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A /APPLIED IM/IGE Inc
16b3 L-JSt yo.n jt'Cr'
RcJC^este^. Ne* *ork
(716) *82 - C30C - fio'
1 ^16} 28B - ^989 - fa.
CllATE FEEDING
BV
F. ('. F.I.1"()KI).
iliv laiuuiiig cratf
DOMINION EXPERIMENTAL FARMS.
I J. H. GRISDALE, B.Agr., F. C. ELFORD.
Director. Dominion Poultry Husbandman
EXHIBITION CIRCULAR No. 70.
(January. I'.'lii.)
.1:5388
ill
CRATE FEEDING.
N'o poultry iiitpml.'.! tor .atinu^ >li,.„l,l |„. ,nMrk..t..cl without hvina t!,-lir,l TIh>
.'UM.-t w.iy to .lo this 1- hv rnit.' f.'clinfr. Thr work .•nlaih-.l is l,.ss than in ,n,v othir
^v-t,.„i. aii.l It ,. tho ii.^t t,w w,ks „f lV,.<liM- thiit pay the larin.r h.M
How to Make a Crate.
Tho fattotiiri^' ,.rat..s in (r,.,„.ral „sr nro H Cvt lon>r. U\ inches wid,. an.l I'd inclics
hiKl'. msHl,. .n.asuivnu.nt,. Kach ,Taf is divi.h.l hy two ti^ht, w ,., partitions
into thnr .•o.npart.nonts, an.l each , part.nont hohls four ohi.kcns. Thr franir
PK'v-. arc L' mclu's wi.lo hy ; in<-h thick; this Inunc is covered witii slats. The ^lats
iire plar,.,l h.n-thwi,e on thre,. >i,les. h„„„„,. l,::..k an.l to,,. Mn.l „,, and ,h.wn in th.'
ront. I la. .shits t„r the hottom are ;-inch wide and Q-in.'h thick; the hack top and
r,,nt slats are the same width hut .,i,ly ^-in.'h thick. The spaces hetwe,.n the -hits i,,
.ront are :.' inches wid.. f,, enahle th,. chickens to fivd from the trough. Tiie hottom
s at> are put 1 i, m.-hes aiMrt ; th.» >lat m-arest th.- ha<-k of the crate is 2] inclu-s fr„m
the .-onier ot the frame, t,. prevent the chickens' feet fr.mi l.ecemirifr hruiscl when
tlu; .Tate IS pla.-ed ,,n the ^'round. The top slats an- .Mit ahov ,a.-h partition, and six
-trips. 2 inches wide, are iiaile<l under them. The thre.. d,.,,r- -o formed are hin-c,!
to the rear ceriier |iiece.
The crates may he placed on stands 1(! inches from the frround. Tlie dropinn-s
Irom thi> chickens are received on sand or some nthcT ahs,,rheiit material. ,\ li-hf " V "'
tn.uirh :.'} m.-hes insi.l.. is phi.r.l in front of ..a.'ji .Tat.'. Th.. h,.tt.m. of th.. tr.nifrh
1- i iiyhes almve th.. th.or. and the tipp.r iiisi.le ..df.'.' is 2 inch.-s from th.. ..rat.>.
It It is .l..sirahl.. t.. i.hi.-e th." ..rat.'s in ti.^rs. one ahov,. the .>th..r. th.- .l...irs will
have t.) he phic.I ,„ th.- front „f the ..rat.'s an.l a pan or h.-ard pla.....l tin.l.r all hut th.-
hottom tu-r to cat.-h th.- .Iroppimrs.
Crates may hi. ma.l.. from ..r.linarv i,,i.kint; hex.'s. hut a |.r..iierlv ina.l.- ..rate will
:.■ ioMiid iiiu.'h mor.. -atisfa.'tory.
Most Suitable Birds.
Cockerels of the »cun:A lairpox- varieties srive host results when put into tlie
.•rates at fr.mi i.iur f. fiv.. p.uin.ls wei-ht. .Smajl.r hirils when ..rat.-d fail to fl.^s], ,,^
fii.-y sh.ail.l. Th..y eith.r .■aiiiiot stand tli<- fon-cl foedinn and eonfinoment an.l th.-re-
f.ir.-. l.,se th.-ir app.tit... ,,r th..y jait the f.^ed into frn.wth of h.mp instead .)f tU-sh
Minis .,t li..avi..r w-.i-ht tlian this do fairly well, hnt th.- cheapest fraiiis are usnally
mad., wh.-n th..y ar.. put int.i the ..rat.-s w.-iirhins.' li^ss than five pounds, or tiefore thev
ar... tiv.. months ..f a^'...
Strong Constitution Essential.
