^^;*v *.v ^14 m // 7 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) Phc*ographic Sdraices CorporatiQn r CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/iCIVIH Collection de mi Caradton ImtitMW for HiMorical MIcroraproductiora / Inltlnit canadim da microraproductiora hiatoriquaa 1 *V (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the aymbol V (meaning "END"), whichever appliaa. Las exemplairas originaux dont la couverture en papier est ImprimAe sont f ilmto en commen^ant par la premier plat at an terminant soit par la darnlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ciu d'illustration, soit par la second plat, selon le cas. Tous las autras axempiairea originaux sont filmte an commen^ant par la pramiAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration at en terminant par la darnlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la darniAre image de chaque microfiche, selon le caa: le symbols -^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". ire Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many framea aa required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartas, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmA« A d«s f»t'ji'^ Je ittdvction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trco grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est filmA il partir de I'angle aupAriaur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de heut en bas, en prenant la nombra d'imagas nAcessaira. Les diagram mas suivants illustrent la mAthoda. by errata led to snt jne pelure, fapon A 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 BLOCK SIGNALS ON THE NEW YORK CENTRAL. An exquisite little volume of 64 pages, printed in five colors, and giving a most entertaining account of the principles of railroad signaling, and the applica- tion of the most per- fected devices along the line of the New York Central The text is by Mr. John P. ODonnell, the distinguished English ex- pert, who is in a position to speak with authority upon signaling subjects. Illustrations are abund- ant, and beside adding interest to the reading matter, they record the stages in the develop- ment of block signals to such an extent as to give value to the book for reference by the tech- ■uaU nician. It is believed that this, the latest of railway safety appliances, has never before been so thoroughly and comprehensively described and illustrated as in this book. A copy will be sent free, post-paid, to any address, on receipt of a 2-cent stamp, by George H. Daniels, General Passenger Agent, Grand Central Station, New York. .. ; ! 't RAL. printed in account of e applica- most per- along the lew York is by Mr. nnell, the English ex- I a position I authority g subjects, re abund- de adding le reading record the ; develop- : signals to t as to give book for the tech- s believed iances, has rchehsively ny address, H. Daniels, ation, New ! s fe; ^ ^^W^' Bi»er Hiaifigo -" Niog"""" River -r— '?rm (0 K u z IB u IH u j9 3 #1 ..■^ .n ;;:♦^^■■ '5r-..«£^ i^X^- >* 5f ^* ./*■ *^ XT ^r'*Jj :'">ji ^^! -;• t^c iM •>;, rv-f INFORMATION K^K«r ohtaliMHl f r..m ony of the foUowliiK »m«* or wnlH . W. 1'. lii.;i'l-K„ A«t (I....1 I Wr A«....l, " Hilt ►;...r IfmU. ,''';„, C" •;• i: •,;;:r?ti''i;r^r;;:i.;;.r:f'w •■ c Kiiu..i..;ut;;";: ,:::v..'i;;.nnML ? 1: ;r ^A^:r.^r A»f N.^^::^SK:i^K::; II. A. TllOM AH. l>Wrl.t l'.i««.ninr Auti.t »« >^« n mm j K. II. H1H.MKH, HtatlonTUk.t Apit .u M.'.mV« Wrwt (lenev». F. MlllStiN. HtnlloiiTlcki't AiP'iit ' „ ,^ M. W. CAMl-IIKIX, malluiiTI-liot AKriit „ , II. I. KAV, City Thkot AiKnt, Itaw's II..I.-I. -^ A. KIIHAINAIU), DiHlrl.tl-iuw.niK'r Agent *]^» M. TA VI.OK, Htntliiii Tlikft Aui'iil ,j ' r. II. M ANHH, Walloii TLki't ARi'iit (toiMiBlnint! N. Y. (.KO.W.imAmi. City Ticket AKint ^ ,Cl * S Y II K. DKWEY, Station Ticket Agent .....t layim^j^ 111 BiMiway, ■«» C^tarSlrwrt. 2S UilM S^Mft. Wirt, jMf Uf* St. -NEW YORK. tu M W««t IMh Sifjji. ^ ■An Stfwt Stjll««, -***_. OnM4 CMtnU SiallM, tU Stmt. JM FaltM StrMt. BROOKLYN. 7M FaUM Slnd. * o'eifl Wentorn ^"aiw'r Agent, IM Monroe St., Chicago. '^'«J-0^a=iS,„t. Albany. H. D. CARTER, , „ . „„ „ „ (lenerol Agent, Halono, N. ». ERWIN TEARS, Western Paiwenirer Agent, lilt nth St., Denver, * m Bwa«w ay. E. j. **• *^be^utSt*?;nP«-r Agent. 413 Broadway, Now York. "^(S?i^f l^t!sS M'aln St., Butolo °- *^"«?l&?^Wt«rto*n, N. Y. *=-*^*^c%o.rt Agent. , 10 Montgomery Bt., San !• ranelico. Aatv '(.u .1.., ."-..--•. I — EI RICHARDS. Assistant Beneral PasMnger Agent, . J. Kiv^niuu/^. unuid Central Hlatloi.. New York AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY, OfNCflAl lUaOFtAH AOINTt. „ ilWaitflaaPI.(l>«UMall)- I PAHI8. « Raa Halrry- LONDON, ^,,,^LMwMKrM* •* r IN TWO DAYS ♦ - at Niagara Fafls ? Arriving on the NEW YORK CENTRAL & HUDSON RIVERl R Al I.ROA D you are within a few blocks of the great t'allj. You can walk | in a very few minutes to any hotel in town. ^ GO FIRST TO YOUR HOTEL, arrangi; for your accommodation!, I that they may be all ready for you on your return. Don't listen to | the importunities of hack drivers to drive you all around for a small sum. You will be sorry if you do. Others have tried it. If you want to drive, | secure one of the Miller & Brundage carriages, and you will not be over- charged. Here is a suggestion fur your FIRST DAY'S TRIP. MORNINO.— W'i/* about Prospect Park and cross the bridge to I Goat Island : thence to Luna Island, the Three Sister Islands, etc.. etc. f Our map will show you just where to go. L AFTERNOON.— OriW or Walk over New Steel Arch Bridge to I Canada, Dufferin Islands, and obtain panoramic view from the top of I the hill back of the Canadian Free Park. And this fur the SECOND DAY. MORNINQ.— Take the Observation Train on the New York I Cbntkal— trains leave every hour— riding in cars open on the river I side for seven miles, through the wonderful caiion of the Niagara I Kiver — a series of views unequaled for grandeur and beauty elsewhere | in the world. A steamer runs from Lewiston, the foot of the Rapids, ] to Niagara-on-the-Ij»ke, the mouth of the River, giving foiirteen I miles' sail, affording views of Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights, 1 Fort Niagara and other historic points: or, if preferred, you can take | the Electric Railway, running between Lewiston and Youngstown, a delightful trip of seven miles, affording opportunity to visit the various j points of interest, if desired. The Niagara Falls Park & River Rail- way crosses the New Steel Arch Bridge, and from its cars can be had the best possible views from the C^anadian side of the rapids above the Falls, the Falls themselves, the Whirlpool Rapids, the Whirlpool and the Clorge. This line runs along the brink of the river for twelve miles and passes through the Canadian Park, the Dufferin Islands, the towns of Chippewa, Clifton and Queenston, and the battlefields of I Queenston Heights and Chippewa. AFTERNOON.— Wa/* again to Prospect Park and take the Inclined Railway down the bank to the "' Maid of the Mist" landing, then take the boat — it is considered perfectly safe, an accident never having occurred — and you will obtain an adequate idea of the awfill power and grandeur of the matchless cataract. HAVING PASSED TWO DAYS, you are now ready to appreciate the fact that TEN rather than two days will be too short to worthily sec the wonders of Niagara; in fact, you have only glanced at Niagara. To know its real grandeur and beauty you must study it, and that takes lime. See ^ "* AYS ira Fafls ? RAL & HUDSON RIVER the lireat Kalla. You can walk ng(! fur your accommodationtp 1 your return. Don't listen to ou all around for a small sum. ried it. If yuu want to drive, ges, and you will not be over- P. 't Park and cross the bridge to lie Three Sister Islands, etc., etc. go- over New Steel Arch Bridge to panoramic view from the top of rk. lion Train on the New York ■ riding in cars open on the river wonderful canon of the Niagara >r grandeur and beauty elsewheia ^wiston, the foot of the Rapid*, of the River, giving fourteen Monument, Queenston Height!, ti; or, if preferred, you can take !n Lewiston and Vuungstown, a ig opporlunily to visit the various liagara Falls Park & River Rail- Ige, and from its car* can be liad idian side of the rapids above the Ipool Rapids, the Whirlpool and he brink of the river for twelve in Park, the DufTerin Islands, the leeiuton, and the battlefields of I Prospect Park and take tha he " Maid of the Mist " landing, perfectly safe, an accident never in an adequate idea of the awAil I cataract. are now ready to appreciate the will be too short to worthily sec e only glanced at Niagara. To It study it, and that take* time. r What Wai It Cost Me To Sec Niagara Falb ? Here it what it will cart the fint day t MORNING — When you walk to Prospect Point and aboutj ~"~~~~~~~ Goat Island you behold and visit the follow- ing: PMtpect Paric, I American FaU, Sida View, American Rapids, Front view, — — Goat Uand Bridge, BathUand, Bath Uand Bridge, LttMtFall, LtmaUand, Biddlc StaircaMt HorMihoc Fall, Bide view, Terrapin Point, Hcrmif f Caicadc, ^==== Uand Bridges, Three Sister Uands, Little Brother Uand. THIS IS THB IMPERIAL GIFT OF THE EMPIRE STATE TO MANKIND. Your morning's pleasure has not cost you one cent 1 You can then walk or ride to the Canadian side over the new Steel Arch Bridge for 15 cents for the round trip, over and back, and walk or ride through Canadian Free Park, which is called "Queen Vic- toria Jubilee Park." Here ^re some of the views you will have a chance to enjoy : And All These Are Absolutely Free! American Fall* Front View, H-WSeshoe Fall, Front view, rfi0>»Aimft Rapids, Front View, Rambler^ Rtst, InapiratioB Point, SpUtRock, Rainbow Ramble, The Flower Gardens, Recreation Lawn, Table Rock. All These Are Also Absolutely Free! tMe hcflntcUyi Aspect Point and about lold and visit the follow And All These Are Absolutely Free! GIFT OF THE MANKIND. it cost you one cent 1 to the Canadian side e for 15 cents for the walk or ride through called "Queen Vic- e some of the views All These Are Also Absolutely Free! TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. ■ 9 " The enormnin flow of the pure water of I^ke Erie over ihe great Kall» keeps the air of Niagam pnr' , . o an'i healthful and make, it '.nc of the .nn,t clenlrahle of all the American health and pleasure resorts."