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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 <7 * 4 /% . <; t. «. i^ Eiu CONTENTS.-BooK XL ■ if f ^uiius having ,i,.,t ,■„ ,,o„„„r „, Mars made a trophy of the spoils of M. cening their report, in conncil assemUed, Latin„3 bacl^Id hvn CCS, a personal enemy of Turnus, advocates peae " Turnu. ^L "" -»- orders to the^:reera: 'S' h riestTclr-'^T^' agreed that she shonid encoun er the cavaZ sen t f„ T ' " " scour the plain • whi'e T„r„„. , i ■ , ""^""^y' ^<^"' "" advance to at agorge^hro^Vhthic'^T'hl-t r"X" ''^ """'" "™^' ment, in which Camilla performs «eat feat, tl , '""T ""«"«<- % Aruns : which loss is fcW^H f , ^ ™'°"''' "''» '^ ^'"i" disaster being c nvey d °o t" n..^^" ^°,'"'"'"= ™"'- News of the -quest Of Oam'illa, Zdo'ns h " ^ !: ',"„; f r,-:^. '« "'« "^-'"^ -^'ueas with hiq nrmv ft^ll . i ~ " uctcnco of me city. prevented ";. t^/rS ^I,""" """ ^ "'" ^ -«''^--' '^ 1 J. \ I c s G F B « mi ■j-'j A] -«NEID, B. XI. Meanwhile Aurora rising left the sea ^neas—tho' pressed by anxiety Ti mo to give for burying of his dead And 'boat the funeral * disquieted— With the first dawn Gods' vows did victor pay large oak-from all sides branches cutaway- ITrSt ^'""'^ "' *='°*'^ with'^armour Spoils of Mozontius-trophy of the fight, Great God of War, to thee ; on several pU Fits the man serestsblood-dropping; and the darts By the eonfliet wrecked; and the breastnlnt„ too xnrustm twice six places and pierced through Id ti °'l-r '''' '"'' «'^' '^^ '"'- dec? • And the ivory-hdted sword suspends from neck 8 •liiNEii), 1?. xr. Jg Thou liis exulting tri(Mids (for u wliolc crowd Of loaders hemmed him in) he exhorts aloud The greatest thing, O men, accomplished, Of what remains all fear bo banished. These spoils the first fruits are of hauglity kin^ My hand did to this pass Mezentius bring ! Now lies to Latin king and walls our way : Arms ready have ; anticipate the fray With spirit, hope; lest, when High Gods concede Standards to lift and forth camp youth to lead, Any delay you ignorant impede And any care you slow through fear retard. Let us, meanwhile, corses unburied, scarred, Of friends to the earth commit; which alone Remains of honours 'neath deep Acheron.'-^ Go, says he, decorate with last guerdon Illustrious sjirites, who by their blood have won For us this home. But first be sent with gloom To city of Evander — Pallas, whom — Not destitute of valour — snatched away, And in death bitter whelmed, the doleful day. Weeping he spoke : and steps to threshold bends ] ] 1 m ^t:neii), b. XI. Where lifeless Pallas' body placed attends The old AcaHos, who before Jiad been Parrhasian * Evander's arm'-bearer keen, -But not with auspices like iiappy went AVhen of beloved charge attendant sent Wliole menial band and Trojan crowd were there And Ilium's matrons, loosed by wont their Iiair ' i^ut when iEneas entered portals hU^h Boating their breasts they raise to slai's loud crv • Kebellows with sad grief the hall. As ho ' Propped head and Pallas' features wan did see And on smooth breast the gashed wound that aj.pears Of Ausonian steel-he thus speaks, starting tears •- Has Fortune, says he, when she came in joy Envied me thee, O pitiable boy ! That thou shouldst see at leng'th our kingdom made And victor be to father's scat conveyed. '" Not these the promises concerning thee I parting gave Evander sire, when he Having embraced, to high command me sent And fearing uttered this admonishment— The men are fierce ; with hardy race the war 9 10 iENEII), B. XI. Bi i ' i And now indeed, with vain hope filled afiir, Mayhap he vows makes and gifts is bestowin< Whilst, grieved, the youtli extinct and nought now JM*; owing High Gods, with vain pomp we accompany. Unhappy ! thou shalt son's sad funeral see. These our returns ! Our hoped-for triumphs these ! This the great confidence that once did please ! But thou shalt not, Evander, him descry Repulsed by shameful wounds : nor (father) sigh, Tho' safe thy son, dire funeral to espy. Ah me ! how great a guardian dost thou, Ausonia, ioso ! — how great, liilus, thou! When thus he wailed, he bids be borne away Lamented corse: and, chosen from whole array, A thousand men he sends to accompany Last pomp, and present with sire's tears to be — Small consolation of great gi'ief, but due To a miserable sire. Not slothful, too, Others a hurdle and lithe bier inweave With arbute branches and oak twigs — and grieve : ^NEID. B, XI. 11 f^ht now tliese ! siglj, ay eve -covering Couch reared they shade with leaves too- rare. Then high they place the youth on rustic layer- Like flower by hand plucked of some maiden fair^ Or drooping hyacinth or violet ; Its brightness nor its grace departed yet • Then, stiff with gold and gay with purple dyes, Two i-obes^neas brought; which erst, 'twas said, Herself Sidonian Dido him had made With her own hands, and of the labour glad And with fine gold the web distinguished hkd. With one of these he, mourning, does attire 1 he youth—last honour ; and, destined for fire Hair with the other-as with veil-bedigh t ' The prizes many of Laurentian fight He piles ; and spoil bids in long line be led • Horses he adds and arms foe-plundered. Behind backs, too, he hands nad boimd of those Whom victims he to Shades send did proposo-. 1 he flame about to sprinkle with blood shed Themselves the leaders, too, ho ordered 12 yENElD, 13. XI. Brunches to bear along of trees arrayed In the Ibeinen's arms, and the names disphiyod, Acoetes old is led the pomp to grace, Now marring breast with fists — with nails now face ; And, sinking, at full length on earth is strewed. Car, too, they lead with blood Kutulian dewed : Behind goes war horse iEthon, stript of gear, And, weeping, moistens face with many a tear. Others spear bear and helm : of all the rest Victorious Turnus had himself possessed. Sad phalanx, then, the Trojan chiefs ensue — Tyrrhenians — arms reversed. Arcadians too. When far whole line attendant had passed on, iEneas stood, and thus speaks with deep moan : — Same horrid fates of war hence us impel To other tears. For me a long farewell ! Forever, noble Pallas, fare-thee-well ! Nor having spoken more his steps he bent Towards high walls; and into camp he went. From Latin city now heralds proceeding Arrived ; with olive veiled, and favour pleading — That he the bodies, which lay scattered o'er 'A JENEnt, li. XI. 33 The plain.s by fight, would freely theni restore And suffer to an earthly tomb succeed (No contest with the vanquished from life freed)— Host, called once, and father-in-law would spare ; Vyhom, begging things never denied to prayer, Good ^Eneas hears, and with suit complied ; And gracious adds thus much in words beside :— What scurvy fortune, Latins, you decoyed To such a war, who us your friends avoid ! Peace for those in battle slain ask ye ? Indeed Even to the living wo would peace concede ; I^or come had I but that the Fates this place And seat assigned— I war not with this race : Your king our hospitable league did break And did to Turnus' arms himself betake. That Turnus to such deaths himself expose Had juster been. If war he did propose By force to end, if Trojans to expel— Me with these arms to have met became him well • Had lived-whom god or right hand live permitted. bo—to poor citizens be fires submitted, ^neas spoke : they silent were amazed if'ff^- I ! in ' III \ ^1 14 iENEII), B. X. And, faces turned, upon each other gazod. Then Drances — old, and 'gainst young Turnus aye Fierce with hate and blame — does answering say:— O Trojan, great by fame, more by deeds great, With what duo praises may I thee elate ? Thy justice, first, or warlike toils admire? Assuredly these words, at thy desire, Wo back to native city will convey: And, if fortune grant shall any way, Thee with the Latin king in league will bind : Lot Turnus for himself alliance find. Nay, fated walls to raise will give us joy To bear on shoulders stones for this your Troy. He spoke : assented all with one acclaim. For granted truce they then twice six days name : And, whilst it lasted, harmlessly through grove The Trojans, with the Latins mixed, did rove The ridges o'er. To axe sounds lofty ash ; Star-piorcing pines they overturn with crash ; Nor oak and cedar rank to split cease they, Nor in creakinir wnins wihl naV,na + oy Fame, the forerunner of a grief so great, -fllNEII), B. X. 15 That had to Latiiir. borne Pallas, hut late, Victorious, now, flying swift, possesses Evandcr— palace— city's wallod recesses. Arcadians rushed to gates, and, by wont, they Hurry funereal torches : shines the wjiy With long line of flame, and shows wide the lands. Crowd Trojan meeting joins the wailing bands; Whom when mothers saw, and near roofs they came. With clamours they the city sad inflame. But could not any violence restrain Evander : he the middle crowd did gain ; Himself on Pallas body forward flings, When stoj^ped the bier, and weeping, moaning clings; And scarce at length, through grief, voice found a way : Not, Pallas, this thy word, sire pledged sad day-— That in fell Mars thou cautiously wouldst trust. Well knew I in arms what new glory's lust, And praise, delicious in first fight, could do. Wretched first-fruits of youth ! Rudiments too ^f neighbouring war severe I And my prayers, vows, Heard by no God ! And thou, O sainted spouse, IC i ^t:xeid, b. XI. Blest in thy deatli, nor for lliis gviaC retained ( WJ.ilsi I have conquered FaleH by life, remained Parent— survivor! Me, who did j)nr.sue The allied arms of Trojans, with darts due kutulians should liavo wh(dmed ; myselt blood shed ; And this pomp me, not Pallas, home have led f Nor. Trojans, you I'll blame ; nor leagues ; and not Rigl.i iiau sin friendship joined: this was the lot Due to ouF old age. But, if son awaited LTntimely death, hajipy had he been fated, Having first thousands slain of Volscians bleeding, To fall when Trojans into Latium leading. Nor, Pallas, thee with other pomj) I'll gi-ace Than have iEneas and great Trojan race, Tyrrhenian leaders, and the army all. Thy trophies lo !