If the h<.st r.suits are to he ..htain.-.i in ,.rat.. f.-edin-. th.- hir.ls must have stron-r
constituti..ns. '1,, ..xp..,.t a hir.l f.. tliriv.. an.l jiut .,ii tU-sli in the f....din.' .'rat., i"
alM.ut the same as to ..xp.-(.t a pull.'t to -ive ..-'s .lurim.' wint<.r s..as,,u. Without a
stroiii: c.iiistitution results ..aniiot h.. ohtaine.l in eitlier ..aso.
Treat for Lice.
l^etore pnttinp hirds into the ..rate they shoul.l he trrate.l for li.v. Drv sulphur
..r h... p..w<l..r .,t any kind will answ..r the purpos.-. It sh.)uld he th..r.m-iilv sift..,l
into th.. featliers. th.uijrh sulphur if appli.-d t.m hi-o]y may cause a seurf ,.f the skin
If iiec.-ssary the op.-rati.ui shoul.l h.- r..peat(Hl once ,.r twice duriufr the f....dinf:- p.-ri.ul
II... crate ^should h.. kejit .-lean and disiinfccted hy whitiwashiufr or sprayiufr"
The Feeding.
Tlic lippiiiiiiiiK of tlio frodinp iicriod isi nii.>t iniixirtiinl. It' llu> liinls liavp tVc<l iii
iiiiir iiinin tln'.v .-liiiiilil iiii,»> It iiii;il oil bt'iiiK |iu( ill till- fral«'», uml llii-ii Itid >iiciiii(l
m; givi'ii spuriiit-'ly tor .-mriil dny.-. To Iced l)ird?* nil tlicy will cut for tlic lir~t feu
o.iy> iiiciius iiidit;c>ti()ii and tliiii liiril^. 'I'licy \v.\w liccu aicMi>toiMc(l to free raii«i' ami
iiicwliat limited l.od. and tin' i-iiaiiLrc tc craiiiiH'il iniartcr- ami uiiliiiiitnl food is
i"rc than tlic Ijcaltiiic.-t cin -taod and, a> a rc^^llt. tlicy [u-c 'licir apliclitc .iiid ^'cl
iiiiiiiicr iii>tcad of fatter.
I'crsoii^ who have attcniptcd crate feidiiiy liav< iiiplaiiicd thai the lurds eat udl
: r the first fi'W days when, in spite of all that can he done, tln\v ref\i>c tii eat ami
.lave till' erato thinner than when they wcin in. Thi- i- ;hc fault of the feeder feed-
iii; too heavily at the >tart. As a rule it is hettcr to Icivr the hirds without any fooil
; r the fir,-.t twcnty-foiir hours after cnterint: the crate-. Tlio-e that have I, em -hipped
., (Ii>taiice, however, are pretty well i-tarvcd when reecivrd, and they may he fid earlier.
iiit care must lie taken that the fi'cd fur the tir-t two or three day- i- yiven -parini;ly.
Thi- aim should he to keep the hirds fairly huns-'ry, never -ati-tied until they
i ic.iiic u>cd to the confined ipiartcrs. After that as much feed a- they will take, twii'c
^i day. >hoill(l he t;iven. .\ftcr cacli feed clean the trout'li, an<l if tlii> wcatlic r 1- warm
-He water at noon to drink. A feed (^f ^:rit -liould he jriveii three lime< a week.
How Long to Feed.
.Inst how loiu.' a period the <'rate fcediim should he continued depend- 11)1011 the
ird- and the market. Some hird> will stand fecdiiiir lonycr than other-. .V- a rule,
• takes at lea>t three week.- I.1 ch.iiitic ihe texture nf tile, llesh. 'riicre may he oini-.
'Wever, that will not stand more than ten day-. 'I'lic-e -hould he taken out ,iu-t as
"'11 as it i- noticed that they are not c.-itiiiy well. Other hird- will stand it fnr f'Hir
;■ hve weeks, and for a special marki t it mif^iit im.v to feed this lenirtii of time. I'.ut,
. - a rule, till' hest frains are made duriiiL'' the first three wick-, ami many ]iri fi r to
I'd no loiifxcr than thi- time, I.ariic lecdcr- claim that the c|ieape-t irain- are made
• I u'ini:' the lir-t ten or twelve day-, aial Mime m.iy fci'd for a shorter time even than
■ 1-.
r.irds fell ti'ii ivelvo days on a milk diet may he called "milk fed." hut the
lallty of the tie ■; h.v no means as frond as the tlesk of hirds fed for three or four
• ek.-. It is c|uit. .ossihle that in order to make it jia.v a liifrher price would liave to
■ asked for the ioufrer fed hirds, hut they are worth it. Feeders who eater to an
■.Ira fancy market have to feed three or four weeks at lea^t to tret (|uality.
H
ll
f n
III
ii
ii
111
Rations.
