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Visitors descend hero to go under tlio slicct of water, or to what is called Termination Rock. «< CLiFTon House, on the hrowof the hill, where the rond rises from the ferry. 6 Carringe road down the bank. 7. Ferry and Guard Ilonse. J}*t MAP OF NIAGARA FALLS, AND ADJOINING SHORES. Rcing a complelo Directory nnd (juiiio to the Fnlls nnd vicinity, for retriark on tho ^- sjiot, or for reference at Home. Distances fioni Ferry U. C. To Clifton House, lOO rods. " Table Rock, i ml. « Burning Spring. 1 " •' Bender's Cave. 3 " «« Lundy's LaneBattJo Ground * 1 " •'Chippewa Battle G'd 2 " « VVhirpooi, 4 « Stamford, 4 " " Mount Dorchester, 'j '• " St. Davids. C " •' Brock's Monument S " » Queenston, 8 " *« Fort George and Niagara, 14 " «i St. Cathatincs, 12 " •' Waterloo Forry^ 14 " «« Fort Eric, 16 " '•City of Toronto, SO « GENERAL REF i5_Horae Shoe Fall, abont 700 yards around, l&H feet high. IC-American Fall, about 820 h-.'^H°>i:Lnt from Chippewa J Sehlosser to the Falls^estimatodat 9get._ J^erry^beb^^^^^^ SiJ^jrtSar^iSr- ti^e Z^r .S^^ Ro^n^ de;Sd ^-^r.^ iston.-from thence seven miles, to Lake Ontario, 3 feet. Rcfcroces lo Ihc Map. ON TUB A«MCAM •IBH. , Cataracl Hole). Enifle IliUel. Exchange Hotel. , Post Officp. Rnlliburri'ii iNrfrefuundnlion , Lnckpo't k Nifltrara Falln Rnil Uond Office. . Btiflaln Is. Niajrara Fall* Rail Road Office. , Ferry fc Ware'a Obier- vaiorjr. Po\nt View Garden and Pa jotlHiO" tlio spot wherv Francis A|)boU lived. Where Alexander wont otr the Lank. . Proposed rood down tlia hnnk. Old Indian Ladder. ', Chan n's Island. . Robinson's Island. . ProBpect Island. . Q. Sloop nnd Bay islandsr. . Prospect Tower and Ter- rapin Rocks. . Roail, washed away. Crescent or Centre Fall, under which is Ingra- hani's Cavo. Paper Mill. Presbyterian Church. Distances from Ameri- can Hotels, U. S. To Bath and Iris Island Hridge, 40 rods " Ferry and Ware's Observotnry, 100 '• " Ferr/ Landnig J25 " •' Horse Shoe FalU crossing bridge &1 island, | n^'j « Walk roL. 3 the island, 1) '■ Point View, j •' Mineral Spring 2 " Whirlpool, I »' Devil's Hole. 3^ " Tusnarora Indian Vil- lage, 8 '• Lewiston, 7 " " Fort Niagara, 14 " , " Lockport by r. road,24 " i " Schlosscr, steamboat landing, S " " Tonavvanda k. Erio Canal, 11 « « Buflalo City, * tt " aENERAL REFERENCES. \ h IC— American Fall, about 320 yards around, 16-1 feet high. V. Cresc&it Fall, about 83 yard« around, and 164 feet jstimated at 90feet. Ferry below the Palls, is 56 rods wide; passage from fke to ten minutes. 5,O8t,080,£8O barrels o< _-- . -.f^_ f--j, :. .u„ _...^;.a>r<; height of the banks of the river nrniind the F4ll«; objvo the surface of the water below ireRobinaon descended in the rapids to save Chspin. The river in six miloafiom the Falls, descends 104 feet to Lew- 1 / 1849. ■^s^SW^wyww^ Til NilGlRl FALLS GdlDE. WITH FULL INSTRUCTIONS TO DIRECT TUB TRAVELLE R To ALL THE Points or Intbbkst AT THE Falls aud Vicimtt. XrMTB A MAP ANO liNOBAVIJiai, ^ BUFFALO. rVBLtSUED BV A. ODBKB. 1849. l/Ud Entuted Aecordlni to let of Coii(re«. Id tlw jrcar cIghIMn- hundred forty-eight, bj JAMBS rAXOX, in tho CIcrk'i Offle* of the Diitrlct Court of the Northern Diitrlet of New- York. ^\' >' ^\ Ar Tr Fa In< In( Po Vi Ja Bi Be Ai Ir Id Pi B H Pi M N S F V B tlw jrcar cIgbiMn* , In tha CIcrk'i O0e« riel of New- York. :■-> CONTENTS. Arrangement, - . - - S Trnvollers, - - ^ - u Falls of Niagara, li Inquiries Answered, • • 80 Indian Ladder, . . - • . SO Point View, . • - • M Village of Niagara Falls, . 8f Jaunt to the Islands, 84 Bridge to the Island, 8» Bath Island, , . . . . . 44 American FJng in the .Rapids, . 4& Iris Island, . - . • ■ . 46 In^rahamsCave, - ^ • . 48 Prospect Island, . . • . 61 Biddle Stair Case, . 63 Horse Shoe Falls, 64 Prospect Tower, - . 67 Moss Island, . . - . 50 Navy « . . - - . 63 Steam Boat Caroline, - . 64 Fort Sclilosser, . 68 Whirlpool, . . - ■ . 70 -^ ir C0NTE^T Battle of the Devils Hole, J^ewiston, Fort Niagara, . , Jaunt to Canada, . - « Suspension Bridge, • View from the Slaira, . Catlin's Cave, . . Bender's " Village of Clifton, Table Rock, Passing Umler the Sheet of Termination Rock, Brocks Monument, . Annual Offering, « Death of Morgan, » ♦• Dr. Hungorford, " « Miss Ruggi . « " Mr. Addington ii The Arrangkhknt. ^HE colloquial form, has in some places been adopted,in afibrding directions and information to travellers. The observations of the guide^ and the remarks of visitors, Iiave been in tome places trans- cribed. In this manner, the information which has been garnered up for years, is imparted to strangers in its appropriate places. The sketches are made in a lour round the Vails and vicinity ; and is divided into four Jaunts. The FiR^T Jaunt is to the Falls on the east side of the river, or, as they are commonly called the American Fall. It may be mrdo from the hotels, inlmlf an hour ; but the feeling of those 1 ,«MiaMte.-..' "^ 6 G LM D E T O THE 'J lie Atrungf iiiont. who go, will determine the period of their stay. Some have thought half a day a short time to spend in viewing the cataract from that position, and iho other objects to which, tlieir attention is drawn; The Second J.^unt is to the Islands. Bath, Iris or Goat, and the other little adjoining Islands that arc accessible. It may bo mode in two hours. Many persons spend a day, and repeat the visit frequently, assorting, that iho interest excited increases the oftener the scene is beheld. The Third Jaunt is to the Whirlpool. It requires three hours ; and, if extended to the Dovirs Hole, Indian Village, and old Fort Niag- ara, a day or more will be pleasantly spent in the excursion. The Fourth Jau.nt is to Cannda. This, like the visit to the Falls, may be acconniUshed in less than an hour ; but it would ba superficial. Very few are satisfied with such a slight peep into her Majesty's dominions. They like to visit Table Rock, and take a look below, through the mist and under the sheet of falling water. Should the visitor design visiting the Canada side of the river, he should do so in the after- ■" . rt i ri i i lHwt uM OlMH-MWi H B icd of their stay. ' n short time to rom that position, tlieir attenlion is 2 Islands. Bath, ) adjoining Islands bo made in two a day, and repeat that iho interest le scone is beheld. > Whirlpool. It f extended to the md old Fort Niog- jasanlly spent in .nnda. This, like acoomiilished in Id b3 superficial, uch a slight peep ). They like to ok below, through f falling water, isiting the Canada ) so in the after* Falls of NrxoARA.. I lij Arrangt'inuMi. noon, and spend tho fore pnit of the day on the American side, as tho position of iho Sun will then be such as not to incommode the eye, and to give on opportunity of viewing tho llninbow which hangs continually over the falling sheet. In speaking gf the time to lo consumed in looking at and around the greatest catarrct in tho world, reference is h:!d to those who travel with ra'1-road speed, and such nro travellers in general in these days, and not to those who havo leisure. To such as havo time and opportunity, no period can be fixed ; all depends on their own impressions. If l!icy are nnexcittd and uninter- oslcd, their stay will be short ; they will cast a dull and unimpassionoJ look over '.h.^ seen?, anl hurry away. Others who have ft It differently, have remained weeks and months at the Fails Biill extolling them, and spending their time much to their saiistaction. mm. 'v/fi i A JAUNT THE FALLS OF NIAGAIlxl. AMERICA xN SIDE, The Travkllers. party from a distant city are on , a lour of pleasure to the Falls. The cars having arrived at the village, the passengers are salu- ted with — "passengers for the .^)> t( baggage," for the , Madam V " do you go to the , Sir ?" and all the jargon and noise which a full array of the runners and waiters from the hotels can utter. The travellers having made up their minds, before their arrival, or afterwards, go to their ■ i » ^ p ii l'f i . ' .,'!'! 12 Guide to thb I'lie Pnllt. hotel, enter their names, secure their rooms, and breakfast, dine, or sup, as the case mny be, ond when prepared make their first visit to the Foils. The aid ot' a guide is useful to such as can aflbrd it, to point out the different views, and to impart a full knowledge of all the localities, but with this book, can be dispensed with. If stopping at the Cataract Hotel, the visitor* as they leave the Hotel will pass to the left to the first street ; proceeding down this street to tho " Old Cttrioaity 8liop," If at the Engle Hotel leave by the steps at the end of the Hotel on Bridge Street, and passing to the loft »hey soon arrive at the " Old Curiosily Shop," whore will be found a great variety of articles of Indian manufacture, and where any information in re- gard to the Falls will be cheerfully given. On leaving tho '-Old Curiosity Shop," they will pass around the building to the right, through tho Grove to the Feriy stairs and Point View Gardrn. If the visitors are at tho Falls Hotel or should conclude to go directly to theFalls from the Cars, they will continue along the Rail Rocl until they pass the Depot, and thence following the path through a grove of trees O Point Vjkw •igh expe com Si breo tion min der m Mt t i mm leir rooms, and 9 mny be, and lit to the Falls, to 9uch as can t views, and to localities, but with. d1, the visitors > the left to the 3 street to the e Engle Hotel the Hotel on lofk «hey soon )p," whore will cics of Indian jrmation in re- ly given, y Shop," they } right, through id Point Vikw the Falls Hotel the Falls from 5 the Rail Rocd lence following taPotNi'ViBW Falls or Niaoara. IS Firit linpreiiii<>i». Gardkn, they will behold the Falls at once be- fore thorn, rolling majestically, and displaying all their grandeur. " How magnificent !" "Truly, the hr-lf has not been told!" •' It is grand — it is dreadful !" "They are terrible, yet beautiful !" '< They appear small at a distance, and, at f'rst sight, 1 was disappointed. Tboy exceed my expectations." " Never have ! beheld, or imagined, any thing comparable to this." Such are some of the mony expressions which break from travellers, and show forth their emo- tions ; they are generally those of admiration, mingled with pleasure ; but many gaze and won* der in silence. 1 14 Guide TOTHB NiiKura. The Falls op NiAOAnA. " Trsnmndoui torrent! for an ln>tanl hu»h Tlie ti'irninof thy vuiec, nnil cat-l naldo 'J'hiMO Willi involving uliiidowi, lliHl luy ryci may 8Ce tlic Icarrul beauty of tliy fuct." N tlio western boundary of the State of New York, runs llie Niagara river, in a northern jw-j^Bfc-JFTBrw dii'cclioii.nnd the centre of whicli f^?' --^^(^ is tiie boundary lino between tbo United Stales and iho dominions of fireat Bi Britain. 'J'ho Ningaivi is the outlet of the vast chain of western lakes, beginning pj* with lake Superior nnd its hundred tributa- ry streaiTiS, and is the principle inlet of lake Ontario. Niag.ii*a is doi-ive'i from the Indian, nnd was called by them Oiii/akarra, according to David Cusick, of the Tuscarora tribe, who published a pamphlet in 1827. The Fulls are Iwentyiwo miles (rom lake Erie, nnd fourteen fi-om lake Ontario. The two bi'anchcs of the river wh'ch encompass Grand mmm nnd and A dow wid pie a d wa nni wh toJ nb( a r sw foi to di( bo a I w a\ 01 lARA. •tani huih t nilda liiu my eyct f f4iec," joundary of the York, runs ihe ill a nortliora ceiUi'o of which lino between tho inions of rSrent ho outlol of the kes, hoginning hundred tribula- iple inlet of lake •om the Indian, arra, according rora tribe, wlio niles from lake nrio. Tho two icompass Grand whim FAtts or NiaoaAa. 15 HupIO*. and other Ulandsi, unite 'a milo above tho rapid* mid it is there two milcj in width. As it advances tho current nccolorrvfoa in it« downward course, and tho channel con'.racls m width. From tranquil and glossy, a slight rip- ple is soon to move thosurfaco ; it next assumes a descending and cradlo-liko move.nent ; the waves enlargo tho tops roll over each other, nnd are broken into white-caps and sprny. I he whole body of tho mighty river bct-omos agita- toJ as if conscious of iho groat plunge Jt it about to in-vke. The placid .'