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V— ^ 
 
 AN. 
 
 PRi: 
 
H I STORI CAL RECORD 
 
 ov 
 
 THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 OS IBS 
 
 HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT: 
 
 coNiAimira 
 
 AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT 
 
 In 1701, 
 
 AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES 
 To 1852. 
 
 COMPILED BY 
 
 RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., 
 
 ADJCTAKT general's OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS. 
 
 SntUtratelr iaitf) !&Utti. 
 
 LONDON: 
 PRINTED BY GEORGE E. EYRE AND WILLIAM SPOTTISWOODE, 
 
 PRINTERS TO THE QUKEN'S HOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. 
 
 FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 
 PUBLISHED BY PARKER, FURNIVALL, AND PARKER, 
 
 30, CHARINQ CROSS. 
 1853. 
 
w 
 
GENERAL R D E R S. 
 
 HORSE GUARDS, 
 
 } St January, 1835. 
 
 His Majesty has been pleased to command that, 
 with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regi- 
 ments, as well as to Individuals who have dis- 
 tinguished themselves by their bravery in Action 
 with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of 
 every Regiment in the British Army shall be pub- 
 lished under the superintendence and direction of 
 the Adjutant-General ; and that this Account shall 
 contain the following particulars, viz. : — 
 
 The Period and Circumstances of the Original 
 
 Formation of the Regiment ; The Stations at which 
 it has been from time to time employed; The Bat- 
 tles, Sieges, and other Military Operations in which 
 it has been engaged, particularly specifying any 
 Achievement it may have performed, and the 
 Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from 
 the Eneraj. 
 
 The Names of the Officers, and the number 
 
 of Non-Commissioned Officeis and Privates Killed 
 or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the Place 
 and Date of the Action. 
 
 a 
 
u 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS. 
 
 The Names of those Officers who, in con- 
 sideration of their Gallant Services and MeritoriouB 
 Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have 
 been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other 
 Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. 
 
 The Names of all such Officers, Non-Com- 
 
 missioned Officers, and Privates, as may have 
 specially signalized themselves in Action. 
 
 And, 
 
 The Badges and Devices which the Regi- 
 ment may have been permitted? to bear, and the 
 Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices, 
 or any other Marks of Distinction, have been 
 granted. 
 
 By Command of the Right Honorable 
 
 GENERAL LORD HILL, 
 
 Commanding-in- Chief, 
 
 John Macdonald, 
 Adjutant- General, 
 
^ lii ) 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 The character and credit of the British Army must 
 chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which 
 all who enter into its service are animated, and 
 consequently it is of the highest importance that any 
 measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, 
 by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved, 
 should be adopted. 
 
 Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplish- 
 ment of this desirable object than a full display of the 
 noble deeds with which the Military History of our 
 country abounds. To hold forth these bright ex- 
 amples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and 
 thus to incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct 
 of those who have preceded him in their honorable 
 career, are among the motives that have given rise 
 to the present publication. 
 
 The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, 
 announced in the " London Gazette," from whence 
 they are transferred into the public prints: the 
 achie\ ements of our armies are thus made known at 
 the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute 
 
 a 2 
 
iv 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 of praise and admiration to which they are entitled. 
 On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parha- 
 ment have been in the liabit of conferring on the 
 Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting 
 under their orders, expressions of approbation and 
 of thanks for their skill and bravery; and these 
 testimonials, confirmed by the high honour of tlieir 
 Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward 
 which the soldier most highly prizes. 
 
 It has not, however, until late years, been the prac- 
 tice (which appears to have long prevailed in some of 
 the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep 
 regular records of their services and achievements. 
 Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtain- 
 ing, particularly from the old Regiments, an authen- 
 tic account of their origin and subsequent services. 
 
 This defect will now be remedied, in consequence 
 of His Majesty having been pleased to command 
 that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and 
 ample record of its services at home and abroad. 
 
 From the materials thus collected, the country 
 will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties 
 and privations which chequer the career of those who 
 embrace the military profession. In Great Britain, 
 where so large a number of persons are devoted to 
 the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, 
 and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 long a period, been undisturbed by the presence of 
 war, which few other countries have escaped, com- 
 paratively little is known of the vicissitudes of active 
 service and of the casualties of climate, to which, 
 even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in 
 every part of the globe, with little or no interval of 
 repose. 
 
 In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which 
 the country derives from the industry and the enter- 
 prise of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy 
 inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on 
 the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor, — on 
 their sufferings, — and on the sacrifice of valuable life, 
 by which so many national benefits are obtained and 
 preserved. 
 
 The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, 
 andendurauccjhaveshoneconspicuouslyundergreat 
 and trying difficulties ; and their character has been 
 established in Continental warfare by the irresistible 
 spirit with which they have effected debarkations in 
 spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the 
 gallantry and steadiness with which they have main- 
 tained their advantages against superior numbers. 
 
 In the Official Reports made by the respective 
 Commanders, ample justice has generally been done 
 to the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but 
 the details of their services and of acts of individual 
 
VI 
 
 PREFACR. 
 
 bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the 
 various Regiments. 
 
 These Uecords are now preparing for publication, 
 under His Majesty's special authority, by Mr. 
 Richard Cannon, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant 
 General's Office ; and while the perusal of them can- 
 not fail to be useful and interesting to military men 
 of every rank, it is considered that they will also 
 afford entertainment and information to the general 
 reader, particularly to those who may have served in 
 the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. 
 
 There exists in the breasts of most of those who 
 have served, or are serving, in the Army, an Esprit 
 de Corps —an attachment to everything belonging 
 to their Regiment ; to such persons a narrative of 
 the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove 
 interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of 
 the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been 
 of paramount interest with a brave and civilized 
 people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes 
 who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood 
 " firm as the rocks of their native shore :" and when 
 half the world has been arrayed against them, they 
 have fought the battles of their Country with un- 
 shaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of 
 achievements in war, — victories so complete and 
 surprising, gained by our countrymen, our brothers. 
 
'EFACE. 
 
 vii 
 
 the 
 
 our fellow-citizens in arms, — a record which revives 
 the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant 
 deeds before us, — will certainly prove acceptable to 
 the public. 
 
 Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other 
 distinguished Officers will be introduced in the 
 Records of their respective Regiments, and the 
 Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to 
 time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testify- 
 ing the value and importance of its seiTices, will be 
 faithfully set forth. 
 
 As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record 
 of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct num- 
 ber, so that when the whole shall be completed the 
 Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. 
 
t0;f^i 
 
 ',', ;t-<. A 
 
 ^% 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 TO 
 
 THE I N F A N T R Y. 
 
 The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been 
 celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness, 
 and the national superiority of the British troops 
 over those of other countries has been evinced in 
 the midst of the most imminent perils. History con- 
 tains so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, 
 that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which 
 are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that 
 the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is 
 Intrepidity. This quality was evinced by the 
 inhabitants of England when their country was 
 invaded by Julius Caesar with a Roman army, on 
 which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into 
 the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they de- 
 scended from their ships ; and, although their dis- 
 cipline and arms were inferior to those of their 
 adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing 
 intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, in- 
 cluding Caesar's favourite tenth legion. Their arms 
 consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons 
 of rude construction. Thej^ had chariots, to the 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 M 
 
 axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron 
 resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long 
 chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and 
 fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit 
 or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off 
 with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were, 
 however, unavailing against Caesar's legions : in 
 the course of time a military system, with dis- 
 cipline and subordination, was introduced, and 
 British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted 
 to the greatest advantage ; a full development of 
 the national character followed, and it shone forth 
 in all its native brilliancy. 
 
 The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted 
 principally of infantry : Thanes, and other men of 
 property, however, fought on horseback The 
 infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. 
 The former carried large shields armed with spikes, 
 long broad swords and spears ; and the latter were 
 armed with swords or spears only. They had also 
 men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and 
 javelins. 
 
 The feudal troops established by William the 
 Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Intro- 
 duction to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse : 
 but when the warlike barons and knights, with their 
 trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a pro- 
 portion of men appeared on foot, and, although 
 these were of inferior degree, they proved stout- 
 hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipen- 
 diary troops were employed, infantry always con- 
 stituted a considerable portion of the military force ; 
 
TO THE INFANTRY. 
 
 XI 
 
 and this arme has since acquired, in every quarter 
 of the globe, a celebrity never exceeded by the 
 armies of any nation at any period. 
 
 The weapons carried by the infantry, during the 
 several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows 
 and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various 
 kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour 
 was worn on the head and body, and in course of 
 time the practice became general for military men 
 to be so completely cased in steel, that it was 
 almost impossible to slay them. 
 
 The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the 
 destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the 
 fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms 
 and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and 
 arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but 
 British archers continued formidable adversaries ; 
 and, owing to the inconvenient construction and im- 
 perfect bore of the fire-arms when first introduced, 
 a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow 
 from their youth, was considered a valuable acqui- 
 sition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth 
 century. 
 
 During a great part of the reign of Queen Eliza- 
 beth each company of infantry usually consisted of 
 men armed five different ways ; in every hundred 
 men forty were " men-at-arms" and sixty ^^shot ;" 
 the " men-at-arms " were ten halberdiers, or battle- 
 axe men, and thirty pikemen ; and the " shot " vv ere 
 twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty 
 harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his 
 principal weapon, a sword and dagger. 
 
xu 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 I 
 
 Companies of infantry varied at this period in 
 numbers from 150 to 300 men ; each company had 
 a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation re- 
 commended by an English military writer ( Sir John 
 Smithc) in 1590 was ; the colour in the centre of 
 the company guarded by the halberdiers ; the pike- 
 men in equal proportions, on each flank of the 
 halberdiers ; half the musketeers on each flank of 
 the pikes ; half the archers on each flank of the mus- 
 keteers, and the harquebusiers (whose arms were 
 much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal 
 proportions on each flank of the company for skir- 
 mishing.* It was customary to unite a number of 
 companies into one body, called a Regiment, which 
 frequently amounted to three thousand men ; but 
 each company continued to carry a colour. Nume- 
 rous improvements were eventually introduced in the 
 construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found 
 impossible to make armour proof against the muskets 
 then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without 
 its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was 
 gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seven- 
 teenth century : bows and arrows also fell into dis- 
 use, and the infantry were reduced to two classes, 
 imisketeers, armed with matchlock muskets, 
 
 VIZ. 
 
 * A company of 200 men would appear thus ; — 
 
 20 20 20 30 2 .30 20 20 20 
 
 arquebuses Archers j| Muskets. Pikes. ll.iltieril,. Pikes. Muskets. Archers. Ilarquebusen. 
 
 The mu&ket carried a ball which weighed t'o*^ of a pound ; and the 
 harquebus a ball which weighed Tj'jth of a pound. 
 
TO THE INFANTRY. 
 
 Xlll 
 
 iod in 
 ly had 
 on re- 
 r John 
 itre of 
 B pike- 
 of the 
 ank of 
 le mus- 
 is were 
 1 equal 
 or skir- 
 nber of 
 , which 
 !n ; but 
 Nume- 
 i(\ in the 
 n found 
 nuskets 
 without 
 3ur was 
 e seven- 
 into dis- 
 classes, 
 nuskets, 
 
 "% 
 
 -'& 
 
 20 
 
 », Ilarquebuiiea, 
 
 d; and the 
 
 swords, and daggers; a,ndpikemenj armed with pikes 
 from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords. 
 
 In the early part of the seventeenth century 
 Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the 
 strength of regiments to 1000 men. He caused the 
 gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in 
 flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each contain- 
 ing a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and 
 carried in pouches ; and he formed each regiment 
 into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division 
 of Pikemen. He also adopted the practice of form- 
 ing four regiments into a brigade ; and the number 
 of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each 
 regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that 
 his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated 
 Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers ; and his 
 armies became the admiration of other nations. His 
 mode of formation was copied by the English, 
 French, and other European states ; but so great 
 was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that 
 all his improvements were not adopted until near a 
 century afterwards. 
 
 In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea- 
 service, styled the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 
 each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30 
 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with 
 light firelocks. In this year the King added a com- 
 pany of men armed with hand grenades to each of 
 the old British regiments, which was designated the 
 " grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived 
 as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets, 
 
XIV 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 similar to those at present in use, were adopted 
 about twenty years afterwards. 
 
 An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by 
 order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and 
 was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot). 
 This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did 
 not carry pikes. 
 
 King William III. incorporated the Admiral's 
 regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised 
 two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the 
 war in this reign, each company of infantry (ex- 
 cepting the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 
 pikemen and 46 musketeers ; the captains carried 
 pikes ; lieutenants, partisans ; ensigns, half-pikes ; 
 and serjcivnts, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the 
 Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again 
 formed on the breaking out of the war in i 702.* 
 
 During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were 
 laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed 
 with a musket, bayonet, and sword ; the grenadiers 
 ceased, about the same period, to carry hand gre- 
 nades ; and the regiments were directed to lay aside 
 their third colour* the corps of Royal Artillery 
 was first added to the Army in this reign. 
 
 About the year 1745, the men of the battalion 
 companies of infantry ceased to carry swords ; during 
 
 I 
 
 I; 
 
 Hi- 
 
 w 
 
 M 
 
 * 'I'he 3()th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps 
 in 1 702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign of 
 Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under 
 Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and 
 in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at 
 the siege of Barcelona in 1705. 
 
■m 
 
 opted 
 
 J5,by 
 
 y, and 
 Foot), 
 rs, did 
 
 miral's 
 aised 
 ng the 
 y (cx- 
 iof 14 
 carried 
 -pikes ; 
 697 the 
 p again 
 ^02.* 
 es were 
 i armed 
 2nadiers 
 nd gre- 
 ay aside 
 Lrtillery 
 
 »attalion 
 ; during 
 
 [arine corps 
 ;he reign of 
 Fleet under 
 raltar, and 
 mployed at 
 
 TO THE INFANTRY. 
 
 XV 
 
 the reign of George II. hght companies were added 
 to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of 
 General Officers recommended that the grenadiers 
 should lay aside their swords, as that weapon had 
 never been used during the Seven Years' War. 
 Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier 
 have been limited to the musket and bayonet. 
 
 The arms and equipment of the British Troops 
 have seldom differed materially, since the Conquest, 
 from those of other European states ; and in some 
 respects the arming has, at certain periods, been 
 allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with 
 whom they have had to contend ; yet, under this 
 disadvantage, the bravery and superiority of the 
 British infantry have been evinced on very many 
 and most trying occasions, and splendid victories 
 have been gained over very superior numbers. 
 
 Great Britain has produced a rate of lion-like 
 champions who have dared to confront a host of 
 foes, and have proved themselves valiant with any 
 arms. At Crecy, King Edward III., at the head of 
 about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 
 1346, Philip King of France, whose army is said to 
 have amounted to 100,000 men ; here British valour 
 encountered veterans of renown : — the King of Bo- 
 hemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and 
 nobles were slain, and the French army was routed 
 and cut to pieces. Ten years afterwards, Edward 
 Prince of Wales, who was designated the Black 
 Prince, defeated at Poictiers, with 14,000 men, 
 a French army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, 
 and took John I., King of France, and his son, 
 
XVI 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 I) 
 
 Philip, prisoners. On the 2oth of October, 1415, 
 King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 
 men, although greatly exhausted by inurchcH, pri- 
 vations, and sickness, tlefeated, at A^'mcon/rfy the 
 Constable of France, at the head of the Hower of 
 the French nobility and an army said to amount to 
 60,000 men, and gained a complete victory. 
 
 During the seventy years' war between the United 
 Provinces of the Netherlands and the Spanish mo- 
 narchy, which commenced in 1.57H and termiiittted 
 in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the 
 States-General were celebrated for their imcon- 
 querablc spirit and firnmcss ;* and in the thirty 
 years' war between the Protestant Pi'inecH and the 
 Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the ser- 
 vice of Sweden and other states were celebrated for 
 deeds of heroism.f In the wars of Queen Anne, 
 the fame of the British army under the great 
 Marlborough was spread throughout the world • 
 and if we glance at the achievementN performed 
 within the memory of persons now living, there is 
 abundant proof that the Britons of the present ttge 
 are not inferior to their ancestors in the qualities 
 
 * nie brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse «)n Wiir, printed 
 in 1590, observes : — " I persuade myself ten thousand of our tmtiun 
 woul;] beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of tlio field, 
 let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time thu Spanish 
 infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Kuropp, For 
 instances of valour displayed by the IJritish Infantry dufin|< tho 
 seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the 'I'hiril l''o(>t, or 
 Buffs. 
 
 t Vide the Historical Record of the First, or Royul Regiment of 
 Foot. 
 
•»: 
 
 1415, 
 
 i;j,ooo 
 
 CH, pri- 
 ///•/, the 
 jwer of 
 
 DUUt to 
 
 United 
 
 IhIi 1110- 
 
 ninated 
 
 ol* the 
 
 uncon- 
 
 thirty 
 
 and the 
 
 the 8er- 
 
 •ated ibr 
 
 n Anne, 
 
 e great 
 
 *. world • 
 
 n'tbnned 
 
 there is 
 
 Hent age 
 
 quahties 
 
 Hr, ])rinted 
 our titttiun 
 of tlio field, 
 the Mpttnish 
 irojie. For 
 (luring the 
 ii'tl Foot, or 
 
 llcgiment of 
 
 TO THE INFANTRY. 
 
 xvn 
 
 1 
 
 which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds 
 of the brave men, of whom there are many now 
 surviving, iifrho fought in Egypt in 1801, under the 
 brave Abercromby, and compelled the French army, 
 which had been vainly styled Invincible^ to eva- 
 cuate that country ; also the services of the gallant 
 Troops during the arduous campaigns in the Pen- 
 insula, under the immortal Welli^'gton ; and the 
 determined stand made by the British Army at 
 Waterloo, where Napoleon Bonaparte, who had 
 long been the inveterate enemy of Great Britain, 
 and had sought and planned her destruction by 
 every means he could devise, was compelled to 
 leave his vanquished legions to their fate, and to 
 place himself at the disposal of the British Govern- 
 ment. These achievements, with others of recent 
 dates, in the distant climes of India, prove that the 
 same valour and constancy which glowed in the 
 breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt, 
 Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the 
 Britons of the nineteenth century. 
 
 The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust 
 and muscular frame, — intrepidity which no danger 
 can appal, — unconquerable spirit and resolution, — 
 patience in fatigue and privation, and cheerful obe- 
 dience to his superiors. These qualities, united with 
 an excellent system of order and discipline to regu- 
 late and give a skilfiil direction to the energies and 
 adventurous spirit of the hero, and a wise selection 
 of officers of superior talent to command, whose 
 presence inspires confidence, — have been the leading 
 causes of the splendid victories gained by the British 
 
 h 
 
XVlll 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 arms.* The fame of the deeds of the past and 
 present generations in the various battle-fields where 
 the robust sons of Albion have fought and conquered, 
 surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory ; 
 these achievements will live in the page of history to 
 the end of time. 
 
 The records of the several regiments will be found 
 to contain a detail of facts of an interesting character, 
 connected with the hardships, sufferings, and gallant 
 exploits of British soldiers in the various parts of the 
 world where the calls of their Country and the com- 
 mands of their Sovereign have required them to 
 proceed in the execution of their duty, whether in 
 
 * " Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Mi^esty ascribes 
 the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in Egfypt to 
 that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but His Miyesty 
 desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed on the conside- 
 ration of every part of the army, that it has been a strict observance of 
 order, discipline, and mihtary system, which has ^iven the full energy 
 to the native valour of the troops, and has enabled them proudly to 
 assert the superiority of the national mihtary character, in situations 
 imcommonly arduous, and under circumstances of pecuUar difficulty." 
 — General Orders in 1801. 
 
 In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope 
 (afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the suc- 
 cessful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January 1809, 
 it is stated : — " On no occasion has the undaunted valour of British 
 troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a severe and 
 harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority which the enemy 
 had acquired, and which had materially impaired the efficiency of the 
 troops, many disadvantages were to be encountered. These have all 
 been surmounted by the conduct of the troops themselves : and the 
 enemy has been taught, that whatever advantages of position or of 
 numbers he may possess, there is inherent in the British officers and 
 soldiers a bravery that knows not how to yield, — that no circumstances 
 can appal,— and that will ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by 
 the exertion of any human means." 
 
 m. 
 
TO THE INFANTRY. 
 
 XIX 
 
 9t and 
 ! where 
 [uered, 
 glory ; 
 tory to 
 
 3 found 
 iracter, 
 gallant 
 5 of the 
 le com- 
 lem to 
 ;ther in 
 
 ty ascribes 
 Egypt to 
 _j Mtyesty 
 le conside- 
 servance of 
 full energy 
 proudly to 
 situations 
 difficulty/" 
 
 i> 
 
 ohn Hope 
 n the 8UC- 
 uary 1809, 
 of British 
 severe and 
 I the enemy 
 incy of the 
 se have all 
 ) : and the 
 ition or of 
 ifficers and 
 sumstances 
 •btained by 
 
 active continental operations, or in maintaining colo- 
 nial territories in distant and unfavourable climes. 
 
 The superiority of the British infantry has been 
 pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries, 
 and admitted by the greatest commanders which 
 Europe has produced. The formations and move- 
 ments of this armey as at present practised, while 
 they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to 
 all probable situations and circumstances of service, 
 are calculated to show forth the brilliancy of military 
 tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific 
 principles. Although the movements and evolutions 
 have been copied from the continental armies, yet 
 various improvements have from time to time been 
 introduced, to ensure that simplicity and celerity by 
 which the superiority of the national military cha- 
 racter is maintained. The rank and influence which 
 Great Britain has attained among the nations of the 
 world, have in a great measure been purchased by 
 the valour of the Army, and to persons who have 
 the welfare of their country at heart, the records 
 of the several re^ments cannot fail to prove inte- 
 resting. 
 

THE THIRTY-RnCTII RROIMRNT 
 
 BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR AND 
 
 APPOINTMENTS 
 
 THE WORD " FIRM ;" 
 
 ALSO THE WORD " HINDOOSTAN,*' 
 
 IN COMMEMORATION OF ITS DISTINOUMHRD SERVICES 
 
 IN THE SEVERAL ACTIONS IN WHICH IT 
 
 WAS ENGAGED IN INDIA FROM 
 
 1790 TO 1793 ; 
 
 AND 
 THE WORDS "ROLEIA," " VIMIERA," 
 
 "corunna," "salamanca," "pyrenees," 
 "nivelle," "nivb," "orthes," 
 " toulouse," and " peninsula," 
 
 IN testimony OF ITS GALLANTRY IN THE SEVERAL 
 
 ACTIONS FOUGHT DURING THE WAR IN PORTUGAL, 
 
 SPAIN, AND THE SOUTH OF FRANCE, FROM 
 
 1808 TO 1814. 
 
Hit. 
 
THE 
 
 THIllT Y-SIXTH, 
 
 on 
 
 IlERErORDSIIIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 HISTORICAL RECOED. 
 
 Year. 
 1700. 
 
 1701, 
 
 1702. 
 
 »» 
 
 1704. 
 
 1705. 
 
 » 
 
 i> 
 1706. 
 
 707. 
 
 1708. 
 1709. 
 
 1710. 
 
 iNTROnUCTION - - » • 
 
 Formation of the regiment - . . - 
 
 William Viscount Charlcmont appointed Colonel of the 
 
 regiment - ..... 
 
 War of the Spanish succession ... 
 
 Expedition to Cadiz - - - - - 
 
 The regiment embarked for Cadiz - - 
 
 Embarkation return of (lie regiment . . - 
 
 Detached to the West Indies ... 
 
 Returned to Ireland - - - - . 
 
 Embarked for Spain .... 
 
 Siege of Barcelona - . ... 
 
 Capture of iJ/(m(/Mjo/t ...... 
 
 Surrender of Barcelona - - . . . - 
 
 Barcelona invested by the French and Spaniards 
 Successful defence of the place by the Allies 
 Withdrawal of the enemy from Barcelona . - . 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel Tliomas Alnutt appointed Colonel of the 
 regiment ..... 
 
 The regiment embarked for Valencia ... 
 C ajjture of llcqncna and Cuenza ... 
 
 liattle of Almanza ... - . . . 
 
 Casualties of the regiment „ . - 
 
 Recruiting of the regiment - . . - 
 
 Colonel Archibald Earl of Hay appointed Colonel of the 
 regiment ..... 
 
 Colonel Desney appointed Colonel of the regunent 
 
 Page. 
 1 
 
 ib. 
 
 3 
 4 
 5 
 6 
 7 
 
 ib. 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 
 11 
 
 ib 
 
 • 
 
 13 
 ib. 
 13 
 
 ib. 
 14 
 ib. 
 
 15 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 18 
 ib. 
 

 ill 
 
 yi CONTENTS. 
 
 Yoar. 
 
 1711. Expedition ngninst (^w/i((,' - - - 
 „ The rcpiinent selected lo fomi part thereof 
 „ Keturned to England - . . - 
 
 1712. Embarked for Dunkirk - - . . . 
 
 1713. Treaty of Utreelil signed ... 
 
 1714. The regiment returned tf England 
 „ Proceeded to Ireland - - - - 
 
 1715. Colonel William Egerton appointed Colonel of the regi- 
 
 ment ... - - 
 „ The regiment embarked for Scotland 
 
 „ Battle of Shtriffmuir . - . - • 
 
 „ Arrival of the Pretender in Scotland - - - 
 
 1716. The Pretender returned to France 
 „ Termination of the Rebellion - - - - 
 
 1718. The regiment proceeded to Ireland . . . 
 
 1710. Embarked for Great Britain . . - - 
 
 „ Brigadier (ieneral Sir ("liarles Ilotham, Bart., appointed 
 
 Colonel of the regiment . . . - 
 
 1720. The reghnent returned lo Ireland 
 „ Colonel .lohn Pocoek appointed Colonel of the regiment - 
 
 1721. Lieut.-Colonel Charles Lenoe appointed Colonel of the regi- 
 
 ment - - .... 
 
 17.S2, Brigadier-General .Tohn Moylc appointed Colonel of the 
 regiment - - . . . 
 
 1737. Lieut.-Colonel Humphrey Eland appointed Colonel of the 
 regiment ...._. 
 
 1739. The regiment removed from Ireland to Great Britain 
 
 1740. Part of the regiment embarked for the West Indies 
 
 1741. Lieut. -Colonel James Fleming appointed Colonel of the 
 
 regiment ... . . 
 
 „ Operations against Carthmjcna - - - - 
 
 „ Siege of J[/r)r7v»-t,7(/or/ and of the Castle of Zflzar 
 ,, Peturn of the expedition to Jamaica . - . 
 
 „ The portion of the regiment which liad been employed on 
 
 tliis service retunied to England ... 
 
 c 
 
 1743. The regiment stationed in Great Britain - - - 
 
 1744. War of the Austrian Succession - . - 
 „ The regiment embarked for Flanders ... 
 
 1745. Picbellion in Scotland - .... 
 „ The regiment returned to ICngland - - . 
 
 174G. Battle of Falkirk - - .. . 
 
 „ Battle of Culloden - - . . 
 
 „ Suppression of the Rebellion .... 
 
 1747. The regiment returned to Flanders 
 „ Battle of Laffuhl, or Val 
 
 1748. Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle .... 
 „ The regiment returned to England 
 
 1749. Embarked for Gibraltai 
 
 Page . 
 19 
 ih. 
 20 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 21 
 . ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ■ ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 22 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 23 
 
 '7,. 
 ib. 
 
 ih. 
 
 ih 
 
 ib. 
 24 
 ih: 
 
 ib. 
 25 
 ih. 
 26 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib- 
 
 ib. 
 27 
 
 ib. 
 ih. 
 
 28 
 29 
 30 
 
 ib. 
 ih. 
 
 31 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ■ '-V'- 
 
 'M 
 
 <!t4t*- 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Vll 
 
 20 
 
 ib. 
 
 ih. 
 
 21 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 22 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 23 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib 
 
 ib. 
 24 
 ib: 
 
 ib. 
 25 
 ib. 
 26 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib' 
 
 ib. 
 
 27 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 28 
 29 
 30 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 31 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 Year. 
 1751. 
 
 1754. 
 
 »> 
 1755. 
 1756. 
 
 >» 
 1757. 
 1758. 
 
 1759. 
 
 1760. 
 1761. 
 
 1762. 
 1763. 
 1764. 
 1765. 
 
 1773. 
 1774. 
 
 1775, 
 1778. 
 
 1782. 
 1783. 
 
 1784. 
 
 1785 
 to 
 
 1788. 
 
 Page. 
 
 Colonel Lord llobert Manners appointed Colonel of the 
 
 regiment - - - - - 31 
 
 Royal Warrant of the 1st of July 1751 for ensuring uni- 
 formity in the clothing, standards, and colours of the 
 
 army, and regulating the number and rank of regiments ib. 
 
 The regiment embarked at Gibraltar for England - ib. 
 
 Stationed in North Britain - - - 32 
 
 The regiment removed to South Britain - - - ib. 
 
 Augmented to two battalions - - - - - ib. 
 
 Encamped at Chatham - ... • ib. 
 
 Encamped at Barham Downs - - - • ib. 
 
 The second battalion of the Tuiuty-sixth formed into a 
 
 distinct corps, and numbered the Sevenly-fourth regiment 33 
 
 The Thibtv-sixth regiment formed part of the expedition 
 
 against St. Maloes - - ... ib. 
 
 Returned to England - - - - - 34 
 
 Second expedition to the coast of France - - ib. 
 
 Capture of Cherbourg - - - - - ib. 
 
 Destruction of the batteries in tlie bay of St. Lunaire - ib. 
 
 Return of the regiment to England - - - . ib. 
 
 Encamped at Chatham ... . i/j. 
 
 Encamped at Sandheatli .... . H,, 
 
 Proceeded with the expedition against Bellc-Tnle - - 35 
 
 Capture of the island - - - - 36 
 
 The regiment returned to England - ,. - ib. 
 
 Encamped at Sandheatli - - - - • ib. 
 
 Treaty of Eontainebleau concluded ... n,. 
 
 The regiment embarked for Jamaica - - - ib. 
 
 Major-General Richard Pierson appointed Colonel of the 
 
 regiment - - - - - - ib. 
 
 Return of the regiment to England from Jamaica - - 37 
 
 The light company reviewed in Richmond-park by King 
 
 George III. - - - - - . i/j. 
 
 Embarkation of the regiment for Ireland - - - ib. 
 
 Colonel the Hon. Henry St. John appointed Colonel of the 
 
 regiment - - - - - - ib. 
 
 The Thirty-sixth designated the Herefordshire regi- 
 ment - - - - - . - ih. 
 Removed from Ireland to England - - - ib. 
 
 Embarked for the P]ast Indies' - - 38 
 Employed against the forces of Tippoo Sail), the Sultan of 
 
 Mysore - ... . . . . ,/,, 
 
 Proceeded to Matiyaloic ... . . ,y,. 
 
 Capture of Cuimanore - - - - . 39 
 
 Peace concluded with Tippoo Saib .... ib. 
 
 1 
 
 The regiment stationed in the Madras presidency 
 
ijiii ' 
 
 Vlll 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Year, Page. 
 
 1789. Renewal of hostilities with Tippoo Sail) - - - 39 
 1791). The regiment selected to form part of the force undjr 
 
 Major- General Aledows - - - - 40 
 
 „ Advance of the troops towards the Coinibatore country - ib. 
 
 „ The regimen' detached to the relief of Colonel Floyd - 41 
 
 „ Battle of SaUimniigulum .... Ht. 
 
 „ Battle of Sbaumir - - - - - 46 
 
 „ Subsequent operations against of Tippoo Saib - - 49 
 
 1791. The army reviewed by General Charles Earl Cornwallis - 50 
 „ Siege of Bamjithrc - - - - - 51 
 „ Capture of that fortress - - - - - 53 
 „ Advance of troops towards Seringaputam - - - 54 
 „ Keturned to Bangalore - - - - 55 
 „ Capture of Numlijdrooij - - - - - 57 
 
 1792. March of the troops towards Sc/v/if/i /;«</« w ... 58 
 „ Assault of the fortified camp of Tippoo Saib - - 61 
 „ Siege of Seriugupulam - - - - - 62 
 „ Treaty of peace concluded with Tippoo Saib . - ib. 
 
 1793. War with France - . - . - - 63 
 „ The regiment ordered to the Coro. ..ndel coast - - ib. 
 „ Capture of the French settlement of I'lmilichcrn/ - - 64 
 „ The regiment returned to Madras - - - . ib. 
 
 1794. Stationed at Trii.'hi!U)po1y - . .... ti. 
 
 1795. Proceeded to Negapatam - - - - - ti. 
 
 1796 1 
 
 and > Stationed at Warriore - - - . . ij, 
 
 1797. J 
 
 1798. Embarked at Madras for England - - - ib. 
 
 1799. Arrived at Greenhithe, and afterwards proceeded to Win- 
 
 chester - - - . - - - li. 
 „ Authorized to bear the word "irixDoosTAN" on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments .... ji. 
 
 1800. l^^nibarked for Ireland .... - - 65 
 „ Troceeded with an expedition against the coast of France - ib. 
 „ Landed at (Julhavn - - - - • ib, 
 „ Embarked at Minorca - - ■ - • ib. 
 
 1801. Stationed in that island .... - • ib. 
 
 1802. Feace of Amiens - . ' • • ib. 
 „ The regiment returned to Ireland - - - . ib. 
 
 1803. llenewal of the war with France - - . . ib. 
 
 1804. A second battalion added to the regiment - - - 66 
 
 1805. The first battalion embarked for Germany - . ib. 
 
 1806. Returned to England - - . - - 67 
 „ The first battalion embarked for Buenos Ayres - - ib. 
 
 1S07. Operations against Buenos Ai/res . . -68 
 
 „ Return of the battah'on to Europe - . - 69 
 
 „ Stationed in [reland - - - • - ib, 
 
 1808. I'-nibaiked for I'ortngal witii the troops under Lieut- 
 General the Hon. Sir -Arthar Welleshy - . ib, 
 „ Battle of lioleia - - - . - - 70 
 „ Authorized to bear the word " L'oi.kia " on the regimental 
 
 colour and appointments - - _ , ,"j. 
 
 
 
M 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 'age. 
 39 
 
 40 
 ib. 
 41 
 ib. 
 46 
 49 
 
 50 
 51 
 
 53 
 54 
 55 
 57 
 
 58 
 61 
 62 
 ib. 
 
 63 
 ib. 
 64 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 65 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 lb. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 66 
 ib. 
 67 
 ib. 
 
 68 
 
 69 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 70 
 ib. 
 
 Year. 
 1808. 
 
 1809. 
 
 v^ 
 
 It 
 
 Hil 
 
 »» 
 
 ■.'■M 
 
 »» 
 
 
 t» 
 
 ^:_i,' 
 
 ->•';- 
 
 1810. 
 
 M. 
 
 1811. 
 
 1812. 
 
 1813. 
 
 1814. 
 
 1815. 
 
 
 Battle of Vimiera - - • • - 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " Vimiera " on the regimental 
 colour and appointments - - - - 
 
 Advance into Spain - - . - » 
 
 Joined the army under Lieut.-General Sir John Moore 
 Retreat on Corunna .... 
 
 Battle of Corunna • - • ... 
 
 Authorized to bear the word "Corunna" on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments - - - - 
 Embarkation of the battalion for England 
 Proceeded with the expedition to the Scheldt » 
 Arrived at Walcheren - - - - 
 Siege and capture of Flushing _ . - . 
 Casualties of the battalion . - - 
 lleturned to England . . . - . 
 
 Stationed at Battle . - - - 
 
 Embarked for the Peninsula ... 
 Actions at Fucntes d'Onor . . . 
 
 Affair of Burba del Puerco 
 Affairs of Especha and Ronda 
 Siege and capture of Ciudad Rodrigo 
 Siege and capture of Badajoz 
 Battle of Salamanca . . . 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " S^vlamanca " on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments - - - 
 Siege of Burgos ... - . . 
 Retreat from Burgos . . . - . 
 
 Battle of Vittoria 
 
 Crossing of the Pyrenees - .... 
 
 Operations near Pampeluna - - - - 
 
 Action at Sorauren - - « - - - 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " Pyrenees " on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments - - - - 
 
 Affairs of Urdax .-.--- 
 Battle of the Nivelk ..... 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " Nivelle " on the regimental 
 colour and appointments .... 
 
 Passage of the Nive . - . - 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " Nive " on the regimental 
 colour and appointments - . - - . 
 
 Blockade of Bayonne ..... 
 
 Battle of Orthes ...... 
 
 Authorized to bear the word " Orthes " on the regimental 
 colour and appointments - - . . - 
 
 Affairs of Vic Bigorre and Tarbes . . - 
 
 Battle of Toulouse .... 
 
 Authorized to bear the words "Toulouse" and "Penin- 
 sula" on the regimental colour and appointments 
 Sortie from Bayonne .... 
 
 Termination of the Peninsular war _ . - 
 
 The second battalion disbanded - - - 
 
 Return of Napoleon to France - - - - 
 
 Battle of Waterloo ..... 
 
 The regiment embarked for Ostend 
 
 Marched to Paris . - - .... 
 
 is 
 
 Page. 
 70 
 
 71 
 
 72 
 ib. 
 T3 
 
 74 
 
 75 
 ib. 
 75 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 lb. 
 77 
 
 ib. 
 
 lb. 
 lb. 
 lb. 
 78 
 
 79 
 lb. 
 
 80 
 
 82 
 lb. 
 lb. 
 
 83 
 lb. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 84 
 tb. 
 
 S5 
 
 tb. 
 
 86 
 
 ib. 
 lb. 
 
 87 
 
 88 
 lb. 
 
 89 
 
 91 
 93 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 93 
 tb. 
 lb. 
 

 X CONTENTS. 
 
 Year. Page 
 
 1815. lleturned to England - - - " " ?^ 
 
 1810. Stationed at Portsmouth - - - - ib. 
 „ Permitted to resume the word "Firm" on the regimental 
 
 colour and appointments - - - - 94 
 
 1817. Embarked for Malta • - - - - ib. 
 
 18 IH. General George Don appointed Colonel of the regiment - ib. 
 
 1820. Embarked for the Ionian Islands - - - 95 
 
 1821. Casualties from sickness - - - - - jo. 
 
 ISa.'j. Augmentation of establishment - - - - 97 
 
 „ Formed into «<.r service and yJjMr rf<7)o< companies - - ib. 
 
 „ Ueturned from the Ionian Islands to England - - ib. 
 
 1827. Embarked for Ireland - - . - - ib. 
 
 l»2tf. Lieut.-Generul Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Bart., appointed 
 
 Colonel of the regiment - - - - 98 
 
 1830. Formed into jsi'jrscmrfl and /oMr //e;?(i< companies - - ib. 
 
 „ Service companies embarked for the West Indies - - tb. 
 
 18.33. Removed from Burbadoes to Antigua • • - ib. 
 
 1835. Proceeded to St. Lticia 99 
 
 „ Depot companies removed from Ireland to England - ib. 
 
 1837. Service companies returned to Barbadoes ... ib. 
 
 1888. DepSt companies returned to Ireland ... ib. 
 
 „ Service companies embarlicd for Nova Scotia - - ib. 
 
 „ Complimentary Order prior to embarkation - - 100 
 
 1839. Service companies stationed at Fredericton, New Brunswick ib. 
 
 1841. Removed to St. John's, New Brunswick - - - 101 
 
 1848. Embarked for Ireland - - - - - ib. 
 
 1846. Removed from Ireland to Great Britain - - - ib 
 
 1846. Formed into two battalions .... n,^ 
 „ Presentation of new colours - - 102 
 
 1847. The first and reserve battalion embarked for the Ionian 
 
 Islands - - - - . ib. 
 
