IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) /. 1.0 I.I If 1^ IIM •^ 1^ III 2.2 :^ lis IIIIIM 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 .4 6" - » P^ If your druggist or dealer does not keep them send to us and we will lend by luail prepaid. P "■ill' m ■ ,' -•/ ■ . ' NURSING THE 51CK Practical Vi i-f\J'\: • • • J. J. ^h ■:ii^- Jnforrnation TRAINED NURSE :;->.'>: uMijfff; ♦ . :r,n4 DIRECTI0N3 FOR AHATEUR NURSING J ?.iy^ |:'fji( y:.^fj;?^' AT HOnE* i^'st' Untered according to Aet of the Parliaiuent of Canana, in the year 1897 bjr Davis & I,awrkncb Co., IvTD., at the Department of Agricnlture. . v :'.>■. ft* ■ ■r«...0 PUBI^ISHED KY DAVIS & TvAWRENCE CO., I.td. MONTREAI,. -- . : ,.,.-::■■.:■.. 1897. •■ -■,■:':::■' PREFACE. t This little book is issued by the publishers with the nope that it will prove an acceptable acquisition to every household in which it may find its way. It is full of valuable information and is written in a plain, concise •cd accurate manner by one in the profession and we are iure that it will be felt as a " friend in need ' ' in all cases of sickness or disease with which it treats. It deals with all the principles to be observed in nursing the sick and gives accurate instructions of how to earn/ them out There is a chapter on ' * Nursing at Home, ' wtiicli deals In gene*'«iities only, a chapter on ' * Ventilation, ' ' which giv s very explicit directions how to supply the sick room wi',ti pure fresh air without exposing the patient to draughts, and thereby endangering his life, and other equally important instructions on this subject. Then there are chapters on how to " bathe " a sick person, the care of the " bed," how to prepare all kinds of " poul- tices," " stimulating applications," on "Food" and how to prepare it, as well as chapters upon "Accidents," "Emergencies" and "Disinfection," each and every subject being carefully and fully explained. Making it very simple and easy to carry out by the most inexper- ienced person, and we feel confident that it will be highly appreciated by all those who need such instructions in the cate of the sick. DAV.tS & LAWRENCE CO., Ltd. Montreal, January 1898. 1 .- V i I NURSING AT HOME. » <•» » CHAPTER I. NURSING AT HOME. ,"■'•-.■•■ •"'..•prA- ^N the care of the sick, the nurse is second in importance only to the doctor. Very often as far as the comfort of the pa- tient is concerned, she occupies the first place. The doctor comes, prescribes, and goes. It is many hours before the patient sees him again, and in the meanwhile he is left to the ten- der mercies c f the nurseo However wise and judicious the doctor's method of treatment may be, the full eflfect cannot be obtained unless it is intelligently carried out. If he orders a poultice, in inflammation of the lungs^ he wants a warm, soft mass of the proper consistency applied, so that it will not soil the skin or clothing of the patient. He wants it changed at regular intervals, and in such a way as not to give the sufferer cold every time it is removed. Unless the nurse knows how to manage it, the poultice is likely to do as much harm as good. - :: ■■■■': :"■*■•' ^ - "" •-''- n),. •-' -.il'rrf'jj. Let any woman ask herself, " could I give a bath to a person in bed without wetting the clothing or change the under sheet while the bed was occupied?" and she will smile at the seeming im- possibility. When once she is shown how to do it, she only won- ders that she did not discover the right way herself. Sick persons in well-to-do families are sometimes allowed to wear the same clothing for a week and to remain unwashed during a long illness, because the friends believe it impossible to care for them without injuring them. V: ? > • * ; , .-«..... In this little book, practical directions are given for the perform- ance of all these necessary offices. The knowledge of any of them is not taken for granted, and the writer has tried to do it in such a plain and simple manner that no one need mistake the easiest way. ,, ,. ^^.c / . WAiS. pi!,*.«i '.t » ■■ • ; • NURSING THK SICK. CHAPTER II. VENTILATION. HE Tirst requisite iti the sick room i3 pure air. Kmanatious from the body and the breath of the patient are constantly tainting it, and it must be removed or else the soiled air is inhaled over and over again, poisoning both sufferer and nurse. Fresh air can be admitted only through the windows. Two points must be observed. vSupply heat to keep the room at a proper temperature, and protect the sick person from draughts. Those iif^ied rarely take cold— never, if properly protected. I,o\ver the window at tlie top a few inches. If the upper sash is not made to open, remove the cleats underneath it and move them iown the required distance. Where the upper and lower sash lap, there is a space which ad- niiis a constant current of fresh air. If the bed is near the window, place a screen between them. If the weather is too cold to permit of the window being kept open, cover the patient's head and all, with an extra blanket, and open the window three or four times a day, keeping on the extra covering until the room is warm again. If a room is cold, it is no sign the air is fresh. Cold air may have been breathed over and over until it isas impure as warm air. The •Illy safety lies in constantly changing the air. A thermometer should hang in every sick room and the temperature be kept at 68*, except in fever, and then at 65". An open fire is the best heat pro- ducer, because it helps to carry the bad air up the chimney and acts as a ventilator as well. In summer, place a lighted lamp in the fire place, or if there is a stove-pipe hole in the chimney, take the tin stopper out of it. When the room is heated by a stove, a coil of pipes, or a register, keep a saucepan of boiling water on it to gite •ff steam to mdisten the air. In order to keep the air pure, no vessel that has been used must be allowed to remain in the room, a moment longer than is abso- lutely necessary. A little disinfectant solution should be kept standing in them. Covers should be provided, and the moment tbe patient has finished using one, it should be carried away and emptied, well scalded with boiling water and rinsed in the disin- fectants. Vessels of the proper .shape for use in bed can be obtained at a small expense, and no sick person should be allowtd to get out of bed for any purpose whatever. It exhausts the strength un- Becessarily ahd is a fruitful source of colds. The India rubber bed 0^ NUKSINC Till-; SICK. 5 lanatious >nstanlly oiled air siilierer viiidows. >om at a rauglits. 1. r sash is )vetbem tuch ad- vindow, > permit and all, times a 1 again, ay have r. The ometer ;at68», ?at pro- ey and > in the ke the a coil ogite must abso- kept mient and disin- ained ± out un- bed pans and urinals are very valuable, particularly the former, for use -when the sufferer is thin and cannot bear the contact -with the hard surface of an earthen one. They require to be rinsed in a strong solution of chloride of lime or carbolic acid after each using. If possible, the carpets should be removed from the floor and the surface wiped every day with a damp cloth "wrong out of a solution of corrosive sublimate. The woodwork should be dusted with & similar cloth, and any article of furniture lightly gone over with the same. This makes the room perfectly fresh and sweet. If the carpet cannot be taken up, sweep with a carpet sweeper or a broom covered with a cloth dampened in corrosive sublimate, and burn the dust. Remove curtains from windows and bed, all draperies and unnecessary pieces of furniture, to leave no hiding place for dust. Perff ct cleanliness does much towards keeping the air iok the room pure. CHAPTER III. . , ,, BATHING. _-.--/. . . •,: ,,^ >NLHSS the doctor specially forbids it, a sick person shouldf. have a bath every day. This keeps open the pores of the. skin, and enables the system to throw off through them. a vast amount of waste matter wMch cannot be retained. in the body without injury to it. A sponge bath can be easily and. quickly given without causing an undue amount of fatigue. Before beginning, collect at the bedside all the tilings that wilt be needed : two blankets, two towels, a basin of tepid water, a pitcher of warm water to replenish it as it cools, a wash cloth and soap, Palino-Tar or PalmoSulphur soaps are valuable in diseases^ of the skin, and PalmoCatbolic soap in any infectious diseases, as- scarlet fever or measles. They can be obtained at any drug store. If the night clothes are to be changed, have the clean ones, aired: and warmed, close at hand. .. j^;^^,, y. jv.r - L,t . . y,;';„j ^t. Fold one of the blankets end to end, and beginning at the ends. roll it about half its width. Move the patient over to one side or the bed and tuck the upper bed clothes around him. On the cleared spaco lay the blanket with the roll toward the patient. Tu«k the free edge under the mattress. Lift the patient over the roll on the NURSINCV THK SICK. blanket. Utiroll it ou the other side. Lay the second blanket over the upper bed clothes, and, holding it in place with one hand, draw them away underneath it, leaving the patient covered with it alone. A second blanket can be added if one seems too light a covering. To remove the night-dress draw it up at the back until the whole length lies in folds