.ream has becomo n rushing torrent, broken into oascaaei, and swooping billows. Its own moniontura presses it forward with irresistablo violence ; from ridge to ridge it bounds, until it readier the pcrpru- clicular rock, and there it sweeps over, and fall- below. Tlio water boils up from benealli, like a sea of white foam ; the spray rises in cloud, which hang dirk and heavy above, or are wafted away by the current of wind ; and rainbows encircle below and above this most wonderful of Nature's works. Iris Island is in the midst of the Falls, nnd •eparalea the water into two gr«at sheets. A I 16 OoiDSTOTHB #■• ' '■' I " ■■ II I ' '■"■ ——..-•.-•.... i«.ll -.■<>•■•■_. Ill .HI •II. ■■ .„ ,,- wnnllpr ^hoet W utruok oflT by Prospect IsIaiK*, passing botweon that and liin Island. Thn por- tion between iho hlanddund tho American shors is less tbnn the main chnniiol whicli separate* Canada from t!io United Slntes, and passes on tlio wostorn side of Iris Uland. In that channel is boino along a volume of woter of immense magnitude, tho drain of more than 150,000 aquare miles of surfaco of lakes and rivers. How sublime the object that is presented to uio enroptured beholder! Such a body of con- gregated woter poured at once over so high a precipice, and filling perpendicularly into tho chasm bolow, whoso deptii it is not possible for man to fathom. The rushing, roaring sound which is emitted by the fulling wotor — the variety of colors prc- ■onled to the eye ; the splendor yet sublimity of the scene — nro new to tho spectotor, nnd creat* emotions difiicult to be described. The sounds ore those r>r the stormy ocenn nnd "Tverwholming tempest} i4i';ro is f^'jo continued roar, yet other sounds '■• i ' ' and varl.- • Some persons, at t....^- , .ve .a.icied noise* strange nnd myiterious ; the intonations of th« ospact Islant'. nd. Th'i por- morican sliora hich separalff and patMOS on n that channel cr of immonsa Ihnn 150,000 itiJ rivers, is presented to I body of oon- >ver so high ft ilarly into tho not possible for ^hicli is emitted r of colors pre- set sublimity of tor, and creat* I. ormy ocenn nnd . ""'io continue'^ ■ and vari.- luocied noises tonations of th» Falls or Niagara ' lounda. It bass drutn-lho slow solemn nnd heavy report of artillery— llio swelling note of the tvumpet, and oven tho human voice in agony, h.ui l)een heard by muny imagiiiaiivo onthusiasts. Bui iho similarity of the sounds to the bass drum, mnd to artillery are so near, at timcj, that per- sons have been repenteiliy deceived. It requires a long rcsidonno to become famil- iar to, and regardless of the noise. To some it creates unplonsant sensations, but generally they aro thoso of n contrary clmiacior. To Ihoso who are rosidonts, iho quietude whi< h ■oomslo prevail when thoy visit any of the ad- jacent vilttgos, m-iko it appear to ihcm liko tho stillness of Simdny. Strangers who rouviin over night, though the ■ound of tho Falls is in their onrs when they retire to real, yoi when il.<'> h-ippen to nwoko from their slumbers, froquontl y fnm-y thomselvea in the midst of a torn pea; tho limm trembles, the windows and d-.^rs .ilatinr, tho wind ru8hc« and whistlPH around, \\w riin pours j and omid all, they hr-\r the unceasing sound of the catar- act. Tiiey rise t J look out upon tho raging atorm; and when ihoy draw tho curtain, or throw up the window, they perceive ihat th« I — , - , v t j< i ( j y . l i if i ». ' . P 18 G U I D R TO THE iloaruf Uio Kails. Mars nro shining sweetly, and not a zcpliyr dis- turbs tho pedant loaves. In honvy weather tho sound is louder, and is hoard rarlhor ; and to those who live at a dis- tance, thoug!i within hearing of tho Falls, they nro an unfailing barometer. After a pleasant turn of weather, during which t!io sound his just boon perceptible, often gradually and some- times suddenly, tho increased roav of tho catar- act como3 upon tho oar. A change of woatiier take? place, and a storm follows. In soma directions tho ronr of the Falls is not heard over six or sovon miles : along l!io course of tlio river tlicy are constantly percepti- ble for ubout fourteen miles ; tl.cy have been occasionally heard at the distance of thirty miles ; and in ono instance an individuaKvserls to havo heard them in tho city of Toronto, in Canada, distant forty-four miles. The concussion of the foiling waters jar the adjoining shores, and tho houses tremble in con- cert with tho unceasing shock. This may bo questioned by those who have only spent an hour or two at tho Falls, in tho clear, serene, and bland weather of summer ; but thoso who havo remained thcro long3r will bu it m; Fc lai tc so ea si \v it tc h e ii til 'i ''I' iiiMiiiiir'jawaiiiiiiiMWi mlMl i iUli. W!|W» r 11 R not a zephyr dia- ls loudor, and is ivho live nl a dia- of the Falls, they After n plensapt h tlio sound hns idmliy and sonic- roav of tho catar- lango of woatlici" 3. \r of the Falls is miloa : along tlio instantly pei'copti- ; il'.ey have beea ce of thirty miles ; jal asserts to have ronto, in Canadn, Ing waters jar the es tremble jn con- ly those who have the Falls, in tho ther of summer ; llicre long3r wiU FALts OP Niagara. 19 Coiioussicn. cerlify to the fact. If a door is left «jar .t vi- bralcs • if a window is loose it clatters ; and even sit»inc quietly at their fire-sides, tho inhabitants will, °at times, perceive a tremulous motion, which they con trace to the Falls. There is much difference in hearing the Falls ; at a short distance from them the noise is not unpleasant, but close to the sheets of water, to many persons it is almost overwhelming. U is believed by niany abroad, that persons long resident at the Falls become hard of hearing. That this is generally so cannot be poBiUvely asserted. A ladv of Lewiston, who several years since visi- tcd'iho Falls, asserts, that to her the noise was so intense ns to deprive her of hearing in one car i and though many years had since pn^ed .he has not recovered from the deafness with which she was then struck. And yet many vis- ilors express themselves greatly disappointed aa to the noise of the Falls ; ihcy expect to hear it heavier ond louder. Nothing but bursting boiU ers ; roaring cannon, pealing thunder, or crash- ing earthquakes con come up to the expectation of such persons. I ..^ ,.^m^..^.,>,mi.tii^ L^i^iui fmmim^ SO GuiDK TO THC luqulrtei Answered- Inquiries ANSwcacD. " Trifles on an IntRreitlot rabjeet, Cease tu be triflci.'* As many inquiries are made a3 to places, distances, and OP. a %-nriety of other subjects, the following para- graphs are intended as ans- wers to such, and afford in the shortest practicable way, the information required. The form of (he Falls is a curve. Th»t part between Iris Island and Canada is cal- led the Horse Shoe Palls. The western or Horse Shoe Fall is about seven hundred yards in circumference. The Fall on the northern side of the Island is three hundred and thirty yards. The centre Fall between Iris and Prospect Islands, is about thirty-three yards. Th ding] thous theF and 8 hund F wiJe gica ferr] wide ordii T isal wine tnnc Coir of V that four in stal qua 1 wnwii ny inquiries are places, distances, variety of other le following para- intended as ans- h, and afford in the acticable way, the n required. n of the Palls is a rh'kt part between and Canada is cal- Fall is about seven ce. Ido of tlio Island is s. Iris and Prospect yards. Falls of Niagara. 21 Width of Uic Falla. Tlie whole distance around the curve, inclu- ding Iris and Prospect islands, is computed at one thousand four hundred yards. The height of ^ the Falls on the American side, is one hundred S and sixty four feet ; on the Canada side, one ) hundred and fifty eight feet. \ From Chippawa to Schlosser the river is the widest. The descent from these places to the great pitch is estimated at ninety feet. At the ferry below the Falls, the river is fiAy-six rods wide. It has been crossed in five minutes ; it ordinarily icquircs ten. The cloud of spray which arises from the Falls is always seen, except when scattered by the wind. It is sometimes seen from a great dis- tance, even from that of one hundred miles. — Computations have been made of the quantity of water that passes over the Falls. One is that 6,084,083,280 barrels descend in twenty- four hours ; 211,886,758 in an hour ; 3,536,614 in a miniito ; and C8,t43 in a second. This statement is undoubtedly within bounds, and the quantity is probably considerably more. The average height of the banks about the ( 3 -^ 2-2 Guidbto thk Helgiit of tlio banki. 1 Fall, is from two hundred to two hundred and iiay feet. You can go, for a short distance from Iris Is- land: under the spray of the Horse Shoe Falls ; soma have called it going under the Horse Snoo Falls, but this is saying too much. The principle spot visited, for going under tlio sheet of water, is Table Rock. Even there, .t is fashionable to speak of the distance advanced in exaggerated terms. Great difference of opinion exists as to the bosl view of the scene of many wonders. One .says "the best view of the Falls is from Table Uook." Another, «' the best view to be had is iVom the centre of the river in crossing." A third, " at the Chinese Pagoda, near the Ferry.' A fourth, " the best view is from the foot of the Ferry stairs on the American sido." A fifth, "the grandest views of all are from the point of Iris Island, where it overlooks the Horso Shoo Falls, and from the tower at the Terrapin Rocks." After all it must be conceded that the view of the Falls in Canada, surpasses any on the Amer- coi pa! j,o en Fo lie nn pe It ce b} ar ui vo hundred and nee from Iris Is- )rso Shoe Falls ; the Horse Shoo h. r going under Uio Even there, it istanoe advanced X exists as to the r wonders. One lis is from Table view to be had is n crossing." A nsar the Ferry." )m the foot of the nido." A fifth, 3 from the point IS the Horse Shoo at the Terrapin d that the view of any on the Amer- Fallb o» Niagara. 2a Anuoal number of VUUors. lean side. On this side ihore are many different views; your eye passes over the various pros- pects piece by piece ; on the Canada side you have a full vieu-. On iho American side com- paring large things with small, you not only oc- cupy the stage box, but you go behind the scenes. Persons who visit the Falls to form a right conception of the wonders of this country should pass over to Iris Island, should visit the whirl- pool and great rapids along the river, and should cross into Canada. From the rapidity of tlio water below the Falls, it has been diflicult to fathom it, but ns nearly ns has been ascortaineiJ, it is two hundred and forty feet. The ferrymen convey baggage safely from one side of the river to the other for a fair com- pensation. The number of visitors increase yearly. In 1838, from the best authority tho number ex- ceeded twenty thousand. In 1839, it exceeded by one third, that of any other year. In 1810 and 1841, though the pressure of the times was unprecedented, yet the number of visitors ia 24 Guide to tub NumlKjr of Visiton. each year was aa great, if not greater than in the previeus years. In 1842 and '43, tlie num- bers wor» about the same as in years previous, since which the number has been steadily in- creasingv until in 184V the number was estimated at 45,000, and last year about the same. :o Ih son k the 1 some below sUppc and V kme.-^: than in le num- •evious, ily in- itimated Falls of Niagara, 2D 'J'lir lii(j;aTi Ladder. ThkIndian Ladder. BOUT one hundred rods below tho Falls and the guide points out a notch in tho bank. Here I is tho o.Jcst place for descen- ding to the Falls ; it is called the Indian Ladder. The Ladder con- sistod of a cedar treo, lying sloping against the rocks. Tiio natural branch- es and notches cut in tlie body of the trees, were the only slight helps afforded '.3 those who went down. Tho last per- son known to have dfisconded, was a hunter by the name of Brooks. He was in pursuit of some game which he had shot, and had fallen below. He got about half-way down, when he slipped, and fell between twenty and thirtj feet, and was badly injured. .