— flwy"/" /-r/rw*. The small fees charged to points of inter- est other than those heretofore named, con- sidering the convenience and protection afforded, seem to be just and reasonable. The ap[)ended list will show ordinary charges : Cave of the Winds (doat Island), including guide and suit, *'■"" Inclined Railway ( Prospect Park), round trip, -lU Tower (op,x,site Pros,>ect Park ), ilOO feet high, .26 Davis' Museiun, . • • •■•'.,',', Round trip on Steamer " Maid of the Mist (landing in Pn)si)ect Park), including ^ robber suit r^ „ " /. " New Steel Arch Bridge, Niagara Falls to Can- ada and return, walk or ride in electric car, one person or. One person, with carriage, . . . , ■ -^^ Two or more persons, with carriage ( each ) .10 Hydraulic Elevator (at Horseshoe Fall, Cana- ^ dianside), / " ' Railway Steel Arch Bridge and return ( no car- ^^ riage toll), ,'„.,' ' Whirlpool Rapids Park, Inclined Railway, Canadian side, ; • • Whirlpool Rapids Park Elevator (American ^ side), ,". .J r Inclined Railway (Canada side) to " Maid of the Mist" landing and return »" Niagara Go^e and Lewiston on New York Central Observation Train, giving splen- did view of the Niagara Gorge and Whirlpool Rapids below the Falls, for the round trip from Niagara Falls to Lewiston and return • • Same trip, including ride on steamer from foci of the Rapids to Niagara-on the- Lake and return, 14 miles' sail on the river, giving views of Brock's Monument, Queeiiston Heights, Fort Niagara and other historic places, from Niagara Falls and return You can obtain all the most desirable views of the Falls without any extra expense whatever. .,, r 10 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. The ihoughM are tlrange that crowd into my brain While I look upward to lhc<. It would Kcm Ai if ftud power'd thee rrnm His " hollow hand " And hung Hit bow ujion thine awful front. And spoke in thai loud voice which weni'd to Him Who dwelt in Palmoe for hiii Saviour'* take The sound of many waters, and had bade Thy fliHid to chronicle the ages back And notch Hit cent'riei in the eternal rocki. —J. (,'. C. Hrainard. THE FALLS OF NIAGARA. The Niagara River extends from I^ke Erie to Lake Ontario, a distance of thirty I '*!•; ■OCK OP AGIS, NIAGARA FALLS— ON TH« NEW YORK CENTRAL. miles. It receives the waters of all the upper lakes — Erie, St. Clair, Huron, Mich- igan, Superior, and a number of smaller ones. From its source, at Buffalo, to its outlet into Lake Ontario, at Fort Niagara, it has a total descent of 339 feet, but the greater part of the fall occurs within a dis- tance of seven or eight miles, beginning with the rapids, two miles above the falls. lis. o my brain Kcm >w hand " nt, n'd to Him Ic icki. C ttraiMard. &ARA. from I^ke ce of thirty W YORK CBNTIIAL. \ of all the luron, Mich- r of smaller ufTalo, to its 'ort Niagara, feet, but the vithin a dis- s, beginning )ve the falls, TWO DAVS AT NIAtlARA FALLS. tl •• The great feature, nf Niagam y.m will finci ever the «urne b,.t their individual expre„i,m 1, . onstamly .han«lnK. W h everv season, with every sunlieain. with every shade, triey alsttme a different appearanc, inspire a IVesh in,er«.. and e.ac. a new admiration." which received their name — Niagara mean- ing the "thunder of waters"— from the American Indians. The roar of the falls, under favorable circumstances, may be heard at a distance of fifteen miles. There are three distinct falls : The Horse- shoe Fall — so called from its crescent shai)e. It is by far the largest, and is in the direct course of the river. It is 2,000 feet wide and 154 feet high. The Amerit an Fall is 600 feet, and the Central Fall 243 feet, wide, ea<;h having a descent of 164 feet. The water (lows on ijerjietiially the same, full and clear. Neither the snows of winter nor the evaiwration of summer, neither rains nor drought, materially affect it — ex. epting that al>out once in every seven years there is a gradual rise and" fall, which is attributed to some undisc:overed disturbance that affects inVg H^ric This wonderful cataract is 448 miles from New York, within a single day's journey, and is reached most directly by the New York Central Railroad, of which it forms the western terminus. Niagara Falls are located in what is known as the Mile Strip — a strip of land one mile in width along the whole land length of the American bank of the TITLES. Niagara River, reserved by the State of New York in its early sales, and sold by the State about 1800. According to the State divisions, there were 107 lots in this strip, lot No. 42 being located at the Falls. 12 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FAI.IJ. The tylvnn pcrftime, the Ksyety of the timthine, the mild- nc« nf iht brMit lh*t mirrecl ihe leaven overhead, and Ih* blrd-ningiiiK thai niadt it»eir felt amid the mar of the rapidt, and Ihe nolenin, im cMnnl phtnite of the intaract, moved their hearts and nmde thciii children with the hoy and the ||irl who •liHid henidc ihum,— who Mmni fur a moment and then hrnke into Joyful WDiulcr.— /('. /). Hoivfi/t in " S'iasara RrfUittH." After the freedom of the United States had been recognized, a dispute arose as to who should own that fxirt of Western New York lying West of Seneca I-ake. Com- LAND missioners finally gave New Yorlc ' PURCHASES, the jurisdiction and Massachu- setts the ownership. The land was first sold to Phelps & Gorham, and as they failed to fulfill their agreement, Robert Morris acquired it, and afterwards sold the Western part to the Holland I^nd Com- pany, though the Mile Strip was not in- cluded in any of the above sales. The part purchased by the company is known as the Holland Land Purchase. Few who visit Niagara Falls and see In- dian men and women offering trinkets and INDIAN ornaments for sale, know that RESERVATION, but a few miles distant is an Indian reservation, inhabited by one of the Iroquois tribes, and governed by a council of chiefs. It is located three miles from Lewiston, below the falls, on the Niagara River, and contains aliout 500 Indians. There are fine looking farms, and the culti- vation of the land is careful and systematic. The houses are well built, and prosperity and comfort abound. Nearly every tourist visits one or more of the Indian Goods stores at the Falls for a INDIAN souvenir. A large line of Indian Goods ^^XiOXX^ and Novelties as well as photographs of the Falls and the wonderful spar jewelry LLS. imhinc. Ilia nilld< vsrhend, and ih* lar u{ the rapidt, iract, moved their ' and the nM who t and then hrnke fara RtviiittH." nited States arose as to Vestern New ake. Com- e New Yorlc ' i Massachu- id was first ind as they ent, Robert rds sold the I^nd Com- was not in- i. The part nown as the and see In- trinkets and e, know that distant is an r one of the }y a council miles from the Niagara 00 Indians, d the culti- 1 systematic, d prosperity ; or more of ; Falls for a ndian Goods photographs spar jewelry TWO KAYS AT NIACARA lAII-S. m The hoar»e mid rapid whirlp.«il» there, my lirain ('■rows Willi, my nenw:* wamUr, at I ((»/• U|M.n ihi- Imrryinu waler» ; anc^iiif right Vainly wmiUl fiilliiw, an mwani the verue Sweep* the wild Kirreni. . , ,/^,. /,„•,, ' —Maria Jmt Ihreiiotiit. can be found at the store of Mr. Isjuic Davy, 50, 52 and 54 West Falls Street, opix>site the Soldiers' Monument. The word Niagara is a household word all over the world. It is applied only to the locality, and is to-day the synonym for THE the ideal waterfall. It is of Indian NAME. origin, for the Indians once inhabited all this country, and much of the nomenclature of Western New York is traceable directly to them. Niagara is supiMised to be bor- rowed from the language of the Irotiuois, and means " The Thunderer of the Waters." It was the name of a tribe, for it was an Indian custom to call their tril)es from the most important natural feature of the coun- try they inhabited, or to give the tribal name to such feature. Thus the names of the Onondagas, Hurons, Cayugas, Senecas ai.d Oneidas are each kept alive by the name of a river or a lake ; while the Mohawk River recalls the greatest warrior tril)e of all, and Lake Erie the name of one of the weaker tribes. The river and the Falls were the chief features of the Niagaras* country, and their chief village bore the same name. Within the memory of men now living the Falls have receded 100 feet. This natu- rally prompts the question : Where did the retrocession begin? Geologists q^qj^q^j^,^^ tell us, and their answer is ac- cepted as conclusive, at the mountain near Lewiston. The whole waters of the lakes there foamed over this dam, which was u TWO DAYS AT NtAr.ARA KAI.IJI. ' Fin* Mfi, fiirrvrr, In lliy |ilt (Kictriir ,111(1 iif liiaiiiy <'iiii| |in» opt MiH riiiiiliiiw nil lliy li IimhI* M.inilril nnmnil lliy firl. Ami Hi' ilnlli i[ivr riiv villi !