under the neck. Lay the arms above the head, on the pillow. Raise the head with one hand, and with the other, slip the folds over the head, holding them gathered in the hand for the purpose. Keep the upper blanket well up to the chin, and under its shelter draw the night-dress ofFthe arms and take it away. Bathe the face, neck and ears carefully, and dry them. Pass the hand holding the wash-cloth under the blanket and wash one arm; wipe it, and then do the other. When this is finished bathe the chest, turn the patient on the side and do the back ; also the back of the thighs, drying each part before wetting the next. Turn again on the back and bathe the front of the thighs, the legs and feet. Attend carefully to the nails, paring them if necessary. When it is desired to change the under sheet, have the clean one rolled half way across from side to side. Lay the roll next the patient, pushing the soiled sheet before it. Tuck the free edge under the mattress, lay the patient on the smooth place, go to the other side of the bed, pull off soiled sheet, unroll the fresh one, and tuck the edge in firmly. To change the upper sheet without exposing the patient, lay the -clean one on top of the bed clothes with a blanket over it, and draw them out underneath it. Wash the teeth with a clean rag dipped in borax water, or what is still better, get from your druggist a bottle of Alkaline and Anti- septic Tablets. They are cleansing and very refreshing. When the lips or skin are rough or chapped, moisten them with Hind's Honey and Almond Cream, and repeat the application se- veral times in the day. In bathing a baby that is afraid of water, place a small blanket over the tub, lay the child on it and gently lower it into the water. When sponge baths are given to reduce the heat of the body in fever, Alcohol or Bay rum is added to the water, and the skin ia^ not dried because the moisture evaporating helps to copl it. NURSING THK SICK. ,! .d>.- t i^-.U ••,'.1 CHAPTER IV. THK BCD. , 1 <" JHB best bed for a sick person is a wire woven mattress with a soft hair mattress over it. A feather bed should not be used if it is possible to avoid it. To make the bed, spread a clean sheet on the mattress^ tuck it under and pin it at the four corners underneath the mattress. This keeps it smooth and tight, an important point in the preven- tion of bed sores. Rubber sheeting can be bought by the yard, and is not expensive. Have a strip one yard wide and long enough to lie across the bed, and tuck well under on each side. Fold this strip in a sheet, and place it in the middle of the bed, pinning the ends under the mattress on each side. This saves the lower sheet, and can be easily changed with very little disturbance to the patient. Tuck the top sheet in at the foot of the bed and leave the sides free. Add as many blankets as are required, but no more. I'lor- ence Nightingale sayS; " Feverishness is supposed to be a symptom of fever ; nine times oat of ten it is a symptom of bedding." Have one or two pillows as required. Do not let the invalid lie with his head in a hole. Turn the pillows frequently to present a cool, fresh surface to the hot face. If the sufferer is very thin, a long, narrow pillow placed between the legs to prevent the knees from touching, prevents chafing. When the bed is frequently wet or soiled, it is well to keep an old sheet folded several times under the patient or, to use a small one as a napkin, arranging it like a child's. In these cases, special at- tention must be paid to washing, drying and powdering the parts^ touched by the discharges. ^ ^/vi^;^;' Continued pressure on any part of the body stops the circulation of the blood through it, and as no nourishment is SORES carried to it, the tissue dies. This is the reason why bed sores form in those places where the weight rrsts as the sick person lies in bed. The lower part of the spine, the hips, elbows and heels must be bathed every day with alcohol, and when that dries off, powdered with cornstarch. This helps to toughen- the skin. The moment any redness appears, a wash made of equal parts of Goulard Water and Tincture of Catechu, which can be ot> tained from any druggist, should be used to still further harden it. :8 NURSING THE SICK. The patie«t must be frequently turned on one side, to give the affected partsrelief. Ifhe is too weak for Ibis, then a rubber cushioii, Avilh a hole in the middle, must be placed under him, so that the sore spot will rest over the hole. Thick pillows can be arrangeil above and below, to take the weight off it, if a rubber cushion can- Hot t)c had. ' ',"■:■ . '• ^r>|f:V. > Keeping the cross sheet free from crumbs, the patient dry, well Tubheil with alcohol and powdered, and when possible, frequent change of position, will usually prevent them. If, in vSpite of every precaution, the skin shows signs of cracking, rub it with oxide of zinc ointment, and relieve it from pressure at -any cost. / >. If matter forms, wash it every day with w iter containing a little carbolic acitl, and dress it with the oxide of zinc or boro-glyceride ointment, spread on a piece of soft linen fastened on with strips of adhesive plaster. Do not let this plaster ci'oss the sore, but strap it along the sides of the square of the linen, leaving it long enough to take ft firm hold on the well skin beyond. Bed sores often take away the patient's last chance of life, by exhausting his strength, so precautions against them cannot be taken too soon. The points to be remembered are, keep the under sheet smooth and dry ; change the position several times a day ; if Ihis cannot be done, arrange something to take the pressure off the part. .iV CHAPTER V. POULTICES. -)■•-. >■ j ^IvAXSEED meal is the best material for poultices. Have a sufficient quantity of water boiling in a saucepan ; a pint is enough to make a good-sized poultice. Stir i« handfuls of the meal until the njass is thick enough not to run when spread, but not too stiff. It need not boil. Have ready a square of cotton about two inches large r each way than •the poultice is to be when finished. Spread the flaxseed on this about half an inch thick, leaving a margin of cotton all around it. Turn this margin up on the poultice like a hem to prevent its running out. Have a square of cheese cloth or muslin to lay over the poultice, to prevent the flaxseed from touching the skin. If it is not applied to a discharging wound the flaxseed can be ©craped off the cotton into the saucepan when it is cold, and heated aga tbi \ 5pC W m 2 C 9 & r- X a 2 o o n 9 2 X o T > >H NURSING TH15 SICK, ^ agaiu, more water being added .f it is too stiflF, or meal if it is too thin. When onions are ordered, bake them until tender, mash with a spoon, spread on the cotton, cover with muslin, and apply. A poultice should always be changed before it gets cold, once in two hours is a good rule if they are not ordered oftener. Have the xa NURSING THE SICK. FOMEN- TATIONS. fresh one ready to put on before removing the other, and bring it to the bedside rolled up on a hot plate to keep it warm. When a poultice is discontinued, dry the skin thoroughly, and " cover the part with one or two thicknesses of flannel. A poultice jacket is made of oiled muslin lined with cotton bat- ting. Have it in two pieces to cover the back and chest, and fasten, on the shoulders and under the arms with strings. Put the poul- tices on underneath it, making them as large as is necessary. It is a good plan to cover any poultice with a newspaper, folded in flannel, to keep in the heat. If weight is no objection an India Rubber Hot Water Bag, half filled with hot water, can be laid over it. This prevents the need of changing it so frequently. These are lighter than poultices, and more quickly got ready. They must be changed very often as they cool al- most immediately. Provide two pieces of flannel large enough to be folded once, a stout towel, a ba- sin, and a kettle of boiling water. I^ay the towel in the basin with the ends hanging over the sides, in the middle of it place one piece of the flannel folded, pour on enough boiling water to cover it. Take the dry ends of the towel, one in each hand, and twist them in opposite directions at the same time lifting it out of the water. This will squeeze it perfectly dry, without burning the hands. Un- twist the towel, take out the hot, moist flannel, shake it and lay it on the patient. After the fomentations arc discontinued, dry the part and cover it with warm, dry flannel. See that the night-dress and sheet are not wet. Sometimes mustard is added \o the water when there is great pain ; a heaping teaspoonful to the p'.at. The mustard water can be heated more than once. ., . A hot water bottle is invaluable as a means of applying dry heat. Persons who suffer from sleeplessness usually have DRY H EAT. cold feet. The hot water bottle relieves this symp- tom by drawing the blood to them. The pressure on the brain being lessened, sleep follows. The steady heat is very soothing to sufferers from rheumatism, neuralgia, face-ache, or ear- ache. The plain ones should be wrapped in a towel before apply- ing. When a hot water bottle cannot be obtained, a vStone jug or a common bottle can be used, but it is a clumsy substitute, and the weight is in many cases a great objection. r*'.,. NURSING Tlli; SICK. II CHAPTER VI. STIMULATriMG APPLICATIONS. 