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To the a7ind, which has a just concep- tion of the leal character of the depraved soul unrenewed; the unrelenting tenacity, with which vicious, degrading, o- luting habits— long indulged in, adhere to it ; the roost im, a- cable enmity of such habits to all virtuous restraints and holi- ness; the breadth, length, depth,and height of the moral dis- » Tuouaim on tui Cance existing between the Heathen and Pcriptural viewi of God, and between the nature and spirit of the whole flystein of Pagan idolatry and Christianity: or in a word, to the mind which has adequate views of a degraded lieathen and c.n intel- ligent earnest christian — this work will appear to be an Her* culecn task, from which it will naturally recoil with shudder- ing, crying out with one of old " O my Lord, send T pray thee by the hand of him whom thou wilt send." But bfifore we shrink from this glorious enterprise, let ua pause a little and inquire, whether or not, this is the work of human instrumen- tality. For an answer to this all-important inquiry, I would appeal « to the law and to the testimony." As we open thia volume, to decide thjs question — full of interest to man, as in- volving him in r3sponsibilities innumerable and inexpressibly weighty — the first great command which arrests the attention is our Saviour's farewell address to His foUoioers,"^ Co ye into all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature.'' Ne- ver was a command couched in more unequivocal and signifi- cant terms— terms whose meaning is unmistakable— terms which most clearly reveal to man, that he is not to lay off bin armour and cease from his aggressive conflict with sin and sa- tan, until the glad tidings of salvation has heen proclaimed to every human being on earth. Such is the reasoni,ng of iha Apostle Paul in the tenth chap, to the Romans, from the 13(h 10 the 16th verses. Such also is the sentiment of that sweet, lovely, heaven born song, which the angelic choiristers sang "in Bethlehem's plains" — on that ever memorable night of O'jr Saviour's inearnftfion and humiliation. Such is the great voice of our Saviour's life, of the life of the great Apostle to the Gentiles, of the lives of all the apostles, of the lives of the priraimtive Cljiristians, and of the whole History of the Cliurch. Such also is lhe/i«// import and true spi.-it of the " Golden rule," •' Do unto others, as you would have others do unto you." True it is, God could have supernaturally made this salva- tion known to the whole human family; but since we are thus satifactorily and unmistakably taught, — that God " ac- cording to the good pleasure of His will, " has \)Q^ri pleased 10 appoint that the Christianisation of the world, be the great sphere of human instrumentality, and that by xvhicb it is to be effucied ; hence, tho' man was a thousand times more unqiial- I for thi^ diffiouU work than he vealy is .and tho' the work \ * » QUALIVICATZ0N9 0» k MISSIOMAlir. I itself, if possible, were a thousand times ten thousand more ar- duous than it is ; yet, there ehould be no shrinking back froto it, no complftininp, no hesitancy ; but a cheerful readin^sa to consecrate the whole powers of mind and body to thia work— the only inquiry being, — Lord what wilt thou have rae do ia this glorious entitrprise. Havins? thus most satisfactorily ar- r.ved at the conclusion, that it is th'j du,:y of Christiana to pro- pngrtte the truths of the gospel:— I in the next place will consider, who are to ^ro, or what are the qualifications of « missionary The fundamental quali6cation, upon which the missionary'* C» mI 4 THOUdirra on tum but tlio true dplrit of the gospel is, that whatever is proper for a missionary ;o do, or whatever may be expecttu of him in the way of making self-sacrfices, is equally obligatory on every Christian. " Ecery individual member of the Church i as been enlightened and quickened, not for himself only, but that he may tell others what the Lord has done for his fioul, to promote the common salvation, and pray that Christ's will be done on earth as it is done in heaven/' These are considerations which should much engage the thoughts