• lit iliiiiiilir powrr In Kprak nf lliin Klrni.illy liiililinit tliu lip nf man Kcfp >ilciu c, and iipnn lliy rm ky nliar pmir Inccnw nf awc-Mruck pralic!" — Mr.K. SigftutHiy, several miles in width. 'I'his acroiints for the shells, etc., which have l)een found on (loat Island, it havinjf l)een sui-mcrged ; also for the .shells found on the lane! along the river up stream — shells which enabled I. yell, Mall and others to prove that the Niagara once flowed through a sVallow valley. In its course the Niagara River falls 339 feet, as follows: From Lake Krie to the TOTAL FALL '^'M"^'** above the Falls, 1') OF NIAGARA, feet ; in the rapids .'>;") feet ; at the Falls, 1(54 feet ; from Falls to Lewis- ton, 98 feet; from Lewiston to Lake (Jn- tario, 7 feet. (loat Island was, in ancient times, one of the favorite burying grounds of the Indian.s, _ and yet preserves traces of GOAT ISLAND. ^^^.^ f„ J^^^, ,^^^^ ,^ ^^„^^ ixirticularly revered as the spot where chiefs and noted warriors were buried. It has long l)een a fixvorite resort of l)otanists, who declare that they have found on it o\er 400 different species and kinds of plants and trees. It is also said that it contains a greater numl)er of valuable s|)ecies of the vegetable kingdom than the simie area in any explored jwrtion of the world. It is covered with a grand old " forest prime- val," containing many trees now withered and decayed, but which have stood sentinel over this scene for hundreds of years. This is an almost unique bit of virgin forest, and Wmma I.M. loiuln I nl llirn liir |iiiiir Mr I, SigoMrntf. oiints for the iml on (ioat L'll ; also for ing the river )lc(l I, yell, the Niagara illey. kr falls 330 Krie to the Kails, ir> (Is ;")") feet ; Is to Lewis- o I ,ake On- imes, one of the Indians, s trates of s. It was vhere chiefs d. It has tanists, who it over 400 plants and contains a cries of the inie area in orld.. It is jrest prime- »w withered )od sentinel ears. This forest, and TMI MIBUMB iriCTACLB OF MIAOAHA FALU. 16 TWO DAYS AT NIAOARA fAl.lS. " Whenever for a time the gaze rests with Inexhaustible won- der upon the fierce and tuinultuuiis American Ka'.l, the mightier and still more marvelous Horseshoe steals its way again with irresistible fascination. Full in front lies that wholly indescrib- able spectacle at this instant. Its solemn voice — an octave lower than the excited, leaping, almost angry cry of fervid life from the lesser cataract — resounds through the golden summer morning air like the distant roar from the streets of fifty Lon- dons, all in full activity."— 5/> Edwin Arnold. it has been the policy and pride of its own- ers to thus preserve it. NIAGARA'S POPULARITY. Did you ever stop to consider why so many people visit Niagara? Look at the reasons. The Falls are an object of wonder to all, and one never tires of gazing at them. The AS A FAVORITE surrounding scenery is unique PLACE OF !^"d wonderful. The Rapids RESORT. and Whirlpool are ever new and ever changing. The climate is cool, bracing and healthful. Fishing in the river, both above and below the Falls, is excellent. Niagara is a favorite resort for the botanist and the geologist, because of the facilities it affords them for study and collection. It is the center of a region famed in history, especially during the early Indian wars and the war of 1812. It is a place where the sightseer finds new views continuously, and it is also a place where those desiring a quiet visit can thoroughly enjoy themseh js, sur- rounded by beauties of scenery unobtainable elsewhere. The railroad facilities for going to or leaving Niagara Falls from or to the East, UjgiQpj West, North or South are TICKET OFFICE, very ample. All the fast trains pass through or have connections to or from the Falls. The New York Central has a union ticket office in the Cataract House block for the accommodation of its patrons. TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. 17 LS. exhaustible won- 'a'.l, the mightier way again with vhuily indescrib- >ice — an octave ;ry of fervid life I golden aummer eet» of fifty Lon- of its own- MTY. irhy so many the reasons. >nder to all, them. The ery is unique The Rapids ire ever new ate is cool, in the river, is excellent, the botanist e facilities it ction. It is in history, ■ ian wars and e where the nuously, and liring a quiet mselv js, sur- unobtainable going to or to the East, )T South are All the fast nections to or k Central his taract House if its patrons. " Thou dost make the soul A wondering witness of thy majesty : And while it rushes with delirious joy To tread thy vestibule, d.«t chain its step. And check its rapture, with the humble view Of its own nothingness, bidding it stand In the dread presence of the Invisible, As if to answer to its God through thee." —Mrs. SigoHKHey. On the New York State Reservation there is a carriage service similar to that in Cen- tral Park, New York. The drive through the park, with a stop-off at all principal places of interest, is only 25 cents for the round trip, or 15 cents around Goat Island. Of all the summer resorts — in fact, of all known places — not one furnishes one half the advantages and oppor- ^y^Qf^^U^ THE tunities to the photog- PHOTOGRAPHERS' rapher that Niagara does. PARADISE. Here almost every conceivable class of natural scenery, excepting marine views, can be obtained, and the photographer can try his hand at innumerable descriptions of water views ; of the broad quiet river above the Falls ; of the rippling cascade ; of the sweep of the Rapids above the Falls, as they rush past directly in front of him ; of the numberless views near by and at a distance of the Falls themselves ; of the foam-covered river below the Falls ; of the Rapids as they dash along 200 feet below the high bank to the Whirlpool ; of the great maelstrom itself, and again of the Rapids rushing through the narrow defile below the cliffs to the broad waters of Lake Ontario. Of woodland scenery there is no lack — from the unique and grand scenery of the virgin forest on Goat Island, and the gems of small islands around it, to the scenes along the river bank ; while for him who r .M.I. I .m~-!>- TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. 18 Niagara it a wonder of the world, and not the less wonderful, because time and thought must be employed in comprehending it. Casting aside all preconceived notions, and preparation to be dire struck or delighted, the beholder must stand beside it in the simplicity of his heart, suffering the mighty scene to work lu onn impression. Night after night, I dreamed uf it, and was gladdened every morning by the consciousness of a growing capacity to enjoy it. — Nathaniel Hawthorne. seeks by the aid of a camera to photograph the ever-moving and changing tide of humanity, Niagara offers unsurpassed oppor- tunities. As a desimble place at which to hold conventions or meetings Niagara Falls can- HOMISHOB rALL, NIAOARA— Oil THE HBW VOBK CBNTKAL. not be excelled. Its world-wide reputation, its location so near the center of population munf °^ *^^ country, its . ease of PLACE POR access for those residing in CONVENTIONS. ^^^ Dominion of Canada, its situation from a railroad standpoint, with direct connections to all parts of the conti- LLS. ie less wondefful, n comprehending id preparation to stand beside it in ty scene to woric led uf it,and was ess of a growing photograph ng tide of assed oppor- lich to hold ra Falls can- TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. 19 ' VOBK CBNTKAL. e reputation, »f population its . ease of ; residing in f Canada, its dpoint, with of the conti- Brides and bridegrooms were everywhere. Nobody reads at Niagara. There is a grand ..pen book before you -a boolt wliose pages arc infinite, whose lore is untold, and whose teachmgs eternal.— George AugHstus Sala. nent, and especially its ample hotel accom- modations for all clas.ses, combine to make it an excellent place for such meetings. THE HOTELS. The hotels at Niagara Falls are first-class, centrally located, and their charges are rea- sonable ; and no more interesting place can be found on this continent in which to spend a sea.son of rest and recreation. INTERNATIONAL HOTEL. Admittedly chief among the hotels of Niagara Falls stands the International — a structure of brick and stone almost on the brink of the cataract, at the very entrance of Prospect Park, commanding an excellent view of rapids and cataract, and within three minutes' walk of the railroad depot. The service here is the best that can be obtained anywhere, and at rates within the means of all visitors. It is the largest, best and the leading mg IS on Falls and Main streets, the two 20 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALI^. •• I>»yi ihould be .pent here in deep and happy »ec>™lon. pro.^^ from -he burSng heat of the .un and regaled by love y S«n« of Nature, and the music of the sweetest waten,. and m fellowship, a. will, with the mighty Falls. I-B^-g ' «»y«d^ but all time was too short. I went, and I returned, and know not how to go 1 "—Rev. Andrew Reed. principal thoroughfares of the city. The hotel has a nice little park of its own, into which the dining room extends, making it delightfully cool and pleasant during the heated term. The house is substantially built of brick and Niagara limestone. It has accommodations for 600 guests, and is lighted throughout by electricity. The sea- son usually extends from May to November 1st. It is a rule to amuse as well as enter- tain the guests with card parties, dances in the ballroom and musicales in the grand par- lor. An excellent orchestra is also engaged for the season. S. A. Greenwood, Manager. Ifc*. ::'^-^^yii^sm)if*¥!