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PAUL'S CHUllCir, POHTLAMi, ON TUESDAY, JUNE 30th, 1874, PUBLISHED kJ THE P|E()[JEST OF THE CLERGY. SAINT .lOIIX. X. I?. IM.'IMKIi llY (;K0. a. KNODKI.I . riMNCK WII.I.I.VM Sll!F:ri iKr I. r »t ri u My Dear Hui'rriiRKN : You will not, I ti'usr, think it an unprofitable or uninteresting subject, if I tuice a review of your churchworic in this Diocese, during the time that I have been spared to preside over you. Amidst the many difticullies and hindrances which beset our path, some of which, as we must all acknowledge, arise from our own short-comings, we may, I hope without presumption, look back to the patli by which our Heavenly Master has led us, and we may cheerfully hope that it has been on the whole, a path of progress. I enter into this more willingly because it extends over a , period of nearly thirty years ; years which have been fraught with great changes, religious and political ; years which have witnessed the decease of no loss than thirty one of my fellow labourers in the Ministry ; and yet ^HAt the close of this period, notwithstanding these removals, I am thankful to see myself surrounded to-day by a larger number of helpers than I have ever summoned before to a Visitation. Before entering on this review, I desire to call your attention to three things. First, that though nmch opposition and many hindrances have been from time to time experienced by many of us, and by myself, in the prosecution of good works ; it is not my intention to dwell upon such troubles. If in any respect they arose from our own fault, so far we deserve to suffer — if from no fault of ours, they were sent or permitted by a gracious Master, to prove our sincerity, to deepen the energy of our faith, and to abate our pride — and '^ When the shore is won at last. Who will count tlie billows lost?" And, secondly, I desire you to believe, that I claim no credit for what has Been done irrespective of yourselves and the laity of the Dioce.se. We are all one body, and desire in whatever we have been enabled to do, to give all the glory to God. And we may all be ready to glorify our blessed Master, even when the work has not always been done in the particular mode that we should have thought best. .i. t And. tliirdly, in ntiting tlio |)rogiess, ami in >oni(! respects, nipid |tio;L'r('ss of clmrch wt»ik, I shnll not he tlion.iilit to r( fleet on those who widely l.iid f'onnihitions on whieh we liave builded, hut I intend to inehide then) MS workers with ourselves. It is n( cessaiy ihiooese. and on the state of thing's whirh T ft»unn their respective tenets occupied by our Church. A considerable number of Baptist.s and Independents had f-etfled in this Province before the arrival of the Ixjyalists, and after their arrival, though the political bias of the emigrants from the Tnited States led them irresistibly towards the Church, to whicli many of them belonged, yet the looseness of the tie which bound many to the Church may be judged by the uncertain sound which is hoard in the first .statutes relative to the (liurch of England. When it began to be felt that our church must cease to bo a dominant and established church among a people so divided religious opinion, by degrees the political prestige wholly died away, and w® were left with much of the odium remaining, and little enough of the energy which freedom inspires On my arrival, I found, that though Episcopal functions had been discharged by a very active and energetic Bishop, his residence in another Province, and the impossibility of his attending to our wants before he had satisfied the wants of tho.se nearest to him were hindrances to our advance. It is true we had an Archdeacon by whose wise counsel a most valuable Institution was founded ; but acting under the Bishop of another Provincr^ he could originate little, his hands were tied from confirming, or ordaining, his office was rather suggestive than administrative, — what he did, he did wisely and well, but he could not undertake the duties of a Bishop. My first duty was to endeavour to fill all the vacancies, and to increase the .scanty band of Clergy, — the vacancies were twelve, and the clergy numbered less than thirty. By the help of God, and by the exceeding liberality of the R. P. G., I war' speedily enabled to remedy some of these evils. No vacant mission was left, and the nnmbcr of the clergy was doubled, still the maintenance of the number has been a very ban! and difficult work. i .i.l iile this my Da St, lof arid two the A this mgh hem t the dby the must led id we f the lOugh rgctic >f his earet«t leacon ; but le, his rather 11, but was to ind of ^ than of the i. No id, still t work. >»t JP I Jl ^ m I hnvo