 1848. The reserve battalion employed in suppressing an insur- 
 
 rection in Cephalonia - - - - - 103 
 
 1849. Part of the first battalion employed on a similar service - 104 
 «, The reserve battalion again employed in operations con- 
 nected with the outbreak - - - - 105 
 
 I8.')0, The establishment of the regiment reduced - - ib. 
 
 „ The reserve consolidated with the first battalion - - ib. 
 
 1851, Tlie four dep6t companies embarked at Cephalonia for 
 
 England - - . - . . - ib. 
 
 „ The service companies proceeded from Corfu to Barbadoes ib. 
 
 „ Major-(jcneral the Lord Frederick FitzClarence, G.C.H., 
 
 appointed Colonel of the regiment . . » jj. 
 
 18.")2. Thi' service companies removed from Barbadoes to Trinidad ib. 
 „ Tlie flepot companies proceeded from Parkhurst to Fort 
 
 Pembroke Dock .... • ib. 
 
 ,. Conclusion - - - - - - ib. 
 
Page 
 
 93 
 
 . ib. 
 
 94 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 95 
 
 ib. 
 
 97 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 98 
 
 ib. 
 xb. 
 
 ib. 
 
 99 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 100 
 
 ib. 
 
 101 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib 
 
 ib. 
 102 
 
 ib. 
 
 103 
 104 
 
 105 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 ll 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS 
 
 OF 
 
 
 THE THIRTY-SIXTH REGIMENT. 
 
 Year. 
 1701. 
 1706. 
 1709. 
 1710. 
 1715. 
 1719. 
 1720. 
 1721. 
 1732. 
 1737. 
 1741. 
 1751. 
 1765. 
 1778. 
 1818. 
 1829. 
 1851. 
 
 William Viscount Charlemont 
 
 Thomas Alnutt - - . 
 
 Archibald Earl of Hay 
 
 Henry Desney - - 
 
 William Egerton 
 
 Sir Charles Hotham, Bart. 
 
 John Pocock . . - 
 
 Charles Lenoe - - . 
 
 John Moyle ... 
 
 Humphrey Bland 
 
 James Fleming 
 
 Lord Robert Manners 
 
 Sir liichard Pierson, K.B. 
 
 The Honorable Henry St. John 
 
 Sir George Don, G.C.B. 
 
 Sir Roger Hale SheaflFe, Bart. 
 
 fjord Frederick FitzClarence, G.C.H. 
 
 Page. 
 
 ■ 107 
 - 110 
 
 • 110 
 
 ■ 112 
 
 • ib. 
 
 ■ 113 
 
 ib. 
 
 ■ 114 
 
 • ib. 
 
 • 115 
 
 • ib. 
 
 ■ 116 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 117 
 
 ■ 118 
 
 • 119 
 
m 
 
 IP! 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 l^ng«' 
 
 Copy of the General Ordera issued by the Commander-ln-Chlff 
 of Madras, upon the regiment being ordered to return to Grt'Ot 
 Britain ...... 
 
 Copy of an Order issued by the Governor in Council upon th« 
 regiment quitting ISIodras ..... 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Arthur 
 Wellesley, KB., to Viscount Castlereagh, Secretary of State, 
 respecting the exemplary conduct of the regiment at the buttlo 
 ofVimiera ....... 
 
 General orders of the 18th of January and 1st of February 180V, 
 relating to the battle of Corunna and the death of Lieut.* 
 General Sir John Moore . . . . „ 
 
 List of regiments which composed the army under Lieut.-General 
 Sir John Moore - - - - - - - 
 
 Documents relating to the "word "Firm " borne by the regiment • 
 
 Memoir of Lieut-General Robert Burpe, formerly Lieut, -Colont^l 
 of the regiment - - • - 
 
 \'il 
 
 il/. 
 
 124 
 fib 
 
 PLATES. 
 
 Colours of the regiment 
 Battle of Viraiera 
 Costume of the regiment 
 
 i'ugv, 
 
 tu/uvt 1 
 
 ■ 71 
 
 IOC 
 
- n 
 
 •!!■ 
 
TjEI [I JR T Y i^mrm ik ik (?) \ m iK n i\ 
 
 
 
 >..'! 
 
 ^? 
 
 hGIMJElY^i'AlL ( • D!l,0'J 'U 
 
 mi^ 
 
 i « 
 
 1 «iil:lJf:»^ 
 
 v:i 
 
 i<l^:<«iK, 
 
 
 v«J*IKt)ls. 
 
 u3JI«JI{Ji/. 
 
 For Ciunmii Militjry hVcord.s 
 
 '/irVrt /uJUmUnfnn.S'SiKn^ 
 
'1', 
 
 HISTORICAL RECORD 
 
 
 on 
 
 THE TIIIUTY-SIXTI[, 
 
 ft 
 \4. 
 
 OU TU£ 
 
 IlKrvKFOKDSlllKK KKGlMEiNT OF FOOT. 
 
 Charles II., King of Simin, being afFocted with a 1700. 
 dangerous indi;iposition, the European power."*, in order 
 to itrevont the contention whieh was ex[)ected to arise 
 on the (^k^cease of that monarch, dcternxined to divide 
 the 8pani.-*h territories among the several competitors. 
 The first "Partition Treaty'" was concluded between 
 France, England, and Holland, on the 29th of August 
 1G98 ; but a second Treaty was rendered necessary, in 
 consecpience of the death of the Electond Prince of 
 Btivaria, who had been declared heir to the Spanish 
 Crown; accordingly, on the 15th of March 1700, a 
 second 'i'reaty was entered into between the same con- 
 tracting j)owcrs, by which it was arranged that Charles 
 Archduke of Austria, the second son of Leopold Empe- 
 ror of Germany, shoidd succeed to the throne of Sj)ain, 
 a certain [)ortioi\ of the territories of that Kingdom 
 being, as before, allotted to the Dauphin of France ; 
 
 A 
 
lIlsrOKK AL KIUOUI) OF TIIK TIIIUl Y-8IX'rH, 
 
 i| 
 
 nOO.uiul the Duke of Lormin vvuti to receive Milan in ex- 
 change lor \m own country, whicii wan to be given to 
 the French nation. 
 
 The long expected deiuirte of the King of Spain 
 occurred on the Ist of November 1700; and that So- 
 vereign, iuceneed at the ditfiueuibernient of hia domi- 
 nioud, bequeathed the S[»anitth monarchy to rhili[> Duke 
 of Anjou, BBCoud son of the Dauphin of France ; and 
 Louia XIV., disregarding the treatict* to which he had 
 been a i)arty, determined to Hupport hiy grandson'tJ 
 accesaion to the throne of Spain. 
 
 The French at thiH period overran tlie Spanish 
 Netherlands and seized several strong towns, partly 
 garrisoned by the Dutch, which compelled the States 
 of Holland to acknowledge the Duke of Anjou's title, 
 with a view of obtaining their soldiers, who were not 
 permitted to return, without difficulty. 
 
 1701. It is a singular circumstance of the time, that King 
 William, seeing the unwillingness of the nation to 
 engage in a fresh war, actually acknowledged the 
 Duke of Anjou as King of Spain, and sent him a 
 letter of congratulation. In May 1701, however, the 
 House of Commons unanimously resolved to assist the 
 Dutch, and provide succours for the States General, in 
 order to maintain the liberties of Europe. Several 
 regiments were in the following month embarkv-u for 
 Holland; and additions were also made to the army 
 and navy. 
 
 On the 28th of June 1701 a Royal Warrant was 
 issued authorizing William Viscount Charlemont to 
 mise a regiment in Ireland, which was afterwards 
 numbered the Thirty-sixth. 
 
 England might have abstained from open hostilities 
 with France had it not been for the following cir- 
 cumstance : — In the midst of these preparations the 
 decease of James II. occurred at St. Germains on the 
 
ou niii UKUEFOunsniKE reoinent of voot. 3 
 
 Spain 
 
 :Ml 
 
 lat So- 
 
 ;^B 
 
 ( domi- 
 
 '^B 
 
 > Duko 
 
 '^B 
 
 u; and 
 
 IB 
 
 he had 
 
 ^W 
 
 ndson'rf 
 
 ''k 
 
 Spanish 
 
 
 1 6th of Scptcniboi- 1701, and his Hon, the titular 1701. 
 Piiiioc of \VaU'.-<, was iniincMliatcly proclaiinud, by 
 order of Louis XIV., as Kinj^ of iCnj^land, Scuthtnd, 
 and Irrlan.l, by the title of King Jaiucd III. Thin 
 indignity to tiie British Sovereign and Nation, added to 
 the contemplated union of the crownt* of Franec and 
 Spain, made war inevitable; and King William, with 
 the Emperor of Austria and the States (ieneral, con- 
 cluded ** thf (irnnd Alliance,''* the principal object** of 
 which were to procure the Spanish NetherlimdM aH u 
 barrier for the Dutch, and to prevent Franco and H[)ain 
 becoming eventually under the sway of the Hunie 
 Prince. 
 
 War was thus on the eve of being proclainied, whenl7U2. 
 King William met with the accident which terminated 
 in his decease on the 8th of March 1702 ; the acceHsion 
 of Queen Anne, however, caused no alteration in the 
 jiolicy of her predecessor ; and war was declared against 
 France and Spain ou the 4th of May following; addi- 
 tional forces were sent to Flanders, and the Karl of 
 Marlborough was appointed to conmiand the liritiiih, 
 Dutch, and auxiliary troops, with the rank of Captain- 
 General. The contest which ensued is known as *• the 
 tint?' of the Spanish succession." 
 
 Six regiments had been added to the regular army in 
 the year 1702 as marine corps, and six other of the 
 regular regiments of infantry (the Tliiinv-siXTii being 
 among the number) were aj/pointed for sea service ; ua 
 shown in the following list: — 
 
 The six regiments of marines were, — 
 
 Colonel Thouias Saunderson's, now Thirtieth l'u«)t. 
 Colonel George Villiers's, now Tliirty-first focd. 
 Colonel Ethvard Fox's, now Thirty-second toot. 
 Colonel Harry Mordaunt's, disbanded in 1713. 
 Colonel Henry Holl's, disbanded in 1713. 
 Colonel Viscount Shannon's, disbanded in 1713. 
 
 A 2 
 
 ;i# 
 
4 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE TIIIRTY-SIXTII, 
 
 1702. Tlie six regiments of foot for sea service were, — 
 Colonel Ventris Columbine's, now Sixth foot. 
 Colonel Thomas Eric's, now Nineteenth foot. 
 Colonel Gustavii.s Hamilton's, now Twentieth foot. 
 Colonel Lord Lucas's, now Thirty-fourth foot. 
 Colonel Earl of Donegal's, now Thirty-fifth foot. 
 Colonel Viscount Charlemont's, now Thiiity-sixtii foot. 
 
 The following is .a copy of the Koyal Warrant for 
 levying this body of men, which was dated the 1st of 
 .Tnne 1702. 
 " Anne R. 
 
 " Our pleasure is, that this establishment of six 
 " regiments of marines and six other regiments for sea 
 " service do connnence and take i)lace from the respec- 
 " tive times of raising. 
 
 '" And our further pleasure is, tliat the order given 
 " by our dearest brother, the late King deceased, and 
 " such orders as are, or shall be, given by us, touching 
 " the pay or entertainment of our said fV)ices, or any of 
 " them, or any charges thereunto belonging, sliall be 
 " duly complied with ; and that no new charge be 
 " added to this establishment withont beinu: connnuni- 
 *' cated to our High Treasurer or Conmiissioners of our 
 " Treasury for the time being. 
 
 " Given at our Court at St. Jameses, on the Jirst day 
 " of June, in the first gear of our reign. 
 
 "' Bg Her Majcstg\^ command^ 
 
 " GuDOLrillN." 
 
 Prior to the decease of King William the reduction 
 (tf Cadiz had been contemplated, after which it was 
 resolved to embark an expedition against the possessions 
 of Spain in the West Indies, (^ueen Anne following 
 ont this policy, it was ariangod that a combined fleet 
 of Knghsh and Dutch shii)s, eon.sisting of fifty sail of the 
 line, besides frigates, under Admiral Sir George Ilooke, 
 
•'^v, 
 
 ", 
 
 )t. 
 
 Til foot. 
 
 ant for 
 1st of 
 
 of six 
 
 * for sea 
 
 rccspec- 
 
 er given 
 scd, and 
 
 inching 
 r any of 
 
 shall be 
 large be 
 mnntnii- 
 rs of our 
 
 first day 
 ind, 
 
 •IlIN." 
 
 eduction 
 I it was 
 issessions 
 bllowinjx 
 lied fleet 
 nil of the 
 e Ilooke, 
 
 ni 
 
 on THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 5 
 
 and a land force, amounting to nearly fourteen thousand 1702. 
 men, under the command of the Duke of Ormond, 
 should proceed to the coast of Spain. The following 
 corps were selected for this service, namely, — 
 
 Lloyd's dragoons, now Third light dragoons (detach- 
 ment) . . _ . - 
 Foot guards, the Grenadier and Coldstream - 
 Sir 11. BcUasis, now Second foot - - 
 Churoliiirs, now Third foot - - - - 
 Seymour's, noAv Fourth foot - - 
 Columbine's, now SixtJi foot .. - - 
 O'Hara's, throe companies, now Seventh Royal 
 
 fusilioi's ... 
 
 Erie's, now Nineteenth foot - - . 
 
 Gustavus Hamilton's, now Twentieth foot 
 Villiers's marines, five companies, now Thirty-first 
 foot _ _ _ - . 
 
 Fox's marines, now Thirty-second foot 
 Donegnl's, noAV Thirty-tifth foot - . - 
 
 Charlemont's, now Thirty-sixth foot 
 Shannon's marines - - » - 
 
 Officers 
 and Men. 
 
 275 
 755 
 834 
 834 
 834 
 724 
 
 313 
 
 724 
 724 
 
 520 
 834 
 724 
 724 
 834 
 
 Dutch regiments commanded by Mujor-General 
 Baron Sparre and Bri^^adicr Pallandt - 
 
 9,653 
 } 3,924 
 
 13,577 
 
 The Thirty-sixth regiment, having been selected 
 as pai t of the force to share in this enterprise, was 
 withdrawn from Ireland, and proceeded to the Isle of 
 AVight in June 1702, and embarked fen* Cadiz in 
 July. 
 
 In the llarleian Manuscri})ts at the British Museum, 
 th(^ embarkation return of the regiment is preserved, of 
 which the following is a copy : — 
 
 A 3 
 
 M. 
 
f) HlflTORICAL RKCORD OF THE TniHTY-SIXTH, 
 
 a 
 c 
 
 s 
 
 -a ♦: o c 
 
OR THE ITEIIEFORDSHIIIK REGIMENT OF FOOT. 7 
 
 I 
 
 a 
 
 <u Co 
 I ^ 
 
 ■J 
 
 I 
 
 V 
 
 s 
 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 
 s 
 o 
 
 "2 
 
 Si 
 
 o 
 
 to 
 
 n, 
 
 ■a 
 s 
 a 
 
 
 
 :- K 
 
 The difference in tlic number embarked, as shown in 1702. 
 the foregoing document, and that specified against the 
 Thirty-sixth in the list of regiments ordered to pro- 
 ceed to Cadiz, arises from the establishment being given 
 in the first instance, while the embarkation return has 
 reference only to effectives. 
 
 The armament appeared off Cadiz on the 12th of 
 August, and the Duke of Ormond summoned the 
 [)lace ; his terms being refused, a landing was effected 
 between Rota and Fort St. Catherine on the 15th of 
 that month, where the troops encountered and repulsed 
 some Spanish cavalry. St. Catherine's fort was com- 
 pelled to surrender, and Port St. Mary's was occupied 
 by the British troops ; the expedition, however, proved 
 not of suffici'^nt force to capture Cadiz, which waa 
 found much stronger and better garrisoned than was 
 expected from the information which had been received 
 in England prior to the fitting out of the armament, 
 and the soldiers returned on board the fleet. The 
 Thirty-sixth regiment was afterwards detached from 
 Cadiz to the West Indies with a division of the royal 
 navy under Commodore Walker, and sailed on this 
 service on the 24th of September. 
 
 A powerful armament was prepared for the attack of 1703, 
 the French and Spanish settlements in the West Indies 
 in 1703, but this enterprise was subsequently abandoned. 
 
 After losing several men from the effects of the 1704. 
 climate, the regiment was withdrawn from the West 
 Indies, and was stationed in Ireland in the year 1704. 
 
 The successes obtained by the Duke of Marlborough 1705. 
 in Flanders and Germany led to an attempt to place 
 the Archduke Charles of Austria on the throne of Spain 
 by force of arms. In the former year Gibraltar had 
 been captured by the combined English and Dutch 
 fleets, and in connexion with these events the Thirty- 
 six th regiment was embarked from Ireland in April 
 
 A 4 
 
8 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 II 
 
 1705. 1705, in order to proceed with the force under the Earl 
 of Peterborough. 
 
 The design of this expedition was either to aid the 
 Duke of Savoy in driving the French out of Italy, to 
 make an attempt on Naples and Sicily, or to further 
 the progress of the Archduke in Spain. The fleet 
 arrived at Lisbon in June, and additional forces were 
 embarked ; at the t<ame time the Archduke Charles 
 went on board the fleet to share in the toils and dangers 
 inseparable from the enterprise. From Lisbon the 
 expedition proceeded to Ciloraltar, where it was joined 
 by the Prince of Hesse Darm. .dt and a reinforcement 
 from the garrison. 
 
 The fleet next proceeded to the bay of Altea, in 
 Valencia, and there the officers and soldiers had oppor- 
 tunities of observing the attachment of the inhabitants 
 of that part of Spain to the Austrian Prince. A thou- 
 sand Catalonians and Valentians who had thrown off 
 their allegiance to the house of Bourbon, and had 
 acknowledged the Archduke Charles as the Sovereign 
 of Spain, seized on the town of Denia, while others 
 made demonstrations of giving eftbctual aid to the ex- 
 pedition; such n spirit of enterprise was evinced by 
 King Charles, the Earl of Peterborough, the Prince of 
 Hesse Darmstadt, and others, tliat both oflScers and men 
 became iaibued with the ardent zeal of their superiors, 
 and esolved to effect sometliino; y-rcat and remarkable. 
 
 Lender these feelings, the celebrated city of Barce- 
 lona, the capital of Catalonia, and one of the most an- 
 cient towrs iu Spain, was selected as the scene of the 
 first attempt. Its situation on a plain near the sea, with 
 a mole 'apable of containing only gaUeys and small 
 ships, defended by ten bastions, several old towers, and 
 otiier works, with ii strong castle and citadel named 
 Montjuich, on a hill on the west side, and conunanding 
 the town ; the garrison consisting of between five and 
 
OR THE nEREFORDSIIIRK REGIMENT OF FOOT. 9 
 
 Earl 
 
 111 the 
 
 ly, to 
 
 ktlier 
 
 fleet 
 
 ;>!.'■ 
 
 ..jsas 
 
 
 six thonsancl men under the Viceroy of Catalonia, Don 1705. 
 Francisco do Vela.*t'o, while tlic besieging army was mi- 
 able to l)ring more than seven thousand men into the 
 lines; these circumstances, with the fact that in 1697 
 this fortress resisted the Duke of Vendome, with a 
 French army of thirty thousand men, eight weeks with 
 open trenches, and cost the French monarch twelve 
 thousand men, gave an interesting and romantic cha- 
 racter to the enterprise, in which the Tiiiiity-Sixtii, 
 and other regiments employed, gained much honour. It 
 is also to be noticed, that it was the same Prince of 
 Ilcsse Dra'mstadt who was now engaged in captiu-ing 
 what he had before so nobly defended ; for it was a ques- 
 tion whctiicr the Duke of Vendome gained more glory 
 by the taking, than tlie Prince of Darmstadt by defend- 
 ing Barcelona, when employed in the Spanish service. 
 
 The Earl of Peterborough landed liis troops on the 
 23d and 24th of Auirust near the river Bassoz, about 
 three miles east of Barcelona. On the 28th of that 
 month. King Charles came on shore, and several of the 
 inhabitants of the neighbouring towns and villages 
 greeted his landing with great acclamations. The pro- 
 gress of the siege was, however, retarded by opposite 
 opinions and views entertained by the superior officers. 
 It was at length determined to surprise the detached 
 fortress oi' MonfJidchfiX'i proposed by the Prince of Hesse 
 Darmstadt. The storming party of foiu* hundred grena- 
 diers, selected from the various corps employed in the 
 siege, with a support of six hundred musketeers, com- 
 menced its march in tlie night of Sunday the 13th of 
 September, round tlic mountains, and were followed by 
 another detachment and a i)artv of drairoons. Tlie 
 greater pait of the way not being passable for above 
 one man abreast, and the night very dark, the first de- 
 tachment was nearly twelve hours on the march, and 
 did not arrive at the foot of the mountain until break 
 of day of the 14th of September ; some Miqueleis, in 
 
 
10 }UHTOTi\(KL UKrOPwD OV TTTF TITIRTT-SIXTH, 
 
 I 
 
 1705. llu» Ht'ivlcc of til'; ciioiny, gave the alarm to the troops 
 ill lluf ciisllc and in the town, so that the Prince of 
 llofHi-f (III hin a»Tival, found the garrison in arms, with 
 i'liai'drt ill tlu! outworks, who received the Confederates 
 witli a (^eneriil «liHoiiargc of artillery and small anns. 
 lI|Km thiM th(! I'rincc of Hesse, and the Viscouxit 
 ('-harhiiiiont, Colonel of the Thikty-sixth regiment, 
 ( who commandcdoii the 14th of September as Brigadier, 
 III e(»iiHe(|U('iire of tlie iudrs^position of the Dutch Briga- 
 ilitn* Schoiiciiherg,) ordered Lieut.-Colonel Southwell, 
 of tlie Sixtli foot, to conunence the attack with the gre- 
 nadieiH ; thiH wcrvicc was performed with signal intre- 
 ]»i(lityiuid iCHohition. Upon this success the Prince of 
 llcHHC! Diuni-tiidt advanced to possess himself of a post 
 whieh would prevent the enemy's communication with 
 the t(»wii, (Hid ill the attempt was mortally wounded. 
 The loss of this officer damped the spirits of the soldiers ; 
 — thc! (Miinny, perceiving some disorder amongst the 
 Coiifed(!i'ates, called out, " Long live King Charles!" 
 and iiivit(Ml the assailants to come to them; upon Colonel 
 AlU^u's advance to the fort, with about two hundred and 
 fifty men, tlu^ Spaniards opened the gate the better to 
 conceal their stratagem, but immediately fired upon the 
 men, and conipelled this detachment o surrender; at 
 the sanic time, a large reinforcement was seen advancing 
 iVoin tlu! town to aid the garrison in the castle, where- 
 upon the troops were seized with a panic, and Lord 
 Chiii'h'inont, with other officers, endeavoured to coun- 
 teniet the disorder which ensued. 
 
 Upon the I'larl of Peterborough receiving this intel- 
 lig(!iice, his lord-hip ]»laced himself at the head of the 
 (Uftaehiiieiits that were retreating, — rallied thein, and 
 ultimately regained the posts they had before so nobly 
 ac(juin!(l ; the Spaniards who were advancing from the 
 town retir(;d. arid the outworks of Montjuich were 
 gaiiKid. lJ!'Heri{!s v/cre then constructed, and the inner 
 works were uosailcd with canuou balls, bombs, and 
 
OR THE nEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OP FOOT. 1 1 
 
 crrcntidc.^; After the action was over, the Earl of 1705. 
 Peterborough introduced Lord Charleinont and liieut.- 
 Colonel Southwell to the King of Spain, as officers 
 that had done His Majesty signal service on this occa- 
 sion ; for which they both received the thanks of that 
 Prince.* 
 
 On the 1 7th of September, Lieuti-Colonel Southwell, 
 of the Sixth regiment of foot, being on duty in the 
 trenches, observed that the bombs thrown by a Dutch 
 bombardier from a small mortar fell to the left of the 
 fort, and concluding that there was a magazine in the 
 place, he traversed the mortar himself more to the right, 
 and fired it ; the bomb fell into a small chapel where the 
 garrison had stored their powder, which exploded, and 
 buried a number of officers and men in the ruins. 
 Lieut. -Colonel Southwell advanced at the head of his 
 men, and was met by the surviving officers and juen of 
 the garrison, who immediately surrendered the fortress. 
 The Lieut-Colonel was made Governor of the place, in 
 consideration of his services. 
 
 The capture of Montjuich facilitated the siege of the 
 city of Barcelona, which was prosecuted with vigour ; 
 and on the 4th of October the garrison agreed to capi- 
 tulate. The Viceroy made several extravagant demands, 
 which occupied some days in debating, so that the capi- 
 tulation was not signed until the evening of the 9th of 
 October ; it was agreed that the Angel-gate and bastion 
 should be immediately delivered up to the Allies, and 
 the whole city four days after, when the garrison should 
 march out with all the honours of war. The capture of 
 Barcelona was accompanied by the sub^'^ission to King 
 Charles of all Catalonia, with the exception of Koses. 
 
 * This account is different from the version given by some historians; 
 but there can be no doubt as to its accuracy, for it is founded on the 
 Report of the Couucil of General Officers that was subsequently 
 assembled to investigate the complaint preferred by Lord Oharlemont, 
 upon his being afterwards removed by the Earl of Peterborough. This 
 document is inserted in the memoir of Lord Charlemont, at page 109. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 i\ 
 
 «,; SI 
 
 m 
 
12 IIISTOr.ICAT. TvECOnT^ or THE TniRTT-SIXTII, 
 
 1705. Kin<ij Cliiirles oomniciicoil formiiifv ii Spanish nrmy 
 lor hi:! service ; he sokii liiul five Imiulrcd dragooiiH tor 
 a f^iiard, and six ri'j;iinents of inf.vntry. He waH joined 
 by Colonel Xebot, who forsook the service of Kinj^ 
 IMiilip with a regiment of horse, and in a ehort ihuo 
 the province of Valencia sidimitted to the Austrian 
 P.viiiee. 
 
 1706. The rei^inient continued under the immediate direc- 
 tions of tlie I'arl of Peterborough, wilh whose achieve- 
 ments its ser\ ices are connected ; his raisin*^ the Av\fo 
 of Sfi7i Matteo, the cai)ture of Momncdro, his exploits in 
 
 Valeucia, and the relief of the capital of that province, 
 ■ — successes ""ained with a small bodv of soldiers over a 
 numerous army, — carry with them the appearance of 
 fiction and romance more than of 9ol)er reality ; but 
 beinji; supported by abundance of coUatcral and direct 
 evidence, the truth of these achievements is luifpiestlou- 
 able. Unfortunately, no documents have been dix- 
 cnvered to proAe what particular cor[)s his lordshi[) left 
 in garrison, and what he took Avith him in his darinj^ 
 enterprise in Valencia ; the part taken by the First and 
 Eiglith dragoons, the Thirteenth, Thirtieth, and Thirty- 
 fourth foot, and a few other corps, can be clearly mado 
 out froiu history ; but whetiier the TlllliTY-siXTH 
 remained in garrison in Catalonia, or was employed in 
 th(>, enterprise in Valencia, has not been ascertained. 
 
 King Charles and his coiuisellors, instead of exertlnj^ 
 themselves to provide for the security of the towui^ 
 which had been aeipiived, and collecting the means for 
 future concpiests, wasted their time and money in ballm 
 and public diversion-. The breaches in Barcelona and 
 the detached fortress of jNIonljuich were left unrepaired, 
 and the garrison unprovided lor a siege. Meanwhile 
 King Philip was obtainin,"; reinforcements fnmi tli^? 
 frontiers of Portugal, from Italy, J'rovenee, Flanders, 
 and the llhine ; and he soon appeared at the licad of 
 above twenty thousand men to recapture the provinces 
 
OR TlIK IIEKKFORDSIIIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 13 
 
 he had lost. A powerful French and Spanish force 1706. 
 a])proache«l BarcvloiKt l)y land, a French fleet appeared 
 before the place, and the enemy encamped before the 
 north side of the city on the 2nd of April 1706. 
 
 The Karl of Peterborough hastened from Valencia 
 with a body of select troops, but found the town so 
 closely beset that he was unable to force his way into 
 if, when he took to the mountains, and harassed the 
 enemy with skirmishes and night alarms. AVIien the 
 garrison was nearly exhausted, its numbers decreased 
 from deaths, wounds, sickness, and other causes to 
 about a thousand effective men, and a practicable breach 
 was ready for the enemy to attacit the place by storm, 
 tlie EnglisL and Dutch fleet arrived with five regiments 
 of foot ; the French fleet withdrew from before the 
 town, and the reinforcements were landed. Barcelona 
 being thus relieved, the enemy, having lost six thousand 
 men before the town, made a precipitate retreat on the 
 1 2th of May, leaving two hundred brass cannon, thirty 
 mortars, and vast quantities of ammunition and provision 
 behind lim, together with the sick and wounded of his 
 army, whom IMarshal do Tesse reconnncndcd to the 
 humanity of the l»ritish conunander. 
 
 Jiarcelona was thus preserved by British skill and 
 valour; and the TiiiuTY-siXTii, with the other regi- 
 ments in garrison, received the thanks of King Charles 
 for this important service. 
 
 On the 10th of May 1706, Lieut.-Colonel Thomas 
 Alnutt was promoted to the colonelcy of the TiiiiiTY- 
 SiXTii regiment, in succession to the Viscount Charle- 
 mont, who had been removed by the Earl of Peter- 
 borough. A complaint on this subject was subsequently 
 preferred by Lord Charlemont ; and the reports made 
 by the coimcil of general oflioers, after a patient inves- 
 tigation, are inserted In the memoir of that uoblen'an, 
 as Colonel of the TiiiUTY-sixrn regiment, at page 109. 
 These documents are highly flattering to Viscount 
 
14 niSTOUICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 170G.("liarli'iu(>iil, ami bear uniplo testimony to his gallant 
 comluct lit Harceloiia. 
 
 All immediate advance upon Madrid having been 
 resolved \i\)i)\\, the Marquis <las Miiias and the Earl of 
 Galway, wiio commanded a British, Portuguese, and 
 Dutch force on the frontiers of Portugal, were requested 
 to pcnclriite boldly to the capital of Spain. To engage 
 in this service the Thirty-sixth embarked froui Ban- 
 cclonn, and proceeded by sea to Valencia, where King 
 Charles' was cxpcctcfl to ar -ivc with the cavalry by land. 
 While in Valencia the regiment furnished a detachment 
 of ntm-connnissiontd officers and soldiers, which, with 
 similar detachments from other corps of infanty, were 
 fornacd into a regiment of dragoons, named the Earl of 
 I'eterborough's regiment. 
 
 Bcf/iffiia and Cuenza, which places lie on the line of 
 march fiom Valencia to Madrid, were captured after 
 a short reslst:t.uce by the troops detached under Major- 
 Geuerul Wyudham. IVIcan while the army from Portugal 
 had penetrated U) jNIadrid, and was anxiously awaiting 
 the arrival of King Charles, who, following the per- 
 nicious advice of his Italian counsellors, delayed hia 
 journey, and eventually proceeded by way of Arragon. 
 This afforded time for the French and Spanish troops 
 under King Philip to re-enter Spain ; and uniting with 
 the forces under the Duke of Berwick, the enemy had 
 a great supcrioriiy of numbers. The allies were forced 
 to retire from tlieir forward position, and being joined 
 on the 17th of September at Veles, by the troops 
 which had been detached under Major-Gcneral Wynd- 
 ham, they continued their route towards the frontiers 
 of Valencia and JNIurcia, where they remained during 
 the winter. 
 
 1707. The Ttiikty-sixth, in the year 1707, joined part of 
 the Allied army, which was composed of English, 
 Spaniards, Portuguese, and Dutch, commanded by the 
 Marquis das Miuas and the Earl of Galway, and took 
 
OK THE IIEREF0KD8HIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 15 
 
 the field for ottenHive operations in the early part ofl707. 
 April. After destroying several of the enemy's maga- 
 zines, the siege of the castle of Vllletia was undertaken, 
 and while this was in progrt!Sf<, a French and Spanish 
 force, of very superior numbers, conmianded hy the 
 Duke of Berwick, advanced to the plains of Almanzu. 
 As the enemy expected the arrival of reinforcements 
 under the Duke of Orleans, the allied generals, though 
 nmch inferior in numbers, resolved to attack their 
 adversaries without delay. 
 
 The following regiments were present at the battle 
 of Almanza, and their effective strength is taken fiom 
 the weekly return dated 22nd of April, three days prior 
 to the battle: — 
 
 Men. 
 Harvey's horse, now Second dracoon piiards - 227 
 
 Carpenter's dragoons, noAV Third light «h'agoons - \ 
 
 Essex's dragoons, now Fourth liglit dragoons - J "' "■ 
 
 Killegrew's dragoons, now Eighth luissars - - .'31 
 
 Pearce's dragoons, disbanded . _ - 273 
 
 Peterborough's dragoons, disbanded - - ^503 
 
 Guiscard's dragoons, disbanded - . - 228 
 
 Foot guards -----. 400 
 
 Portmore's, now Second foot - - - 462 
 
 Southwell's, now Sixth foot _ - . 505 
 
 Stewart's, now Ninth foot ... 467 
 
 Hill's, now Eleventh foot - - - 472 
 
 Blood's, now Seventeenth foot - - 461 
 
 Mordaunt's, now Twenty-eighth foot - - 532 
 
 Wade's, now Thirty-third foot - - - 458 
 
 Gorges's, now Thirty-fifth foot - - 616 
 
 Alnutt's, now Thirty-sixth foot - - 412 
 
 Montjoy's, disbanded - - - 508 
 
 Mackar trey's, disbanded - - . - 494 
 
 Bretton's, disbanded - . , - 428 
 
 John Caulfeild's, disbanded - - - 470 
 
 Lord Mark Kerr's, disbanded - - - 429 
 
 Count Nassau's, disbanded ... 422 
 
 s-41 
 
 v\ 
 
 i^ 
 
 > if: 
 
 Total 
 
 - 8,910 
 
ir> TIISTORICAL RKCORD OF THE TniRTY-SIXTn, 
 
 1707. After a iiiurch of scviual hours along the ruggctl 
 traoti!i of Miirciii uii<K-r a liiiriiing huh, tlic soldiers 
 unived in \\w prcrfonce of the enemy, at Alinanza, 
 n\nmt noon on the 2;>th of April. It was nearly three 
 o'clock in the afternoon when the battle conuncnecd. 
 The TiniiTV-sixTii were formed in brigade with the 
 Ninth, Klcventh, and liord Mark Iverr'es regiments under 
 Colonel Hill, and jMino'ts I'ortnguesc dragoona were 
 posted in the centre of the brigade, whieh was stationed 
 ill the Hceond line; but nine of the enemy's battalions 
 having attacked Major-(icneral AVadc's brigade, consist- 
 ing of the Sixth, Sevisnteeiith, Thirty-third, and Lord 
 Montjoy's reginientH, the Ninth moved forward to their 
 8ui)p()rt. Great valour was dit^played, but in vain, for 
 the tlight of the I'ortugiiesu S(juadrons had left the 
 liritifh and Dutch exposed to the weight and power of 
 the enemy's superior numbers, and no hope of victory 
 romaiueil. The Earl of (ialway effected his retreat 
 with the dragoons; several general otKcers collected the 
 broken remains of the English i- fantry, which foTight 
 in the centre, into ii body, and uniting them with some 
 Dutch and Portuguese, formed a column of nearly four 
 thousand men, whicli retreated two leagues, rejiulsing 
 the pursuing enemy from time to time. On arriving at 
 the woody hills of Caudete, the men were so exhausted 
 Avith fatigue that they were unable to proceed further: 
 they passed the night in the wood without food, and on 
 the I'oUowing morning they were surroimded by the 
 enemy. Being without anuuunition, ignorant of the 
 country, and having no prospect of obtaining food, they 
 siu'rendercd ]»risoners of war. 
 
 Thus ended a battle in whieh the TniUTY-SlXTll 
 regiment l)ehaved with great gallantry, but was nearly 
 annihilated. Captains ]\Iusgrave and Parsons, Lieu- 
 tenants Ayriss and JJallance, and Ensign Wells were 
 killed ; the following officers of the regiment were taken 
 prisoners: — 
 
oil Tin: TTr'.UKronosiiinF, ukgimknt of foot. 17 
 
 (Jolouol AlmUt (tvomulfd). 1707. 
 
 Jik>iit.-('(iloii('l KniiiUltiixl. 
 
 lylciit-Coloih I liiirry {wounded), 
 
 Jiiuuti'iiaiit IliclvH. 
 
 Licutoimiil DiickiiiluiUl (wvitftded). 
 
 Licutc'iuuit Wants. 
 
 lAvutouMit Dnnccr (u'otindfd). 
 
 Lieutenant; lii.shop. 
 
 Knsij^n Ik'unct (woHfrJed). 
 
 Knuign Krwine. 
 
 Ensign Siioen (wounded). 
 
 Ensign Pasoul. 
 
 Ensign Money. 
 
 The munbcr of non-coiniuii^Hioncd officers and Holdiui'M 
 killed, wounded, suid taken prisoners at the battle of 
 Alnianzii lias not been ascertained; those who CHcaped, 
 and were found serviceable, were afterwards transferred 
 to other corps in Spain, and certain of tlie oflieerrt 
 returned to England to recruit the regiment. 
 
 On the 15th of Se[>teniber 1707, orders were ad- 
 dressed to Colonel Alnutt to recruit and fill up tiie 
 respective conij)auies of the rcginient ; and the ri^cruits 
 were to assemble at Chester and Namptwieli, which 
 places Avere appointed for the rendezvous of the <!orpH. 
 
 In the Annals of (iucen Anne for the year 170H, it is 1708, 
 stated, " Some time before, orders and connnisHioni* were 
 " delivered for new raising the regiments of — 
 
 " Mordaunt's, afterwards Twenty-eighth regiment, 
 
 " Wade's, afterwards Tliirty-third regiment, 
 
 " Gorges's, afterwards Thirty-fifth regiment, 
 
 " Ahuitt's, afterwards Thirty-sixth regiment, 
 
 '* Montjoy's, afterwards disbanded, 
 
 " Maekartney's, afterwards disbanded, 
 
 " Lord Mark Kerr's, afterwards disbanded, 
 
 " wbiv^h suffered most at the battle of Almanzn, and 
 " the officers wher' f, who were prisoiicru in France, 
 " were supplied by t thers." 
 
 u 
 
18 HISTORICAL llECOBD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 Nti 
 
 1709. Colonel Archibald Earl of Hay, afterwards Duke of 
 Argylc, v/as appointed to the colonelcy of the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment on the 23d of March 1709, in succes- 
 sion to Colonel Thomas Alnutt, deceased. 
 
 1710. On the 23d of October 1710, Colonel Henry De- 
 saulnais (afterwards spelt Desney) from the Coldstream 
 foot guards, was appointed to the colonelcy of the 
 Thikty-sixth regiment, in succession to Colonel the 
 Earl of Hay, resigned. 
 
 During the nine years which this war had been raging 
 in Europe, Britiih blocd and treo fure had been expended 
 in making conquests for the liouse of Austria. The 
 only advantage which had accrued to Gi'cat Britain was, 
 that the power of the House of Bourbon had been 
 diminished, and that of Austria augmented ; the new 
 Ministry chosen by Queen Anne, in 1710, resolved to 
 act upon a different principle. Colonel x^icholson 
 having made a successful attack on Port Royal, in 
 Nova Scotia, on his return to England he submitted 
 to the Government a plan for the reduction of Pla- 
 centia and Quebec, as a preparatory measure for 
 acquiring Canada for the British crown, and for ex- 
 pelling the French from Newfoundland, in order to 
 regain the fishery. 
 