^jmm^^'iut'i'i mn'Mi liiiwiiiiiiwi IBMitl i^ 26 GUIDB TO THE Point View. Point View '■ I am on the brink or llie great wat«ri: and their aiilhentic rnicc Goci up amid the rainbow and the nilti i ^_£j Tbclr cUorua ahakca the ground. ointView, on tho American side, not a new position, ns tlio clear surfoco of tho Ijank nnd well trod path will show, but one hardly mentioned by any 'who have written upon this subject, was the spot from whi-^h Vanderlyn sketched one of his great paintings of tho Falls. On the projecting rock at Point View stands the Pagodo, from the ftummit of which the spectator beholds the unrivalled prospect which is spread before him, and no visitor at tho Falls should leave without visiting it ; they not only from that point obtain one of the grandest views of the Falls, but they will find any Inqui- Awfi ka3 Amnican Fall, nrom the rivcr,u i Ijr .' i. it /i : / gutmattntifiaMKCem gliifcijiillliiiiilliliililii Fa ries answei manner tis or tho chco Tho Pnj Foll=i, and i than llio r tho top on not surpass dclinoalion ing in all scenery of OU3 picture rapids iiboi the rich or in short a[ ry or in ni Two hii t\ie Pngod the river, precipice ; notive fon moadowa, U'3 looks sensations ing in mu The Pngiida. ries answered by Mr. «Jc Mrs. Uobinsoiijin such a manner as to Icnvo no doulit of ihcir accuracy or the cheerfulness with which they orn given. The Pagoda is scvcnty-fivc feet above the Foll:i, and iho ground itself is thirty feet higher than the Full!). An ca-y staircase leads to the top on wliif.-h h pkcod a Camcrn Obscura not surpassed if crpmllcd, for niinule nnd living delineation by any other in the world ; exhibit- ing in all its briliant colouring the eplondid scenery of the Vc)U, the bridge and the numer- ous picuucsquc islands that stud the Uivcr, the rapids above and bolow the mighty Cataract ; the rich amphitlioalio of the Canadian slorc— in short a panoramic view of e\erything atatioua- ry or in motion that id abon'. Two hundred foot bolow t!ic lock on which the Pagoda stands lie the calm dark waters of the river, bounded on either side with rock and precipice ; the adjoining shores crowned with native forest trees, and in tho distance grcrn moadows, blooming orchards and rising villngcs. lis looks at the great object of his gaze with sensations of reverence ; tiic white sheets hang- ing in mid air; tho waters foaming and hurry- H,mmm, "'■iiii'llltn'liltflWiftiii to UuiOR TO TUB Beiutytnd OrMtlMrortho Falti iiig from beneaii) hose that impend obovo ; the 8|»my rushing up from iho lioop cavern, ond ri- sing in clouds which hnng m a piilnr of smoko over this sublinio snnctunry of naluro'a myeto- rios. Tiio rocky bnso of Iria Island, dividing tho Falls, willi its tail iiccs, towering nbovo tho water; tho Tcrrnpin rocks on tho Amcricon side, nnd Tnblo rock, in Ciinada : ritogolhor the sceno ia, beyond conception, unique and ina- posing. [t is lliouglii by some that the terms in which tho Folia nro spoken of nnd usually described, nro two higli and exaggerated. If tho Knglish and Scotch poets aro any criterion for descrip- tive expressions, (and that they nro tho true standard, all will allow,) so far then from being cxnggoratcd, the terms applied to tho Falls are but tamo and fooblo. Several of the authors alluded to, havo aflbrded poetical dtscriptionsof waterfalls in tho United Kingdom, in which all the epithets of beauty nnd grandeur have been exhausted in tho labored delineation— descrip- tions so lofty as to leave nothing to add, even when applied to the Fails of Niagara. Look fit tho objects as nature presents them ;— a brook F A I or mill race ocoon. lnd( gunge too hi ([uately com] nnd impressi is ovorwheln strife. Ant Falls, but lh( lira river, frc below Navy current at L most wondoi fords scenes, limo and tcr land. Falls or Niaoaka ai nbovo ; tho ?rn, and li- r ofsmok •0*8 myetc- i, dividing ^ nbovo (lio Americon ogother the le and im 13 ill wliich described, ho Englisli "or descrip- tlie Iruo Irom being 10 Falls nre he autiiors criptions of 1 which alt have been a — descrip- add, even 'Q. Look ; — a brook ruUliM and TrrrtblcBccnci. or mill race to a mighty river— a pond to an ocoon. Indeed, there is no term of our lon- fjungo loo high, or idea of our imogination ade- quately comprehensive to describe this profound nnd impressive sccno. Tlio mind avvc-slruck, is overwhelmed nnd lost amid the elcmonlnl strife. And it is not only so as rogordn tlio' Falls, but the whole of that portion of the Niofj- nra river, from the commencement of tlic rapids holow Navy Island to tho eddying and heavy current at Lowiston, is without doubt one of tho most wonderful of tho works of nature, and af- fords scenes, with but few exceptions, moresuli- limo and terrible than is exhibited in any other land. ; ii i.i ii i i i»iiilW M M WtitiiM»i«*ili ' f i ii H m i l l 32 Guide tothe Niagara Falls Village. Village of Niacara Falls. " Lead on— to yon Ipr village lead, When: licnivcn li.is liappincn decreed For those llio blessings prize ; VVlioseelia in solitary ease, £ucli |oys as innocently please. Nor wisli for otiicr jnys." N 1805, Augustus Portor, Peter B. Porter, Benjamin Barton, and Joseph Annin, Esqr's, became, by purchase of the State of New York, the proprietors of a con- siderable tract of land, lying immedi- ately adjacent to the Fells of Niagara. They laid out a village which was called Grand Niagara, but was soon changed 10 Manchester. This name it retained for sev- eral years ; but as much inconvenience arose from there being several other places in the state of the same name, it was altered to Niagara Falls, which is the name of the post-office. In 1813, the village wa^ burnt by the enemy. Af- .-.v^^^^^M^^BM TO THE FalU Village. IiACARA Falls. 311 Ipr villago lead, ! ImppiiicFS decreed essiiigs prize ; tary case, locently please, •r joys," », Augustus Porter, Peter ter, Benjamin Barton, and Annin, Esqr's, became, chase of the State of New the proprietors of a con- t of land, lying immedi- to the Ftlls of Niagara, a villagG which was called a, but was soon changed name it retained for sev- ich inconvenience arose al other places in the state was altered to Niagara ne of the post-ofTice. In jurnt by the enemy. Af- Falls opNiaoara. 13 Mngnra Falls Village. ter the war, the citizens returnee], and it has very gradually increased since then in buildings and inhabitants. In 1836 the survey of the village was greatly extended ; the lands became in great demand, and large sales could have been made at enormous prices ; and some lots were sold. Mr. Z. Allen, an engineer of reputation, has communicated to Silliman's Journal an estimate of the hydraulic power of Niagara Falls, based on actual measurement, and the result shows that the power is equal to that of 4,.-j33,334 horses, or nineteen times greater ihv:, the whole motive power of Great Britain. The location is commended for its healthiness, and for rural beauty it is unexcelled. It affords the finest places for residences for those who wish to combine elegance of scenery and salu- brity of air, of any on the Niagara frontier.— Nature has done everything ; but as to the vil- lago of the Falls, man has done but little. i^ai.MAmiilihiM'iiiiiiilmtlU inTirWli'itrtiifciii ii) )i i ,],Vi..^.,.j» w»»iyW!'>yi tit,.iJ,itJ,ftJi i -»iiJ» i' Jtf.^ A JAUNT TO IRIS AND OTHER ISLANDS 1!» THE VICINITY OF •NIAGARA FALLS. " Say, tliall we wind Along the tiream5, or walk the emilina mcaj, or court the forest glaacJ" ' H^REnre several Islfinds, which from their locality and peculiar position in reference to the Falls, have ntlracted the ntten- tion and curiosity of strangers, I and a visit to soma of thorn is never negleot- I ed by those who have an opportunity. — The one the most interesting is Iris, or as . it is commonly called, Goat Island. Many years since, a resident of Schlosser put some *««!imwwMa>npif UNT ER ISLANDS :i!)iTY or . FALLS. I we wind n-alk the smiliag mcail, s several Islands.which sir locality and peculinr in reference to tiio ivo nltractcd the ntten- curioaity of strangers, rthom is never neglect- avo an opportunity. — iterosting is Iris, or as d, Goat Island. Many if Schlosser put some PALts OF Niagara. 35 IriB Island Ooats on the island, and henco the name. Die present proprietors have given it the name of I ris Island. As that is very appropiate it is pro- per that it should be generally adopted. It lies in latitude 43 ° 6 and longitude 2^5 west from Washington city, and contains be- tween sixty and seventy acres. Though tho soil is an accamulation of earth upon a heap ol rocks, yet it is very fertile, producing all the na- tive plants of the country in great luxuriance. A circuit round it which visitors usually lake is about a mile. By tho boundary commissioners who wore appointed under the treaty of Ohent, it was very properly adjudgod to belong to the United States and the Indian title being extin- Kuished it fell into the hands of private individ- uals. Just at the upper end of the Island com- mence the terrific rapids that lead on to the Falls. There the river divides, the main body passing on the south-western side, and the lesser on the north-eastern. The lower end of the island is like the main shore below the Falls-A perpen- dicular baak from seventy to ninety feet, and thence to the waters edge, a sloping precipice of from one hundred to one hundred and twenty ^ .j.jiii| i i l H i ^.w | |» 36 Guide to thb Jaunt to tbo Iiland. feet. A small portion of the island has been cleared off, and is in a state of cullivation ; but the principal pnrt is yet covered with native for- est trees, of various kinds, through the density of some of which, when covered with their rich foliage, the rays of the sun are seldom admitted. In making the tower of the island, occasion will bo taken to mention and describe such other islands that lie in the Niagara river,^ as have in any way drawn the attentiop of the public, fO THB I laland. r Iho island lias been ate of cullivation ; but overed with native for- 3s, through ihc density covered with their rich in are seldom admitted, the island, occasion and describe such other agara river,^ as hav^o in tiop of the public. ■WI I IW!!!-. Falls or Niagara, Jaunt to the Island. 37 Jaunt to the Island. " Go to the cool niiii shady bowers. Where (low the wilii ca^calc ; Biroll through each green and deep recess. And dark romUntic gtri(!c9~ T)ienre»t thee on the lOSfjr dank, Or onsvaril further Vray, ' And gaze up.in tba mighty stream. That winds its course away" . HK party leave tlie hotel, and turn down a short street called .Bridge street. Thoy lall into conversation with the guide, ma. king such inquiries of him as 1 are usually interesting to trafellers, and such as are commonly made. The infor- mation which follows is in answer to such . questions. Besides seeing the Falls, trav- elers who remain for any length of time, find various amusements. The Pleasure Garden, comprising about one acre of ground, a few rods south of the Falls, is an attractive place. 