not only outlived thirty one of the clerry, many of thorn much younirer than myself, but I have been constantly stnisrglins? between a deficiency of men, when the means were forthcoming', and a deficiency of nitians, where the men were to be found ; and I have received nunjerous offers from En;L,'land, which, for various causes, I felt obligedi reluctantly, to reject. Still we hold our ground in spite of these diffi- culties ; and th(^re are no less than twenty-nine missions (irrespective of curates) whicdi were either vacant, or not opened as missions, when I arrived in 184"). It should also be observed that a Colonial Bishop has a much harder task imposed on him in filling missions than an English Bishop. The patronjisc of the livings in En^dand is distributed among the Crown, the Prime Minister, the Lord Chancellor, the Universities, and very largely among private patrons— and the remuneration of many livings is tolerably certain, and is fixed by law, and does not depend on an annual benevolence ; to say nothing of the fact that the incomes of the clergy are largely augmented by their private means. I can only be ^ thankful that in past times [ was enabled to obtain help in case of vacancies, and to find clergy willing to undertake so laborious a care with very scanty remuneration. The laity have indeed volunteered to ease me of part of my labour by taking the patronage into their own hands ; but they are very much mistaken, if they think that they will be enabled by that means to fill vacancies more rapidly. There is not much difficulty in one man agreeing with himself; but it is not at all so easy to get fifty or even twenty to agree together, as the event has proved. This difficulty has stood much in my way, in the re-arrangement of Missions, which if left to me, I could ofteD effect, to the manifest advantage of both clergy and laity. From tlie increase of clergy I pass on to the remarkable and gratifying progress of the Diocesan Church Society. I deem it one of the most pleasing features of this handmaid of the church, that like the venerable institution which gave it birth, it is so tolerant and so liberal in its mode of action ; it does not demand any peculiar views other than the broad comprehensive basis of the Church of Engliind. It has neither shibboleth to pronounce, nor an inner code of laws to frame and execute. The Committee neither sit upon the man's views, nor reject him, if in some points he differ from themselves. The only questions are these : are you lawfully ordained, and duly licensed by the authority we all agree to acknowledge ? and have you agreed to accept the formularies of the Church of England as your 6 1* Htuiidard? This ia thu bu»u un which we huvc uutod for nearly thirty yearfl, and I truHt it may never be narrower. It certainly will not become >K) with my conHcnt. When I arrived, 1 found the Church Society in full operation, with about eighteen parishcH united and Hubscribing to it. Uh income uh near aH I can discover, was about a thouMund dollaru yearly. For reasons it U unneceHsary to speak of, the city of 8t. John held altogether aloof from it, with the exception of nno parish. Happily, the very first year of my Episcopate witnessed a united diocese in bands of love, which, I trust, tiiLC will only strengthen, and which will never be dissolved. That year the income of the Society was more than doubled, und it has continued to increu.se until in the last year I find its receipts from all sources, nearly forty two times the amount which it had when I entered on the work. Somo deduction may fairly be made irom this calculation, if we add to the amounts contributed to the Society the annual contri- butions to the clergy in 1845, but undoubtedly they were very small, and in many cases nothing was given to them by the parishioners. Nor does this represent the whole work contributed by the Diocese, for of late years, ^ the entire work of church building and of maintaining the fabric of the churches, and of providing a great variety of improvements, has fallen on the parishioners, who are unaided except by other willing workers in t||^ Diocese, and by small endowments, and by timely, but not large bene- factions from the S. P. C. K., which has been one of our great and generous helpers. In short, I find in the year ending 1st May, 1874, the contributions to the Church Society $7,294 and to the clergy in connection with it $9,336,"' while the various gifts and legacies to the church have reached the sum of $30,547, independent of the noble legacy of $40,(X)() by the late Chief Justice Chipman. Surely it cannot be said that pro- gress has not been made, or that God has not blessed and prospered our endeavours ; nor can it