 Canada is stated to have been discovered by the 
 famous Italian adventurer, Sebastian Cabot, who sailed 
 under a commission from Henry VII ; and as the 
 English monarch did not make any use of the discovery, 
 the French soon attempted to derive advantage from it. 
 Several small settlements were established, rnd in the 
 early j)art of the seventeenth century the city of Quebec 
 was founded for the capital of the French possessions in 
 this part of the world. Although the colony continued 
 in a very depressed state for some time, and the settlers 
 were frequently in danger of being exterminated by 
 the Indians, yet, in the beginning of the eighteenth 
 century, it had become of such importance that its 
 
OR THE IIEREFOIinSIIIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 19 
 
 capture was considered one of the best means of 17 10. 
 weakening the power of Louis XIV. 
 
 An expedition, consisting of about five thousandl711. 
 men, was accordingly ordered to proceed to North 
 America under Brigadier-General Hill, for the pur- 
 pose of making an attempt on Quebec. A large fleet 
 fornxed part of the armament under Commodore Sir 
 Hoveuden Walker, and the force was to be further 
 strengthened by troops from the North American 
 colonies. The following regiments were employed on 
 the expedition : — 
 
 Kirke's regiment, now Second foot. 
 The Queen's, now Fourtli foot. 
 Hil]'s, now Eleventh foot. 
 Desney's, now Thirty-sixth foot. 
 Windress's, now Thirty-seventh foot. 
 Chiyton's, disbanded in I7l2. 
 Kane's, disbanded in 1713. 
 Churchill's Marines, disbanded in 1713. 
 Walton's and Vetch's, North American Militia, joined 
 the expedition at Boston. 
 
 On arriving at North America the fleet called at 
 Boston for a supply of provisions, and the troops landed 
 and encamped a short time on Rhode Island ; but on 
 the 20th of July they re-embarked, and having been 
 joined by two regiments of provincial troops com- 
 manded by Colonels Walton and Vetch, sailed on the 
 .3()th of July from Boston for the river St. Lawrence. 
 The expedition did not reach the river St. Lawrence 
 until the 21&t of August, when it encountered storms, 
 and being furnished with bad pilots, eight transports, 
 a storo-shi[), and a sloop were lost by shipwreck, and 
 twenty-nine officers, six hundred and seventy-six soldiers, 
 and thirty-five women of the Foui'th, Thirty-seventh, 
 Colonel Kane's, and Colonel Clayton's regiments, pe- 
 rislied. There was also a scarcity of provisions. It 
 
 b2 
 
 
 
20 niSTOllICAL RECORD OF THE TIIIRTY-SIXTTT, 
 
 1711.wa3, therefore, deterinined in a coiincU of war, that 
 further o[)erati()ns should be abandoned. Sonic of the 
 regiments engaged in tlie expedition proceeded to 
 Annapolis lloyal, in Is ova Scotia, but the TiilUTY- 
 siXTH returned to England, and arrived ut Portsmouth 
 on the 9th of October. 
 
 On the 12th of October 1711, Charles III, the 
 claimant to the throne of Spain, wa? elected Emperor 
 of Germany by the title of Charles VI., his brother 
 Joseph having died at Vienna in the preceding April. 
 This circumstance materially affected the Avar, and 
 inclined Great Britain to agree to peace ; for the conso- 
 lidation of Spain with the Empire of Germany would 
 have perilled the balance of power in Europe as much 
 as the anticipated union of the crowns of Erance and 
 Spain. The course of events had also shown, that a 
 French and not an Austrian Prince was the choice of 
 the Spanish nation. 
 
 Louis XIV. finding his armies defeated and dis- 
 pirited, by the victorious troops under the celebrated 
 Duke of Marlborough, at length sued for peace, .icgo- 
 ciations for which were shortly afterwards conunenccd. 
 
 1712. The conditions of a Treaty of Peace h.aving been 
 agreed upon between (^ueen Anne and the French 
 monarch, Dunkirk was delivered up to the British by 
 Louis XIV., as a security for the performance of the 
 stipulations, and the TiiiiiTY-siXTii formed part of the 
 force embarked under Biigudiei-General Hill, to occupy- 
 that fortress. Tlie regiment sailed from the Downs 
 on the 7th of July 1712, with the fleet under Admiral 
 Sir John Leake ; on the foll(»wing day the troops 
 landed at Dunkirk, relieving the French guards at 
 the citadel. 
 
 1713. While the regiment was stationed at Dunkirk the 
 Treaty of Utrecht was signed on tlie 11th of Aju-il 
 1713, which terminated the " War of the Spanish 
 Succession." 
 
OB THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 21 
 
 In the spring of 1714, the TiiiUTY-siXTii regiment 17 14. 
 returned to England j on the 1st of August of that 
 year Queer Anne died, and was succeeded by King 
 George I. The new sovereign having been quietly 
 seated on the throne, the regiment proceeded to Irehind, 
 and was phiced on the establishment of that country. 
 
 On the 11th of July 1715, Colonel William Egerton 1715. 
 was appointed by His Majesty King George I. to be 
 Colonel of the Tiiirty-sixtii regiment, in succession 
 to Colonel II. Desncy, upon whom was subsequently 
 conferred the colonelcy of the Twenty-ninth regiment. 
 
 While the regiment Avas in Ireland, an insurrection 
 was organized in England, by the partizans of the 
 house of Stuart ; at the same time the Earl of Mar 
 summoned the Highland clans to arms, and proclaimed 
 the Pretender King of Gi^at Britain. On the break- 
 ing out of the rebellion, the regiment was withdrawn 
 from Ireland, in the autumn of 1715; and it joined 
 the troops encamped near Stii'ling under the Duke 
 of Argyle. 
 
 In the early part of November, the rebel army ad- 
 vanced towards the Forth, with the view of penetrating 
 to England, and the Duke of Argyle marched from 
 Stirling to Dtimblainc, near Shcriffmuh, for the pur- 
 pose of opposing the progress of the insurgents. On 
 the morning of Sunday, the 13th of November, the 
 enemy, ten thousand strong, was seen advancing in 
 order of battle ; and the King's troops, not mustering 
 four thousand men, moved forward to engage their 
 opponents. The TiiiiiTY-siXTii regiment Avas in the 
 left wing of the royal army. At a critical moment it 
 was ordered to make a change of position, and, while 
 in the act of re-forming, it was atta(!ked by .an immense 
 body of llighl.'indcrs, the dlite of the insurgent host. 
 The soldiers were \niabi to withstand the very superior 
 numbers of their opponents, and the left wing became 
 separated from the main body of the army, and retired 
 
 B 3 
 
 >;■'■;; 
 
 I 
 
 
 1*'^ 
 
 ¥i 
 
 «'.' 
 
 ? ■"■' 
 
 ilf 
 
 iil 
 
 
22 HISTORICAL UECOKI) OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 I7l5.boyoiicl Dumhhihin, to gain possession of the passes 
 leading to Stirling. In the meantime, the right wing 
 of the royal army had over|)0\vercd the loft wing of the 
 rebels, and chased it from tlie field. Thus both generals 
 had one wing victorious, and (me wing defeated : both 
 in consequence claimed the victory. The insurgents 
 were, hoAvovcr, prevented penetrating southward, and 
 were defeated in their object. The TniRTY-siXTH 
 had one serjeant and twenty-one rank and file killed; 
 Captain Danoer, and fourteen rank and file, were 
 woimded. From the field of battle the troops pro- 
 ceeded to Stirling, where they again encamped. 
 
 Towiirdp the end of December the Pretender arrived 
 in Scotland, and assumed all the ensigns of royalty. 
 He held liis court at Scone, and his hcad-rpiarters were 
 at Perth: but the Highland chieftains finding it im- 
 possible to resist the royal forces, resolved to abandon 
 the entcrprize. They, however, burnt several villages, 
 to distress the Duke of Argyle in his march, who, in 
 
 1716. January 1716, obliged them to abandon Perth, whence 
 they retired to Montrose, Avhere the Pretender escaped 
 on board a French ship, together with the Earl of Mar 
 and other adherents. After this the rebels dispersed 
 to the Highlands. 
 
 The Thirty-sixtti regiment was subsequently 
 ."Stationed at Dumbarton. 
 
 1718. In the year 1718 tlie TriniTY-siXTTi regiment 
 proceeded to Ireland. In July 1718, the King of 
 Spain having taken Sardinia and invaded Sicily, the 
 "Quadruple Alliance ^^ was formed between Great 
 Britain, France, Germany, and Holland. War Avas 
 declared against Spain in necember by I'^lngland and 
 France. 
 
 1719. The King of Spain afterwards made preparations in 
 favour of the Pretender, and tlie Thiuty-sixtii regi- 
 ment embarked, in March 1719, at Cork for Great 
 Britain. 
 
OR THE HEREFOUDSHIUK KKGl.MENT OF FOOT. 23 
 
 IJrigadier-Gencml Sir Charles Hotham, Bart., was 1719. 
 appointed Colonel of the Thirty-sixth regiment on 
 the 7th of July 1719, in succession to Colonel Egerton, 
 removed to the Twentieth regiment. 
 
 In January 1720 the King of Spain accepted the 1720. 
 conditions of peace, and acceded to the " Quadruple 
 Alliance" which hatl been formed two years previously 
 bel;wcen Grreat Britain, France, Gennany, and Holland; 
 in consequence of which the regiment returned to 
 Ireland, where it remained for several years. 
 
 On the 2d of December 1 720 Colonel John Pocock 
 was appointed to the colonelcy of the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment, in succession to Brigadier-General Sir Charles 
 Hotham, Bart., removed to the Eighth, or the King's 
 regiment of foot. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel Charles Lcnoe was promoted from 1721. 
 the Coldstream guards to be colonel of the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment, on the 21st of April 1721, in suc- 
 cession to Colonel John Pocock, removed to the 
 Eighth, or the King's regiment of foot. 
 
 On the 14th of May 1732, Brigadier-General John 1732. 
 Moyle was appointed Cohmel of the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment, upon the removal to the Eighth, or the King's 
 regiment of foot, of Colonel Charles Lcnoe. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonel Humphrey Bland, from the Second 1737. 
 horse, now the First dragoon guards, was promoted to 
 the rank of Colonel of the Thirty-sixth regiment on 
 the 27th of June 1737, in succession to Major-General 
 John Moylo, removed to the Twenty-second regiment. 
 
 The claim of the Spanish Government to the right of 1739. 
 search, and the aggressions committed by that power 
 on the commerce of Great Britain, in the West Indies, 
 by the (jvarda-costas and other ships acting by autho- 
 rity of the King of Spain, contrary to the existing 
 treaties, led to a Convention between the two Crowns, 
 which was concluded on the 14th of January 1739. 
 This Convention stipulated, that compensation should 
 
 li 4 
 
 
21 uiH'romvAL kkcord of tiik tiiiuty-sixtii, 
 
 \Wp 
 
 1739.1)0 inndi! l»y Spnin to the English Government, in 
 rc) Miration for the hostilities comnnttetl on the liritisli 
 Huhj(!ctn in the Anieriean seas. The Court of Madrid, 
 however, violiite<l the Convention, and hostilities being 
 on the eve of contnieneinji;, the Tiiirty-sixth regiment 
 wax reiMovt'd froni Ireland to Great Britain in Sep- 
 tember \7'M). On the 23d of October following, war 
 WMH proclaimed by Great Britain against Spain. 
 
 1740. A formidable armament was prepared for the attack 
 of tli(! Spaninh colonies in the AVest Indies, and the 
 land fonjcH Averc placed under the conunand of General 
 liord Ciithrnrt. On the 12th of June 1740 the Tjiiuty- 
 HlX'l'ir regiment was ordered to proceed to Portsmouth 
 for end)arkation, but only a porti(m of the corps subse- 
 •jueiilly proceeded on tliis service. Some delay occiirred 
 l>y th(( fleet being twice driven back by contrary winds. 
 Oil the 20th of October it sailed a third time, and was 
 diHp(!rrte<l by a tem[)e-:t in the Bay of Biscay ; but the 
 greater part of the vessels were re-collected, and pro- 
 eee(|('d on the voyage. Arriving at the neutral island 
 of Dominien, to provide Avood and Avatei", the troops 
 HiiHtfiined the ht&s of their commander, Lord Cath- 
 cart, (then Colonel of the Sixth dragoon guards, 
 or Carabineers,) who died of dysentery; the com- 
 mand, in e(mseqiumce, devolved on Brigadier-General 
 ThomiK* Weiitworth, Colonel of the Twenty fourth 
 regiment. 
 
 1741. I. ieut. -Colonel James Fleming was promoted from 
 the S(!Venth Iloyal fusiliers to the colonelcy of the 
 TlllUTY-.siXTH regiment on the Dth of January 1741, 
 in HiicecHsion to Colonel Humphrey Bland, removed to 
 the Thirteenth dragjons. 
 
 Upon arriving at Jamaica, in January 1741, the 
 expedlti(»n was joined by Vicc-Adiniral Vernon; but 
 the HeaHon of the year for active service in the West 
 IndicH wan liist passing away, and several circumstances 
 concurred to create further delay. At length an 
 
OR THE IIEUEP0IID8HI11E REGIMENT OF FOOT. 25 
 
 attempt on Cartharjena, the capital of a wealthy pro- 1 741. 
 vinco in the country of Terra Flrma, in South America, 
 Avas resolved upon. Thid place was found strongly 
 fortified, and the garrison was reinforced by the crews 
 of a S(|uadron of large ships. A landing was effected 
 on the island of Terra Bomba, near the mouth of the 
 harbour, on the 10th of March, and the siege of the 
 principal fort or cai^tle, named Bocca-chica, was com- 
 menced. On the evening of the 25th of jSIarch the 
 grenadiers mounted the breach to storm the fortress, 
 when the Spanish garrison fled, and the place wa.s 
 captiu'ed without loss. 
 
 Two channels having been made through the sunk 
 vessels with which the Spaniards had blocked up 
 the entrance of the harbour, the troops and artillery 
 were rc-cmbarked, and commenced landing on the 
 5th of April near the city. The country round Car- 
 thagena was found covered with trees and herbage 
 of the most luxuriant growth, and the interwoven 
 branches foi-med a shelter impenetrable both to heat 
 and light ; as the troops, led by Brigadier-General 
 Bhikeney, advanced along a narrov> defile, several 
 ' men were wounded by shots from the openings into 
 the wood ; on diverging from the defile six hun- 
 dred Spaniards were seen advantageously posted to 
 dispute the i)assage ; but they were speedily driven 
 from their groiuid, and the Biitish bivouacked within 
 a mile of the castle of Lazar, which commanded 
 tiic town. The men passed tlu'ce nights in the open 
 air for want of tents and tools, which could not be 
 landed sooner, and the health of the soldiers was in 
 consequence seriously injured. The siege of the castle 
 was commenced, but a« the men were fast diminishing 
 in numbers from hard duty and the effects of climate, 
 lirigadier-Gcneral Wcntworth rest)lvcd to attack St. 
 Jaizui' by escalade. The attempt was made on the 
 9th of April before day-break, but without success. 
 
 I 
 
 I I 
 
2G HisToiiicAL ufa;oud of thk tiiiuty-sixtii, 
 
 if 
 
 1741.ulth<)iij'li llie iissjiilimts evinood {ll.-?tin{]jiiit<licd f^allantry. 
 After sur^liiinino- a most destructive fire for bevcrid 
 hours with Intre[)idity and perseverance, the troops 
 were ordered to retire, having sustained a severe loss 
 in killed and wounded. 
 
 Violent periodical rains conimcnced, the country was 
 deluged with water, and the change of atmosphere pro- 
 duced fatal tTects on the health of the men, who were 
 tlienclied v th rain. All hope of further success im- 
 mediately vanished, and the troops returned on board 
 the fleet, whore numbers died from the distempers 
 incidental to the climate. 
 
 'ilie forts of the harbour of Carthagena having been 
 demolished, the fleet sailed for Jamaica, and the portion 
 of the T111UTY-8IXTII regiment which had formed part 
 of the expedition subseciuently returned to Great 
 Britain. 
 
 1743. During the year 1743 the TiilltTY-siXTll regiment 
 was stationed in Great Britain. 
 
 1744. In the year 1744 France and Great Britain, from 
 being auxiliaries in the " War of the Austrian Sncces' 
 sion,^'' * became principals in the contest. On the 20th 
 of IMarch 1744 France declared war against England, 
 and on the 29th of that month a counter-declaration 
 was madv:^ by Great Britain, iu which the Frencii 
 Monarch was accused of violating the "Prat/matic 
 
 * AVhile the war was being carried on between Great liritain and 
 Siiain, Cliaiies XI., Emperor of (Jerniany, died on tlie 20th of October 
 1740, and a contest arose in consequence of the succession of the Arch- 
 duchess ]\Iaria Theresa to his hereditary dominions being disputed by the 
 Electors of Bavaria and Saxony, and also by the Kings of Prussia and 
 Spain. The King of France, Louis XV., supported the Elector of 
 Bavaria, while King George If. supported the claims of the Archduehesg 
 Maria Theresa. On the 27th of June 1748, King George II. gained a 
 victory over the French army at Di'llincjcn, and in the following year, 
 Great Britain and France, no longer acting as auxiliaries, became priu* 
 cipals in the contest, which is designated the " War of the Auntrian 
 Succession." 
 
OR TIIK IIEUEF0RD8initE llEOIMENT OF FOOT. 27 
 
 Sanction " * and of asaiHting the son of the Pretender 1744. 
 in his design? on the Jiritish throne. 
 
 In the spring of 1744 the Tiiikty-sixtji and other 
 rcgiinentd were embarked to join the troops in Flanders; 
 but the operations of the Britisii army during that year 
 were confined to the defensive, and no general engage- 
 ment occurred. 
 
 In the spring of 1745 a French army, commanded by 1745. 
 Marslial 8axe, invested Tournay, and the Duke of 
 Cumberland, who had assumed the command of the 
 allied army of British, Dutch, and Austrians, advanced 
 to the relief of the town. The Thirty-sixth regiment 
 Avas left in garison at Ghent, and was consequently not 
 at the battle of Fontenoy, which was fought on the 
 1 1th of jVIay. The Duke of Cumberland having failed 
 in the attempt to relieve Tournay, retreated and en- 
 camped his army at Lessines. In the meantime events 
 Avere transpiring in Scotland which occasioned the 
 TiiiUTY-siXTH and other regiments to be embarked for 
 England. 
 
 Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, having 
 arrived at a remote part of Scotland, was joined by many 
 of the Highland clans, when he proceeded to assert his 
 father's pretentions to the throne. The young adven- 
 turer and his hardy mountaineers made considerable 
 progress, and advanced as far as Derby, but subsequently 
 retreated towards Scotland. Upon the arrival of the 
 TniKTY-siXTH regiment in England, it formed part of 
 the army assembled at Newcastle under Field-jNIarshal 
 Wade, and upon the young Pretender's advance into 
 England, was employed in several movements designed 
 to cover Yorkshire. On the retreat of the insur- 
 
 * The " Pragmatic Sanction " was published by the Emperor oi Ger- 
 many, Charles VI., on the 17th of April 1713, whereby in case of his 
 having no male issue, his daughters were to succeed to his hereditary 
 dominions, in preference to the sons of his late brother, Joseph I. 
 
i 
 
 28 IIISTOIIUAL TlErOIU) OP THE TinilTl--SlXTII, 
 
 1745.;^!;('nt cliUi,-* from J'^nfjliiiid, tho rcgimrnt returned to 
 Nfwcnstlc, ami wa'^ at'tcrwurds orilercd to proceed to 
 Ediiibiir«^li. 
 
 17-10. 'I'he roffiuu'iit iirrlved iit Edinburgh in Jsinunry 1740, 
 !ind was placed under tl;o ordcis of l-iieut.-drcncrul 
 llawliiy, the eonunander of the fcjrocs In North Britain. 
 Meanwhile the young Pretender being joined by new 
 levies, and having i»roeured artillery and annnunition, 
 obtained poss(>:?-ion of the town of Stirling and eoni- 
 nicueed the siege of the (ia.tle. In ordei to raise the 
 i^iegH' Lieut. -(Jencral Ilawley iiuvaneed from lulinbui'gh, 
 and an inea*' pnieur wa.' formed near the village of 
 ludhlih. On the 17th of fJanuary, as the Iving'.s troojjs 
 were at dinner in the camp, the advance of the enemy 
 Avas discovered ; tlu; royai force.s seized their arms and 
 proceeded along some rugged and difHcnIt g'ounds to a 
 large moor, where the rebel army appeared in order of 
 battle. 
 
 Success or failure in the hour of battle has some- 
 times been found to depend upon accidental circum- 
 ^tances over which the commanders of armies have 
 no control. Such was the case at the battle of 
 luillilrh* at which a ttinpcst of wind and rain beat 
 .-() violmitly in the iiici.s of the royal forces at the 
 moment svheu they engaged their adverj^aries, that 
 their ammunition was s[)oiled in the act of loading; 
 the .soldiers coidd not see their opnonents, and 
 several regiments gave way, while others maintained 
 their ground. At night both parties withdrew from 
 the field of battle, and the King'.s troops proceeded 
 to Edinburuh. 
 
 * I.ist of n'<i;iiiicn(.s at tlie battle of Falkirk :—Z>r«^«w,s-, — Tenth 
 Thirteenth, and Fourteenth regiments. Infmttrij, — First lioyals (one 
 battalion), 'i'hinl, t-'oiirtli, Ki.i-vlitli, Tliirtt'enlli, Kourteeiilli, Twenty- 
 seveiitli, Thirty f'onrlli, TiiiitTV-Mxri', Thirty-seventh, Forty-eif^hlii, 
 aiul Ualtereau's, since disbanded. Tlie Glasgow and I'aisk'y Militia 
 witji the Argyle Highlanders, were in reserve. 
 
oil THE TIKURFOUnSTIIUE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 29 
 
 Hisltoyiil Ilij^lmerts tlie Diikc of CiunlKMliind anlveil 174G. 
 ill Scotland to coiiuiuukI the anay, and on tlio 3h-it of 
 January Iho troo^ts were again iu motion towards tlio 
 enemy, who instantly laiscd the siege of Stirling 
 Castle, and made a precipitate retreat to Inverness. 
 The royal forces followed in pur.-iuit, but were delayed 
 in their advance by severe weather. The Tiiiuty- 
 81XTII regiment was engaged in the operations of the 
 army until the battle of CuUoden on the IGth of A[)ril, 
 on which occasion it composed part of the second line 
 under IVIajor-Gencral Huske. The following return 
 shows the number of officers and men in each regiment 
 of infantry on the morning of the battle : — 
 
 Rnynl Scots, now First foot - - 
 
 Lieut.-Gciicnil Howard's, now Thh'd foot 
 Liciit.-General BaneH's, now Fourtli foot 
 Major-Gc-ncral Edwd. "Wolfe's, now Fi;ilitli foot 
 Major-General rultcncy's, now Tliirloentli foot 
 IJrigudicr-Genoral IVico's, now Foiu'lceuth foot 
 .llrigadic'.r-Genoral Bligli's, now TAveiitictli foot 
 Major-General Campbcirs, now Twenty-first 
 
 foot - - . ■ 
 
 IJri^ijadier-Gencral Lord Scni pie's, now Twenty- 
 fifth foot - - - - - 
 Major-G eneral IJlakenoy's, now Twenty-scvcntli 
 
 foot - - - - 
 
 Brigadier-General Cliolraondeley's,now Thirty- 
 fourth foot . - _ - 
 Brigadier-General Fleming's, now Tiiiuty- 
 
 SIXTII foot ... 
 
 Colonel Battercau's, since disbanded 
 
 (!olonel Dcjoan's, now Thirty-seventh regiment 
 
 Colonel Conway's, lunv Forty-eighth regiment 
 
 Total 
 
 OniroM. 
 
 SiTjonnts, 
 
 Uruinini'r.4 
 
 and riiiik 
 
 iind nil- 
 
 2G 
 
 4o;> 
 
 16 
 
 448 
 
 20 
 
 3.33 
 
 22 
 
 3.'52 
 
 22 
 
 352 
 
 23 
 
 336 
 
 20 
 
 447 
 
 19 
 
 393 
 
 23 
 
 392 
 
 20 
 
 336 
 
 24 
 
 435 
 
 26 
 
 389 
 
 27 
 
 396 
 
 23 
 
 468 
 
 24 
 
 362 
 
 335 
 
 5,914 
 
 '' I 
 
 irfAiLi 
 
30 insTOiiicAL nKCOwn op thk TniiiTV-sixTir, 
 
 • 1710. AlU'r 11 rtlmr[) niniKtiiiulc i^cvcral select claiiH of 
 moiintaiiuH'rm .-pniii^ forward, and with shoutt* and 
 difiiuil yells attacked tlie Kiii<;'.s t'orceH Hword in hand. 
 In le«rt than an hour after the connneneemcnt of the 
 action the eneiny'rt forces were overthrown and adeciHivu 
 victory was obtained, wliich effectnally ttnpprcssed the 
 rebellion. 
 
 The TiiiiirY-sixiii regiment Hustained but small 
 loss, having only six men wounded on this occasion. 
 
 After halting a short time at Inverness the army 
 advanced into the liighlandfl,aud encamped in the gloomy 
 valley, surrounded by rugged precipices, near Fort 
 Augustus, from whence detachments were sent out to 
 search for arms, and for ])ersons who had been engaged 
 in the rebellion. Prince Charles, after enduring many 
 hard^^hips, succeeded in escaping to France in Sep- 
 tember. 
 1747. Meanwhile hostilities had be< a continued on the 
 Continent, and in the beginning of 1747, the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment re-embarked atGruvesend for Flanders. 
 After having joined the army commanded by His Royal 
 Highness the Duke of Cumberland, the regiment was 
 engaged in several operations near the frontiers of 
 llitllaud, which led to the battle of Lajfeld, or Val^ 
 fought on the 2d of July 1747, in the villages in the 
 vicinity of Maestricht. On this occasion the allied 
 army was very inferior in numbers to the enemy, 
 and although the British infantry were conspicuous 
 throughout the action for the gallantry with which 
 they fought, the Duke of Cumberland was obliged 
 to order a retreat. His lloyal Highness passed tin 
 highest encomiums on the IJruish troops for thcii; 
 conduct in this battle; and according to the " London 
 Gazette,'' there was not a s(iuadron or battalion 
 which did not charge and beat the enemy more than 
 once. 
 
OU TIIH IIEREFOKDSHIKK UICOIMKNT OF FOOT. 31 
 
 The lot)8 of the TiiMiTV-HiXTii ri'^imeiit in thin Imttlcl747. 
 w«w Major Petrio, Licut(Miiint Hmdie, two KcrjnmtH, 
 and twenty-two rank and file, killed ; with Licnt.- 
 Coloncl tJacke^on, Cai»tainH Morgan, IVchtll, Dod, and 
 Gore, Lieutenant Ackland, Ensignn Van^han, Dnnean, 
 Elrhigton, Strong, and Porter, three HcrjeantH, two 
 drummers*, and seventy-four rank and fde, woumled; 
 and eighty-two men niiissing. 
 
 After withdrawing from the field of battle, the army 
 coutiimed its retreat to Mae.stricht, where it arriviid on 
 the name evening. The Thirty-sixth regiment waw 
 subsequently employed in various parts of the })roviMceM 
 of Limburg and North Brabant. 
 
 The regiment again took the field in the Hj)ring of 1748. 
 1748, and was employed in several operations, but no 
 general engagement occurred. Hostilities were at 
 length terminated by a treaty of peace, wliich was 
 signed at Aix-la-Chapelle on the 7th of OctolxT 174H. 
 During the winter the Tiiirty-81X rii returned to 
 England. 
 
 On its arrival from Holland, the establishnuint of 1741). 
 the regiment was reduced, and it was ordered to pro- 
 ceed to Gibraltar, in which fortress it was stationed 
 during the five following years. 
 
 Colonel Lord Robert Manners was appoitite<l by 17-11. 
 His Majesty King George II. to the cohmelcy of the 
 TiiiKTY-siXTH regiment on the 13th of March 17/51, 
 in succession to Major-General Janu's Fleming, 
 deceased. 
 
 In the Royal Warrant, dated the 1st of July 17/)1, 
 for ensuring uniformity in the clothing, stamliirds, 
 and colours of the army, and regulating tin; numerical 
 title and rank of regiments, the facings of tlu! 'i'liiinv- 
 SIXTH were directed to he green. The first, or King's 
 coloui', was the great union ; the second, or regi- 
 mental colour, was, of green silk, with the union in 
 
 'U 
 
32 TIISTORTC lL record OF THE TIITRTY-SIXTir, 
 
 1751. tlie upper canton; in the centre oi tiic colour tlie 
 number of the rank of the re<riment, in gold lionian 
 characters, within a wreath of ro^es and thistles on the 
 same stalk. 
 
 1754. In 1754 the Tiiikty-sixtii regiment returned to 
 England from Gibraltar, and Avas subsequently sta- 
 tioned in North Britain. 
 
 1755. Towards the end of the year 1755 the Tiiirty- 
 SiXTii regiment was removed from Scotland to South 
 Britain. 
 
 1756. The peace of Aix-la-Chapelle was at length inter- 
 rupted by the aggressions of the French on the British 
 territory in North America; and early in 1756 the 
 King of France jirepared a powerful iinnament for the 
 capture of the island of ^Minorca. In consequence of 
 this attack on Minorca, hostilities became inevitable on 
 the part of Great Britain, and on the 18th of May 
 war was declared against France. At this period 
 the army and navy were increased ; and, among 
 other augmentations, fifteen of the regiments of 
 infantry, including the Tiiiiity-8IXT1I, were author- 
 ized to raise second battalions from the 25th of 
 August 1756. 
 
 From the 17th of June to the 12th of October 1756, 
 the TiiiKTY-siXTii and other regiments were encamped 
 at Clnitham midcr Major-General Lord George 
 Sackville. 
 
 1757. In the year 1757 the Tiituty-stxtii regiment, con- 
 sisting of two battalions, and other corps were encamped 
 under General Charles Duke of Marlborough at 
 Barluun Downs. 
 
 1758. The second battalions, which had been added 
 two years previously to fifteen of the regiments of 
 infantry, were, in 1758, formed into distinct corps, 
 and numbered from the Sixty-first to the Seventy-fifth 
 regiment. By this arrangement the second battalion 
 
 m 
 
 * 
 i 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 33 
 
 of the Thirty-sixth was constituted the Seventy- 1758. 
 fourth regiment, Avhich was disbaudcd after the peace 
 of Fontainebleau.* 
 
 The Government resolved upon making a descent 
 on the French coast, by which it was expected to 
 create such a diversion in favour of the British allies 
 in Germany as would obviate the necessity of sending 
 them a reinforcement of troops. The Thirty-sixth 
 formed a part of the army selected for this service, which 
 amounted to foiuteen thousand men, and was com- 
 manded by General Charles Duke of Marlborough. 
 The Thirty-sixth proceeded to the Isle of Wight, 
 where it was formed in brigade w ith the Fifth, Twenty- 
 fifth, and Seventy-fourth regiments (the latter corps 
 since disbanded), under Major-General John Mostyn. 
 Tlic embarkation commenced on the 24 th of May ; 
 the expedition sailed on the 1st of June, and on the 
 5th of that month a landing was effected, without loss, 
 about two leagues to the eastward of St. Maloes, 
 towards which place the army advanced in two colunms 
 on the 7th of June, and encamped within a mile from 
 the town : 'here the Commander-in-Chief reconnoitred, 
 and having observed several houses filled with navjil 
 and military stores, which were not protected by the 
 jruns of the town, the Thirty-sixth, in common with 
 the other regiments, furnished a detachment, which was 
 sent after dark to set fire to them, a service which was most 
 effectually performed, thirteen vessels of war, besides 
 
 2nd Uatt. Constituted. 
 
 * 3d Foot, the Gist regiment. 
 
 4th „ the G2d regiment. 
 
 8th „ the 63d regiment. 
 
 11th,, the 64th regiment. 
 
 12th „ the 65th regiment. 
 
 1 'Jth „ the 66th regiment. 
 
 20th „ the 67th regiment. 
 
 23d „ the 68tli regiment. 
 
 Tlie 71st, 72d, 73d, 74th, and 75th 
 the peace of Fontainebleau in 1763. 
 
 C 
 
 2nd Batt. Constituted. 
 
 24th Foot, the 69th regiment. 
 31st „ the 70th regiment. 
 32d „ the 71st regiment. 
 33d „ the 72d regiment. 
 34th „ the 73d regunent. 
 36th „ the 74th regiment. 
 37th „ the 75th regiment. 
 
 regiments were disbanded after 
 
 t '., 
 
34 IIISTOIUCAL KECORI) OF THE TIIIllTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1758. several merchantmen, and vast quantities of stores being 
 destroyed. St. Maloes, though incapable of making an 
 effectual resistance against nreguLir siege, was considered 
 too strong to be attemptec y a coup-de-main ; the troops 
 were accordingly re-embarked, and preparations were 
 afterwards made for a descent at Granville, on the coast 
 of Normandy, and afterwards at Cherbourg ; but, the 
 weather being severe, the fleet returned to England. 
 
 In August of the sauie year the Thirty-sixth wr.s 
 engaged in a second expedition to the coast of France, 
 when Cherbourg was captured, and the harbour, forts, 
 magazines, and ordnance, consisting of 173 pieces of 
 iron cannon and thi'ee mortars were destroyed ; at the 
 same time, 22 pieces of fine brass cannon and two brass 
 mortars were brought off as trophies, and sent to 
 England, when, after being viewed by King George II. 
 in Hyde Park, they were conducted in procession through 
 the City to the Tower of London. 
 
 Another descent was made on the coast of Brittany 
 on the 4th of September, when the batteries in the bay 
 of St. Lunaire were destroyed, and the troops marched 
 into the interior, while the fleet proceeded to the bay 
 of St. Cass, thus alarming the country with the view of 
 producing the return of the French army from Gennany. 
 Upon the troops being re-embarked at St. Cass, the 
 enemy attacked the rear-guard and occasioned consider- 
 able loss. Towards the end of September the regiment 
 landed at Cowes, and, having encamped a short period 
 near Newport, went into winter (quarters. 
 
 1759. During the summer of 1759 the regiment was 
 encamped at Chatham under Licut.-General John 
 Campbell, afterwards Duke of Argyle. 
 
 1760. In the course of the year 1760 the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment was encamped at Sandheath under Lieut.- 
 General the Earl of Ancram. 
 
 1761. In the spring of 1761 a force proceeded imder the 
 
 command of Major-General Studholme 
 
 Hodgson 
 
oil TIIK IIEREFOllDSIIIUE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 35 
 
 against Tielle-hle, a French island in the Bay ofl761, 
 Biscay, off the coast of Brittany. The expedition 
 a[)pearcd before Belle-Isle on the 7th of April, and a 
 landing was attempted on the following day, but 
 witiiout success ; —other endeavours to secure a landing 
 on different points of the island proving also unsuccess- 
 ful, orders were given to desist from the attempt, and 
 the men returned to the boats, and proceeded back to 
 their several shij)s. Many of the boats were destroyed 
 or damaged in these efforts, and about five hundred 
 men were lost in killed, wounded, and missing. 
 
 Major-General Hodgson subsequently received the 
 following reinforcements, of which the Thirty-sixth 
 formed part : — ■ 
 
 Commanding Officers. Men. 
 
 - Major J. Biddulph - - 800 
 
 - Lieut.-Colonel W. Preston 800 
 
 Regiments. 
 Third foot, 
 Thirty-sixth foot, - 
 Seventy-fifth foot (after- 
 wards disbanded) 
 Eighty-liftli foot, Second^ 
 
 battalion, (afterwards V Major Sir Hugh Williams - 
 disbanded), -^ 
 
 } Lieut.-Colonel C. Parry - 800 
 
 600 
 
 3,000 
 
 A landing was effected by Brigadier-General Hamil- 
 ton Lambert on the 22d of April, on the rocks near 
 Point Lomai-ia, where the difficulty of ascending the 
 precipice had made the enemy least attentive to that 
 part. Beauelerk's grenadiers (Nineteenth foot), with 
 Captain Patterson, of that regiment, gained the summit 
 before the enemy saw what was intended, who imme- 
 diately marched a body of three hundred men to attack 
 them ; the grenadiers, however, maintained their ground 
 till the remainder of Brigadier Lambert's troops arrived. 
 The success thus gained was promptly followed up ; the 
 French were eventually repulsed, and three brass field- 
 pieces, with a few prisoners, were captured. 
 
 c 2 
 
36 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1761. The cannon was aftcrwanls landed from the ships and 
 dragged up the rocks ; the lines which covered the town 
 of Palais were cairied by assault, and the siege of the 
 citadel was prosecuted with vigour. The garrison, 
 under their governor, the Chevalier dc St. Croix, made 
 a gallant defence ; but on the 7th of June were forced 
 to surrender, and were permitted to march through the 
 breach with tiie honours of war, in consideration of their 
 braveiy. The capture of the inland was thus achieved, 
 with the los/s of about eighteen hundred men killed and 
 wounded. 
 
 This conquest was regarded with great pride by the 
 British nation ; but the island wns restored to France, 
 at the peace of Fontaineblcau in 1703, in exchange for 
 Minorca, which had been taken by the French at the 
 commencement of the war. 
 
 During the remainder of the year 1761 the TiiiRTY- 
 8IXTH regiment was stationed in South Britain. 
 
 1762. The Thiuty-SIXHi regiment (lining 1762 continued 
 to be quartered in South Britain. In January war 
 was declared against Spain, and in the summer of that 
 year the regiment was encamped at Sandhcath under 
 Lieut.-Gencral Edward Carr. Xogociati(ms for peace 
 Avere shortly afterwards connnenced, and the prelimi- 
 nary articles were signed at Fontaineblcau by the Duke 
 of Bedford on the 3d of November 1762. 
 
 1763. On the 10th of February 1763 the treaty of 
 Fontaineblcau was concluded at Pari.--, the ratifica- 
 tions were exchanged on the lOth of March, and 
 peace was proclaimed in liondon on the 22d of that 
 month. 
 
 1764. The TiiiKTY-siXTii regimen c embarked on the 17th 
 of March 1764 for Jamaica, iu which island it was sta- 
 tioned for some years. 
 
 1765. Major-General liichard PierHon was removed from 
 the Sixty-third to the TiiiiiTv-siXTll regiment on the 
 11th of September 1765, in succession to Lieut.- 
 
OB THE IIEREFORDSIimE REGIMENT OP FOOT. 37 
 
 General Lord Robert Manners, appointed to the Third 1765. 
 dragoon guards. 
 
 In 1773 the Thirty-sixth returned home from 1773. 
 Jamaica, and the regiment arrived in England in June 
 of that year. 
 
 On the 6th of August 1774, the light infantry com- 17 74. 
 I)anie8 of the Third, Eleventh, Twenty-first, Twenty- 
 ninth, Thirty-second, Thiuty-sixth, and Seventieth 
 regiments assembled at Salisbury, where they were 
 formed into a brigade, and disciplined under the com- 
 mand of Major-General the Honourable Sir William 
 Howe until the 4th of October following, when they 
 were reviewed by His Majesty King George III. in 
 Kichmond Park, and were afterwards ordered to rejoin 
 their respective regiments. 
 
 The Avar with the American colonies commenced inl775. 
 April 1775, but the Thirty-sixth regiment did not 
 proceed to that country ; on the 1 0th of September fol- 
 lowing it cn.'barked at Portsmouth for Ireland, where 
 it was stationed for the seven following years. 
 
 Colonel the Honourable Henry St. John, Lieutenant- 1778. 
 Colonel of the Sixty-seventh regiment, was appointed 
 Colonel of the Thirty-sixth on the 27th of November 
 1778, in succession to Lieut.-Gcncral Richard Pierson, 
 removed to the Thirteenth dragoons. 
 