3 »*«»a>foiwminii MiJW|IWj| i . |i )! l l l WWII l UU i #l.".i.i. 38 Guide to thk Amuiementti. For those who like in-door exercise, there is a ball or ten-pin allay. There is uIho in the village, got up expressly for the use of travel- lers, several billiard tables. Some resort to the hatha ; others bathe in the river. Some amuse themselves in fishing ; others in fowling, and in seeking after the great bald eagle. Some of the noblest of the species have been found in this quarter ; specimens of which are to be seen at the various places of resort on both sides of the river. The generality of travellers ride to those places which it has become fashionable to visit : Old Fort Schlosser, up the river — the Mineral Spring — the Whirpool — the Devils Hole, the Tuscaroras Indian viloge, and Fort Niagara, and good carnages, with careful drivers that will act as guides, can be had at the livery stable of the Messrs Hamlin, on Bridge street. Beside these, considerable time may bo spent most pleasantly in a trip to Canada. The party are descending a small declivity, towards the bridge, to the island. Traveller — " Indeed, this prospect is very grand ; those majestic waves, bounding and i i ii iiii i i lfWBii ii ln i ii i tn ii ai ^iii imnmni iii i i O THE ntii. Dor exercise, there is Phere is aluo in the T the use of travel- is ; others bathe in dmselves in iishing ; jeking after the great loblest of the species arter ; specimens of he various places of river. ellers rido to those fashionable to visit : 1 river — the Mineral le Devils Hole, the and Fort Niagara, careful drivers that B had at the livery tin, on Bridge street. le time may be spent ) Canada. ng a small declivity, sland. his prospect is very /aves, bounding and mmm Falls op Nia o A R A 30 1 Tha Bridge to tbo Irtand. curving along, and that bridge lying at rest over them ! Here is nature in all her might, and the art of man triumphing over obstacles appearing almost insurmountable. The Bridge to the Island. HE construction of this bridge appeared almost incredible to an individual who happened to be at this place vrhon the work was going forward. One or two of the piers only were laid down. — He enquired of the workmen the object of the bridge and where it was going. — '* To the island," was the reply, *' I don't want to live any longer," said the stranger, •' th^n until you got this bridge to the island." He could not be convinced that its construction was practicable. 40 ! ,J t.JllWaaJ-..>^U.jMJI,i.4-J*Ml > il l GUIDB TO THK Eccetlon of the Bridge. Tlie first bridge erected to the island — in 1817 — was built further up the river, opposite to the residence of the late Judge Porter. The winter nfter its erection — in 1818 — it was carried away by ihe ice, and in the following aummer abridge was built on the present site, jjassing to Bath Island. In 1839 it was rebuilt ; the present construction is more firm and substantial than was the first. The erection of this bridt^o has universally received the commendation of travoUeri. It enables them, with a tiiUing cipeuso, to visit the island with safety and convenience ; anjunder- taking which before, was attended with consid- erable expense and some e.'tposure to dvinger, it has thrown open to public view, one of tho wonders of the world ; which, to the greatest proportion of visitors, could only be seen at a distance. The income of the bridge is consid- erable, but no more than a fair return for such a work. The celebrated Indian Chief, Red Jacket, passed over this bridge with one of the proprie- tors, shortly after it was completed. His sinister feelings towards white men and his envy of tiiB niiiiliiii'ffii*i«rtiniiii> ■«mU pinfminHppMpNMn* TH K rldgc. the island — in 1817 ivor, opposite to the *orler. Tho winter it was carried awny ng summer abridge , jjassing to Bath sbuilt ; tho present d substantial than 50 has universally of travelleri. It 5 e.tpense, to visit enience ; anjunder- mded with consid- osure to danger, it view, one of tho h, to the greatest only be seen at a e bridge is consid- er return for such Ihiof, Red Jacket, one of the proprie- leted. His sinister ond his envy of Falls of Niagara. 41 Red Jacket. their superiority over his brothers of tho forest, are well known. As ho walked along, the min- gled emotions of hate, envy ond admiration, which rankled in his bosom, were expressed every little while, as ho looked on tho dashing waters, firm piers and secure superstructure, with «' Yankee," " Yankee," applying an epithet not proper to mention, though easily guessed ; — one demonstrative more of spite than good will. Arriving at Bath Island, the travellers ascend the bank, enter the toll-house and pay the charge of twenty-five cents each, which gives the indi- vidual the privilege of visiting the island during his stay ot the Falls or at any time thereafter for the current year. "»,ii i .iiiii)i ' mi p 4« ■i U.WI,iJ.jii|iiMii«IWHH".UM '' W Ohidi to thb Datb liland. Bath Island. •' The iilc i* Ml of noiiM. ■onndi tbat give dallgbt, and tiurt not' traveller thus speaks of this islaad ; "It is itselfa curiosity worth beholding. To visit this alone would be wortli the cost of the bridge which leads to it. Why, it is n perfect chaos ! How the waters rush and roar along.beating vainly against the impregnable rock to which it is bound ! Those trees and green patches, the broken surface and firm rocks are aJl in Hnison with each other. Nature has charms hore, amid the boisterous waters of the Niagara, that I little imagined." On the south side of the Island is a paper manufactory. The islands observed just above Bath Island, are Sloop and Brig islands. A foot bridge is usually extended to them,and they are a favorite resort of visitors in the warm afternoons of summer. The shade of the trees, the commcw ■.iiWnfin'inmftBimitifttnMiiiitfii.1 (Win TBI noiwa. 1 bun not'' lus speaks of this is itself a curiosity iing. To visit this be wortli the cost 9 which leads to it. chaos ! How the ongtbeating vainly tie rock to which it and green patches, 1 rocks are all in faturo has charms 9rs of the Niagara, I Island is a paper jserved just above rig islands. A foot :hein,and they are a te warm afternoons e trees, the commo< iniraiiniiii pnpiw!pinpp«in«niiipip"i«f the Cave of the Winds, lantity of eels that may itering, piled in heaps, spray, but immediately upon any disturbance. — s may be seen at the Old red in spirits. Falls of Niagara. 51 Froipeet Island. Prospect Island. •' Where leaps The torrent In it? wllJ career. While shake its 1 arriers, as in fear.' ROM the point of Iris Island, 'fronting the Amyican Falls, descends a path towards Pros- pect island, sometimes called Mrs. Davidson's islnnd,as while she WQS visiting the Falls- a foot bridge was thrown over to it, and onats extreme point she planted a few seeds of the Lathyrus Latifolius or everlasting pea, which were obsarvod somo years afterwards in bloom, with their beautiful little flowers hanging over the side of the bank near the Cavo of the Winds. The bridge to this island is generally carried away in the winter and replaced again in the summer. It is worth crossing over, to ramble through the tangled evergrcpna, to look down the high bank and enjoy the prospect whi ii lb there displayed. ir»i«riiiii»ia i Miiii iiiiliiiiilMMililliiiiiM mm mmmmmimimt O TRB le Fnllt. OS F A L L • < rom inyitir, 1" 10 prospect opens to Idcnly botwei n the ic rainbow seen below sing n cloud of spray, ifiil, with nil its mel- g, as tlio same object iner's shower. g singularity in the of the Horse Shoe B peculiar and distinct le position their form rom which they derive Br position, the some ation; and from a third 10 sides of a hollow Falls or Niaoaha. M""iili'.IU >e<'iic. fiS Tho ruiiibows are huen iiccmdii g to ihu posi- tion of tho spoelator wiih ilmi oi" the tun. Ii» tho morning tlioy nro viewed from thi.-s in the afternoon from li.o Briiishs.da. At night, when the moon shiaes brig nly, i lunar b >w t-ncircles tho Falls, widi rnvrt woll dofiirod, but pnle and murky. 0:isuch nis^'its,! irgi p irtio?tof visitors congregate on the island, muI mjlancholy influ- ences seem to pervadn every b )-'om. Tho mind inslinclivcly fools ihe soiuimcnt of the poet. ' " n mv)n t tlinu lirialit— tliiiu Invvitinil 1 llnw iiriiiy iiro ilie scuiicsof woe on wllicU Tliy iiuro UiM buamcUi !" The enraptured sonli mental ist lingers around this scene, conversation is conducted in low whispers and t!>9 mind becomes wrapped in sad and unwonted m-jditations. Tho great Falls, the lovely moon cMirsing its way through the high firmament, tho pale arch which spans the cataract, the sombre woods, tho deep mysterious gulf, tho water, all combine powerfully to allcct the mind. No n'>i.-iy conviviality, no boisterous nurth prevails at such times, ond no sound is beard but the deep and hollow roar of the Falls. 6« OUIDB TO TUB [Icpih of Wntpr. Thot this is not an imaginary picture, every on3 wUo haa witnessed the M-ono will allow. In the center of the lioiso Shoe I'allH, the water is of a pure greon color, and i« fuijudged to be about twenty Toot d.ep. V R B >r. ary picture, every ono will allow. > Shoe FuIIh, the »r, and !• 'uijudged I'run^i-el Tuwcr. 67 P KOBf BCT To W «»• HIS is a circular building, witk nn obsorvalory onlho t'on. Ai fotlli from out the blatit aUysa llie blUowjr flood i« driven.'' Tho limber and fragminta that are scattered around, are the remains of a bridge built by Gjn. Wl tney, a part of which projcu )d over tho bank, it was on a single projecting limber of Ihia bridge that it was usual for Francis Abbotto walk, and at the oxlrema end to tura •a his heel and walk back. Mite mat 68 OiriOlTO TBfl Ti rrnpin Urlilgf. The Terrapin Bridge should bo rfibuilt. It ftfTordiid nn unequ illed prospect into ilio wliilo ond, miHty chrism. \nd to Rpoctalors at r\ di*- tanco, tho light bi go hanginq^ over iho clouda and rainl»ow below, tho moving forms upon it, surrounded by tho flicliPrin^ spray, now seen, and anon hid from view, gave to the scone on Impressive i;Hereit deeply felt by ovory sensi* live mind. msam O TB II oiild bo rebuilt. It Hpccl into the wliilo spectators nt !\ dis- fins! over the clouds )ving forms iipi>u it, g aprny, now seen, tvo to the scono on fell by ovory setui- FAbbe OK NiAOA* Aj 59 ~~ Mom l»l«nJ. Mob T s /- a n . iiR wnlk round iholslnnd \itlMK$ unar to iho bcautilul stream of water which runs on the north side of Moss Island. This stream is overliung and on- shrouded with trees and evorgrc!on shrubs whose leaves dip In the silvered water as it glides along. In its course, thero is a -^ most lovely water-fall, in miniature, and which Francis Abbott the hermit of the Falls used as his shower balh." The adjacent spot is called Moss Island, on account of the mo^sy and velvet like appenrancn of its surface. On this Island, Abbott wished m build n rustic cottage. As he described it, it was to be of rough mate- rials, with latticed windows, and to be covered with moss and evergreen creeping vines. To the Island he pntposcd to have a bridge, in unsion •illMJiPIMMilliii! IMilP 60 O DIOB TO THV Tba Hermitage. w ilh the cottage with a draw attached lo it, that, when he desired to be alone, he might be secure fttwn ail intrusion, and he himself the master of a small and solitary domain. " Beeluie and hid firom ever; eye. Bare that of imiling lieavcn." Such additions would have been quite an at- traction, and the hermit himself, a great curi- osity. He appears to have been just the kind of man required to animate these wild romantic scenes. On the subject he observed : «• On some of the great estates in England, where the proprietors seek to give a romantic interest to their possessions, a forest or some retired glen is chosen, where a hermitage is erected, and a man hired to play the hermit. When the owner passes over his estate with his friends, the hermit, with his flowing beard and dressed in antique costume, receive them at the hermit- age." He would conclude by saying—" I desire to live alone ; I voluntarily wish to retire from the world. It suits me not to mingle with man- kind." The Islands lying beyond Moss Island.are not i^ocessible, excepting in some severe wintersi niijyiiiliHiMii rnitage. draw attached to it, that, one, he might be secure 16 hitnsdf tho master or nain. STcry ejt, ven." have been quite an a(. himself, a great curi- have been just the kind late these wild romantic t he observed : '• On eg in Bngland, where ;ivo a romantic interest forest or some retired . hermitage is erected, y the hermit. When 3 estate with his friends, ing beard and dressed ive them at the hermit- le by saying — '« I desire rily wish to retire from ot to mingle with man- and Moss Island,are not some severe wiatersi FAtLS o*" Niagara. ■ Gull Uland. 