^&:^- mSmm^^^m fm^z^ ^ «t^^**-«i*»S ^^\'^^'"''^'^''\\v CATARACT HOUSE. The building occupies an entire block immediately adjoining the Niagara Reser- vation and overlooking the Rapids. It is directly opposite Goat Island, and from the windows and broad piazzas beautiful views are had. The management does not cater TWO DAYS AT NIAOARA FALLS. 21 r Mcluiion, d by lovely ten, and in ig I stayed, , and know y. The wn, into laking it ring the itantially one. It s, and is The sea- lovember as enter- dances in rand par- engaged Manager. tire block ara Reser- ids. It is d from the itiful views s not cater And there, between us and the Horseshue Fall, what was Mat we saw? Was it some huge, pale ghost standing sentinel before •• ^garaT White, spectral, molinnless, it rose up and reached towards the stars— shapeless, dim, vogue as a veiled ghost. It WHS like a great colossal spectre wrapped in a robe of strange dim light.— itfrfy Duff^Ht Hardy. to excursion parties, and guests are therefore relieved of much noise and annoyance gen- erally. The cuisine is unsurpassed, and the appointments complete in all particulars. PROSPECT HOUSE. The Prospect House, Niagara Falls (for- merly on the Canadian side), is a new and thoroughly up-to-date hotel, charmingly located close to the Falls and Rapids, and within one block of the New York Central Station, and is now free from spray, damp- ness and custom-house annoyances, subjected to when on the Canadian side. It is elegantly furnished and appointed, and in the only 22 TWO DAYS AT NIAOAKA FALLS. TouriM. should remember that fn.m New York to Niagar. Fall* via the New York Central the time is « hour. anJ a mln- utet. and the fare ii » dollam and 25 cent*. A dollar an hour and a cent a minute for the odd minute..- AVw 1 ori I rets. Strictly first-class hotel at the Falls open all the year. It contains all modern conve- niences ; rooms en mite or single. Patron- ized by royalty and many distinguished American and foreign tourists. An advance notice of arrival by mail will facilitate. THB HAMIM FROM PROSPECT PARK, NIAGARA PALIS. HOTEL KALTENBACH. The Hotel Kaltenbach is beautifully situ- ated overlooking the Rapids and Goat Island from Buffalo Avenue near Main Street. This is undoubtedly the most comfortable, home- like hotel at Niagara Falls. It is oiien the year round, and Mr. A. Kaltenbach, the proprietor, one of the best -known hotel men in the country, takes a i^ersonal interest in to Niagara mil 'ir> mln- ir an hour * /'rett. )pen all conve- Patron- iguished advance ,te. fully situ- oat Island eet. This jle, home- oi)en the ibach, the hotel men interest in TWO DAYS AT NIAOARA KA1.1.S. 28 ' " Pillar'd ariiiind by cverlaiitini! hills, Kubea in the drapery of descending floodn. Crowned by the rainbow, canopied by cloudi That roll in incense up from thy dread base." each and every guest of his house. Terms, $3.00 per day. American plan. NIAGARA FALLS HOUSE. The Niagara Falls House, located between Falls and Niagara streets, on Main Street, Niagara Falls, N. Y. Five minutes' walk from New York Central station and princijal " points of interest about the Falls. This is a strictly first-class temperance house, open the year round. Mr. Ferguson, the genial proprietor, is assisted by Mrs. Ferguson and their son, Robert Ferguson, who will do everything possible to add to the comfort of the tourist. Terms, $2.00 per day. THE HARVEY HOUSE Is a strictly first -class hotel, at the corner of Third and Falls streets, but one minute's walk from all depots. A "free 'bus meets all trains. The rates are $2.00 per day. The proprietor, Mr. John Maloney, has had a large experience in the hotel business. THE TEMPERANCE HOUSE Is a splendid hotel, and is conducted under the immediate supervision of the proprietor, Mr. H. Hubbs. The terms are $1.50 and $2.00 per day. It is located on Second Street, opposite New York Central depot. THE COLUMBIA HOTEL Is a favorite with tourists and ex ursionists, and is located at the corner of Niagara and First streets. It is conducted in an able manner by its proprietor, Mr. C. R. Phelps. The rates are $2.00 per day, and everything in connection with the hotel is first-class. ■MMMM 24 TWO DAYS AT NIAC.ARA FAI.I-S. O. Ihnt the «»«nil.lc.l niillinn. "f llie wrlh couM now b«hi.lil thi> Kcne .iibllme «iul awful, .iii.l «.I.t.= .he evc-rl...tin« (.o.l U.HM: fin««n. pMf.l lhe« Ki.m. .Iiff». an.l m-I" Hi« •"""<»>>« «.»» t.. ihiimlBr .lown ..ml ih...il in .kafeninu '""«'' ■'.^'f''"','! fr..n< "Ul .he h.ill..w .if lii» hand, and hai.e «.i do Hi. bidding. —Jamet A. Cmrfielii. r THE ROSLI HOTEL, At Niagara Falls, Ont., is a perfectly ap- pointed hotel. First-class in cuisine and service. Built of brick. Electric lights and call bells. Heated by steam. 0|)en summer and winter. Overlooking the great gorge of the Niagara River and the Steel Arch and C^nntolive: Bridge. This bemill- ful hotel is surrounded by well-kept lawns and gardens. Si)ecial attention and assist- ance is given guests on their arrival in pass- ing their baggage over the line. Rates, $2.00 and $3.00 per day. Special rates to parties and by the week. Baggage to and from hotel free of charge. Correspondence solicited. Address Mr. Charles G. Inglis, proprietor. SALTS NEW HOTEL Is situated on Second Street, half a block from deiJOt. The hotel is fitted with all modern .improvements, and the low rate of $2.00 per day makes it a great favorite with the traveling public. The proprietor, Mr. S. J. Tol)ey, has had much exi)erience and understonds the art of making guests feel at home. ^^ THE UNITED STATES HOTEL Is located at the corner of Falls and Second streets. The proprietor, Mr. August Rick- ert, has had a large exiierience in conduct- ing first-class hotels, and persons stopping with him can be sure of first-class treatment. Terms are 12.00 per day. All il reail of mcr of and glu TWO IlAVS \r NIAliARA FAI.I-S. 2f) All Ihe |.i.tiire, y.Mi may »ec, all iIr- .1«. rlpli-iiH you may ,e.« ., Nilt". .an -nly pr.K.ucc i,> yn. in., .he lain. «l..n- ml, ..f the Kl..ww,.i-m . ..«.,mrewer», and riimllng wlngi and Uulvsring iMingt of blrdi, and droning lie««, And mar-eyed fli.wem. (imnlalnn, and climbing vine* And I linglng m<»» and forem tree*, mingling, Curapire to enhance a rapturoun icene." r A GLOWING DESCRIPTION. The following letter from the pen of a well-known traveler, published originally in the Albany Argus, contains so much of information and expresses so admirably the characteristic features of Niagara that it will well reiwy perusal : " Knowing that I hove for many years made a hobby of searching out and siting up the various pleasure and health resorts of the country, my friencU often ask me which one of all the i umerous Elysiums of this sort that now alnjund throughout the length and breadth of the land I real 1/ consider pre-emi- nently attractive as combining in itself the greatest number of local features or lequisitcs for a perfect watering place. To this inquiry I invariably respond : • Niagara Falls, by long odds.' If a divine or human edict were issued to-day closing up every resort place in America but one, and that single exception fell in favor of Niagara Falls, 1 could be quite content so far as my preferences and desires reach out after earthly El Dorados. •• In the w riJ or sphere of religion the greatest place-worship, r are the Mohammedans, and they have only one Mecca. Four hundred million follow- ers of Mahomet, the majority of them wandering Nomads, who might very naturally find and fix upon many beautiful and consecrated spots in their journey- ings, sacred to the Prophet and suitable for a shrine to his memory, confine their reverence to the place of his birth ; and as there is in their creed 'but one God' so is there in their devotio-is but one holy city. And even among Christians 'Jerusalem the Golden is held in supreme veneration, at the one and .only so-called • City of the Most High.' Paris is the cap- ital of Fashion, and the devotees of dress will recog- nize no other source of authority. If then the myriad millions of mankmd that dominate the domain of religion, and constitute the kingdom of vanity in this vast worid, confine themselves by choice to a single ihrine, why may not the health or pleasure seekers of -mum^ TWO J>AVH AT NIAIIARA KAI.I.S. 27 " Niaiiara »p|i«ar« noi lerrll.le, bill divinely ami ddlclouily nacsfiil, glad and l'>vely - « •l>«iini«n <>f ihtf uplendor of watir ai lit fineti - a nlKhl I., dwell and linu«r in Ihe mind wllh Inef- faceable ImoK'* "f happy and grateful lh«UKhl, by nci nicana Ki affect It either In act or Meing, or to haunt It In future day» of memory, wllh any wild remlnlecencea of terror or of gloom."