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Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mAthode. 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 it n I EEPOKTS ON THE PROPERTY OF THE (^u\H ^tU ||i«itt0 aJampng, COMPRISrifO 1500 ACRES OF LAND, SITUATED IN THE COUNTY OF GASPE, CANADA EAST. ►♦-♦-♦♦■ 9 PRINTED BY JOHN LOVELL, ST. NICHOLAS STREET. 1865. I$(,S' gaspI: lead mining company Incorporated by Letters Patent, granted hy the Governor General in Council under Act 27 aiid 28 Victoria ; with Limited Liability to Shareholders. CAPITAL, ■ ■ - $500,000 IN 100,000 SHARES OF $5 EACH, President. Sir NARCISSB F. BELLEAU, M.L.C. Vice-President. Honorable THOMAS RYAN, M.L.C. ©[][Ri(gT©[Ri, Sir NARCISSE F. BELLEAU, Dieeotor Bank op Quebec. THOMAS REYNOLDS, Esq., President P. and 0. Railway. Honorable LOUIS RENAUD, Director Merchants Bank. WM. McNAUGHTON, Esq., Director Richelieu Navigation Co. Honorable THOMAS RYAN, Director Bank of Montreal. Secretary jumI Treasurer : D. LORN MACDOUGALL, Esq. Solicitors : Honorable JOHN ROSE and T. W. RITCHIE, Esq. Brokers: Messrs. MACDOUGALL & DAVIDSON. Head Office, 2 Merchants Exchange, MONTHEi^LL. 1 al H. r. >. lL. OASPP] LEAD MINING COMPANY. PROSPECTUS. The existence of valuable veins of galena, traversing tlie promon- tory of Gasp(5, at the eastern extremity of Canada, has been long recognized, public attention having been first directed to the subject by Sir William Logan, the Provincial Geologist, in his official Report for 1844, and more fully in his subsequent Reports for 1%Q\^. The most important of these locations is at Little Gasp(i Cove, about seven miles from the entrance of the Bay, where several highly promising lead veins occur, which have been explored to a consid- erable extent. The Gasp^ Lead Mining Company liavc acquired the property containing these veins and which comprises about ioOO acres of land, held by them in fee-simple. Their operations hitherto have been restricted to surface explorations on the back of the lodes, and to the driving of a tunnel or drift on the course of one of the veins, having for object not so much the extraction of ore as to obtain convenient access to those adjacent. A very considerable quan- tity of ore has been incidentally obtained in the course of these explorations ; and the results of their preliminary operations having established the rich and permanent character of the mine the company propose to enter upon its dcvelopihent on a scale com- mensurate with its importance and value. - • The accompanying Map and Plan show the position and extent of the property, and the nature and mode of the occurrence of the veins ; and the annexed Reports, by competent scientific and prac- tical authorities, may be accepted as proving tlie present and pro- spctive value of the property for mining purposes. It may be mentioned that Sir William Logan, to whom the accompanying reports and plans have been submitted for inspection, has intimated his iporobation of the same, and has endorsed the recommonda- tiotts contained therein. 6 The consumption of lead in Canada and the British American Provinces Is very great, and constantly increasing with the growth and progress of the country. At present, this metal in its various forms is imported from abroad, subject to a duty of 20 per cent, ; con3e(iuently, the large profits which will accrue from its production and manufacture in this country, aiford a strong stimulus to the development of a productive lead mnie such as that of Little Gasp(^. In addition to the lead veins on the property, it is expected that wells of petroleum will be developed upon it, indications of the existence of this valuable material having been discovered on an adjoining lot, which seems to.be even -less favorably situated than some parts of the Company's land. The operation of boring for rock oil is now being extensively and sncccssfally prosecuted on the opposite side of Gasp(3 Bay, in rocks of the same age and condition a3 on this company's property. The facilities for carrying on mining operations on this property are in every respect une([aalled. The conformation of the land is such as to secure ample natural drainage to a great depth ; and its situation upon the sea-coast, and at a point where there is a good harbor, affords a ready means for the transportation of ores and ma- terials at the cheapest rate. In the event of smelting the ores on the spot, coals could be landed from Pictou, in Nova Scotia, at a small advance on the prime cost. The property itself will, however, yield an ample supply of wood for fuel, as well as for all other purposes connected with min- ing ; and there is also an abundant supply of water for dressing ores, etc. The climate of Gaspe is remarkably healthy ; labour and 'provisions abundant and cheap. It is a free port of entry for exports and imports. ■ There are upon the premises dwelling-houses belongiiig to the company, capable of accommodating a considerable force of work- men; also a blacksmith's shop, and all the apphances requisite for the