51 when the ice and snow are driven around them, and dam the water off; at such times they have been visited by a few persons. The little Island which lies between this and tho Canada she; and which justrises above the water, is called Gull Island, from the circumstance of its being ihe resort of great numbers of birds of that species. There they live secure and unmolested by man. Having arrived at the head of the Island, where an unobstructed prospect of the river t» presented, several objects are elicited by th» inquiries of travellers. They ore comprised io the notices which follow. «w '"^-^JP-VAfsa^ lifflBHHillliiiiillilH GuiDR TO THB ^Bvy lilaiid Navy Island. " Tlicro id a picnturc in lite pallileM woodft Tlierc it a rapiuru on tliu Imitey sliarCi Thcru isaneifly. where noiiu iiitiude*. By the (lci'|> wave, nud inixio iiiitiruar. 1 luve iini man ttiv leu, but iiiituru more." MIS Island contains three hun- drcd acres of land. It belongs to Canada, the main clinnnoi running between that and tho American Shore. Opposite Navy Island, h Street's Point, in Canada. It was once a navy yard of the British, and late the residence of Capt. Usher, one of the persons concerned in the Caro- line aflair, and who was assasinated in December, 1838. About tho mid lie of the month of December, 1837, twonty.eight men, principally Ccnndians, with Rensolaer Van Rpnsaeler and Williom Lyon Mackenzie, went on Navy Islond. They brought with thrm arms and provisions. They Btaid on the Island one month, and then, at their r-i:E&9iS!**S TO TH ■ Fax LB or Niagara. Idaiid SLA N D. I the piillileM woodit B loiitey Klinrc, noiiu iiitiuUva. inii'ic ill iliruur. liui iiniuru mun:." ind contains three hun> res of land. Ii belongs id.i, the main clianno| r between that and the :an Shore. Opposite I reel's Point, in Canada. ^y yard oi' the British, idence of Copt. Usher. I concerned in llie Caro- 'ho was assasinated in 'le month of December, i principally Crnndians, X^nsneler nnd William nn Navy Islond. They I nnd provisions. They month, and then, at their Knvjr 1 aland. ponents. Opposite to them, were five thousand Ln. consistingof British regulars incorporated militia, and a body of Negroes and Indmns.- Batteries were erected and shells were at inter- vals cast upon th. Island. The islanders were incessantly in a state of danger and alarm ; ye they would, at times, provokingly return the fire. For a month, a raw, undisciplined band of men, in the severity of winter, with "o shelter but such as they then constructed, and miserably clad set at defiance and laughed at the over- whelming force, which lay so near to then, that they frequoMtly conversed together. Lot justice be done to them, and. however by contending parties they may be differently e^t^^^J^^, ^he.r must be awarded to them the pra.se of being as enduring and as brave a sot of fellows as ever assembled together. They left the Island be- cause the United States would not countenance them, nnd in accordance with the wishes o American citizens, who interposed to effect their dispersion. An expression of one of the leadeis. before leaving, was-" 1 fear not my enemies but my friends." r/mmmmmisi «4 GciDS TO TBI Tlie i^leaniboat (!ur<>line. There is on occurrence connected with the Nftvy Island affair painful to relate. The steamboat Caroline camo from Buffalo onlho 29th of December, it is taid to play as a ferry-boat between Schlosser and Navy Island. It passed, that day, forth and bick several times, and before sun-down was brought to at the wharf, at Schlossor, and moored for the night. At that place there was but one house, and that a taverrt. The warlike movements between the patriots nnd British, had drawn to the frontier, through motives of curiosity, a great number of persons. The tavern was crowded — lodgings could not bo obtained — and several, observing the steamboat, sought for accommodations on board und wore received. In the middle of the night, the watch ((or a watch on board steamboats is usually kept,) saw sometliingndvancing on the water. — fit} hailed, but before he could give the alarm, a body of armed men rushed on board, ehol at the bentinel and all they met, crying— "Cut them down ! Give no quarters !" No arms were on board ; no attack was expected } nnd no resis- tance was made.! Some got on shore uninjured; others were severely cut and dongerously imMi once connected with the inTuI to relate, jline camo rrom Buifala bor, it Is caid to play as a hlosser and Navy Island, rth and bick several times, ras brought to at the wharf, red for the night. At that \e house, and that a tavern, mts between the patriots n to the frontier, throu I great number of persons, lod— lodgings could not bo , observing the steamboat, ttions on board and wore He of the night, the watch 'd steamboats is usually idvancing on the water. — lie could give the alarm, a ished on board, shot at tho net, crying — "Cut them ers !" No arms were on expected ; and no resis- ne got on shore uninjured; ' cut aod dangerously timmfmm'^ Falls or Niagara. 67 I I'l' Ik'iir.iiii I mil' wounded. Om; iiiui wus shot do id on ilie wliarf, ond twelve were niisising, eitiicr killed or burnt and sunk with the boat. They towed iho boat out in the river and sot it on fire ; tho (lames burst forih ; it drifted slowly, and its blaze Khono far and wide over the water nnd adjacent shores. On tho Canada side, at a dislan'.:e ubuvo Chippewa, was burning a laigo light, ns a signal to those engn^jed in the expedition. In a short time an astounding shout came booming over tho water ; it was lor the success and return of those who iind performed this deed. Tho beacon was extinguished. Tho Caroline still moved on, and cast its lurid light far nnd wide, clothing tho scene in glooni nnd horror, and just below the point of Ins Island, suddenly disappeared. Many of the wrecked nnd charred remains were, the next morning, floating in the current nnd eddies below the Falls. The next oliject to which the attention of tho traveller is directed, is Porter's Storehouse, or the steamboat landing. It is tho end of ship navigation, on the American side of the Niagara, and is the proposed point for the commencemeat ^,,mmim^ 68 GuiDK TO TKl Corl ^clll»•lu'r. of tho great ship caiml around the Foils; a work which the extonsivo and populous counfrie* on tho upper lukoi uro r qiiiriiig, and will urge forward until accornplislied. At this place, tiio persons going on the Navy island expedition embarked ; and it was there that the steamboat Caroline lay when she was cut out. Nearly a m-'ie below the landing ure the remainsof old Fort Schlossor. Tho name u derived from the Geimnn, and means castle. It was nncienlly a stockade, built upon banks slightly, raised above the plain. Fn.m tho re- mainsjit appo u-.s that tlicro wevo two fortifications contiguous to each other and of similar construc- tion. In a historical memorandum and map, in 1775, before tho f.LUtry was subdued by the British, it is marked " Sloro House" only.— I'he site is now a cultivated field and the grounds have been frequonily ploughed over. Th« party I'love on and pass the house where Francis Abbott for some time resided, and slop at a place where the earth has been e.Ycavated. Here, eevernl haman skeletons have been duj up. How they cnme there is not known. TO TUB hcliliwucr. il around the Falls ; a vo and populous countries r qiiirinjj, and will urge siied. •.sons going on the Navy I'kcd ; nnd it was there iline lay when she was w the landing are the ;hIoss(>r. The name It HI, and mrnns castle. It iade, built upon banks e plain. Fi-onri the re- sro were two fortifications r and of similar construc- in?tnoranduni and map, iitry wafl subdued by the Store riouso" only. — itcd field and the grounds liiughfd over, nd pass the house where :< time resided, and stop nil has been e.vcavated. oletons hftv» been dufr hero is not known. mmmmmmivmiiifiKmimmm Falls or Niagara. 69 Jaunt Concliidcdi The enclosure which is seen at the left, is a garden ; where in the season of flowers and fruits, boquets and fruits are kept for sale. From every part of the upper end of the Island, a fine view is presented of the Village of Niagara Falls, and the intervening ropids. Gen. Whitney's place is seen advantageously from the island. He was among the first Inhab- itants and has proved himself a pioneer worthy of all praise. Enterprising in the most eminent degree, doing at all times all that industry and his means could afford in making improvements around the Falls and on his own premises, for the accomodation of visitors— first putting ladders down the banks, and then a stair-case ; establish, ing a ferry and building bridges, platforms and many other conveniences. The travellers return to the bridge and back to their hotel. 1 ^3l»ito>Mi A JAUNT TO TUB WHIRLPOOL, FORT NIAGARA AND DEVIL'S HOLE. ThK 'V ■ HP OOli. " Ah ! terribly Ihfy r'ii>(> ' The ho»rre ami ripid whlrlpo«r» il ■"> '. My bralil Otowi wlW-ii. I'lucii wunilti, »e Upon Ui« liu jiiia wl' • " "% ^,^ tlin "■; of Ningara d not exist, u>e Whirlpool woulU lie the most dititinguislied curi- osil* nirordc of TrsMllara. ^wenty-five cents is paid coming in sight of the K bowory of f'TOst iroon, foliage of aicli forms a do vory refreshing in the mmer. i at tlio banlcof tho rivor, I tl»o [ rospect for somo iction, and make many turning to the guide or », " What course does tho I" i way, saying, •' we will cti. Now loo)« below." ; Mary ! what a scone i» -'• How beautiful nn\ olear and rapid ' Wii whnt way ! Is this a branch of vo a few steps closer to 1 perceive that tho stream igara. Its sudden turn, the jinael, the high and ap< ihe dark and swelling water mmm FaLLI or NlAOA«A 78 Roinarki of Tnvellori. of the outlet, stiikes every one with sensatloiM of admiration." Traveller.—" Tasteless to the marvellous and surprising beauties of nature must he be, who beholds these her noble works, without emotion." <' Nature hero Wantoiia In hor prime and playa at will Her vlrtiii fanclcf. As nearly all tho travellers, that visit the Whirlpool, descend the bank, nnd consider them- selves well paid for tho trouble, the porty con- clude to go down. The guide leads the way nnd with some labor and exertion, though not more than is healthy exorcise, they descend. He conducts them to the Smooth Rock, against which dashes the powerful and resistless current. " Here," he observes, " a young man, by the nameof Samuel Wbitmer of this township threw a stone that struck the Canada shore." Several of the party boing disposed to try tiiore skill make the attempt. Whether they succeed or not, has not been reported. Traveller.—" If ihe improvements wore made, of which the place is susceptible, it would moke ■>ill !ip i i l JIWI ' D')! 74 GriDB TO THE Bemarki. a beautiful country retreat. The grounds west •r the road, 1 would enclose as a park; the forest part should bo cleared of the undergrowth leaving here and there, dense as it now is, a clump of indigenous shrubs and plants, impervi- ous as nature has reared them. The whole should be intersected with roads and walks : steps also, to descend the bank ; a bathing and fishing house; a life-boat on the river; and a suspension bridge from bank to bunk. The water power should he brought into use, in carry- ing on mills and manufactories ; and my cottage should be in the midst of the active and rural scene. Guide.—'* To which could bo added a view of the Falls at a distance, if the woods on yon point of land at the south, in Canada, are cut down. This place was one of the favorite pur- chases of Rathbun, and on which he very justly placed a high value. It was he who erected the summer-house, and it was his design to carry into efFect many of tba improvements, which you have mentionod. i TO THE Semarka. )treat. Tho grounds west enclose as a park ; the learedof the undergrowth ire, dense as it now is, a shrubs and plants, impervi< •eared them. The whole ! with roads and walks : the bank ; a bathing and }oat on the river ; and a 'ora bonk to bunk. The i brought into use, in carry- ifaotories ; and my cottage let of the active and rural ch could be added a view of ' ce, if the woods on yon louth, in Canada, are cut fas one of the favorite pur- nd on which he very justly It was he who erected the was his design to carry the improvements, which m i }]!.Mri"imi. f 0m9xivsiM9"i! ' , ' ^'fi m:.;i-w^ Palls op Niaoaea. 