'EDICINAIv plasters come prepared ready to put on, and ku^ the nurse has only to follow the directions in applying them. Those of mustard should always be kept in the house for an emergency. If it is a home made one, take two spoonfuls of mustard to one of wheat flour, rub them smooth with a little water, and with a knife spread the paste evenly on a square of cotton. Cover it with a piece of thin muslin, and turn the edges up as directed for a poultice. Lay it on the part and examine it in a few minutes, to see that it is not blistering. As soon as the skin is very red, remove it, and wipe the part dry with a soft cloth. Twenty minutes is usually long enough to leave it on . If the burning is intense after its removal, dust the place thickly with flour or toilet powder. The D. & L. Menthol Plaster is used with great success in all muscular pains, stiflFness, backache, neuralgia, and rheumatism. Wring a flannel out of hot water, sprinkle it thickly with Perry Davis' Pain-Killer and apply. This is a good appli- oBree cation, fof it does not blister, and is quickly made ready. To give an enema to a person in bed, lay the patient on the left side, arrange the bed clothes carefully to prevent any ENEMAS, unnecessary exposure, place a square of rubber sheeting. to catch any drops that may fall. Oil the nozzle and insert it gently. If it meets with any resistance withdraw it partially, change the direction a little and try again. For a pur- gative enema use from two to four pints of warm soap-suds. Fill the syringe once or twice to expel the air before using it, and in- ject the fluid very slowly. vV', ,. After using, squeeze clean water through it a few times, wipe it and hangit up by the open end to dry. s .■ When there is obstinate constipation, salt is added to the water, or olive oil mixed with it, four tablespoonfuls to the pint. Never use oil or turpentine in a soft rubber syringe. ^ . , „v .^ ,^,' Starch and laudanum are used for prolonged diarrhoea. Thirty drops of laudanum to four tablespoonfuls of thin, cold starch. 11 I 12 NURSING THIi SICK. These are much used in uterine diseases. They can be given with any bulb syringe, a Fountain or combination. DOUCHES. Ifonehastobe given in bed, as is the case after confinement, raise the hips on pillow or folded Uanket, place a basin in position if a bed-pan is not obtainable, use the vaginal nozzle. It is dangerous to give a douche with a nozzle perforated at the end, as air may be injected into the uterus. The water should flow out as rapidly as it flows in, and the douche be continued until it comes away clear. The bed must be protected with a square of rubber sheeting. CHAPTER VII. LIQUID FOOD. ^n serious illness, the stomach cannot digest solid food, and life has to be supported upon fluids. It is vtry important that the nurse should know how to prepare a variety, sa that the patient may not become disgusted with any one article of diet. Milk alone will sustain life for a long time. Sometimes it is too- rich and must be diluted with limewater, or otherwise prepared for digestion. ' \ . ' .. , »^:«^-»''5"'? To make limewater, procure a lump of lime,put it in an earthern MILK AND jar and pour coldwater upon it. Let it stand until LIME- it subsides ani the particles of lime fall to the bot- WAT C R torn. Pour off the clear liquid, strain and Ixjttle it. The quantity of water put on the lime is of «o consequence. Add two tablespoonfula of the lime water to a cup of milk. ■^^^ !><.?' -*^'> '■^'^ This is milk already partially digested by means of its prepara- p_p_ tion with piincreatin. Take alx)ut a quarter of a teaspoonful of the pancreatic extract and a pinch or common baking soda. Dissolve these in half a cup of water, and add this to one pint of milk. Pour the whole into a bottle and stand it in warm water of a temperature of i ro° by the thermometer. Keep the water at this point for half an hour. Re- move the bottle and put it on ice to stop the digestive process. If ice cannot be obtained, boil the milk for a minute. Peptonized milk will be retained when a sensitive stomach would reject it in other forms. Gniet can be peptonized in the same way when it is made with milk. TONIZED MILK. NURSING THB SICK. 'S One quart of fresh milk, a quarter of a compressed yeast cake^ one tablespoonful of sugar syrup. ;.• ..l ^ KOUMISS. Make the syrup by covering one tablespoonful of sugar with water and boiling a few minutes until •clear. Dissolve the yeast cake in warm water. Put this and the syrup into the milk and all into a bottle. Shake well to mix the ingredients thoroughly. Cork with a cork that has previously been soaked in hot water until soft. Drive the cork in well and tie it down with a strong string. Put it in a cool place, a tem- perature of 52** is desirable, and lei it remain for sixty hours. After that, keep it in the refrigerator or a dark, cold cellar. Open with a champagne tap, as it flies over everything if the cork is drawn. It is used with great success in diseases of the stomach, consump- tion, chronic bronchitis, fevers, and any wasting disease. It helps to produce sleep without leaving any bad after effects. ^ Albumen is an important part of an invalid's diet, and as white tVIILK AND of egg is nearly pure albumen, it is very valuable. WHITE OF It can be given in milk, without the patient being EGG. aware of its presence. Put a teacupful of milk and the white of an egg into a bottle, cork tightly and chake for three minutes. A few grains of salt can be added, or sugar if preferred. Water can be subitituted for the milk, with a teaspoonful of lemon iuice to give it davor. „,. j; ^yhii-: ■■, i.;v;f-':.y:? ^J. t-;'v ;.?^' O'-j is'nm^. Half a pint of milk, one tablespoonful of brandy, or two of whis- key, or three of sherry, a little sugar and grated nutmeg. I'our into a bottle, and shake three mi- / ' uutes. Crush two *' Rennecine Tablets " and dissolve in a tablespoonful of water, add to one pint of milk slightly warmed, a firm curd will be produced. When the curd is set, break it up with a fork ; let it stand half an hour and pour off ths whey. Sherry may be added to flavor it if desi- red, and sugar if it is liked. v.l,.^tu,;fi.^ ■: idi v.rA ""'l-.Z'^. '■"■' ; J Beat an egg light ; stir in a scant teaspoonful of sugar, put it in a glass and fill with milk. A few drops of Royal Ex- EGG NOG. tract of Vanilla can be added, or the yellow of a lemon rind carefully grated so that none of the Wtter white pith comesoffwith it, either is a pleasant flavoring. Both should be mixed with the suga: If stimulant is ordered, stir it in MILK PUNCH. MILK WHEY, 14 NURSING run SICK. i.-f OATMEAL GRUEL. RICE CREAM. last, as the alcohol cooks the egg and hardens the sugar if put in before the milk. Have ready in a saucepan one pint of boiling water. Moisten one heaping tablespoonful of oatmeal with two ta- blespoonfuls of cold water, add salt, and stir the oatmeal with the boiling water. I^t it boil slowly one hour. The gruel can be sweetened or flavored with cinnamon or len^<^n juice to taste. It can also be made with milk instead of water. If too thick, it can be thinned with milk after it is cooked* INDIAN Make the same as oatmeal gruel without the flavor- MEAL ing. Long, slow boiling is essential to success witib GRUEL. gruels. , -v Wash two tablespoonfuls of rice and boil> in one quart of water for an hour. Add lemon juice or Royal Extract of Lemon and sugar to taste, or if sweet is not liked, a little salt or the lemon juice alone, .1 Neck of beef is the best part for beef tea or beef juice. Cut one pound of meat in inch sc^uare pieces removing any BEEF TEA. particle of fat. Pour over it one pint of cold water and add a little salt. Put it in a saucepan on the back of the stove where it will heat gradually. When it comes to the boiling point, put a hot cover under it and let it stand one hour, hot but not boiling. Pour off the iuice, holding back the meat with a spoon. Do not strain it. v: ; - > * Cut half a pound of juicy beef as fine as possible. Cover it with one pint of cold water, add five drops of muriatic acid and a pinch of salt. Let it stand an hour and a half, strain off the iuice and give either hot or cold. 1< heated do not allow it to boil. ».. . . ^ ,,.g .^,, ^., Have a thick slice of juicy steak cut from the top of the round. Cut it in strips ; hold it on a gridiron over a clear JUICE. fire for a minute to draw the juice to the surface. Press out the juice with a lemon squeezer or any pressure that can be brought to bear on it. Either this recipe or the following one is valuable when nourish- ment is to be given by enema. Add one grain of pepsin to each lablespoonfulof beef juice and let it stand half an hour im warm water at 100* Pahr. This partially digests the food before it onters BEEF ?^ EXTRACT. NURSING THK SICK. 15 igar if put ia er. Moisten with two ta- and stir the it boil slowly ith cinnamon ilk instead of r it is cooked, ut the flavor- > success with [uart of water al Extract of s not liked, a ice. Cut one removing any of cold water cepan on the t comes to the nd one hour, ck the meat ..o '! ".