of a//. We should prr.y earnestly, to be wholly delivered fi-om this natural disposition, to shrink from trying, self-denying duties nnd to cast them on others. Hence, it becomes the Christian faithfully and solemnly to put this inquiry to his "oul ;— -am I doing aU'itt the way of making self-denial and self-sacrifice for the conversion of souls which the gospel demands of meP—r The minister, at home, should speak much to his own soul & to his people, on this subject. Let the church then see, that fihe b( th theoretically and practically teaches, that all, whe- ther it be the self-denying and devoted missionary, in some fai' distant land of heathendom, the mini&tcr at home, in the discharge of his pastoral duties, the husbandman, at the plough, the merchant, in the counting-house, the mechanic, in the ^v,ork•shop, or the sailor, on the broad ocean, should consider themfelves under equal obligation to be wholly consecrated to the promotion of the common solvation — in the way of mak- ing self-fcacrifices, of earnestnesp, zeal and prayerfulness.— • "When the church is imbued with snch a spirit, then, and not till then, will the banner of the cross move on, carrying its be: nign influences, with rapid strides — in such a manner as shall cause the powers of darkness to retreat in dismaj', bringing the glad tidings of peace to many a heathen ear, and the heaven-born sweets of salvation to many a perishing soul. To return from this digession, I would observe in the next place, that tho' these remarks are in accordance with the whole tenor of Scripture, yet it is equally true, that the duties of Christians are various,— requiring various abilities, qual- ifications and developements of these. As in the tillage and . xtcnsion of a vine-yard, there ar« a great variety of depart- ments of labour, requiring an equally great variety of genius :ind qualifications; incurring dlflerent amounts of responsibi- lity : so also in the culiivalion and extension of the Lord's .\ infvairl.tiiere is al-oan equally great variety of departments^ QlfAlIflCATIONS 0? A MISSlOifAUt. O of labour requiring as great a variety of talents and qualifica- tions, and incurrino; as preat a variety of reBponsibiluies.-- One of these various departments of labour, is the worK assigned to the missionary. Now, what are those graces qualifications, and developments of these, which an individu- al should possess, in order, toft him or her for this work. The first thin{?, in the character of the ra'ssiss.onary, to which I would direct attentiou, is a call to cuter upon thw work. It is not to be expected that the Saviour will come in person and say " follow me," or that he is to have a commissi- on proclaimed directly from heaven.as it was m the case ot the apostle Paul. All that the missionary has a warrant to expect, is an inward suggestion from the Spirit, that it is his or her duty to " go ;" and accompanied with which there is an earnest heart-felt desire to obey the summons. Various are the agencies, which the Holy Spirit employs to awaken such sentiments and such a sense of duty, in the bosom of those whom He would htxve engage in this noble work. Ihe inlan- tile throbbings of these emotions and this sense of duty, may hava been brought into action— in the infantile mind— by a word from the mother's lips, as the child was beitig fondled oq her lap, or sported by her side ;-or by a mother s tear, as she reads respecting the soul perishing condition of the poor hea- then. A mother's tear speaks volumes ; and when shed in such circumstances often makes impressions time never effaces. This state of mind may be the result of the father s payers ; —when, a& he offers up his morning and evening sacrihces with a gravity that indicatec to his child that his mind is deep- ly impressed with the awful solemnity of the exercise,--at times causing the child to feel that "surely the Lord is in this place" ;~he, then, pours out his soul in solemn supplicatioa for those who are perishing for lack of knowledge— earnestly entreating the Lord, that He would look down, in tender mer- cy and compassion, on " the dark places of earth full of habi- tatioPS of cruelty." It may be