— of slain right hand withal ! Turnus, thou, too, huge trunk in arms hadst stood— Equal his age— with strength as years endued. But wretched I !— from arms why Trojans stay ? Go— faithful make to king report, and say That I ondnrn lifn }iof«. _l^nli«r, ^i^-,.i The cause is thy right hr.t. \ ./h?^ii (merited) ^NEii), n. xr. 17 To son and .iro, thon .soost, docs Turnus owe : This sr>!o requital left thee to bestow— Life's joyg nor seek I, nor allowed, but Ibis- To bear to son in Shades' profound abyss. Aurora, meanwhile, shed on wretched men Bland light, and bids to toil and moil again, ^neas now and Tarchon on curved shore Reared funeral pyres. Hither they all bore The corses each of friends— as sires of yore • And when dark flame, subjected, had prevailed As with night's shades the sky with smoke is veiled Begirt with arms bright, round lit piles they thrice * On foot did course ; on horses compassed thrice l>eath's mournful fires, and wailinirs uttered • BotJ) ground and arms bedewed are with tears shed • To heaven their shouts with clang of trumpets go. .' hen others on the fires the spoils do throw >^hich had from Latins slain been snatched away- Helmets, and swords with decorations gay, Bridles, and glowing wheels : part-. ^Hfts well l.ti^,vn— The men's own shields, and darts not timely flown Around are sacrificed to Death much kine • 18 ^NEID, B. XL And, from all Selds swept, sheop and bristly swine They butcher for the flames : then o'er whole shore Their burning friends they view, and watch before IhG half-burnt pyres; nor severed are, till nio-l,t Inverted had the sky star-studded, bright. *" ^ No less, in part quite different of field, The wretched Latins numerous j^yres did build : And bodies of men many partly they To earth commit, partly bear away To neighbouring grounds, and back to city send • The rest-huge heap where slain promiscuous blend- ^umberod nor honoured burn. Then everywhere Wide fields with frequent fires contending glare Already now third day with dawning light From sky had swept the gelid shades of night- High piles of ashes and mixed bones they, grieving. Strpwed-o'er all a mound of earth tepid heaving. 'JNeath rich Latinus' city's roofs the chief Resonance was—part greatest far of grief Here mothers; and brides wretched; breasts that throbbed Of yearning sisters; boys of Others robbed— JEHIEID, B. XI. Diro war and Turnus' nuptials execrate : He alone, they urge, he should brave war's fate, Who sovereignty for self does arrogate. Fierce Dranc^s them abets, and word does plight That Turnus sole demanded is for fight. For Turnus, at the same time, is expressed Many a judgment in words various dressed : And him o'ershadows, too, the queen's great name ; Sustains the man (by trophies won) much fame. Whilst they in these dissensions are engaged, Even while the hottest of the tumult raged, Lo ! sad, from city of great Diomed,* The ambassadors responses bring, and said :— That nothing had their labours all availed, ^or gifts, nor gold, nor pr'ayers great prevailed ; That other aid the Latins must pursue, Or they the Trojan king for peace must sue. Swoons from great grief himself Latinus king; Tlie anger of the Gods admonishing V; "^■•- ^v^vHu tumua ueioro their eyes That comes ^neas doomed by Destinies. Therefore he gives command, great council calls. 19 M i! Il);jli 20 iENElD, B. XI. And his chief friends— to meet within high waifs. They did convene ; and by full ways they flow To royal dome. Clouded his front with woe, Latinus in the middle takes his seat. Him by age greatest, sceptre first, they greet. And to rejjort he bids the envoys remanded From ^tolian city * ; replies demanded In order all. Then, silence being made, 'Gins Venulus, * obedient, and thus said:— We Biomdd, O citizens, have seen And Argive camp : jneasuring space between, All haps we have surmounted, and the hand Have touched by which succumbed the Ilian land. City Argyripa * he, safe, had founded (Of country's name and fame the name compounded) In fields Tapygian of Garganus. Entered : and he to free speech did constrain us— Wo gifts present ; our name and country tell j Who did wage war; to Arpi what us impel. When heard, he thus with placid voice did say :— - O happv DOOplo. erst 'iiftnfli Snfnvti'q a^,rq,. Ancient Ausonians, what vexed fortune you, JEmiD, B. XI. 21 Peucoful, persuades unknown war to pursue ? We all, who Ilian fields with sword profaned (I waive what 'neath Troy's walls in fight obtained What men were borne by famed Simois' tide), Dread punishments have earned the world wide- Have tii-ough all penalties of guilt been led— Band even by Priam to be pitied : This Minerva's star * replete with woe ; Euboic rocks ; Caphareus * vengeful— know. To various shores we from that warfare driven •— Atrides (Menelaus) exile given Far as Proteus' columns ; Uiysses' sees (Such was his fate) the ^tnean Cyclopes. Shall I of Keoptolemus' realm tell ? Idomenous' subverted house as well ? Or Locrians on the Lybian shore that dwell ? Even he, the leader of great Argive host, Agamemnon, victor from Asian coast— ' Upon the very threshold of his house Palls by the right hand of adulterous spouse Goa. grudged that J, to native shore borne on, I loved wife see and pleasant Calydon. ' Sho 22 iENEID, B. XI. Now, too, portents of dreadful guise eftsue, And my lost friends the air with wings pursue ^ (Dire punishment), birds they frequent the streams, And make high cliffs resound with doleful screams. Such things to be expected were by me, Even from the time when (fool !) I impiously Against celestial forms with steel did bound, And the right hand of Venus stained with wound. Me do not—to such fights do not impel : No war for me with Trojans since Troy fell ! Nor the ancient ills joy I remembering. Gifts, which to me from native coast ye bring, Take back to ^neas. We once did stand 'Gainst his rough darts, engaged him hand to hand ; Me, having proved, believe how great on shield He rises, with what force his spear does wield. If the Idaean land two men beside Had such produced, this had been to betide,— Troy to Inachian * cities had been borne, And, fates reversed, Greeks had it been to mourn : Whato'or at walls of sturdy Troy the pause ; That victory of Greeks protracted was iENEII), B. XT. 23 me treams, creams. 7 oimd. y ' hand ; )ld d. urn : And contest to the tenth year was prolonged— To Hector and iEneas' hands belonged: Both for courage famed ; both for arms known well ; The latter did in piety excel. Let right hands join in league, compassed howe'er : With arms to encounter arms—Oh, beware ! Heard hast thou, best of kings, both the replies, And the opinion of the war likewise. No sooner this the envoy uttered than Through the Ausonians' quivering lips there ran A varied cadence : as when rocks delay Swift streams; rises a murmur froin the current's stay; And sound the neighbouring banks with the waves' noisy play. Their minds appeased and glib tongues quieted, From high throne the king Gods invoked ; and said -^ Before indeed, O Latins, I did mean To have consulted (better it had been) Touching our chief nmioorr • no" f- ^— ----- In council called when foes the walls beset. War, citizens, incongruous we are waging 24 iENEID, B. XT. With 2:)rogeiiy of gods: witli men engaging Invincible that are ; whom no fights restrain, Nor, conquered even, can they from arms abstain. If any trust in the allied arms ye placed Of the iEtolians, be it from mind effaced: Each his own trust is— but this you see how braced. Struck by what ruin all things else lie low— 'Pore eyes— 'mong hands— ye every thing avcII know. No blame !— what greatest valour could and ought Did ye— by our whole kingdom's strength \was fought. Now, therefore, whither thought perplexed does tend I will unfold and briefly tell— attend. A tract I have, which, Tiber near, expands Far to the west— past even Sicanian lands. The Aruncians and Rutulian^' sow and till The rugged hills, and graze parts rougher still. This region all and lofty ridge of pine To friendship yield of Trojans, and combine In league let us, on terms both just and right, And partners into kingdom them invite so abound If for this realm their love does ^NEIl), B. XI, 25 •stain. V braced. 