« Cover it with 8 of muriatic m hour and a r hot or cold. of the round. over a clear the surface. leezer or any ,1"- ■'. "^ hen nourish- jpsin to each tour iM warm ore it anters i the bowels, and enables it to be more easily absorbed to nourish the body* :>'• •'■'■': f -■'■'■■ - ■;-- ■ ^ - - •■ ■• r ' ■ ■• Half a pint of oysters, half a pint of milk, one teaspoonful of butter, one dessertspoonful of flour, salt to taste. *a CHAPTER IX. NURSING IN SPECIAL DISEASES. '.» .- 1 •■» .t ■ A.J- tf ■^ } pSHERE are some simple ailments that can be successfully '' treated by an inexperienced person without the help of a ■^ doctor ; but when there is any doubt whether a case is serious or not, he should always be sent for. It is a thousand times better to send for him ten times unnecessarily, than once to put it off until it is too late, and it saves money, time and strength in the end to have his advice early in the illness. >_a* If rest, warmth and abstaining from solid food for ten or twelve hours, with a free movement of the bowels, does not bring about a change for the better, it is a case for the doctor, and he should be "Called at once. •■ " ' Symptoms /—An almost constant, fixed pain, aching, heaviness, .rk«^>i, a sense of weight, fullness, or pressure and discom- GESTION. fort after eating. ,,^,, rf.^,,.,., ,_ , ^v^ ;«iv J* - Remedies: — Plenty of exercise, in the open air if o I n a 1 S o o m So X o • < > r NURbING THH SICK. 19 possible, using the arms and chest muscles as in sawing »'^oo< or sweeping. Soda Mint Tablets, two at intervals often minutes after eating. Peptonic Pills often afford relief when everything else fails. Take one or two immediately after eating. . , Fellows' Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites is of great use in fiTing tone to the system, r NURSING TUiV SICK. **D.& U" Bmuldon of Cod Liver Oil with Hypophoaphitet ci Xime aud Soda is also of great value in such cases. The bowels should be regulated by a daily enema of hot water, «n by some simple laxative as Campbell's Cathartic Compound. Z?fW.-— -What agrees with one will not with another, so different kinds of food must be tried — snch as Koumiss, Peptonized Milk, Oatmeal (>;rnel or porridge, Cracked Wheat, Rye Bread, soft boiled or poached eggs, rare meat, raw beef scraped, mixed with bread crumbs, made into pats and heated through on a gridiron ; baked yotatoer, broiled fish, rice pudding, or any simple blanc mange. ^mulants should be avoided, and tea or coffee used in moderation. A good Malt Extract owing to the process it has gone through, il it has been carefully prepared is a capital thing as it is at once taken up by the system without taxing the digestive organs in the least. It is an excellent assistant to digestion and a "Nutritive 'Tonic." WyethsisthebesL This proceeds from a variety of caoses, and various remedies must be tried. •TIPATION Hoist applications over the bowels may be tried. A piece of flannel wrung out of warm watar and squeezed as dry as possible, can be bound on with a broad bandage, «nd worn for two or three hours a day. Kneadmg the Bowels : — Every morning before rising, the bowels should be pressed or kneaded, beginning low down on the right side working up across the abdomen and down the left side, finish- ing with a general pressing and rubbing of the whole surface. The operation should continue about ten minutes. Fluid: — Sometimes a glass of cold water before breakfast, aud another at ten o'clock will be effectual. Diet: — Brown bread, Indian meal parridge with molassec, oat> Vieal, fresh fruit, vegetables, very little rvisat, stewed prunes and -Apples, figs soaked over night and cr.ten iu Jie .: lorning, andcofiee without sugsr. This is a symptom that the digestive: tract is out of order, cather than a disease in itself. When it becomes chronic, OlARRH/W .• —Boiled milk and lime water, Rice water, Whtat A«mr gruel, Koumiss. Later, milk toast. Medecine : — A dose of castor oil, from a dessertspoonful to a tablespooti/ulfiocixwy ofi i he undigested foo|BB*f laudanu.i mptoms: Feverishness, difficulty in swallowing, stifi"ness of the neck and swelling of the glands of the throat outside. Treatment : Send for the doctor. There is no time for trifling with home remedies. Follow his directions exactly. Isolate the patient. Gargle the throat with chlorate of potash tablets dissolved m water, until the doctor comes. If there is not a camel's hair brush at hand make a little swab for applying lotions to the throat by twisting a clean rag on a piece of stick. See that these appli- cation are put in the throat when it is left to you, and that lood and medicine are swallowed. Provide old soft cloths to receive the discharge from nose and mouth and burn them as soon as used. Disinfect everything that leaves the sick-room. , , If there are broken places anj-^where in the skin keep them covered with carbolized vaseline, especially about the nose and mouth. Diet : This must be the nu\st nourishing possible and concen- trated on account of the difficulty in swallowmg. Beef juice, beef extract mixed with an equal proporiion of cream, milk and white of egg. If brandy is ordered give it in milk. Do not allow the patient to get ( at of bed or sit up without the Doctor's permission, even in convalescence, as there is danger of paralysis of the heart. Symptoms : Headache and feverishness for two days, then a bright red rash appears, first on the face and neck. ^Fe*iB*H '*' ^^ spreads evenly over the surface of the skin, and is not raised to the touch as the rash of measles is. I^ever runs high and the throat is sore. The rash^ is sometimes -visible before it appears outside. It is not infectious until th« throat begins to be sore. NUKSilNG THI-; SICK. '■9$ false -pro- :lock shed the rom lime Tess- the does d or Treatment ; Isolate the patient. Keep him in bed, and the room at a tv-uipcrature of 65°. Give him a warm spotige baih, avoiding exposure. As the distase progresses and the ^kin begins to peel, keep the boh, fever. About the end ot the ^pp\/Po^ first week th i ahdf»men Kw.-lls and sometimes there i.s diarrhoea ir. this case the uioli jus are a yellow- ish color, like pea soup. Treatment : Much c.cjpends upon the nnrsing. 'J'ne precnutions against bed sores must be taken from the slart, \.he patient kept clean and dry as directed in Chapter IV, Diet : Peptonized milk, milk and Yxrm wiier, milk and white of egg, koumis"!, buttermilk, beef juice, b-ief i-xtrHct, mutton and chicken broLh. Give no solid food wituout doctor's permission. Disinfect the discharges, as the disease is communicated by their means. Keej) the temperature a*; 65**. Pure air is i-f vital impor- tance. Jjn not let the patient be rx« ited or worriezenges. If the paroxysm is very violent, give Elixir Bromide •f Ammonium, two teaspoonfuls. If the child is delicate, tonics will be required towards the close of the case. Wyeth's Liquid Halt Extract and the " D. & L." Emulsion of Cotl Liver Oil with Hypophosphites are very good. Diet: The most nourishing. that can be taken, plenty of rnilk^ eggs, oatmeal, and fresh meat. NURSING THR SICK. ^ of buiter, the fat of lielpiug a ay. New forfn, and en beaten are good. Toniatoes, ables are found a jrsteni and It may be caused iu necks, sores in e aflFected. Dr. Chan- 5. & L." and Soda, 3 Carbolic ?gs, fresh raking an uth causes- d of deler- not. Any lin warm ich pain a regulated he patient us. ed. illness the iroxysms, hoke. It and lasts I sore, the tight and lud fcsquill ■ Bromide ite, tonics I's Liquid r Oil with y of milk. CHAPTER X ACCIDENTS A, EMERGENCIES. >RY to fix a few general principles in the mind as to what to do when an accident happens, and then ^vhen the ttikl comes, keep cool and put thtm in practice. In sending for the doctor, write a short statement of the case, that he may know what has happened, and what instruments and appliances to bring. Keep always in the house an old sheet torti in strips about two inches wide, for bandagc-s ; pieces of old linen, like the middle of pocket-handkerchiefs, or fine table linen, for wounds or bums; a box of carbolic salve, a bottle of 'Perry Davis' Pain-KiUer, a roll of Surgeons' rubber adhesive plaster, and a roll of absorbent cotton. Wounds, — Wash the part well in cold water. If it is a clean cut, when the bleeding stops, draw the edyes together BLEEDING, and. si rap with narrow strips of rubber plaster, leaving a space between each. I^ay a piece of cotton wet in cold water over it, and fasten with a li^^lit bandage. After twenty-four hours dress it with carbolic salve spread on linen. When the bleeding does not stop and the blood soaks through the bandage, it is probable that an artery is cut. Tiike off the dressings, raise the limb and bind a wrt cloth tighly on the bleed- ing point. If the blood coniinues to drip, fold a hard ball or small round stone in a strip of cotton, ])lace it on the inside of the limb, just under the swell of the muscle near the ami pit or groin, and tiethe b.indage tighly around the limb. A stick can be passed through the knot, and the bondage twisttd to increase the compres- sion. This brings the sides of the artery t( gelher, stops the blood and saves life. Carbolic salve, or Friar's Bali^am, is the best dres- sing f'>r a wound after the bleeding has stopped. r^.v^.se th3 patient into a half sitlin'^ position with pillows.' Give BLFEOlwr piecesof ice a!ul a]iply an ice bag to the chest, or a FRor.l THE nib!)er hot w iter bap, filkd with cold or ice water, LUNGS. Krep the sufferer properly qnieV, allow no talking and show no alarm. The blood is bright red when coughed up. This is an early sympt'im of typhoid fever, but often means _ nothing more than a little fulness in the head. Make FROM THE the patient lean back iu a chair, and hold a wet NOSE, sponge to the nos_ to receive the blood. Wrap a piece of ice in flatinel and hold it to the back of the neck. Sniff cold salt and water up the nostrils. If the flow is still alarming, send for the doctor, as the nose will have to be plugged. If possible, raise the bruised part so that the bloc 3 will run away from it. Aoply clo'hs wrung out of ice water^ do BRUISES. not lee them drio but rhange often to keep them cold. If there js nmch pain, bathe the affected part : with Pain-KiUer, and follow directions on each bottle. 