be said with justice, that the wealth of members of our church has increased in proportion to the general prosperity of the Province. As far as official salaries are concerned, their value is much diminished, or they have passed into other hands. And in several places which I could name, the members of our church were far better able to endow their Rectories, and to support their clergy, forty years ago, than they are now. The present liberality is therefore more gratifying. Nor ought I to omit the fact, that in the last two years, our people have appeared to recognize the duty of a contribution to the Foreign Missions 'This ia also ezclasive of the ten parishes which are entirely self sustaining. tl J •♦! hirty uoniu with I near < it is )iii it, f my trust, uiid it 9111 all [itercd lation, jontri- 11, ami )r doen years, ^ of the in tlH§ bene- at and 74, the nectiun have 140,001) at pro- red our iMiibers of the s much places able to '0, than itifying. lie have ^lissions ing. of the S. r. fJ.t Kvcn on (he Mjore of gratitude, the duty it* undeniable and T hope that you will, as occasion serves, press this claim on j'our parishioners, both on the score of ordinary ffrntitude for past benefits, and in the assurance of the divine promise, that thoy who thus water others shall be «ratercd also themselves. From the subject of support given to our Missions, T pas4 to the building, repair, and improvement of our churches. Tf our Missionary lab lurers h ive inorc-isod twofold, our churches have multiplied in a larger proportion. The number of churches and chapels built, or rebuilt, or greatly improved and enlarged, amounts, T believe, to 78, and there are not more than four (I think) in which special improvement has not taken place, in some cases, almost entirely by the aid of the prrishioners. in none without that aid. You will nor, T trust, consider that I magnify my own endeavours, if t say that the erection of the parish church and oithodral of Fredoricton contributed a considerable quota to this united effort ; and that the sum of $66,000 for the one, and $1200 for the other of these buildings, have acted as a stimulus to the erection of other like edifices less costly, but not more practically useful. T do not know any church in the diocese of which a larger practical use has been made than the cathedral. It has always been used for Divine Service every day, and often twice in the day. The iy Communion, began on St. Barnabas Day 1845, the day after I Eered Fredericton, has never been omitted on the festivals appointed ^y the Church ; a weekly Communion was first begun in this Church. The number of Communicants for the year has generally been about 2000, and during the present year ending June 11th, has been 2200 — and though no place in the Province has suffered more from political and other changes, by deaths and^removals, our collections to this day have continued to be threefold what they were under the pew-system. Starting with a debt of £1100, I have now accumulated and placed in the hands of trus- tees the sum of $7,40(» towards the annual support of the assistant Minister, and $1,700 towards repairs, whilst the parish chuich enjoys all the property which formerly belonged to the old church as well as the glebes, which are by law assigned to it^s Rector. If use and progress may be held to be measures of value for money laid out, we may surely claim that that value has been received. In this list of churches wholly built or rebuilt, or considerably enlarged, must be placed St. Paul's Church, Portland, at an expense of $22,000, besides the cost of the windows ; m till the year 1872 the Diocese contrihnted to such Foreiun Miavions, $347 1873, $591 ; in 1874, $630. in V St. .John's, St. Mark's I'anisli, #'.),fMli»; St. Anditw's, at iiii cxpctisu of $12,000; St. Stephen's Christ ('hurch, at ahout the saiuo ; St. Ste|»hcir.«* Trinity, of |(;,0(K); Trinity t'hiuuh, Susso.k, of !f«S,OfM>; Stmlholin Churuh, of $:iMOO; St. David's |;i,()00; Hampton, lit.OOO ; Kin^^'ston $;;,r)00 ; St. James, $4,400; St. Mary's Chapel, St. .Iiule's, Carloton, D.ilhousie. HIaekvillu and Nelson, Newcastle, $.'