prosecution of the work of mining. As an investment, the Ga8p <* of the ground. I find, however, in my recent investigations, that this has been pretty effectually determined by the work already done ; and, with the exception of a costeen to discover the exact position and nature of the main dislocation or fault, and a few blasts to expose the veins for inspection, I did not find it necessary on the occasion of my last visit, to institute any farther exploratory works. In describing the various veins and openings, I shall refer to the same numbers and letters employed by Mr. Bingham in his orignial plan and description, which I find to be, on the whole, tolerably correct. The opening marked a in the plan is 75 feet in length, 10 feet wide, and about 5 feet average depth— most of which has been reached by blasting into the solid rock. It exposes four parallel veins, or rather strings, of galena and calc-spar, (1, 2, 3, and 4,) the thickest being li inch wide, and all very copiously charged with lead ore. The direction of these veins is north 55" east, with an underlie to the south-east, ten degrees from the perpen- dicular. The rocks here dip south-west at an angle of 35\. Those strings of ore are probably branches from one main vein, and will be found to come together at no great depth, forming an important lode. The upper beds of the limestone arc here copiously charged with iron pyrites or mundic ; and the loose material overlying the veins consists largely of gozzan, or decom- posed iron ore, thus indicating an extensive mineral deposit under- neath. There are also considerable traces of copper pyrites asso- ciated with the galena here. The shaft B, 21 feet in depth, shews two veins or strings of ga- lena li inch thick, with very little spar, but associated with much fiuccan, or decomposed mineral matter in the form of clay, which is always regarded by the miners as a favorable circumstance. The bearing of the veins is north 30" east, underlie east 20" south, at an angle of 20" from the perpendicular. The two strings of ore converge and cross each other about seven feet from the bottom of the sliaft, on the south-west side, where a rich bunch of ore occurs. The opening c is on tlic same vein which traverses the shaft, but which here shews a much greater width, and is associated with a 8 larger amount of spar. Tlio length of this opening is 00 foot,' witlth feet, and average depth about 12 feet. The width of the vein seems to be about two feet. Considerable lead has been ob- tained from this opening and some very large cubes, as mentioned hy Mr. Bingham. But on the whole, this vein, which is the same as that followod in the drift, is distinguished by the greater propor- tion of spar than of lead which it yields, in comparison with the other vehis. The opening d is fimply a costecn along the face of the hill to discover the vein No. 8. Although the position of the vein is here ascertained, the work has not been carried deep enough to deter- mine its value at this pohit. At e the vein No. G is exposed by blasting throughout a length of 75 feet, width 7 feot, exhibiting a very rich vein of galena, of an average width of 16 inches, mixed with spar, decomposed lime- stone rock, and broken fragments of rock, bearing north 52 " cast (magnetic), and cutting tlie rocks perpendicularly. This vein, from its direction, must fall into No. 7, at no great distance from the opening, and may thus prove only to be of limited extent. In the part exposed, however, the galena is obviously in amply paying quantity. On vein No. 5 little or no work has been done, but its exposure in the cliff overlianging the beach, and the large and handsome specimens which have been obtained from it at the surface, prove it to 1)0 a most Important lode. It is also exposed at the north- west end of the boarding-house, where a copious spring of very pure water issues from the rocks, evidently percolating through the vein where it strikes into the hill. The existence of this spring in the line of the vein also proves its importance. At/ is the entrance of the drift or gallery driven upon vein No. 7, the same as, that already referred to, and described as traversing the shaft, and exposed at the opening marked c. This drift has been undertaken and prosecuted, not so much with the view of ob- taining at once the largest produce of ore, — this vein being known not to be so productive of lead as some of the others, — as for the purpose of opening up the ground, and affording the means of ac- cess, at a considerable depth, to the other promising veins on either V 9 V side of it. The entrance of the drift is ixhoui half -way down the cliff ovcrhangin;^ the beach, and about 24 feet above hvr water mark ; the intention being to buiUl a wharf and tramway for the convenience of shipping (as at II), with the waste material excava- ted from ti>o drift, &c. 