76 Devil'B Hole. Battle op the Devil's Hole. " Once tUi» ioft tuff, Iho rlVlel'B sandi. Were trampled by a hurrying crowd ( And flery heart*, and armed hand', Encountered tn the battle cloud." mile from the Whirlpool, the road runs within a few feet of the river's bank, where a deep and gloomy chasm is rent or worn out of the rock. This is called tho Devil's Hole, and the small stream which crosses the road nr.d falls in the chasm, is the Bloody Run. In 1759, while the war was yel raging between England and France, a detach- ment of ono hundred British regulars were conveying a large supply of ...ovisions, .eef catllo, and raunitiona of war, to Fort Schlosaer. Indians were employed by both parties. Those in the interest of the French, had been for some days hovering about the British camp, and when the convoy set out, they wore on the alert. At 76 GuiDB TO xat Devii'i Hole. this place, they formed their ambuscade, and never was lere a spot more favorable for such a manoeuvre. On the right of the advancing party was the high bank of the Niagara river, and on the left the ridge, and at each extremity two small hills. The party, unsuspecting any attack, rnoved forward on the road ; when the front of the detachment reached the end of the ravine, the Indian fusees were' opened upon them with deadly aim ; then followed the dread war-whoop, as if a thousand wolves were howl- ing and yelling around them. Indeed.their assail- ants were more fierce and ferocious than the wild beast i of *be forest. ( •' pale terror march'd nmld Hic yfslding bond, ChilI'd every bcart, unncrve'd each iron hand." Many of the soldiers were killed at" the first discharge, and tha others were thrown into hopeless confusion. The Indians fell like tigers upon the drivers, tomahawked them in their 8eat8,and threw ihem under foot. The waggons were backed off the precipice, and men and cattle fell with the loading in one dismembered and mutilated mass. Some threw themselvc:. TO Tae I Hole. their ambuscade, and more favorable for such right of the advancing k of the Niagara river, e, nnd at each extremity party, unsuspecting any m the road ; when the t reoched the end of the ees wcre^ opened upon then followed the dread isand wolves were howl- hem. Indeedjlhelr assail- id ferocious than the wild id the ffsldlng band, Dcrve'd each iroo hand." were killed at"^ the first lers were thrown into he Indians fell like tigers hawked them in their der foot. The waggons recipice, nnd men and ng in one dismembered 'omo threw themselvc:. Pa LtB OpNrAOARA. 77 The Battlle from the bank, and fell mangled and dying on the rocks ; others lodged in the branches of the trees, where they remained, disabled, until the affray was over, when the savages at their leisure despatched them. The horror of the scene can be but faintly imagined. The quick report of the fusees, the yells of tho Indians, the bellowing of tho cattle, tho shrieks of the wounded and dying, mingled with tho monoton- ous roar of the surges of the Niagara, which rose Irom below as in mockery of the folly, the strife, and dying groans of men. ^%t;' 79 GuiOB TO THK Village 'f Lewtalon. Trb Villagb oy Levtiston. HB scenery presented from the top of the mountain overlook- ing Lewiston, is grand nnd picturesque ; before you and immediately under the moun- tain, lies the Village of Lewiston ; in the distance isseenthedeep blue waters of Ontario ; on the right are Farm Housrg nnd fertile fields ; and on your loft the broad Niagara, flowing on in deep and solemn grandeur, as if conscious of having presented one of the most grand and magnificent views on which mortal eye ever rested. Across the river, on Quoenston Heights is seen towering in ruins, yet in majesty, tho monument erected to the memory of Lieutenant Gen. Brock. The party approach Lewiston. The summer after the village was burnt, the prospeci all firound was like one extensive meadow. Nearly all the fences in the fields had been destroyed by our own troops at diflTereul times wbilo ■HMi TO THE LewlMon. Of Le W ISTON. nery presented from the the mountain overlook- ■ewiston, is grand ond ssquo ; before you and lately under the moun- illnge of Lewiston ; in in the deep blue waters of right are Farm Housrs ; and on your loA the on in deep and solemn us of having presented and magnificent views 'er rested. Across the )ights is seen towering in tio monument erected to lant Gen. Brock. Lewiston. The summer burnt, the prospecl all ensive meadow. Nearly Ids had been destroyed ,t different times wbilo F A L 1 8 B" Niagara. 70 Village of Lewiston. encamped there, or passing through ; but at the time it was burnt by the British, tho destruc- tion was general ; nothing was left that would burn ; and tho life of no creature was spared that could be destroyed. Not only the fields, but tho yards and street were covered with high grass and the prospect was lonely and melancholy in the extreme — not a living creature was to be seen. A spirit of wanton cruelty had caused the enemy to destroy all that they could not carry away. Little swarms of small yellow butterflies, flitting about above the tall g iss, marked the spot where tho carcass of some creature lay, where it had been shot down or perished. What scene can be more gloomy, than a country depopulated, and laid waste by the ravages of war. Lewiston, was in 190.5 named after Governor Lewis, of the state of New-York ; it was burnt ' in 1813 ; in 1815 the inhabitants returned and it is now a beriuliful and flourishin g village. iiiiiififf^'*^^''^'^'^^^'^^^ w m Guide to th Port Niagara. Fort Niagara. " Hoarse harked l!i(! woKj tlic vulture BcrcnmcJ aftr; The ange. Pity shunned the walks of war." I Ills fortress is in latitude 43 deg. 14 sec. N. In 1679, a smnll spot was, enclosed by paliisados, by M.Do Salle, an oflTicer in the service of France- In 1725, tho Fort v i built. In 1759 it was taken by the British, under Sir Wil- liam Johnson. The capture has been ascribed to treachery, though there is not known to bo any existing authority to prove tho charge. In 1796, it was surrendered to the United States. On the 19th December, ISIU, it was again taken by tho British, by surprise ; and in March, 1815, again surrendered to the Americans. This old fort is as much noted for enormity and crime, as for any good ever derived from it by the nation in oc- cupation. While in the hands of the French, there is no doubt of its having been, at times, TO THE Niagara. T A O A R A . i tlic vulture scrcamei] aflir: le walki of war." tress is in latitude 45 1 sec. N. In 1679, a spot was, enclosed by los, by M.De Salle, an in the service of F>ance- VI built. In 1759 it British, under Sir Wil- rhe cupluro has been cry, though there is not g authority to prove the 'as surrendered to the 19th December, 1813, le British, by surprise ; again surrendered to 5 old fort is as much nd crime, as for any it by the nation in oc- ) hands of the French, having been, at times, Falls of Niaoaha Fort Niagara. 81 used as a prison ; its close and impregnable dungeons, where light was not admitted, and where, remained for many years after, clear traces and a part of the ready instruments for execution or for murder. During the American Revolution, it was the head-quarters of all that was barbarous, unrelenting and cruel. There, civilized Europe revelled with savnge America; and ladies of refinement mingled with the society of those whoso only distinction was to wield the bloody '> -nahnwk and scalping-knifc. There ihesquawb -r ^p orest were raised to eminence and the most u-i tly unions between them and officers of the highest rank, smiled upon and countenanced. There in their stronc hold like a nest of vultures, securely, for ceven years, ''soy sallied forth and preyed upon !-. distant setile- ments on the Mohawk and Susq '.c> > ^ na. L v/Hi thedepotof their plurder; ther ney planed their forays, and there ttoy returned to feast until the hour of action came again. 1 JAUNT TO CANADA, IN THK VICINITY OF THB FALLS; V t S I T TO TIBLE EOCK&BROCK'S MONUMENT, WITH MOTIOC or THE SUSPENSION BRIDGE. A NAD A. " Princes nnd lords may floiirigli or inny fade, A brtiith ca : make tliem, as a brcaili has made, UiU a bold peasantry, ilieir coiinlry'a pride, When once destroyed, can i.evcr be supplied »' HAT portion portion of Upper Canada, designated as the pen- insula lying between lake On- tario and Ei io bounded cast on the Niagara river, and extend- ing west about one hundred and fifty miles, is one of the finest tracts of country in North America. The soil is ferlile, the climate salubrious, and the scenery bo au- CANADA, or TH£ FALLS ; ICK'S MOJiUMEA'T, > or TUB Nf BRIDGE. DA. iiriali or inny fade, m a breatli lins made, coutilry's pride, i.evcr be supplied »' rlion portion of Upper designated as the pen- 'ing between lake On- i El ic bounded cast on ;am river, and extend- lundred and fil'ty miles, t tracts of country in Phc soil is ferlile, the and the scenery be au- Falls op Niagara. ImiircMlon* nf Travellerf. liful. Boh- 1o8 being bounded on three «ide.' navign'^lo water communicalion, there alsf * over it miny fine sfro.ims and rivul '1 be Btato of improvement is very rospcctaule ; the V 'lolo tract is only equalled by Western Nc ' "lie ; whoso iiihabitnnts, in enterprise, fiiY ! rably in advance of those of Canada. Tli ilemeuls on the western side of the Niagara Rlvor.took place during and immediate- ly after the revolution. On the American side, except attiirco points, it commenced much later; and large tracts of tlio native forests are still rem.iining. The first settlors to this part of Canada, were from the northern and western borders of Pennsylvania and New York ; But- lers rangers, the followers of Sir J. Johnson and othors who profeirod tho paternal govern- ment of Groat Britain to tho republican institu- tions of the people. Tho proximity of the two countries, tho same knguage and similarity of pursuits, have so assimilated the inb.bitants, that a stranger, not knowing the polite il division, in passing from one to tho other uld still think himself among the same peopio. e If Guide to tub l;u*pcnslnn ilrid(C. SutPcnaioN Bridoe. « I HIS work was commonced in February 1848 by Chas. Ellet, Jr., of Philudolphia undor a contract previously entered into with " Tho Niagara Falls In- ternational Bridgo Company," of tho '^ State of N. Y. and " Tho Niagara Falls Suspension Bridgo Company" of Canada __ West, for constructing a Wire Suspension Bridge across the Niagara river, one and a half miks below the Falls. Tho first connection between the two shores was by flying a kite across tho gorge, and there- by spaning the river with a small string, by which a coi J was drawn over, and with that a ropp, and so on, until one of sufficient strength had been secured to each bank, to draw over an iron cable of 36 strands number 10 wire. Two small towers of 25 feet in height having been erected, one on each bank of the river, the wire cable before mentioned was hauled over it»MiiAmUmbmimtmStSiit ork was commenced in mry 1848 by Chas. Eliot, >f Philudolphifi andor a Id previously entered into Tlio Ningam Falls In- 3go Company," of the ind " The Niagara Falls go Company" of Canada uclinga Wire Suspension gara rivor, one ond a half n between the two shores icross the gorge, and there- with a small string, by (vn over, and with that a one of sufljcient strength ich bank, to draw over an ds number 10 wire. Two et in height having been h bank of the rivor, the ntioned was hauled over -}■ ^. ^. .o. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4 /. ^/ /. 'Si i^ ^ WJ. ^ 1.0 1^ 1^ III 2.2 I ■- IIM (UUU III '•« 1.4 1 1.6 I.I 1.25 4 6" ► V m ;,;> J^tM^J^ J '?» .fek- ..»" Hiotographic Sciences Corporation m 4^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 V s> CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microrepruductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Falls of Niagara. 