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Circumstances having made it incumbent on the offi- cers of the Halifax Temperance Society, to appeal to their fellow citizens and fellow countrymen, generally, concerning objects in which all are deeply interested, — they deem it wise to lay a brief re bjrt of their proceed- ings and an exposition of their projects, before the public. Those who speak by means of this address, happen to be placed prominently in the work which they advocate- but the cause is that of every man, woman, and child, in the country ;— the Officers and Committee are the agents of the public, and on the sympathies and assistance of that public they have the strongest claims, if they can show that their conduct has been faithful, and that their project is not only praiseworthy, but that its furtherance is essential for the general prosperity. The influences which are opposed, in these efforts, are those of Intemperance and Ignorance ;— it might be con- sidered superfluous, in any age of the world, to advance reasons for attacks on these barriers against man's efficien- cy and prosperity,— it would seem particularly so in the present day, when moral questions are so generally and justly appreciated. But although all may admit that Tem- perance and Education are great beneficial objects, much lamentable apathy, as regards active co-operation, may exist;— cold assent is not enough ; living, eneigetic con- viction, urging to the fruits of hearty sympathy, is requisite, f ^i^ .%>' - fflhi 1 ' '"•j- ^' A. I ^ Commencement of Migslm. and with Ihis, vast and niost delightful results miVfat be anticipated. o "«* Notwithstanding the extensive local sphere which the Society had around thera, the great importance of a Mis- sion to the country parts of the Province, was pressed on their attention, about three years ago, and they undertook the enterprise. They heard of the cause languishing, of Societies declining, of intemperance renewing or extend- mg Its hold; and they believed that the visit of a faithful messenger would do much good, in reviving, reorganiz- ing, forming new Societies, and generally extendiifg the pfluence of a principle of the utmost consequence to pub- lic and private prosperity. The enterprise was attended with pecuniary risk, and some might think it hazardous as regarded sucb responsibility ; but the evil which might re- suit from neglecr, and tne good which might be expected Irom exertion, seemed too great to adroit of hesitation, when any opportunity for action appeared. The Com- mittee to whom was entrusted the subject resolved on the r ?£i' n^ U'"^ *^' ^''* ^'' Knowlan, west, and Rev. f^*T J^ .r^b^'if ^^^.' ^""^ save sanction and hearty thanks to Judge Marshall m his gratuitous services, and the result h? 3 triumphanlly proved the wisdom of daring to do good under difficulties. Inestimable benefits have followed the endeavour; the pecuniary debt which remains can easily L^e discharged by a httie public exertion ; and the whole expense should not be put in comparison with a very small part of the good achieved. The Mission has open- ed up new paths ot .efulness, and has reacted on the Home Society ; ,ts principle was, to improve opportuni- ^ifh^H'T' k'^-'PP'"''"^' '"^^^^^ of resting^atisfied with attacking barriers near at hand, which were stubborn in resistance, and might be best impressed bv the gene- ra! progress. This is the spirit of Missions in eVery cLse ; and the generous feeling which impels them is never with- out due reward coming back to the bosom where it ori- bin n k.-^-'^ home-field should be carefully cultivated; .pL, /^l^'°^!^'''5^' ,^^^^siona"y> may plant valuable germs in the wild and solitary place, which may bear fruit abundantly, and thus ^dd to the general riche/ Temperance and Education. Success. d The recent Mission of Rev. G. J. McDonald to the Eastern Shores, seems to demand particular attention at the present time; it therefoie forms the chief feature of . °^ "" parents, or rearing children =! i *""?'«''. home of their selves, who look o°n Z Z^t ^"""',!=>'» 'hem- -in antiquity and testra "fe i'^^^ ^^^ ^^f-'y of these sell ements ami tho !, i u? ^~^'"* seclus on "f the people, cau"e've"v frtk.n? l'^"'" '"'''"' "^ ">"»/ an 4l^::op!^ffir- -,''/^P«'^ i|^bo„r h,,, ,,^,^ a"sst ".'urtret,; ot troT-r "'^'-^^^^^^^^^^ «vas requisite i„ coiseq„e„ce o? h^ '■'"'""'"- P"°''P'« people, and the varied situa.^nn,Lf,t "'V'""^^'"'^^ "f 'he Harbour had nei her s2o'^no°si'h''fr'"'''''8'- ''°P«'« to Sheet Harbour was simd 'if ^ '''■^'°"'^^- '^''^"'^e Sheet Harbour to wSlZfi ,d^^!'""e;-but from teachers have been ntmdnrpH ' f'r'?""'