— Sir Kilwin ArmolJ. ^^ these United Slates of America lie satisfied with one ' Mecca of tlieir holies anti heorl,' and that one the greatest, grandest masterpiece of Nature's handiwork, ' the stars of heovcn ' ( which are its eyes) Knik down U|ion ? " I know plenty of places, of course, thot possess a distinctive charm of this or that sort, and are accord- ingly uiii«iue or superior in that particular regard ; but they ore almost ccrlaiii to be defn ient in other regards, and so fall short of tilling the bill as a satisfactory all- round resort, calculated to please or Ijenefit a promis- cuous lot of visitors having varied tastes or needs. " But is there any person on earth who can come to Niagaro Falls, and in the presence of this transcend- ent exhibit of the Almighty's power find speech or heart to declare ' there is lack of grandeur or glory, of entertainment or instruction, of mind-ministering, soul-strengthening and body-benefiting satisfaction here ? ' If such there is, the lack would really be in the witness whose own words would infallibly denote an abnormally deficient intellect not only ' proof and bulwark 'gainst sense,' but deaf to the voice of the great Creator Himself, sayinfe in the roar of this sub- lime cataract! ' Here am I, bow down and worship Me." '• Starting off with the most marvelous and glorious natural wonder in the world as its chief attraction — the Falls themselves — the whole county of Niagara, and the Canadian shore opposite, is one grand museum of the most extensive, startling and beautiful collection of Nature's works crowded into any similar sized space on this earth. "The rapids above and below the falls are only second to the latter as awe-inspiring specimens of a creative skill lieyond human ken. The great gorge of the river, from the foot of the American fall almost to Lewiston, is a sight, too, but little less impressive than the cataract itself; and beyond I.ewiston the peaceful and placid passage of the erstwhile reckless raging waters, as they seek, in a seemingly exhausted condition, the sheltering bosom of that lovely lake, which shall liear them softly thence to the waiting sea lieyond, how sweetly and "(adly suggestive a picture of human life it presents, with its toil and turmoil quieted at last in the restful silence of the grave ! ■MM TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FAI.U. 20 ' Thy wiu'ry cnvernn unci ihy irynlal wiill : I hy c,ie»iii "f Miiiliuhl «ml lliy .Iriiili" i.r th«tl«, UollhiK ami »c.ihiii« like « rhlfUi'lh"ii Anii.lih.- »iiul«Wflil»mt"""V"lv'"«»Iif«y. Si«.iily >■< Kuiili «ml litiuiiilliil u» Hoiw." -.1. .S. Kiitt'ljt, "Anoihcr phciioiiuimlly fusciimliiiK pitturi' in lliis Ni«K>iri,ui nall-ry of the k.mIs Ih llit lai.(UiHiH' virw for mil* s u|> .111.1 down llic livi-r niul l.iu k lllirifn.m tolheovTi .»)UinK liill» «'r oiillyiiiK vnlli-y!*. If niiy fttircr K.ue of imsloral or iiictiiri«|uc Uauly las uiukr the bronil ninopyof the arihiiiK sky I have never l)ehelcl it. To me tlie whole county of N mgaro, with itH Hummer Karnislniuiit of eineraUl verilure, it* lieliU of waving grain, nml vast orcliards of iiiK(|iialeeni and a iiainting of paradise done by Nature in Her happiest mtMMl. "lime and »p<";e *'"'■'''«' c""^""8 '"'" »"y "e">"ed description here of the exceptional charms of Niagara County —that part of it, I mean, lying back and below the village at the falls ; but, let the reader of this take the railrt.nd down to l.cwision, and then gC a horse and corrioge or sadiUc horse aiul strike oft East mto the cmntry anywhere; returning to l.ewiston a.id crossing the river to catch a fnnadinn tw-lley line back to the American side, via Clifton ami upper Suspen- sion Hridge ; and if he or she will testify truly, they must »)eor evidence with me that the entire trip is a iicrfect revelation t>f rural loveliness, and suqiassingly delightful sights and scenes greatly heightened in effect, OS to the ride down and up the river, by the point' of view afforded from a car whirling for mil. - along the very edge of a precipice several liundrtU feet deep, at a rate of speeil to make the blood in your every vein thrill with excitement. " Americans will go Ihousonds of miles to gaze on the treasures of art (which are at best but the faulty fruitage of human skill) scattered alxmt in various * old cathedrals abroad, while here, in their own coun- try. Nature, the handmaiden of God, has gathered together in one grand gallery a gorgeous collection of her greatest masterjjieccs, absolutely sublime in conception and execution, beside which the most perfect products of mortal moulding are but bungling botches, indeed. And m-^ny of these same Americans have never seen Nature's glorious Niagara exhibit of wonders. For my part the finest works of art, under close and critical study, fail somehow to satisfy an innate demand for the flawless ond infallible, and so grow tame and tedious. But when I turn to Nature's so TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. " I dreamt not I ihould wander here In musing awe ; should tread the wondrous world. See all its store of inland waters hurled In one vast volume down Niagara's steep, Or calm behold them, in transparent sleep Where the blue hills of old Toronto shed Their evening shadow o'er Ontario's bed." — Moore. r noblest works, such as in a " very torrent, and I may say tempest," of piodigality she has fairly showered upon this favored region at and around Niagara, I never tire of studying the perfection of her methods nor enjoying the adequate and absolute satisfaction of all the finite faculties of man can conceive or call for in faultlessness of finish as to the minutest detail or completed ensemble. «• It should go by mere mention, and without ex- tended argument, that here on the western border of the Empire State is, so far as God and Nature could make it so, the very garden spot of the world; and why in the name of all that is beaudful and bene- ficial, according to mortal appreciation, do not the sons of men whose heaven favored country takes in this Eden tract appropriate and set apart the same to be now and forever a veritable Mecca of pleasure and health to world-weary pilgrims of every clime who should journey hitherward each recurring year and quaff fiom nature's holy well a draught of joy and delight to the perfect appeasement of pleasure's thirst, or the healing of humanity's ills? " Niagara has never b« -n a really successful resort. The objective point in old times of newly-married couples. The transient stopping-ofT station to-day of hurried tourists. The picnic ground of neigh- boring rustics. To what base uses is it put, this little earthly copy of paradise! Its superiative majesty, beauty and even sublimity are universally conceded, and I for one consider its hygienic advantages and superior healthfulness as marked almost as its natural attractions. There is something in the spray of the • falls (and this spray dominates and vitalizes the air for miles around) that acts on my system magically, and with every breath I draw here seems to tone me up as though I had drank oxygenated champagne. I often go down and sit in Reservation Park along- side the Rapids, and inhale the spray-saturated air there for hours until in physical elation I truly feel like « a giant refreshed with new wine.' Without fear of contradiction, I pronounce the air of Niagara County, N. Y., not only exceptionally pure, but full of tonic properties equal in bracing, invigorating TWO DAYS AT NIAOAaA FALLS. 81 I think, with tenderneu, of M the live* that opened lo falriy there the hopes that reign In the glad young hearti, the meai- urelesi tide of joy that ebb» and flow* with the arriving and departing trains. Elsewhere there are carking cares of business and of fashions, there are age and sorrow and heartbreak, but here only youth, faith, rapture.- IV. D. HtwlU i» Th*tr tftdtling Journey." effect to the so-called ozone found in any seaside or mountain air in the world. "The sanitary conditions of Niagara arc super-ex- cellent, as why shouldn't they be with such natural drainage advantages? •' As to the town in the immediate neighborhood of the falls, I cannot stop in this letter to take up its local features. Suffice it to say that a more strik- ingly beautiful town site could not be imagined, and from a mere frontier settlement it has grown to be an ideally charming place for residence, with all the conspicuous business development that mti.hs modem American progress in that direction. Niagara Falls village has plenty of elegant shops and stores of every kind, and one can procure here about every- thing procurable in a large city. The hotels are commodious and well kept, after the model of the good old days before « skyscrapers ' with lavish adorn- ments and unsanitary ' improvements' in every room, had yet subordinated health and comfort to style and that insatiate monster, 'convenience.' "Yes (as it impresses me^, nothing that God or man could do to provide here the most perfect pleasure and health resort on earth has been left undone, wherefore I repeat what was asserted at the beginning of this letter, that in my humble opin- ion Niagara Falls and its vicinity combines more requisites of a successful watering place than can be found in any other one locality under the sun. " Some day the inimiUble and unequaled attrac- tions of this spot will be properly appreciated, and while the many mushroom summer or winter resorts of America with a single charm and legions of defects, will be dying natural deaths, this long-neglected repository of every gift nature or art could bestow to complete a finished Eden will arise to a new and larger life, and will find and fill its true destiny as an all-the-year-round (it is as beautiful and wonderful in winter as in summer) rendezvous and shrine of the world's millions that, with human perverseness, may worship inferiority for a while, but always and every- where recognize and return to reason sooner or later, and lay their final, lasting tributes on that altar which mature judgment erecU to supreme merit." MMM THE WHIT« man's MNCV-THB MAIUBM OP TH» MIM. Th. Original oil |»loUng of •Wch the .bo« U . «p™ducUon b on •xhibiUon at the Cataraci Hoiue, Niagara (aiu. it on rHB raproductioa TMB MKU man's PACT — THB MAIDBH'S SACRIFIU. ' The original oU piUnting of wiiich the above ii a re|)rodiicliaa ta oo raUbiUaa al lb* Cataract Houm, Niagara TiUt. 84 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FAI.US. When the real energies of Niagara have been recogniwd and .hr«ia,ion b.,we.nTho« energie. •nd .he ■"'«»•' "J'"!"";"' gravity i» under.tood. th. mind mH.t ie awed *^ '*'*'«- %nd>u, .ignificaHC, „/ Niagara.