'J'here can be no dou})t that the drift is throughout iipon the vein No. 7 — the same as that exposed in the opening c; and this fact, proving as it does the persistency of the veins over a very considerable linear extent, gives assuranco that they will also be found to be eipially pei*Ristent and regular in depth. The work having been suspended for tlie last few months, I found the drift or tunnel but little further advanced than when I reported to you in April ; the total length being now 154 feet. In that report I stated that up to 151 feet — the length then reached — very little ore had been seen for 70 or 80 feet previously. The end now, however, shews a very marked improvement, exposing five inches in thickness of a good and promising lead vein, with an ob- vious tendency to increase both in size and productiveness, '''his I attribute to tho proximity of the junction with vein No. 6, and have little doubt tiiat the continuation of the drift to that .extent, at all events, would prove highly satisfactory. This vein No. 7, at and near the entrance to the tunnel, cuts the rock i>erpendieularly ; l)ut in penetrating further into the hill, it gradually assumes an underlie to the south-east, amounting at the present end to 20" from the perpendicular, i Its dirqption is also gradually deflected towards the north. I have observed the same tendency in most of the other veins ; and I beg to call special attention to this circumstance, as it appears to me to have an im- portant and beneficial bearing upon the future prospects of the mine, as I shall presently endeavor to explain. At g is a considerable opening upon vein No. 8, commencing from the edge of the cliff and extending some 50 feet inland, bear- ing north 85" cast, cutting the rocks perpendicularly, and shewing throughout most of the length exposed, a thickness from an inch to two inches of solid galena, almost free from spar. Upon this vein, a little further from the beach, an old pit is still in existence, said to have been excavated by the French, before the conc^uest, and irom which considerable quantities of ore are reported to have been obtained. i I 10 The other veins, Nos. 9, 10, 11 and 12, are merely exposed in the cliff overhanging the sea-beach ; and shew on the surface only stilngs of ore, no work hav^ing been done to develop their true character dr value. As nearly all the veins in this locality, how* ever, are much pinched in by the surface layers of rocls^, these may be found to be of inorf^ importance if -worked into. It is ob- vious, however, that the scries of veins diminishes in importance as they recede from the main fault or dislocation, at the junction of the Hmestone and sandstone rocks, and to which they all owe their O'.igin. In order to ascertain something of the nature of this fault, I directed a costeen to be made, and succeeded in discovering the junction, though at one ^;oint only. The sandstone, which in its nor- mal position overlif^s the limestone conformably, is here thrown down, so that the layers or beds of the different rocks abut against each otli-.T in a nearly perpendicular fissure, .^rying from 9 to 18 inches in width ; and which, for the limited extent to which I had the opportunity of exjjloring it, seems to be entirely filled up with clay. I should expect that on penetrating the fissure below the claj, a rich mineral deposit will be found, and probably a valuable vein either of lead or copper. The effect of the down-throw upon the rocks immediately adjacent is very marked, the beds being tilted to a higher angle than their regular dip. This fissure should ))y all means be further explored in search of nietalliferous deposits, for since the other lead veins are obviously subordinate to it, and increase in size and importance as they approach the fault, it is reasonable to infer that this may contain the main or master lode. The geological position of this property, at the summit of a lead- bearing limestone formation, overlaid by sandstone and traversed by faults or dislocations, is such as all experience has shewn to be highly favorable for mining purposes. There are, moreover, certain peculiar local circumstances here which lead me to believe that the veins, although for tlie most part thin at and near the jjurfaco, must increase in thickness as they are followed in depth. In the first place, they are undoubtedly trm veins, cutting the stratification of the rocks, and which are known to extend indefinitely in depth. I k 11 Their origin is probably due to the same force which has produced the dislocation or down-thro^v, causing, at the same time, cracks or fissures in the adjacent rocks, \vhich have been subsequently filled ■with galena and other mmeral matters, originally diffused through- out the rocks, but dissolved out and concentrated in the fissures by the action of acid waters percolating through them ; such action being probably influenced and intensified by electric forces gener- ated by the contact of the two dissimilar rocks. If we suppose (as is probably the correct view) that the fracturing of the rocks occur- red since the country had, by denudation, assumed its present con- formation of hill and valley, the weight of the superincumbent mass of limestone, dipping