30 NLfRSlNO THli SICK. r :?' ,.» »f« Soak the part in water as hot as can be borne, adding more to keep up the heat for t n hour. Then wrap it in flannel 8 PRAI N S. wrung out of boiliue vater, lay a Rubber Hot Water bottle against it, and change as often as is necessary to keep it hot. After twenty-four hours wrap in dry flannel, still continuing the hot water bottle. " J erry Davis ' ' Pain-Killer will help to relieve the pain. Apply it warm. The Compress is best. Sk'^page II. If air is cut oflF from fire it cannot burn. Therefore when a women's clothes take lire the first thought should BURNS. be to smother it as quickl/ as possible. Any wollen material wrapped around hor will do this. If none is at hand, roll her over and over on the floor if there is no water at hand. Tell her to keep her mouth closed, so as not to swallow the flame. When the fire is out, drench the clothing over the burned parts and then rw/ it away. If patches stick, do not pull them off. Wring cloths out of baking sodasiirred into water, cover the burns and keep them wet. Lay blankets on a bed with any -^vater-proof covering over them, and lift the suJBferer on them. If the body is much burned, raise the upper bed clothes on boxes so as not to touch it. Cover the unburned jparts with blankets. Give warm milk and brandy if the pulse is feeble from the shock. Send for the doctor as soon possible. Very nourishing food is needed. ' A cloth wet in *' Perry Davis " Pain-Killer and kept wet is a good remedy for a slight burn. After a few days it can be dressed with Vaseline. Treat like burns. In most cases, covering the surface with *• Perry Davis " Pain-Killer will give relief. Paint on several SCALDS. layers as each dries. If a child swallows boiling water give white of egg and milk, and pieces of ice to suck. Apply hot fomentations to throat until the dctor comes. The heart ceases to act for one moment, the supply of blood to the brain is cut off, and the person loses conscious- FAINTING. ness. Lay him, or her, flat on the back. Lower the head, or raise the feet of the bed or sofa. Unfasten the clothing about the neck and waist. These measures are usually sufficient. If not, hold ammonia to tlu* nose, press both-hands on the chest and raise them quickly. Dash cold water in the face. Give a little strong stimulant. In desperate cases try artificial nspiration. • In 7%r£>a/.— Sometimes a smart slap on the back will dislodge it and send it down. It can be pushed down with the BODIES. fi^Jger oi a blunt stick ; if not too large. A fork and s * the handle of a spoon, can be passed, one above and one below it to draw it out. Tickling the throat will cause vomiting, wltich will expel small substances. NT7KS1NG THF. SICK. 3« In Nose. — A pinch of snuff, or a few grains of red pepper to «xcite sneezing will usually remove it. If not, bend luc end of a piece of fine wire slightly, work it up behind the obstruction and nook it down* In Eat. — Turn the head with the ear downwards, and give it a ► smart slap on the other side. If this does not succeed . syringe the «ar gently with warm water from a bulb syringe and it will float out. In the Eye. — Bathe the eye with warm water. Draw down the lower lid and if the particle that is causing the trouble can be seen, remove it, a fold of handkerchief over the head of a pin is a good instrument. If it is under the upper lid, lay a pencil outside the eye and turn the edge of the lid up over it, then take out the atom. If it is a speck of lime, or any alkali, bathe the eye in weak vinegar. If it is a drop of acid, wash it in baking soda and water. Keep down the inflammation by applving one thickness of cloth wrung out of ice water and not allowed to get dry. In the Stomach. — Children often swallow tacks, marbles and other indigestibles articles. Give a good meal of oatmeal porridge bread and milk, bread pudding, or any soft food and it will in all probability pass away without any trouble. Keep watch of the motions for a day or two, to see that it is discharged. When poison has been swallowed, the treatment must be prompt to be of any use. There are two classes of remedies PO»ISON- to be administered, and whichever is most readily to be got should be given first, these are : — 1. Emetics. 2. Antidotes. Get the poison out of the stomach as soon as possible by an «metic. Tickling the back of the throat with the finger, or a feather, will cause vomiting. One tumbler after another of luke-warm water will do the same. The principal classes of poisons are :— Alkalies, as potash, ammonia, etc. For these, acids are the anti- dotes as vinegar, lemon juice, etc. Acids as oxalic acid, carbolic acid, etc., for which Alkalies &xc the antidotes as baking soda, lime wattr, magnesia, etc. Acrid poisoHw. ; as croton oil, alcohol, turpentine, etc., for which mucilages are the antidotes; as gum arabic dissolved in warm water, starch dissolved in cold water and thickened with boiling water, arrowroot made in the same way, etc. Irritant poisons ; as corrosive snblimato, arsenic, saltpetre, calo- mel, copperas, etc. The symptoms a e much the same asin acrid poisons, but they affect the lK)we1s mf>re^ permanently. The anti- dote is albumen, as white of egg stirred into water, wheat flour is water, milk, etc. 3* NUKSiKA TH|^ KICK. Narcotic poisons, as opium in its various forms, such as lauda- num, paregoric, morphine, etc., tobacco, belladonna, digitalis, etc> Give .f/>^«^ coffee, apply cold 1o head and wartnth to feet, rub the limbs and supply fresh air. Try to keep the patient roused and awake. General directions ; It is always safe to give plenty of milk. If the poison was of an irritating nature, it soothes the inilunicd. membrane. When the pulse is weak, give some stimulant, whiskey or brandy, mixed wiih water. If the mouih and throat arc burned by the poison, give the stimulant as an enema mixed with an equal quantity of luke-warm milk. Use a bulb syringe and inject very slowly. Keep tho patient in bed and perfectly quiet. When out of danger, give a dose of castor oil to carry off any traces of poisoni tkat may linger in the stomach or bowels. Gl«re light diet for a few days. Do not keep liniments, which often contain poison, in the same place as medecines that arc to bo taken internally. ; CHAPTER XI. OlSiNFCCTiON. ISINPECTION can be thoroughly carried out with a very- few disiuicctauts. Boiling water. Corrosive sublimate, Sulphur, Copperas.. It should be understood that pure air is the best disiufectant. If a case of infectious disease could be ttursed out of doors there would be little need of disiulectants. Supply warm air and keep the windows open as much as possible. If the sick room communicates with another room, do not use the door from the sick room into the hall, but keep it locked, and pass through the adjoining room, where the windows should be always open. If there is only one door out of the sick roam, lumg^ a sheet over the doorway and keep it constantly wet with a solution of corrosive sublimate. Use as far as possible old clothing that can be burned. II ive a tub half fid of a solution of corrosive subliuiate attd into this put every article of clothing from patient, or bed, that is to be washed. After soaking in this for some hours, wring^ them out, and send them to the laundry, where they must be wa>hed alone and boiUd. After a vessel has been used, before emptying it, fill it with copperas water, aftei emptying, wash it in hot water, rin«« in cop- peras water, scald with boiling water, and leave it outside the sick room until it is need- d again. Do not let cnpe, spoons, plates, or any dishe.^ used in the sick room leave your hands until they are washed and rinsed in Kalding water. When the patient recovers, he must have a full bath of water, in -which a pound of powdered borax has been dissolved and Palmo NURSrXG THE .SICK. 35 Jauda- 18, etc. ft, nib id and |k. If laniecL randy, I by I he equal :t very ken out poisoni Carbolic Soap used, his hair washed, and every article of clothing^ changed before he is allowed to mix with the family, r When the patient leaves the sick room, open the window and carry away soiled clothing to be disinfected. Put mattresses and pillows out in the .sun, sprinkle- them with corrosive subliniHlc solu- tion, and after twenty-four hours send ihem to be made over. Open drawers andclosets. Take an old coal-scuttle, or good tin pan, witiiout holes in the bottom, throw in some paper and shake over that two pounds of sulphur. Close windows and door.