- Rtchard A. Proctor, i» •• ScUnet," 1888. ^ Tradition tells us that the Indians living near the Falls used annually to offer, as a THE RED sacrifice to the Great Spirit of MAN'S FACT. Niagara, the fairest maiden of the tribe, sending her over the Falls in a white canoe, which was decked with fruits and flowers. The honor of being chosen as the heroine of this human sacrifice was eagerly coveted by the Indian maidens. On one occasion the daughter of the chief was selected. Her father betrayed no feeling, but as the white canoe, guided by his daughter's hand, reached the rapids, he leaped into a canoe and followed her, nearly overtaking her and meeting his death a few moments afterwards. Modern fancy portrays the real spirits of the Indian maidens sacrificed to the spirit of Niagara in days gone by, as idealized into the Maiden of the Mist ; a mythical M^StsTaNCY. at the base of the Falls, and continuously both by day and night disport- ing herself in the ever-rising and never-fail- ' ing clouds of mist or spray, awaiting and greeting the spirits of those victims (some unfortunate by accident, and some more unfortunate by suicide) who from time to time yield up their lives to Niagara, or as the Indians pronounced it, " Ni-a-ga-ra, the Thunderer i> Waters." A trip on the steamer "Maid of the ' Mist" is a most novel and charming water trip, and the only way to fully realize the "Thei For Moc Etei grandei Althouj ara Fal from at TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. 85 " These groaning rocks the Almighty's finger piled: For ages here His painted bow has smiled, Mocking the changes and the chance of time — Eternal, beautiful, serene, sublime ! " — milii G. Ctark. grandeur and height of the great falls. Although many thousands of visitors to Niag- ara Falls view the great cataracts «MAID OF from above, and from many points, THE MBT." MAIU OP THB MUT LAMDIKU. yet it is truly said that no one has seen Niagara in all its glory until he has taken a trip on the steamer " Maid of the Mist." 36 TWO PAYS AI NIAC.ARA FAM.S. .., wan. ..Mhing ...<« lovely .ha» '«'«"«'»'"'""', ^'^J; Heaven prcwrve m from fine wrmni. . mn, h If you were only here! '--If.i/I.r Bviant. No other point of vantage can give the tourist the view of the cataract which is here formed from the hurricane deck. Pictures, descriptions and narratives all fade from the mind, and one stands clinging to the guard rail of the steamer, drinking in the awful beauty of the sight. For it is awful, this mighty display of the Creator's handi- work ! To reach the steamer, uke the inclined railway in the Sute building in Prospect Park, to the " Maid of the Mist's" wharf. The railway is operated by the State, and a nominal fee of five cents each way is charged. A stairway is provided free for persons who prefer to walk. This consists of 251 steps. Fare on steamer, rouid trip, which includes rubber clothing and stop off on Canada side, 50 cents. To see Niagara Falls properly you must go to the Canadian side and take a ride on the Niagara Falls Park & River Railway, which runs between Chippewa SiStfc RIVER and Queenston, a distance of RAILWAY. twelve and one half miles, along the banks of the Niagara River, giving the most comprehensive view of both the American and Horseshoe Falls, the rapids above the Falls, the Whirlpool Rapids, the Whirlpool, the Gorge of the lower river, the Cantaliver Bridge, the Steel Arch Bridge, Brock's Monument and Queenston Heights Battleground. This line i)a.sses through the Queen Victoria Park and over the Dufferin ** IWfore siiinkinu. { « alerfi cif a IcdRcs I'f 1 ■tepii proii Arnold. Islands, Niagara New U sengers take th bridge 75 cent ride thi seen in The runs fri tically I great < andW IS The and " Toront trips e hour ( arrival trains, points prehen of the Niagai Hotel. Toron Montr and w to Nis on o:i( red with t. I lan ig (if the IS below, e reader, ve the is here ictures, ■om the ; guard e awful awful, handi- inclined Prospect ' wharf. *, and a charged. «ns who 5\ steps, includes Canada |rou must i ride on Railway, [Chippewa istance of ilf miles, er, giving both the Lhe rapids apids, the wer river, ch Bridge, 11 Heights' irough the e Dufferin TWO DAYS AT NIAl'.AKA lAl.I.S. .li " liefore iiie the (-reat calararl of America i» tliiiiulerinu, simikinii, lilillrrinK with xreen and while rollers, hiirlin|{ ehe ualemof a whole i imiinent in splendor and iiieed over lhe sharp IcdResi.f lhe long brown lo.U by whi. h Inkc F.rie ' llir Broail ' steps proudly down to Ontariu • llic lleaiililiil.' "—Sir JuhviH ArHo/ti. Islands, one of the most beautiful spots at Niagara Falls. The cars also run across the New Upper Steel .Arch Bridge, where pas- sengers can purchase tickets for the trip and take the cars at the New York end of the bridge at I'rosijec.t Park. The fare is but 75 cents, and gives the jiassenger a 25-mile ride through Niagara scenery that cannot be seen in any other way. The Gorge Route, on the American side, runs from Niagara Falls to Lewiston, prac- tically on a level with and in full view of the great Cataract, and the wonderful Rapids and Whirlpool below the Falls. NIAGARA RIVER LINE. The steamers "Chippewa," " Chicora " and "Corona," of this historic route to Toronto and the St. Lawrence, make six trips each week day, and river trips every hour daily. Steamers leave Lewiston on arrival of New York Central excursion trains, making fastest connection from all points to Toronto, and affording a com- prehensive view of the magnificent scener- of the Niagara River. Steamers stop at Niagara-on-the-Lake, for the Queen's Royal Hotel. Direct connections are made at Toronto with steamers for Thousand Islands, Montreal, Quebec and the Saguenay River, and with trains to Muskoka Lakes, No trip to Niagara Falls is complete without a ride on one of these steamers. 88 TWO nAVS AT NIAC.ARA FAI.US. •■ There i. nolhing more lr.n.I..cemly green nor 'n°" P*"" nially »lill an.l lovely than Nia««r« the (.reater. At lhi» her « ,X hrink the whole an hit.ave of the main ..l.y« «le.n» hke a fixed and Kloriou. «"rW wrought in ,H,li»hed a.,...m.rin« or eiiwmld."— iVr A' IIAVS AT NIAGARA I-AI Is. ' Whii |ire»»n (low I" N«liirr'» lnvlnn heurl Ki< >iy»» lull rfi Miii|iriii.i: ami ■(wcci rvwiirtl. TliliM- i« ii iiiiuliiv ix'W'T I" irlr'ili, in>|>ir'> •!• Ii«ln. '""' 'i" ""■" """ "' "" liilci iliMw l.mi h with llif liiliiiile I '.ml. NliiKara. furewell ! _.|//Miii'' •>•"' .um,«.l ...H-n n.y h.»r.. «i. In.n,. ..I I-....IV. " ""';'" 'J'"; ch»ng.l..« •ml in.l.lil.ly until it» l«'l«« ' «»« >" •'••« •'""•'• —CharUi I'hkeHt Queen's is well known as one of the cool- est houses in summer, which can Iw found ; the furnishings throughout are elegant, it has rooms en suite, with bath rooms attached, on every floor. Under the management of McClaw & VVinnett, the Queen's has become a household word, while jxissessing every modern convenience it has always Iwen famous for the solid, cozy, home-like com- fort which is characteristic of the best Kng- lish hotels. It is the temjKjrary home of nine out of ten Knglish tourists who come to Toronto. On the occasion of vi*lls of members of the Royal Family to Toronto, this hotel has always been their stopping place. Amongst those who have honored it by their presence are: His Imjierial Highness the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia, their Royal Highnesses Prince Leopold, Prince George, Princess Louise and the Duke and Duchess of Connaught; the Marquis of Lome, the Earl and Countess of Dufferin, the Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne, Lord and I^dy Stanley of Preston, the Earl and Countess of Aber- deen, and many others. The Queen's is but three stories high, covering a large area of ground, used exclu- sively for hotel purposes and having lawns on either side with means of exit from the house, in addition to those in front and rear ; these render it almost impossible for any accident to take place from fire, conse- 44 TWO liAYS AT NIAOAKA KAIIS. " The pure beauty of elegance and grace is the grand char- acteristic of thu Falls. It is supremely artistic, a harmony, a masterpiece. The lower half of the watery wall is shrouderl in the steam of the boiling gulf a veil never rent or lifted. At its core this eternal cloud seems fixed and still with excess of motion — still and intensely vMxx."