, and for the efficiency of the schools. 10. The Board shall have the appointment of all teachers em ployed in the schools under its control, such teachers to hold office during the pleasure of the Board. 11. No person shall he engaged as teacher in any of the Board Schools, but such as can produce satisfactory evidence of good moral character and general fitness for the office ; nor unless ho or she can pass a fair examination in the subjects prescribed by the Provincial Board of Education, for examination for ontraneo into High Schools, or have previously obtained a certificate as a Public School Teacher.* 12. The salaries of teachers and others em])loycd by the Board, shall be fixed by the Board, and paid quarterly by cheque on tiie Bank. 13. The monies from the New England Company, tho Six Nations Council, the Wesleyan Conference, and the Government shall be paid into the Bank of Montreal in Brantford to the credit of the School Board of the Six Nations Indian Keserve, and any cheques thereon shall be drawn by the Secretary, counter- signed by the Chairman, and be payable to order. 14. The minute, account, and other books shall be kept by the Secretary, and together with the Bank passbook and a statement of receipts and expenditure be submitted to the Board at its regular quarterly meetings, 15. A special meeting of the Board may be called at any time by the Chairman, at the request of any three members. 3. Extracts prom Minutes op the School Board of the ISix Nations Indian Reserve. Resolved, that in addition to the subjects of examination for teachers, aa set forth in the Constitution, each teacher in the • See also Extracts from Minutes below. SIX X.VTI0N8 INDIAN SCHOOL DOART). 169 schools controlled by the Board shall be roquiroJ to pass an oxaniination in Scripture history. Resolved, that the annual cxaminotion of school teachers be held in the month of May. 4. Regulations op thij: School Board op the Six Nations Indian Reserve. time for the DUTIES AND POWEES OF TEACHEKS. 1. Time of Opening School. — All teachers shall bo in and open their respective schools for the reception of pupils at least 15 minutes in the morning and 5 in the afternoon before the 8|)cci- fied time for beginning school, in order to afford shelter to those arriving before the appointed time, and during school hours they shall faithfully devote themselves to the duties of their office. Note. — Teachers are not to occupy themselves with anything foreign to the business of the school ; such as reading, letter- writing, needlework, or the care of young children who are not scholars. 2. Employment of Pupils. — They shall give the children under their charge constant employment in the studies prescribed in the authorized programme ; and endeavour, by judicious and diver- sified modes, to render the exercises of the school pleasant as well as profitable. 3. General Principles of Government. — Teachers are to evince a regard for the improvement and general welfare of the ')upils ; treat them with kindness, combined with firmness ; and aim to govern them by their affections and reason, rather than by harsh- ness and severity. Teachers shall also, as far as practicable, exercise a general care over their pupils in and out of school, and shall not confine their instructions and superintendence to the usual school studies ; but, shall, as far as possible, extend the same to the mental and moral training of such pupils, and to their personal deportment, to the practice of correct habits and good manners among them, and to omit no opportunity of iacul- N 170 AI'l'KNDIX. catinp; tlio principles of truth and honesty, the ilutiea of respect to suporiora and obedience to all persona placed in authority over them. 4. llfi^nHters.— They shall keep the daily atid j^eneral registers, in the Inttor of which shall be entered the date of admission of each pnjjil, his or her name, age, and the date of promotion to hi}j;her claases, with such other information as may be from time to time required. 