-<, and if they do net fit tightly, paste paper over the cracks, leaviiij^ owe door open, to go out by. Light the paper under the sulphur anrl leave the roon: Paste the keyhole of this door, and if necessary the cracks, from the outside. In twenty-four hours go in and opeti the windows. When it is possible to breathe in the room, have the floor and woodwork washed, first with corrosive sublimate solution, then with plenty of hot water and f;oap. Have the walls scraped, washed with corrosive sublimate and re-painted or papered. The ceiling treated in the same way. Wash all the furnituru and liave a^y that is upholstered re-made. In scarlet fever and small-pox it is safest to burn everything that cannot be boiled or treated as described. After death from an infectious disease, the body should be Avashed in corro ive sublimate solution, a large napkin containing a. pad soaked in it should be pinned around the hips, the body wrapped in a sheet wrung out of a solution of corrosive sublimate, and buried as soon as possible. No one should be permitted to see the remains. IJ( Corrosive sublimate solution. Fifteen grains of corrosive sublimate. ' " Fifteen grains of muriate of ammonia. One quart of water. This makes a strength of i part to i,ooo. Wilson's Antiseptic Tablets, are a very convenient form, as tliey are already prepared for dissolving. One can be added to cacii pint of water. lit Copperas Water. Copperas four pounds. Hot water ten quarts. Stir with a stick until dissolved. Throw handfuls of dry copperas down the water closet morning and evening, and flush it well afterwards. If a dry closet is used, throw in shovelfuls of copperas and cover the surface with lime, dry earth or coal ashes. The nurse should hold herself responsible for the prevention of the spread of infection, as, if she does her duty, it is impossible for it to extend beyond the case in hand. N.B.— Caution must be taken as to the extremely poisonous character of these disinfectants. WYETH'S Liquid Malt Extract. THOUGH not a beverage Wyeth's I^iquid Malt Extmct contains all tha nutritive virtues of the best Malt Wquors with the smallest percentage of alcohol found in any liquid preparation of Malt. It is especially adapted to nursing mothers and children, to those suffering from nervous exhaustion, chilUness, etc., oud particularly to these unable to digest starchy food. LOSS OF APPETITE. A wineglassful taken half an hour be fore rach meal and before retiring at night, will soon restore a healthy appetite A DiaeSTIVE BEVERAGE. Persons In full health, blessed with ft good appetite, and iaclined to the enjoy- ment of^a liberal diet, will find Wyeth's Ij:tlSHMENT AS > '7 V Wyeth's LiQuip Malt Extract. Wyeth's Malt Extract i-i not a "Beer" but a true Extract of Malt made upo« scientific principles and must not be confused with the Cheap Malt Extract ttude by brewers which should be classed as " Imager Beer." tha teof pted tion. Floods of Letters {::«nn\'i;;^rt,;r::.f!;>i each .successive ytar. Mostly all ot tlicjn wruicii iii Uic sanir strain iclliiiK of BuflTeriuK and paiii. Yet it is n pUiisun.- for »is to n-uil Uum (ui.l tin.- ^.Taiificu- tion conu's lo IIS when we read that thtir siilTeriii};-i IiavL' li-rininaled llirotiKh the medium of one of our pioductious. The foUowinj,' jire a fiw of tlie hun- dredfi, the originals of which can always he seen at our olTicf and arc endorsa- tious of the most wonderful soothing pain eradicator in the world. The "D. & L." Menthol Plaster Mr. David Murray, Collector of Customs at Port Muls^rave, N.S., writes on Nov. 25, 1896, he saya : "I was almost crippled with Sciatica and Rheinnatisiu. coidd hardly walk at times owing to darting pains. I tried cures without nuin>iei without noticing any imptovement till I had used vour U. & I<. Menthol I'lastcr. It has cured me and I cannol recommend it too highly as the quickest and easiest Rheumatic cure on the market. One trial will convince the nio.st credulous doubter." NoTi:.— Mr. David Murray has been collector of 11. M. Customs for a period of 24 years and his letter can be relied upon. He has been a constant sufferer from S<. self. It is the best cough reraedy I have ever used. MARY SMYTH, Judique, Cape Sreton, November 13th, 1896. Very large bottle 23ot3. ASK YOUR DEALER FOR IT. ■tt: VYYETH'S. ....Beef, Iron & Wine. This Preparation has been before the public now for more than a quarter of a century and has been freely prescribed by the physicians of Canada with most satisfactory results. The sales have been very extensive amounting to many millions of bottles. Its Stimulant Properties — in this preparation"are combined the stimulant properties of Wine and the nutriment of Beef, with the tonic powers of Iron, the effect of which on the blood is so justly valued. For many cases in which there is Pallor, Weakness, Palpitation of the Heart, which much nervous disturbance, this article will be found especially adapted. To Sufferers from Weakness. — it is a Nutritive Tonic, indi- cated in thetreatmentof impaired Appetite, Impoverishment of the Blood, and in all the various forms of General Debility. Prompt results will follow its use in cases of Sudden Exhaus- tion, arising either from acute or chronic diseases. Growing Children. — Especially those who are sickly, get great beneCt from this preparation. People who are Getting Old, who find their strength is not what it used to be, experience a decidedly tonic effect from its use as occasion requires. Clergymen, Teachers and members of others professions, who suffer from weakness, will find WYUTH'S BEEF, IRON AND WINE very effectiial in restoring strength and tcir^ to the system after the exhaustion produced by over uiental exercise, i Overworlt. — Many men and women know that the continuous fatigued feeling they labor under is due to overwork, still they find it impossible just yet to take complete rest. To- all such we woiild say use WYETH'S BEEF, IRON AND WINE. i. /sr 'r^^^vA .-•■ i NOTR. — Physicians and ijatients have heen much disappointed in the l)entfit anticinated, iiiil often ill effects have been experienced from the nse of the inanyimitationsclnimin>?tob'>the pame, or as Rood as WYETH'S. In purchas- ing or prescribing please ask for "WYETH'S" and do not be persuatled tc» take any other. J MILD, SURE AND SAFE. D^ « ^ ^pHT?> PTT.Ty was prep.ared especially to regulate the ^^ I ^ -*■ system and to free the bile duct of obstructions. It • ^^^^^ ■— *• V also acts R-ently but surely in the bowels and will even- tnally change a constipated habit to a natural one- It is therefore well named Liver \ a Perfect Regulator of the pm System. 1 T Regulates the P.owels, prevents Constipation and Piles, relieves all forms of Biliousness, A such as Dizziness, Nausea, Bad Taste in the (Sugar Coated) # iMouth, Coated Tongu'- I oss of Appetite, Pain ^ ill the Side, Draggin*^ i" ielingf, Sallow Skin, W etc. Prevents Dyspepsia and Indigestion with <^^r^ Sour Stomach, A case Worth Nothing. For two years pa.:': I havernfl'e.ed from stomach and liver complaints. I liave tried several remedi^j lor thise troubles, but none have brought me any relief. Two months ago a f r e*":' of mine, who had used some of your "D. & ly." I \.]::"'y!i^,D\yiS & LAWRENCE CO., Ltd.. Montreal & New York. ni F( 111 th ill ef P> ill si ti SI g N. B. —If you cannot get these from your druggist or dealer send amount to us and same will be sent you by mail prepaid. J^ el low' Compound ^yrup .OF. llypophosphites. NOTICE-CAUTION. THE success of Fellows Syrup op Hypophos- PHiTES has tempted certain persons to ofFer imitations of it for sale. Some of these falsely assert to having been in cur employ, where the mode of preparing the genuine Syrup was obtained. Mr. Fellows whohas examined samples of several of these mixtures, finds that no two of them are identical, and that all of them differ from ^.iie original in composition, in freedom from acid reaction, in susceptibility to the effects of oxygen when exposed to light and heat, in the property of retaining the strychnine in solution* and in the medicinal effects. As a precaution, it is advisable that the Syrup should be purchased in the original bottles ; the dis- tinguishing marks which the boti es (and the wrappers surrounding them) bear, can then be examined, and the genuineness-or otherwise-of the contents thereby proved. For sale by all Druggists in the Dominion. DAVIS & LAWRENCE CO., Ltd., Sole Agents for the Dominion of Canacla. -f '■ X .Montreal. PERRY DAVIS' PAIN=KILLER f)kt\4mti\*%o There Is an old saying that "the proof of the pudding UpiniUIld is In the eating" the same siiuile juight be trmhuillyap- of Elied to medicines, the eflScacy of which are only tested y those who have tried ihetn and have been benefited , by them. PERKY DAVIS' PAIN KII^IyEK. has been in r^ftlfflltlPni' "^^ "°^ '**'' "*^^''^y si'^'ty years by all peoples and in everj- I I iVIllIuWUI. part of the globe. Thellatteriug words which have beew r)_ _ g_ j_ said for this remedy are not txapgerated and tlieir |?e- 1 CUpiC* nuineuessare gu iratitecd by the thousands of letters we have received lauding its praises. We subjoin the following vvhich are a few of the numerous ones received. Tiie Story of Capt. J. F. Clarke, Police Force, Montreal. r have used Perry Dnvis' Pnin Killer on pever;il occasions and ha'.e found it .