— Henry Jiniies, Jr., in " I'ortrails of J'laces." queHlly it is looked upon as the safest hotel in Canada. Under the same management is the Queen's Royal, Niagara-on-the-I.ake. This hotel, which is an extremely comfortable one, and up-to-date in every resjiect, has become a very popular summer resort. ROSSIN HOUSE. Unnecessary of introduction to travelers, be they American or English, the Rossin House, corner of King and York streets, Toronto, stands boldly in the foreground of Continental hotels, generously roomy, situ- ated but a step from the Union Depot and Steamboat docks, yet in the business heart of the city. This house, with its unexcep- tional cuisine, and under the admirable modern management of mine Host Nelson, stands for what is agreeable in elegance to no exclusion of the genuine charm of home comforts. It is fire-proof, and fitted with every modern facility. The Rossin' s new friends become lifelong ones. By the way, this hotel's crest, a tasteful blending of the emblems of John Bull and Uncle Sam, in- dicates wherein the proprietor completely antedated the latter-day exponents of an Anglo-American Alliance. THE GREAT TUNNEL. After all that has been said and written regarding the utilization of Niagara, and after all the wild and wonderful schemes Mrik 46 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. " I Mill think that above and below the FalU the rapidi are the most »triking spectacle. At leaat, you may »ay loroething about them, compare them to lomething; when you come to the cataract itself, you can say nothing ; it is incomparable. My sense of it fiist, and my sense of it last, waa not a sense of the stupendous, but a sense of beauty, of serenity, of repose." which have been advanced for this purpose, the adaption of this immense natural power to the uses of mankind has been accom- plished in the most rational and natural way CKOSSINU THB ICB BMilGE, NIAGABA FALLS. imaginable; i. e., by applying to the prob- lem the same treatment that would be ap- plied to any other water-power upon the well-known hydraulic precedent which has governed the use of water-powers for years. The sudden change of level in the Niagara River, at Niagara Falls, constitutes a most magnificent water-power. It is a natural dam, over whose crest is discharged the wm^" TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA KAI.US. 47 He hath girt Thy terrihle forehead with His radiant brow. I Me thy never-re»ting water* run. And I bethinlt me how the tide of time Sweep* to eternity. — From the Sfanisk of Maria Jot* Hertdnia, transtattd by William ChIUh Bryant. surplus water of the most magnificent series of mill-ponds in the world, comprising Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, I^ke Huron, Georgian Bay and Lake Erie, a total of 87,600 square miles of reservoir surface, into which is drained 241 ,23r) miles of watershed, a territory double the area of Great Britain and Ireland. With this immense reserve the level of the river is practically constant, and it simply remained to work the water from the level of the river above the Falls to that of the Rapids below, in such a manner as to utilize the energy of its descent to con- trol a source of power which would be con- stant year in and year out and every day in •c vear, at no expense beyond the main- . .ai ce of the machinery of transformation . -1^ transmission, and the interest on its cost. The flow of the Niagara River at the Falls equals 12,785,455 cubic feet total flow per minute, or about 213,000 cubic feet per second. Measurements by the Lake Survey Board indicate the average flow of the river to be 265,000 cubic feet per second, and, from records kept, a rise in the height of water of one foot above the Falls will, by actual measurement, raise it \1\ feet below. A tunnel, 29 feet in height and 18 feet in width, has been excavated from a point on the river bank just below the foot bridge on the American side and carried back over 200 feet beneath the village of Niagara Falls, commencing at such a level that 14 of the =-«p 48 TWU DAYS AT NIAOARA FAM-S. It. rue not go over the surroundings and bring them into unison with the foreground. But winter calls in the aid of that well-known sculptor. Old Ice, and his graceful and gifted daughters who make such remarkable studies TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA VAt\S. ICB »OUAG« AT MIAOAIIA FALLS. in snow. And between them the effects are quite startling, for the whole landscape responds to the central mystery, " the smoke of whose torment ascendeth forever." It is quite likely that nowhere in the State can such gigantic exhibitions of the power of cold be found as here. The two main features of frozen Niagara are the Ice Bridge so-called and the White Mountains. The first named is a field of ice, which some say is fifty feet thick, reaching from side to side of the river, and extending to near the Cantaliver Bridge, a long distance. This is not smooth and level like ordinary river •H N 1 A ice. 1 seams, road CI which i Canada houses These and va hurried The front ( spray-c trail c rapidly of othi can as face to Ameri< Int each a like sh But seals U that fo The white vitreoi kettle. puffy t gorge bluish Fro itself- eral w was SI TWO HAYS Ar NIAGARA KAI.LS. 61 ' Here speaks the voice of Cod — let man be dumb, Niir with his vain aspiring hither come. 'Ihal vuice impels the hollow-sounding floods And like a Presence Tills the distant woods." — tyU/it G. Clark. ice. It is a rough, rolling country, with seams, fissures and hillocks. A winding road creeps its tortuous way through it, by which a passage is easily made on foot to Canada. Quite a little village of rough houses springs up on this line of travel. These jieople deal in phot^o-raphs, beef tea, and various articU of for tourists and hurried l)ank off.^ >. The White Mountains lie immediately in front of the American Falls. They are spray-dashed continually, so that no open trail can he established, new ice forming rapidly. Placing the feet in the heel holes of others half filled already with ice, you can ascend mid clouds of vajMjr, and get face to face with that monster known as the American Fall. In the rapids are seen great blocks of ice, each alone by itself, rocking up and down like shiiis fore and aft in a heavy sea. But at the foot of the Falls lie, like huge seals large as churches, the other class of ice that forms the mountains. They are of the color of dead finish, milk- white marble. At other times they have a vitreous glaze like the inside of a jwrcelain kettle. Then again they crouch like great puffy elephants. From the side walls of the gorge depend massive stalactites of ice of a bluish-white tint. Frozen Niagara is a great kingdom in itself — an annex to the vegetable and min- eral worlds. At the. hour of departure it was sunset. Another element of grandeur i'll N^ r TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALU. 4 I NIAGAMA IS A» BmAUTirVL IH WIHTBK AS IN SUMMIb. was added. Rose lights changing to flame colors illumined the wild waste of waters, foams, cataracts, and ice architecture, as well as the white-winged gulls soaring in the mist. Yet how quiet ! So little noise was there from all this majestic power that it seemed as though the vision must be one of the mind and not of the eye. — Rev. Samuel T. Clarke. " I have seen the Falls in all weathers and in all seasons," says Bayard Taylor; "but to my mind the winter view is the most beautiful. I saw them when a hundred cataracts of ice hung from the cliffs on either side, when the masses of ice brought down from Lake Erie were together at the foot, ^^k. TWO PAYS AT NIAnAKA PAI.U. 68 " Tba walk about Goal Uland at Niagara . aili it probably UMurpaitad in Iha world fur woodar and baauiy."— Olar//r DndUy Warntr. name Iters, ;, as n the e was lat it ne of tmuel ithen ylor; s the adred either down foot, uniting the shores with a rugged bridge, and when every twig of every tree and ''wsh on Goat Island was overlaid an inch deep with a coating of solid crystal. The air was still, and the sun shone in a cloudless sky. The green of the fall, set in a landscape of sparkling silver, was infinitely more brilliant than in summer, when it is balanced by the trees, and the rainbows were almost too glo- rious for the eye to bear. I was not im- pressed by the sublimity of the scene, nor even by its terror, but solely by the fascina- tion of its wonderful beauty. With each succeeding visit, Niagara has grown in height, in power, in majesty, in solemnity ; but in winter I have seen its climax of beauty." BUFFALO. QUEEN OTY OF THE LAKES. Buffalo is the second city in the Empire State. It is the sixth city in commercial importance in the world, and one of the most beautiful in the country. It is only twenty-two miles from Niagara Falls. HOTEL BROEZEU BUFFALO, Is practically within "a stone's throw" and "easy walking distance" from the New York Central Station, Buffalo. It is situated on Seneca, Wells and Carroll streets, readily accessible to and from all the leading business houses, public build- ings, places of amusement, and principal thoroughfares. The house has recently been newly furnished throughout, is built 64 TWO DAYS AT NIAC.AKA KAI.I-S. Betwixt the Ijiken Ontario ana Krie, there in n vn»i nnd pm- diKiou* <» go. In- ter Resorts [nmunicate established >f 58 years 11 parts of lives in the States and TWO DAYS AT NIAOARA KAI.IJ. 67 Canada, Europe, Egypt, Palestine, India, the Straits Settlements, Australia and New Zealand, and extensive and intimate rela- tions with the leading railroad and steamship companies of the world, enable Thos. Cook & Son to furnish special advice and reliable information on all matters relating to travel. That the traveling public find the facilities offered by the firm of value, is shown by the fact that more than 6,650,600 traveling tickets were sold at their various offices and agencies during 1898. The firm's booking facilities include 40,100 series of traveling tickets, covering over 2,241,600 miles of railroad, steamer and stage routes. Esti- mates for long or short tours, in any part of the world, furnished without charge. Cor- respondence or personal application at 261 Broadway, New York, the chief American office, is cordially invited. SPECIAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE PARIS EXPOSITION* }900. GAZE'S TRAVEL SYSTEM. The facilities now available for pleasure traffic in all parts of the world cannot be too widely circulated, and the ease with which arrangements can be perfected by the professional tourist agent calls for more than a passing notice. Complications and diffi- culties often arise when planning a tour whether for pleasure or business, and the question of. When to go, Where to go, and, more important still, How to go, as mes first