 A letter, dated the 31st of August 1782, conveyed to 1782. 
 the regiment His Majesty's pleasure that county titles 
 should be conferred on the infantry, and the Thirty- 
 si xtm was directed to assume the designation of the 
 liEitEFORDSHiRE regiment, in order that a connexion 
 between the corps and that county should be cultivated, 
 which might be useful in promoting the success of the 
 recruiting service. 
 
 On the 6th of September 1782, the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment was brought from Ireland, and placed on the 
 British establishment, and occupied Hilsea barracks,] 
 near Portsmouth. 
 
 c 3 
 
 . i.M 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 If 
 
 
 il 
 
 
 
 ih i 
 
 V 
 
 m 
 
 IPS 
 
 
 If 
 
 I"! 
 
 
 jsl 
 

 FIIHTOlllCAL KECOTU) Ol" THK TllIKTY-SlXTJl, 
 
 1(1 
 
 1782, The coiifjst witli the Amciican v'')U)nl!^ts had In- 
 volved (Jic'it IJritain in war with France, S})ain, and 
 Il<»llaitd; but on the 30th of November 1782, the prc- 
 liniinury articles of peace were sij^ned at Paris between 
 (ireat Ilritain and the United States of America, and 
 tlio treaty Avas conchided in the ensuing Febrnary. 
 
 1783, In the year 1783, peace was concluded between 
 JOn/^hmd, France, Spain, and Holland. A new field 
 of Mcrvicc was abont to open for the TiiiKTY-siXTii, 
 iliat rej^iniont liaving been selected to proceed to the 
 Kant Indies, for which country it embarked at Ports- 
 month on the lOtli of March 1783, and arrived at 
 Madras in »Iuly following, while the British were 
 etigagtid in hostilitie.-* against the powerful Sultan 
 of the Mysore, Tippoo Saib, who, on the deatli of Iiis 
 father, Ilyder Ali, in December of the preceding 
 year, had succeeded to the dominions of that soldier 
 of forttinc. 
 
 The regiment, being thirteen hundred strong, was 
 Innncjdiatelv transferred from the Indiamen into Kinu's 
 nhips, and jtroceeded, under the conunand of Brevet- 
 ('oh)nel Allan Campbell, to the relief of Mangaloro, on 
 the Malabar coast, which had been invested by Tippoo 
 Saib on the 18th of May 1783, and was gallantly de- 
 l'cnd(!d by the second battalion of the Forty-accon(' 
 regiment (afterwards numbered the Seventy-third regi- 
 ment) and some native corps. Meanwhile the general 
 pence, which had been entered into witii tlie Kuropeau 
 I'owers, deprived Tippoo of his French allies, and the 
 Sultan entered into ne£>;otiations for terminating: the 
 war between Mysore and the British. The troo])s 
 under Brigadier-General Macleod appeared in sight of 
 Mangalore on tlie 24th of November 1783, but on the 
 1st of December, in consequence of the following cir- 
 eumsfanees, the ships sailed to the southward. 
 
 Some boats with Sepoys having at this period been 
 wreck(!d near Cannanorr, upon the Malabar coast, about 
 
OK THE IIEllEFOKDSJIiRE KEGIMENT OF FOOT. 39 
 
 I 
 i- 
 
 5 
 
 two liundrcd of them were seized and detained by Alil783. 
 llajah Biby, the Queen of that country ; repeated appli- 
 cationa were made for their I'elease, but without success, 
 and Brigadier-General Nonnan Macleod determined to 
 take satisfaction for these injt'ies, immediately after 
 the relief of Mangalore. Tippoo Saib desired him to 
 desist, and claimed the ruler of the Cannanore country 
 as his ally. 
 
 The Thirty-sixth regiment proceeded under the 
 command of Major the Honourable John Knox to Can- 
 nanore, which was captured by the troops under Bri- 
 gadier-General Macleod in December 1783. 
 
 On the nth of March 1784 peace was concluded 1784. 
 with Tippoo Saib, the Sultan of Mysore ; one of the 
 articles of the treaty stipulated, that the fort and dis- 
 trict of Cannanore should be evacuated and restored to 
 x\li Rujah Biby, the Queen of that country. 
 
 During the }ears 1785, 1786, 1787, and 1788, the 1785 
 Thirty-sixth regiment occupied cantonments at Poo- to 
 namallee, Arcot, Vellore, and WalUihabad. 1788. 
 
 The insatiable ambition of Tippoo Saib, the Sultan 1789. 
 of the Mysore territory, soon involved the British 
 Government of India in another war ; he appeared near 
 the confines of the country of Travancore, at the head 
 of a powerful army, made unreasonable demands on the 
 Rajah, a British ally, and commenced hostilities towards 
 the end of December 1789. 
 
 A force was consequently directed to be assembled, in 1790. 
 March 1790, at Wallahabad, under the orders of Colonel 
 Thomas Musgrave of the Seventy-sixth regiment ; it 
 was put in movement on the 29th of that month, and 
 proceeded towards Trichinopoly, at which place the 
 troops arrived on the 29th of April, where the following 
 corps had been collected under the command of Colonel 
 Bridges : — Two King's regiments, the Thirty-sixth 
 and Seventy- second; the Second and Fifth Native 
 cavalry ; the First, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Sixteenth, 
 
 c 4 
 
 I 
 
} i 
 
 40 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTV-SIXTII, 
 
 1790. Twentieth, and Twenty-third Coast sepoys. At tlio 
 same time Colonel Deare, with three companies of IJcn- 
 gal artillery, joined, the whole being under the ordern 
 of Major-General Musgravc, to which rank he had been 
 promoted on the 28th of ^ ril 1700. 
 
 On the 24th of May Ai ' v-\ loral (afterwards Sir 
 AVilliam) Medows assumed '';• <.,.ii!.t and, and reviewed 
 the army, which was directed r> pric^'id towards the 
 Coimbatore country. 
 
 Advancing from Trichinopoly on the 26th of May, 
 and penetrating the enemy's country, the army arr'(\ud, 
 after a march of about fifty miles, on the 15th of Juno, 
 at the fort of Caroor, where the troops encamped 
 eighteen days, while provisions were being collecto<l and 
 a magazine formed. Leaving this place on the 3d of 
 July, the army marched to Daraporam, which waH 
 abandoned by the enemy ; a garri^^on was left at this 
 l)lace; and the army marched through a beautiful country 
 to the city of Coimbatore, whei*c the British arrived on 
 the 22nd July ; here the army halted, and detaehmenls 
 were sent off to reduce Dindigul, Errode, and Palghaiit- 
 cherry. About the end of July, Colonel, afterwards 
 General Sir John Floyd, of the Nineteenth light 
 dragoons (^ince disbanded), with the Cavalry of tiio 
 army and a brigade of Native infantry, was ordered lu 
 take possession of the small and weak fort of Sutthniui,' 
 (juhtm, in which, after its capture, he placed n battalion 
 of sepoys. At this period the army was se[»arat('d in 
 three divisions, one at Coimbatore, one at Sattinnin- 
 gulum, sixty miles in advance, and one besieging Pal- 
 ghautchcrry. Tippoo resolved to attack, and if possible 
 destroy, the division in advance before the nuiiu body 
 could arrive to its support. The troops from Coim- 
 batore were accordingly ordered to march, to reinforce 
 Colonel Floyd. 
 
 In the bcgining of September a detachment of troop« 
 under Colonel Oldham, of which the Thiuty-MJXTH 
 
oil THE HEUEFORDSIIIIIE HEGIMENT OF FOOT. 41 
 
 formed part, mjirehecl from Errodc to join Colonel Floyd 1790. 
 5it Sattitnimf/uhim, which [iliicc was reached in three days. 
 Colonel Floyd's entire force now consisted of His Ma- 
 jesty's Nineteenth light dragoons and sixteen troops of 
 Native cavalry, His Majesty's TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment 
 and five battalions of Native infantry, eleven guns, and 
 a due proportion of artillerymcr and officers. Detach- 
 ments of cavalry were sent almost every day to scour 
 the country towards the Gudzelhetty Pass, and they 
 generally brought in a few of the enemy's horse, belong- 
 ing to Syde Siiib's party, stationed at the foot of the 
 Ghauts, who were much distressed for provisions and 
 forage, his people having been constantly obliged to 
 cross the Boovany, in order to procure grain in the 
 <lifterent villages, in which places they were generally 
 taken prisoners ; their horses were very small and bad. 
 A deposit of grain and provisions was in the meantime 
 formed in this frontier station for the use of the army 
 under Major-General Medows, which was destined to 
 ascend to Mysore by the Gud/elhetty Pass early in Octo- 
 ber. On the 1 1th and 12th of September it was reported 
 in camp that Tippoo, in person, had descended the Gud- 
 zclhetty Pass with a large army of cavalry and infantry, 
 with several pieces of artillery. On the morning of the 
 12th of September Tii)poo's army, estimated at about 
 thirty thousand cavalry, infantry, and ai'tillery, de- 
 scended the Gudzclhetty Pass, and crossed the 13oovany 
 river at daybreak of the following morning. A recon- 
 noitring party of British cavalry, under IMajor Child, 
 encountered the enemy's advance guard of cavalry on 
 the 13th, and compelled it to recross the river. On the 
 12th at night orders had been given to Major Parley 
 to march with his regiment of Native cavalry towards 
 the Pass early in the morning, to support Major Child, 
 and he had not proceeded three miles, when he perceived 
 a large body of cavalry advancing, and was immediately 
 charged by them ; being so much pressed on all sides. 
 
 M 
 
 r 
 
 i'!4 
 
 
 
 ■.:U 
 
42 iriSTOIlK AL UFX'OIM) OK Till; THIIlTV-HIXTir, 
 
 1790. Iio WHS obliged (o (:ik(.' |)(--t nnd kocp oil' the enemy 
 wliilo hisiiiniiiiiiiilioii liistcd, \vlii('lMva.s nearly expended, 
 when (\)l<)nol Floyd, with tlie rcniainder of the cavahy, 
 came to hin 8U[)i)oit, to whom lie had sent information 
 on fxiai ])erccivin<ij the enemy ; this reinforcement for- 
 tunately arrived just in time, as Major Darley's regiment 
 was in a very dangerous situation. 
 
 Colonel Floyd, unperceived by J'ippoo's forces, 
 eharp;cd them in Hunk with three troops of the Nine- 
 teenth light dragoon?*, sup])orted by the remainder of the 
 regiment, entirely routed them, andpur.sued them to the 
 river ; it was supiiosed tlijit the enemy had nearly five 
 hundred killed on the ground, and a great number 
 drowned in endeavouring to recross the river, which 
 was fordable in very few places, while those were deep 
 and dangerous. 
 
 The infantry moved about two miles from the camp 
 in order to give support if necessary. The encampment 
 being contiued, and change of situation requisite, orders 
 aad been already issiied for a change of ground, which 
 was situated about a mile from the position then 
 o<>cupiod, near to Damicotta ; the tents were accordingly 
 struck early on the 1.3th of September. 
 
 Cohniel Floyd, having dispersed the body of cavalry, 
 the troops were ordered to return to camp, which they 
 had not reached a fjuarter of an hour, when some guns 
 were opened from the opposite side of the river, whose 
 shot came direct into the lines : the lines innnediately 
 turned out, and the tents, which were scarcely pitched, 
 Averc ordered to be struck. The enemy was perceived 
 in great force on both sides of the river; and three 
 columns, two of infantry and one of cavalry, on the 
 same side of the river with the British detachment, 
 could be distinguished marching with rapidity round 
 the left flank, which the foe seemed endeavouring to 
 penetrate ; the opening of the guns on the opposite side, 
 and showing force there, being intended to Avithdraw 
 
on THE IIKUKFOIlDSHfRK llKfilMKNT OF FOOT. 43 
 
 iitteiitioii tVom his intended attack, ('oloiiel Floyd 1790, 
 moved out the inlimtry to ii eonuuandinj^ <ji;round, with 
 tlic Britisii lii^lit towards the river, and tiie left extcMided 
 HO ji.A to eovor Sfitfiniion/i/hiin, and prevent the enemy 
 gettlnfif on his flank. 
 
 The first line consisted of the First Native battalion 
 on the ri<i;ht; the TniuTY-sixrii Kinff's regiment, the 
 Fifth and Twenty-fifth iVative hattalioms on the left; 
 the cannon consisted of one eij^hteen-brass-pounder, 
 two tvvelvc-pounderd, and cip;ht sixes. 
 
 The ground between the British and that occupied 
 by the forces of Tippoo Saib was low and intersected 
 with thick hedges ; the JJritish left was covered by 
 stony rugged ground, difHcult of a[)proach ; the enemy 
 formed his line nearly parallel to the British, having his 
 left extended to the river at about twelve huiKh'cd 
 yards distance. Before the troops had well taken up 
 their position, the enemy opened some guns ; the ground 
 was exceedingly stony, as was most of the country 
 adjacent, which in a great manner prevented Tippoo 
 making use of his cavalry during the day. The British 
 cavalry formed a second line, about half a mile in the 
 rear ; the baggage was moved under the cover of some 
 hills about the same distance in the rear and on the 
 right flank of the cavalry ; the enemy kept firing from 
 three or four guns from the opposite side of the river 
 during the whole of the day, the British right being 
 within shot of them, to which one battalion was fronted 
 to hinder him from crossing the river, as it Avas fordaMe 
 in that part. One native battalion (the sixteenth) 
 remained in the fort, where it had been stationed 
 some time. 
 
 When the cannonade first commenced it was about 
 eleven o'clock, a.m. Soon after the British had taken 
 up their ground the enemy opened about sixteen guns, 
 and in a short time had the I'ange of the line very 
 exactly. Colonel Deare, of the Bengal Artillery, who 
 
41 IIISTOUICAI- UKCOUn OF TIIK TIIIIITV-HIXTII, 
 
 !! ' 
 
 Ml 
 
 17nO. was ()!» iUo. ri^lit }^lvin<( some neccsfiiry dircctloiiH, wns 
 wliot tlironj^li the hody shortly nl'tcr the coimnencciuoiit 
 of tlio iictioii. At, about one oVlock the axletrccH of the 
 two t\velve-|)o\m<lors hrokc, and reiidciTd those two 
 <^\iu^ usch;s.-<; these were the best the British hud for 
 the purpose. 
 
 Finding- th:it the men were beginning to suffer very 
 much, an nearly every ball struek the line, CUdonel 
 Floyd, not wisliing to give uj) his advantageous position, 
 ordered the men to lie down, whieh preserved the lives 
 of several. The troops obeyed those directions, and 
 sustained with the iireatest coolness and fortitude the 
 galling fire of the enemy. The caimonade continued 
 without the least intermission until it was ({uitc dark, 
 about eight at night. Tippoo's forces, suj)posing from 
 the inactivity of the British during the day that 
 a night attack was meditated, withdrew about six miles 
 back on t'lc road by which they had advanced that 
 
 mornuig. 
 
 The British were not able to do the enemy much 
 injury, for the six-i)0un(lers scarcely rcsiched his line ; 
 the slaughter among th<> draught cattle was very great, 
 nearly two-thirds of them being killed. The TiiiUTY- 
 t^iXTii had Lieutenant Dennis Kelly Armstrong and 
 twenty-five men killed ; Lieutenant .John Valiancy and 
 about forty men were wounded. 
 
 When the cannonade ceased, every assistance was 
 given to the w(^undcd ; from the situation of the baggage 
 and stores no refreshment could be procured for the 
 men except a dram of arrack, the cattle carrying Avater 
 for the men having been mostly killed, and the drivers 
 fearing to come to the lines, water was much wanted. 
 A council of war was held during the night, in which it 
 was agreed to force a way through the enemy's lines 
 about three o'clock in the morning of the 14th of 
 {September, and join ^Major-General (afterwards Sir 
 William) Medows, to whom information had been sent 
 
OR THE lIEUEFOUDHIIinE REniMKNT Ol' FOOT. 4.'i 
 
 on the ni^'ht of the 12th or morning of the l.'Uh. 1790. 
 Every emlcuvour was nmdc to repair the two twelve- 
 pounderd, and settle tiie other guii^ hu um t(» move ; the 
 want of cuttle waa bo great that it wan lni|ioHHihle to 
 draw all thc<;un8; the baggage waa nearehed, nnd all 
 the private dranglit bnllockrt that could he obtained 
 were brought tt) the lines, but on trial woidd not move 
 the guns. The necessary instructions were givciu for 
 tlus march, which was to take place, from the left, in 
 the following manner: — The greiuuVuirs of the TniiiTV- 
 siXTii regiment to lead, provided with instruments for 
 spiking the enemy's guns; the Twenty-fiflh Native 
 battalion next, then the Fifth battali«)n ; the battidion 
 companies of the Tjiiutv-sixtii regiment; the Six- 
 teenth and First Native battalions ; the light company 
 of the TitiKTY-siXTii regiment in the ivm: The 
 cavalry were to march in a separate eoliuun on tin? left. 
 The sixteenth battalion of sepoyjj wa* ordered to bi; 
 withdrawn from the fort about twelve at night, but did 
 not arrive until five, to which may be attribiilcMl the 
 engagement on the 14th, as the troo[)s woid<l otherwise 
 have l)ecn two hours' march in advance of tlu! enemy. 
 It was only found possible to repair one of the twelve- 
 ])(mndors. and that with mueli exertion ; ujion collecting 
 all the bullocks that could I>e ohtaiiu'd, the eighteen- 
 ])ouuder, two eix-pounders, and two tund)rils were 
 obliged to be left on the ground, besides the broken 
 down twclve-poundei -. one wheel «»f the eighteen- 
 l)ounder had been mu .h dan\aged, as was tlu; limber, 
 and one of the six-pounders; unfortumilely the followers, 
 the people with the baggage, and the woinided, who 
 were moved behind one of the hills in the rear, b('ing 
 out of danger, were not properly iufoi'iued of the in- 
 tended march, and were left almost to tlu; nierey of the 
 enemy's horso. The first they knew ol' th(! movement 
 was seeing the line in motion, and every one then 
 endeavoured to make the best of his way to it; sonic 
 
 J.J 
 
 ■m 
 
4G iiisromcAL kecord of the jihutv-sixtit, 
 
 t 
 
 w 
 
 1790. of the tlooly-iiieu ran off, as diil most of the followers, 
 loavlnj^ the sick and a great portion of the baggage on 
 the ground ; when it was siifticiently light, it was 
 verceived that the enemy liad left the position occupied 
 by him during the; night. The British line moved off 
 about five o'clock, and was obliged to lift the guns on 
 by liand, which caused the troops to get on very slowly. 
 Jicfore the ground had been well quitted, it was covered 
 by the euenjy's troops, Avho coidd be seen cutting down 
 every straggler they met ; they came close on the rear, 
 annoying it as much as they could; all the wounded 
 and sick as were able to make their way to the line 
 were placed on the guns, and such officei's' horses as 
 could be found ; in a short time the guns were laden 
 with them as much as could by any method be placed 
 on them, which nuich increased the difficulty of moving, 
 the soldiers being chiefly obliged to drag the guns. 
 The march was continued unmolested except by small 
 parties of hoi'se, until the troo[KS arrived within about 
 four miles of ISlunouor, five miles from Sattiinungvlum. 
 The country was very close, and there being but one 
 road between two rugged hills, the l^ritish formed one 
 colunm, the cavalry leadin^^ ; these moving faster than 
 the infantry had reached Shawoor, and were most of 
 them dismounted collecting ftragc, when Tippoo's forces 
 wen; perceived on some rising ground on the right 
 flank, gaining on the British with great lapldity. The 
 centre oi the line had just reached some rising ground, 
 when the enemy opened two giuis; the second shot 
 killed and wounded fmr men of the TliniTY-SiXTiT 
 regiment. The line kept still moving forward, the 
 enemy closing on it in all directions, his cavalry making 
 several charges in front, and particularly on the rear ; 
 some of his infantry had by this time got very close 
 without being perceived, as the country was much 
 intersected with hedges, and annoyed the line greatly 
 with nuiskctry and rockets, particularly the centre and 
 
on THE llEREFORDSUIUE llEGIMENT OF rOOT. 47 
 
 rear. The line halted, and fronted the enemy. When 1790. 
 the British musketry commenced, the enemy's horse had 
 formed completely round the troops, and were making 
 constant charges at the line in all directions, several 
 times coming close to the ranks ; the most numerous 
 attacks Avere on the rear flank ; the light company of 
 the Thirty-sixth was much pressed, and several were 
 killed and wounded ; this company continued the 
 arduous conflict until the ammunition was expended, 
 when charging with the bayonet Captain William 
 Hartley of the Thirty-sixth was killed. 
 
 The light company was immediately relieved by a 
 battalion company of the Thirty-sixth, which Avas 
 again relieved by another company on the ammunition 
 being expended. 
 
 In this cool and spirited manner the engagement 
 was carried on for about two hours and a half with the 
 same regularity as on a common field day, when the 
 enemy's cavalry, consisting of about two thousand, in 
 two dense columns, made a circuit and charged the 
 grenadier company, commanded by Captain Kobert 
 Burne, of the Thirty-sixth, but were effectually 
 checked by a steady and well-directed fire from the 
 company, which caused them to Avhecl off" to the south. 
 During the engagement, and imniediately after this 
 event, an oflficcr of the British artillery, seeing a chief 
 of the enemy's army mounted on an elephant encou- 
 raging his troops on to the attack, directed his fire 
 against him, and killed him Avith the third shot. This 
 chief proved to be Bunham-ud-deen, the commander of 
 tlie army, and a near relative of the Sultan Tippoo Saib. 
 
 Tiiis event, in addition to the discouraging circum- 
 stance of having been repulsed Avith considerable loss 
 in every attempt to breal*: the ]jritisli line, decided the 
 fate of the day; the enemy retired from the contest, 
 and by four o'clock in 4he afternoon left his opponents 
 complete masters of the field of battle. 
 
 
 li 
 
 i I 
 
 A%j 
 
48 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1790. Colonel Floyd, with the cavalry, being a few miles 
 in advance, on the sudden appearance of the enemy's 
 cavalry, and hearing from Colonel Oldham the situ- 
 ation of the infantry, immediately formed line, and 
 charged the foe, who, dreading to come in contact with 
 the troops that had, in the early skirmish on the pre- 
 vious day, given him such a severe specimen of their 
 prowess, moved oft' at too rapid a rate to be overtaken ; 
 a pursuit was, however, kept up for some time, and, 
 after scouring the country for a distance round, the 
 troops were enabled to rest quietly dining the night at 
 the villiigo of fehawoor, where they arrived about 
 seven o'clock in the evening. 
 
 Colonel Floyd liaving during the action received 
 intelligence of the aiiival of Major-General Medows 
 at Vellady tliat day, a distance of about twenty miles 
 from Siiawoor, the march of tiie entire detachmcnl was 
 in consequence directed to that village; and, moving off 
 nt three o'clock in the morning of the 1 5th of Scpteniber, 
 arrived there at sunset in the evening, quite overcome 
 by fatigue, thirst, and hunger. 
 
 The TiiiUTY-siXTn regiment, wliich had borne the 
 brunt of the contest, had no refreshment from the 
 evening of the 13*h until late on that of the 15th of 
 September, excepting a supjjly of tobacco procured by 
 Lieutenant William Chambers, of the TiriUTY-siXTir, 
 inunediatelv after the action, from a cabin in the nei,"h- 
 bourhood of tlu; line. The good ([uallties of this plant 
 are well known lo soldiers and sailors, and under these 
 clrcnnistanccs this timely supply proved a matter of 
 il'ieat imi)(»rtance to the men. It all:i\ ed their hunifor 
 :ind thlr.^l, revived their .sphit.-i, and afforded infinite 
 relief during the remainder of their long and fatiguing 
 march. 
 
 It is to be observed that 'J'li)p()o's regular troops, 
 called the " Tiger Infantry," w.ere the attacking force 
 on this occasion, and were so named from their jackets 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 49 
 
 having the emblem stripe of the royal tiger woven in 17 90. 
 the cloth. A report was also current, that after the 
 battle Tippoo asked the officers why they had not 
 destroyed tne Feringhee battalion; to which they 
 replied, that " they had done their best, but the bat- 
 " talion wearing the colour of their prophet (the facings 
 " of the Thirty-sixth being greeii), could not be van- 
 " quished by any troops in the world." 
 
 The army returned to Coimbatorc on the 23d of 
 September. The Sultan, disappointed in his object 
 of destroying the divisions of the British army in detail, 
 resolved to attack the chain of depots; he gained 
 possession of Errode and the stores at that place, 
 and afterwards marclied soutlnvards. The British 
 troops advanced from Coimbatore on the 29th of Sep- 
 tember, and, arriving at Enode on the 4th of October, 
 found the i)lace abandoned, and Tippoo's army gone. 
 lie had marched in the direction of Coimbatore ; but, 
 hearing that the garrison was augmented, he advanced 
 rapidly upon Darraporam, against which the Sultan 
 opened his batteries on the 8th of October. The fort 
 hi'd no cannon mounted, and the garrison, consisting 
 of a lii:ndred Europeans and two hundred sepoys, 
 capitulated on honourable terms, to Avhich the enemy 
 strictly adhered. 
 
 The Britl.-^li army moved on the 5th of October, and 
 en the 15 th of that month encamped in the neighbour- 
 hood of Coimbatore, where Lieut.-Colonel Stuart joined 
 from Palghiuitchcrry, after having taken the place, and 
 left it in a tolerable state of defence. The pursuit of 
 the Sultan was continued, the troops traversing ex- 
 tensive tracts of country, and undergoing much fatigue 
 under an Indian sun. In the middle of November the 
 army traversed the diflioult pass of Tappoor, winding 
 through deej) valleys, and dragging the guns over 
 precipices. Here the advance fell in wiili ^lic rear of 
 Tippoo's foi'ce, but could make no impression. The 
 
 D 
 
 bM 
 
50 HI8T01UCAL KECOKD OF THE TIlIllTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1790. Sultan resolved to leave the British troops in his own 
 country, and to invade the Carnatic, which would 
 bring the English back for the defence of Trichinopoly. 
 Major-General Medows was about to carry offensive 
 plans into execution, when the movements of Tippoo 
 rendered it necessary to return to the Carnatic, and 
 the army arrived at the vicinity of Trichinopoly in the 
 middle of December. 
 
 1791. On the 1st of January 1791, the army arrived at 
 Terrimungulum, and on the i2th at Arnee. During 
 this long and fatiguing inarch the Anglo-Indian troops 
 frequently encamped upon the ground horn which the 
 enemy had removed in the morning; but the efforts 
 made to overtake him were not successful. The sick 
 and heavy guns having been placed in the fort of 
 Arnee, on the 14th of Jam ary the advnuce and right 
 wing marched for Velhout, where they arrived on the 
 27th, followed by the left wing. 
 
 On the 29th of January the arvy vas reviewed by 
 General Charles Earl Cornwallis, K. C "ho had 
 arrived from Bengal to .issumc 'he communcl, ad who 
 expressed great satisfaction at the appeaiuace of the 
 troops. His Lordship was at this period Governor- 
 General and Conunandcr -in-Chief in the East Indies, 
 and had quitted Bengal on the 6th of December of the 
 previous year, and landed at Fort St. George, Madras, 
 on the 30th of the same month. 
 
 The army arrived in the vicinity of Vellore on the 
 11th of February 1791, and the troops were ordered 
 into too fort. Tippoo was prej)ared to oppose any 
 aitcrqit to ] enctratc into the country under his 
 domliiion by the easiest passes; but Earl Cornwallis 
 Contrlvjd Lie np)>carance of .i nuirch towards Amboor, 
 V'h3( ' coM'jjh tely «K^ceived the Sultan; and then turning 
 t^'iiddenJy to the north, adversed the difficult pass of 
 Mu_J n, witln'it ihe enemy having power to offer the 
 lease obn)"'. iion, and arrived on the 20th of February 
 

 OR THE IlEREFOKDSHIKE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 51 
 
 on tie table-land of the Mysore country. Two days 1791. 
 afterwards the tvoo])s conmienced their march towards 
 the strong fortress of Buu'jalorc. 
 
 The following graphic description of the Fort of 
 Bangalore is extracted from Colonel Mark Wilks's 
 History of the South of India : — 
 
 " The Fort of Bangalore, entirely rebuilt of strong 
 " mucfOTiry by Hyder and his son Tippoo, is nearly of 
 " an oval form, with round towers at proper intervals, 
 " and five powerful cavaliers, a fausse-hraye, a good 
 " ditch and covered way without palisades, and some 
 " well-furnished places of arms ; but the glacis is im- 
 " perfect in several places ; no part was entirely desti- 
 ** tute of the support of reciprocal fire, but in no part 
 " was there a perfect flanking defence. There were 
 " two gateways, one named the Mysore, the other the 
 " Delhi gate ; the latter opposite the pettah, overbuilt 
 " by the projection of traverses, common to Indian 
 " forts. The pettah, or town, of great extent, to the 
 "' north of the fort, was surrounded by an indifferent 
 " rampart, and excellent ditch, with an intermediate 
 " berm, if such it may be called, of nearly a hundred 
 " yards wide, planted with impenetrable and well- 
 '' grown thorns ; and this defence was only intermitted 
 " exactly opposite the fort, where there was a slight 
 " barrier, and an esplanade of insufficient extent. The 
 " pettah had several gates, protected by a sort oi Jleche 
 " at flic end of eacli sortie outside the ditch. Neither 
 " the fort or pettah had drawbridges." 
 
 An attack on the Delhi gate of the pettah was made 
 early in the morning of the 7th of March 1791 by 
 the Thirty-sixth regiment, commanded by Captain 
 Andrew Wight, supported by the Third brigade of 
 sepoys, under Lieut.-Colonel Cockercll, and a few six- 
 pounders under Colonel Moorehouse. The zigzag ap- 
 proach to the gate was scarcely twenty feet wide ; two 
 field-pieces were opened on the gate, but that being 
 
 D 2 
 
 I 
 
r>2 niSTORICAL RECORi:) OF THE TITIRTY-8IXTIT, 
 
 1791.HUp|)ortc(I behind by a piece of masonry-work, three 
 feet hif^h and three feet tliick, the shot, penetrating 
 through the gate above, had no effect in bringing it 
 down. 
 
 All this time the troops were opposed to a destructive 
 Hhower of musketry from the turrets, on which a heavy 
 fire was kept up by the assailants, when two pieces of 
 ordnance were advanced, and their fire being directed 
 at the lower part of the gate and masonry work, shat- 
 tered it so much that, with the assistance of the troops, 
 a sufficient o])cning was made to admit one person to 
 enter, which h.uppened to be Lieutenant John Eyre of 
 the light company of the TiiiRTY-siX'i'ii regiment. 
 The soldiers coutinuing their exertions, at length |, ailed 
 down the gate, and immediately entered, Avhen the 
 enemy fled witlt precipitutlim to the fort. 
 
 Lieutenant Eyre had received a sabre blow from a 
 cavjdry soldier, which cut through his cap, wounded his 
 forehead, and knocked him down, but recovering his 
 feet immediately, he joined his company in pursuit of 
 the enemy. Shortly urterwards the enemy made a 
 great effort to retake the pettali, but being immediately 
 charged with the bayonet from street to street, were 
 driven back with considerable loss, and the British 
 were left in undisturbed possession of the town. In 
 tliis attack, Captain Jeremiah Delany, of the Thirty- 
 HIXTH, w."s killed. 
 
 The efforts of the troops were now directed to the 
 reduction of the fort, — and every preparation for the 
 api»roaching siege was carried on with diligence and 
 activity. On the 15th of March, the batteries being 
 completed, opened a fire ujjou lian<i(ihve, nnd <in the 
 IVth the lines were caiuKin.uled by the enemy, while at 
 night the camp was much disturbed by his rockets. 
 
 Forage became very scarce, and none coidd be pro- 
 cured beyond the advanced piquets. The siege, how- 
 ever, proceeded, and the enemy contiiuicd to harass the 
 
OK THE IIEUEFORDSIIIUE UEGIMENT OF FOOT. 53 
 
 British until tlie 21st of March, when the breach being 1791. 
 considered practicable, an attack was ordered. 
 
 The storming party conpistcd of the grenadiers of the 
 Thirty-sixth, Fifty-second, Seventy-first, Seventy- 
 second, Seventy-fonvtii, and Seventy-sixth regiments, 
 followed by tlieir respective light coui[)anic,s, and led 
 by Liciiteniuit James Duncan of the Seventy-first, and 
 Lieutenant John Evans of the Fifty-second, with a for- 
 lorn hope of thirty chosen men ; the whole supported by 
 the battalion companies of the Thirty-sixth, Seventy- 
 second, and Seventy-sixth, with some battalions of 
 I3cngal sei^oys. The corps of attack were commanded 
 by Lieut.-Coloncl Maxwell of the Seventy-fourth, the 
 flankers immediately by Major Skelly ; Major-Genera! 
 Medows Avas present on the occasion. 
 
 The troops proceeded on this enterprise at eleven 
 o'clock on a fine moonlight night on the 21st of INIarch, 
 and after a sharp conflict, by one o'clock in the morning 
 they became masters of the important fortress of Ban- 
 rjalore. 
 
 In the Orders Issued on the following day, it Avas 
 stated : — 
 
 " Loud Cornwalt.is feels the most sensible grati- 
 " fication in congratulating the oflicers and soldiers of 
 " the army on the honourable issue of the fatigues and 
 " dangers they have undergone during the late arduous 
 " siege. Their alacrity nn(\^rm7icss* in the execution 
 " of their various duties, has, perhaps, never been ex- 
 " ceeded, and he shall not only think it incumbent on 
 " him to represent their meritorious conduct in the 
 
 * In allusion to the above expression "^finiivcss," it has been supposed 
 that the word "Fiism" was adopted by the regiment ; this supposition, 
 l)owever, does not agree with the statenieiit of ijieut.-Colonel IJurno 
 (see pages 12!), &c.), by which it would appear, that the Tiiikty-sixth 
 had borne this distinction lor many years prior to the rapture of 
 Bangalore. In 1817, the reghnent was pemim-'; to revive the w<ir-: 
 " Fii{ji," under the authority eontaimjd in tiu' letter inserted at page '.H, 
 from yir George Naylcr, the inspector of regimental colours. 
 
 1) a 
 
.54 IITSTOnTCAL RIXOIH) OF TIIH Till UTV-HI X'l H, 
 
 1791." stronfjcst coloiir.s; but he ^liall ever rcim'iiilK'i' it, with 
 " the sincerest esteem iincl iuhniration. 
 
 " The conduct of all the regimentH which hiippcncd, 
 ** in their tour, to be on duty tliat evening, did civdit 
 " in every respect to their spirit and discipline ; luit lii» 
 " ^ wdship desires to offer the tribute of hig fxntirniar 
 " and icarmest praise to the European grenadierH and 
 " li(/ht infantry of the arm]/, and to the TlIinTV-HlXTII, 
 " Seventi/sccond, and Seventy-sixth reyimentSyvho led (ha 
 " attack and carried the fortress, and irho, by theii behu- 
 " viour on that occasion, furnished a cons/iieuoun proof 
 " that discipline and valour in soldiers, when directed by 
 " zeal and canncity in officers, are irresistible." 
 
 On the 28th of March the army (juitted nungid(»re 
 to join the forces of the Nizam, amounting to ab(»ufc 
 fifteen thousand cavalry, sent to co-opcrale with the 
 English in this war, and the junction was effcc^tcd on 
 the 13th of April. The army afterwards returned to 
 Bangalore, vherc preparations were made foi' the siego 
 of Seringapaaan; the troo[)s advanced upon the ciipitnl 
 of the Mysore on the 4th of INIay, and on the l.'Uh of 
 that month arrived at Arakerry, on the C'avery, about 
 eight miles below Seringapatam, wliich derived itn iihuk; 
 from the god Sernny, to whom one of the pagodas was 
 dedicated. The enemy was discernible in front, with 
 his right resting on the river, and his left on a high hill 
 named the Carighaut. 
 
 During the night of the 14th of May, the troops 
 marched with a view to surprise the enemy ; but owing 
 to the badness of the weather and roads, together with 
 the jaded state of the gun-bullocks, lltth; or no progrcHH 
 was made during the night; but on the following day, 
 after having undergone great fatigue, they wej'e broii'dit 
 into action, when the enemy was driven from his strong 
 position, and forced across the river into the Island upon 
 which the capital, Seringapatam, is situated, wluu'e lio 
 was protected by his batteries. In this aftlur Lleutc- 
 
OR THE IIEREFOUD8III11E REGIMENT OF FOOT. .>/) 
 
 nant John Turner wiis Mcvcrely wounded, which caused 1791. 
 his death. 
 
 Tiie army rested upon the field of battle, and waa 
 again in movement on the 18th of May, and arrived 
 on the 20th at Canarabaddy, situated on the Cavery, 
 some miles above Seringapatam. It was now ascer- 
 tained that the season was too far advanced for under- 
 taking immediately the siege of Tippoo's capital, and 
 it was determined accordingly to withdraw. The bat- 
 tering train was destroyed ; all the ammunition and 
 stores were buried which could not be removed, and 
 on the 26th of May the army marched in the direction 
 of Bangalore. 
 
 Before commencing their retreat the soldiers were 
 thanked in orders for their conduct throughout these 
 services, and it was added : — 
 
 " So long as there were any hopes of reducing 
 " Seringapatam before the commencement of the heavy 
 " rains, the Commander-in-Chief thought himself happy 
 " in availing himself of their willing services ; but the 
 " unexpected bad weather for some time experienced 
 " having rendered the attack of the enemy's capital 
 
 impracticable until the conclusion of the ensuing 
 
 monsoons. Lord Cornwallis thought he should make 
 " an ill return for the zeal and alacrity exhibited by 
 " the soldiers, if he desired them to draw the guns and 
 " stores back to a magazine, where there remains an 
 " ample supply of both, which was captured by their 
 " valour ; he did not, therefore, hesitate to order the 
 " guns, and stores which were not wanted for field 
 " service, to be destroyed." 
 
 In the course of this retreat the British were joined 
 by the Mahratta army, under Hurry Punt and Purseram 
 Bhow, consisting of about thirty-two thousand men, 
 chiefly cavalry, and thirty pieces of cannon. Of the 
 approach of this large force the British had been kept 
 in total ignorance by the active manner in which the 
 
 D 4 
 
 (( 
 
 lii 
 
 tt 
 
I' .< 
 
 56 HISTORICAL RKCORD OF Till: TllinTY-SlXTH, 
 
 nOl.conuminicationf* were intcrniptctl by Tippoo's irregular 
 trooj)?. Ciii)tain Little, liavinj? under his orders two 
 battalions of lionibay sepoys, joined with the ^lahrattii 
 army, and the f'ni)pHeH were now abundant. 
 
 The army arnve<l at Banjjjalore on the 11th of July, 
 and the eiu'iny made no attempt whatever to interruj)t 
 the march. Jiy this time the Nizam's cavalry had 
 become unfit to keep the field, and were allowed to 
 return to their own country. Puri^eram Bhow also, 
 with a large detachment of the Mahrattas, proceede<l 
 into the Sera country ; but Hurry Punt, with the re- 
 mainder, continued attached to the ]?ritish army. On 
 the 15th olMul}' the whole of the s!cl< and one-half of 
 the tund)ril.s belonging to the field-pieces were sent into 
 the fort of Hangalore, and the army moved towards 
 Oussoor, where it ariived on the 11th of the following 
 month — the fort at that place being abandoned by the 
 enemy after he had blown uj) the angles thereof. 
 
 On the 12th of August the army moved from Oiis^oor 
 and on the 23d arrived at I'ayenr. About this period 
 jNIajor Gowdie, of the Honorable Kast India Company '^ 
 service, Avas detached with some troops for the reduction 
 of the strong hill fort of Ninuh/droog, which it was found 
 required regular ap[)roaches. ^lajor Ciowdie arrived 
 before the place on the 22d of September. 
 