transversely to the veins, would contract the latter at and near the surface, while such influence would not extend to any great depth. The change, to which I have already alluded, in the underlie and direction of the veins, as they cut further into the mountain, seems to give a striking confirmation of this theoretical view ; and in point of fact, to the limited extent yet explored most of the veins have widened in a notable degree in descending. In order to arrive at any correct estimate of the produce of any of the veins, as compared with the cost of working, it would have been necessary to measure and sample the piles of ore and rock excavated, but for this work no data were afibi;ded, as no system had been observed for the preservation of the materials which were S(3ittered irregularly in all directions. I can only, therefore, speak in general terms with regard to the productiveness of the mine. The attention of your Company, and of those who have preceded you in the ownership of the property, has hitherto been confined (as it is most proper that it should be) rather to the exploration of the ground than to the production of ore for the market. Still thia work does not appear to have been prosecuted with the vigor and to the extent of which the property is undoubtedly worthy. I was sorry also to observe that so much waste of valuable ore had been permitted ; besides what had been piled up somewhat carelessly, a very considerable quantity was scattered about the grounds, and strewn along the beach. The quantity of ore incidentally obtained in the exploratory works from first to last cannot be less than from 25 to 30 tons of CO per cent, the value of which would go far to defray the cost of the work actually done on the property. 12 In view of all the circumstances of the case I cannot doubt that this mine will i)rove amply remunerative in working ; and have no hesitation in recommending the continuance of the work on a more extensive scale and in a more systematic manner than formerly. I would recommend the sinking of a shaft, which will bo about five fathoms deep, at the junction of veins Nos. 6 and 7, to meet the drift in No. 7, which should be continued to this point, a dis- tance of about eight fathoms from the present end. From the bottom of this shaft a cross-cut of seventeen fathoms will intersect and prove vein No. 8 ; and another in an opposite direction, about eight fathoms, will intersect No. 5. This work will also prove and afford- underground access to vein No. 6, which, there can be little doubt, will be rich and productive. The proposed new shaft, the position of which I have marked by a stake on the ground, will be required for ventilation, in case the drift is pusli'ed, as originally proposed, to meet the shaft on the hill at B. I would also recommend sink- ing three or four fathoms upon the four veins at a, which will all be included in the width of one shaft ; and from the bottom of that shaft it may probably be found expedient to push an exploratory tunnel to the fault or dislocation which must be at no great distance to the north-west ; and may probably here be found to hold an im- portant deposit of lead or copper. For completing the various works specified a sum of $3,500 will be required. If it is thought expedient to carry on the works to a greater extent than I have named, the shaft at B should be sunk until it reaches the drift or tunnel in vein No. 7, which should be continued till it meets the shaft. This will involve, say, seventeen fathoms of shafting, and fifty fathoms of drifting ; and to meet this expense, an additional sum of about $5,000 will be required to be provided, making in all $8,500. This sum will amply and fully develop the property ; and there can be little doubt that, with careful and economical management, the ore obtained will repay a great part of the outlay. In a postscript to my Keport of April last, I mentioned the fact of petroleum being yielded, on the other side of the Bay, by rocks of the same character and in the same conditions as those on your property ; and suggested that search should be made on the latter for indications of this valuable material. Oil has recently been ? &> f IS actually found on an adjoining property, as marked in the plan ; and consequently there k greater inducement than before to institute such a search, or even to bore into the rock. The flats of the creek which flows through the triangular lots A, B and C, are very favorably situated for an experiment of this nature. Should an important lead mine be developed upon this property, as appears highly probable, or should rock oil be obtained in paying quantity, the advantages for working are unsurpassed, perhaps, by any in the world. Its situation aifords unrivalled facilities for drainage, dressing, smelting and shipping of ore and other materials. There are good and substantial dwelling-houses upon the property, capable of accommodating 40 or 50 men ; provisions and labor arc cheap ; and the situation extremely healtliy. Besides the dwelhng housea, there is a