-" and good moral From the Bay ofXds o'-^"^'^' :'"''.- >ears. seven leagues, occupied by sevf raf^ ' 5 'L'"'"" "'' never had the benefit of a re^uL. s ^ f'"! P'°P'^' Mary's, by Indian, Pisheri^an W. H ^° ; ^'°"' St- to Country Harbour aTln Holland's Harbours, JOOO soull iherets bu^ne SeLl tV'"^'"''-^^ ^"""^ the head of Country Hari.m.r ^j *"' '^ ^'"""ed at with good land, a\"ernav;rabl'''r''f3=°"'P°^i'ion, abundance offish. If educatbn w' J" '""«" .''''P''' ""d other advanta.es q s!^" 7 ".'^^'^®. "> accordance with place. M te harbouT't wo 'f 'h„''. r"''"'' "' 'w' course of erection,-and ». w ^^i^^'-houses were in Jand had been pur"hased for ^u" ^"\'"" '"^ acres of was proiected in „ •' the use of a School which Prom''Niw'l;b"o„7\-''-;i'h a place of w'o7shS Dover, to Canso, a distance Jft^„f5' ^^l"'? Head and ' "'^'^"oe 01 ten leagites, neither Schools • Canso. Cape Breton. « nor School-houses were found,— and out of a population of 500, about 50 only had enjoyed the advantages of the rudiments of education. Canso is situated at the Eeastern exlrcnity of Nova Scona,on the sideof Chedebucto Bay, in the neighbourhood of a great Tishing station, and about four leagues from Arichat in Cape Breton. It cor • tains nearly 500 inhabitants, but the place might accom- modate, under good arrangements, ten times that number. Much desire was manifested at Canso, respecting Edu- cation, and a few persons guaranteed the sum of £50 for the services of a competent teacher. This and neigh- bouring places, are greatly indebted to the zeal of a few persons, who have laboured, successfully, for the general improvement,— proving that persevering, individual effort may accomplish much, if well directed, and sustained by a sense of duty and a principle of exalted charity. Qne benevolent person erected a place of Worship between Canso and Tittle, and occasionally officiates himself, while his daughter has been the main support of a valua- ble Sunday School : " Their reward is sure".— Generally, along the Eastern Shores, public Worship is coniucted by laymen.— Fishing is the cliief employment in this di- rection,— the fishing materials used around Ghedabucto, are estimated at £20 000 ; and these require renewal about every fifth year. While the men are engaged at the fishery, the women attend to the households and fieia crops, cheerfully and efficiently. ^ About 20 miles from Cape Canso is the Strait of Canso, which divides Nova Scotia proper from tne Island of Cape Breton. The breadth of the Strait averages from U to above 2 miles, it is 25 miles m length, and the passage through is made interesting by beautiful anr' impressive scenery.— Cape Breton has many historic re- collections, it abounds in valuable minerals, its scenery is majestic, and its population industrious and prosperous. —The Missionary commenced his exertions, on the Island, at Ship Harbour, proceeded to Plaister Cove, Arichat, River Inhabitants, Port Hood, and other places,— naeet- ing, in each, with individuals who were perseveringly labouring for the general prosperity, and whose exertions I Trading Vessels. were of great value to the circles of their inllueiicc. Contributions were made during his visit, for which ho has accounted with tlie treasurer ; and in many places the great cause which he represented had taken deep root, and exhibited abundant promise of future good. — Amid wild glens of Wycocomagh, he witnessed a Sacramental season which was replete with scenic intereatj v/ith earnest attention of the communicants, and with similarity to other highland congregatings, in tlie native land of the Settlers. Some C. Breton farms and schools, which would serve as excellent models, might be particularised in terms of warm eulogy ; — much land has been brought Into culti- vation recently, the population has advanced, rapidly, ia numbers and in comfort; and where the traveller, ten years ago, saw wilderness tracts, occupied by the wild denizens of the forest only, — he now may exult in land- scapes varied with pasture and meadow and corn ueld, and marked by the " heaven pointing spire" rising above the pleasant cottages of the hamlets. The visits of trading vessels, are mentioned by the Missionary, relative to the effect which they have had on the morals of the population of the Shores. Unfortunate- ly, the practice was to carry Rum as one of the articles of traffic,— this not only introduced and supplied a cause of vice and misery, but prepared the way for foolish pur- chases of other articles, which resulted in difficulty and poverty. The