87 Ciosaing in a Oaiket. the chasm, tho cable boing 1100 feot in length, and 800 feet span between the towers j and on the 13th of March, '48, Mr. Ellett, the contractor crossed in a car suspended from the cable ; im- mediately tho number of cables wore increased and a foot bridge three feet in ^yidth constructed. As soon as this frail structure was made passable very many persons were anxious to pass over, which was permitted by their paying twenty-fiva cents each to tho contractor. When this foot- way was properly secured, a similar plat- form was thrown over upon other cables on the opposite towers — the bridges being about forty feet apart — the basket cable in the centre. While this second platform was being carried over, a most terrific scene occurred — one that bufHes all description ; and never will those who witnessed it, be able to drive it from their recollection. The second bridge had been car- ried out about 250 feet over the bank on tho American side, and about 150 feet from the op- posite bank, when a tornado from the south west struck it, which instantaneously parted the un- finished structure near the tower, displacing tho cables, and for the instant all seemed lost. — ri 83 Guide to the Marrow Escape. There were six men at work upon the flooring of the bridge when the tornado struck it— two of which made their wny towards the shore upon broken fragments of boards in tn unac« countable manner— the structure oscelating with fearful velocity 60 feet over a fearful gulf of 230 feet in depth. The unfinished bridge was rent osunder in four places, leaving four men upon its extremity, 200 feet from shore, at the mercy of the gale, with but two strands of No. 10 wire to support them from a headlong plunge of 230 feet into the rapids beneath. As soon as the wind subsided, arnid pelting torrents of rain, the iron basket was let out, with one man, tak- ing with him a ladder, one end of which he placed upon the wreck, the other resting upon the basket, thus making a bridge over which tho men one by one passed, until they were all safely seated in the basket, which was drawn ashore and the adventurers safely landed with- out the least i*orsonal injury. The Bridge under Mr. EUet's ; supervision was progressing rapidly to completion, so that on the 26th, of July, six months from the com- mencement, the contractor drove two horses b \v C d P ti w h b t! 1; e P n V tl b b c d p c Falls of Niagara. 89 rHB upon the flooring do struck it— two towards the shore )ard3 in an unnc- turo oscelaling with a fearful gulf of nished bridge wos leaving four men from shore, at the two strands of No. n a headlong plunge sneath. As soon as ing torrents of rain, tvith one man, tak- end of which he other resting upon idgo over which the ntil they were all which was drawn safely landed with- 211et's ; supervision 3ompletion, so that mths from the com- r drove two horses Temportarjr Briilgo before a heavy coach, over and back, soon after which a disagreompnt took place between the Contractor and the Directoi-s, and tho work was discontinued. Tho present Bridge was erected merely as a preliminary scaflblding for the construction of tho main bridge — the bridge contracted for, was to bo built upon stone towers 70 feet in height — ten feet above and wholly independent of the present bridge, — the present structure bearing the same relation to the main one that the kite siring did to tho first cable ; consequent- ly all the fixtures were of such a character as economy would suggest — sufiicient f ■ A\ pur- poses contemplatoi as a preliminary structure — not required to stand to exceed eighteen months, when tho present cables was to be removed to the main structuf' ; it has the present season been materially strengthened, tho cables having been mada moro than double their former capacity, and a hoavy throe inch floor gives a degree of slilTnoss and security which it before wanted^ and tho structure is now a thoroughfare perfectly safe for all business purposes, and is capable of suataining two hundred ond fifty tons »ij a^m td tDmam lt' OtriDB TO THI The Bcenerjr, and has been adopted as il.e point of crossing for tho line of stages to Detroit, Sandwich, &;c. The floor or roadway of tho bridge is elevated above the water 230 feet. Depth of water un- der the bridge 250 feet. The scenery at this point is grand beyond description, tho Cataract above and the dashing Rapids below are in full view ; at the foot of the carriage way is the Steamboat lamiing, per- fectly secure and safe though but a short distance above the fearful rapids. r M I oint of crossing t, SaniUvicb, &c. bridge is elevated pth of water un- is grand beyond 3 and the dashing ; at the foot of iboat lamling, per- tut a short distance Falls of Niagara 01 Dciceiullug thcj^tiiiri. View From theStaiks. " Andlnrk ! t!ic biiRle'J mellow rtraiu From hill to ijll in ringing ; AnilfV(-ry Jifiiiyr, o'er llic plain, Thej'iyf nole Is bringing i Tlieengic from his cyry ilnrls, 'J'o hear ihc flyinj numbers i And echo, in her grotto, ttarti, Awakened from lier tlumlicrs.'' !iF, party of travellers are at the top of the bank, and commence the descent of iho long flight of stairs, or seat themselves in the cars to descend the bank, in order to cross the river. Tiiey stop at the foot of the stairs and enjoy a fine view of the Falls, and the river bjlow. Tho view extends about two miles, where the waters again break into billows, and whito with foam, seem to sink into some subterraneous cavern, as they disappear behind tho projecting cliffs. Inquiry is often made, " How was tho bank descended before the stairs were built !" ,*> H'l I'. Mia if BT" 03 G I D K TO First Kerry. lie The descent was made by monnsof the Indian ladder, half a milo fnrthor down llio river, tind here, by cling to the rocks and shrubs. Tho next imp^ovomsnt was a l;iddor, eighty loot long, placed nearly perpendicularly against tho ban!;; in tho last war, it was thrown down. Tho stairs that descended tho bank, wero built by Judge Porter. Tho first boat put on tho river nt this place, was by Gen. Parkhurst Wiiitney. lie built the first stairs down the bank and estab- lished the first ferry. Having arrived at the foot of the stairs, the very fine view of tho Falls whicli is there pre- sented, is noticed by the party. Tho boat is ready to receive them, and thuy aro soon float- ing over the convulsed and ogiialed waters. — Hoods, India rubbers, oil cloths and umbrellas are brought into requisition, to shield them from tho descenling nnist that gushes away from tho falling stream. Catlin's Cave is about a mile below, on tho American side. It can only be visited by going along the bottom of tho perpendicular bank, or near the water's edge. Travellers usually em- ploy tho ferryman to take them in a boit. Tho II B inns of the Indian n llio river, tind id shrubs. Tho .eighty foot long, igainsi iho bank; lown. ibank, wero built It put on tho river •khurst Wiiitncy. 10 bank and estab- ni tho stairs, the hich is thcro pre- ty. Tho boat is '.y nro soon float- igiialcd waters. — hs and umbrellas shield them from 03 away fro.ii tho ilo below, on tho bo visited by going ndicul.ir bank, or ellors usually om- n in a boat. Tho Falls opNtaoara. 93 llcndcr'i Cnvo. cave ii about twenty fret in circumference, or about tho size of a baker's largo oven ; and tho entranco just big enough to aduiit tho body of a man. When discovered, it was filled with beautiful stalaotitos ; but they have boen all re- moved. Around tho cavo uro largo quantities of petrified moss, and springs of water gush out nbovo and at tho sides of tlio cavo, in a peculiar and beautiful manner. Bonder's Cavo is ou tho Canada 'ddo, a littlo further down than Catlin's. h is about twenty loot from sido to side, and higli enough for per- sons to stand erect in. To persons of leisure, both caves arc worth visiting and afford a pleas- ant excursion. Before tho bridge to Iris Island was built, par- ties used to visit tho lower cud with boats, by passing up botwoen tho two sheets of water ; somo are still very fond of making tho trip, as they pass very close to tho Fulls, which is to many very interesting. Tliis can now bo very safely and pleasantly done on a small steamboat called tho " Maid of tho Mist;" which leaves from tho ferry about ono and a half miles below m M Guide to tub Vle«r from the Blver. iho Falls, running up to iho very base and land- ing on the Canada sido. Carsloavo iho Falls for tho Maid of tho Mi^t and Su3|)onsion Uridgo hourly p:issing directly along tho bank of iho River, where tho Vi.-itor !ia3 a 8oric9 of tho grandest views of tho per- pendicular Lmiks, tho River, Bridge, nnd both tho Amoricfin nnd Groat Ilorao Shoo Falls, nnd free from hoai nnd dust. Faro each wny 61 Cents I Usually, visitors nro greatly delighted with tho view of tho Falls which is obtained in cros- •ing the ferry. Towards tho center of the river, the mist is dispollod, ani tho proipoot of the im- monse body of ruling wator is unobscured by" HE y baso and land- laid of iho Mist passing directly 'liero llio Vifllor ows of iho per- iridgo, nnd both Shoo Falls, nnd aro each way 6 1 V delighted with obtained in cros- enter of the river, 03p92t of the im- is unobscured by' Falls op Niagara 05 Britlih Bid*. nny intervening object. Tlio whole sublimity of tlic scono is displayed. Beside this, the eddies aro Birong, l!io waters danco round the l)ont ns it rocks nnd bounds along, and somo of tiio obtrusive waves dash over upon liio passengers. The ladies bccomo alarmed j but tiioy hardly have time to inquire if ihoro is not danjor, be- fore the dashiii^^ of tlia waves hai coasod, tho boat glides sniootlily over subdued and dead swells, and soon reaches the Canada shore. Tho passengers stop forili upon tiio rocks that lino the shore. Tho mighty cataract is pouring its oco.in of waters before them ; but, if tliey are Americans, it has ceased to be tho only curiosity, and their attention is called to persons and characlors. They are in the dominions of lier Imperial Majesty Queen Victoria, and the feelings of the mind give to ovory object around a new and unfamiliar teint. MiiHI r Guide to tii« Cimon'Vlllig*. Village oirCtirTOK. HIS villngo comprises n fino jilot on llio (iist and second rise of bnd nbovo tlio ferry. Th'j road loading from tlio rivor to Drumniondvillo passes through Clifton IIouso, stiinds, just nt tho head of tlio hill from tho ferry. The party proceed along tho bank of tho river until tlioy conio near a houso contain- ing a Camera Oiscani, which bcaliftilly reflects tlio Falls. Proceeding further, Mr. Darnel's Museum attracts thoir attention. Oil cloth dresses for passing under tho siioet of water ut Tabic Rock, ona bo obtained tliorc. •II R IFTOK. lomprises n fine St and second rise 9 llio ferry. Tli-j from tlio rivor to llo passes through , just at Iho head 1- ong llio bank of r a houso conlnin- iboatifully reflects narnel'a Museum cloth dressefl for iter at Tabic Rock, Falli or NiAOAiiA ~ ~ TUil* Boek. ©7 Table Rock. " And mill Willi jniir.il like hnomlng rc»' I'rnin (li^liiiit tliiiiiilcr riven, Knrth, from mil the ilurli iihym '1 he rutliiii^ nirt'iini m dcivi'ii," i.TiioiJOH mucli of this rock hns fulloii from time to time, wiiliin tho memory of maiiy'yet living, still it projects some forty or fifty foot over tho bank.- — Tlirough n considerable portion of it runs awido and deep fissure, evidencing that it will not bo many years before tlio outer portion will bo launched below. Some years since, tho person who kept tho wind- ing stairs, at Tablo Rock, gave notice that on a certain day, (it was on tho occasion of one of tho vessels going over tho Falls,) he should put a number of kogs of powder in the fissure of tho rock and blow it olf. It was expected that it would make a tremendous crash. But the ffenllcmen who owned tho principal interest in 1 98 Guide TO the Bemarks of Travellers. the privilege, would not allow it to be done, as it would put an end to the charm of the place— the visit under the sheet of water. Traveller.—" If the rock is safe, the gentle- men did right in preserving it ; but if it hangsr, jeopardising the life of human beings, it ought to bo blown off." Guide. — " VVo are now on it, and you must judge for yourself." Traveller. — " It may stand for half a century, or may give way while we are talking about it. It has, no doubt, too dangerous a look for a man to think of building a residence on, yet for a Niagara Falls enthasiast, and I have boih seen and heard of such, it is just the spot." THE it to be done, as it of the place — the 3 sare, the gentle- ; but if it hangs, I beings, it ought it, and you must for half a century, re talking about it. IS a look for a man 100 on, yot for a I I have boih seen 10 spot." Falls op Niagara 00 Tassing under Tabic R J. Many por.