importance. All Americans proposing a short or long tour in the United States or Canada, or, for that matter, intending to visit Eaiope, the 58 TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FAI.I^. Orient, or Round the World this season, should write or call on Henry Gaze & Sons, Ltd., R, H. Crunden, General Agent, the Universal Tourist Agency, 113 Broadway, almost opposite Wall Street, New York. Here the Intending traveler can obtain prompt, reliable, courteous, and accurate information on all matters apjiertaining to travel in all countries of the world, fur- nished by officials//w« actual personal expe- rience of the countries to be visited. Fifty-five years* experience and uninter- rupted success in the management of tours, whether for associated parties, or independ- ent travelers, enables this company to afford most valuable information, and most excel- lent facilities. Henry Gaze & Sons, R. H. Crunden, General Agent, have offices and agencies in the principal cities of the United States, Canada, Europe, the East and India, and their uniformed interpreters furnish gratui- tous assistance to the holders of theif tickets on arrival and departure at the princiiKil European and Oriental ports, as well as the leading Continental and East- ern cities. Gaze's Tourist Gazette, one hundred pages of indispensable information on matters appertaining to travel, is furnished, post free, on application. Correspondence is cordially invited, and ahould be addressed to 113 Broadway, New York City, the New York Central & Hudson River R. R. ticket office, one of the finest tickei oiitices in the United States of Amer- ica, where the traveler can obtain travel tickets everywhere. mmm 60 TWO DAYS AT NIARARA FAI.I.S. THE ''DAY LINE" STEAMERS The journey up and down the famous Hudson is undoubtedly the most interesting and picturesque inland voyage in the United States. Its attractions are perennially charm- ing, and the point of view afforded by the palatial steamers, "New York" and "Al- bany" of the Day Line, is an ideal one. These magnificent boats, being designed for day service and tourist purposes only, carry no freight whatever save personal baggage of passengers. Thus the lower forward decks and other desirable points of view are open to passengers, and the fittings and accommodations of the craft throughout are sumptuous. Veritable pleasure boats, every suggestion of toil is banished from their decks, and the holiday atmosphere, engen- dered by external circumstances and a happy purpose, is thus subtly maintained. All tourists entertain the hope of enjoy- ing, at some time, the charming scenery of the noble river which for variety and beauty is unequaled the world over. The costly and picturesque villas on the east shore of the lower Hudson, the wonderful Palisades, the grand and rugged Highlands, historic West Point, the towering Catskills and the pastoral fields sloping to the waters of the upper Hudson, form an ever-varying pan- orama that must always command the unqualified admiration of all true lovers of the beautiful in Nature. As a delightful link in the chain of a holiday tour between Niagara Falls and the metropolis, the voyage up or down the Hud- son River upon one of these boats is com- mended to the public. TWO DAYS AT NIAGARA FALLS. 61 THE PEOPLE'S UNE STEAMERS. A moonlight sail up or down the Hudson River on the People's Evening Line Steam- ers "Adirondack" (new), "Drew" or " Dean Richmond " is a luxury of the 19th century. These palatial steamers are simply floating hotels, electric bells in every room, and tables supplied with all the delicacies of the season. The majestic steamer "Adi- rondack " is the new Queen of the Hudson — the largest steamer ever built in the world for passenger traffic — running be- tween New York and Albany in the Peo- ple's Line. This new steamer is the finest specimen of a steamboat that ever floated on the river. All that art, science and ingenu- ity of man could devise has been devel- oped in the building of this steamer. She is the wonder of the present day. She is four stories high, or ^ four tiers of state- rooms. She has 10 bridal chambers, ex- quisitely finished with white mahogany and adorned in the most sumptuous style, her dining-room being aft of the engines, on the main deck, an innovation on the Hudson River in night steamers. The "Adiron- dack," with her sumptuous furnishing and exquisitely fitted up staterooms, commend her to the traveling public. She could well be named the Wonderland. No steamer of her kind, size or build ever came to Albany. She moves a Goddess and she looks a Queen, the steamer de luxe of the 19th century. The grand saloon, fur- nished and decorated in the most hand- some manner, being brilliantly illuminated with over a thousand electric lights, pre- sents a scene of fairyland. These steamers are the wonder and admiration of all foreigners. wm (pr-JK*- Do Not Fail lo vi>lt llie NIAIMHA l-'ALLS MltSHllM, UK- SKHVATOHV and Akt GALLERY. The ETind- «t and molt valuable priTUe Initiiulion in ihe Korld. Kare and couly addition* made within tile laai year. SPECIAL... FEATURES. The Innr^t antl most com* Sete collection of the Natural ittory of America ever got* ten tf^cether, consisting of over aoO.OOOipecimens. The niott artistic arranire' inent ever done by man. Nothing ever was teen to equal the representation of nature that la here produced. All the ftiteresting features of the world illustrated In the Art Gallery, coniifiing of over 1,000 scenes. The most comprehensive view from the OI«ervat(>ry. Vou may ascend 5.000 feet, and you cannot see any more of Nfii)fara scenery. The nit>5t interesting col- lection of deformities in any institution. The LARGEST TRHU ever taken from the forest — ■eventy*seven feet in circum- A most Interesting collection of Skeletons, among width Is the only specimen of a Hump- Backed Whale known, over fifty feel long. The must perfect MASTODON remains ever discovered. The rarest collection of ancient and modern curios on the rontincnt. The only Royal Eg\'ptian Mummies in America. One of them is Ihe only iierfect specimen In the world, for whiclil^,000 has been offered. btc, etc., etc. NIAUAKA PALLS MUSBUM. OPPOSITB PROSPBCT PARK. ADMISSION TO ALL REDUCED TO 25 CENTS. This enterprise Is the same to Niagara as the Smlthaonlan Is to liVashlni^n. Yon haTe not done the Falls without visiting this Instltntlon, INTBRIOR SCBHB Of mAOARA RALLS MtTSIUH. > Not Fail to viiit the NiAliAHA l-'ALLS MUSKITM, UB' SEKVATOHV and Akt GALLBHV. The irand- nt and moll valiuhle priTUe Institution in the Korld. Kare and coatly ■dditionii made within Uie Jul year. ECIAL... FEATURES. le tnrffett ind most com- iiollectiuii uf the Natural ury of America ever gut- togelher, consUtiiiir of 800.000 specimens, le most artistic arrange- t ever done by man. line ever was seen to I tlie representation of re that is here producetl, I the hiterestin^ features ie world illustrated in Lrt Gallery, consistinif of 1,000 scenes, e most comprehensive from the Olwervatory. may ascend ft.OOO feet, irou cannot see any more aifarasrciM^ry. e ini>st interesting cnl- m of deformities In any utiun. e I.ARCEST TRKIi taken from the forest — ity-seven feet in circum- ce. f siiecimen of a llump- mly perfect specimen in 55 CENTS. » SmithiMnilan ta thia inRtitntion. MB BSHM|! TWO DAYS AT NIARARA KALLS. 63 " Here, side by side, the Old and New Has each a charm spread out to view ; Frum where Niagara's thunders ruar By scarped cliff and frowning shore ; In fer'.ile fields and island groves, By winding streams and wrinkled coves, In haunts of pleasiuw gay with life. In scenes uf peace and ancient strife." TIME IS THE ESSENCE OF EVERY BUSINESS PROPOSITION OF THE END OF THE l9Ui CENTURY. NIAGARA FALLS is only 9 hours from New York by the New York Central. 15 hours from Boston by New York Central. Q}4 hours from Albany by New York Central. 13j^ hours from Montreal by New York Central. 7}4 hours from Saratoga by New York Central. 11 hours from the Adirondack Mountains by the New York Central. 6 hours from Richfield Springs by New York Central. 8 hours from Thousand Islands by New York Central. 5 hours from Cleveland by the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway. ry of New York * ^ State, but tV is the highest distinttion of the Nation and of the continent of America. No other like gift of Nature equally holds the interest of the world, or operates as an inducement for men to cross the vea^—New Yorh State Commissioners, fi'om their Report on the Preservation of the Stenery of Niagara Falls, 1880. ' TNt WTTHiwfNOTTMRur oo., cnMUTi MiT-nMimiis womt, wrrMO, «. ». flitting pns- the n the East period not he "Great e World's cpense for tickets (if Antral ft nmediateljr receipt for passenger lished with vhich will will have 1 Albany : , or on die Line, or W, as you ies of the ntages. the boat u to -have l*ew York OH and of re equally iducement tissioners. 'tentry of NEW YORK AS A SUMMER RESORT. t A Descriptive and Pictorial Review of its Unparalleled Attractions. oviox* Its hotels, parks, thea- tros, roof-gardens, its magnificent beaches, (inc fishing waters, and the thousand and one fea- tures of out-door life and sport, in the perfection of which the metropolis stands without a rival. This little book tells you all about localities, and means of getting about the city, and con- tains a vast amount of seasonable advice and information. Every summer visitor ' to the metropolis should have a copy of this book. be sent free, post-paid, to any address, on of a 2-cent stamp, by George H. Daniels, Passenger Agent, Grand Central Station, New _>B ••>»