3II know, ouglit h 'twas Iocs tend 11. There let thcin settle down, and city Ibund : But to seek other lands if they find heart— And other race— from our soil can depart— Let us ships build— Italian oak— a score ; Provided they can fill them, be it more ; Lies the material all close by the tide : IS'umber and size of keels let them decide, i^rass, hands, and naval implements us find. Besides, my words to bear, and league to bind, I would have orators a hundred go — Latins of first rank; and branches them also— Emblems of peace— in hand stretched forth to hold, Gifts bearing— ivory— talents too of gold : And the curulo chair— and the trabea— Of our sovereignty the insignia. Consult ye how things tottering to reclaim. Then the same spiteful Drances, whom the fame Of Turnus did with envy slant inflame. And goad with bitter stings— of riches full And in tongue surpassing ; but right hand cool In war; not an adviser mean esteemed In councils ; powerful in sedition deemed ; 26 iDNEID, B. XI. Tho mothor'H rank on him high birth bestowed, Descent uncertain by tho father flowed— Kises ho, and wi-ath with these hard words feeds:— Tho counsel not obscure, nor my voice needs, • Which tliou, good king, dost give : to all 'tis clear What people's fates intend ; but to speak they fear. Grant free speech let him, and his airs forbear. By whose unlucky auspice, ways unfair (Though arms and death be threatened speak I dare) Wo see so many stars of leaders fall, And wrapt the city in funereal pall : Whilst, to flight trusting, Trojan camp he tries And even the heavens with his arms defies. One gift to those which thou bidst to be sent, In number many, and for Trojans meant— Yet one more add, best of kings, nor let The violence of any thee beset— Daughter on noble son-in-law confer, Join thou in nuptials well becoming her. And with a lasting bond this peace unite. But, if jDossesses minds and breasts such fright. Let us himself beseech, himself implore '(id, 3eds: — .clear y fear. I dare) 38 ''J % iENElD, B. XI. Just right to king and country to restore : '^ Why to dangers thus sad citizens exj^ose, source and cause to Latium of these woes ? In war no safety : Turnus, we all ask peace— The sole inviolable pledge of peace. 1 first, whom thou to thee dost hostile feie-n— And quite content am I so to remain — Lo f I come suppliant : do — pity show To fellow citizens — thy wrath forego And overswayed desist; enough we have seen Of carnage ; wasted have enough fields green. Or if fame thee move ; and if in thy breast So great a force of energy does rest ; If so set thy heart on palace dowered, dare And 'gainst the adverse foe a bold front bear. Forsooth I that royal spouse to Turnus fall, Vile souls — unburied and unwept — we all Must strew the plains ! Even now (if as of old Thy sires, force thou and valour cans't unfold) Him face to face who rhnllAnrrna hnVioh? At these words Turnus' violence did flame ; He groans, from lowest breast this utterance came 27 T 1 1 { i i i ! I ! f 1 r 1 i J .. 1 ! ^ ; r i : ■ l ^ i i i . 28 -fENETD, B. Xr. Plenty of talk ^i.au, Drancds, Jiaat indeed-^ Abundant-whGn:of hands the war has need J^^irst thou when fathers called : but not to fill The hall with words required, which thou dost tril] Magniloquent, what time restrains the foe Wall's bulwarks, nor with blood the ditches flow Ihunder, as wont, with eloquence profuse And, Drancos, me of cowardice accuse ' Since heaps so many of the Trojans slain TJiy right hand has caused and wide the plain Has signalized with trophies. Now to try What sprightly valour can-given happily • Not distant far the foe is to be found On every side, the walls they do surround. Go wo^against? Why halt'st ? Shall thy Mars, say in glib tongue consist and swift feet alway ? Craven I !— O basest, who deservedly Will me accuse as craven, who will see Swollen Tiber with the Trojan blood increased • Evander's whole house with the stem surceased : And the Arparllqnc a,/^.,v, ^ 1 , „ -axi^ iiuin aiijia released? Me Bitias and huge Pandarus not so I -Such things, fool, proclaim io the Dardanian chief in thy own name Therefore all things to trouble; men to make cower (rreat fear withal cease not, and the power Of a twice conquered nation to bepraise. On the other hand Latinus' arms to abase Do chiefs of Myrmidons* Troy's arms now dread ? Achilles Larissaean * ? Diomed ? From Hadrian waves has Aufidus back fled ^— Even when base slanderer is fear displaying Of me, and by his fear more guilt ketrayin^! Never such sprite shalt lose by hand of mine • Fear not ; dwell may't-be in that breast of thine JNow, sire, to thee and counsels I apply. If thou no further dost on arms rely ; If we are so forsaken, and when line Is once reversed wo utterly decline, J^or hope allowed misfortune to amend— Pe.^.ce let us beg; right hands unarmed extend. ' 30 iENEID; B. XI. Yet O ! if auglit of wonted manhood Jioro, He before others would to nie ap])oar Both in his labours fortunate to be, And marked by soul's superiority, Who, that he might not such a thing behold, Would dying fall and instant bite the mould. But if means ours, and youth untouched as yet, Italian cities, peoples to abet; If glory with much blood to Trojans came— Their own deaths theirs, storm passed o'er all the same — Why faint unseemly on first threshold ? Why'' Tremour, before trump's blast, limbs occupy ? ' Time, and toils varied of life's changeful state Have served things many to ameliorate : Men many sportive fortune has disgraced, And visiting alternate has replaced. The iEtolians nor Arpi aid will be : But Mossapus will, and for augury Tolumnus famed, and leaders whom have sent Peoples so many • nor small complement Of glory will attend the chosen bands •^ ^NEII), B. XI. 31 3t, all tlio In Latium levied and Laurentian landw. There is of an illustrious race, beside, Volseian Camilla— -her country's pride- Leading a trooj) of horse (an army seeming) And foot battalions in brass armour gleaming. But if me sole Trojans for fight demand, And I so much the common good withstand, iS'ot so has conquest fled these hands that I Should for such object aught refuse to try— T shall against him go most willinglj^ ; Tho' lie the great Achilles represent, And in like armour Vulcan-made, be pent. In courage to no sire of second note, 1 Turnus do to you tins life devote And father-in-law Latinus. Me eh ! Mnoas calls : and lot him call I pray; ^ Nor— if such Gods' ire— death Drances rather share; Nor— if to be won renown— tho glory bear. Whilst they 'bout doubtful things strife thus wore proving, From camp JEne^ armed array was moving. With tumult great lo! news through palace thrills, ; i 1^ ! 32 iENEID, B. XI. And city with great consternation fills — That Trojan and Tyrrhenian forces bending From Tiber's stream were o'er whole plain descend- ing. Minds of the populace and breasts were straight Disturbed and shaken ; wrath fierce does them inflate : Arms they in haste demand ; the youth arms shout : The fathers loud lament and murmuring doubt. A clamour great on all sides here does spring And makes the air with discord various ring. As when by chance upon some forest high Alighted has of birds great company; Or, by Padusa's fishy stream, notes harsh Hoarse swand give forth across the babbling marsh. Yes ! — council call, O citizens, and praise Peace as ye sit ! — Turnus, time seizing, says — Armed 'gainst the state they rush ! Nor speaking more He from high dome his steps excited bore. Thou, Volusus, bid troops Volscian armed be, And load, he says, Eutulians : do yef, Messapus and (with brother) Coras, shed ^NEID, B. XI. 33 escend- inflate : shout: t. larsh. (taking O'er the wide plains the horsemen armed • Let part the gates secure-towers man-the rest With me bear arms, subject to my behest Forthwith from city all to walls 'tis pressed Latinus council and great projects quits, And by the sad emergence grieved— remits • Much, too, himself he blames for not complyinrr And .