comforts of life might be considered be- yond reach, by some of the poor people, who were thus acted on and tempted ; and yet means would be squander- ed on the "liquid fire," on tobacco, and articles of frip- pery, which would nut be thought of under better influ- ences. This evil is cause of much regret, and a most happy change would be, for traders to carry on business in useful merchandize, without the introduction of an article, the purchase or gift of which, may be worse in its results, than the loss of money or produce without any return. — At a certain Harbour, one of these dispensers of Rum, was encountered by the Missionary ; — the place, former- ly, took the article in considerable quantities, and expe- rienced corresponding penalties ;— the travelling-dealer Educational DeatHution. • opposed the progress of Temperance as a foe Jo the worst part of his traffic ;-but the people, true to them- selves, stated their determination, free y, particularly he female portion, and the temptation laded. Connectecl with this part of his subject, the Missionary declarer tne good tidings, that there was not, at the time of his visit, ? gallon of the liquor d^ank, where forme ly a puncheon was consumed,-and that progress id reform was everywhere evinced. «• j«j lu^t In some places lamentable evidence was aForaed. that the vicious habit of tippling had sorely afllicted the popula- tion ; in others, several causes ca ohined to retard improve- ment. Painful instances need n . e dwelt on turther han public good requires.-^At one ...ce a few leagues from Halifax: settled above 40 years, and which ^^d a popula- tion of about 400 persons, a rn^zr Common School had never been possessed,-andcnlj one fourth ofthepopu- htion could read prayer-book or bible. At another place of similar population, but one family had any acquaintance with the first rudiments of Education.- n many plates much destitution prevailed, respecting secular and religious teaching, and access to books of any description n- stances of extreme distress, as might be expected, have been witnessed, as the result, of circumstances grovving out of the unfortunate habits and the moral destitution to which allusion has been made. , u i r^™ Some delightful contrasts to the more melancholy fea- tures exist. The Missionary records notices of Settlements extremely secluded, shut in by wilderaess and sea, small in number, and winning subsistence by severe toil,-vvhich yet enjoyed comfort and respectability, because good ha- bits, kindly feeling, and domestic mstruction, exerted their hallowed influences. . •* _ . u„ Concerning the more destitute Settlements it may be said, that, as regards assistance, connected with the forma- tion of roads, the establishment of schools, and he build- ing of school-houses and places of worship, neglect is not excusable in consequence of any vicous or repulsive dis- position of the people. On the contrary, they are hospi- table, kind to strangers whatever the denomination, grate- 2 10 Description of People. ful for visits and attention, willing to be instructed, and ready for improvement. The Missionary bears testimony to those good qualties ; and what a noble basis they form for the exertions of christian philanthrophy and philo- sophy. The people readily co-operated in the formation of Temperance Societies, — they evinced eagerness for *o* the advantages of education, — and of books. More than once did the Missionary behold tears of joy on the cheeks of the wife and mother, as the husband became pledged to give up the vice which beset him, — and the child join- ed in the holy vow. Often did the people regret that the exertion was not made earlier, — and often contrast their position with what it would have been, if, for twenty years back, tippling was unknown and some degree of learn- ing was a pursuit. The Missionary brought some bOoks, tracts, and papers with him, and much gratitude was evinced for their distribution. In one Settlement, several young persons, who had the advantage of a Sunday School, very eagerly sought for New Testaments. In another place a woman, to whom a Bible was given, declared that its weight in silver would not be more valued, and that she had been for several years desiring such a treasure. — Another woman begged that attempts in forming a school should be persevered in, and declared her willingness to save from her daily bread, rather than that her children should not have intellectual food. In many places the people anticipated, with much anxious hope, the improve- ment of the growing generation by the means now in pro- gress. At Canso the Missionary proposed giving some lessons to those who desired improvement, — and to his surprise nearly ninety persons assembled, including ages between 9 and 50 ; and the good disposition resulted in arrangements for a regular school. These are dawnings, which, if wisely improved, may be considered pledges of a moral day of brightness and beauty. The Missionary was instrumental in establishing six Common Schools, and in procuring teachers for the same; also in forming eight Sabbath Schools. He distributed about 300 pamphlets, several copies of the Scriptures, and furnished two Village Libraries from collections made Results. Prospects. 