the effect of a sermon, or of readin«» subjects on missions. Various are the influences or . agencies which, under God, may be the means of calling a person to this work. This voice, when it begins to speak in childhood, strengthens with the strength, and grows louder with the growth of the child. This call may come in mature age,— being the result of some such influence as those menti- oned above"; or perhaps, a voice witbin, saying, « go' — bnl '^h^:'-t^'^ TBOOQHTS ON TH» how Ar whence it csme, he know:) not. It is proper here, (o direct attention to the danget' of falling inio error, in reference to tLetia inward workinuch influencea, as tend to work upon this peculiar diDpo-^tion of mind, may thus have excited in his mind a doitire — purdy philanthropic — to go and be employed in raelicnrting the condition of eufTering humanity. There may be in his bo!>om a desire for ei — a wish to see, meditate on, and admiro earih's various sceneries and sacred spots — on the boistrous wave of Ocean to muse on the stupendous power of Omnipo< tent arm and the grand terrific warrings of nature's elements — which may induce him to offer his service to this work, in order that he mrty have an opportunity to gratify this dasire. It ii possible, that he may not bo fu'ly conscious ihat such is the leading motive InHuencing him to this act. Again, be may be ambitious — fond of notonnty. To the mind of such an individual, — there being so much that is romantic about tho missionary enterprise, as it is now regarded by the church — it must present a charm largely calculated to awaken in his bosom a desire to be engaged in this work. Hence the necessity of in- forming the mind as to what is the real nature of atrue call. A desire, which, after we have t^^nuded it of all those un- holy influences, refered to above, is still unabated: — yea, I may say, its unrelenting strength is thus intensified, and ita throbings are thus felt to be more sacred and haavenlj' than ever, A desire, which, altho' at times, a sense o( weakness, unfitness, and the arduous natare of the work, may cau^e op- pression, wavering of mind, and a disposition, Jonah like, to escape * from the presence of the Lord ;" yet, the thought of fieeiny is far more paimu! and unendurable— at which the mind shudders, and from which it recoils, saying, " Lord thy will be done— I gOr If thou hast any work for me to do—* teach me what it is, anJ I will strive to perform it — If thou hast not, ihen, take me tQ thyself— from the evil of thir, world." This call may still farther be discriminated by God's provi- dential dealings towards the one who is the subject of it.— Does He seem to open up the way for hiiu to go, and partic- ularly, if in his dealings wifh such persons, lie subjects thetn to fucb discipUae« as tends most larg<)l^ iofit bim or hor foe nvkuncxri'-iih or a misuonajit. t this work j ihen, be a^yiired thflt this is a call from God to 50. Than it is, I conceive, that the Lord speaks to those .vhom he would havp employed in this service. Let the one to v^hoai such a voice comes, be assw^ed that it is the voice of the 'Sa- viour calling to him or her to (70— take cournjre— rest upon all tho promise^ which buve a buari.»fj upon this work,— and praii'e the Lord that he has put thi-i desire in your heart— for bucli isoithe Lurd and not of man. Finally, this desirt •houlu be the subject of constant exaT>v'nr.tior anrJ prayer. A missionary should possess Ahria. Ic Fe'th. I do not propose to consider what faiih it, «s to it thJir G- f M , P""''"' /" ^^ -^"Sa^ed in sach service oT al Lh. f^f^'^'--'? ^«'' ""^Jer privations and the loss o all ..ar and d.ar to them,-i„ order to bring ^lory ,o God or.,i „^ • "r'"' I'lf- lap of ease and HxnrH*^ honnura as ,1,. (and of "rhutn tI ," '" ^""'"' "'"' '"''"'■'"* lliov deli.,,, „'. . ""/"«"• TlJ<;re (hey jearn (o be— ib„ra ifl-.l di f,;! ,1 "^ '' ,*'"' ""^ 'I""'- l^"' '■' ""( thus q,ml. m^ di-like (0 ihe »o, k_disser(ion— iniurv to tho c>Zl ■F"-^^ „ --«si^*. , ^'^!;:,^. A'^^.umility , which feels, in all its extent '^"^ ^^^^^^^^^^ out Goi, we can do nothing acceptable /o Hin-th t a» Btren^th for the discharge of duty is from the Lord-^that ha> in" done all, we arti uiiprufitable servants. , • u ^« Ther! is m.ch connected with missionary labotir, which de- man r'uch humility. I shall simply refer, to the notone y Td If denial of thi. work. On account of these, the )OUth. Jul mis ionary i. in danger of having his mot.ves, to a certain Ixten CO r',^,,ed by th^se influences. He may thus labour n oa ; to Le admired , and also conceive, that the course of le^wl ich he is following, merits God's ^^vour deserves a re- ^ard, and renders them more worthy - ^ijf ^^ jJ.f^f^J^^^^S ♦ hose Christians who remain ut home. T.