^neas son-in-law allying. ^ Others before gates trench ; or stones and stakes Supply; forth trump war's bloody signal breaks And hoarse: boys then and mothers in mixed bands The walls begirt-last labour all demands The queen, too, by large traiii of matrons tended lo Fallas fane and lofty towers way wended ' C.iits bearing; and companion nigh (the cause Of so great ill) the young Lavinia was— Her modest eyes upon the ground down cast. Ihe mothers follow and the temple vast With incense chafe ; and from high sill of door ihese words in mournful accents they outpour •' Irilonia,^ virgin, patroness of war, " Powerful in arms-with hand do thou darts mar lit. IM. ;i ■■" I! 34 iENEID, B. XI. Of Phrygian robber, and him prone lay low Upon the ground, and near high gates overthrow. Turnns keen raging girt him for the war ; And bristling was — already armed so far — With native corslet of brass scales composed ; And limbs he had in golden greaves enclosed ; Temples as yet were bare ; and to side His sword had girded on. Down he does glide From lofty citadel ; with gold does glow ; In mind exults ; anticipates the foe. So 'scapes from stall the horse when bursted chain ; Now free at length and gained the open plain, Or to the range and kindred herd it hies, Or to known stream where used to plunge it flies ; And head erected high, it glorying neighs ; The flowing mane o'er neck, o'er shoulders plays. Lo ! him to meet Camilla did incline, Attended by a troop fr(5m Yolscian line ; And at the very gate from horse the queen Leapt down ; which whole band having seen From horses dropped, She then him thus ad- dresses :-— iENEID, B. XL 35 Tamils, if Helf-trust the brave possesses, Dare I— to meet troops Trojan I propose And, alone, Tyrrhenian horse to oppose. Permit me try with hand war's first liazard— Stay thou with foot near walls and city guard Then Turnus, bending on dread maid his eyes -. Italy's pride, virgin, (what thanks devise Can I to speak—or pay) since thy mind rare AH things surmounts, with me now labour share As rumour and scouts faithful represent ^neas, shrewd, light horse before has sent To scou. the plain; himself through mountain-waste Comes to the city by the ridge in haste: War's frauds I'm planning in wood's hollow way At both vents of the gorge armed snares to lay Bo thou in fight oppose Tyrrhenian horse ; With thee Messapus brave and Latin force Will be, and bands Tiburtine; and the care Of general contemplate thou to bear. He said : for iicrht TVTocco^,,^ -.k--^ 1 — "£>'•' ■•'-^i^acijjLia cnuurH also pi^f'r.''"'''r'~?"^ «*"'•*« 'g^i-'st the foe. For fraud and war's devices fitted well 36 ^NEID, B. XI rtii ! ; There is, of crooked— winding form, a deil, Which a steep, dark with umbrage dense, confines On either part : whither small path inclines, And narrow straits and rough approaches bear. Over this, 'mid watchtowers high in air, Upon the mountain's topmost summit lies, Apliiin unknown, which ambush safe supplies Whether fi-om right and left you'd join in fights, Or vex, and down large stones roll' from the heights. Hither the youth, by well-known ways conveyed. Place seised ; and in the false wood lurking stayed. Muai'while Laionia, in the heavenly seats, One of he>- sacred band— swift Opis greets. And with a mournful voice these words entreats :— Camilla to the cruel war is going, O virgin, and in vain with our arms glowing. To me endeared she is above the rest ; Nor late this love came to Diana's breast, Or moved my mind with passing sentiment. When Metabus from old Privernum went From kin0"dom driven for hm^^ ar^A -^^^.^a ^ — j-^.i might— vENElD, R. XI. 37 confines 38, bear. lies ights, heigh tf!. iveved, : stayed. feats : — ?• IIo, fiom the middle fleeing of hot %hf, An infant bore away companion of his flight And it Camilla called, from mother's name- Casm.lla-changed in part but yet the same, i'orc him, in bosom bearing it, he made For ridges far of solitai-y shade. On all sides angry dnrts were him distressing And Volscian soldiers round diff'used were pressing- Lo .cross h,s flight the Amasenus roaming "' Swollen to the very brim of banks was foaming- .0 great a shower down from the clouds had played He,_when to swim preparing, is delayed ^ By love of child, and for dear burden fears Wh, e weighing all things in his mind, appears Suddenly at length this plan best to be la.;ge dart in sturdy hand by chance bm-e ho, bolid, of gnarled oak to fire exposed— To this, in bark and sylvan cork enclosed He daughter binds-fits to mid spear with care And m groat right hand poising speaks thus to '»=. -^ V .rg.n, Latonia, of woods bland guanlian thou "" ' To thee I (father) this as servant vow. „-} Hi 38 MNEID, B. Xr. She from the uricmy first flight is wiiigiiHr^ And to thy weapon suppliant is clinging ; Thee, goddess, I obtest— accept and seize Thy own — now trusted to the inconstant breeze. This having said, his arm he backward drew And the contorted javelin forth he threw. Sounded the waves. Over the swift stream sheer, Wretched Camilla flies with whizzing spear. But Metabus, while nearer now than ever Great band was urging, gives himself to river, And spear with virgin, gift to Trivia rare, Victorious from the grassy turf did tear. To roofs, to walls no city him admitted— Nor had he to their savage faith submitted—- On mountains lone a shepherd's life he passed. Daughter here in woods— wild beasts' coverts vast- He with brute milk (a mare from herd detaining) Nourished— the teats into lips tender straining. And when the child with first steps had impressed Footprints, her hand with javelin sharp be dressed. And SiKIIlS irom sman one s shoulder hung and bow For golden headgear, long pall's vesting show— •SNEID, B. XI, ;';i 39 O'ei- back from crown spoils of a tiger went Irom feeWo Land erelong childish darts she sent And with smooth thong round head slie wielded slin o-- Strymonmn crane or white swan down would bring Mothers throughout Tyrrhenian towns in vain ' Her many wished daughter-in-law to gain • Contented with Diana solo, chaste she Of darts love nursed aye and virginity I could have wished she had not thus been smit W,th such a war-Trojans to assail thought fit; Dear still and of my train she one mighrrest • But come, since she by cruel fates is pressed, Ghde, nymph, from heaven and visit Latin soil Where with ill omen they sad tights embroil. ' Ihese take : from quiver draw avenging arrow • Whoe er with wound shall sacred body harrowl irojan— Italian— with this equally Let him by blood atonement make to me Then I, in hollow cloud, corse mourned will bear And arms unspoiled to tomb-her country's care blie spoke ^ the nymph through air her mission mid ilr .1- 40 iri -^NEID, B. XI. Convoyed and by a dark storm-cloud surrounded. Meanwhile to walls approached the Trojan force, Etruscan chiefs, and army all of horse Formed into equal troops : o'er the whole plain Neighs prancing steed; and with the tightened rein Struggling, to this side and to that side veers ^ Then wide the steel-clad fields bristle with sp^.ars, And with high peering arms the plain gleams bright. Against on plain appear, too, opposite Messapus and the Latins hastening, And (with brother) Coras, and Camilla's wing; And right hands drawn back, their spears afar Are stretching forth and brandishing for war. Keen grows of men the approach, of horse the neigh. And now, within dart's throw advanced their way They both had halted : raising a loud cry Forth bur^ they— foaming steeds spur suddenly ; Darts, at same time, they pour from either side, ' Thick as snow-shower, and sky with umbrage hide. Straightway Tyrrhenus and Aconteus keen, With adverse lances strainino- ot^r^fl*^^^. The first encounter ruin with loud crash 1 TTg^m r\ iJiNElD, B. XI. And horses breast against breast shivering clash In fashion as by thunderbolt umhorsed Or by a weight fi-om warlike engine force,! Aconteus headlong falls afar, and there -His Jife disperses in surrounding air Forthwith the line is troubled-Latins veer Shields sling on backs, to walls their horses steer ■ Trojans pursue, the troops Asjlas leading Ah-eady to the gates they were succeeding And again Latins raise to heavens a shout And phant necks of horses turn about- Trojans, at full speed borne, retreating flee As when with changing tide the flowing sea Now to land hastes and casts o'er rocks its waves Foaming; sands farthest, too, in circuit laves • 2ZT ^ r^' ^^'"'^'"S «*<'"««' °n«« More Retreats and leaves with ebbing siirge the shore. Xwiee Tuscans did to walls Eutulians chase; tr^ce™'*^' *'''^ '•''^'^"'S '«'«1^« tJ>«ir course re- hen for third fight met, of each whole van he other mixed, and man selected man. 41 But i^^ I' IS hi w .■■* '^ 1* «.' ;i. A hi it 42 iENElD, IJ. XI. T en truly there were groanings of the .lyinr, ■ And ,a deep blood both arms and bodies lyin^: And m,ng,ed with the human carnage, stLr taint r ";:"'' ' ^r"*"'^* ••°"«^ — d«- Againht the horse of Eemulus spear cast Orsilochus, for he did pause aghast Himself to assail-and left behind the ear The .ron dart infixed : on high does rear. Ihe courser, raging furious from the blow And breast erect, limbs tosses to and fro ' Impatient of the wound; the man unsealed On ground is rolled. Catillus * then defeated Jolas : and great in mind, in form great And arms-Horminius ; in naked state O er head for helm whose yellow hair did flaunt; bo g,oat he is for darts a target given. dri'vL,''' "^" *'""^' ,^'^ ""'""^ «''°"'"<'™ And transpierced, the man with anguish doubles o'er wTr,. : ' ; '^^^^-^ ajipears black gore : With steel thoy funerals cause as they contend, ^NEID, B. xr. And seek by wounds an honournWo end Bow golden and J>iana-s weapons sound On shoulder ; and even, if by chance 'tis fo„„d That worsted she must .ack retreatin. J She wnged shafts directs, reversed he^^; Co,ce,„,,d h,,„,.„,„,^^ . If ,? t ™'°" """^'"^'' *«»' Tarpeia- Itamns, whom for pride Camilla chose Helpmates alike in war and blest repos^ tS slt^TlY^r".'*"''"" ^^'^^-'-''-^tream Or around h" T ' ''""'"'' ^™^ ''" »>""'« 8>-"'»- ur around Hippolytd, or from far When martial Penthesilea in car £irb4ds f;''""""^"'*'' ^-«*«t-, o'er fields " "I'f'"?'