 Nundydroog, the cai)ital of a large and valuable 
 district, was built on the sununit of a mountain about 
 one thousand seven hundred feet in height; three-fourths 
 of its circumference were absolutely inaccessible, and the 
 only face on which it could be ascended was protected 
 by two excellent walls and an outwork which covered 
 the gateway, and afforded a formidable flank fire. The 
 foundation for a third wall had been dug, but the Sultan 
 had not been able to have ihe plan completed. 
 
 The flank companies of the Thirty-sixth and 
 Seventy-first regiments, under the eonunand of Captain 
 James llobcrtson of the latter corps, marched on the 
 
on TIIK nERKFORDSIIlIli: IIKOIMKNT OF FOOT. 57 
 
 17th of October to join the (Ictachment under Major 1791. 
 Gowdio, and, upon their urrivid, were immediately 
 placed in the last ])arallel. 
 
 General the Earl Cornwallis with a view to intimi- 
 date the <;'arrit?on, encamped with the army within four 
 miles oi' Ntmrli/droor/, on the 18th of October, and in 
 the evening of that day the ti'oops were told off for an 
 nsstnilt upon the two brcaeliej*, which had been i)ro- 
 nonnced |)racticable. The attacks conuncnced nt eleven 
 o'clock at night, the grenadier.} as!<aulting the right 
 breach and the light companies the left. The forlorn 
 hope of the right attack consisted of twenty grenadiers, 
 volunteers from the TiiiiiTV-SiXTli and Seventy-first 
 n giments. Captain Kobcrt llm'iie supported, with the 
 TiriuTV-sixTii grenudiers, the right attack, iind Captain 
 William Hnrtley, with the light company of that regi- 
 ment, the left attack; IMitjor-General Medows animated 
 th(! whole with his presence. 
 
 The assailants were soon discovered; blue lights 
 innnediately illuminated the fort, nnd a heavy fire opened 
 from the works ; this fire was fortunately ill-directed, 
 but the large stones hurled down the hill, and acquiring 
 great velocity as they bounded from the rock in their 
 descent, were extremely formidable. The storming 
 party,however,soon mounted the breaches, and pursuing 
 the enemy closely prevented his barricading the gate of 
 the inner Avail. This w\is forced open, and the troops 
 entered. Captain Robertson, seeing that the place was 
 carried, used every endeavour to prevent the lumecessary 
 effusion of blood. The flank companies which formed 
 the storming party had two men killed and twenty-eight 
 wounded, the latter principally from bruises by the 
 stones thrown from the rock. The loss during the 
 siege amounted to forty Europeans and eighty sepoys 
 and ])Ioneers, killed and wounded. At this place * 
 Lieutenant John Eyre, of the regiment, died of his 
 wounds. 
 
 
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 58 HISTORTCAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1 791. In this manner Nundijdrooij , in the conrse of three 
 weeks, was taken, a phice defended by seventeen pieces 
 of cannon, principally iron guns of large calibre ; this 
 fort was not captured by Hyder Ali from the Mahrattas 
 until after a defence which lasted three years. 
 
 After the fall of Nundydroog, the other hill fort of 
 Cumeldroog, adjacent and dependent thereon, although a 
 place of great strength, surrendered on being summoned. 
 
 Lord Cornwallis, in General Orders of the 19th of 
 October, stated, that " having been witness of the 
 " cxtraordinaiy obstacles, both of nature and art, which 
 " were opposed to the detachment of the army that 
 " attacked Nundydroog, he cannot too highly applaud 
 " the fiimness and exertions which were manifested by 
 " all ranks in carrying on the operations of the siege, 
 " or the valour and discipline which were displayed by 
 " the flank companies of His Majesty's Thirty-sixth 
 " and Seventy-first regiments." 
 
 In a few days afterwards the army retraced its route 
 to Bangalore. Saveudroog and several hill forts were 
 captured by detachments in December, but the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment remained with the main body of the 
 army. 
 
 1792. On the Slst of January 1792 the army under 
 General the Earl Cornwallis was reviewed by the 
 Poonah and Hyderabad chiefs, and on the following 
 daj' commenced its march towards Seringpntam, passing 
 by Hooleadroog, Tujilly, and Carrycode. The troops 
 came in sight of Tippoo's capital on the 5th of February, 
 and encamped at the French rocks. The enemy's horse 
 showed itself on the 4th and 5th, but attempted nothing 
 hostile. The Saltan took up a formidable position to 
 cover liis capital, and was attacked during the night of 
 the 6th of February. 
 
 The entrenched camp of Tippoo was reconnoitred on 
 the 6th of February, and at dark the army was formed 
 in three columns of attack. The right, under Major- 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 59 
 
 General Medows, consisting of the Thirty-sixth and 1792. 
 Seventy-sixth King's regiments. The centre under the 
 Commander-in-Chief, General the Earl Cornwallis, 
 consisting of the Fifty-second, Seventy-first, and Seventy- 
 fourth King's regiments. The left, under Lieutenant- 
 Colonel Maxwell, of the Seventy- fourth, was composed 
 of the Seventy-second regiment. The native troops 
 Avere divided among the three columns. 
 
 The right column, to which the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment was attached, under the command of Major- 
 General Medows, was directed to penetrate the left of 
 Tippoo's line, and turning to the left, overthrow the 
 troops of the enemy there posted, and proceed on 
 until it joined Lord Cornwallis in the centre column, and 
 receive further orders ; but the officer charged to guide 
 the column led it wrong, bringing it to the advanced 
 redoubt on the left of Tippoo's lines, known by the 
 name of the Ead-gah redoubt, — which was mounted by 
 eight pieces of cannon, and was defended with great 
 bravery. The grenadiers of the Thirty-sixth rushed 
 steadily forward to escalade the work, with the oflScer 
 of engineers in charge of the scaling ladders, but a heavy 
 fire of grape shot and musketry killed most of the men 
 in charge of the ladders, which, being consequently 
 lost, it appeared impossible to enter the redoubt. 
 
 The work near the gorge had not been quite finished; 
 the troops again rushed forward, but the enemy's fire 
 was so destructive as to sweep all opposed to it ; a 
 momentary pause ensued, and at this crisis Captain 
 Andrew Wightj who commanded the Thirty-sixth 
 regiment. Brevet Lient.-Colonel the Honoui-able John 
 Knox having charge of a brigade, observing a narrow 
 pathway leading to the rampart, ordered his corps to 
 follow him, when the soldiers resumed the attack with 
 increased animation, and advancing with the bayonet 
 carried the work ; only a fev/ of the defenders escaped 
 instant death, and that by leaping from the embrasure 
 
 II 
 
 fc : 
 
 II 
 
I 
 
 60 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1792. into the ditch, which, from its height, must have proved 
 equally fatal to them. The loss of the enemy at the 
 Ead-gah redoubt was more considerable than at any 
 other post of his lines. 
 
 'J'he loss in private men fell chiefly on the Thirty- 
 sixth, that regiment and the flank companies of the 
 Sevcnty-^jixth being the troops Avhich formed the front 
 division of the colunm. The grenadiers of the Thirty- 
 sixth, who led, in advancing to the redoubt, had 
 twenty men killed and wounded.* 
 
 After leaving a sufficient force in this strongwork, 
 including four companies of the Thirty-sixth, under 
 Ca})tain John Austin, who had commanded the leading 
 company of the column, the troops under Major-General 
 Medows moved to the left, intending to fall on the 
 enemy's left wing, instead of which they came in view 
 of another redoubt of equal strength and magnitude 
 with the former, which it was deemed imprudent to 
 attack. The column then recros.sed the bound-hedge, 
 moved to the left of the British army, which it did 
 not find until daybreak, when the action was over. 
 
 Lord Cornwallis, on joining Major-General Medows 
 at the Pagoda hill, on the morning of the 7th of 
 February, detached the remaining six companies of the 
 Thirty-sixth regiment and the third battalion of 
 Bengal ecpoys towards the Sultan's redoubt ; but they 
 were afterwards ordered to proceed to the island, where 
 the enemy had commenced an attack on the troops, 
 which was gallantly repidsecl. 
 
 The foregoing details show what an active part the 
 Thirty-sixth sustained in these operations, and testify 
 the share which the regiment deserved of the following 
 general commendation bestowed by the Earl Corn- 
 wallis in his orders issued on the evenino* of the 7th of 
 February. 
 
 * Narrative of the Campaign in India in 1792, by lilajor Dironi, 
 Deputy Adjutant General of His Majesty's forces in India. 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 61 
 
 " The conduct and valour of the officers and soldiers 1792. 
 " of this army have often merited Lord Cornwallis's 
 " encomiums ; but the zeal and gallantry which were 
 *' 80 successfully displayed last night in the attack of 
 " the enemy's whole army, in a position that had cost 
 *' him so much time and labour to fortify, can never be 
 " sufficiently praised ; and his satisfaction on an occa- 
 " sion, which promises to be attended with the most 
 " substantial advantages, has been greatly heightened 
 " by learning from the commanding officers of divi- 
 " sions, that this meritorious behaviour was universal 
 " through all ranks, to a degree that has rarely been 
 *' cii[ualled. 
 
 " Lord Cornwallls, therefore, requests that the army 
 " in general will accept of his most cordial thanks for 
 
 the noble and gallant manner in which they have 
 " executed the plan of the attack. It covers themselves 
 " A'dth honour, and will ever command his warmest 
 " sentiments of admiration." 
 
 In the assault of Tippoo Sultan's fortified camp and 
 island of Scringapatam on the 6 th and 7 th of February 
 1792, the total loss of the right division, under Major- 
 General Mcdows, including officers, amounted to twenty- 
 seven killed and sixty-five wounded. Lieutenant 
 Alexander David llobertson,, of the Seventy-third, 
 doing duty with the Thirty-sixth, from which he had 
 been promoted, and Ensign Pooley Smith, of tlie 
 Thirty-sixth, were killed. Lieutenants Thomas 
 TJrownrigg, Robert Campbell, and John Campbell,* of 
 the Thirty-sixth, were wounded. 
 
 (( 
 
 II 
 
 * While the attack was being carried on in the redoubt on the Cth of 
 February, one of the enemy's corps advanced with drums beating and 
 colours flying, the coi-.inuinding officer of which supposed the British to 
 bo their own Europeans, whose uniform was also red ; upon discovering 
 his mistake, he soon made off, and Lieutenant John Campbell, of the 
 TniitTV-sixru grenadiers, who had come out of the redoubt Mounded, 
 on seeing the corps break, rushed forward and seized the standards.— 
 Mrjor JJirom's Narrative of the Campaitjn, 
 
 iC! 
 
Y' 
 
 fvi ■■ 
 
 62 HISTORICAL RECORD Ol THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1792. The enemy's loss was very severe, being estimated 
 at 20,000 fiors de combat Eighty pieces of cannon were 
 taken by the British. 
 
 On the 9th of February the army took up its final 
 position for the siege of Serinffapatam, and on the 15th 
 Major-Gcneral Robert Abercromby joined with the 
 Bombay force, consisting of the Seventy-third, Seventy- 
 fifth, and Seventy-seventh regiments, beside native 
 troops, making a total of about six thousand men. 
 
 Preparations were now made for the siege of Seringa- 
 patam, and the approaches were carried on with the 
 greatest activity until the 24th of February, when the 
 general orders announced that the preliminary articles 
 of peace had been signed, and in consequence all hostile 
 measures inunediately ceased. 
 
 On the 26th of February the two sons of Tippoo 
 Saib, Abdel Kalek and Mooza-ud-Deen, the foraier 
 ten years of age, and the latter eight, were brought to 
 the British camp, as hostages for the due performance 
 of the preliminary articles.* 
 
 In consequence of some obstacles which had been 
 opposed by Tippoo to the arrangement of the definitive 
 Treaty, Avorking parties were ordered, and the guns 
 I'eplaced in the batteries on the 10th of March. This 
 state of suspicion and preparation lasted until the 15th 
 of ]March, when it was discontinued, and on the 18th of 
 that month, the definitive Treaty being duly executed 
 and signed, was delivered by the young Abdel Kalek 
 to each of the confederates. On the 20th the counter- 
 part was sent off" to Tippoo Saib. 
 
 * In 1794, Tippoo received back his sons, and immediately commenced 
 secret negociations with the French, who were then at war with Great 
 Britain, in order to renew measures for " utterly destroying the English 
 " in India." This animosity ended only with the death of the Sultan, 
 which took place on the 4th of May 1799, while defending Seringapatam 
 against his former op^jonents. His body was found amidst heaps of 
 slain, and was interred in the mausoleum which he had erected over the 
 tomb of his futlKT, Ilyder All, a portion of the victorious troops attend- 
 ing the ceremony. 
 
OB THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 63 
 
 Thu8 terminated a war in which the confederates 1792. 
 wrested from the enemy seventy fortresses, eight 
 hundred pieces of cannon, and destroyed or dispersed 
 at least fifty thousand men. By the articles of the 
 Treaty Tippoo was hound to pay a large sum of money 
 and to cede one half of his dominions. 
 
 The Governor-General and Commander-hi- Chief in 
 India granted from this money a sum equal to six 
 months' batta for all ranks, and the Court of Direc- 
 tors afterwards made a similar grant. 
 
 On the 26th of March the exchange of the definitive 
 t'Caty being completed, the Britisli commenced moving 
 towards Bangalore, from whence they proceeded to the 
 Pednaigdurgum Pass, where the Bengal troops were 
 ordered to their own Presidency. 
 
 The French revolution, which had commenced a few 1793. 
 years previously, had at this period assumed a character 
 which called forth the efforts of other countries to arrest 
 the progress of its destructive principles ; and, on the 
 1st of February 1793, shortly after the decapitation of 
 Louis XVI., war was declared by the xN^ational Conven- 
 tion of France against Great Britain and Holland. 
 
 News of this event arrived in India in May 1793; 
 in June the Thirty-sixth regiment was ordered to 
 prepare to take the field ; it marched soon afterwards 
 against the French settlement of Pondiclierry , on the 
 Coromandel coast ; the troops employed on this service 
 were commanded by Colonel John Brathwaite. 
 
 The siege of Pondicherry was commenced in the 
 early part of August, the army encamping in a thick 
 wood where tigers were so numerous that the natives 
 durst not travel in the night. On the 2 2d of August 
 a white flag was displayed by the garrisjon, with a 
 request to be allowed to surrender. The French sol- 
 diers in the fortress had embraced democratical principles, 
 and Avere particularly insubordinate ; they insisted that 
 the Governor should surrender; but after the white 
 
r i 
 
 64 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1793. flag was displayed, they fired two shells, which killed 
 several men. During the night they were guilty of 
 every species of outrage : breaking into houses, and 
 becoming intoxicated. On the following morning a 
 number of them environed the house of the Governor 
 General Charmont, and threatened to hang him before 
 the door, when application was made to the British for 
 protection. The English soldiers rushed into the town, 
 ovcri)owered the insurgents, rescued the Governor, and 
 preserved the inhabitants from further violence. After 
 this service the regiment returned to Madras.* 
 
 1794. During the year 1791 the Thirty-sixth regiment 
 was stationed at Trichiuopoly. 
 
 1795. In 1795 the regiment proceeded to Negapatam. 
 
 1796. During the years 1796 and 1797 the regiment was 
 stationed at Warriore, near Trichlnopoly. 
 
 1798. In the beginning of 1798 the regiment was stationed 
 at Pondicherry, and subsequently at Wallahabad. The 
 men fit for f'rvice were afterwards drafted into the 
 Scventy-ft . and Seventy-sixth regiments, and the 
 remainder c^ the TiiniTY-siXTii embarked at Madras 
 for Europe on the 15tli of October 1798. Previously to 
 tlie regiment returning to England, orders were issued 
 by the Governor in Council, and by the Connnander- 
 in-Cliief of ^ladras, dated 24th of September and 14th 
 of October 179^, which are highly complimentary of 
 the regiment, and arc inserted at p:ige 121 of the 
 Appendix. The want of convoy caused the fleet of 
 Indlamen to be detained three months at St. Helena, 
 and the regiment did not arrive in England until the 
 
 1799.26th of July 1799, when it landed at Greenhithe ;— 
 it subsequently proceeded to Cirencester, and thence 
 
 i 
 
 * On the 16th of Octoher 1835, His Majesty King William IV. was 
 gi'aciously pleased to authorize the Tiiirty-hixth to bear on the regi- 
 nicntjil colour and appointments the word " Hindoostan," in commemo- 
 ration of its distinguished services in the several actions in which it had 
 been engaged in India from September 1790 to September 1793. 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 66 
 
 to Winchester, where the corps was completed to its 1799. 
 establishment by volunteers from the militia. 
 
 The TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment embarked at Ports- 1800. 
 mouth, in January 1800, for Ireland, and disembarked 
 at Tarbert and Cork ; it afterwards proceeded to Fer- 
 moy, Clonmcl, and thence to Cork, where the reghnent 
 embarked with an expedition under Brigadier-General 
 the Honorable Sir Thomas Maitland, and landed in 
 the beginning of June at the Isle de liouat, on the 
 coa...; of France ; on the 4th of June the light company 
 of the TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment landed at Quiberon, and 
 destroyed some batteries, after which it re-embarked for 
 the Mediterranean, and the regiment arrived at Minorca 
 in July, which island had surrendered to Great Britain 
 in November 1798. 
 
 During the year 1801 the regiment was stationed at 1801. 
 Minorca. 
 
 On the 27th of March 1802 a treaty of peace was 1802. 
 signed at Amiens between the French Republic, Spain, 
 and the Batavian Republic on the one part, and Great 
 Britain on the other; by this treaty the Island of 
 Minorca was restored to Spain. 
 
 In August 1802 the Thirty-sixth regiment re- 
 turned to Cork from Minorca, marched to Galway, 
 and occupied the barracks at that place. 
 
 The conduct of Napoleon Bonaparte had occasioned 1803, 
 hostilities to be renewed in May 1803, when the 
 British army was augmented, and preparations were 
 made to repel a threatened invasion by the French. 
 The " Armi/ of Reserve Act" was passed in June 1803 
 for raising men for home service by ballot ; and nume- 
 rous volunteer and yeomanry corps were formed in 
 every part of the Kingdom. 
 
 Tlie regiment was suddenly ordered to proceed by 
 forced marches from Galway to Dublin in July 1 803, 
 where a serious riot had occurred on the 23d of that 
 month, wiicn Lord Chief Justice Kilwarden, and his 
 
66 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 ?t« 
 
 1803. nephew the Bev. Bichard Wolfe, were attacked in his 
 carriage, and murdered by the rioters. 
 
 1804. On the 18th of May 1804 Napoleon was invested 
 with the dignity of Emperor of the French ; and on 
 the 26th of May of the following year he was crowned 
 King of Italy, at Milan. 
 
 Further measures of defence were adopted by Great 
 Britain, and the "Additional Force Act" was passed 
 on the 29th of June 1804, by which a second battalion 
 was added to the Thirty-sixth regiment, to be formed 
 of men raised in the county of Durham for limited 
 service ; the second battalion was placed on the esta- 
 blishment of the army from the 25th of December 
 following. 
 
 On the 12th of December 1804 the Court of Spain 
 isiiued a declaration of war against England, in conse- 
 quence of the capture of some frigates oflF Cadiz, which 
 had been intercepted on their way to France with 
 cargoes of treasure for the use of Napoleon, Spain 
 haviug agreed to furnish a powerful aid to that ruler. 
 
 During the year 1804 the first battalion of the regi- 
 ment continued in garrison at Dublin. 
 
 1805. On the 3d of August 1805 the first battalion of the 
 regiment inarched from Dublin, having been selected 
 to form part of the anny under Lieut.-General Lord 
 Cathcart; it encamped on the Curragh of Kildare 
 until the 20th of September, marched from thence to 
 Bandon, and occupied the barracks there; on the 
 29th of October the battalion embarked at Cork for 
 Germany. 
 
 The second battalion remained in Great Britain 
 during 1805, and three following years. 
 
 1806. The first battalion of the Thirty-sixth regiment 
 arrived in Gennany on the 1st of January 1806, and 
 occupied cantonments in Bramstead and Bokell until 
 February, when it again marched and embarked for 
 Great Britain, the British troops having been recalled 
 
 
OR THE HEUEFORDSHIBE REGIMENT OP FOOT. 67 
 
 tarn 
 
 
 to England in conscquonco of the events which followed 1806. 
 Napoleon's victory over the Buseians and Austrians at 
 Austcrlitz in December of the preceding year; — the 
 battalion landed at Ram^gate early in March. 
 
 In the autumn of 1806 the first battalion was 
 directed to proceed to Portsmouth for the purpose of 
 joining the expedition under Brigadier-General Bobert 
 Craufurd, about to be employed on secret service ; and 
 the battalion embarked at Portsmouth on the 22d of 
 September. 
 
 The expedition, which consisted of the first battalions 
 of the Fifth, Thirty-sixth, Forty-fifth, and Eighty- 
 eighth regiments, five companies of the Bifle corps, 
 two squadrons of the Sixth dragoon guards, and two 
 companies of Boyal Artillery, did not sail from Fal- 
 mouth until the 12th of November 1806; and after 
 remaining at St. Jago, in the Cape de Verde Islands, 
 from the 14th of December 1806 to the 11th of Janu- 
 ary 1807, arrived in Table Bay, Capo of Good Hope, 1807. 
 on the 22d of March following. Here the troops were 
 landed for refreshment and exercise under Brigadier- 
 General Craufurd. From the Cape the expedition 
 sailed again on the 6th of April ; reached St. Helena 
 on the 21st of April, where the stock of water and 
 provisions was completed ; and, quitting that island on 
 the 26th, arrived on the 14th of June at Monte Video, 
 then occupied by the British troops under Lieut.- 
 General John Whitelocke, who had arrived there in 
 the preceding May, and had assumed the command of 
 the whole British force in South America.* - 
 
 * In June 180G, Buenos Ayres had been captured by the British under 
 Brigadier-General William Carr Beresford, afterwards General Viscount 
 Beresford ; the place was, however, recovered by the Spaniards in 
 August following, and the troops became prisoners ; in consequence of 
 these events Lieut.-General Whitelocke proceeded in command of an 
 expedition for the purpose of re-capturing Buenos Ayres, and the Tiiiutt- 
 sixTii became part of liis force, as above stated. 
 
 E 2 
 
(18 IIIHTORICAL RECORD OF THE TIIIUTY-SIXTIl, 
 
 1807. Oreiit propnrntionH were inn<lo to effect n landing of 
 the troopH, wliich took pliico on the 28t)i of Jtino at 
 Entenada da liarnyon, about thirty-two miles distant 
 from l^icnos Ayres, without firing a sliot. Tlio first 
 bnttttlions of the TiiiUTY-siXTii and Eighty-eighth 
 rogimentH were brigaded together imder the orders 
 of IJrigadier-dcneral the 1 lonourable William Lumley. 
 On the 29th the troo))8 moved forward ; the light 
 brigade, composed of the llifle coqis and nine light 
 infantry companies, formed the advance, which was 
 Hupp(»rtcd by IJrigadicr-General Lumloy's brigade, and 
 foUowed by the other corps in wucceseion. On the 
 lp*t of »Tuly the army was concentrated near the village 
 of llcduction, about seven miles from Buenos Ayres, 
 from whence it again advanced on the following day, 
 crossed the Chuelo, a rivulet, by a ford called the 
 Chico, and traversed the low groimd on the opposite 
 bank, at the extremity of which is situated the City of 
 Buenos Ayres. 
 
 The light company was at the attack and carrying 
 of the enemy's advance field-work on the 2d of July ; 
 on the 5th of that month the right wing of the Tiiirty- 
 siXTir, connnandcd by Lieut.-Colonel Robert Burne, 
 and the left wing hy Captain William Cross, stormed 
 and established themselves in Buenos Ayres. Upon 
 this severe service Captains Alexander, Williamson, 
 and Henry Cole Johnson, with Lieutenant Kobert 
 Whittcll, two Serjeants, one drummer, and forty-one 
 rank and file, were killed ; Captains William Wright 
 Swain and Henry Vernon, Lieutenants William 
 Wingfield, William Cotton, John Clialoner, and John 
 White, seven Serjeants, and thirty-six rank and file, 
 were wounded. 
 
 Notwithstanding the intrepidity displayed by the 
 advancing troops, upon whom a destructive fire was 
 poured from the tops of houses and every other advan- 
 tageous position, the enterprise failed. On the following 
 
 f\ 
 
OR THE IlEREFORDmnue REGlMEy ■' FOOT. 69 
 
 1mm 
 lohn 
 Ifilc, 
 
 the 
 [was 
 
 i^an- 
 Iving 
 
 morning the Governor-General Liniera Heiit n letter 1807. 
 to Lieut.-General Whitehu-ke, ottering to restore the 
 prinoners taken in tiiiH action, and also tho^e mado 
 with IJrigadier-General Bere«ford, on condition that 
 the whole of the Hritish forces should be withdrawn 
 from South America, which proposals were accepted. 
 The Lieut-General's conduct aubseciuently became 
 the Hubject of incpiiry by a Court-martial, and he waa 
 cawhiercd. 
 
 The firnt battalion of the regiment ro-embarked at 
 Buenos Ayres, and deaccuded the River Plato to 
 JMunte- Videoy whence it eml)arkcd on the 9th of Sep- 
 tember for Europe, and arrived at Cork on the 17tli of 
 December following. 
 
 The battalion occupied the barracks at Cork until 1808. 
 February 1808, when it proceeded toFermoy, where it 
 remained until the 5th of July, when it marched to 
 Cork for embarkation, having been selected to form 
 jiart of a force, under the command of Lieut. -General 
 the Honorable Sir Arthur Wcllcsley, destined to pro- 
 ceed to the Peninsula to aid the Spanish and Portu- 
 guese patriots in their eft'orts against Napoleon, who 
 had placed his brother Joseph on the throne of Spain, 
 and was endeavouring to reduce the Peninsula under 
 his domination. 
 
 In May 1808 the second battalion proceeded to 
 Jersey, but returned to England in July following. 
 
 On the 9th of July the first battalion embarked at 
 Cork, and landed at Figuicra, in Portugal, on the 1st of 
 August. The battalion under the command of Brevet 
 Colonel Robert Burne, advanced with the troops under 
 Lieut.-Gcneral the Honorable Sir Arthur Wellesley 
 towards Lisbon. The division, consisting of about 
 four thousand men, under Major-General Sir Brjut 
 Spencer, K.B., having joined the army from Cadiz, a 
 change was made in the arrangeuient of the brigades, 
 and the first battalions of the TiiiRTr-siXTii, Fortieth, 
 
 E 3 
 
'1 
 
 f 
 
 70 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1808. and Seventy-first regiments were placed in that com- 
 manded by Major-General Eonald Craufurd Ferguson. 
 After a short halt the army was again put in motion to 
 occupy a more forward position, where it remained for 
 some days. On the 17th of August the enemy, com- 
 manded by General Laborde, was encountered near 
 Roleia. The first battalion under the command of 
 Colonel Robert Bume shared in this action. Captain 
 William Cross being detached in charge of three copa- 
 panies. The position was attacked and carried, with 
 great loss to the French, who retreated on Torres 
 Vedras. 
 
 The Thirty-sixth subsequently received the Royal 
 Authority to bear the word " Roleia " on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments, in commemoration of 
 this victory. 
 
 Lifcut.-General the Honorable Sir Arthur Wellesley, 
 after this battle, did not pursue the enemy by the high 
 roads, but keeping to the right near the sea marched to 
 Vimiera, to cover the landing of a brigade commanded 
 by Major-General Anstruther, which was effected on 
 the 20th of August. 
 
 The morning of the 2l8t of August was given up to 
 the troops in order to prepare and repose themselves. 
 The men were engaged in washing and cleaning their 
 equipmentb when the approach of the enemy, moving 
 to the left, was discovered at eight o'clock in the 
 morning; and the brigades commanded by Major- 
 (i* jeral Ferguson, Brigadier-Generals Nightingall, 
 -ii<;land, and Bowes, were consequently moved across 
 I "illey from the heights on the west to those on the 
 east of Vimiera. 
 
 Marshal Junot, Duke of Abrantes, moved his army 
 to the attack of the position, and commenced it on 
 the British centre, where the Fiftieth regiment was 
 posted, moving along the front gradually to the left, 
 until the whole line became engaged. 
 
[XTH, 
 
 bat com- 
 'erguson. 
 lotion to 
 lined for 
 ay, com- 
 •ed near 
 mand of 
 Captain 
 fee copi- 
 3d, with 
 Torres 
 
 le Royal 
 he regi- 
 ation of 
 
 ellesley, 
 he high 
 •ched to 
 manded 
 cted on 
 
 n up to 
 Qselves. 
 g their 
 moving 
 
 in the 
 Major- 
 tingall, 
 
 across 
 on the 
 
 s army- 
 it on 
 Qt was 
 le left, 
 
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 i^^.J 
 
OR THE TlEREFOllDSIIIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 71 
 
 The TiiiRTY-siXTir liad tlie ";ooil fortune to take a 1808. 
 
 
 v3 
 
 5: 
 
 i! t^' 
 
 
 distinguished share in the battle of Vii 
 
 the 21st 
 
 imiera 
 
 of August ; and the gallantry of the battalion was par- 
 ticularly noticed by Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir 
 Arthur Wellesley in the General Orders of that day. 
 
 The battalion had nine rank and file killed ; Captain 
 Paul Minchin Hobart ; Lieutenants H. S. Hart, 
 Thomas Wright, and Walter Ewart ; Ensign Peter 
 Joseph Bone ; Lieutenant and Adjutant John Povah, 
 and twenty-three rank and file, were wounded. 
 
 The conduct of the battalion and of its commanding 
 officer. Colonel Burne, was thus specially noticed by 
 Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Arthur Wellesley in 
 his despatch of the 21st of August ; — 
 
 " In mentioning Colonel Burne, and the Thirty- 
 " sixth regiment, to you upon this occasion, I cannot 
 " avoid to add that the regular and orderly conduct of 
 " this corps throughout this service, and their gallantry 
 " and discipline in action have been conspicuous?." 
 
 In a letter dated 22d of August 1808 (inserted in 
 the Appendix, page 122), addressed to Viscount Castle- 
 reagh, Secretary of State, Lieut.-General the Honor- 
 able Sir Arthur Wellesley bore further testimony to the 
 merits of Colonel Burne, and stated, that " the Thirty- 
 " sixth regiment is an example to the army^'' 
 
 The thanks of both Houses of Parliament were con- 
 ferred on the troops, and the Thirty-sixth subse- 
 quently received the Royal Authority to bear the word 
 " ViMiERA " on the regimental colour and appointments 
 in commemoration of this battle.* 
 
 The " Convention of Cintra " was the result of this 
 
 * Lieut-General Sir Harry Burrard landed dixring the action, but did 
 not assume the command. Lieut.-General Sir Hew Dalrymple landed 
 on the following day, and took command of the army. The force under 
 Lieut-General Sir John Moore was also disembarked during the nego- 
 tiation which subsequently took place, making the British army to 
 amount to thirty-two thousand men. 
 
 E 4 
 
tf ■ 
 
 1 1 
 
 h i- 
 
 72 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1808. victory, and it was signed on the 30th of August; 
 by its provisions the French army evacuated Portugal, 
 which country became freed from its oppressors. 
 
 The British army was ordered to move forward to 
 Lisbon, some of the reinforcements for it having pro- 
 ceeded by water, and occupied the forts at the mouth 
 of the Tagus. The French army liaving by this con- 
 vention fallen back on Lisbon, the British proceeded 
 to the vicinity of Fort St. Julien, and encamped. 
 
 All the objects of the expedition being carried into 
 effect, and the French troops embarked for France, the 
 British anny remained for some time at Lisbon nnd 
 its vicinity. At this period (September) Lieut.-General 
 Sir John Moore, having assumed the command, made 
 dispositions for entering Spain. 
 
 The first battalions of the Thirty-sixth, Seventy- 
 first, and Ninety-second regiments were brigaded under 
 Brigadier- General Catlin Craufurd, and placed in the 
 division under the command of Lieut.-General the 
 Honorable John Hope, afterwards the Earl of IIopc- 
 toun» On the 27th of October the division was put in 
 motion, and after a short stay at Badajoz resumed the 
 march to Talavera-de-la-Reyna. From this town the 
 column proceeded to the Escurial, seven leagues to the 
 north-west of Madrid, where it arrived and halted on 
 the 22d (if November. 
 
 Intelligence was here received of the enemy's ap- 
 proach towards Madrid; the division was in consequence 
 put in motion across the Guadarama mountains on the 
 27th of November towards Villa Cnstin, at wliich place 
 Lieut.-General the Hcmorable John Hope, in conse- 
 quence of the information lie received of the enemy's 
 movements, made a night march to the left, by Avila 
 and Peneranda, and finally proceeded to Alba-de- 
 Tormes, where a junction was formed witli a detachment 
 from the army under Lieut.-General Sir John Moore, 
 then at Salamanca. The army under Sir John Moore 
 
OR THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 73 
 
 was shortly afterwards put in motion towards Valladolid, 1808. 
 and subsequently to the left, to effect a junction with 
 Lieut.-General Sir David Baird's division, which had 
 landed at Corunna. 
 
 Previously to tliis period, the Spanish armies inidcr 
 General Blake, near Bilboa on the left. General Castanos 
 in the centre, and General Palafox lower down the 
 Ebro on the riffht, had been completely defeated ; 
 Lieut.-General Sir John Moore consequently made 
 arrangements for a retreat on Portugal by Ciudad 
 llodrigo, but it having been represented to him that 
 Madrid held out against the French, he was induced to 
 form a junction with Lieut.-General Sir David Baird, 
 in orde" to make a diversion in favour of Madrid, by 
 attacking Marshal Soult on the river Carion. 
 
 The British force, twenty-nine thousand strong, 
 joined at Toro on the 21st of December, and on the 
 23d of that month Sir Jolui jNloore advanced with the 
 whole army. The cavalry had already met with that 
 of the enemy, and the infantry were within tAVO hours, 
 march of him, when an intercepted letter informed the 
 British conmiander that Napoleon, who had entered 
 Madrid on the 4th of December, was then in full march 
 for Salamanca and Bcncventc. A retreat on Corunna, 
 through Gallicia, was immediately decided on, that 
 through Portugal being then impracticable. 
 
 Accordingly the several divisions mai'ched towards 
 the Esla, the greater part crossing by the bridge of 
 Benevente on the 26th of December, when, after a 
 day's halt, the cavalry, under Lieut.-General Lord 
 Pajict and Brin;adier-Gencral the Honorable Charles 
 Stewart, had an engagement with some of the Imperial 
 guards that had forded the river Eshi under General 
 Lerevre,who was made prisoner with several of his men. 
 
 At this period the situation of the British army was 
 dispiriting in the extreme. In the midst of winter, in 
 a dreary and desolate country, the soldiers chilled and 
 
'1i 
 
 
 74 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1808. drenched with the licavy rains, and wearied by long 
 and rapid marches, were ahnost destitute of fuel to cook 
 their victuals, and it was with extreme difficulty that 
 they could procure shelter. Provisions were scarce, 
 irregularly issued, and difficult of attainment. The 
 waggons, in which were their magazines, baggage, and 
 stores, were often deserted in the night by the Spanish 
 drivers, who were terrified by the approach of the 
 French. Thus baggage, ammunition, stores, and even 
 money were destroyed to prevent them falling into the 
 hands of the enemy ; and the weak, the sick, and the 
 wounded were necessarily left behind. 
 
 1809. On the 5th of January 1809, the troops took up a 
 position at Lugo, where they remained bivouacked in 
 order of battle until the 9th of that month, when they 
 marched in the night, and arrived at Corunna on the 
 11th of January. The British anny, having accom- 
 plished one of the most celebrated retreats recorded in 
 modern history, repulsing the pursuing enemy in all his 
 attacks, and having traversed two hundred and fifty 
 miles of mountainous country under very disheartening 
 circumstances, accompanied by severe privation, was 
 not destined to embark for England without a battle. 
 
 Marshal Soult, Duke of Dalmatia, having taken up 
 a position above the town of Corunna, made arrange- 
 ments for attacking the British army as soor as the 
 troops shoiihl commence their embarkjition. Tue sick 
 men, the women, and baggage having been conveyed 
 on board ship, preparations were made for embarking 
 the troops on the 16th of January 1809. The French 
 instantly descended from the heights, and advanced, 
 about two o'clock, to attack the British position in front 
 of Corunna; a sanguinary action ensued, and before 
 dark the French were defeated in all their attacks. 
 Lieut. -General Sir John Moore was killed, and the 
 battle was scarcely ended, when, wrapped in a military 
 cloak, his remains were interred in the citadel of Co- 
 
OR THE HERErORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 75 
 
 runna, over which Marshal Soult, with the chivah-ou8l809. 
 feeling of a true soldier, erected a monument. 
 
 This victory enabled the British troops to be cm- 
 barked without further molestation. In this battle the 
 first battalion of the Thirty-sixth was posted on the 
 left of the British line. 
 
 During the retreat to Corunna, and its services there, 
 the battalion had Lieutenant John "White wounded, and 
 one Serjeant and two rank and file killed ; one scrjeant, 
 three drummers, and one hundred and fifty-three rank 
 and file, were taken prisoners. 
 
 In commemoration of this battle, and of the conduct 
 of the battalion during the expedition, the Tiiiuty- 
 SIXTH, in common with the army employed under 
 Lieut.-General Sir John Moore, received the Royal 
 authority to bear the word " Corunna " on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments.* 
 
 The army also received the thanks of both Houses 
 of Parliament " for its distinguished discipline, firmness, 
 and valour in the battle of Corunna." 
 
 On the 17 th of January the battalion embarked at 
 Corunna for England ; portions landed at Plymouth, 
 Portsmouth, and Deal, but the several divisions were 
 assembled at Battle, in Sui5sex, during the month of 
 February. ^ 
 
 Immense preparations had been made by the British 
 Government to fit out the most formidable armament 
 that had for a long time proceeded from England. The 
 troops amounted to forty thousand men, commanded 
 by L1eut.-General the Earl of Chatham ; the naval por- 
 tion consisted of thirty-nine ships of the line, thirty-six 
 frigates, and numerous gun -boats and bomb-vessels, and 
 other small craft, under Admiral Sir Richard Strachan. 
 The object of the expedition was to obtain possession 
 
 * Vide General Orders of the 18th of January, and 1st of February, 
 1809 ; also a list of regiments employed under Lieut.-General Sir John 
 Moore at Corunna, inserted in pages 124 &c. of the Appendix. 
 
76 HISTORICAL KECOIID OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 
 V I 
 
 1809. of the isliinds at the mouth of the Scheldt, nnd to dc- 
 t*troy the French ships in that river, with the docks 
 and arsenals at Antwerp. Tiie first battalion of the 
 Thiuty-bixtii regiment received orders to prepare 
 itfjelf for this service, and on the 16th of July em- 
 barked at Portsmouth for Wakheren, under the com- 
 mand of Colonel Burne. The expedition sailed from 
 the Downs on the 28th of July, and on the morning 
 of the 1st of August the Thikty-sixtii and other coqis 
 were landed, and on the same day the troops advanced 
 to the investment of Flushhiff, which operation Avas 
 warmly contested by the enemy. 
 
 By the 13th of August, the preparations for the 
 attack on the town were completed, and on the 
 night of the 14th one of the enemy's batteiies, ad- 
 vanced upon the sea dyke in front of Licut.-General 
 Alexander Mackenzie Eraser's position, was most 
 galliintly carried at the point of the bayonet by de- 
 tachments from the Thirty-sixth, Seventy-first, and 
 the light battalions of the King's German legion, 
 under Lieut.-Colonel Denis Pack, of the Seventy-first, 
 although opposed to great superiority of numbers ; the 
 troojjs took forty prisoners, and killed and wounded a 
 great many of the enemy. Flusliiufj capitulated on 
 the 15th of August; the garrison Ijccoming prisoners 
 of war. 
 