^^^e th.ng, roD ^oa iS own are dishononring to Him; will result m the loss oar'mpair the missionjy's usefulness and j^row.hvnBp.. r tu^l itV -Tind largely mar his own comfort and delight in the Jmk Such hum"iii y, (which is also the work of the Spirit 3 should be lie b .-ct of constant and earnest prjyer,) nnlv can raile im superior to all those influences. Heuce, the^n^r-^^^^^^^^ shouldbeapei.uuo^ deep, 'in?higi:;;S;able, that the mUsu^nary-have edarged^a accurate views of God's universal Providence. He shouia So only know, bat feel that it "ot only takes cogmzancc of toe stupa^dous events which arrest the gaze of all ; but «lso ofX mo^ rainute events and things in existence.^ Such »» nec^ar;J.ive him comfort and encouragement m hia di^ ''T'ri^^a ^ilutident to the missionary's le^f^^^ Jed land! The ersl thought which occurs to ihe «i«Hir«r # tmmM»i i mi iM m *'%W »llli»W«iiilWMI't 12 Tiiouairrs on thb ray mother is (o be left for ever. Who is she ? It is the one who first received me into her bosom with emotioHd of joy none can tell. Kind Reader, bear with me a little, as I lin- ger a moment, to reflect on her love. With what fondness and tenderness JId she fondle me in hei bosom, and watch over me as I slept in my cradle, with- out an attraction except my helplessness? As I grew, for me Bhe has given the sleep cf countless hours and ihe toils of countless days. How tenderly and anxiously has she watch- ed over me in my sickness. How full has that loving bo- som ever been of stlf-denial and solicitude, to promote my happiness! How ready to hear all my little grievances ; and to sympathize with me in all my little trouble?. O! how tenderly has she borne with me in all my waywardness ; and how kindly reproved me for my faults. How often have I sat by her side, as she read, or taught me to read the blessed Bible ; and often too, have I listened to her read some story of Redeeming love, or of the perishing condition of the hea^ then. How warm I How deep ! must be the attachment to such a mother. Take one instance more of attachment.if pos- sible, deeper and more binding. It is that of a daughter unit- ed to a fond and loving mother by all those influences, just mentioned ; but still more— she is the refletced image of her tcother, both in person and soul. Thus, in their bosoms ex- ists a sameness of feelings, coincidence of views, and a oneness of sympathy. Hence, the mother is to her instead of all so- ciety ; and by whose side is her choice and most pleasant seat. How is that seat to be deserted for ever, and those ten- der, sacred ties to be broken ! This is a love the tenderest sweetest, purest, strongest, and most binding of all earthly at- tachments. • Again, there is the father. Who knows his emotions of joy, as he first received me into his arms ? and that love for rae, which was then awakened in his bosom, O how deep ! Direct your thoughts to its workings. What have been his self-denying labours, to support, educate, and provide forme? How often, under the heat and burden of the day, has he wiped away the sweat frr^m his brow and returned home weary and faint from the cares and toils of the day. All this has he en- dured for me without a murmur. The very first risings of eomplaiot, checked by the thought, it is /or mi/ child. how 1 QOALinCATlOKS OF A MISSIONARY. 15 de .! bow tender! must be that love. Then there is the combined anxious care and ^•'^^«^''"?' ^^ .^«'';^[/"l'" ^,1' over every successive development of their child, frona Juld- hood to man or womanhood. Their many prayers instruc- tions, warDin;?.,and encouragments. How deep and d.s.ntcr- esfed is parentG' love? Who would not love, or could re ra n from loving father and mother? Who, then, can tell t!