^'"'^ ^'■"" f-^lf-^oon shields. whom, 4:i I>08t smite ? what bod ruel virgin, last tlytius son Eumenius first-whose les on earth dying cast ? breast, II -fi 44 -^ENEID. B. XI. Exposed adverae, she pierced with long lance pressod : Blood vomiting he fallH; tliegorc-ntained ground Bitos ; and expiring turns him on his wound : Then Liris slays, and Pegasus likewise; The one when to collect the reins he trios — Rolled from gored horse he ; the other whilst he made To falling knight and stretched slow hand for aid— Headlong they and together sink. To these She adds Amastrus, styled Hippotados : And afar follows, with spear urging on, Tereus, Ilarpalycus, Demophoon And Chromis : and what darts from hand she sent— So many Phrygians fell. Ornitus went With untried arms, and on Apulian steed Was mounted: he famed hunter was, indeed, But warrior now, his shoulders broad invested In skin that from a bullock had been wrested ; Wolfs gaping mouth, and jaws with white teeth, head Dressed ; and spar— light rustic dart— hands armed : 'Mid the battalions bustles he in fight And by whole head surpasses them in height. Him intercepted (nor was this, 'tis true— iENEID, B. Xr. 45 The array disturbed-a thing so hard to do) Hie piorccd; and o'er Iiim speaks in hostile cue - Hunting, wild beasts in woods didst, Tuscan, seem ' Come Las the day that dissipates tliy dream lY w<- man's .teel : this, not light fame, convey lo fathers shades-Camilla thee did slay Straight she Orsilochus and Bates smites- Largest in person they of Trojan knights : Jiiit Elites opposite she pierced with spear wixt brigantine and helm, where bright appear rhe nms, and from left shoulder shiol*H "Rn««u,,r,> ,., i . ,' , tu K.IWUB ^av.v.xiao uurvea pipe does blow Hioh cates to expect and cups of copious board. ' ■1 his your taste is, this your pursuit adored : %'i 1.1 If, 48 ^/NETI), B. XI, Whilst augur bland proclaims the sacred rites, And to high grove the victim fat invites. Having said this— himself, too, 'bout to die- Spurring his horse he into midst does hie And Venulus confronts with threatening air ; And, from horse pulled with right, foe clasped does bear Before his breast, with great force roused, away. Eises to heaven a shout; and turned straightway Were eyes of Latins all. Flies o'er the plain, Arms and man bearing, Tarchon keen ; and then He from his own spear's point the steel does tear, And seeks for parts exposed, whither to bear Wound fatal : he right hand from throat off stays, Resisting much, and force with force delays As, when flying high brown eagle bears away Snatched snake— girt with claws— pierced with nails the prey : Wounded, its sinuous folds winds serpent oft, Bristles with rough scales, and, mouth reared aloft, Hisses ; not less does bird it struggling tear With hooked beak— with wings the while flaps air. ' No otherwise does Tarchon bear away, iilNEID, B. XI. 49 Exulting, from Tibnvtine troop his prey. Mjeonians,* the example and success Of leader having followed, onwards press. Then Aruns, due to fates— superior he By javelin and by great dexiority— Around dogs swift Camilla ; and keeps watch Wliat may the readie-^ ^ortune be to catch. Where'er the virgin iwrm sweeps mid the array He tends, and silent does her course survey. Where she victorious track from foe maintains, Thither by stealth he quickly turns tho reins. These sallies, and now these— whole warped career He wanders o'er and sly shakes trusty spear. Sacred to Cybele, once priest, afar In Phrygian arms shone Chloreus as bright star, By chance spurred foaming 'steed which veiled cos- tume — Skin with brass soale^., gold-mixed, in form of plume : Himself in foreign blue and purple glaring, Cortvnian r]or*ia r\P j -r^^t^^. i i -- Ly lilt,!. .,.,, ^,j ^^ jj^ ^^^j^ cuniei uearmg: Fi-om shoulder sounds bow golden; helm, too, of gold The prophet*s ; and In knot of yellow gold M 50 iENEID, B. XI. He gathered hud cloak's rustling linen plies • Needle-wrought his tunic and limbs' barbarous guise, itim the virgin singling out from fight Blindly pursued: whether 'twas that she might With Trojan arms the temples decked behold j Or, huntress, make display of captive gold : And incautious she through whole army went On prey and spoils with woman's ardour bent • When Aruns, chance given at length propitious. Spear from ambush throws; and first prays heaven thus : — Greatest of gods, Apollo, guardian thou Of sacred Mount Soracte,* to whom bow With reverence we the chief; for whom is fed In heap the pinet/ glow; and fearless, led % pitJty, we worshii^pers 'mid flame With feet press glowing embers in thy name- Grant, Father, from our arms this stain to efface. Omnipotent: not slough, or trophy's grace, Or spoils of virgin seek I conquering— Other deeds to me will glory bring Fall but this dire pest conquered by my blow, [- J ^NEID, B. XU 51 Fameless I pleased will to our city go. Heard Phoebus : and part granted in his mind ; Part of prayer dispersed in fleeting wind : ' That Camilla, by sudden death dismayed, He prostrate should was granted as he prayed ; Vhat country great should see him safe brought back Was granted not— words swept down stormy rack. As, then, the spear from hand sent through air sounded Thoughts the troops turned, Yolscians all confounded Eyes bent on the queen. She herself nou,^ht heeded— Nor air,norsound,nor spear through air that speeded— Till the dart borne on 'neath seared breast did sink, And, driven deep, her virgin blood did drink. Friends, hastening up, their mistress 'bout to fall Support. Flees Aruns, troubled more than all, In mingled joy and dread ; nor on spear to save Dares longer trust, nor virgin's darts to brave. Just as that wolf which herdsman or large steer ■-S.1-, .xuivvt, v/i ine Duiu uuuu conscious, m fear to high mountains devious withdrew, he avenging darts might it pursue ; Str ^■ i;^ ;.i .il'll r 52 ^NEID, B. XI. Ta>I controling, that with mucli fear did shako J!^eath bolly thrust it, and for woods did make ' Just so did Anins troubled slink from sight And mix in thick of arms-content with flight. She dying pulls with Jiand the dart-in vain Twixt bones of ribs the steel point does remain In the deep wound. From lost blood she does fail ; Jler eyes, too, in death languishing do fail Ihe colour, rosy once, forsook her cheeks. iixpirmg so to one of fi'iends she speaks (Acca, most faithful to Camilla aye ■ With whom she shared her cares), and this did say .- Thus far I, Acca, could ; now the fell wound I'reyails : with shade grow dark all things around Haste and to Turnus my last wish commend- 1 hat he to fight succeed ; city defend •Gamst Trojans : now farewell. With these words' sound She reins forsook, sliding 'gainst will to ground : llien, cold, by degrees she uncoiled body all • F.-ail neck and head, o'er which was cast death's pall Deposited— arms forever leaving; ' *NEID, B. XI. S3 And w,th s,gh to Shades flod spirit grieving Then a shout vast indeed strilces welkin bright Camilla prosu-ate fiercer grows th , fight ; -' i h,ck charge at onee whole force of Trojan Icing, T3^n-henian leaders, and the Evandrian win.r liut on a mountain's top orewhile sat high^ And fight watched, dauntless, Or;:s-Trivia's spy Camilla afar with death tried piteously ble ^ighed^and from breast's depths th'ese words set Too much alas ! virgin, too much hast paid Amending to war against the Trojans aid; -Nor to have served Diana in lone wood ^or quiver borne-has thee in vantage 'stood Howe er, thy queen will not abandon thee Unhonoured, now in death's extremity • Not mong the nations this death void of name Ivor unavenged shall be sent down to fame • VVhoe or thv bodv hna «..„fl,„„j ...-., , «i,„ii ^ ', "•' '" i"""*'"=>^ wii-" wound Shall suffer death deserved. There was huge mound Near mountain high, the tomb of ancient king- 64 -if +«v«., ^^ k« i i . * x- Q.!.. v.vxi,..- 10 n]gn heaven again Queen lost : the first Camilla's light wing flees; ^NEID, B. Xr. 56 Broken flee Rutulians ; brave Atinas flees. Both scattered leaders and bands desolate Seek safety— horses turned, to walls make straight; Nor keen, death-bearing Trojans to sustain With darts serves any—counter to remain : On shoulders tired they back bear bows unbent: And shook horse-hoofs plain arid as they went. To walls is rolled stirred dust in darkling cloud ; And, beating breasts, mothers from watchtowers loud -To stars of heaven a female clamour raise. Those, who their rapid course in first amaze For open ports had hurried with success, A hostile crowd with mingled ranks close press ; Nor even do they escape from wretched fate, But on the very threshold of the gate ; Inside paternal walls ; 'mid safe retire Of houses— they, transpierced, their lives expire. Part shut the gates ; nor ope for friends a way Dare, nor to walls receive them as they pray. Most wretched slano-hfAT» ar.