■ry valuable in cases of suddfU pains in the stomach, i accompanied the Koyal Engineers on the Red Kiver Expedition about 30 y^ars ago under Col. Wol.st'ly and on that c>ccasion did not omit to take a supi)ly of this jjrand luclicineand was thankful for it before many days hacl passed. (Jwuijjto tlrinkingl ad water the men were often seized with cramp.s and by u.snig Pain Killerlhepain wa' 'dways removed and it was fouu(l to be the most l*coiou9 article m camp nnd worth its weight in g 'Id. We use it here in No. 7 .sia'.ion and lean with con lidetice recommendit to any one suffering fiom pain." JAS. P. CI^AKKE, March ist, 1897, Capt. No. 7, Police DivisioM. A well known Clergyman's Views. 'I havo known your Pain-Killer for many years and have nmch pleasure in iLsLifying to its valuable properties in alleviating pain. 1 consider it a mo.<)t i!s*.f'al preparation." (RiiV.) 11. J. EVANS, IKcombcr i6th, 1896. 497 St. Urbain Si., Montreal. Nothing like it in the world. 'I havebeenusJn^your Pain-Killer for the last four years and I amsatixfied thai there is nothing li'k.e it In the world for cramps and all s.omach troubles." Mrs JAMES MCMURRAV, Jau'iary ulli, 1S97 Black Brook, N. B. A Preparation of Great Virtue, 'T may «ay that from my own persoial knowledge of Pain-Killer I have fouii I it without doubt of great virtue giving general satisfaction botk as to ii.3 .sale and u.se. E'er neuralgic pains. cninip.s, colic, nnd all bowel com- plaints, toothache, etc., it is far ahead of all others. Farmers and everybody living fit a distance from a doctor or druggist shoidd keep a bottle of Perry Davis' Pain-Killer in the hou^e at all times. Jt will save many a doctor's visit." EDMUND JENNER, Sherbuooke Druo Store, October 14th, 1896. Sherbrooke, N. S. A wonderful Cure Effected. ' l^a.sl winter my wife was suffering intense pain from the effects of a -panilj- ic stroke in her side and but for the application of your Pain-Killer at Ihe most critical stage of her illness she would have lo-t "her life. Thiswa« •endorsed by the doctor attending I: jr at the time. I cannot say too much far I'ain-Killer and would not l>e without it in the house." ., ,., ., . JOS. I.UCIER, .October 24th, 1896. « » ^if ; *!? *\" ^V i- McGregor, Ont. T^i\ nflf flf*lxi V P"^*^'^*"?f ^ bottle of thi'j valuable medicine but secure Lf^J ll\Jk vlwiay one at once and hav it handy for casf 5 of emergency •or .sudden attacks of pain. See that you get the genuine and avoid all sub- stitutef) which are frauds. Ask for Perry Davis' Pain-Killer. r Wonderful Cures have been effected by the use of Wistar's Balsam of Wild Cherry and testimonials from thousands are sufficient proof of its remarkable curative properties. It ^"^G^vl^ is the most reliable prej^aration in the world f* ^^'V?'ii^^^ for the cure of Coughs, Influenza, Bronchitis*. fey^'^JIiy Whooping Cough, Croup, and all Throat aird , ,?S^&^^ Lung Troubles, and in many well attested ascs, Consumption has yielded to its wonder- ul influence. Sffe^.*S5^1 ^ Balsam •does not dry up a cough and leave the cause behind, but loosens it, cleanses the lungS; and allays irritation, thus xer.ioving the cause of the complaint, 50c. and $1.00 a bottle. Sold by dealers generally » PRlirARKD BY SETH W. FOWLE & SONS, BOSTON. FOWLE'S Pile & Humor Cure for the cure of Piles, Scrofula, Eczema, Salt Rheum, Cancerous and Ulcerated Sores, and all diseases of the Skin and Blood. ii KNTIREr,Y VEGETABL15 ,,■ HENRY D. FOWLE, BOSTON. OavIS & LAWRENCE CO., Limited., eneral Agents, Montreal. .^■> ..is v.t YOUR TEETH NEED DENTINE why not use use one ard get the best. It does not cost any more than the inferior articleti^ which are on the market and guarantees to you something that will cleanse and whiten your teeth without doing them an injury. Crown Tooth Wash is the best ! I It Freshens and Sweetens the Mouth. Gives Sweet Fragrance to the Breath. Imparts Ivory whiteness to the Teeth. Hardens and Soothes the Gums. Absolutely free from injurious ingredients. What more can any anyone wish lor. Use it once and you will use it al^/ays. In new style sprinkler bottles 25 cents. "Write direct to us if your dealer does not keep it. DAVIS £i LAWSENCE CO., Limited, Montreal and New York. BEARINE For the HAIR. <■: f Delightfully Perfumed. Imparts Glossy Finish, and Keeps it {Smooth and in Position. PREVENTS: Greyness, Baldness and Diseases of the Head and Scalp. PRODUCES : Luxuriant Growth and Beautifies and Strengthens the Hair. PRICE 50 CENTS PER BOTTLE. If your dealei loes jiot keep it we will mail direct on receipt of price. Davis 61: Lawrence Co., Ltd., Montreal and New York. Wyeth'sSalVolatile.^irH^ruffndl; very Effectual in case of Fatigue and Fainting Spells. Delicately Perfumed. Most Agreeable. Ei^ective in allaying the irritation or inflammation of mosquico bites. Price 50 Cemts per bottle. In Handsome Octagon BOTTLES, GLASS Stopper Tied with SILK. Just the thing for the Sick room. By leaving the Stopper out for a few minutes the air in the room is purified. J For sale by all dealers or sent on receipt of price. Davi$ & Lawrence Co., Ltd., Hontreal and New York^ Drop a Pebble TO PICKUP A DlAMOND!!t In other words expend a small sum by buying a bottle of "D.&L." Emulsion^i Cod Liver Oil with HYP0PH0SPHITE5 OF LlflE & SODA I tnJ: :*ecv»p';\ ' te your health. This preparation challenges attention foi the xi'^'''i invaluable virtues of medicinal worth which it possesses, tf ou are 'osing weight, your health is running down and you are also osing gooc , oksand comfort, you want something that will resist THE CAUSE OF DISEASE and that something will be found in the 0, & h Emu '^ior. The sooner you begin taking it the more quickly you wui g',i L,ack your former vigor and strength. DOCTORS PRESCRIBE AND RECOMMEND IT. "I have given your D.&L. Emulsion of Cod Liver Oil a careful and thorough trial in a great variety of cases, and 6nd that it th-' tiest and most palat- ible Emulsion of any I have heretofore used. It is particularly adaptable and agreeable to delicate stomachs. In fact I use now no other preparation of "Cod lyiverOil," when an Emulsion ts indicated. 1 can cheerfully endorse Its good qualities, and all physicians should at least give it a thorough trial before using other preparations ' • P. G. GOULDING, M.D , M.C.P. &S.M. l^te Surgeon PaciC ; Division, C.P.Ry Virden, Man. t r •:--'« 1 have much pleasure in testifying to the good results obtained from tlie use of your D. & 1,. Emulsion iu my practice. W. E. Hamill, M.D., Port Perry, Oat. J. R. DooDS, the well-knov n drug* gist of Orangeville Ont., writes, rea" pecting the D. & L. Emulsion. — It is a IJleasure to recommend this pre})ara« tion, as all to whom I have yet intro» duced it speak in the highest terms o| its good efifects and pleasant taste. .> It has an agreable taste and aids digestion Will cure consumptioB to its early stages, makes fat and is invaluable in all cases of Lung Diseases Two Sizes 50 cts. and $ 1 .00 For sale by all Druggists. li your di uggist does not keep it, wiitr direct to us. < . ■ , ,. DAVIS & LAWRENCE CO., Limited Montreal and New York. r^CtllllU 1 dl A^U«|J Toilet, Bath, Nursery and Shampooing. Its use prevents contagious diseases Eruptions are healed and Irritations allayed. It produces a C ear Smooth Skin and a Brilliant Complexion. For Baby, it is the best Soap Known. AN " My Baby was cured of run- ning sores by P.ilnio-Tnr Sonp in a very short time. It made the skin smooth nntl white and the child is perfectly well. Can atrongly recomniend its use, for children." Mrs. HOLTZMAN, •<} " 5; Crediton, Ont. All Druggists ji Keep it Or sent by mail prepaid on receipt of price. PRICE 25 CENTS FOR LARGE TABLET. DOCTOR DAVIS' Carbolic Salve. Just the thing to have in a handy place for cases of emergency. A Perfect Ci:re. For Wounds, Cuts. Bruises, also u' equalled by any knowm ointment for its curative and healmg properties. Obsfinate Ulcers. Ringworm, Eczema Piles, all Skin Diseases and all Contused or livHamed Surfaces disappear in a very short time aftei using. For General t'se. As a Family Salve it has no equal -^ • aitTHMi I '" Tin Boxes 25 Cents Each. 4:r! Sold by Drug'^ists and other De.ders or sent post paid on receipt of price. Address as below. An agreeable yet potent preparation fori he relief and cure of that ctas« of disorders attendant upon a Low or Reduced State of Healtli and accompanied by Pallor, Weakness and Palpitaiion of the heart is Campbell's Tonic Elixir.. . ^ An Anti-Dyspeptic and Invigorating Cordial prepare^ from PURE DRUGS and free from anything injurious to the most delicate. Prompt results will follow its use in cases of Suddei* Exhaustion, Loss of Blood and Wasting l^evers. Put up in pint bottles And sold by all dealers in medicine at $ 1 ,00 per bo'tle or 6 bottles for $5.00. If you*" dea er does not keep it, write direct to us. DAVIS k LAWRENCE CO., Limited, Montreal and New York. Tlu; mica! t! Coti- shown he len les or AN EPICURE'S DELIGHT '^ '%!,r*j;r,Rr'"' ....Royal.... Flavoring Extracts They arc siir>erior to any made nnd tlioir sunerioritv- consists in their TeRl'l.