«e depth and keeness ot that pan.2, which the thought-no more to see them, in .time, must awaken in the bo.om of the youthful mis- gionary? 3ut deep and painful, as it may and must be, he could endure it cheerfully. But how can he cause pain to tbo e who have thus loved and toiled for him ? How can he .ress the parting tear flow over their cheeks : I ow can bebla«t all their pleasing antic.pationi., which Lave boine them up in all those cares ard labours which he has brought unon them : viz. that he would be " the prop o\ their old age -thrdwThalo of comfort and pleasure around their declining years-and molify the expiring struggle^ of declining nature, llow can he deprive them oflhese their natural and proper "^plltions. This is the most intense feeling ; the deepes achin- of heart ; and is the most unsupportable of all the pan-V or she has to endure in separating frotn home and friends Then it is, that the missionary requires those qualiti- cation ' vvhich have been (he subject of the preceding re- marktin order that they may be enabled to sever the tender- TsMie and to crush the strongest feelings of nature w'-tl^out a m rmur ; to feel in its full import and spirit, that, " he who ^ve*h father, or mother more than me is not worthy of me. Tlnrtle numerous tender ties which the m.ss;onary «.ut sunder, may be those of the brother of h s earliest mir U Td sorrow ; his constant and loving companion thro' all the rari^urscen'e, and events of early life ; united in fee ings sen- liments, and aspirations-heart bound to heart. But, he also must receive a last farewell, »' Brother, I go : faroaell ! farewell ! One sigh, one prayet and all is o er My native lano, the cord must thrill, And break, that binds roe to thy shore : Tbe zephyrs o'er thee softly play, But waft the wanderer far away. " Brother, I go ; farewell ; farewell ! A star is gleaming o or the wave, 10 ^' i '^m wM 14 yiiouuKW ow •m» Far, far beyond the billows' swell ; It comes not like the meteor's blaze, The star of hope : its heavenly ray Shall gild the .vand3rer'8 lonely way. Brother, I go farewell ! farewell I The ocean may my bosom lave The billow o'er me proudly swell, The dark sea be the exile's grave : But when the surges cease to rr ar, Brother, tve'll meet to part no more." Agfiin, brothers and sisters endeared both by thfl ties of na- ture and IcnfT Hafil association ; companions of youthful sporti and sorrows; home, around which cluster so many pleading, delightful rerainesencws ; beloved, native land, connected with which, theio is so much that acts like a magic spell over ihosa to whom it haf? given bi.th; friends— dear friends and con- nections from whom he has received so much kindness, with whom he has spent so mani/ pleasant, happy hours; and to whom he is dear, must all receive a last adieu, and a last lin- gering look. All these and a thousand other tender ties, ex. ercise so potent a spell over the spirits, that, at times, when they are felt in all their aggregate force and weight, they so bind and chain to home, as to cause the individual to feel, as Ito'he never could leave this sacred spot— ihe land ofhis birth. Hence, the cal^for a peculiar fitness to qualify a person to occupy a place in this portion of the Lord's vine-yard, in or- der to enable him cheerfully to meet these trials, and without a murmur, to break away from all these tender ties. But still farther, it not unfrequeiitly happens, that there are those wiro do not recosjnize the missionaries' duty to go; and are thus lead to "misrepresent the feelings and motives ot the missionaries m leavmg then- friends ;'" who impute to them cold hearts and blunt- ness of sensibility ; who say that it is on this account they " can break away from the embrace of parents, brothers, sisters,&o , leav- mj^ them in an^juish and in tears;" or, in a word, there a.v those who would have them remain at home ; and who, if ih^-y refuse Vo remain, think them cruel—unfeeling. Now to those who are right- ly impressed with their duty toijp; whose hearts are full of thelen derest, warmest, and