 From the 8th to the 15th of August the Thirty- 
 sixth had three rank and file killed ; JNIajor Alexander 
 Mackenzie was dangerously wounded; two Serjeants 
 and seven rank and file were wounded. 
 
 An epidemic disease of a fatal character broke out 
 among the troops, juid the following officers and men 
 of the TiiiuTY-siXTFi regiment died of fever: — Cap- 
 tains Waddle, C. Douglas, and Alexander Barbor, 
 Lieutenant McDcrmott, Assistant-Surgeon James 
 !McFarl:me, fourteen serjeants, two drummers, and 
 two hundred rank and file. 
 
 / 
 
on THE IIEREPORDSTIIRE REGIMENT OP FOOT. 77 
 
 On the 10th of December 1809 the firqt battalion 1809. 
 embarked for England, and arrived at Woolwich on 
 the 22d of that month ; it subsequentl)- returned to 
 Battle in Sussex. 
 
 During the year 1810 the first battalion was sta-1810. 
 tioned at Battle. 
 
 The second battalion was moved from Worcester to 
 Kidderminster in the spring, and in the sunnncr to 
 Cirencester, and subsequently to Horsham. 
 
 The first battalion occupied the barracks at Battle 1*^11. 
 until January 1811, on the 28th of which month it 
 embarked at Portsmouth under the command of Licut.- 
 Colonel the Honorable Basil Cochrane on board 1 1 is 
 Majesty's ship ** Victory," and landed at Lisbon on 
 the 5th of March. The battalion immediately joined 
 in the pursuit of Marshal Massena from Santarem, 
 and was in positi(m at the expulsion of the enemy from 
 Guarda on the 29th of March. 
 
 The battalion was next employed in the blockade of 
 Almeida, and Marshal Massena, having concentrated 
 his forces, crossed the Agneda on the 2d of May for 
 the purpose of relieving the place. This movement 
 led to the actions at Fucntes iVOnor on the 3d and 5th 
 of May. In the battle of the 5th the battalion was 
 in position, but was not actively engaged. The French 
 were defeated, after a prolonged contest, and Marshal 
 Massena left Almeida to its fate. The place v/as evacu- 
 ated by General Brennier at midnight of the 10th of 
 May, when the enemy blew up tlie works, and the 
 greater part of the garrison succeeded in etfocting its 
 ..escape during tiic night. 
 
 On the 11th of May, when the garrison oi Almeida 
 effected its escape through the corps on duty, Lieut.- 
 Coloncl the Honorable liasil Cochrane, with about 
 half of the first battalion of the TjiiiiTY-sixTir regi- 
 ment, had the good fortune to come up with the French 
 at the bridge of Barba del Puerco ; and, in conjunction 
 
 ..'ill! 
 
 m 
 
78 IIISTOltlCAL llECOttU OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 18 11. with tlie (Jrcimdier company of the Fourth foot under 
 Captain Thomas Burke, caused them considerable loss. 
 Many were killed and wounded, and three hundred 
 were taken prirtoners:*, but the rest escaped. 
 
 The remainder of the battalion took another road in 
 the pursuit, under the orders of Brigadier-General 
 Kobert Burne, Lieut.-Coloncl of the Thikty-sixth, 
 and intercepted many stragglers, whom they mode 
 prisoners. 
 
 The casualties under Lieut.-Colonel the Honorable 
 Basil Cochrane were two killed ; — Lieutenant Charles 
 Moody and eight rank and file were taken prisoners. 
 
 Early in June 1811 the battalion commenced its 
 march for the south of Portugal, and continued at the 
 camp of Ai'ronches until the 18th of July, when it again 
 returned to the north, and was in cantonments at Bar- 
 quilla, in Spain, during August and September ; on the 
 25th of September it was in position at the affair of 
 Especha, when the enemy advanced to relieve Ciiidad 
 Rodrigo, which was blockaded by the Allied army. 
 The battalion was likewise in position at the subse- 
 quent affair near Honda on the 27 th of September. 
 
 On the 30th of September the British army went 
 into cantonments, the Thirty-sixtii occupying the 
 village of Pinziu. There Lieut.-Colonel the Honor- 
 able Basil Cochrane found his health so much on the 
 decline that he was compelled to apply for leave to 
 return to England; and on the 13th of October he 
 qiiitted the corps for that purpose, the command of 
 which then devolved on Major William Cross. 
 
 On the 24th of November the battalion marched ot 
 Gallegos, in Spain, with the view of intercepting a con- 
 voy of provisions intended for the garrison of Ciudad 
 Rodrigo, but the incessant rain had so flooded the rivers 
 that it was found impossible to cross at the points in- 
 tended, which circumstance enabled the convoy to reach 
 its destination. 
 
OR THE HEBEFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 79 
 
 2ach 
 
 The battalion commenced its march to new canton- 1811. 
 ments at Mongiialda on the 27th of November, which 
 it reached on the 3d of December. 
 
 On the 14th of Jannary 1812 the battalion v.'ii8l812. 
 moved from Mongualda, by forced marches, to a^^aist in 
 the siege of Ciudad Bodrit/o, which, however, was taken 
 on the night of the 19th of January by the troops under 
 Viscount Wellington, just as the Thiuty-sixth were 
 on the point of leaving Nava d'Ayer, within ten miles 
 of the scene of operations ; the battalion remained at 
 Nava d'Aver until Ciudad Rodrigo was secured against 
 a coup de mairii and then marched into cantonments at 
 Meda, which it reached on the 3d of February. 
 
 Major-General Henry Clinton arrived and assumed the 
 command of the sixth division on the llth of February. 
 On the 20th of that month the battalion marched for 
 the south of Portugal, reached Estrenios on the 6th of 
 March, and remained there until the 14th, on which 
 day it proceeded to Borba, and on the 15th to the 
 camp at Elvas, where the army was assembled. On 
 the following day it marched to aid in investing Badajoz, 
 and from thence proceeded with the covering army, 
 under Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Graham (afterwards 
 Lord Lynedoch), which, after the affairs of Usagrc, 
 Llerena, Bcrlonga, and Asuaga, effected the expulsion 
 of the enemy from Spanish Estrcmadura, and then 
 returned to support the attack on Badajoz. The bat- 
 talion reaCiied Albuhera on the 6th of April, on the 
 night of which Badajoz Avas stormed and carried. 
 
 The enemy being thus thwarted in all his views 
 against the south, in which the principal part of the 
 British troops was assembled, made a sudden invasion 
 of the north of Portugal, and advanced as far us Castcllo 
 Branco. The sixth division was in consequence moved 
 with the utmost rapidity in that direction, but on its 
 approach the enemy retired, and the division again 
 returned to the south, the Tiiirty-sixtu taking 
 
 I 
 
u 
 
 80 HISTORICAL RECORD OP TIIK TniRTY-RIXTH, 
 
 18 12. Up cantonments at Civstcllo du Yulv on the 30th 
 of A[)rih 
 
 On the •'jth May 1812, Liciit.-Colonel LcwIh Davics ar- 
 rived, and aHMuincd the connuand of the Tiiirty-bixth ; 
 towards the end of the month Major William Cross, 
 who had been in very bad health for several weeks, 
 proceeded to join the second battalion in England. 
 
 The battalion marched to Azumaronthe 8th of May, 
 and on the 13th to Arronches, from which it moved 
 towiudrt the end of the month to Puebln, in Spain, 
 tlicn to IJadajoz, wlierc it halted five days, thence to 
 Castollo dc Vide for two days, from which it marched 
 through Castello Brnnco in ihe direction of Salamanca, 
 which it reached on the 17th of June, and operations 
 were thcrt innncdiatcly conuncnced against the Forts at 
 Salamanca by the light companies of the division under 
 Colonel Samuel Venables llinde, of the Thirty-second 
 regiment. They were attacked without success on the 
 2.'Jd, and carried on the 27th of Juno by a partv under 
 the command of Lieut.-Coloncl Davles, of the 'uiikty- 
 SIXTH, with a loss to the battalion of Lieutenant 
 George IMackenzie and eleven rank and file killed, and 
 Captain Paul Minchin Ilobavt and twenty-five rank 
 and file wounded. Captain Ilobart, who Avas promoted 
 to the brevet rank of Major on the 23d of July 1812, 
 died of his wounds. 
 
 The battalion then occui)ied dift'crent villages in the 
 neighbourhood, and (m the 22d of July it took a con- 
 siderju le share in the battle of Salamanca. The change 
 of the allied position and various manojuvres occupied 
 the day without any close engagement, excepting on 
 the left for the possession of the Arapiles ; the battle of 
 Salamanca did not commence in earnest until after three 
 o'clock, when the French left, having been very much 
 extended by the advance of the division of Genenil 
 Thomieres, with the light cavalry and fifty pieces of 
 artillery, along a range of heights parallel with the 
 
on THE TIEREFOnDSTlinE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 81 
 
 lungc 
 
 ttlc of 
 three 
 nuich 
 cneial 
 CCS of 
 h the 
 
 BritiMhlinc, to cut oft' the ri^rht of the ulliea from the 1812. 
 Ciiulail llo(lrl}^o road, the tliiid division wiw ordered to 
 ndvanco in four cohunnH, Hupportcd by cavah'y to 
 turn tlio French left. The cvohitions of this great 
 battle are too varied to be clearly described with 
 brevity. The sixth division under Major-General 
 Clinton, of which the Tiiiuty-hixtii formed part, was 
 placed at first in reserve, but at a critical period in 
 the action it was ordered up to relieve the fourth 
 division, and the battle was soon restored to its former 
 success. 
 
 The enemy's right, reinforced by the troops which 
 had fled from his left, and by those which had by this 
 time retired from the Arapiles, still continued to resist; 
 and while other corps wore directed to turn the right, 
 the sixth division, supported by the third and fifth, 
 attacked the front. It was dark before this point was 
 carried by the sixth division, and the enemy then fled 
 through the woods towards the Tonnes. 
 
 Lieut.-General Sir William Napier, in his History 
 of the Peninsular War, thus sums up the account of 
 this victory : — 
 
 " The battle of Salamanca, remarkable in many 
 " points of view, was not least so in this, that it was 
 " the first decided victory gained by the allies in the 
 " Peninsula. In former actions the French had been 
 " repulsed, here they were driven headlong, as it were, 
 " before a mighty wind, without help or stay, and the 
 " results were proportionate." 
 
 The Thirty-sixth had Captains William TuUoh 
 and Alexander Middleton, Lieutenants Arthur Parker 
 and Richard Barton, one serjeant, and fifteen rank and 
 file killed. Brevet-Major John Fox, Lieutenants Walter 
 Ewart, and David Price, Ensigns llichard James 
 Bourchier, William Wainwright, with four Serjeants 
 and seventy rank and file, were wounded. Lieutenant 
 Ewart subsequently died of his wounds. 
 
 F 
 
82 HISXOBICAL llECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1812. Lieut.-Colonel Davies obtained the medal issued for 
 the victory gained at Salamanca; and the Thirty- 
 sixth subsequently received the Royal Authority to 
 bear the word " Salamanca " on the regimental 
 colour and appointments, in commemoration of the 
 gallantry displayed in that battle. 
 
 On the 23d of July the battalion was employed in 
 pursuit of the enemy by the route of Alba de Tormes, 
 and in August went into cantonments at Cuellar; 
 towards the end of that month it marched again, and 
 encamped before Burgos, which the Marquis of Wel- 
 lington (that title having been conferred upon him 
 after the victory at Salamanca) ordered should be 
 forthwith invested. 
 
 Major Molyneux Smith, of the Thirty-sixth, died 
 on the 21st of August 1812, and Brevet-Major John 
 Fox was appointed his successor on the 1st of October 
 following. The battalion took an active share in 
 all the operations against Burgos, from which the 
 British army retired on the 21st of October. The 
 Thirty-sixth, during the siege, had seven rank and 
 file killed and eleven wounded. 
 
 After this most harassing retreat, rendered so by 
 the severity of the weather and the dreadful state of 
 the roads, as well as by a numerous and active-pursuing 
 enemy, the battalion, early in December, reached 
 Falgosa de Medelina, in Portugal, where it halted 
 for some weeks. 
 
 1813. In February 1813 the battalion marched from 
 Falgosa de Medelina to Toraish, whert; '' remained 
 until May. There Lieut.-Colonel Davies, in conse- 
 quence of ill-health, left the corps for England, when 
 the command devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel John 
 Ward. 
 
 On the 14th of May the allied army again advanced, 
 crossed the Douro on the 19th, and halted on the 20th 
 at Toro de Muntc Corva ; on the 24th reached Mai- 
 
OR THE IIEUEFOHDSlIIItE llEGIMENT OF FOOT. 83 
 
 hadus, and halted until the 27th, and on the 29th 1813. 
 entered Spain by crossing- the Corsa, near Murga, 
 where the troops, of which the THiitTY-siXTil formed 
 part, halted until the 3 let. On the 1st of June they 
 crossed the Esla by a pontoon bridge, and continued 
 the march until the 19th, when they halted at Madina 
 to observe General Clausel's corps, and cover the 
 British stores and ammunition. 
 
 The battalion reached Vittoria on the 22d of June, 
 the day following the victory gained there by the 
 Marquis of Wellington, and halted at that place 
 during the 23d and 24th, still observing General 
 Clausel. On the 26th the battalion marched to 
 Mondragoa, and afterwards retrograded to Montinca, 
 whence Clausel was pursued to the bridge of Lagosa, 
 where the battalion arrived on the 30th of June ; and, 
 marching again on the 1st of July, it encamped near 
 Pampeluna on the 5th of that month. 
 
 There the battalion halted until the 13th of July, 
 and on the following day it marched to Lanz, where 
 it remained until the 22d ; and on the 23d it crossed 
 the Low Pyrenees to the valley of San Estevan ; on 
 the 27th the nattalion re-crossed the Pyrenees to 
 Torrossa. 
 
 On the 28th of July the battalion was in position 
 near Pampeluna, and was warmly engaged, the light 
 company under Captain William Campbell being de- 
 tached in smart skirmishing. On the following day 
 both ai'mies remained quiet ; but on the 30th of July 
 the battalion was again engaged early in the morning, 
 the light company being, as before, detached, tuider 
 Captain Campbell, to expel the enemy from the village 
 of Sorauren. About eight o'clock Major Martin 
 Leggatt arrived, and assumed the command, when 
 Brevet Lieut. -Colonel Ward immediately proceeded 
 to join the light company in Sorauren. Marshal Soult 
 was however foiled, and about two o'clock in the after- 
 
 F 2 
 
 
 
^ 
 
 !«'i 
 
 84 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 18 13. noon the enemy was in general retreat, being pursued 
 by the whole army. 
 
 In approbation of the conduct of Major Leggatt, 
 Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Ward and Captain Campbell 
 on the three last-mentioned days, His Royal High- 
 ness the Prince Regent, in the name and behalf of His 
 Majesty, Avas graciously pleased to present each of 
 them with a medal for the battles of the Pyrenees, 
 and to promote Captain Campbell to the brevet rank 
 of Major. 
 
 The Thirty-sixth subsequently received the Royal 
 Authority to bear on the regimental colour and ap- 
 pointments the word " Pyrenees," in connnemoratlon 
 of the services of the first battalion in the acti»)n8 which 
 occurred there, and which have been designated the 
 " Battles of the Pyrenees.'''' 
 
 On the 1st of August the battalion reached Bargetta, 
 and halted there until the 3d ; on the following day it 
 pursued the enemy to the valley of Alduides ; and on 
 the ath and 6 th the battalion was in position ; — on the 
 7th it marched and encamped in the valley near Maya, 
 and on the 8th moved to the camp at the Pass of 
 Maya, where the battalion remained until the 9th of 
 September. 
 
 Major William Cross arrived at the camp of ISIaya 
 on the 10th of September, and resumed the command 
 of the battalion. 
 
 The battalion Avas present in the affair of Urdax on 
 the 7 th of October, and had forty-six rank and file 
 killed and wounded. 
 
 The British army was put in motion at an early hour 
 in the morning of the 10th of November, and advanced 
 to attack the enemy in his fortified position on the 
 ^ivellc. In the battle which ensued, it was the proud 
 lot of the sixth division, of which the Thirty-sixth 
 fonned part, to charge and carry the enemy's breast- 
 work and principal redoubt on the heights of Ainhoa, 
 
OR THE HEUEFORDSIIIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 85 
 
 with the loss of one drummer and five rank and file 1813. 
 killed. 
 
 The Marquis of Wellington, in his despatch of 
 the 13th of November, thus alluded to the conduct of 
 tlie TiliRTY-SiXTii on this occasion: — 
 
 " 1 had the pleasure of seeing the sixth division 
 " under Lieut-General Sir Henry Clinton, after 
 " having crossed the Nivellc, and having driven in 
 " the cuemy's piquets on both banks, and having 
 " covered the passage of the Portuguese division under 
 " Lieut-Colonel Sir John Hamilton, on its right, 
 " make a most handsome attack upon the right of the 
 " encmi/s position heldnd Ainhoa, and on the right of 
 " the Nivellc, and carry all the entrenchments, and the 
 " redoubt on that flank. Licut.-Gcncral Sir John 
 *' Hamilton, supported with the Portuguese division, 
 " the sixth division on its right, and both co-oi)erated 
 " in the attack of the second redoubt, which was 
 " immediately carried." 
 
 In this battle the Tiiirty-sixtii had Captains 
 Robert Blakeney and William Gillam, Lieutenants 
 Thomas L'Estrange and William Tunstall, Ensigns 
 James ISIcCabe and John Skerry, one serjeant and fifty- 
 eight rank and file, wounded. 
 
 !Major Cross, for his services on this day, was pro- 
 moted to the brevet rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and 
 was with Brevet-Major Campbell honoured with the 
 medal for the battle of the Nivelle. 
 
 The TiiiRTY-siXTii subsequently received the Royal 
 Authority to bear the word " Nivelle " on the regi- 
 mental colour and appointments, in commemoration of 
 the gallantry of the first battalion in that battle. 
 
 After this victory the battalion was in cantonments 
 at Usteritz, on the river Nive, observing the enemy, — 
 who was in force on the opposite side, — until the 9th of 
 December, when the passage of the river was forced, 
 
 F 3 
 
 a 
 
 ■I 
 
 
 i 
 
t '' 
 
 86 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1813. and the battle of the Nlve ensued. In the passage of 
 the Is'ive the Thiuty-sixtii had only three rank and 
 file wounded. 
 
 The enemy having failed in all his attacks, with his 
 whole force, on the British left, withdrew into his en- 
 trenchments on the night of the 12th of December, and 
 passed a large force through Bayonne, with which, on 
 the morning of the 13th, he made a most desperate 
 attack on the troops under Lieut.-General Sir Rowland 
 Hill; the Marquis of Wellington, in expectation of this 
 attack, had given orders that the Lieut. -General should 
 be reinforced with the sixth division, which crossed the 
 Nive at daylight on that morning. The TiiiriY- 
 SIXTH were accordingly in position at Bidart, but Lieut.- 
 General Sir Rowland Hill defeated the enemy with 
 the troops under his own immediate command on the 
 13th of December, with immense loss, before the arrival 
 of the reinforcement, although the march of the sixth 
 division afforded him great facility in makini; his 
 movements. 
 
 In commemoration of the operations connected with 
 the passage of the river Nive, the Thirty-sixth sub- 
 sequently received the Royal Authority to bear the 
 word " Nive " on the regimental colour and appoint- 
 ments. 
 
 On the 14th of December the Thirty-sixth oc- 
 cupied cantonments at Ville Franque, and commenced 
 the severe duty of the blockade of Bayonne. 
 
 1814. The battalion was employed on this duty until the 
 21st of February 1814, on which day the army advanced, 
 the Thirty-sixth being selected by Lieut.-General 
 Sir Henry Clinton, K.B., for the important duty of 
 protecting the artillery of the division from an nppre- 
 hended attack iqion it by the (uieiny's gari'ison of St. 
 Jean Pied de Port, which the drcadfiu stale rf the 
 roads obliged it nearly to pass. This obstacle fort'jnately 
 surmoimted, by forced marches the Thirty-sixth 
 
 
on THE HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OV FOO'J. 87 
 
 rejoined the army on the 26th of February, and shared 1814. 
 in the battle of Orthes on the following day. 
 
 On the day previoua to the battle the third division 
 forced the river Gave de Pan, and a pontoon bridge 
 was afterwards laid at Bereaux, by which the fourth 
 and sixth divisions crossed on the morning of the 27th, 
 at which time the third division was already posted 
 with skirmishers thrown out close upon the left centre 
 of the French position. The sixth division, of which 
 the Thirty-sixth formed part, was placed on the 
 right between the third division and the river, and the 
 light division on its left in rear as a reserve. During 
 the whole morning there had been occasional skirmishing 
 by the third division, but the real attack commenced at 
 nine o'clock by the third and sixth divisions on the 
 French left centre, and the fourth and seventh divisions 
 on their right, which last was intended to be the 
 principal point of attack; but it having been found, 
 after three hours' hard fighting, that the enemy was 
 there too strongly posted, the Marquis of Wellington 
 ordered an advance of the third and sixth divisions, 
 with the Fifty-second regiment, from the centre upon 
 the left centre of the French position, which they 
 carried, and thus secured the victory ; while Lieut.- 
 General Sir Rowland Hill, with the second division, had 
 crossed the river above Orthes, and nearly cut off the 
 only line of retreat open to the enemy, who then 
 retired from the field, but without confusion, and 
 constantly resisting the advance. The allies followed, 
 keeping up an incessant fire and cannonade, but lost 
 many men, particularly of the third division, which 
 was the most strongly opposed ; this continued 
 until the French nearly reached the Luy de Bcarn 
 river, when their retreat became a flight, and they 
 effected their escape by the fords and one bridge, 
 which they destroyed, having lost four thousand )nen 
 and six guns. 
 
 F 4 
 
88 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 r'li 
 
 i 
 
 1814. In commemoration of this victory, the Thirty-sixth 
 subsequently received the Royal Authority to bear the 
 word " Orthes " on the regimental colour and appoint- 
 ments. 
 
 The battalion shared in the affairs of Vic Biyorre 
 and Tarhes on the 19th and 20tli of March. The 
 movement of the sixth division under Lieut.-Gencral 
 Sir Henry Clinton is stated by the Marquis of 
 Wellington, in his despatch, to have been very ably 
 made, and it was completely successful. 
 
 During the night jSIarshal Soult retreated towards 
 Toulouse, followed on the 21st of March by the allies, 
 who continued their advance, until on the 26th they 
 arrived in presence of the French army. The town of 
 Toulouse is surrounded on three sides by the Canal of 
 Languedoc and the Garonne ; on the left of that river, 
 the suburb, which the enemy had fortified with strong 
 field-works in front of the ancient wall, formed a good 
 tete-(le-pont. The city itself was only accessible from 
 the south, and its strong though old-fashioned walls 
 had been rendered more defensible by redoubts, and 
 by an exterior line of entrenclmients on a strong and 
 rugged range of heights, about tAvo miles in length 
 beyond the canal. On the 28th the enemy's troops were 
 driven within the subiu'b of St. Cyprien, and several 
 attempts ^vere made to attack them by crossing the 
 Garonne above Toulouse. Operations were, however, 
 impeded by the fioods and rapidity of the river, until 
 the 3d of April, when the third, fourth, and sixth 
 divisions, with three brigades of cavalry, under Marshal 
 Beresford, passed over by a pontoon bridge fifteen miles 
 below Toulouse; but the crossing of the remainder of the 
 army was again impeded by the rising of the river, which 
 caused the removal of the bridges, until the 8th, when 
 the Marciuis of Wellington crossed, and advanced within 
 five miles of Toulouse; Lieut.-Gcneral Sir llowland 
 Hill, with two divisions, remaining on the left bank. 
 
OR THE heuefordshirp: regiment of foot. 89 
 
 In the battle of Toulouse, which began about 81x1814. 
 o'clock in the morning of the 10th of April, it was the 
 good fortune of the Tiiikty-bixth to commence the 
 attack of the sixth division. The Marquis of Welling- 
 ton's plan of attack was for Marshal Sir William Bercs- 
 ford, Avho was on the right of the Ers with the fourth 
 and sixth divisions, to cross that river at the bridge of 
 Croix d'Orade, to gain possession of Montblanc, and to 
 march up to the left of the Ers to turn the enemy's 
 right, while Lieut.-General Don flannel Freyrc, with 
 the Spanish corps under his command, supported by the 
 British cavalry, attacked the front. 
 
 Marshal Sir William Bcresford crossed the Ers, 
 formed his corps in three columns of lines in the vil- 
 lage of Croix d'Orade, and immediately carried Mont- 
 blanc. He then moved up the Ers in the same order, 
 over most difficult ground, in a direction parallel to the 
 enemy's fortified position, and as soon as he reached the 
 point at which he turned it, he formed his lines, and 
 moved to the attack. The gallant efforts of Lieut.- 
 General Don Manuel Freyrc did not meet with success, 
 but they were highly applauded by the INIarquis of 
 Wellington. Meanwhile ^Marshal Sir AV^illiam Bcres- 
 ford, with the fourth division under the command of 
 Lieut.-General Sir Lowry Cole, and the sixth division 
 imder Lieut.-General Sir Henry Clinton, attacked and 
 carried the heights on the enemy's right, and the re- 
 doubt which covered and protected that flank ; and he 
 lodged those troops on the same heights with the encuiy, 
 Avho were, however, still in possession of four i odoubts, 
 and of the entrenchments and fortified houses. 
 
 The badness of the roads had induced the Marshal to 
 leave his artillery in the village of Montblanc ; some 
 time elapsed before it could be brought up, and before 
 Lieut.-General Don Manuel Frcyre's corps could be 
 re-formed and led again to the attack. As soon as this 
 was efFectcd, the Marshal continued his movement along 
 
 
■f 
 
 m 
 
 
 00 IITSTOIITCAL TIKCOTIT) OF THE TTTTRTT-RTXTTI, 
 
 1814. the ii(lt;(% and carried, with Mnjnr-Gcncral Denis 
 Pack'-s hrigade of the sixth division, the two principal 
 redoubts and fortified houses in the enemy's centre. 
 The enemy made a desperate effort from the canal to 
 regain these redoubts, but they were repulsed with 
 considerable loss ; and the sixth division continuing its 
 movement along tlic ridge of the height, and the 
 Spanish troops continuing a corresponding movement 
 upon the front, the French were driven from the two 
 redoubts and entvonchmcnts on the left, and the whole 
 range of heiglits were gained by the liritish. 
 
 The Mar(|uis of Wellington, in his despatch, 
 lidded — 
 
 " Wc did not gain this advantage, however, without 
 •' severe loss, particularly in the brave sixth division. 
 
 " The TiriUTY-siXTiT, Forty-second, Sixty-first, and 
 " Seventy-ninth regiments lost considerable nmnbers, 
 " and were highly distinguished throughout the day. 
 
 "' I cannot sufficiently applaud the ability and con- 
 " duct of Marshal Sir William Bercsford throughout 
 " the operations of the day, nor that of Lieutenant- 
 " Generals Sir Lowry Cole, Sir Henry Clinton, Major- 
 " Generals Pack and Lambert, and the troops under 
 " their command. 
 
 " The fourth division, although exposed on their 
 " march along the enemy's front in a galling fire, were 
 " not so much engaged as the sixth division, and did 
 " not suffer so much ; but they conducted themselves 
 " with their usual gallantry." 
 
 lly this last paragraph it is shown, that the sixth 
 division, of which the first battalion of the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment had for some time formed a part, bore 
 the brunt of this hard-fought, but, as it proved unne- 
 cessai-y, battle. 
 
 Tlie killed and wounded of the Thirty-sixth were 
 one hundred and fifty-three, of all ranks, out of two 
 hundred and fifty ; namely, Ensign James Cromie, 
 
OR TTTE nERRFOnDSniRF- RFOT'VrF-NT OF FOOT. 91 
 
 , 
 
 three Serjeants and thirty-five rank itnd fih' killed, 1814. 
 Ikevct Licut.-Coh)nel Williain Cro^ss, Jirevct Miijor 
 Williiun Camphell, Lieutenants tTames Prendergnst, 
 Thomas L'Estrange, Peter .Joseph lione, William 
 Henry Robertson, and Edward Lewis, Ensigns Thomas 
 M. Taylor, and James McCa.be, eight scrjcants, and 
 ninety-seven rank and file wounded. 
 
 Brevet Lieut.-Coloncl Cross was so severely wounded 
 as to oblige him to be carried ofi' the field, and the com- 
 mand of the battalion devolved upon Major Martin 
 Leggatt. 
 
 In approbation of the services of Licut.-Colonel Cross 
 at the battles of the Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, and Toulouse, 
 His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, in the name and 
 behalf of His Majesty, was gra iously pleased to confer 
 upon that officer a cross, and to nominate him a Com- 
 panion of the Most Honourable ^lilitary Order of the 
 Bath; His Royal Highness was likewise pleased to 
 bestow on Major Leggatt a medal for the battle of 
 Toulouse. 
 
 The Thirty-sixth subsequently received the Royal 
 Authority to bear the word " Toulouse " on the 
 regimental colour and appointments, in commemoration 
 of the distinguished gallantry of the first battalicm in 
 that battle ; also the word " Peninsula " in testimony 
 ot its sei'vices in Spain and Portugal. 
 
 During the night of the 11th of April the French 
 troops evacuated Toulouse, and a white flag was hoisted. 
 On the following day the Marquis of Wellington 
 entered the city, amidst the acclamations of the inha- 
 bitants. In the course of the afternom of the 12th of 
 April intelligence Avas received of the abdication of 
 Napoleon, and had not the express been delayed on the 
 journey by the French police, the sacrifice of many 
 valuable lives would have been prevented. 
 
 A disbelief in the truth of this Intelligence occasioned 
 much unnecessary bloodshed at Bayonne, the garrison 
 
N 
 
 ■I I 
 
 ¥. 
 
 ; I 
 
 ■) i 
 'i i 
 
 92 1II8T01UOAL llECOUI) OF THE TIIinTY-SIXTlI, 
 
 18 14. of which nindc a (losperatc sorf'e on the 14th of April, 
 and Liout.-Circnoral Sir John I lope (afterwards Earl of 
 llopc'toun) was taken prisoner, Major-drcncral Anchew 
 Hay was killed, and Major-Goncral Stopford was 
 wounded. This was the last action of the Peninsular 
 war. 
 
 A Treaty of Peace was established between Great 
 liritiiin and France; Louis XVIil. was restored to the 
 throne of his ancestors; and Napoleon Bonaparte was 
 permitted to reside at J'^lba, the sovereiji;nly of that 
 island having been conceded to him by the allied 
 j)owcrs. 
 
 The first battalion of the TiiiRTY-siXTil regiment 
 embarked at Pouillac on the 22d of June 1814, and 
 arrived at the Cove of Cork on the 1 1 tli of the following 
 month, and subse({uently proceeded to Kilkenny. 
 
 The second battalion of the Thikty-sixtii, which 
 had been employed on home duty during the Peninsular 
 "VVar> was disbanded at IMymouth on the 24th of 
 October 1814, and the men in for service were 
 transferred to the fii's!. battalion: — the detachment 
 accordingly embarked for Ireland on the 30th of 
 October. 
 
 1815. The tranquillity which Europe appeared to huvc 
 gained by the splendid successes over the French in 
 the Peninsula, was again to be disturbed. Napoleon, 
 who had been accustomed to im[)crial sway, was na- 
 turally discontented with his small sovereignty of Elba. 
 IJesides, the correspondence kept up by him with his 
 adherents in France gave him hopes of regaining his 
 ft)rmcr power, which were, for a short time, fully 
 realized. Napoleon Bonaparte landed at Cannes, in 
 Provence, on the 1st of March 1815, witn a small body 
 of men, and on the 20th of that month entered Paris 
 at tlie head of an army, which had joined him on the 
 road. This could not be matter of wonder, for the 
 officers and soldiers had won their fame under his com- 
 
OR THE IIEREPORDSIIIRK REOTMENT OE FOOT. 93 
 
 maiul, and gUulIy wclcomoil tlicir former IcuUm-, iiiulerl8l5. 
 whom they probahly expected to ac<|niro fVe-ih hoiioiiru, 
 which mi<j;ht cancel the memorv of the defeat ■» .sustained 
 in the Peninsula and soutli of Franco. 
 
 Louis XVIII., unable to stem the torrent, witlidrew 
 from Paris to Ghent, and Napoleon resumed his former 
 dignity of Emperor of the Frencii. This assumption 
 the allied powers determineil not to acknowledge, and 
 resolved to deprive him of his sovereignty, hy again 
 restoring the ancient dynasty. 
 
 Napoleon was finally defeated on the plains of 
 Waterloo on the 18th of June 1815, and the allies 
 advanced on Paris. The first battivlion of the TiriUTY- 
 siXTH regiment embarkod at Cork on the .'Jd of July, 
 and landed iit Ostend on the 11th of that month. The 
 battalion marched from thence to Paris. 
 
 The TiiiiiTY-sixTii regiment remained in the neigh- 
 bourhood of Paris until December 1815, on the 22d of 
 which month it embarked at Calais for England ; and, 
 landing at Dover and llamsgate, it subsecj^uently pro- 
 ceeded to Portsmouth. 
 
 During the year 1810 the regiment was stationed atl81G. 
 Portsmouth. 
 
 Colonel the Honoiu'able Pasll Cochrane, who had 
 been serving as Assistant-Quartermaster-General in 
 Ireland, died on iiis passage from Newry to Liverpool 
 on the 14th of May 18 IG. livevet Lieut.-Colonel 
 William Cross Avas appointed to succeed him as Lieut.- 
 Colonel of the TmiiTY-siXTii regiment on the 23d of 
 May, and Brevet Major AVilliam Wright Swain was 
 promoted to the vacant majority. 
 
 The word "FiUJi" being an old regimental ac- 
 quirement, it was deemed necessary to apply to 
 Sir George Nayler, York Herald, Inspector of IJegi- 
 mcntal Colours, for its insertion on the new colours 
 which had been prepared, when the following reply 
 was received : — 
 
 
 
94 11I8TOUICAL IlECOUD OP TIIF, i IIIUTY-SIXTII, 
 
 1810." Siu, " CoW'fie of Arms, dth Jan. 1817. 
 
 " Fito.M the papiMrt uiul docmnontH in my possos- 
 " nion,* rcliitinjr to thoTiiiin v-siXTii righuent, it in 
 " cli'iir that tlu; word ♦ FiiiM ' should he inrtortcd on the 
 " colours of tluit re^'injont. I would, theret'oiv, re- 
 " cotninond your directing the person who nmdo the 
 " new colours to cause the ahove word to be inscribed 
 •' on them. 
 
 " I have, &c. 
 (Si}j;ned) " Gkougk Nayleu, 
 
 " York Ifn-nU, 
 " Inspectur of I{f(/i mental Colourit.^^ 
 " To liiinit.-Colonel Cro.-s, 
 
 Commanding .'J6th Kogiment." 
 
 1817. The regiment eml)arked at Portsmouth for the 
 Mediterranean on the 29th of July 1817, and landed 
 at Malta on the 27th of September following. 
 
 1818. On the 4th of April 1818 General George Don was 
 removed I'rom the Ninety-fifth (afterwards disbanded) 
 to the TiiiUTY-siXTii regiment, in succession to General 
 the Honourable Henry St. John, deceased. 
 
 1820. The head-quarters of the regiment, with six com- 
 panies, embarked at IVIalta on the 5th of December 1820, 
 and landed in the island of Zante on the 11th of the 
 same mouth, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel 
 Cross, having left four companies at Malta under the 
 conunand of Major Swain. 
 
 • Tliu origin of the word " Fium" being borne by the Tiiiktv-sixtii 
 1ms not been useurtained with certainty ; but it lias been sujiposed that it 
 was adopted in eonsetjncnee of the expression y///«H('.v.v used in the orders 
 of (leneral the Earl Cornwallis the (by after the capture of the impor- 
 tant fortress of ISangalore, the details of which are given at page 53 ; 
 the doemnents alluded to by Sir George Nayler in the above letter, and 
 on which the regiment was permitted to revive the word " Fikm," are 
 inserted in tlie Appendix, pages 129, &c. ; by these it M'ill be perceived 
 liiat ihe word " Fikm " nuist have been adopted by the regiment several 
 years before the captiu'c of Bumjalore, which was effected in March 1 791, 
 
OU THE IIEKEFOUUHHIUE llEGIMENT or I'OOr. do 
 
 On the 18tli of iluno 1H21 the four eoiupimiud whiciil821. 
 hud ruinuincil at Miiltii cinhurkcil for the ishuul ot' 
 Cephulonia, whore they univeil »>ii thi; 22<l of tht; r^amo 
 month. The head-(iuartert< aiul four couijtiinics em- 
 barked at Zunte on the 8th of July, iiud arrived ut 
 Cephalonia on the lOth of that uionth, when Lieut. - 
 Colonel Cro8s absunied thccouuimnd; two C(>ni[)anies 
 were left detached at Zante under tiic coianuiud of 
 Brevet Major Henry Vernon. 
 
 On the 1st of November 1821 a detachment of tlio 
 regiment, consisting of one captain, three wubaltenis, 
 four Serjeants, two drunnners, and one hundied rank 
 and file, was ordered to proceed to the island of Ccrigo, 
 under the command of Brevet Major William Campbell, 
 on a particular service. 
 
 During the five latter months of the reghiient being 
 stationed at Cephalonia, the numbers of sick were very 
 great; so much so, that it was deemed indispensably 
 necessary to establish a convalescent hos[>ital, as also 
 forming a detachment of two subalterns, two serjcants, 
 and eighty rank and file, principally consisting of the 
 most weakly soldiers that could be selected, which 
 proceeded to Fort St. George, a healthy eminence 
 situated about five miles from Argot^toli, where the 
 head-quarters were stationed; another liospital was 
 also established there for the reoe])tiou of the sick of 
 that detachment, under the superintendence of a medi- 
 cal staiF officer. 
 
 The increase of disease in this island was principally 
 attributed to the unconccntratcd position of the 
 barracks, which were small, crowded, and temporary, 
 situated on a marsh in a valley close to the beacili, 
 together with the insalubrious atiuoi^phcre, which 
 prevailed exceedingly during the time the regiment was 
 stationed there. The loss of the TiiiiiT y-:<ixti i by .-^iek- 
 nesH here was sixteen in two months, whicii consisted 
 principally of the stoutest young men in the regiment. ^ 
 
96 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 h 
 
 hi 
 i 
 
 1821. His I'jxcellency the Commancler of the Forces in the 
 Mecliterranean, Licut.-General the Right Honorable 
 Sir Thomas MaitlanU, G.C.Ij., liaving arrived at this 
 island early in November, and perceiving the debilitated 
 state of the corps, was pleased to direct its removal ; 
 six days previously to which the two companies under 
 the conunand of ]3rcvct Major Vernon arrived from 
 Zantc and joined the head-quarters. On the 30th of 
 November the regiment, with the exception of the 
 detachment at Ccrigo, embarked for Corfu, where 
 it arrived on the 4th of December, and occupied part 
 of the barracks in the citadel, and the whole of the 
 barracks and (iuarters in Fort Ncnf ; the head-quarters 
 and three companies in the latter,, and the remaining 
 companies in the citadel ; soon after which Lieut- 
 Colonel Cross, having been a considerable time in a 
 bad state of health, obtained leave of absence ; and 
 Major Swain, through domestic calamities, being 
 abdcnt, the command devolved on Brevet Major 
 .loshua Crosse. Here Lieutenant Henry O'Bre died 
 en the 13th of December, about which time Brevet 
 Major Vernon was appointed Connnandant of Paxo, 
 where he died. 
 