store, blacksmith's shop fully furnished, and powder magazine. I should recommend the addition of a dressing house for the preservation of the ore obtained. Abundance of water for dressing, and perhaps also for crushing, may be obtained by diverting the creek, as shown on the plan. • I have the honor to be. Dear Sir, -Your most obedient servant, CHARLES ROBB, Mining Engineer. EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF MR. ROBB, Bated 18th April, 1865. " The limestone formation which at Little Ga3p week, with throe men, 15 cwt. of ore. I next opened vein No. 8 for about 80 feet, and found it to bear ore all the way, and to increase in thickness on sinking ; the 'increase was 1^ inch in 4 feet ; its greatest thickness, when I left it, being 5 inches. There are also in this vein indications of copper, for I found some red oxide of that metal in it. I then opened upon No. 7, and, after working a while, I was led to believe that this was the main vein, and commenced a shaft at B, and a drift or gallery at /, the outcrop of the vein. At 24 feet from the mouth of the drift the vem is 2J feet thick, bearing ore all through. I also opened on another point on this vein, and found considerable ore in all the openings. I took from this vein a great deal of ore ; some cubes of galena were obtained, weighing not loss than 25 and 30 lbs. In the shaft, which is about 21 feet deep, the vein is somewhat con- tracted in width, as it seems here to strike into the hill. Vein No. 6 I found to be the richest ; its greatest thickness is 18 inches ; and from it, in one blast, I obtained 1^ ton of pure ore. This vein, as you will see by the chart, joins the main lode just at the end of your house. Veins Nos. 5, 6 and 8 are all branches from No. 7, and, by their dip or undorUe, will all fall into it, and form one large vein at no great depth. I raised from these several veins, with eight men, in three months, between six and seven tons of ore, besides doing considerable work in explorations, etc. The other veins marked on the plan vary in thickness, w^here exposed from half-an-inch to 5 indies. ^The veins are all in limestone. The results of the work done hero, the character and conditions of the rocks, and especially the ovid. x os of dislocations, disturbance and change of rock, lead me to express my decided conviction that great success will attend the prosecution of mining operations at this locality. 10 The debris from the mine will serve for buikling your wharf, which should be at the place marked 11. A short tramway, with a downward incline, can be easily constructed, to convey the produce of the minea to the wharf; and, conse(|uently, the expense of shii> ping will be almost nominal. The brook running from the mountain can be brouglit uito the flat at little expense, and will afford a sup- ply of water for dressing ores, and perhaps, also, of power for driving the requisite machinery, etc. The limestone excavated in the mines can be burnt and sold for 81.50 or $2 per barrel. For fuel you have about 1200 acres of woodland, worth, as it stands, from 50c. to II per cord ; also, a maple grove which includes many trees of the bird's-eye maple, so highly esteemed in Europe for furniture, etc. There are about 200 acres of cleared land of the best quality, for agricultural purposes, — the property comprising in all about 1500 acres. As a fishing station, your property is unequalled, commanding as it does the best fishing grounds both on the Gulf of St. Lawrence and on Gasp<3 Bay. Little Gasp(i Cove is one of the best harbors inside the bay ; and as the place is now a free port, there is every reason to believe that, commercially, it will be a good business stand. A considerable business could be done here in the manufacture of manure from fish offal, an article which commands £1 10s. per ton. in Scotland. I remain, dear Sir, Yours truly, SAMUEL S. BINGHAM, Mining Surveyor, -if BRITISH AMERICAN PROVINCES AN PAHT or THE UNITED STATES DESIGNED TO SMEW THE POSITION OF C ASPE . PI9TANCES CASPE BAY TO UV£.HPOOL t/6» 9TMUTE MILCS PU£R£€ fl6 • » mOMTH£AL StS , PICTOU U0 « MMUFAK . aS0 « MEWrOflK dBfi9 BOSrOH fOOtt p. H H m W (ki^''. tf^ sf- PLAN OV LEAD MINING LOI I N GASP CANADA CAS THSJ PROPERTY OV T GASPE LEAD MINING mm ^ o o 1^ '^A i%j,. >vK<^\ 4^ --i\ ^ PLAN OF LEAD MINING LOCATION I N G A S F£ CANADA CAST. TUB PROPS RTY OIP TWEl GASPE LEAD MINING COMPANY. T'i I ^A ms& Ok a* 0^ o o Ik tt ■■=«P«ai ^Wl W0^ Wiia «*iSWiijg % '« »«, «;!;// * • '9J> mil ^c ^o ■ ^»Os ^>v ^o e/ ■ ^. fi fee Or So ^o THE C O MPA MY 'S PR OP£R T Y fNCL U0£0 W/THIN THE RED MARGINS. ....^.....m^^^^^^^'^^''^^'^^ ^Wfete 'mi!»i^ ii„ '''m, """ft Moeo ^^/»e: ^^s, ^^'^^^^^^^^ E L E V AT I O N 100 ^ T I 'r I 'f 1 — r FACING SCALE. 100 «•<» a A », t ^//'M^'^/; ^"»* ifi' "muiiimiT, »tmm 'III ^<>^^ /sio"m>. \ ■<■.. i^i- V /5W' PETfiOlCUAt OIL SP/t/Mms9 PMCHtOSEO WHAHF r^ -•>•: ■♦*»^~~^ ^ C A S p ^ r A C i N G SCALE. BAY 100 ~T~ z^<' A£:f r a mfmk XXI ifc lO ix: ^ C A L £. no X ao X 40 SO _^^ ^<' CHAINS CH)ifiL£S ROBd t4INING CiNGINKCR MONTREAL. _J