-.CT PU'llTY cind CR1-:AT STKliNOTlI. Thty aro' also niort econo- mical V.v'■^ (>r linn'-y f ivofMi'^ cxtrnc s ns a k-sscr qnai;"', '•-.' \rill be .'UiCioient. ICK Cli.'iAM, RUSSIvH and CUSTARDS are made iJCiTecL hy its nse. SOME OF THE TLAVORS: Liemon, Orange, E.09fl, Cloves, Vnnllla, PeppeiKiiiit, Cinnamon, Alinond and WmtBrerieou. Coiisii;n rs will find it to their advaiUagc to buy the larger sized bottles as shown herewith : — Sijall slz^, or S5c. bottle, contains 1]^ ounces Liquicl. Qii-t9- pint size, or 50c. " " 4 '• *' Hifpintsize. or 7Se, " •' 8 If yon can:i )t secure them Ircn y )Vir dealer write direct to ns. DAVIS & LAWRENCS CO.. Limited, Montreal and New York A MOST VALUABLE REMEDY for the diseases of HOriSBS, CATTLE, SHEEP and POULTRY is "Maud S.'Xondition Powders Many VALUABLE ANLVIALS li ve been saved by iis use. A WELL KNOWN STOCK BREEDERS EXPERIENCE, Gkntf.kmen —Please send nie at ouceone hundred packages more of your " Maud S.'' Condition Powders. I do not want to run out, as I would, not be without them on any account. I have u.sed them for a long time, and have great faith in their efficacy for tlie various diseases for which they are recom- mended. Besides n>-ing for my cattle and horses, I employ them with great benefit in my poultry yard. As yoti oreaware^ I raisea large number of hen.s and other fowl, and I Have proved to my entire .satisfaction that there is nothing to equal the "Maud vS." Condition Powders for keeping them in a perfectly healthy condition. JOHN IRVINI5, Milkman and Stock-Preeder, Westmount, Montreal One package of "MaudS. " Condition Powders contains more real me li inal virtue than twice its weight of any otherPowder. Reduced prices, J4 lb. Tins, 25 cts. X 1^- Pi»ckage8, 15 cts. SOr^D EVURYWHKRE DAVIS ft LAWRENCE CO., Limitad, Montreal and Ne^ Ysrk. K.B. — If your dealer does not keep these write direct to us. -> AN EFFECTUAL v HEALTM RESTORER and BLOOD PURIFIER DOCTOR CHANNINQ'S SARSAPARILLA. Will CURE the worst form of SKIN DISEASE, Rheumalism, Salt Rlieum, Pimples and Blotches, Scurvy, Dyspepsia, Boils and Humors. Will restore the Appetite and Renew the System. Is successful when other remedies fail and is rerommenied by Leading Physicians. Sold by all MEDICINE DEALERS. Price $1.00 per bottle. Six bottles $5.00. N.B— See that you jret "Dr CHANNING'S" and that other substitutes not as good are not forced upon you Always thesame A STANDARD OF WORTH I ! I HIND'S HONEY & ALMOND An Indispensable TOILET ARTICLE for the LADIES. Soothing and Refreshing for Gentlemen after Shaving. CREAn. Uncxcslled for Sunburn and Chapped Skin- " I liave used your Honey & At.mond Crram for a "long time in fei- milies where I have been Ctilled, and consider it invahtable for chafing and irritation of infants. I invariably re- commend it in preference to anything else, and have always derived great satisfaction from its iise. Mks. H. J. PoTTKR, Nurse. 124 Emery St., Portland, Me. " Three weeks ago T came homr from the beach wilh.my face and arms covered with sores caused by tlie buii and salt water while in bathing. A week ago I began to iLseyourwontlcr- ful HoNKV & Ai.MONn C KAM, ami to day my face is as smooih and soft as one could wish. I think your Cream is simply 7uonJeifnl." Kli.a ly. Hriknd, Nashua, N.H. A LEADING OPERA SINGER.— I consider your HONI.Y & Almond Crbam the best Cream I have ever used for the complexi-in. CAMn.i.i; d'Arvii.lk. Pricp: 50 CExTs For Saltc by ai,i^ Druggists DAViS & LAWRENCE Co., Limited, Montreal and New York. To Beautify The Complexion Use Palmo-^ulphur Soap. The efTect of I'ahno-Sulplinr j^oiip %v1i«'H used in the hixlh represents in aji exaggtnitfil degree all the nifdicinal elTectH of a jrcniiinc Sulphur Spring J;;uh. lyinetia nncl woolens washed with it are made beautifully white and are disinfected when disease germs exist in the material. 7*or s;i!:- l)v all Drugs'sti^ ""d Dealers, or sent post paid on receipt of 25cts. Klegaiitly put up In large tablets. Davis & Lawrence Co., Ltd., Montreal and New York. Most Delicious Perfume A most lasting and delicious per- fun^e, one which has not that stronp obnoxious odor so noticeable in cheap jierfimies, but a delicate and sweet .< niell which permeates the clothing and is noticeable for days is LOTUS OF THE NILE. It is made from the beautiful Flower from which it takes its name and which was admired and cherished by the ladies of Ancient Egypt in Centuries past. All functions of the Kings of the east were not comp>:te Mrithout the Delicate Odor of the IMus. Price 75 Cts. per Bottle. Ask for it at your Drus^s^ists /^MM -..,v«« .■..*:4-^ ...».««<. __-.-_ If so you should see that It is Can you wtite your name «« every wt of unen, white goods, silk and cotton you possess. It is neat, systematic and will secure you your own many times when gone astray in the wash. PRINCESS MARKING INK is the article to mark them with. It is used with a common pen and produces H beautiful KBONY HIJACK INK and CANT WASH OUT. Ask for it at your Stationer's, Storekeeper or Druggist. ■ , Pkice 25 Cents per Botti,e. Davis & Lawrence Co., Ltd., Hontreal and New York. N.B.— If you cannot procure any of alwve articles of your dealer same will l)e sent yt)u by us on receipt of price. , « ■ ■^:/ ■ :• f~ ALLEN'S LUNQ BALSAM. Perfectly pure, contains no Opium, cures ConsumptioHv Coug^hs, Colds, Asthma, Croup and all Diseases of the Lungs and Bronchial Tubes. The best to give relief. "I have been trout)led for about four years with lung disease and will sa3- without hcaitalion, "Alleti'.s J^imgUalsam" was the only renict.y I coi;l ! iinl (o gflve ir-e any relief. I feel qnite satisfied that we- e it noL for i I would be in my grave. I recommend it to any one troubled wil.h lunjj disea^e." C. YOUNO. YoJintr'M Point. Out. Endorsed by the Medical Profession. Praised by the Public. Price 25c., 50c. and $1.00 per bottle. SHUN SUIISTITUTES. A BEASTLY HEADACHCI Wyeth's Menthol Inhaler & Pencil WIl.Iv CURE IT. A novel Inhaler made from Pure Menthol CrystaKs very effective and prompt in action. Wyeth's Menthol Inhaler is a very powerful enemy to heaJntJie. Its efTect is really uiai-Vf lions in the treatment oi lUadache, Kucea hi.-, Ntairalgia, liav Pevcr, Cold in Head, Insomnia, Ncrvou,sness, &c., It i.s also used as a pencil by removing- the cap. On rubbing the ])encil over the alTecied pari, a sense of coolness, followed by a slight Hmariin>r, is ex|;eiienced ; in a few niiiiutes afterwards the sensation is cli.«;sipated, and the jiain disappears, li is i)i ; T( cUy harmless, an4 can bc.ised with safety on any part of the body, l^adies u.se them in place of smelling .salts. Be sure and get Wyelh's, in Nickel ,SiIver Holders. Price -lo cents each. Sold everywhere ; or will be sent by mail on nceipt of price. IJeware oi" imita- lions. Mes.srs. AVyeth also put up a Menthol Pencil alone, in wooden Holders. Price 25 eeuts. Davis & Lawrence Co., Lim., General Agents. IVIONTREAL. RENNECINE TABLETS. T~- ■ ■^»*'" —.(TRADE MARK.) The public will be glad to know that they can now obtain Rennet in the more convenient form of conipre.s.sed Kennecine tablets. DJKT^ ilie liglUcst and mo.st tuolh.some are nijide by hem. FOR INVALID.S AND CHII,DRfc;N.— As a diet for invalids and children Rennet is nnsnrpa.ssed. I'aniilies with children living in the country -where fresh milk is plcntifr.l shoidd not be without a bottle of Renneciue Tablets. Price 25 cents per bottle. SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS AND GENERAL STORES Davis & Lawrence Co., Ltd., Montreal and New York. P.S. — Any of above sent on receipt of price. WET WEATHCI^ PRODUCES COUGHS AND COLDS WHEN YOU HAVt OOt ORE UT THl BEST REMEDY. Pyny- Pectoral IS WARRANTED TO BREAK UP THE MOST DISTRESSING COUGH IN A FEW HOURS TIME. CROUP AND BRONCHITIS INSTANTI.Y RELIEVED BY ITS USE. RECOMMENDED FOR AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT AND LUNGS. > cents each. are oi iiuitu- and children k is ]ileTitifT.l Large Bottles 25 Gents. For sale everywhere. " * If your dealer "is just" out of this article write direct to us. Davis & Lawrence Co., Ltd., Montreal & New York. At I 'Wi 4-'^ -KILLER. KNOWN THE WORLD OVER AS THE - ' MOST USEFUL MEDICINAL PREPARATION IN EXISTENCE. SHOULD BE !N EVERY HOliSE. ^^ry-Sa^^' JUST THE THING NEEDED AT HOME FOR ALL THE COMMON PAINS WE ARE "^^^ - SUBJECT TO. WORTH ITS WEIGHT IN GOLD IN CASES OF ACCIDENT OR SUDDEN ILLNESS. 1-- PAIN-KILLER ^ surecure for Sore Throat, Conarhs, Chills, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, HMMMMMMH^MMuk Cianips, Choir'ra, andall Bowel Complainta. s^ PAIN-iCILLER The best remedy known for Sea Sloknea?, Sick Headache, Pains in i^^iMB^HBii^aHi^HiB Buck or Side, UlicuiniitiMtu and Kt^uralgio. PAIN-KILLER ^"' ^''° ^*^^^ Liniment niadCy Itlirlngs speedy and Pennanent ■■^■^■■^^HNi^MfeM lelief in cases of Bruises, Cuts, Sprains. Severe Burns, &c. v?i«?-' '1^^ A PROMINENT MONTREAL CLERGYMAN'S ENDORSATION. * 'Permit me to send you a few lines to strongly re- commend aifd endorse Perry Davis' Pain-Killer. I have used it with much satisfaction for the past thirty- five years and have also seen its good results in al- leviating pain in the different parishes in which I have lived. It is a preparation which deserves full public confidence." James H. Dixon, Rector St. Judes and Hon. Canon of Christ Church Cathedral. Montreal, December .22nd, 1896. _ ..«*• -.'.■ti» • ..<..j ;,. •3 . •J»S6»- RP\A/ADP I I ^^^**^° y°" ^^ ^°' PAIN-KILLER D C- Y V rAri L. 1 { some dealers will try and Substitute something else.~">Do not take it. Noae Genuine save PBRRY DAVIS',