 1822. Brevet Major Crosse was succeeded in the command 
 by Brevet Major Campbell, on his arrival from Cerigo 
 in the month of February 1822. 
 
 In March following INIajor Edmond Browne arrived 
 fiom England and took the conunand of the regiment, 
 he having succeeded to the majority by exchange from 
 the half-pay with Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Leggatt in 
 May 1821. 
 
 On the 2d June 1822 Major-General Sir Frederick 
 Adam, K. <l; B., commanding, was pleased to order the 
 head-quarter.'i and three companies stationed at Fort 
 Neuf to join the remaining companies at the citadel, 
 as well as the regimental hospital to be established 
 there, which was productive of much comfort to the 
 
OR THE IIEREFORDSUIllE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 97 
 
 corps, together with the unremitting and unwearied 1822. 
 attention of the nicdical do])ai tnieut, us well as at their 
 solicitation to send a portion of the men that had not 
 quite recovered from the diseases contracted at Cepha- 
 lonia, to the sick depot formed at Malta, which was 
 acceded to, and they accordingly embarked for that 
 station on the 8th of August, where they arrived on 
 the 13th of the same month. This arrangement was 
 attended with the fortunate result of restoration to 
 tlieir former good health; and, upon the 27th of 
 October following, two sei^eauts and forty-two rank 
 and file arrived from Malta in His Majesty's ship 
 " Cambrian ;" and at subsequent dates others arrived, 
 leaving only a very few bad cases at Malta ; so that after- 
 wards it generally had the fewest sick of any regiment 
 in the Ionian Ij^lands, or in the Mediterranean. 
 
 On the 1st of re*bruary 1823, the detachment which 1823. 
 was stationed at Cerigo arrived at Corfu, and joined the 
 head-quarters of the regiment. 
 
 In the year 1825, the establishment of the regiment 1825. 
 was augmented from eight to ten companies, and 
 formed into six service and four depot companies, con- 
 sisting of forty-two Serjeants, fourteen drummers, and 
 seven hundred and forty rank and file. 
 
 The regiment remained in the Ionian Islands until 
 the 2d of December 1325, when it embarked at Santa 
 Maura for England. 
 
 On the 18th of February 1826, the regiment dis-1826. 
 embarked at Chatham ; in the spring it proceeded to 
 Colchester, afterwards to Macclesfield, Stockport, Man- 
 chester, and Bolton. 
 
 During the early part of the year 1827, the regiment 1827. 
 remained at Bolton, in Laiicai^hire, and in April it pro- 
 ceeded to Liverpool, from Avhich phicc it embarked for 
 Ireland on the 14th of that month. The regiment 
 arrived at Dublin on the following day, proceeded 
 from thence to Mullingar, and* returned to Dublin in 
 
 a 
 
 i 
 
 ii"'ii 
 
 m 
 
98 HISTOUICAL liECORD OF THE THIllTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1827. August following, where it was stationed during the 
 remainder of the year. 
 
 1828. In May 1828, the regiment proceeded from Dublin 
 to Naas, and in October it was removed to Limetick. 
 
 1829. The regiment remained at Limerick until August 
 1829, when it proceeded to Birr, and continued during 
 the rest of the year at that station. 
 
 Lieut. -General Sir Roger Hale SheafFe, Bart., was 
 appointed Colonel of the Thirty-sixth regiment on 
 the 21 St of December 1829, in succession to General 
 Sir George Don, G.C.B. and G.C.H., removed to the 
 Third foot, or the Buffs. 
 
 1830. In June 1830, the Thirty-sixth regiment pro- 
 ceeded from Birr to Fermoy, and was formed into six 
 service and four depot companies. The service com- 
 panies embarked at Cork on the lith, 13th, and 14th 
 of October for the West Indies. Tlie depot companies 
 remained at Fermoy for a short time, and were after- 
 wards stationed at Spike Island. 
 
 The service companies disembarked at Barbadocs on 
 the 20th, 21st, and 28th of November. 
 
 1831. The service companies suffered severely during the 
 great hurricane in Barbadoes In 1831, having eleven 
 men killed, and several severely injured. 
 
 The depot companies were removed from Spike 
 Island to Charles Fort, Kinsale, in October 1831, and 
 continued there during 1832. 
 1833. The service companies which had, since their 
 arrival in the West Indies, remained at Barbadoes, 
 were removed to Antigua in February 1833. The 
 depot companies proceeded from Charles T^^ort to Bal- 
 lincoUig in January 1833 ; to Cork in February ; to 
 Templemore in August, and to Nenagh in October 
 
 1834. 
 
 following. 
 During 
 
 the year 1834, the service companies re- 
 mained at Antigua. The depot companies were re- 
 •aoved in October from .Nenagh to Limerick. 
 
OR THE IIEIIEFOUDSIIIUE llEGIMENT OF FOOT. 99 
 
 III November 1835 the service compauies proceeded 1835. 
 from Antigua to St. Lucia. The depot companies 
 quitted Limerick for Gal way in May 1835, and 
 marched for Cork in June following, where they cm- 
 barked for Plymouth on the 14th of September ; 
 during the remainder of the year they were stationed 
 at Devonport. 
 
 During the year 1836, the service companies re-1836. 
 mained at St. Lucia, and the depot at Devonport. 
 
 In February 1837 the service companies proceededl837. 
 from St. Lucia to Barbadoes. 
 
 The depot companies were removed from Devonportl838. 
 to Kinsale in June 1838. 
 
 On the 10th of November 1838, the service com- 
 panies embarked at Barbadoes for Nova Scotia, and 
 arrived at Halifax on the 8 th of December. 
 
 The following extract of a letter to the Adjutant- 
 General from Lieut.-General Sir Samford Whitting- 
 ham, K.C.B., Commanding in the Windward and Lee- 
 ward Islands, is highly creditable to the Thibty-sixth 
 regiment, and is, therefore, here inserted. 
 
 " Head- Quarters, Barbadoes, 
 
 « l^th November 1838. 
 
 " The Thirty-sixth regiment was prepared to em- 
 bark in four and twenty hours after the arrival of 
 the ' Hercules,' but the embarkation was delayed, in 
 consequence of the captain reporting that he could 
 not be ready to receive the troops on board till 
 the 10th. 
 
 " I feel much pleasure in stating that the embark- 
 ation, the whole of which I witnessed, was conducted 
 in the most orderly and soldier-like manner, and I did 
 not perceive a single case of drunkenness. 
 " I have the honour to enclose copy of the farewell 
 Order I issued on the departure of this old and dis- 
 tinguished corps, as also an embarkation return of it, 
 
 G 2 
 
 
 <( 
 
 a 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 (C 
 
 a 
 
100 HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE THIRTY-SIXTH, 
 
 1838." and a disembarkation return of the Fifty-second 
 " regiment." 
 
 " Head- Quarters, Barhadoes, 
 
 « dth November 1838. 
 " General Order. 
 
 " The Thirty-sixth regiment being about to em- 
 " bark for Halifax, in obedience to the orders of tlic 
 " General Commanding-in-Chief, Sir Samford Whit- 
 " tingham takes this opportunity of congratulating 
 " Lieutenant-Colonel Maxwell, and the officers and 
 " non-commissioned officers of that vet .ran regiment, 
 " on the high state of efficiency in which 't will pvo- 
 " ceed to America, after a period of eight years' service 
 " in the "West Indies. 
 
 " The Lieutenant-Gcneral had great pleasure in wit- 
 " nessing, at his late inspection, the healthy appearance 
 " of the men, and their steadiness under arms. 
 
 " It is now upwards of thirty years since the Lieu- 
 " tenant-General had first the honour of serving with 
 " the TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment, then commanded by 
 " Lieutenant Colonel Burne ; and he has great pleasure 
 " in being able to state, that every succeeding campaign 
 *' has crowned with fresh laurels this truly gallant corps. 
 
 " The Lieut enant-General begs Lieutenant-Colonel 
 *' Maxwell will accept, and comnmnicate to the oflicers, 
 " non-commissioned officers, and men of the reffimont 
 " he so ably co'nmands, the expression of his best 
 " wishes for their health and happiness ; and his con- 
 " viction that the oftencr they are tried in the field 
 " of battle, the greater wil' be their accession of glory 
 " and honour. 
 
 *' By Command, 
 
 (Signed) " E. R. King, Copt.., 
 
 " D. A. A. G." 
 
 1839. In January 1839, the service companies proceeded to 
 New Brunswick, and were stationed during the rest of 
 the year at Fredericton. 
 
OR THE IIEREFOIIDSIIIRE REGIMENT OP FOOT. 101 
 
 The depot companies were removed from Kinsalc to 1839. 
 Tralee in April 1839 ; in November they proceeded to 
 Limerick, and in December to Nenagb. 
 
 During the year 1840 the service companies were 1840. 
 stationed at Fredericton in New Brunswick. 
 
 In May 1840, the depot companies proceeded from 
 Nenagh to Clare Castle. 
 
 The service companies were removed on the 7th of 1841. 
 July 1841, from Fredericton to St. John's, New Bruns- 
 wick. The depot companies continued at Clare Castle. 
 
 On the 29th of April 1842, the service companies 1842. 
 embarked at St. John's for Ireland, and arrived at Cork 
 on the 28th of May, where they were consolidated with 
 the depot companies. 
 
 In August the regiment proceeded from Cork to 
 Limerick. 
 
 The regiment was removed, in July 1843, from 1843. 
 Limerick to Dublin. 
 
 In July 1844, the regiment proceeded from Dublin 1844. 
 to Newry. 
 
 The regiment embarked at Newry for Great Dritainl84i). 
 on the 24th of April 1845; arrived at Whitehaven on 
 the 28th of that month; and proceeded to Newcastlc- 
 on-Tyne. 
 
 Colonel Archibald INIontgomery Maxwell, K.II., died 
 at Newcastle -on-Tyne on the 21st of May 1845, and 
 Major Charles A.-hmore was promoted Lieut.-Coloncl 
 of the TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment from the 22d of May. 
 Captain Edward R. King was promoted to the vacant 
 majority. 
 
 In 1846 the Tiiirty-sixtii regiment was augmented 1846, 
 
 to sixty-seven Serjeants, twenty-five drummers, and 
 
 twelve hundred rank and file. It was also ordered to 
 
 be formed into two battalions of six compani(;s each. 
 
 In May the regiment proceeded from Newcastle-on- 
 
 Tyne to Manchester, and in August it was removed to 
 
 Weedon, where on the 28th of November the regiment 
 
 G 3 
 
102 niSTOBICAL RECORD OF THE THTRTY-SIXTH. 
 
 1846. was divided into two battalions. While quartered at 
 Weedon the regiment received new colours, which were 
 presented by Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Arbuth- 
 not, K.C.B., commanding the northern and midland 
 districts of South Britain. 
 
 1847. The first battalion of the Thirty-sixth regiment, 
 under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Charles Ashmore, 
 embarked at Gosport in Her Majesty's troop ship " Re- 
 sistance " for the Ionian Islands, on the 6th of January 
 1847 ; the reserve battalion, under the command of 
 Lieut.-Colonel Charles Trollope, who had been pro- 
 moted to that rank on the augmentation of the regiment, 
 also embarked at Gosport for the Mediterranean, on the 
 2d of that month, in the " Vengeance " ship of war. 
 
 The head-quarters and three companies of tlie first 
 battalion disembarked at Argostoli, in the island of 
 Cephalonia, on the 8 th of February. Two companies 
 were detached to the island of Zante, and one to Ithaca. 
 
 The reserve battalion disembarked at Corfu on the 
 31st of January. 
 
 The depot of the Thirty-sixth regiment formed 
 part of the depot battalion at the Isle of Wight, on the 
 embarkation of the two battalions for for '-rn service. 
 
 1848. The detachment of the first battalion at Zante pro- 
 ceeded from thence on the 6th of May 1848, leaving 
 one field officer, one captain, two subalterns, four Ser- 
 jeants, and ninety-six rank and file with the head- 
 quarters at Cephalonia, the remainder proceeding to 
 Corfu. The detachment at Ccrigo was moved from 
 thence to Corfu on the 13th of May 1848. The head- 
 quarters and five companies of the first battalion pro- 
 ceeded from Cephalonia to Corfu on the 3d of August. 
 
 One company of the reserve battalion was detached' 
 at Vido from the 24th of March to the 19th of July 
 1848, and on'^ company at Ithaca from the 15th of 
 July to the 5th of October 1848. The reserve battalion 
 proceeded from Corfu to Cephalonia on the 2d of 
 
oil THE HEKEFOIlDSHIllE REGIMENT OF TOOT. 103 
 
 August 1848. On the 26th of September an attack 1848. 
 was made on the town of Argostoli by several hundred 
 armed Villani, which was repelled by Serjeant Luke 
 Dunn and twelve men of the battalion, the resident's 
 guard on that morning, with the loss of two killed and 
 two wounded. Privates Daniel McNamara and William 
 Elsom killed ; privates Thomas Fox and James Lidwell 
 wounded ; several others received shots through their 
 caps, clothing, &c. 
 
 On the same day a detachment of fifty men, under 
 Major Lorenzo Rothe, Captain James Nugent, and 
 Lieutenant Rickard Lloyd, succeeded in saving the 
 public records at Lixuri, as they were on the point of 
 being destroyed by a party of insurgents, who fired on, 
 and slightly wounded, two soldiers ; the detachment 
 returned the fire, wounded some of the insurgents, 
 and drove them from the town. 
 
 The reserve battalion was engaged for ten or twelve 
 days and nights in guarding the towns of Argostoli and 
 Lixuri, during which period the sentries and guards 
 were repeatedly fired upon and otherwise annoyed by 
 the insurgents. A party under Ensign Bernard Robert 
 Shaw succeeded in capturing Cappoletto, one of the 
 principal rebels, for whose arrest a reward of fifteen 
 hundred dollars had been offered. Detachments of 
 fifty men, each under Captain Alexander McGeachy 
 Alley ne and Ensign George Massy Robins, and Lieu- 
 tenant Cecil Rivers and Ensign John Edmund Harvey, 
 were sent to the southern part of the Island to scour 
 the district of Seal a. 
 
 Two companies of the first battalion, consisting of 1849. 
 one captain, four subalterns, six Serjeants, two drummers, 
 and one hundred and fifty rank and file, under the 
 command of Major Edward R. King, proceeded to 
 Cephalonla on the 30th of Augur*t 1849, for the pur- 
 pose of suppressing an Insurrection in that island, and 
 returned to Corfu on the 17th of November following. 
 
 (1 4 
 
101 lIISTOniCAL RECORD OF THE TIIIRTY-SIXTU, 
 
 181}). Two compnnioa of the roscrvc battalion, under 
 Captain Charlrs AVilson Garden, were, in February, 
 employed in aid of tlic civil power at St. Gcrasinio for 
 tlic purjio.-c of enforcing payment of the fines inflicted 
 on the villai^es concerned in the insurrection of the 26th 
 of September of tlic previous year ; this party returned 
 to head-quarters on the 26tli of February. A company 
 luider Captain James Nuj^cnt likewise proceeded to St. 
 Gerasimo in May 1849 in aid of the civil power, and 
 to assist in pursuit of banditti; it rejoined the head- 
 quarters in August. A company under Captain John 
 Pratt proceeded in May to Scala in aid of the civil 
 power, and to assist in enforcing the embargo, and 
 rejoined the head-quarters on the 22d of June. 
 
 A company of the reserve battalion under Captain 
 Henry J. Coote was detached to Sissi on the 29th of 
 August in aid of the civil power, and ^^a^ subsequently 
 employed in very arduous services under the procla- 
 mation of martial law, which lasted from the 31st of 
 August to the 27th of October 1849, and in suppressing 
 the outbreak in Cephalonin. Privates Taylor and Green 
 of this company were wounded in a skirmish with the 
 insurgents. A company under Lieutenant Kickard 
 Lloyd proceeded in September to Sissi to reinforce the 
 detachment under Captain Coote, and after serving in 
 conjunction therewith, returned to head-quarters with 
 it on the loth of October. One company under 
 Captain Nugent proceeded to Faraelata on the IGth of 
 September, and assisted in the i)ursuit of the outlawed 
 rebels; a portion of this detachment, under Ensign 
 Alfred Macdonald, was employed as a flying column, 
 and scoured the country in chase of the three outlawed 
 rebel chiefs for twenty-three days, during the whole of 
 which time it was subjected to the most fatiguing 
 marches and labour. The reserve battalion during the 
 period of martial law from the 31st of August to the 
 27th of October 1849, which was administered bv 
 
on THE nEUKFOnDSIIIlJE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 105 
 
 Lieut.-Coloncl Trollopo, was frequently employed in 1849. 
 pursuit of rebels (parties, viuyino- fVoni forty to a hun- 
 dred, bein<jj despatched into the country for this purpose) 
 in disarming turbulent and refracto)-y villages, and iu 
 guarding the town of Argostoli, the men having very 
 seldom more than ono night iu bed. 
 
 In April 1850 it wa.: directed that the regiment 1850. 
 should be reduced to a thousand rank and file; tlie 
 reserve battalion at Cephalonia Avas iu conserpicnce 
 l)roken up, and consolidated with the first battalion at 
 Corfu, where the regiment was stationed during this 
 year. 
 
 In March 1851, four companies embarked at Ce])ha"1851. 
 Ionia for Engla.id for the purpose of forming the depot, 
 which was afterwards stationed at the Isle of Wiirht. 
 under the command of Lieut.- Colonel Trollope. 
 
 The service companies, under the command of Licut.- 
 Colonel Ashmorc, embarked at Corfu for the ^\^est 
 Indies on the 21st of March 1851 in the freight ship 
 " Java," and arrived at Barbadoes on the 16th of May 
 following, where they were stationed during the re- 
 mainder of the year. 
 
 Major-General the Lord Frederick KtzClarence, 
 G.C.H., Avas appointed Colonel of the Tiiiuty-sixtii 
 regiment on the 23d of July 1851, in succession to 
 General Sir iioger Hale Sheaffe, Bart., deceased. 
 
 In May 1852 the service companies were removed 1852. 
 from Barbadoes to Trinidad. 
 
 The depot companies proceeded in April 1852 from 
 Parkhurst to Fort Pembroke Dock. 
 
 On the 31st of December 1852, the date to which 
 this record has been brought, the service companies 
 continued to be stationed at Trinidad, and the depot 
 companies at Fort Pembroke Dock. 
 
 1852. 
 
;\'OTE. — The Cowpi/cr of the Reffimcutal Records 
 feels if his dnti/ to achnowledfie the assistance which he 
 has received in the completion of the History (f the 
 TlllRTY-SlXTri, and certain other Regiments, from 
 Mr. Thomas Carter, tf the Adjntant-GeneraTs Office, 
 wlio, by much lalxrnr and research, has endeavoured to 
 supply the deficiencies in the inanuscript narratives trans- 
 mitted by Reyiments, particularly in the details of their 
 earlier services. 
 
TmiRTY SflXTB IRlEaMlI^T. 
 
 Tor Ciiuion'6 MihUrj "Records 
 
•^'^mmmmmmm 
 
 '■ y wiw « ig? wi i; »i ff a,rBgy.^ 'f Hi'.'i '. i M »i«!wwiwffPfPBiW|W! 
 
107 
 
 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS 
 
 T II E T II I KT V-SlXTll, 
 
 on THE 
 
 HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 William Viscount Chahlemont. 
 Appointed 28th June 1701. 
 William Caulfeild, tlic second Viscount Cluirlcmont, 
 for his services in the cause of Iviiij,' William III., was re- 
 warded by a regiment of infantry. His Mnjesty also mu«lo 
 him Governor and Gustos Rotulorum of the counties of 
 Tyrone and Armagh, and Governor of the fort of Gluule- 
 mont. Several regiments of infantry being ordered to bo 
 disbanded in 1697, and his Lordship's regiment being one 
 of them, His Majesty, in consideration of liis faithful services, 
 directed the sum of eight shillings per day to be paid him 
 as half-pay, and on the 28th of June 1701, His Majesty again 
 appointed him to the command of a newly raised corps, 
 which is now the Tuiuty-sixth regiment. On the 2oth of 
 August 1704, his Lordship was promoted to the rank of 
 Brigadier-General, and in the following year was called 
 upon to serve in Spain under Charles, Earl of Peterborough. 
 Lord Charlemont rendered important services at the siege of 
 Barcelona ; and at the attack of Fort Montjuich on the J 4th 
 of September 1705, his Lordship marched into the works, at 
 the head of his men, and was near the Prince of Ilesse 
 Darmstadt when he received the wound which terminated 
 T.xortally. After the action Lord Gliarlemont, and Lieut.- 
 Golonel Southwell of the Sixth foot, were presented to the 
 King of Spain as officers that liad performed signal service 
 on that occasion, for which tl y received th(! tlianks of that 
 Sovereign. The taking of th's fort paved the way for 
 
 m 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
108 
 
 TnTRTY-SIXTII KEGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 reduoinp: Barcelona, wliich suiTcndered on the 9th of October 
 1705. His Lordship was subsequently removed from the 
 TiiiKTV-siXTii regiment, by the Earl of Peterborough, and, 
 in justice to his character and feelings, preferred a compfaint 
 to Her Majesty Queen Anne against his fornn r Commander; 
 this Avas referred to a Couneil of General Officers, -who, after 
 several meetings, at Avhich -witnesses were heard on both 
 sides, made two satisfactoryreports to Her Majesty, copies 
 of which arc inserted at the end of this memoir. On the 1st 
 of January 1707 Queen Anne advanced him to the rank of 
 IMnjor-General, and he was honoured with the confiderjc of 
 Her INInjesty, as had been Ihc case with King William HI., 
 both as a Peer, and in his military capacity. In May 1V09, 
 his Lordship was one of the comniittc:' appointed to draw 
 up an address of condolence to Her M;ijcsty on the decease 
 of Her Koyal Consort Prince George of Denmark, and ako 
 to congratulate the Queen on the success of her arms. 
 
 In May 1726, his Lordship was sworn of the Privy 
 Council to King George I., and after having enjoyed the 
 peerage upwards ctf fil'ty-five years, and being reputc:d the 
 oldest nobh'man in the Kingdom, he died on the 2 1st of July 
 172G, and was buried at Armagh. 
 
 The following are copies of the Reports of the General 
 Ofliecrs concerning the difference between the Earl of Peter- 
 borough and discount Charlcmont, alluded to in the foregoing 
 jNIemoir. 
 " May il please your Majesty, 
 
 *■ We, the General OfUeers of the Army, in obedience 
 " to youi Majesty's comniands, have examined into the 
 " ^Memorial of the Lord Viscount Clmrlemont, complaining of 
 " hardships received from the Earl oi' Pctcrborougii, in Spain, 
 " in relation to his regiment, from which he alleged he had 
 " been removed upon a pretended order from your Majt3ty ; 
 " and having fully heard what their Lordshii)S had severally 
 " to orter therewith witli witnesses, and other testimony, as 
 " Avcre produced on both sides, on due debate and con- 
 '• sideration of the Avhole, we are humbly of ojdnion, — 
 
 " That it appears to this Board, that a pretended Order 
 *' from the Queen was made use of, to induce the Lord 
 
 wp|i|jiWB»;g)i!PgM»i»ijgigfiLni 
 
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. 
 
 109 
 
 per 
 
 ihc 
 
 '1, 
 
 lint 
 
 It; 
 
 " Charlemont to part witli liis regiment ; and that there 
 " have been indirect means used for the doing it. 
 
 " Tiiat it likewi.se appears to the Board, tliat the Earl of 
 " Peterborough has not done anytliiiig irregtdar to eoinpel 
 " the Lord Charlemont to part with his regiment. All 
 " which is most humbly subjnitted to your Majesty this 12th 
 " day of February 1707-8. 
 
 '* (Signed)' 
 
 William Stewart. 
 
 Portraorc. 
 
 Richard Ingoldsby. 
 
 Charles Ross, 
 
 William Seymour. 
 
 Argyle. 
 
 Shannon. 
 
 Francis Palmes. 
 
 SciiOMBKiiG, President. 
 Mohun. 
 
 Richard Teniple. 
 Thomas Pulteney. 
 r>arth()l. Ogilvy, 
 Tliom. Crowther. 
 Kellinu. 
 Tatton." 
 
 " iViay it please your Majesty, 
 
 " In obedience to your Majesty's command, referring 
 " to the General Ollicers of the Army a Petition of the Lord 
 " Viscount Charlemont, praying his conduct at the Fort of 
 " Montjidch may be examined into, as to which ho lay under 
 " some reflections ; the General Othcers have met, and heard 
 " .several witnesses produced on that occasion; anddotliere- 
 ** upon humbly report to your Majesty, that they find as 
 " followeth : — 
 
 " That the Lord Charlemont was at the attack of the 
 " Fort oi- Montjidch, and marched into the Avorks at the 
 " head of his men, and was near the Prince of IIe;:So when 
 " he Avas killed ; and continued doing his duty during the 
 " heat of the .iction. 
 
 *' That toward the end of the said action, a panic fear 
 " took the troops, to which the Lord Charlemont no way 
 " contributed ; but the contrary, his Lordsliii) having en- 
 *' deavoured, both by himself and other OlFicers, to put a 
 " stop to the disorder. 
 
 " That when the action was over, after the Lord Charle- 
 *« mont had been first relieved by Brigadier Gorges, tlu; Earl 
 " of Peterborough took his Lurdshi|) and Colonel Southwell, 
 " and presented them to the King of Spain, as OHiecrs tliat 
 "had done His Majesty signal service in that action ; for 
 " which they both received His Majesty's thanks. 
 
110 
 
 TIIIRTY-SrXTH REGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 " That by the disposition of the attack of the breach of 
 the town of Barcelona, as the same is attested by the Earl 
 of Peterborough's secretary, the Lord Charlemont was 
 commanded, with the First brigade, for that attack. 
 " The General Officers do also take leave to observe to 
 your Majesty, that it does not appear to them, that any 
 General Officer refused rolling with the Lord Charlemont ; 
 but that they did their duty with him as before. Which is 
 most humbly submitted to your Majesty, this 24th of 
 March 1707-8. 
 
 " (Signed) 
 Richard Ingoldsby. 
 Thomas Farrington. 
 Robert Ecklin. 
 Stairs. 
 
 TxRAWLET, President. 
 Richard Temple. 
 Sherrington Davenport. 
 Bartholomew Ogilvy. 
 
 m 
 
 Tno5iAs Alnuxt. 
 Appointed 10th May 1706. 
 Upon Viscount Charlemont's raising the corps which is 
 now numbered the Tiiiutt-sexth, this officer was appointed 
 to a company in the regiment ; and he embarked with it in 
 the expedition against Cadiz in 1702. Captain Alnutt sub- 
 sequently proceeded with the regiment to the West Indies ; 
 and in 1704 returned with it to Ireland. His services ar ) 
 also connected with the expedition to Spain under the Earl 
 of Peterborough in 1705, the siege of Barcelona in the same 
 year, and its gallant and successful defence against King 
 Philip in 1706. Lieut. -Colonel Alnutt, to which rank he 
 had been advanced at this period, was appointed Colonel of 
 the Thiuty-sixtu regiment on the 10th of ^lay 1706, in 
 succession to the Viscount Charlemont. At the Battle of 
 Ahnanza on tlie 25th of April 1707, Colonel Alnutt was 
 woi nded and taken prisoner. His decease occurred on the 
 7i:-of May 1708. 
 
 AUCHIBALD, EaUL OF IlAV, 
 
 afterwards 
 
 Duke of Augyle. 
 
 Appointed 23d March 1709. 
 
 Archibald, third Duke of Argyle, Avas born at Ham, in 
 
 Surrey, in June 1682, and resided in England until he was 
 
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. 
 
 Ill 
 
 ke to 
 
 any 
 
 kont; 
 
 [ch is 
 
 h of 
 
 about seventeen years of age, when ho was sent to the Uni- 
 versity of Glasgow. From thence ho went to Utrecht, and 
 made considerable advancement in the study of civil law, 
 intending to practise in that profession. Upon his father's 
 advancement *o the Dukedom of Argyle on the 23d of June 
 1701, his son Archibald embraced a military life, and served 
 under the Duke of Marlborough. 
 
 In 1705 he was constituted Lord High Treasurer of 
 Scotland, and in the Parliament of that j'^ear, in which his 
 brother John, who had succeeded his fa*^^her as Duke of 
 Argyle two years previously, presided as Lord High Com- 
 missioner, he sat and voted as such upon the Queen's letter ; 
 he was nominated one of the Commissioners for the Treaty 
 of Union in 1706, and on the 19th of October of that year 
 was created by patent, dated at Kensington, Earl and Vis- 
 count of Hay, Lord Oransay, Dunoon, and Arrase. This 
 nobleman was one of the sixteen representatives of the 
 Scottish peerage, chosen by Parliament on the 13th of 
 February 1707, and was re-chosen at every general elec- 
 tion until his decease, with the single exception of the last 
 Parliament of Queen Anne's reign. 
 
 The Earl of Hay, upon his brother's resignation, Avas, on 
 the 1st of June 1708, sworn and admitted one of the extra- 
 ordinary Lords of Session, being, says Fountainhall, " the 
 best school of law for the nobility to learn that is in Europe." 
 On the 23d of March 1709 Her Majesty Queen Anm; ap- 
 pointed the Earl of Hay to be Colonel of the Tiiiutv-sixtii 
 regiment. The governorship of Dumbarton Castle was also 
 conferred upon his Lordship. 
 
 Finding that a statesman's career was more congenial to 
 his taste than the military profession, he quitted the army 
 and resigned the colonelcy of the Thiuxv-sixtii regiment 
 in 1710. With his accustomed assiduity his Lordship 
 employed himself in the acquisition of political knowledge. 
 In 1710 he was appointed Lord Justice Geueval of Scothmd, 
 and was sworn a Privy Councillor in the following year. 
 Upon the accession of George I. the Earl of Hay was con- 
 stituted Lord Clerk Register ; and on the breaking out of 
 the rebellion in 1715 he again betook himself to arms in 
 defence of the reigning ^^mily. By his prudent conduct 
 in the Western Highlands he prevented General Gordon 
 
 
112 
 
 THIRTY-SIXTH liEGIMENT OP FOOT. 
 
 at the head of three thousand men, from penetrating into 
 the country and raising levies. lie joined his brother the 
 Duke of Argyle on the 13th of November 1715, half an 
 liour before the battle of Sheriffmuir, where he was wounded. 
 
 In 1725 this nobleman received the office of Keeper of 
 the Privy Seal, and in December 1733 his Lordship was 
 appointed Keeper of the Great Seal. Upon the decease 
 of his brolher, in 1743, the Earl of Hay became third Duke 
 of Argyle, and Hereditary Justiciary of Argyleshire and the 
 Westcin Islands. After the suppi'ession of the rebellion in 
 174fi, he caiTied into effect the judicious plan of employing 
 the Highlanders in the Royal army, which had been sug- 
 gested by the Kight Honourable "William Pitt, afterwards 
 the Eai'l of Chatham. 
 
 The Duke of Argyle continued at the head of affairs in 
 Scotland, in full possession of his mental faculties, until his 
 death, which happened in London, without a moment's pain, 
 as he was sitting in his chair at dinner, on the i5tii of April 
 1761, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. On this noble- 
 man's decease the title of Earl of Hay became extinct ; his 
 other titles and estates in Scotland descended to his cousin, 
 Lieut. -General John Campbell of Mamore, Colonel of tiic 
 Second dragoons, or Scots Greys. 
 
 Henry Dksaulnais. 
 
 Appointed 23d October 1710. 
 
 Upon the resignation of Colonel the Earl of Hay, Lieut.- 
 Colonel Henry Desaulnais (afterwards spelt Desney) was 
 ])ronH)ted from the Coldstream guards to the Colonelcy of 
 the TiiiUTY-siXTii regiment on the 23(1 of October 1710. 
 In the following year lie served witli his regiment in the 
 expedition against Quebec, and on the 25th of December 
 1725 this oHicer was appointeil Colonel of the Twenty-ninth 
 regiment. He died on the 21st of November 1731. 
 
 William Egerton. 
 
 Appointed llth July 1715. 
 
 Tins officer served with reputation in the wars of King 
 William III. and of Queen Anne. lie was promoted to the 
 
nto 
 
 the 
 an 
 ihI. 
 rof 
 was 
 
 nns 
 
 SUCCESSION OP COLONELS. 
 
 113 
 
 rank of Colonel in November 1711, appointed Colonel oC 
 the Thirty-sixth regiment on the 11th of July 1715, and 
 on the 6th of July 1719 was removed to the Twentieth 
 regiment, whieh eorps he commanded until his decease on 
 the 15th of July 1732. 
 
 Sill Charles Hotham, Bart. 
 
 Appointed 7th Jttly 1719. 
 
 Charles Hotham, eldest son of the Reverend Charles 
 Hotham, rector of Wigan, succeeded to the baronetcy on the 
 decease of his uncle in 1691. He served with distinction 
 in the wars of King William HI., and also under the great 
 Duke of Marlborough in the reign of Queen Anne. In 
 1705 he obtained the colonelcy of a regiment of infantry, 
 with which he proceeded to Spain in 1706, and was in 
 garrison at Alicant when the unfortunate battle of Almansia 
 was fought. Sir Charles Hotham served with reputation 
 during the remainder of tlie war ; but his regiment, luiving 
 suffered severely in the defence of several fortified towns, 
 was disbanded in Catalonia in 1708. He was api)ointed 
 Brigadier-General on tlie 1st of January 1710, and shortly 
 after the accession of King George I. he was eomniisHioned 
 to raise a regiment of infantry, which, after the suppression 
 of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar in 1716, was sent to 
 Ireland, and disbanded in the following year. Sir Charles 
 Hotham was afterwards appointed Colonel of a newly raised 
 regiment of dragoons, which was disbanded in November 
 1718. 
 
 On the 7th of July 1719, the colonelcy jf the TiruiTl'- 
 siXTii regiment was conferred on Sir Charles Hotham ; ho 
 was removed to the Eighth or King's regiment of foot in 
 December 1720, and in April following to the Royal dragoons. 
 His decease occurred on the 8th of January 1723. 
 
 John Pocock. 
 Appointed 2d December 1720. 
 
 Tins officer obtained a commission in a i-egiinont of 
 infantry in June 1695 ; and liaving signalized liimsdf in 
 the wars of Queen Anno, lie was promoted to tlio rank of 
 Colonel in the army in 1707. In 1710, he succeeded 
 
 B 
 
114 
 
 THIUTY-SIXTII KEGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 William Lord Strathnaver in the colonelcy of a regiment of 
 infantry, with which ho served in Flanders under the cele- 
 brated Duke oi' Marlborough, and afterwards under the 
 Duke of Ormond. At the peace of Uticciit his regiment 
 was disbanded ; and in 1715 he was commissioned to raise 
 a regiment of foot for the service of King George I. After 
 the suppression of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar, this 
 regiment was sent to Ireland, where it was disbanded in 
 1718 ; and on the 2d of December 1720, he was appointed 
 to the colonelcy of the Thirty-sixth regiment, from which 
 he was removed in April 1721 to the Eighth or King's 
 regiment. On the expectation that Great Britain would 
 become involved in a continental war, in 1727, he was pro- 
 moted to the rank of Brigadier-General. He died in April 
 1732, at his house in Leicester Fields, London. 
 
 Charles Lenob. 
 Appointed 21st April 1721. 
 
 Chakles Lenoe entered the army in the reign of Queen 
 Anne, his first commission bearing date the 4th of December 
 1704 ; he served under the Duke of Marlborough, and on 
 the 21st of April 1721, Lieut.-Colonel Lenoe was promoted 
 from the Coldstream guards to be Colonel of the Thirty- 
 sixth regiment, from which he was removed to the Eighth 
 or King's regiment on the 8th of May 1732, the colonelcy 
 of which he retained until L^s decease in December 1738. 
 
 John Moyle. 
 Appointed 14th Ma^ 17S2. 
 This officer entered the army in the reign of Queen Anne, 
 and served with reputation under the celebrated John Duke 
 of Marlborough ; he rose to the lieut. -colonelcy of a newly 
 raised regiment of infantry, and in 1708 was promoted to 
 the rank of Colonel in the army. At the peace of Utrecht 
 in 1713, his regiment was disbanded. Colonel Moyle was 
 advanced to the rank of Brigadier-General on the 13th of 
 March 1727. On the 14th of May 1732, King George IT. 
 conferred the colonelcy of the Thhity- sixth regiment on 
 Brigadier-Genoial Moyle, who was promoted to the rank of 
 Major-General on the 5th of November 1735. In June 
 
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. 
 
 115 
 
 of 
 
 lle- 
 Ithc 
 lent 
 
 ig's 
 >ul(l 
 
 1737, he WU9 rcinovt'd to tlic Twenty -second regiment. 
 Major-General Moylc died on the 3d of November 1738. 
 
 HUMl'HnEY Ulani). 
 Appointed 27th June 1737. 
 Humphrey Bland served in several campaigns on the 
 continent under the famous John Duke of Marlborough, as 
 a Lieutenant and Captain of horse. He afterwards served 
 as Lieut.-Colonel in Spain, and on the 27th of July 1710 
 was wounded at tlie battle of Almanara. In 1715, when a 
 number of new corps were rais(,'d, King George I. appointed 
 him Lieut.-Colonel of the Eleventli dragoons, and he was 
 instrumental with his regiment in suppressing the rebellion 
 which broke out in Scothmd towards the end of that year ; 
 he Avas afterwards appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the Second 
 horse, now First Dragoon guards, and having distinguished 
 himself as an efficient and loyal officer, he was on the 27th 
 of fJune 1737, promoted to the colonelcy of the Tuikty- 
 siXTH regiment, from which he was removed, in 1741, to 
 the Thirteenth dragoons, and two years afterwards to the 
 Thix'd or King's Own dragoons. Tie had liis horse shot 
 under him at the batth; of Dettingen on the 27th of June 
 1743 -, on the 30th of March 174.5, he Avas promoted to the 
 rank of Major-General ; he displayed gi-eat gallantry at the 
 battle of Fontenoy on the 1 1th of May following, and highly 
 distinguished himself in the battle of Cullodeu on the 16th 
 of April 1746 ; he was advanced to the rank of Lieut.- 
 General on the 12th of September 1747. In July 175P he 
 was removed to the First Dragoon guards, the colonelcy of 
 Avhich regiment he retained until his decease in 1763. 
 
 James Fleming. 
 Appointed 9th January 1741. 
 LiEUT.-CoLONEL Jamcs Fleming was promoted from the 
 Seventh Royal fusiliers to tlie colonelcy of the Tiiiuty-sixth 
 regiment on the 9th of January 1741. He Avas advanced 
 totlu^rank of Brigadier-General in June 1745, and Avas 
 present in the action at Falkirk on the 17th of January 
 1746, and also at the battle of CuUoden on the 16th of April 
 foUoAving. He was promoted to the rank of Major-General 
 on the 2d of September 1747. He died in March 1751. 
 
 H 2 
 
•l! 
 
 116 
 
 TIIlftTY-SIXTU REGIMENT OF FOOT. 
 
 Loud Roheut Manneus. 
 
 Appointed 13//* March 1751. 
 
 Loitu KouEUT ^Iaxneks, son of John, second Duke of 
 Rutland, choosing a military life, purchased an ensigncy in 
 the Coldstream guards, on the 2Gth of July 1735 ; was 
 appointed Lieutenant in May 1740, and Captain and Lieut. - 
 Colonel in the First Foot guards on the 22nd of April 1742. 
 Li December 1747, he was promoted to the j-ank of Colonel 
 and appointed Ai(' -de-camp to King George II. ; on the 13th 
 of March 1751 hi Lordshi]) was appointed by His Majesty to 
 tlie colonelcy of he Tiiiuty-sixtii regiment. The rank of 
 Major-General was conferred upon Lord Robert Manners on 
 tlie 7th of February 1757, and his Lordship was advanced to 
 the rank of Lieutenf\nt-General on the 7th of April 1759 ; in 
 1765 he was removed to the Third Dragoon guards, and was 
 promoted to the rank of General on the 25th of May 1772. 
 llis decease occurred on the 31st of May 17S2. 
 