Finely irrouiid oats, with the coar-e hulls sifted out: oats and corn in ei|ual prn-
rtion: oats, harley and corn: oats, harley and hlK'kwhcat : oats and miildlinirs:
rley and miildlinir-: and nian.v other eomhinations may he u-ed aceordini;' to the
i'c. Wild hiickwheat as >ifled out of woterii irrain elevator- makes ;in ideal fi'cd
' !-■ E.xperimeutal Farms report fur I'.ilf. iia^rc- IMiil to OT^l).
Mixing the Ration.
.\lmost aii.v farm fxround irrain mixed with milk will an-wer. Whole irrain -Imuld
\er ln' friven. All teed should he irroimd .ju-t a- tine a- |iii--iiile. A mixture of
eral grains jrive- the he-t re-ult- in tliat the hirds do not tire of a varict.v as -imu
the.v do of one feed. Their feed should all he ted in a wet >tate, mixed to the cou-
leney of iiorridfTc. so that it can he poured from a jiail or dipped out with a flat ladle
-hiiifrle. The hest mixiiifr material is huttermilk. Skim-milk comes next, l^etter
iilts will he ohtained when the milk is sour and mixed one feed ahead. A little .-alt
led to the mash makes it more palatahle. and the chickens will eat more of it. If
■ milk is not i>rocurahle and water has to he us(><l tor mixinir, ."> to lit per cent o*"
imal foods, such as heef MTiip or hlood meal, niifrht he added to the frraiii mixture,
up made from boiling heef lieads can be used in this conne<'tioii. None of these
■t
-'*'- ■'• •- ' r.'-iilt- II- tlir iMilk. ail. I ih.y iir.' ailvi-nl ,.iil,v wlu-n tlir tiulk i- not t ■
Im- llilll.
Have it Palatable.
In mixing a ration for .rat.- l.-.dlnn one- ol llic tir>t filing'- to <'on>iil.T i- tl,
paliitalulity ol the to,„|. If tli.. hinl- .1 ! likr it. lli.y will ii.it rat <■ -1, to put
on tiir tli-li. .\fM to tlii- roiii.., tlir -iiiHi-it ion of tlio f K and tlicir <-o.t. '11, r
ration nin>t l.c palatalilr iind one thai : prothic-u lli>li without i-o-tiii- to., niii.li.
Starving.
Till' .■hicUi'ii- nuiM \<o starv.'d twvnty-fonr li.>nr- l.rforc Uillinj,'. 'I'lii- will pr.'vn,'
111.' food rnnaiiiiiiir in tlu' <rop and iiifrstin.'s. wnirli d,-,oinp..-(- and -poiU tin' tlavoin
Scvrral lioiir-* after tlie hi-t tVrd alL.w the ,-liicl<,.n- wliat water tliey wi^li to drini-,
I I ley ^ll.||lld then Inne a eoiiiplete fa-t until they are killed.
■r
Killing.
For market piirpo,,., the hirds >lionld he killed l,y hleediiifr within the month in: !
pier.-in^r the hrain. 'i'he a.'e.iinpaiiyintr illii>lration -li..w- li.iw tlii- i- done, tli.nii;,
|ira.-tiie aloiK' uill make oiii' I'theieiit.
Cooling.
liird- -hoiild he th.ir.iiitrhly c led heh.re paekiii!.'- for -hipment. Tlii- may h.
'' ''> halll;in^' ,.ii a riu'k or plaeiiiy on a -hapiiiij' iH.ard. 'I'he -hapinir hoanl inake-
.• nioi-r .'ompaet earea- and .me that is ea>ier t.i pack, th.iutrh the Iminriiii.' rai'k i-
111. ire t:enerally u>ed hy larir.' paekiiii.'' tinii-.
h\
Packing.
When th.iroiiiihly eool. paek in neat Imxe-. prelernhly tho.-c lioldiny nne (1..7ei
hird-. (Irade to -i/e and .piality, and if the hox i- lined with parchment paii.r it ad.l-
to the appeariiiiee of the paeka^;c when opened and l.i the keepiiifr (pialitie- of th
eoutuuts.
f..
How to Kill.
Tlip iMiisirntinn rppri^scnts tlio inof of tho Innls mouth .Triil tlif> Vfin^. tho town- jaw lier
ipitiovimI. Till- «liit ■ ill, Ilk M.Kjss ih- vfiii on tlio lelt si.lf of tin- Imils n.-. k ;.; thy .,;aie o .
t.) IiUhmI. The whit.- niaik in th.' i uof ol tlu.' mouth in.ln,ii.-.> tlu- |,l.u-.- o, , ntcr t'li,. 1,1a. 1,-
slrike th'? liiain.
I'liofix/nipl, of ,1,1 („■',, iii,„l ,l,;iiii„'i l,,i Ih: .1. II. \\'i,l.-ir,n;\ li'wloq.rnl hihnnito,-
OH,ni;i. n,if.
Published by authority of Hon. MARTIN BURRELL, Minister of Agriculture, Ottawa, Or
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