-ons ou!(] render hintr to tho rnpid;ii lio ng'>n hox, whicli mcr iho Falls. Falls op Niagara. 105 Uuntli of Ur. Iluiigcrrord. Death of Doct. IIunoerford. " oil (Icalli ! stern tyrnnt of our fleeting houri. In ttioionnil sli.ipca lime: triek'sl lliirie nnllc powcri v Youth, inmilioo I, :i,'c nri' all nliko l(> thee ; Creation beniU beneuili lliy stern ilecrcc." I UMEROUS narrow escapes, anti Iscrious accidents have occured around the Falls ; but at length it has bucoine the painful duty I of tho analist to record an incident of a now and fatal character. Since th& first discovery ot those profoundly in- teresting yet fearful scenes, visitors have with impunity rambled above and beneath tho overhanging rocks ; and though tho danger was evident to the eye, no accident had happened, no event had taken place to warn them of the hazard tof which they were exposed. About ten o'clock in tho forenoon of the twen- ly.sevenlh. of May, 1830, Doctor Ilungerford, of Troy, N. Y. with Mr. Nile, of Columbus, O. •f 106 Guide to tub l-'nlling of llic Rock«. nnd Mr. Lindsoy, their guido, were viewing iho rivor and Fnlls, near Ingraham'a cavo, below the point of Iris Island. Doct. Ilungorford was standing between the guiJa and Mr. Nile. After looking awhilo upon the scene, the guido concluded that all had been soon at that point in- teresting to tlio travcllors, and remarked that llioy would now go to another place. At llml instant, ho saw the air fjllcd with earth, nnd fal- ling stones ; all endeavor jd to spring asido .— Doct. Ilungprf^rJ fell. Mr. Lindaey inimcdi- ntoly raised liim, and, w!ti> t!io assistance of Mr. Nile, boro him to a more secure placo. They were not at first nwaro of tho fatal injury ho ha* recoivcd. The rocks had strudi him on tho back of tho head, and on his neck and Bhonldcrs. IIo brcaihod but a few times, end expired witliout a groan or tho least convulsive motion. Mr. Lindscy, too, received several Bovoro contusions, and had his coat and panta- loona torn, but did not notice his own bruisei until Bonio time after, « ' "jAUJJ i iB l Ji iii It B ero viewing iho 'a cavo, below ct. Ilungorrord and Mr. Nilo. iccno, tho guide I fit that point in- ronmikcd tiint place. At that ih earth, nnd fal- Kjjring nsido. — Liiudacy imniodi- \3sistauco of Mr. re phico. Thoy fatal injury ho struck liim on 1 his neck and few times, tnd least convulsive received several coat nnd panta- his own bruisei Falls or Niaoaha 107 Ucalli of Mill KiiBg. Death op Miss MarthaK. Ruoo. HE 2ad day of August, 1844, I\lis3 Marllm K. Rugg, of Lnn- castcr, Mass., arrived at Buffa- lo in company with an elderly gentleman of Detroit, in whose care Miss Uugg, was placed to accompany her on a visit to a sister living in Detroit. While at Bufiulo thoy turned asido from tho regular routo to Detroit, to visit tha Falls. Thoy reached tho Falls on the morning of tho 21th of August and started immediately for Tablo Rock, on tho Canada side of the Falls. On their way thither, as thoy were pas- sing near tho bank, about fifty rods below the Museum, Miss Uugg left the arm of tho gentle- man in company, and stepped to tho edgo of the bank to pluck some evergreens, when tho earth slipped from under her, and she was precipitated ono hundred and fifteen feet perpendicular, upon a bed of rocks : a horrid shriek from the un- fortunate girl — a grasp from her protector iiv,iii .1 -mriiiiittiTirvrifi which caught iho shawl from tho shoulders of tho sufforor, and nil was over ! Horror seized upon every bolioldor : the unhappy nowa spread liko tho wind, and tho wliolo noighborhood flow to Ihoir nssiatanco. Fortunately, a physician, I>r. G. A. Sturgis, of New York city, on a visit to tho Falls in company with a friend from Black Rock happened to bo in tlio Museum at tho timo of tho accident { ho, with many others descended the stairs at Table Rock, and passing ovor rocks, fallen codars.and tangled underbrush, for one-fourth of a mile, they readied the fatal spot whero lay tho fair saflerer, and strange to say, upon the points of crnggod rocks alivo. At first sho appeared to bo dying, but upon Dr. Sturgis bleeding her, sliocamo to her senses — apoko to tliose who had como to her assistance^ saying, " Pick me up," which was instantly done, and conveyed in their arms over tlio rough path to a boat, which had been brougiit for tho purpose, by the ferry-man, into which she wn» placed tind landed at tho ferry landing, and from thenco conveyed to the Clifkon House. — Sho lived three hours from tho time of the acci- dent, having her reason ta the laaU D i ai Ct to ol o C( ir tc rue Ihu sliouldors of Horror seized xppy no\v3 spread oighborhood flew ly, n physician, York city, on a villi n friend from tiio Museum at witli many others loclc, and passing iiglod underbrush, readied the fatal r, and strange to »go Fall* orNiAnARA. 109 Tlii'l nm /eri.lriit Dkath op Ma. Addinoton ako M I B 8 1 ) F, F O n K H T . r nil tho ncciilcnts that ever , iiHMii '■•■pi'^"^'^ nt tiio Palis, ono fk ^»S'^>W which occurcd Jim'! 2lst, 1B49 \i probably tho most lioirt ^ rriiJing — wliothcr in view of >fi tho yniiih,. cli;iraclcr nnd hopes of tho two ^Y{?o' ynviriE' pcr>oiu whoro awful falo many 'jjj are called to mourn, or in ltd clfpct upon fn tho bereaved relnlivc-i. No event lias occured at NingaraFalU that cawRcd BUfdi a fooling of real distress, grief and srrruw an iliis, nnd in giving tho fact, connected lliorowitii, wo cannot do better than to adopt iho language of Miss Urnwn, daughter of Gen. Hiowu of Toledo, Ohio, who wns ono of the parly, and who wroto tho following ac- count of tho accident to her parmts tho follow- ing day. After prefnceing it in a very feeling manner to her parents Miss Drown, says. «' Our party 1 wMMJUiiiiiiil no O vt o n TO Ti(» lU'i.ih 1 ( »lr ,\ilfiiiiuii'ii look loiv wiili MiH. Mr. UoiiRor; ul'ior which wo slartcd for iho Islnml. Wo wore joined at Uio Cataract Mouao 1»> Messrs. Dennis Dowcn, Mills and Adiliiigloii ; Mr. DoForo.il Imd bu.si- noss at the Bridgo, niid Dr. C. look liiin dovn In his oarrlnge. Wo procroded lo Gont Islru"! whoroMra. Dcl-'orofit Mrs. Miller nnd AFr-Howen being faligncd, sat down on soninsfnt ,'.< iihori consisting ol' Mnry Millor, K'lio DoForcst, Mr. Mills, Mr. Addington, Clinrlcs nnd iicman Do- Forcst, Abby Mdlnr, NrrriK Di.I'orest nnd myself, jirocct'ltd to liiinar ishind. Wo frolick- ed about somctimo, nnd rested on a beautiful grocnswnrd tliirty fool ^.[Uiro, nnd wore just about starting for tlio nviin island when Adding- ton cnnght Nolly in his arms, and gave hora playful toss ovor tlio cdgo if llio bank wo woro on — thai Ib, ho swung her out to frighten her — vhon ho lostlii-( liiiianco, and ihoy fell into tiio river, about 20 feet from tho edgn of tho Ameri- can fall. Tlio w.Unr was shallow but tho stone.", woro worn bo Kiuooth that it was impossiblo to obtain n footing particularly where tho groat forco of tho water Bwopt by so swiftly. Ilo •Irugglud bravely, with hor in his orms— once h( bt th ni ^ D ti «1 1( d I n u V c I li r t t I (* III iri iil'ior which I woro joined at Dennis Bowcn, •'orost had bus!- look ill in dovn I lo (lont Islnid rnnd Mr. Bowcn tsmi ,1' 1 i);hor« I )(! Forest, Mr. 1 mill Neman De- DiJ'oREBT nnd iiid. Wo frolick- on a beautiful , nnd wore just nil vviirn AddinfT- find gnvo hor a 10 bank wo woro lo frighten her — thoy fell into the Igrs of the Amori- ■jw but tho slono.«, •n» impossiblo to whore iho grrat so swiftly, lie » his arms — onc» F A t. I. H 1) r Niagara. Ill litfutlinr Mla> ltt ;ird our i-lirKKM. nnd ncnt Mr. Bowen to ic. Iio renchttl the opening just in time to Bcc U ( m go over Oh ! Cud, mny I be ipnrcd nny ni ,10 fiiK'h t^ci nfh. 'iho pnrty hnd loft tiio Hp'-t «lien 1 iiirnrd liom tho water. It wns 8 o'e.'oi l> in iii<> csciiing — llic woods were dark nnd gl'i'Mnv-. 1 hooii overlook ihcm,Chnrly. llcmnn nn' Kn'o. ir)ing lo explain lo their motlior tho <'iri'«iii4.incis which bIio could not undersinnd (<•( ^'•"■■•r citing. Mrs. DcForesl would wall'. l)-ck lo iho liuusc, as there wni no conveyance n-ir. (n.d slf almost fainted nl every stoii. ^^ ■ • ''^ •''f"' inimcdiatoly to Mr. DoForesi, wh., .n » d in n few mt:>m(nts after her. Wo went ill l>r. Conger's and spent the night. It i^ M.f the Uoilltg. down upon tliosio [)i-ocioiis bodies, all regardless of ihe agony tlicy wore causing. A .search was begun lliis morning at lliroe, and conlinucd until six, at whicli hour iho cars loft for Duflalo, and as no trace was found of iliom it was thought best foi the family to return, which wo did, and arrived iiorc at nigli!. Dr. Conger had the search kept up with a party of men, in the cave of the windi and by the Btcamor below. About 2 o'clock Mr. DoForest received a despatch saying tlio child was rocov- cred — oho wis brought up by a party from tha falls, and h now lying in the Parlor. It seems fiho was found lodged in a roclt — her head and shoulders struck first ; skull fractured and arm dislocated and broken, most of her brains were washed out, one .stocking only was left on her foot. Dr. Congor, wiih groat difliculty arrang- od her arms, and sowed up and patched tho akin on her faco, so that she looks natural. Tho body of Mr. Addington was recovered a few days after tho accident,and interred at Niag- ara Falls. 1 H G a. s, all regardless ;. A .search was d coiUinucd until for Buffalo, and it wns thought lio'.i wo did, and licpt up with a •.viiuli and by tho ck Mr. DoForcst cliild was rocov- party 'Vom the 'arlor. It sconia — !»or hoftd and acturcd and arm her brains wera wns left on her difficulty arrang. patched the skin atural. I was recovered a interred at Niag- 1 f'i ,f-i -M IMi^.'^m .m ^ " VimUt MzpcBM b«tt« thu tlw ilow ahUUng." IF YOU WOULD BUY BOOKS & STATIONERY BB 8URB TO PUROBASB AT CHEAP BOOKSTORE, Under the Jltaneion Mouee, BUFFALO. FEDItABS, AND OTHERS CAR BK BUPPLISD AT THIS BSTABUSnMINT AT LOWER RATESf TRAir BT AHI OTBSH HODW WXST OF nW TOKZ. Everythiflir Sold »t New York Prices. Main Street, BufUo, N. Y. WJierc and i ! Grahan fiodey'i Union Columlj El Edlnbu Blackn I^niloti \Ve»t 1 Ijonilor Literar Home Police Bclenll Taylor' s Yankei irncle Star S riiot. Beaii UOM, and pi loweat i.d,..tiiliiliaiilifc»tli i ift i ii> » m ii »i i i" i«iiM i»lii% i i i f'*"'"'' '' "'"'** \h» flow BhUUng." D BUY riONERY 3HABB AT [STORE, Nt M§a*t»e, ). OTBEBS STABLISaHIHT AT TESf EST or mew torx. r York Prices. Uo, U. Y. ANDREW BURKE'S WHOLESALE BOOK, NEWSPAPER AND PERIODICAL ESTABLISHMENT, MANSION HOUSE, BUFPAI/), N. Y. Where may always be (bund, In advance of any other lioiue, and at I'uWlihen' lowest wliolcsale prlcci, all the rogtUar iMuea of Europe and America, embracing— AMERICAN STANDARD SERIALS Grabam'ii Magazlnet Godey's LndyMi Book; Union Mngar.iae. Columbiaa Magaxine; Knickerbocker MagaKine; Uolden'a Dollar Magazine; Nineteenth Century; Jiadieii' Mattomil Miigozine; Eaglish Magazines and Newspapers. Edinburgh Kevlew; Illurtrated London NewBi Blaekwood'i Magazine; London Puneh; I^ndon Art Unions Bell'a Life; West Minister Review; Worth Bntlsli Heclews lAindon Quarterly Review. imerlcaa WeelilT Newspapers. Nkw York. Weekly Yankee; Flag of' the Free; PIct. Bfo. Jonatliani Thompson's Bank Note List; Literary World; Home Journal; Police Gar^itte; Scienllfie American; Taylor's Bank Reporter, BOSTOH. Yankee Blade; Uncle Sam ; Flag of our Union ; Star Spangled Banner; PUot. Besides the above, all the new books, and other Publkta- tk>ns. of Europe and Amnrlea, received, as soon as Mued, ' and put up, packed, and forwarded, to order, at publishers' ^^' A. BURKE, tHantian Unt, BUFFALO. PuiI.ADKI.rHIA. Courier ; Post ; Meal's Gazelle. .-■ gni . ii r. « . i i ' r -i ir . i i w»nl'rmll i i rii ri ll lil i v Urmml i fil'i't i ^ i i - I Niugaiia Falls from IJuacr Table Rock rTa!>le Kock