1^ towards ihe Mission Fund. His plan was to avoid sec- tarianism, in his advocacy of Education and Temperance, but to closely abide by moral and religious pnnciplesot generally applicable character. He feels reason for Toy at the retrospect of hv:> labours, and believes that the benefits of the Temperance Cause, and the good works of those who forward it, are of an established and pro- gressive character, and will have vast and happy consum- mation in another state of existence. , , ,. f These exertions should not be allowed to decline tor want of means. Those Nvho cannot go to the work can co-operate effectually by assisting to send others, and what could be more narrow than backwardness in such a cause ? what more patriotic than to serve, in a most im- portant manner, those who have the strongest claims, as regards privations, country, and disposition, on benevo- lent endeavours'? A Missionary might, very profitably, blend cottage and field and garden economy, with his other teachings, and thus be very useful to the Settle- ments. He might recommend teachers who could occu- py the sacred desk on Sabbaths-might urge domestic education where schools could not be easily establfshed, and forward the formation of small Libraries, consisting ot books of undoubted /alue, as regards useful l^'j'iwkdge and aood morals. The prospect opens-the moral field is white for the harvest,-let advantage be taken of opportunities, and blessings incalculable may be expected to result. In answer to questions put to the Secretary of the Ha- lifax Temperance Society, that officer expressed his views to the following effect : He considers the Mission of great consequence, respecting the formation ot {societies, the rallying of those in existence, the furnishing ot youth with arguments and inducements in favour of lemper- ance, and, generally, the supplying of that interest which attaches to the visits of strangers, and the dissemination of latest intelligence and reasoning on the subject. ^ The Secretary thinks that portions of the Prm-ince where future endeavours may be urged, should be well tried I 12 Views of Mission. by the Missionary ;-tliat he should slay a few days in each place, to become acquainted ^,vith the friends of should'fL",f ' ""i'^ Temperance and general statistics; should lead on confidently to renewed and increased ex- ertion, and revisit places, atintervals of six or eight weeks -thus watching over the work which he had commenced' preventing the success of foes, and strengiherTr the hands of Iriends of moral reform. ^^"g'^eriiig the en ^^'f ^^'"S the conduct of the missionary who repre- sents the femperance principle, he should, it issubmit- ed, be of good deportment and address; impressed with he dignity of the work in which he is engaged, and ex tremely careful that his manner of life bring'no reproach on a cause in which the interests of many are so deeply hT/'''"t' I^'^-^r ^' ^^^^ as Education, should go hand in hand with Temperance, but an avoidance of sectarian subjects would be desirable in him who has a ^tnT ^^/^"V'>^ to persons of all sects and parties, and who should, under that message, look on eviry man as aiike his brother. The continued junction of Educational objects, with he advocacy of Temperance, is recommended; the estab- or aTn"^ ?' ^raprovement of Common Schools, jomestic or general should be urged in every settlement; and some attempt at literary or scientific institutions, where the popu- iation would warrant such modes of improvement, might be made. An humble beginning, such as thereading of good books and explanations of them, might be tried, wherever a lew well informed persons resided, surrounded by a well inchned people, and thus recreation and improve- nient ^'ght mark the long evenings of wimer. An inter- esting field for most of these operations spreads, in every direction, within 20 miles of Halifax. Co-operation is of great consequence in all matters which have not established means of sustenance, and Lont ^^r"^,°" '^? ^^°^ ^'"^^""^ ^^ ^ ^'''' ""'"ber of people. 