«;T>r-« ^^^u-^. — -.i -i^ n 1. o--'^.x ^-p^iii^a \ji mvui vviLn arms I>efending access-rushing against arms. Of the excluded-part, by destruction pressed, 3 t.: 56 iENEID, B. XI. i U! Tore eyes of weeping parents and distressed Into deep fosse are rolled; part, with fury blind Butt^at^full speed 'gainst gates which strong 'bars With hand even mothers in the last contest (Thus love of country is made manifest), As they had seen Camilla, missiles throw ' Fi'om walls ; with hard oak imitate also With stakes and clubs fire-pointed-arm's of steel : ' And for their homes to die are first in zeal Turnus, meanwhile, in woods hears news most fell And Acca to the youth sad tale does tell • That Yolscian army had been routed quite • That fallen had Camilla ; that, filled with spite, 1 he foe, advancing with successful arms Had all things seized-fear city now alarms. He ragmg (so Jove's harsh decree requires) Quits leaguered hills and from rough grove retires. From sight scarce had he gone, and plain attained When father ^neas (the open forest gained) Had climbed the rid^e. and lfi«.mu fK^ .u^a' ^. , bo they to city both their way pursued ^NEID, B. XL At rapid rate, and with their forces all ; Nor many paces 'tvvixt of interval ; At once ^neas spied the plain afar Dust^smoking— saw Laurentian bands of war • And Turnus marked iEneas' fierce array- Heard the approach of men and horse's neigh Straight they had joined in fight and battle tried But rosy Phoebus in the Iberian tide ' Dips horses tired-to Night surrenders sky. Fore city they encamp and fortify. 67 f 'I END OP BOOK XI. Turn i r t a o ir CONTKNTS.-BooK XII. Turuus observing the Latins to be diseouraged by the .^1 "" previous da,, and to C Z^:,^:^ ZtT"' "''"'"" sists upon meeting ^Jaeaai,, si„..le 00!,^ p ." '"■""""-"■ '"" «ocordi„„y, and a 'eaguemostso.elttel rd''^ '""' "^ "'""" A'ncas and Latimis A t,.m„i. ,j ' "'-'"*™''> "i'' agreed to hy tur„a,thegoddess.:Leto;Tu;n ^rdZ "/""Vr^"'^'" "^ '' as while trying to allav it i, I^^a Tu ""^^ ToIumnus-.t;„6. During his absfnceTuf„„Ve„rf ^ " """' """^ f°^«1 "> ■■»«-•«. to encounter Turnus J,it„rn! 7 ,''''''"'' '^"K'^'lyseelts Metiseus from h eseat and „ ' '""""^ ""^' ""^""^ 'he charioteer steers the eharloof Turnus bv d"^'"* '' "'"" ""'' "PP-rance, encounter. ,Encas provoked af t"""' '""^^ «« «« to avoid an against the city ; when Turn„s hl^ /' '"'"'°"' '^""^ '"^ «'™y Plain, where he hkd been deSd by ^r " Z"""^ '"'^' "^ '"« the terms of the broken league Sn^'^' *°^ ^"''""'' '« f""" a fierce combat ensues. Turnus' fUls a la!!"^ '""-■'"'"ely cleared, of^ncas; submissively resi^^s r''.""^'' ''""'"'ed by the sj^ar merey of ti,e Wctor;whan1-" iatd b? 'b""" ""^'^ "'""'f "" '"» belt .nd ~;mi- -'■ i " ' :'"""ated by obs.;rvmir liim tn w„„- ,... eads-the'.Eneld."' '''"'"' ^-I""""" '»"' with his sword /a^d so (■■« VIRGIL'S ^ENEID, B. XII. 1 ' H •0- VYhon Turniis sooa that, by tho adverse fi/rht Depressed, the Latins him deserted quite • His word now claimed ; himself designed with eyes- Implacablo he fumes, and his spirits rise Such on the Panic fields some lion found Dashed by the huntsmen with severe breast-wound • Its powers at length it stirs, exults in pain, Shaking abroad on neck its shaggy mane • Breaks the fixed dart; and with mouth bloody roars .rurnus just so, once roused, his wrath outpours • And thus he king accosts, and fierce implores •-! in Turnus no delay: nought is there why The sluggish Trojans should their words belie Or what they covenanted should reclaim I contravene. Speed, sire, the rites ; 1 .ague frame. Either to Shades I'll send with this ri^ht hand ^0 ■': i 62. iENElD, B, XU. The Trojan fugitive from Asia's strand (Let Latins sit and look)-with sword refute Myself alone, cause common in dispute-^ Or his the vanquished and Lavinia bride. To him Latinus with calm breast replied — O youth of spirit rare, so much the more, As thou thyself with courage hot boil'st o'er It me becomes, consulting, heed to pay ' And, fearing, every hazard well to weigh Sire Baunus' realm and captured towns to thee Many belong : wealth and a soul to me Other maids unwed-uor mean race a bar-. In Latium and Laurentian fields there are Reserve aside, permit me to unfold These things by no means pleasant to be told • At same time in thy mind be they enrolled -J With none of the ancient chiefs was I allowed Daughter to ally ; so Gods and men avowed And sad wife's tears, I of all bonds light made: lier fx-om whom promised snatched ; arms imn^'ona pore. '^ ' ■«NEro, B. xit. 63 From that time what mishaps, nay, Turnus, more- What wars thou seost are prosecuting me • How great the labours thou bear'st specially Twee vanquished in great fight, to us 'tis hard in city even Italian hopes to guard As yet with our blood tepid made again Flows Tiber-s current, and the extended plain Is whuening with our bones (whither range So oft ! What folly does my object change !). WTurnus dead I them would allies make Why strife not rather whilst he lives forsake ? What would Kutulians, our kindred, say What Italy all, if I did thee betray ' To death (may the event refute my speaking) Wh. St daughter and alliance nuptial seeking ? War s fickle chances weigh ; old father pity Whom sad far parts Ai-dea, native city ^owise by words is Turnus' fury swayed ■ It flares the more, and worse by cure is made. When speak he could, persistive he did sav — vvLul care tor me thou (most kind) beare^t, pray For me discard : death let me gage for fame. ' I 64 -ENEID, B. Xli. Barts, sire, we too hurl-steel with right hand aim Not powerless-blood even follows from our wound. I^ar oft his goddess-mother will be found Who covers him when fleeing with soft cloud 1 hat he in empty shade himself may shroud But the queen v ept ; at war's new turn dismayed • And, bout to die, keen son-in-law delayed •— Thee, Turnus, by chese tears, by regard kind if any for Amata touch thy mind ' (Sole hope of old age thou ; thv> only tower Of refuge for me wretched ; in thy power Latinus' sway and glory rest supine ; On thee devolved our whole house does recline) I one thing beg : with Trojan match decline Whatever fates await thee in that fight, Turnus, me too await : this hated light I forthwith will abandon, left forsaken, Nor see ^neas son-in-law, captive taken Heard mother's words Lavinia ; whilst tears strayed Down burning cheeks; and blush profuse bewrayed 1 he inward fire, and o'er chafed face did fly : As when one ivory stains with scarlet dye,'^ ^NEID, B. XI. Or, mixed with roses, redden lilies white • f^uch tints on face the virgin gave to light. ir.m love disturbs, fixed on the maid his » ^NEln, B. XII. jBiittino-f, ^)7 ns U- 4 , ^''""'' ' •^"'* ^''<' «iii* with fo\uf< .,m.- I . Aueae meanwhile, rouses Mars no le,, W,th mothortannour fierce and oagorn t Tht S\7"-f '"'^ °" torn/pro^:;, g,a, 8 tcinng and firm message bids men boai To k.ng Latuu.s-terms of peace declare Sear. ^noxt dawn, rays to mountain tops .ere What time Sol's horses from deep sea emerging Breathe from elated nostrils fortl, daylight^ ^ ^ear great city's walls meted plain for fight And ,n centre hearths, and of 'grassy sods Altars for service of the common gods- Rutuhan men and Trojan were preparing. Others the water and the fire were bearfng • W,th hnen veiled, with leaves brows girtfbout Fromc"'"';f^"^°""*'^ '^^'°"' bands pour out - --nmg, ,n varied arms, whole force appears— r.-o.,an and Tyrrhenian-i„ steel arrayed f-! ^-t m 68 iENEID, B. XII. tfl As if Mar«' call to foil war they obeyed. Chiefs, too, themselves, whom gold and purple grace Mid the thousands flit : Mnesthous of the race Of Assaracus, and Asylas strong And JN'eptune's son Messapus them among : And when each to his place on signal goes, They fix in earth their spears, and shields'reposc. With eagerness poured out, the mothers then; And the unarmed crowd ; and infirm old men— On towers and house-tops perched a view command • And others take on lofty gates their stand. But Juno gazing from the high hill's brow. Distinguished by the name Albanus now (Mount nameless then, nor grace nor glory its), Was viewing j^lain and armies as she sits— Laurentians— Trojans— and Latinus' city. To Turnus' sister she straight speaks in pity- Goddess to goddess who by grace presides O'er waters still and rivers' sounding tides (On her this dignity had Jove bestowed For favour which to high heaven's King she showed)- N-yraph, rivers' glory, my mind's fondest care ^NEIP, B. xir. 69 r |on know'st that of all Latin danios whato'c- Whom mighty Jove did favour ^yith hi., ,,n,co I theo preforrod, and pleased in heaven gave place Jum-na (blame me not), thy son-ow heaf . ' \VhUst fortune it to suffer did appear And things to Latium Fates allowed to yield I Turnus and thy city's walls did shield • ' Unequal powers the youth I now see facinff- The Fates' own day and hostile force menacing • Nor fight nor league can I with eyes behold. ' * If for a brother any thing more bold Thou darest-onward ! thee it does behove- Haply the wretched.may things better prove Scarce said : when from Juturna's eyes tears pressed And thnce with hand^four times she beat fai^S Not time for tears ! Safurnian Juno says- Haste, brother snatch from death, if any wavs- Or war do thou excite ; burst league intended- I author of the daring. Having ended Her counsel so, she left her both perplexed And with the sad wound of her mind sore vexed Arrive, meanwhile, the kings. With great parade 10 ^NEII), B. xir. h\ foiii- liorso car Tvjitinus is convoyed Twelve golden niys, circling his shining head Of Ins gmndfuthor Sol a semblance shed. VV^ith two white horses Turnus comes cquipt Wielding in hand two spears, with broad steel tint Then sire ^Eneas, som-ce of Ro j.an line, Glistening with shield celestial— arms divine; And (nigh) Ascanius, great T?ome's second hope- From camp come forth: and priest in pure white cope Brings bristly porket and two-year unshorn ; And to lit altars moves the beasts forlorn. Toward the sun, now rising all aglow, Their faces turned, they salted flour bestow, Victims with it besprinkling on head ; Mark them (high (emples with sword cropt) devoted ; And from cups libations on the altars pour. ^neas, then, prays thus—sword drawn " efoi • — Be now, Sun, my witness ; and this land, For which such toils I power have harl to J;iud • And Almighty Father; and, Juno, thon — Blander I pray, Saturnian goddess, now ; 'A-fjiii ^NEID, B. Xir. All battles turnost, father, this or that way ^ Founts I attest and rivers ; and whate'er ' Oar roverenoo claims in region of high air- And what god. are oornlean deep below - If victory chance to Ansonian Turnus go Ihat, conquered, we to Evander's city n, Ike Agreed; lulus will the lands forsake " Nor any arms will Trojans ere bring back Eebelbous; nor with wars this kingdom rak- liut If grant victory the battle ours (As I rather tbi.V-rather hint High Powers) I w^l not bid the .alians subject bf ^ lo Trojans ; nor bo. I the sovereignty • Let them-unconr, uered ations both-combino Neath equal laws, in le.