{,000; in ITpham four ehurches. Cunterhury two, IVinee William throe, Andover two, (.'ocaigne one. Stanley one, Woodstotik two, Sackville and Dorchester three, Kothesay one, (Jreenwieh one, Maryl.ind and Itushaj^onish one each, Sinioiids one, Grand Falls three, St. Ueor/j;e and Ponnfield two, Richmond one, Maui,'er- ville and Burton three, I'etersville two, Douglas and Uri^ht four, N(»rton two, Moneton one, (^ueenshury three, (^iin|)ol)ello one, Westfield two. Petitcodiac three, Dutch N'alley one, Mus»hould nut only be .supplemented, but penetrated by religion ; not embittered, as the cojunion fallacy says, by the controversies of sects, but sanctioned by the knowledge of our duty to God and our neighbour, di.stinctly, diiily and thoroughly taught. It is (1 know) .said that parents and pastors mus't undertake thi-* religious duty. If parents generally performed it it ap)»ears to me that they would .. Cocaifjiic Olio. ' thro(', Jlotho.suy ell, SiiiKHids otic, »'i(l Olio, Maiii,'or- i^lit four, Noifoii Wo.stfiold two. IJuotoiiolu! one. las boon offootod, 3 that irioroascd iritoiost ill diviin' loso works to a the oxpoiis(! is lavo oalled lortK^ OS. •t )>uoe with y|t ly brothren, R iriary sohools n^ ;ivon. And th(f ition of toaohing [as it cortainly is iglit oontinually onablod to do it, liir tOMchiria: be; fi'ii at largo will >nid nut only bo as tbo coninion t!io knowlodg(! ind thorough ly nndortako this iiTM to nio that ig. And what t his offoctaul ed to K'avo tho work In those who really ro«(uiru to bo taught tliotiisolves? (Miildron cannot bo taught effuctiially by .serinoiis. Tho pronoher shoots beyond thuni. Thi.s quustion gocH far duoper than question** of partioular (jovorn- tuont8, or oven than tho cry about Papists and Protectants. It lit^s at the foundation of national faith and nationul morality. If tho faith and fear of Ood are not couHtantly taught, mankind will believe nothing good, and if they do not believe, they will act according to their own belief [n an addresH of thiH nature, I cannot undertake to suggest any plan of imincdiatt! action, but I desire to call your attention to this great subject. T beseech you not to let it drop, and [ hope this Synod will be moved to take the matter into serious consideration, and, among other branches of church education, the nccesmty for some more definite and more full instruction of tho oandidaten for the Ministry constantly forces itself on my mind. I have personally given to this work as much time as I c;in spare. But laden as I constantly am with correspondence, the prepaiation of sermons, and other daily duties, independent of constant travelling through the diocese, I feel that I cannot discharge the duty cifectually and unre- mittingly. It ought to devolve on some one nmn, who could devote a larger portion of his time to it, and I think it would be desirable that the sum I have collected by way of an endowment, and which now stands in ■ly name at the Bank of New Brunswick, invested in public securities, y should form a nucleus towards this great object, whicli is to us and to ; those who come after us of paramount importance. I now proceed to name another subject in which both you and myself are deeply interested. I have now presided over you for nearly thirty years, and have travelled more than 95,000 miles in your service, and the service of the Diocese, and for that matter I would willingly travel 05,000 more ; but I cannot look forward to so extended a period, even if life were spared, with any hope of increasing usefulness. In the ordinary course of nature if the spirit be equally willing, the flesh will be more weak, and I have often thought of the evils that might arise from physical inability to discharge all the duties of my office, or from, possibly, some severe and continued infliction of illness, or in case of any sudden removal, from the difficulties likely to happen during an interregnum, which has been prolonged in certain well known instances for a year after the death of the Bishop. There should, if possible, never be a Diocese without a Bishop, or at least the time should be so short as to be almost inappreciable. I desire, therefore, with your concurrence, to propose to the Synod a canon of this nature ; that, whenever I feel that my diminished strength requires 10 p*» the assistance of another Bishop, the Synod shall proceed to the election of a Bishop, such assistant to have the right of succession after my death. I shall in such case l>e prepared to make such allowance from my oflScial income towards his support as may be agreed on between the Synod and myself, according to the extent of the duties which shall be imposed on him. How .such assistant Bishop shall obtain consecration, or by whom he .shall be consecrated are matters that will require further inquiry and consideration. By this means, if it be approved by the Synod, the Dioce.