purest attJl-hment to their parents, brothers, sisters, friends &c ; whose hearts are bleeding and souls ^rushmsr with the most painful emotions, at the thought of sunderincr all those tender and sacred ties, and of bidding them adieu Ibi ev'er;— how painful— deeply painful! must it be to them, to know, that they are eharged by lome with a want of seusibility, coldness, iudifiurenee »4UA,UMCi,'nONS 01 i MIMlOSiAT. .!.'» tothe fflelin'^soflhelr frietvla. Here, then, are trials, which re- quire them To know and lo feel the depth of the Si^viour's love— to lay hold on t\w promises with a firm and unflinchins grasp— to teel their duty to the Saviour, in all its just torca and impor.— their duty to fouU— and the worth of the immortal soul. These are triaU , which the misriionary is called upon to meet at the very threshold of his work. , •. i i. u 2 The missionnry should be prepared, as described above, DO- oause, when his heurt is sore and desponding under trials, toils, pri- vations little api)arent success, the press wickedness of the heaihcn, the liiile he can do to elevate them &<•, he has no friend to whom ho may 20 and unburden his soul, and from whom he may receive sym- pathy, comfort, and encourasenicnt. In this way fiiose who labour at home, have their har.ds strengthened and their hciarts encourag- ed in their labours. To be thus conilbittd, stren^ithencd, and eii- coura<^ed, is Scrip'ural. Of this the apo?tIe Paul frequently mikes mention ; Curistians are enjoined, thus 'o comfort anparated. Hence, he requires a peculiar fitness to qualify him for this -vork. In such circumstances, if he is not properly prepar- cd for this situation, he must be most nilHerable. Under such a load, his physical and mental energies must sink ; his zeal and ac- tivity must Aivi ; and thus, he must utterly fail to accomplish that for which he has been* sent thither. Finally the character of missionary life, is such, as to tend large- ly to promote the spiritual growth of the individual, who is rightly qualifLd for it. In various ways it exercises ihis^influence over tha person civra^ed in this noble and praise worthy calHn;:. 1 The missionary, in his trials, distresses.&c- destitute of all earthly friends to whom he may unburden his soul and from whom he may receive heart-cheer n^ sympathy and co.-.solation— will fly to God— make known to Him aH hU wants and sorrows-aud seek from Him all that after. wliicU his soul lonirs. Seekitig, he wiU find God 10 be all tltat He has promised to be to those who seek Him-- and will thus find re ison to rejoice in Him, as " a Friend that stick- cth closer than a brother." Thus, there will be awakened .in hn bosom Yearnings alter, near communion with God-an earnestness and familiarity ''in seeking and poing to Him, at all times. Thus, be will realize, in his happy experience, that •' He sympatizes with our grief, And to the suflTrer sends relief " These are sources of sweet comfort and joy of which tho world, and even, the lukewarm Uhristiau knows nothing. 2 Nohura.mann to protect him from the ^^"?«"' Peculiar h\n sitttation, he will adopf tlie language o( the Pdulmist m the 18th 9^»»:>afm»^0MdKs^m^tm>i.'M»^<^m^■ i*a^>«r,i»>«aMi ''»jiul be freed •, f^h captiiro held % Sa tan , boun d , Loud songs of freedom may resound. Fear not, ye serviittts of t^. Lord ; Unto earth's darkusi rogioha, speed. ' Let not the i>d%erf of darkness frtgU Trust m tfie Lord who ie your might ; Obey his wortlff his. truth proclaim, Nor, shun the poor, the blind, the Ia|i|*. Join, Christians all fo spread the iigh| O'er lands that dwell in darkest night Hear, ye the cry of heathen lands, N«ir, close t inds. Sdpply, them with lUe worn ut lii'i Tin peji<^8hall t^M|^#lace of 3. »> 0b eartV! «lai Now ecu cwr glorjd , come. An Eterfit T utli ! why not spread? Landf benighted! for i^ sigh. Isles of Pacific ivaters • Stained by their human ali»iihter3 As, their victims plead Jfoi" life, Bound in chains^-mh^man strife, Ev'ry breeze that passes asse4 by. -• Be there non. ; us of Bedeeming love, "^re we're tost." I goi Oh Brethren, prayjor me. Earthly friends ! a last farewell. Nn\v, dear Saviour, be#y friend. 'B^^HS^'' w •Js^ V / ■•> 5