„ . a,lamantine "' I ntes and gods will give ; Latinus may The arms have, and father-in-law dread swav For me the Trojans will a city found • ^' Lavmia give to city name renowned ' So hr.t ^noas: then to heaven eyes bcndin,.- L...nus follows thus, right hand exifndiny "ll! "' 11 i| 1 E, i f f I 12 -«NEID, B. XII By these same things, ^noas, I do swear- - Earth, sea, and stars ; and by the effulgent pair— Latona's^ offspring ; Janus* with two faces ; Infernal gods ; dread Pluto's sacred places ; Hoar may the sire by whose bolts leagues are blessed ; Altars, mid fires I touch, and gods attest:— This peace or league Italians ne'er will break. What course soever the affair shall take ; Nov any power me willing shall pervert- Not though in waves it should the earth insert, Or the heavens 'neath Tartarus subvert. As this sceptre (he by cliauco sceptre bore) Will leafy twigs and shade afford no more, Since, cut in woods from parent trunk away. Foliage and boughs to axe it down did lay. Tree once ; with brass craftsman did it adorn. And now by Latin fathers it is borne. The mutual league with such words 'stablish they In presence of the chiefs : then duly slay The victims consecrated to the fire ; And the inwards forth extract as they expire ; And the altars load with platters of good cheer. • JESEID, B. XII. 73 ^ But to Rutulinns 'gan that fight to appear Erowhile ill-matched, and bosoms 'gan to heave With varied impulse ; more when they perceive Them nearer of unequal powers to be/ This Turnus aids advancing silently— At altars worshipping with downcast eyes ; Sunk cheeks; and paleness in young form likewise: Which when Juturna sees by speech to spread And the crowd's wavering minds disquieted, Into mid ranks, feigning Camertus' grace— To whom belonged from ancestors great race, And father's name for bravery renowned • Himself, too, was in arms most valiant found— Into mid ranks she goes, not unconscious, Sows various rumours ; and discourses thus :— Is it not, Kutulians, shame to expose One life to hazard in room of all those ? In number are we not or strength a match ? Behold here present is the entire batch— To Turnus hostile-from the Etrurian land. If every other man we were to o^o u ^NEID, B. XII, To conflict, scarcely each would find a foe. He to what gods devoted shall ascend By fame-through earth be borne time without end • m, country lost, proud masters to obey Bo forced ; who now on fields thus listless stay. The minds of youth by these words more and more Were fired : a murmur creeps from corps to corps • Laurentians even— Latins, too, were changed ; And those whose hopes on peace and quiet ranged JNow war desire, wish for the league ill flite. And Turnus' unjust lot commiserate. Thing greater still Saturnia does impose. And in high heaven a jDrodigy she shows, ' Than which more apt not any filled with dread The Italian mind and by portent misled. For, flying in red air, dusk fowl of Jove Was chasing of the birds on shore that rove— A noisy crowd of the wing-bearing host- When to waves swooping suddenly off^ coast, In crooked claws away it roothless snatched A goodly swan. Italians roused and watched : And the whole flock with screams re verse their flight, ^NEID, B. XII. 75 Darken with wings the heavens (a wondrous sii^ht) And, a cloud formed, tlieir foe througli air pursue : 111] vanquished by the pressing retinue, And by the very weight, the bird gave way ; Forth to the stream from talons cast the prey A:hI thoroughly into tho clouds did flee. With shouts Kutulians hail the augury ; Bands form ; and speaks augur Tolumnus fast :- I his was, lie says, what I with vows oft asked ; Accept I and gods recognise in these. I leader, I !— your arms quickly seize, Rutulians; whom like feeble birds does scare With war a cruel stranger, nor does spare Your devastated coasts : he'll take to flight And far on deep display his canvas* bright : Your ranks do ye condense with one accord And fight to have your wrested king restored. He said : and, running forward, javelin darts 'Mid foe : sounds creaking cornel, and the air parts j^iit^vi. . .u v/Rwu LKirs , tit unce Clamour dire; Bands troubled all ; by tumult minds on fire. As fronting chanced nine brothers to be placed— 16 ^NEiD, B. xrr. Ai cadian GyIipp„s_so many given— VVheie by the friction worn stitched girdle slide. And clasp with bite knits joinings o/its sM si ' But he brothars-a bold and grief-stirred band- hand '' part draw, part snatch with eager Their missile arms, and r.ish they know not where • Gainst whom the troops LaurenUan forward bar Then stream again (he Trojans in dense swarms Tuscans Arcadians, too, with painted arms- ' One great desire of fight all so possesses. Down they altars p„ll ; through the whole air pre..cs A tempest wild of darts ; and to lower ' With sudden gloom is seen an iron shower. Cups, hearths they bear. Himself Latinus fled Back bearing baffled gods-leag„e unfinished. Others chariots rein; or their bodies re- On steeds by leap, and with drawn swords arc here ^NEID, B. XII. 77 Mcssapus, keenly bent league to confound, With horse opposed Aiilestc^s scares from PToiiird-- lyiThenian king; crest bearing, too, of kin- He miserable falls when thus retiring, ''* And on the altar that withheld in rear Is head and shoulders rolled : but up with spear Hastes keen Messapus, and with beam-like reed From above thrusts him as he much does plead ~ Wound grievous high from horse dealt ; and tluis vaunted : — . He has't—to Gods this better victim granted I Italians haste, spoils from warm mem bers tear inn. ^rom altar Chorina)us plucks brand flaring And meets Ebusus, who against him came ' Wound bringing, and his face o'ervvhelms with flamo • Advanced, he hair of foe while troublM With left hand seizes, and, with pressed knee, low brings him to earth with th* ijlu«trious cloed has not been granl*xJ, Nor of #.ne»H' wound ha« any va«nted. ^NEID, B. Xir. 79 [: When Turnus sees JEneas from field going, And leaders troubled, he fires with fresh hoj^e glow- mg. Horses at once he j^roud and arms demands ; Moiih 3 chariot with a leap ; grasps reins with hands. Many brave men to death ho flying sends ; Many he overwhelms half-dead ; or rends The ranks as chariot he amongst them steers ; Or hurls against them fleeing grappled spears. As when bloody Mars, by cold Hebrus' stream, Excited rattles shield ; and his furious team Provoking, drives to battle with free rein : Fleeter than winds they scour o'er level plain, Remotest Thrace with beat of feet does sound ; And shapes of gloomy Fear are hovering round, And Wraths, and Snares— the fell god's retinue. So amid fights does Turnus fierce pursue And foaming horses urges o'er the plain, Insulting miserably o'er foes slain : Tlie rapid hoofs abroad dews bloody shed, And gore is trodden with sand miT^g-j^d. Now Sthenelus and Thamj ;:b he slew, 80 ^NEIB, B. Xn. Th«^^\°'? ■■ "f ' «"<=°™te"ng the last two • The first afar ; the Imbrasides afar- Caucus and Lades-whom Imbrasus for war In Lyoa reared, and did alike equip tZ ^f "' ^'""^ ^"'^ '>°''-'« to outstrip Th! ancTen": S?'"'^ *° "''* '^^"''^ ^^ bent' Ihe ancient Colon's 8on*_for war eminent- He.;.p,was,:S:el^-l^^^^^^^ Pehdes chariot ask for prize to bear; H.m Diom&l awards another prize, Nor for Achilles' horses more he s ghs) 1?™ r.f :'^ ''"; ^P"'" °''"- p'-> we-Klin,- He stoTh s^f' *^'°"«'- «'« 'ong -oi" first sending- HU iio J^?i 7' *'""' *"' l'"""^ forsakes ' To Mm half T ' T^ ' ""'^ straightway makes -Lo iiim half-deaa and fallen • nnri v.- ^ x On neck, the sword doe from S'"?