5. Returns. — They shall make sucli returns as may be required for the information of the Board. G. Time Table. — Thoy shall keep, in some conspicuous place in the Bfhool-room, the time-table showinj^ the order of exercises for each day in the week, and the time for each exercise as pre- scribed in the programme of studies for the Board Schools, and shall see that the same is strictly carried out. 7. Classes. — The division of pupils into classes ; as prescribed by the programme, shall be strictly observed; and no teacher shall be allowed to take his or her class beyond the limits fixed for the classes without the consent of the Inspector, except for occa- sional reviews; but individual pupils, on being qualified, may, with the consent of the Inspector, be advanced from a lower to a higher class. 8. Quarterly Examinations. — Each class shall be opened for public examination and inspection during the last week of every quarter, and the teacher shall call upon every pupil in the school, unless excused, to review or recite in the course of such examination, 9. Care of School Property. — They shall exercise the strictest vigilance over the school property under their charge, the build- ings, out-houses, fences, &c., furniture, appai'atus and books belonging to the school, so that they may receive no injury ; and give prompt notice, in writing, to the secretary of the Board of any repairs that may be required to be made to the building, premises, or furniture, and of any furniture or supplies which may be required for the school. 10. Out- Premises. — They shall see that the yarf-s, privies, and other out-buildings are kept in order, and that the school-houses are locked at all proper timea ; and shall require each competent SIX NATIONS INDIAN SCHOOL llOAIll). 171 itest lild- )ok8 land Id of jicb vnd ises nit pupil, in proper rotftlion, to sweep the rooniH daily at noon, and (lust the windows, wuIIh, seats, doHks, &c., in tho same. 11. AbHcncc from school. — Na toai-jier shall bo absent from the school in which ho or whe is employed without pormisHion of the secretary of tho IJoard, except in case of sickness, or other pressing emer<;ency ; in which case Ihe absence of such teacher shall be immediately reported to tho nearest nuMnber of tfio Hoard, who shall report tho same to the secretary of tlie Board. 12. Visitors. — Thoy shall receive tho visitors courteously, and afford those appointed by the Hoard every facility for inspecting and examining into the state of the school. They shall keep the Visitor's Book, in which shall be entered the dates of visits and names of visitors ; and shall allow those who desire to do so to enter remarks in it. 13. Powers to Suspend. — A teacher shall suspend (subject to appeal by the parent or guardian to tho Board) any pupil for any of the following reasons : 1. Truancy persisted in. 2. Violent opposition to authority. Ji. Repetition of any oft'encc after notice. 4. Jlabitual and determined neglect of duty. 5. The use of profane or other improper language. C. General bad conduct, and bad example to the rest of tho school. 7. Cutting, marring, or destroying any of the school property such as buildings, furniture, fences, trees, seats, &c. ; or writing any obscene or improper words on the fences, privies, or any part of tho premises ; provided that any teacher suspending a pupil for any of the causes above-named shall, immediately after such suspension, give notice thereof, in writing, to the parent or guardian of such pupil and to the secretary of the Board, in which notice shall be stated the reason for such suspension ; but no pupil should be expelled without the authority of the Board. 