«e will not only be a.s.sisted during my life if it should be prolonged, but no confusion will arise after my decease ; and the new Bishop would enter on his duties with the experience derived from his previous acquaintance with them. Such seems to be the common custom in the sister churches of the United States, and it has been already adopted with advantage, in the neigh- Iwring Diwese of Newfoundland. In the enumeration of the acts which indicate the progress of our church, I have not attempted to measure the increase of our spiritual life, although T need hardly say. that I value this evidence of our usefulness far beyond the building of churches, or even the increase of the clergy. I have purposely abstained from such an attempt, because the result is not I believe to be measured by man. Jjove to God and love to our neighbor are scriptural proofs of a lively faith in our Lord, but to count an^ measure .such proofs as we take account of ordinary numbers, is in my judgment impossible; and presumptous if it should seem possible. We^ can but sow the seed as our bles.sed master bids us sow it, in prayer and faith and diligence, and we must leave the result to him — thankful if we are allowed to see the fruit of our labours ; contented if we labour patiently ourselves, and other men enter into our labours. It may however, be observed with truth that no body of people multiply their clergy without a desire to reap spiritual benefit from their ministrations and that churches are only multiplied and enlarged in order that God may be worshipped more frequently, and by a larger number within them. Even the adornment of churches manifests that loving care and tenderness which proceed from reverence towards God, faith in his promises and love towards our fellow Christians. Again, in the account of the whole result, I have been obliged to omit all mention of single and separate acts of self sacrifice on your part, not from want of appreciation of your faithful and dutiful labors, but because it would be invidious ti) select instances of individual enterprise and perseverance, though I trust that this Diocese would farni.sh as many instances of such godly zeal as 11 others which are more known and talked about. The Hfe of our mission- aries may be called a hard, prosaic life, involving much continuous labor, with scanty remuneration, and many difficulties and discouragements, and with very little of the material which enables writers to make the thrilling narratives of hair breadth escapes, from shipwreck, storms or other dangers. And yet we know quite as well as others, what fatigue and even danger means, and because hardness is .so much a part of our ordinary life, we do not go out of our way to record it. If the absence of the romance of missionary work prejudice us in the eyes of some of our friends at home, and the Diocese is passed over in a few scanty lines, we have the blessed satisfaction of knowing that no work humbly and earnestly done for the love of Christ is unknown to our blessed master, nor will be unappreciated by him. By this one rule I desire that we may always live: "Whatsoever ye do, do it heartily, as to the Lord, and not unto men ; knowing that of the Lord ye shall receive the reward of the inheritance, for ye serve the Lord Christ." Popular praise will pass away as quickly as popular censure; but God's approbation of the single eye and the unflinching earnestness will never pass away. Well has it been said, "Cujus vita fulgor, ejus verba tonitrua." I must not conclude without a few words on some other topics which Ittem to require observation. First, let uie thank you all warmly and Satefully for your manifest and publicly recorded acts of faithfulness to urine truth, in your protest against communicating with those who deny the fundamental doctrines of Christianity ; in your loyalty to the formu- laries of our Church and in your unanimous resolution to give no countenance to those who have diligently endeavoured to form a schism in the Church. Onr formularies remain exactly what they were more than two centuries ago. The object of those who handed them down to us for our subscription, was to render them as like the doctrines of the primitive Church of Christ as they were able ; and if any change has taken place in the interpretation of them, it has been effected by the gradual change ot circumstances to render them more tolerant and comprehensive, and to create a wider distinction between truths which are fundamental, and plainly deducible from Holy Scripture, and rites which are neither taught nor prohibited by Scripture. In questions of ritual, it is impossible to suppose, that men can be brought entirely to agree. The Rubrics them- selves are far from providing accurately for every duty and custom, and if we were to act strictly on the maxim, that everything which is not set down is prohibited, wo should be obliged to abaudon a great number of It customs in which wc all agree. There seems to be no authority in the Rubrics for preaching' in a pulpit, for communion raiU, for seats, for the patterns and forms of furniture, for hymns, for metrical r-