1 o this end, connected with Temperance, Pro- ^inri.l and County Conventions greatly conduce; practical difficulties, respecting travelling of delegates, might be removed by honest zeal,-and what cause can be muc\i Co-operation. ^^ more worthy of animated energies than that under consi- deration 1 The assistance of country societies, by way of advice, contribution, or simultaneous movement, might be of great advantage. To accomplish any approach to effective co-operation, the appointment of a resident agent, who should visit, lecture, and collect, in Jal.lax and its vicinity, and conduct the gen. -al correspondence, would be very desirable, if circumstances permitted such ap- pointment. The extensive circulation of a periodical pub- lication, as an organ and connecting link of the several societ'es,— and the maintenance of the interest of regular meetings of societies, might also greatly tend to the co- operation which is so essential to full success. Connect- ed with the subject of regular meetings, it may be observ- ed —that in the absence of formal addresses or lectures, a s'ubject for conversation might be named, for the even- ing of meeting, and a few persons be appointed to speak in succession. Such conversations might be on general themes, consistent with the rule which excludes contro- versial topics of religion or politics, but a temperance and moral bearing should be their continued characteristic. The chairman of the occasion should be informed res- Pectin«' those expected to speak, and should endeavour to support the life and vigour of such meetings, by invi- tations to speakers, brief occasional remarks, and kind yet strict attention concerning good order.— Ward Commit- tees might be efficient, and the active assistance ot Ladies would secure excellent results. The Committee have to lament that the free inter- course, on Temperance matters, with the military, has been checked by arrangements that originated elsewhere. The men may attend Temperance meetmgs, however, and difficulties which have arisen may soon disappear; in the mean time, the distribution of Temperance tracts and papers, earnest entreaties respecting the pledge, and respecting faithfulness to it, might have much salu- tarv effect. The cause, among this class of nien, has long been considered a mai.T of deep interest. 1 he comfort and respectibility of Soldiers greatly depend on Temper- ance ; their example may be beneficial, or otherwise 14 Membership. among commumues where they reside; their itineratin° °« bve-words and generally noted warnings to communities. Drinking habits, of a more moderate '=.h='"";^'-' have great- ly declined, and. it is hoped, are still declining .-these nurseries of Intemperance should be considered the ob- ject of energetic though kind and courteous sol"=''»J«--; Drunkards are living horrors which contmually appeal to spectators against the vice they themselves Practice ; but the moderate drinker of intoxicating Liquors. ma> uncon siouslv. encourage and tempt the unwary, he may be the cause of misery !o those wh'o have the strongest claims on his sympalhies, and he helps to s"PP°"»*'^?»';^ "^ 7' nulacture and traffic, whose decrease all good men must ■^In Conclusion, it may be urged 'hat the cause now ad- vocated is closely connected with the best interests of n- dWiduals. families, the Province, »»d 'he Kmpire^-. bat perseverance in a judicious course o( action, '"der the Divine blessing, must be gloriously successful ;-'hi>t as- sistance is now greatly required, to remove difficulties, and "make further progress; and 'ha. every man may well admit that contribution to this good ^otkm.fhe ranked among the most efficient <=harit^s -amon^ holy sympathies which include concerns of body andjind - which exalt the benefactor and the benefitted, -and which are in accordance with tr.e piety, sound reason, and the most wise economy. m^^ss '0'\ ■ i ■ I. >. •0> T< the Public. Thfe Missions, described in the foregoing pages, have caused a debt, which the Committee are very anxious to discharge. — The Committee earnestly desire also, to continue the system of Missions, believing that great good may result. In behalf of these objects a direct appeal will be made. The Committee feel confident that the work in which they are engaged, will not be allowed to languish, when the public examine its merits, and recollect that a small exertion on their part, may bid it ad- vance -prosperously. PrintcJ at the Royal Gazette OtBcc, Halifax, N. S. 1»