14. Eegulations. — He shall read, or cause to be read, to his school, at least once in each month (or otherwise inform the pupils of), so much of the regulations as shall be necessary to X 'i 172 APPKNDIX. give 1 hem ft proper understanding of the rulcH by which Uioy are governed. RKOULATIONH RKHI'ECTING 1'U1MI,S. 1. I'upils. — No child luider four years of ago can become b ])upil in any of Die liiiard schools, and no child of wliiie parents residing on «)r near the Indian Iteservo can become a pupil with- out first obtaining the consent of the I3j)ard, and if such white children are admitt(>d they are required to provide their own books, etc. ; but their names are not to bo entered upon the registers, nor are they to bo included in the weekly or (piarterly r(>port of attendance. 2. Conduct and Cleanliness. — I'upils must come to school cl<>au and neat in their persons and clothes, be kiiul and courteous to each other, obedient to their instructors, diligent in their studies, and conform to the rules of the school. .*J. Coming late to school shall be considered a violation of the rules of the school, aiul shall subject the delinquents to such penally as the nature of the case may require, at the discretion of tlie teacher. No pupil arriving fifteen minutes after the school has coiinnenced shall be entered on the daily register ■t. Leaving before Closing. — No pupil shall be allowed to depart before the hour ap[)ointed for closing the school, except in case of sickness or some pressing emergency, and then the teacher's consent must first be obtained. 5. Fifteen IMinutes' Recess is to be allowed at 10.15 a.m. and 2.15 p.m. ; pupils arc therefore not to be permitted to leave their classes at any other time, excepting when the teacher con- siders it to be a case of absolute necessity. 0. Punctual Attendance. — Every pupil, ouce admitted to school and duly registered, shall attend at the commencement of each term, and continue in punctual attendance until its clc»se, or until ho is regularly witl drawn by notice to the teacher to that eft'ect; and no pupil violating this rule shall be entitled to continue in such school, or be admitted to any other until such violation is certified by the parents or guardians to have been necessary and unavoidable, which shall be done personally or in writing. 'i'^rfm: wliich llicy an boconic a hiU) parents I pupil witli- l' Huch white tlioir own cd upon the or (|uarterly 3 to school 11(1 courteous ^ut in tlioir SrX. NATIONS INDIAN aCHOOT, UOAKD. 178 7. Going to and from School. -Pupilslshall bo responsible to the toucher for any misconduct on the school promiscH, or in going to and returning from school, except when accompanied by their parents or guardians, or some person appointed by them. 8. Eflects of Expulsion.— No pupil shall be admitted to any Board school who has boon expelled from any school, unless by the written authority of the Hoard. lIOMDArS AND VACATIONS. Every Saturday shall bo a holiday. There shall bo two vacations in the year.— The summer vaca- tion, from the Sth day of July to the 17th day of August in- elusive; and the winter vacation from the 21.Lh day of December to the 2nd day of January inclusive. ition of the its to such discretion 3 after the .agister allowed to lool, except d then the 10.15 a.m. ed to leave acher con- Imitted to inencomont e until its the tcaclicr entitled to ther until 13 to havo personally 175 INDEX. PAfiE Allen, Robert t Annosotlikah, Chief , . . . • 75 Anthony, Rev. A 33, 35, 51 Ashton, Robert 12, 17, 26, 29, 30, 56, 59, 61-&t Ashton, Mrs. Robert 29 Babb, Mr 66 Babcock's Lot 7 Baker, Rev. E. H. M 74 Barefoot, Rev. Isaac 17, 30, 03 Barr, Rev. Isaac 12, 37, 43, 51, (M, Beaver, J 4'!', 48 Beckingham Estate 4 Bethune, Rev. Dr 12 Blomfield, C. J ; 41. Bomborry, Dr 46,47 Borthwick, H.J 21 Brant, Joseph 14, 1 5 Brantford Collegiate Institute 27, 20 British Columbia 72 Bunting, John, jun 4 Butcher, Wm 30, 64 Busk, T. T 12 Canadian Land Grants 6 Carpenter, Dr. P. P 18 Carpenter, Miss Mary 18 Cayuga Station, Parsonage and Glebe 44, 48, 51 Statistical Report on, for year 1873-4 45 Presentation Communion Service 47 Visit of Rev. R. J. Roberts to England 48 Mission Free Library 48, 49 Mission Sunday School Library 49 Departure of Rev. R. J. Roberts 50 Chance, Rev. James . 