 Sir Riciiaud Piersok, K.B. 
 Appointed Wth September 1765. 
 Riciiaud Pieusox was for many years an officer in the 
 First Foot guards, in which regiment he was appointed 
 Major, with the rank of Colonel in tlie army, on the 21sf. of 
 July 1760. On the 10th of July 1762, he was promoted to 
 the rank of Mnjor-General, and on the 5th of Sejjtember 
 1764 he Avas appointed Colonel of the Sixty-third regiment, 
 fnmi which he was removed on the lltli of September 1765 
 to th(! Thiutt-sixtii regiment. In 1772 lie was promoted 
 to the rank of Lieut. -General, and was also honoured with 
 the dignity of a Knight of the Bath; and on the 27th of 
 November 1778, Sir Richard Pierson Avas removed to the 
 Thirteentli dragoons. He was taken suddenly ill on his 
 velurn from the theatre on the night of the 12tli of Feb- 
 ruary 1781, and died before the following morning. 
 
 The IIonouuable IIenuy St. Joiix. 
 
 Appointed 27th November 1778. 
 
 The HoNOUUAr.i.E Henry St. Joiix, brother of Viscount 
 
 Bolingbroke, entered the army as Ensign in the Coldstream 
 
 regiment of Foot guards, his commission being dated 31st of 
 
SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. 
 
 117 
 
 of 
 
 in 
 
 :as 
 
 it.- 
 
 to 
 
 of 
 
 oil 
 
 December 17<)4, from which ho was promoted on the 12th 
 of January 1758 to the rank of Captain in the Eighteenth, 
 Royal Irish regiment, then stationed in Ireland. Contain 
 the Honourable Henry St. John was advanced to the rank 
 of Major in the Ninety-first regiment on tlie 12th of January 
 1760, in which he was promoted Lieut. -Colonel on the 13th 
 of February 1762, and on the corps being disbanded at the 
 Peace of 1763 he was placed on half pay. On the 9th of 
 November 1767, Licut.-Colonel the Honourable Henry St. 
 John was appointed to the Sixty-seventli regiment then in 
 garrison at Minorca. He received the brevet rank ot 
 Colonel on the 11th of January 1776, and Avas appointed 
 by His Majesty King George III. to be Colonel of the 
 TiiJUTY-siXTii regiment on the 27tli of November 1778. 
 
 Colonel the Honourable Henry St. «Ti)hn was advanced to 
 the rank of Major-Gencral on the 19th of February 1779, to 
 thiit of Lieut.-Gem-ral on the 28th of September 1787, and 
 to that of General on the 16th of January 1797. His decease 
 occurred in April 1818, at Avhich period he retained the 
 colonelcy of the Thikty-sixtu regiment, which he had held 
 for upwards of thirty-nine years. 
 
 Sin Gkoium: Don, G.C.B. and G.C.H. 
 Appointed Ath April 1818. 
 Tins officer entered the army in 1770, as Ensign in the 
 Fifty-first foot; in 1784 he was promoted INIajor of the Fifty- 
 ninth regiment, and in April 1789 was appointed Lieut.- 
 Colonel of the same corps. IlcAvas advanced to the rank of 
 Colonel in 1795, and was appointed Aide-de-camp to His 
 Majesty King George III. in 1797. 
 
 In 1798 Colonel Don was promoted to the rank of Major- 
 General ; in the succeeding year he was appointed Colonel 
 of the Seventh West India regimen, (afterwards disbanded), 
 and was removed to the Ninety-sixth regiment in 1805. 
 He was also promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Gencral, and 
 proceeded with the expedition to Hanover in the same year. 
 In 1814 he was promoted to the rank of General, and 
 appointed Lieutenant-(Jovornor of Gibraltar. On the 24th 
 of January 1819, the Ninety-fifth (formerly Ninety-sixth) 
 regiment was disbanded, previously to which he Avas, on 
 the 4th of April 1818, removed therefrom to the Tiiirty- 
 
 II 3 
 
M i 
 
 ■ m 
 
 
 118 
 
 rnrnTr-HTXTiT nKoiMFNT op foot 
 
 SIXTH n'^'imoiit. Gcnovjil Don was noiiiiiuited ii Knight 
 (iruiul C'nw.s ol' the Order of tlio Bath on tho 2()lh of May 
 1820, and on the 21.st of December 1829 -was appointed 
 Col(»ncl of the Tlii -d toot or the But!rt. IIo was appointed 
 riovcrnor of Searborougii Ca.stle in 1831, and dijd at 
 Gibi'altar on the 1st of January 1882. 
 
 
 m 
 
 Sir Roe.ER Halk Sheaffe, Bart. 
 
 Appointed 2\ St Dcremher 1829. 
 
 Tnis offlcor conunencco hi.s military career as ensign in the 
 Fifth fusiliers, his conimissiou being dated 1st of May 1778, 
 in which regiment he rose to the rank of lientenani on the 
 27th of December 17S(» Lieutenant Sheatrc served iu Ire- 
 land from January IT il to Ma^ 1787, and in Canadp from 
 July following to Septeml)er 1797. In 1794 lie was em- 
 ploye<l under the oncers of Lord Dorchestfr, and with 
 instructions from Lieut.-Governor Simcoe, on a public 
 mission to protest against certain settlements made hv the 
 Americans on the south shore of Lake Ontari'). On tho 
 5th of May 179o, he wa? promoted to the rank of Captain 
 in the Fifth fusiliers, and on the i;Uh of December 1797 
 wasT promoted Major in the Eiglity-fi''st regiment, and was 
 advanced to the rank of Ldeut.-Colonel of the Forty-ninth 
 regiment on the 22d of March 1798. 
 
 Lieut.-Colonv'l SheafFe sewed in Holland from August to 
 November 1799 ; in the BaMc from INIarch to July 1801 ; 
 and in Canada from September 1802 to October 1811. On 
 the 25th of April 1808, he received the brevet rank of 
 Colonel, and on the 4th of June 1811 was advanced to the 
 rink of Major-General. lie again served in Canada from 
 the 29th of July 1812 to November 1813. The Americans 
 having invaded Upper Canada at Quecmstown on the 13th 
 of October 1812, and General Brock, commanding in tho 
 province, having fallen in a gallant effort with an indepen- 
 dent force to ( pposo them, Major-General Sheaffe, on whom 
 the command de^ olved, assembled some regular troops and 
 militia, with a few Indians, and the same day attacked 
 them in a woody height, which they occupied above the 
 town, and completely defeated tliem, though far exceeding 
 his own followers in number, their Commander delivering 
 his sword, and surrendering his surviving troops on the 
 field of battle. 
 
SUCCESSION OF COLONKLS. 
 
 119 
 
 Tn iu^kni)\vlc(l;^ni('iit of this iiiipiutant servico, Majo**- 
 (Jcncnil Slicart*' was crcndMl n Maruiict hy I'sitcnt, dat'tl 
 16th January 1813. Sir R()fj;cr Shcari'c iIcfV-iKU'd the town 
 of York (now callcfl Toronto), in Upper Canada, on tho 
 27th of April 1H13, when it wasattackt'(l by the Americana, 
 whoso loss exccodcd tho number of those opposed to them. 
 Ho continued to conunand in tho Upper Province, and to 
 administer its government, until June 1813 ; on quitting 
 it ho received, from tho resident members of tiic Executive 
 Council, an address expiessing their sense of "that display 
 " of candour, justice, and impartiality wiiich had marked his 
 " administration, and the urbanity and confidence of his 
 " official intercourse." They furtlier acknowledged their 
 conviction that they owed tho salvation of the whole pro- 
 vince to his military talents on tho memorable day when 
 he succeeded to tho command. He was appointed to tae 
 Staff' of Great Britain on tho 25th of March 1814 ; but 
 the appointment was recalled and deferred, in consequence 
 of the change of affairs in Europe. 
 
 Major- General Sir Roger Shcaffb was promoted to tho 
 rank of Lieut.-Gcnoral on tho 19th of July 1821, and on 
 the 2l8t of December 1829 was appointed by His Majesty 
 King George IV. to be Colonel of the Tiimxy-siXTii rt-gi- 
 ment. He was advanced to tho rank of General on the 
 28th of June 1838. General Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Bart., 
 died at Edinburgh, aged eighty-eight years, on the 17th of 
 July 1851. 
 
 Lord Fredkrick FitzClarence, G.C.H. 
 Appointed 23d July 1851. 
 
 n 4 
 

 
 :'•; 
 
 
 
 
 ' 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 1 35;' 
 
 i i 
 
 ■" -mt^tytvimi'mm m r^ 
 
121 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Copjf nf the General Orders issued by the Commander in 
 Chief of Madras upon ihv Tiiiurv-six rii reijimvnt bcintj 
 ordered to return to Great liritain. 
 
 " Gknkiul Oudkus. 
 
 " Head Quarters, 
 " ChouUrjf Plain, 2Atk September 1798. 
 
 •* In tftklnj? leave of Licut.-Culoncl Ihirne, the ollicord, 
 '■ »tii<l men of His lVIiije.'«ty'rt TmuTy-sixrii voginicnf, tlio 
 *' Comnnindcr-iii-Cliicf cannot refrain from expressing hi.s 
 " tjinccrc regret at losing froui under his coniniand a corps 
 " 80 eminently (listinguished for important services in the 
 " field, anil for discipline, order, and regularity, in every 
 " situation. Of a regiment -whose merits are so well known, 
 " it is unnecessary to say much : their gallant exertions 
 ** will x'eceivo their best reward in the applause and giaiti- 
 ** tude of their country. 
 
 " The Commander-in-Chief cannot more strongly evince 
 " his high opinion of tiiis corps than by exhorting the men, 
 " wherever their King and Country may hereafter reciuiro 
 " their service.:!, to make it their first caro to preserve 
 " unblemished the name and reputation they have acquired 
 " in the Tuikty-sixtii regiment. 
 
 (Signed) '* Kkitii Young, 
 " Acting Deputy Adjutant General. 
 
 Copy of an Order issued by the Governor in Council upon 
 the TiiiitTV-sixrii reyiment quitting Madras for Great 
 Britain. 
 
 " Madras, Uth October 1798. 
 ** The remainder of His Majesty's Tiiirty-sixtii regiment 
 
 " is to embark from the North Glacis at six o'clock 
 
122 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I 
 
 to-inorrow morning for Europe, in the ships xindev de- 
 spatch, according to tlic distribution they have received 
 from the Deputy Adjutant General. 
 
 " The occasion cannot fail to recall the memory of those 
 glorious and important services which have been rendered 
 by this gallant corps to the British Empire in India ; 
 services fur which the Right Honorable the President in 
 Council offers the warmest thanks of this Government 
 to Licut.-Colonel Burne, the officers, and men of the 
 regiment. 
 
 *' The Governor in Council, impressed with a just sense 
 of tlio discipline and hardiness of the men, of the ex- 
 perience and gallantry of the officers, cannot but feel 
 sincere regret at the loss which the army under this 
 Government is about to sustain in the departure of this 
 efficient corps." 
 
 i 
 
 
 Copi/ nf a Letter from Lieut.- General the Honorable Sir 
 Arthur WeUes1ey,K.B. to Viscount Ca^tlereagh, Secretary 
 
 of State, 
 
 Contained in Vol. iv., page 100, " of the Despatches of 
 
 Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington." Compiled by 
 
 Colonel Gurwood. 
 
 " Vimiera, 22d Augmt 1808. 
 " My deau Lord, 
 
 " After I wrote to you yesterday morning we were 
 " attacked by the whole of the French army, Sir Harry 
 " Burrard being still on board ship, and I gained a com- 
 " pletc victory. It was impossible for troops to behave 
 " better than our's did : we only wanted a few hundred more 
 *< cavalry to annihilate the French army. 
 
 " I have sent my Report upon this action to Sir Harry 
 '' Burrard, who will send it home. You will see in it that 
 " I have mentioned Colonel Burne of the 36th regiment 
 " in a very particular manner, and I assure you that there 
 " is nothing that will give me so much satisfaction as to 
 " learn that something has been done for this old and 
 " meritorious soldier. 
 
 '* The Thirty-sixth regiment is an example to the army. 
 
 sS t t mi i muim mimmm 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 123 
 
 '* Sir Harry did not land till late iu the day in the midst 
 " of the attack, and he desired me to continue uiy own 
 " operations ; and, as far as I am personally concerned in 
 " the action, I was amply rewarded for any disappointment 
 " I might have felt in not having had an opportunity of 
 " bringing the service to a close, by the satisfaction ex- 
 " pressed by the array that the second and more important 
 " victory had been gained by their old General. 
 
 " I have also the pleasure to add, that it has more effect 
 '* than all the argument I could use to induce the General 
 " to move on, and I believe he will march to-morrow. 
 " Indeed, if he does not, we shall be poisoned here by the 
 •' stench of the dead and wounded, or we shall starve, every. 
 " thing in the neighbourhood being already eaten up. 
 
 " From the number of dead Frenchmen about the ground, 
 '* and the number of prisoners and wounded, I should think 
 " their loss could not be far short of 3,000 men. The force 
 " which attacked us was very respectable, and probably not 
 " short of 14,000 men, including 1,300 dragoons and 
 " artillery, and 300 chasseurs a cheval. 
 
 " Sir Hew Dalrymple arrived last night, and will land 
 " this morning. 
 
 " Believe me, &c. 
 
 (Signed) 
 " The Viscount Castlereagh, 
 &0. &c." 
 
 " Artuur Wellesley." 
 
124 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 " General Orders. 
 
 His Majesty's Ship, " Audacious" 
 ISth January 1809. 
 
 " The irreparable loss that has been iistained by the fall 
 " of the Comraandor of the Forces Lieut. -General Sir 
 " John Moore), and the severe wound which has removed 
 " Lieut.-General Sir David Baird iVom his station, render it 
 " the duty of Lieut.-General Hope to congratulate the army 
 " upon the successful result of the action of the 16th instant. 
 
 " On no occasion has the undaunted valour of British 
 " troops ever been moi'e manifest. At the termination of a 
 " severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the 
 " superiority Avhich tlie enemy had acquired, and which had 
 " materially impaired the efficiency of the troojjs, many 
 " disadvantages Avere to be encountered. 
 
 " These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the 
 " troops themselves ; and the enemy has been taught, tliat 
 " whatever advantages of position or of numbers he may 
 " cuiploy, there is inherent in the British oflicers and 
 " soldiers a bravery that knows not how to yield, that no 
 " circumstances can appal, and that will ensure victory when 
 " it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human means. 
 
 " The Lieut.-General has the greatest satisfaction in dis- 
 " tinguishing such meritorious services as came within his 
 " observation, or have been brought to his knowledge. 
 
 " His acknowledgments are, in a peculiar manner, due to 
 " Lieut.-General Lord William Bentinck, and the l)rigadc 
 " under his command, consisting of the fourth, forty-second, 
 " and fiftietli regiments, and Avhieh sustained the weight of 
 " the attack. 
 
 " Major-General Manni]igham, with his brigade, consist- 
 " ing of the Royals, the twenty-sixth and eighty-first regi- 
 " ments, and Major-General Warde, with the brigade of 
 " Guards, will also be pleased to accept his best thanks for 
 " their steady and galhint conduct during the action. 
 
 " To Major-General Paget, who, by a judicious movement 
 " of the reserve, effi'ctually contributed to check the progress 
 " of the enemy on the right ; and to the first battalion of 
 " the fifty second and ninety-fifth regiments, Avhieh Avere 
 " thereby engaged, the greatest praise is justly due. 
 
 " Tliat part of Major General Leith's brigade Avhieh Avas 
 " engaged, consisting of the fifty-ninth regiment, under the 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 125 
 
 " conduct of the Major-General, also claims marked appi-o- 
 " bation. 
 
 " The enemy not having rendered the attack on the left 
 " a serious one, did not afford to the troops stationed in that 
 " quarter an opportunity of displaying that gallantry which 
 " must have made him repent the attempt. 
 
 " The piquets and advanced posts, however, of the bri- 
 " gades under the command of Major-Generals Hill and 
 " Leith, and Colonel Catlin Craufurd, conducted themselves 
 " with determined resolution, and were ably supported by 
 " the officers connnandiug these brigades, and by the troops 
 " of which they were composed. 
 
 " It is peculiarly incumbent upon the Lieut.-General 
 " to notice the vigorous attack made by the second battalion 
 " of the fourteenth regiment under Lieut. -Colonel N'colls, 
 " wliich drove the; enemy out of the village, of the left of 
 " which he had possessed himself. 
 
 " The exertions of Lieut. -Colonel Murray, Quartermaster- 
 " General, and of the other officers of tin; General Staff, 
 " during the action, were unremitted, and deserve every 
 " degree of approltation. 
 
 " Tlie illness of Biigadier-General Clinton, Adjiitant- 
 " General, unibrtunately deprived the army of the bcnedt 
 " of his services. 
 
 " The Lieut.-General hopes the loss in point of nuni- 
 " bers is not so considerable as might have been expected ; 
 "■ he laments, however, the fall of the gallant soldiers and 
 " valuable officers who liaA'e sutT'ered. 
 
 " The Lieut.-General knows that it is inqiossible, in any 
 *' language he can use, to enhance the esteem, or diminish 
 " the regret, that the army feels with him I'or its late Coin- 
 " mander. His career has been unfortunafely too limited 
 *' for his country, but has been sufficient for liis own fame. 
 " Beloved by the army, honored I)y Iiis Sovereign, and 
 " respected by his country, he has tenuiiiuted a life devoted 
 " to her service by a glorious death, — leaving his name as a 
 " memorial, an examjde, and an incitement to those who 
 '* shall follow him in the path of lionor, and it is I'rom his 
 " country alone that his memory can receive the tribute 
 *' which is its due. 
 
 (Signed) " Jojix Hon:, Lieut.-General." 
 
! 
 
 126 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 PI 
 
 I".) 
 
 " General Orders. 
 
 " Horse Guards, Yst February 1809. 
 
 " The bcnofitft clerivetl to an army from the example of a 
 " distingui.she.l Commandor do not terminate at his death ; 
 " hiri virtues live in the recollection of his associates, and 
 " his fame remams the strongest incentive to great and 
 " glorious actions. 
 
 " In this view the Commander-in-Chief, amidst the deep 
 *' and universal regret which the death of Lieut.-General 
 " Sir John Mcore lias occasioned, recals to the troops the 
 " military career of that illustrious officer for their instruc- 
 " tion and imitation. 
 
 " Sir JoliJi Moore from his youth embraced the profes- 
 " sion with the feelings and sentiments of a soldier ; ho 
 *' felt that a perfect knowledge and an exact performance 
 " of the humble but important duties of a subaltern officer 
 " are the best foundations for subsequent military fame, 
 " and his ardent mind, while it looked forward to those 
 " brilliant achievements for which it was formed, applied 
 " itself with energy and exemplary assiduity to the duties 
 " of that station. 
 
 " In the school of regimental duty he obtained that 
 " correct knowledge of his profession so essential to the 
 " proper direction of the gallant spirit of the soldier, and 
 " he was enabled to establish a characteristic order and 
 " regularity of conduct, because the troops found in their 
 " leader a striking example of the discipline which he en- 
 " forced on others. 
 
 " Having risen to command, he signalised his name in 
 " the West Indies, in Holland, and in Egypt. The unre- 
 " mitting attention with which he devoted himself to the 
 " duties of every branch of his profession obtained him 
 " the confidence of Sir Ralph Abercromby, and he became 
 " the companion in arms of that illustrious officer, who 
 " fell at the head of his victorious troops in an action 
 " which maintained our national superiority over the arms 
 " of France. 
 
 " Thus Sir John Moore at an early period obtained, 
 " with general approbation, that conspicuous station in 
 " Avliich he gloriouslv terminated his useful and honorable 
 " life. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 127 
 
 " In a military character obtained amiilst tlu; (lunjj^crH of 
 " climate, the privations incident to service, and the HiifFer* 
 " ings of repeated Avounds, it \^ difficult to select any ono 
 " point as a preferable subject for praise; it exliildls, how- 
 " ever, one feature so particularly cliaiiicterisH(!ot' the man, 
 " and so important to the best interests of the service, that 
 " the Commander-in-Chief is pleased to mark it with Im 
 " peculiar approbation — 
 
 " The life of SIR JOHN MOORE wah si'knt among 
 
 " THE TROOPS, 
 
 " During the season of repose his time was devoted to 
 " the care and instruction of the officer and soldier ; in war 
 " he courted service in every quarter of the {4l(»be. Rejrnrd- 
 " less of personal consideration, ho esteejned thai to . Iiich 
 " his country called him the post of honor, and l»y lii.s 
 "undaunted spirit and unconquerable perse veruJicc ho 
 " pointed the way to victory. 
 
 " His country, the object of his latest solicitude, will 
 " rear a monument to his lamented memory, and tlie Coni- 
 *' mander-in-Chief feels he is paying the best trilmte to 
 " his fame by thus holding him forth as an kxamim.k to the 
 
 " ARMY. 
 
 " By order of His Royal Highness the Comuiandi-r-in- 
 " Chief, 
 
 "Harry Calvert, Adjutant- (UmviuL" 
 
128 
 
 APPLNDIX. 
 
 The following rogimonts composed the army under liieut.- 
 
 Genoral Sir John Moori> at Corunna on the 16th of January 
 
 1809: — 
 
 Corps. Commanding Officers. 
 
 
 7th Light Dragoons 
 10th 
 15th 
 IHth 
 
 lid „ (King's Germ. Leg.) 
 
 Artillery - - - - 
 
 Engineers > - . 
 
 Waggon Train Detachment 
 
 1st Foot (juards, 1st Battalion - 
 
 1st Foot 
 
 2(1 „ 
 
 4th „ 
 
 6th „ 
 
 (!th „ 
 
 9th „ 
 
 14th „ 
 
 2()th „ 
 
 2M „ 
 
 2(;th „ 
 
 28th „ 
 
 li-Jd „ 
 
 :M\ih Foot 
 
 :^8th .. 
 
 ^VAd „ 
 
 4.-5(1 „ 
 
 fjOth „ 
 
 .'ilst „ - 
 
 r>2d „ 
 
 5L'd „ 
 
 r)!)th „ 
 
 COlh „ 
 
 COth „ 
 
 71st „ 
 
 7(!th „ 
 
 7!Hh „ 
 
 81st „ 
 
 8::d „ - 
 
 Dlst „ 
 
 92d 
 
 95th (Rifle Reg.) 
 
 M 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 2d 
 
 2d 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 
 1st 
 1st 
 2d 
 1st 
 
 1st 
 
 2d 
 
 2d 
 
 2d 
 
 5th 
 
 1st 
 
 1st 
 
 1st 
 
 2d 
 
 1st 
 1st 
 1st 
 2d 
 
 Staff Corps Detachment 
 1st Light Batt. King's 
 
 Legion. 
 2d 
 
 » 
 
 
 German 
 
 Lieut.-Coionel ""ivian. 
 „ Leigh. 
 
 „ Grant. 
 
 „ Jones. 
 
 Major Burg\vesel. 
 Colonel Harding. 
 Major Fletcher. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Langley. 
 „ Cocks. 
 
 „ Wheatley. 
 
 Major Midler. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Iremonger. 
 „ Wyneh. 
 
 „ Mackenzie. 
 
 Major Gordon. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Cameron. 
 Nicolls. 
 Ross. 
 Wyatt. 
 Maxwell. 
 Belson 
 Ilinde. 
 „ Burne. 
 
 „ Hon. Charles 
 
 (ireville. 
 „ Ktirhng. 
 
 „ (JifFurd. 
 
 Hull. 
 Major Charles Napier. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Darling. 
 „ Barclay. 
 
 „ John Ross. 
 
 „ Fane. 
 
 Codd. 
 Major Davy. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Pack. 
 „ Symes. 
 
 ,, Cameron. 
 
 Major Williams. 
 „ M'Donald. 
 „ Douglas. 
 Lieut.-Colonel Alexander Najjier. 
 Beckwith. 
 ^yade. 
 Nicolay. 
 Leonhart. 
 
 Ilalkett. 
 
 
 ^.iWMiWJgPJBW '^gii^iiJi!! 
 
Ari'KNDlX. 
 
 129 
 
 Documents relntimj to 1 1>< inuit ••Fiii.m," borne by the'Wwww 
 aiXTil reijimvnt, <illiulctl In in Sir (ieort/e A'ai/fers letter, 
 dated Gth o/Jaumiri/ IS 17, inserted ij pa<ic 94. 
 " SiK, • Monte Video, 'SOt/t July 1807. 
 
 " I DO myself thu liouour of ticknowlcilging the 
 " receipt of your letter datetl the 9th of May lust, and now 
 " transmit a sketch of the reg- ncntiU colours of the first bat- 
 " talion of the Thikty-sixth regiment, as represented in 
 " the accompanying paper, marked D and E. ; at present 
 '* there are no camp colours with the 36th, they having been 
 " destroyed by fire when the regimental store was burned 
 " at Battle barracks, a few days before the regiment om- 
 " barked for foreign service. 
 
 " I likewise do myself the honour of sending a sketch 
 " from the regimental seal, and beg to be informed by 
 " you if we hav. not a right to the word 'Fium' embroi- 
 " dered on the colours as represented in that sketch. How 
 " long the seal has been in the regiment I cannot pretend 
 " to say, only it is the same seal that has be n made use of 
 " since I came into the Thirty-sixth, which will be thirty- 
 ''Jbitr i/cars the month after next. Should there be any 
 " office where V. .e devices of dilFerent regiments are recorded, 
 ** I should imagine it would be a matter easily ascertained. 
 
 " I have> ccc. 
 (Signed) " Robert Burnb, 
 
 " Lieut.- Colonel. Commanding ist Battalion, 
 " 36th Regiment" 
 George Nayler, Esq., York Herald, 
 4re. ifo, SfO. 
 
 " Treasury Chambers, 
 ** Deak Sm, " 2ith April 1809. 
 
 " I AM desired by my brother of the Thirty-sixth 
 " regiment to make application to you for a drawing 
 " (furnished you some time past by Colonel Burne) of a 
 " regimental seal, for the purpose of registering tlie bearings 
 " on the colours, and having the word 'Funr ' inserted. 
 
 " The drawing is now wanted by the regimert, and I have 
 " to beg that you will send me the same to give tt my brother, 
 " who will be in town in the course of the prese.it week. 
 
 " I am, &c. 
 (Signed) " JosEiMi Ver>'C'N." 
 
 I 
 
130 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 *' Mr. Vernon proscnt.s his compliments lo Mr. Naylor, 
 " ami requests to be int'onnod if the Tuiuty-sixth regi- 
 " ment of foot is not entith'd to have the word *Fikm ' cmbUi- 
 " zoned in the regimental eolouro, that word appearing on 
 " the regimental .seal, a drawing of which Colonel IJurno 
 ** fui*nishod the Heralds' Office, and which, to his know- 
 " ledge, had been in the regiment thirty-six years, and 
 " most probably many years previous thereto. The 
 "return of the regiment, about tlie year I "771:, from the 
 " West Indies, with their colours 5 ^ vev mattered state, 
 " and the almost entire change of rYiC" r-\ most probably 
 "occasioned the omission, and whiti: *i"i!"' uat time lias 
 "been continued. Colonel Burnc is ve.^ anxiou to ascer- 
 " tain the point of being at liberty to have it inscnbci' in the 
 " colours, fully confident that, unless tlie regiment had 
 " previously obtained it, and by authority held it, it never 
 " could have been engraved upon their seal." 
 
 " Treasury Chambers, 
 ''SrdJuli/ 1809." 
 
 " Captain Vernon pi'csents his compliments to Mr. Nay- 
 " ler, and will be much obliged by his enclosing him the 
 " certificate for Colonel Burne's signature, in order that 
 " he may forward it to the regiment before ho leaves 
 " town. Captain Vernon begs to return Mr. Nayler his 
 " best thanks for the very early attention he gave to the 
 " object of the Colonel's wishes in the insertion of the 
 " motto which Captain V. had the pleasure of seeing on 
 " calling at Mr. Naylcr's office on Wednesday last." 
 " 52, Charlotte Street, Portland Place, 
 '* 17th March 1810." 
 
 " 52, Charlotte Street, Portland Place, 
 " Dear Sih, " 2lst March 1810. 
 
 " I AVAS favoured with your note and the enclosure 
 " last night, but in one part, as it does not exactly meet the 
 " facts, I have taken the liberty of enclosing you a certi- 
 " ficate, which, from the conversation I have had with the 
 " Colonel, I think will. It is not in the power of the 
 " Colonel to certify that they nositivcly have borne the 
 " word ' FiuM ' on the colours ; out he has every reason to 
 
 «9IM 
 
 ■■WWIH 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 131 
 
 " believe so, as the bearings of tlic colours arc usually on 
 " the regimental hcuIs of regiments. The Colonel has been 
 " ill the regiment thirty-seven years, and the oldest officer 
 " by very many years now remaining in it. During his 
 " time the regiment must have had three pairs of regi- 
 " mental colours ; — the pair wlien the regiment returned 
 " from the West Indies, I presume, now entirely worn out 
 " and destroyed ; the pair on the regiment's return from 
 " the East Indies Avas, from ihe same cause, burned at 
 "Winchester; and tlio preseit pair of colours consists 
 " of as many rags as miglit form the size of a silk handker- 
 *' chief, but not a piece that is whole six inches square. 
 " These rags are tied together round the staff. Therefore, 
 " concluding that the former colours were before disposed 
 " of, at least in as bad a state as those, it Avould become 
 " impossible to say Avhnt bearings or mottoes might luivo 
 " been upon the pair when Colonel IJurne joined, wliicli 
 *' was on tlieir return from the West Indies, to which is 
 " to be added the great mortality and change among 
 " officers who served at that time in those climates. I 
 " should have had the pleasure of waiting upon you this 
 " day upon tlie subject, but as I leave town to-morroAv I am 
 " compelled to confine my business to writing. IVIay I, 
 " therefore, beg the additional favour (sliould the certificate 
 *' meet your ajjprobation, or any other form that may accord 
 " with the fact stated) tiiat you will enclose; it to my brother, 
 " who Avill forward it to me ? I feel extremely anxious to 
 *' get the business completed as soon as possible, the regi- 
 ** nicnt being again down for service, &c., which I trust, in 
 " your goodness, Avill plead as my apology for intruding so 
 ** much upon your time. 
 
 " I am, &c. 
 (Signed) "IIkn-kv Veiu\Ox\." 
 
 " G. Nayler, Esq.'' 
 
 " Captain Vernon presents his comidiments to Mr. Nayler, 
 " and with many thanks encloses him tlie certificate signed 
 " by Colonel Burne. Slwjuld tlierc be any expenses inci- 
 " dental to IMr. Nayler's office in this business, he requests 
 " to be favoured witli them, as the Colonel, as Avell as him- 
 " self, are unacquainted with these matters." 
 
 « Battle, Sussex, oth April 1810." 
 
 I2 
 
132 
 
 Al'rKM)IX. 
 
 ^1 
 
 "I Robert BjiriiP, Lieu f. -Colonel of tlio first battalion 
 " of tho TimiTV-siXTii rofi;imt'nt, a Colonel in the army, and 
 " Governor ot'llis Majesty',-i grrrison of Carlirtle, do hereby 
 •* certify and declare, that during tlu^ Hpiice of thirti/seveti 
 *^ j/rnrs to my own positive knowledge, and how long 
 *' previous thereto I cannot set forth, the said regiment has 
 " used on itH regimental seal the word 'Firm;' and that I 
 " verily believe, by reason thereof, the said regiment to bo 
 " entitled to benv the same npon it.s colours, and that the 
 '* said word may have lapsed and been forgotten by the 
 " fro^iuent eliaii;;e of otHeers and the mutilated or almost 
 " de*troye<l state in whieli tlie eolovirs of the regiment have 
 " been on tlieir return from service, and that I am,'|therefore, 
 "extremely anxious that the saiil word *Fium ' should bo 
 " inserilx'd in the painting of the colours of the aforesaid 
 '• Tiiiirry-siXTii regiment, now preparing, by His Majesty's 
 " command, under the inspection of CI eorge Nay ler. Esquire, 
 " York Herald, and Inspector of Reginxenlal Colours. In 
 " witness wliereof I have hereunto subscribeTl my name, 
 " and affixed the seal of the said regiment, at Battle, 
 " Sussex, this lifth day of April one thousand eight hundred 
 " and ten. 
 
 " (Signed) RonT. BunxE, 
 
 " TJciit.-CoJ. Commanding \st Dattn. 
 " 36^/t Eegt., and Colonel 
 
 " Signed and sealed in the presence of 
 " A. Mackenzie, 
 
 " ]\rajor 3Gth Rcgt., 
 
 " III'. Vkkxon, Capt., 
 
 " l,s7 Battn. ;K)M l{i(jt:' 
 
 " ;{(]/// Tivghnont of Foot 
 " PEiniiTTF.n to l)rar the w ord • FiijM ' having so done for 
 ' unwai'ils if thirty years, as a))[)ears by Lieut. -Colcmcd 
 •' liob.rt Bui'ne's !et((>r to Sir George Nayler, dated Monte 
 " Video, ;K)th July 1807." 
 
Al'PKNDIX. 
 
 1H3 
 
 Memoir of the services of Lieut- Genernl Robert Jin me, 
 fonnerhf hient.- Colonel of the TniUTY-HixTii regiment. 
 
 RonEHT BuRNE entered the army as Ensign in tlie Tiiirtt- 
 siXTii, his corauiission being dated 28th of September 1773 j 
 and it is remarkable that he obtained all his regimental 
 promotions in that corps. On the 13th of January 1777 ho 
 was advanced to the rank of Lieutenant. On the 10th of 
 March 1783 Lieutenant Burne embarked with tlie Tininv- 
 81XTII regiment for Madras, and arrived in that Presidency 
 in July following. In 1784 he succeeded to the Captain- 
 Lieutenancy, and on the 7th of May of that year was up- 
 pointed Captain of a company in the regiment. Ui^n the 
 army taking the field against Tippno Saib he was Captain*of 
 the Grenadier company. Ciptaiii liurne was in the battles 
 of Sattimungnliim and Siuiwoor on the 13th and 14th of 
 .SL'ptember 1790, and was afterwards at tlie storming of tlie 
 pettah and fort of Bangalore in March 1791. Caiitnin 
 Burne served at the attack of Nundydroog in October 1791 ; 
 he was also present in tlie operations before Seringapatain 
 during the night of the fith of February 1792, under Gene- 
 ral the Earl Cornwallis, Avhieli compelled Tippoo to enter 
 into a treaty of peace with the British. He was at the 
 siege and captiu'c of Pondichcrry in August 1793; and on 
 the 1st of March 1794 he was promoted to the brevet rank 
 of Major, which rank he attained in the Tiiiuty-sixth regi- 
 ment on the 15th of Apri 1796. On the 1st of January 
 1798 Major Burne was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel by 
 brevet, and he embarked at Aladras in command of tlie 
 TiiiRTY-siXTii regiment on the loth of October, but did 
 not arrive in England until July 1799, the want of convoy 
 having caused the Tndiamen to be detained three montlis at 
 St. Helena. 
 
 On the 13th of November 1799 Brevet Lieut.-Colonel 
 Burne was appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the TninTY-sixxn 
 regiment, with which he embarked, in the year 1800, for 
 the coast of France, with the expedition under Brigadier 
 General the Honorable Sir Thomas Mtutland ; he after- 
 wards proceeded with his regiment to Minorca, from which 
 island, in 1801, he was compelled, by severe illness, to return 
 to England for the recovery of his health, being the first 
 
134 
 
 AT'PF.VDIX. 
 
 time ho was ever uo3cnt from tlio regiment. Upon <lic con- 
 clusion of the peace of Amiens in 1802 Minorca wns restored 
 to tlie Spaniards, and the Thiutv-sixth returned to Ireland, 
 when Lieut. -Colonel llnrno resumed the command of the 
 regiment. 
 
 Lieut. -Colonel Burnc em harked wltli the first hattalion of 
 the regiment for Germany in Octoher 1805, and returned 
 with it to England in March following. In November 1806 
 he proceeded with the first battalion of the regiment on the 
 expedition to Soutli America under Brigadier General 
 Robert Craufiu'd ; and in June 1H07 landed in that country ; 
 was with the advance of the army at llio operations in the 
 suburbs of Buenos Ayres on the 2d, Ikl, and 4th of July ; 
 and also sliared in tlio attack on the town of Buenos Ayres 
 on the 5th of July. 
 
 The first battalion of the Tjiiuty-sixtii regiment cm* 
 barked at Buenos Ayres in September, and arrived at Cork 
 in December 1807. On the 25th of April 1808 Lieut.- 
 Colonel Burnc was promoted by In'cvet to the rank of 
 Colonel, and in July following embarked with the first 
 battalion for the Peninsula, (.'olnnel Burne Avas present at 
 the battles of Roleia and Vimiera on the I7lh and 2Ist of 
 August 180S. Lieut. -General tlio Honourable Sir Arthur 
 Wellcsley in his despatch particularly noticed the conduct 
 of Colonel Burne and that of the battalion. On tiie 8th of 
 September following Colonel Burne was appointed Governor 
 of Carlisle by His Majesty King George IIL After these 
 services Colonel Burnc proceeded in command of the 
 battalion with tlic troops destined to join Lieut. -General 
 Sir J(dui Moore at S:\lamanoa, and was present at the baltlo 
 of Corunna on the Kith of .January 1809; after which he 
 embarked with the army tor Kngland. Colonel Burne, for 
 his services at lloleia, Vimiera, and Corunna, received tlio 
 honorary distinction of a medal and clasp. 
 
 On the IGtli of July 1S()9 Colonel Burnc embarked in 
 command of the first battalion of the TmUTV-sixrii regiment, 
 with the expedition to the Scheldt, and served in August at 
 the siege and capture of Flushing, in the island of Wal- 
 eliercn. He was afterwards appointed Colonel on the stafiT 
 at that place, where ho continued until the evacuation of 
 the island. 
 
ArPKNDIX. 
 
 135 
 
 Colonel linrno wfts appointed a Hrigndior Clonoral on tlio 
 sttttr in Portugal on tiio iiist of January 1811, and landed 
 in the Peninsula prior to the retreat of tin; French army 
 from Santaretn, and wan present iit the battle (»f Fnentcs 
 d'Onor on the 3d and ."Jth of May, to;retlic'r witli the other 
 operations in which the sixlli division of the army was 
 engaged. On the 4tli of tFune isll he was advanced to 
 the rank of Major-General, and eonlintied on tliesfalfin iho 
 Peninsula until the 24th of April 1812, when ho returned to 
 England : and, on the 2.'3tli of June following, was appointed 
 to the .staff of (Jrcat IJritaiii, and was ordered to talte tho 
 command of Iho eump near Lielilichl ; upon the brealiing 
 up of that encampment iMajor-tJeneral liurno was ordered 
 to the command of the Nottingham district, where ho 
 remained on the statf until tlic 2 llh of S('j)tcinl)er 181 1. 
 
 On tho Hilii of .July 1821 iMajor-( iincral IJuriic was 
 advanced to the rank of Lieutenanl-Uencral. His dceeaso 
 occurred iu Juno l82o. 
 
■f ■ ? 
 
 LONDON i 
 
 Printed by Gicorgl: E. Evkk and Wjxliam Spotiiswoodk. 
 
 1 niitcrs to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty. 
 
 For Her Majesty's Stationery Oilice. 
 
 wmmmmmmmiim