^* T'^' 1.0 1 .nou the fields art measuring prostx:ate, meek- iENElD, B. XII. 81 ITesporia, Trojan, which with war did'st seek : Such rewards bear they who with arms to bound 'Crainst me have dared— so they do cities found. Comrades to him, he does with sjDear dismiss Butes first, and Chloreus, and Sybaris, And Dares, and Thersilochus— and, cast O'er neck of stumbh-ng horse, Thymoetes last. And as when Thracian Boreas' temiDests roar Upon the deep JEgssau, and to shore Pursue the waves— whither the winds their force Direct, clouds take in flight through heavens their course : So way whate'er he steers, to Turnus yield The bands, and, line reversed, rush o'er the field : Him chariot bears with speed rapid pressed, And the breeze meeting shakes his flying crest. Phegeus his urgent fury could not stand : Chariot he confronts ; and with right hand The excited horses seized as swift they glide And turned with reins their foaming mouths aside. As he was dragged and from the yoke depended The long lance reaches him while undefended; 82 MtiEin, IS, xri. Infixed, the double brigantinc run., th..on,.h • And taps with wound the body's surfnoo t'oo' cr% ""''''"'' "^°"' ^'■'*-"' for help was When with' excited axle thundering near The wheel him headlong forced in swift career Aiid strewed upon the ground. Turnus ensuin. The opening 'twixt helm's lowest borders viewing And corslet's upper rim, him then bereft \n"fX'^ '"""f ' *''" ^'""^ "" «''»''« he left. Whilst Turnus thus victorious o'er the plain To death consigning was these bodies slain Mnestheus, meanwhile,-with him Achates true And, companion close, Ascanius too— Replaced in camp ^neas, blood displaying And with long spear his steps alternate stayinn. He frets ; and, broken reed, strives barb to elici't • And, promptest means of aid, does them .solicit ' Wound with sword to cut, and retreat open quite _- — !.. , „,,,., waoiv nuiisuii iserid to the fi^rht But now, to Phoobus more than others dear, iENEID, B. XII. 83 lapis, styled TasickVs, was here : . To whom, when ernt with great atiection «iuit, Himself Apollo, cheerful, did submit Choice of his own arts— each his special gift— Augury, and lyre, and use of arrow swift. He, that he r>.ight a parent's fates delay. Who bedrl .jd sick, and despaired-of lay, The powers of herbs, practice of cures to know Preferred— mute arts to ply, and fame forego. iEneas, fuming, on huge spear supported Stood ; by crowd of youths thither that resorted, And by lulus grieving, and the tears — Immovable. He— the sage grave with years, (xlrded about with garment twisted back In Ptoonian fashion, exerts each knack, Much bustling with hand medical in vain And with the potent herbs of Phoebus : vain To start the barb he it with right hand teases And the iron with tenacious forceps seizes : Not any fortune good the way guides ; nought Avails him all Apollo (master) taught. And more and more inci-eases on tfie plain 84 MNtlD, B. XII. The horrour wiU-tlu evil nearer : then And „ nud camp descending are dense fligl.tt ' Of dar 8 ; to heaven a clamour goes appalling tZ vr'^'t""' ""' '"^-^^ «ter„'Marf fallin. rhon yenusvvuh son's grievous sorrow struck "' On Cretan Ida dittany did pluck- ' &tom with leaves full-grown and with M^^ Ilano-in.^- nAf +„ ., ,= " "'^^ ^^"B bloom superb iian ing. not to w,ld goats unknown that herb When arrow swift has in their hide s<„,k fast U,s Venus (with dark cloud her for,, a a 'Ist) Brought; this she, unseen doctoH.g, ,,00 st -1 Ju ce oni .' '''•"' '"^"^^ ^"P'^ "'^ ^-"tain- Juice of the ambrosia salubrious Sprinkles— i^anacea odoriferous With that lymph old lapis cherished The vvound, unconscious : straight from body fled ' 1 hf"; '". °?°'" °^ "'^ ^^"^""'l did stand Without force used, itself did extricate • And renewed, his powers returne. 113.2 ii. 2.2 It i^ III 2^ '.25 mil 1.4 1.8 1.6 150mm V 6> /, *> O c'^ m. % > '^'4' n / 0/1 /. /APPLIED -= _| IIVMGE , Inc ^s 1653 East Main Street =-5 Roctiester, NY 14609 USA ^S Phone: 716/482-0300 = Fax: 716/288-5989 © 1993, Applied Image, Inc., All Rights Reserved |\ i\ « ^"^ ^ ^ \^ %^ o^ -^u ^ ■o v. s, Willi ^ivMf sioiic— liiig(. frn^iiioiiiofa rock, Muri-anus atrikos— like thunderbolt the shock— Headlong from car ; and pours out on the ground ; A.s he old names of ancestors did sound And of whole race from Latin kings descended : Him the wheels rolled—'neath reins and yoke ex- tended ; Hoofs of keen horses, too, with frequent tread- Regardless of their lord— him tramj^led. That Hyllus meets, rushing and wild in heart Raging; and to his golden temples hurls a dart: In brain through helm fixed the spear did stand. Nor, of Greeks bravest, Creteus, thee right hand Did from Turnus guard ; nor his own Gods save Cupentus as ^neas came — he gave, Hapless, his breast to the advancing sw^ord ; Nor any aid did brazen shield afford, ^olus, too, thee Latium's plains saw die And on earth prostrate with broad back to lie : Thou fall'st whom not ranks Argive could lay low — Achilles, Troy's destroyer, not o'erthrow : Here thy death's goal ; 'neath Ida house did stand ; iir-.^'i| 92 iENEID, B. Xir, irousc at Lyrnessiis ; tomb on Latiufi ntiand. Whole amnios now commingled ; Latinn all ; All the Dardanidae ; Mnestheus withal And keen Serestus ; and Mossapus too- Well skilled the knight wild horseb to subdue— And brave Asylas ; and the Tuscan force ; And the Arcadian Evander's horse. The men, for self each, strive with utmost might ; ]\''or Btop, nor rest; contend they in vast fight. Then sent Eneas' mother, " the most fair," The thought that he should to the walls repair- Turn to the city quickly his array And Latins with unlooked-for sack dismay. As ho through divers ranks for Turnus pries- Hither his gaze, now thither turns— ho spies Free from war the city in untroubled rest ; Straight image of fight greater him possessed. He Mnestheus and Sergestus calls, and keen Serestus : and rise mounts, whither convene The rest of the Trojan legion ; nor aside Their shields or spears they lay, but dense abide. In midst, onjiigh mound standing, he does say:— ^NEIP, B. XII. To my commands let there he no delay (To this move Jupiter does firm incline) Nor any fal ter— sudden tho' my design. The city— cause of war— I will this day— Latinus' very kingdom jiroHtrate lay And level smoking roofs with earth's extent, Unless they, conquered, yoke to bear consent. I,. forsooth ! may wait till it Turnus please To abide our arms, and he fitting sees (Worsted) to have to single fight recourse ! This, O citizens, the head— this the first source Of the impious war: quickly bear ye in hand Torches, and with flames terms of league demand. Vicing in zeal each other to surpass. They wedge form and to walls rush in dense mass: Ladders, all of a sudden, and fire a^^pear. Some to the gates in haste their steps do steer. And massacre the first they encounter there ; Others darts hurl— with missiles cloud the air. Foremost, himself JEneaa waves right hand To walls; and does Latinus reprimand, And Gods attest that forced again he goes 03 94 yENlOII), 15. XII. To l.;i.(ll((; K.'ili.'Mis twice have [»i'«»vovn..rt --rh ^ compliment could be paid to bow or quiver than to call it Amazonian. Hippolyt6 and Penthesilea were two of their queens. The latter was killed in the Trojan war by Achilk^s. Strabo, the celebrated geo- grapher, denies that any such community ever existed. NOTES. 117 Page. 49 50 65 72 80 Mieonians—The inhabitants of Ei^uria, besides being called Etrurians, Etruscans, Tuscans, or Tyrrhenians— were also entitled Lydians or Masonians— being descendants of a colony from Lydia in Asia Minor, part of which was named Maeonia. Soract^—A mountain of Etruria sacred to Apollo (the Sun), who had a grove and temple there. A few families called Hirpia?, living in the neighbourhood and devoted worshippers of the god, used (accordin^r to Pliny) to walk uninjured over burning embers on the occasion of the annual sacrifice. Aruns, it would appear, was one of these. Orithi/ia— An Athenian princess, who was carried away to Thrace by Boreas (the North Wind) King of that country. He himself had a celebrated breed of horses, and the country generally was famed for horses— which accounts in some respect for the gift. P^7wm«?^'!— ancestor of Turnus, was of divine origin, and was wor- shipped as a god at Rome. Turnus' horses must have been descend- ants of those presented to him by Orithyia. Latona's offspring— A]iQ\\o and Diana— the Sun and Moon. Janus— "ThQ most ancient Italian King. After death he was worshipped as a god. His temple at Rome was always open in time of war. He was generally represented with two faces- why does not clearly appear. Dolon's Son— l>o\Qn, when going by night to the ships of the Greeks as a spy, was intercepted by Ulysses and Diomed, proceeding upon a similar errand to the Trojan lines ; and after having, upon the assur- ance of life, given them all the information they required— amongst the rest that Hector had promised him the chariot and horses of Achilles, in reward of his services, was faithlessly put to death by 118 Page. NOTES. Diom^d, und stripped of his arms, as described in the 10th book of the Iliad. 8G Jih^teian mro-Maeaa : so called from Rhoeteum, a promontory near 103 Umbrian liold-The district of Umbria in Italy produced (it appears) a breed of dogP, which, like other great dogs, « had their day"-but whose bite failed sometimes. 107 Saturn^ s otherehild-Ju^ieT and Juno were the only children of Saturn. 300k of ry near >pears) "—but 5aturn.