15, 35-43, 50, 59 Chase, Rev. H. P 79 Charity Commission 2, t , 9-11 Charter Trust Fund ^ 3, 7, 8, 1 1 Chemong Lake Station, Repairs to Buildings 05, (JO Bout House 05 Wesloyan Camp Meeting 05 Railway 05 Now Sheep-house 67 Intoxicating Liquors 09 Free Lending Library 69 Schoolmaster 69 Reports on 66, 09-71 New Scow 70 17G INDEX. PAOK Christio, Hon. D 10, 20, 38 Cleghorn,A 19,20 Cobourg, Peterborough, aud Chomong Railway 65 Comoz 72 Cope, T. P 23 Cowichan 72 Cramaho, Grant of 70 Acres in Township of 13 Crook, George 69 Delaware Mission School Lot 6-0 Dufferin, Earl of 14 Duval, Rev. E. H. ... 82 Elliot, Rev. Adam 19, 33-35,48 Elliot, Mrs 19,35 Elliott, John 28 Fire Insurances 5 Fisher, Miss J. Id. 17, 64 Pyfe,Rov.Dr 21 Gilkison,J. T 20,23,24,38,59,01 Grand River 6 Green, T. D 27 Griffith, Mr. and Mrs 17 Hand-in-Hand Insurance Office Hill, George Hill. G.P 5 47 64 Hill, John 61 Hill, Richard 61 Hurlburt, Rev. E 59,01 Huron, Bishop of 22,37,41,43,44,79 Indian Act, 1876 36,37 Intoxicating Liquors 37, 38, 60 Jamaica Jamieson, Rev. A. Jones, Anna . . . • Kauyonga Station, St. Paul's Church Clearance of 8 Acres of Glebe Withdrawal of Grant to Thomas's School Visit of late Bishop of Lichfield Convention of Temperance Delegates Visit of Hon. D. Laird Re-arrangoment of Mission in 1875 1878 Fire at Parsonage Confirmation Service Visit of Rev. J. Chance to England Removal of Rev. J. Chance Grants to Baptist and Methodist Missionaries . . 83 76 20 36 37 37 37 38 38 41 51 41 41 42 43 43 60 Kidd, Walter . Laird, Hon. David 20, 38 Lees, Miss Florence , 19, 36 Lichfield, The late Bishop of 37 INDEX. 177 PAOK 0, 38 9,20 65 72 22 72 13 69 59,01 6 27 17 5 47 64 61 1 61 61 79 83 76 29 86 37 37 37 38 38 41 51 41 41 42 43 43 69 0,38 9, 36 37 Loch Lomond, Now Brunswick 82 London, Western University of 79 Lorno, Marquis of 5 Lovojoy, W G Ly tton 72 McColI, Ilov. E. C. W 22 McClung, D 7, 9 McGill College 28, 46 Maiiston Court Farm 2, 3, 4 Martin, Moses , 61 Meredith, E. A 21, 59 Meyer, James 12 Middlesex County 79 Mills. Hon, David 23 Mills, James 25, 28 Missionaries, Board of 53-57 Mohawk Church 14, 35 Mohawk Institution, Now Buildings 16 TimoTable 16 Number of Pupils in each Year 17 Visitors' Reports 18-25 Conduct of Pupils 26 Apprentices 26 Winter Entertainments 29 Staff of Teachers 17,29 Superintendent's Visit to PIngland 30 M Annual Reports 31 Organ procured 35 Mohawk Mission School Lot 6, 8 Moliawk Parsonage Lot 11 Morris, Samuel , 22 Mowat, Maclennan, and Downey 13 Muucey Town 79 Nelles, Archdeacon 12,25,34,42,61,62,64 New Brunswick 82 Now Credit 61 Nipsell's Farm 2, 3, 4 Oneida Mission School Lot 6, 7, 8 Onondaga Mission School Lot 6, 7, 8 Patcrson, Wm 23 Powell, Colonel 72 Pumphrcy, Stanley 25 Quinte, Bay of 74 Rettendon Estate 2, 3 Rico Lake Station, Trust Deed 12,68 Railway 65 Reportson 66-69,71 Expenditure at 69 Roberts, Rev. E. R 13,65-70 Roberts, Rev. R. J 23,41,44-50,56,59,61,72 Ryder, Rev. Thos 22 178 INDEX. PAGE Safe, Purchaso of 5 Saskatchewan, Bishop of 81 Six Nations Agricultural Society 38, 43 Six Nations Indian Council 36, 58-60 Six Nations Indian Reserve School Board 58-64 Solly, John 4 Solly, Thomas 4 Stanton's Farm . . , , 2,3 Stanton, Rev. Thomas 74 Suflfolk Place Farm 4 Thomas's Scb'^ol House 37 Timber, Sales of, by Indians 30 Tolleshunt Major School Board 4 Truman, R. J 29, 43 Tuscarora Church , 33-35 Tuscarora Mission Lot 11 Tuscarora Parsonage . . 33, 35, 51 Tuscarora Reserve Day Schools, Teachers' Salaries 53 Report of Bi)ard of Missionaries .. 53-56 Attendance Returns, 1878 57 Transfer to S. N. I. R. School Boai-d. . 59 Tuscarora Reserve Station 51 Vancoughnet, L f, 24 Vancouver Island » . . 50, 72 VValdron, Derwent 83 Walpole Island, Agricultural Show 76 Visiting Superintendent's Reports 77 West Indies 83 Western University of London 79 Whipple, Bishop 36 Whitcombe'K " Manual of Agriculture " 26, 49 Wilds, Wm 9 Williams', Dr., Trust Fund 3,5 LOXDOX : (lILBEnT ANU KIVIXUTOV, I'Kt.VfEIld, ST. John's sqoaus.