^. . f. ^ * • .•., ■'#-■• ( .. IMAOE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^iF ,W| ,<' |u 1.0 2 "^ lU ■2.2 5f HA ■■■ : itt no u&m '*& -jbCI6O06S Gorporatiaiv 47U)t7a-4S<» ■*& CIHM Microfiche Series (IMonographs) ICMH Collection de microfiches (mohographies) f»* ^- .. Canadian Inatituta for HIatoricai Micrbraproductiont / InatHut Canadian da microraproductiona hittoHquaa ^ '* If TiM l«Mlt«iM* Ml at icIMi •!*• tn«M •fftlM4Nt.ara D D D Caw M Ciwari rwtavai ««4/«r lamiMti^ CoMvwMf* rwlMfte at/Ml paNlMiMa Utitratfil I I tmtm D Inaraii 0.*. •*« tfMn Mm or yMliI/ (l.«. airtr* «Mi Mmm o«» noktl □ ColoMwd ptMM Mii/ar MMMrMlom/ othsf HMMcM/ La wMmw MTfte p«rt rfltwnioii la iMif da la iiiaoows Of oisiociiofi 4b I'oiiilHa ou da la may stILmm^ wMiifi tfia taut. WlMoavar hav^- III lora tf'iMia raataoration i lalaiila, n'ont AflMiioiiai^adiiNiiaiittr / TMt itmi ii f Hmad at tha Ca doc y w i ant att Hkni au taoK raduction ratio chachad balow/ 10X 14)( ItX mi 12X IftX aox NNWm ■ MaMA aalpr orfonad/ r~~V MiowihroMfh/ i r~~l Quallty'of 0rint varlat/ ylLj QimNI* inHila da I'lmpraiiion r~~j ContiiHiow pafina t io w / I I Pafifiation eontinoa n n Indudat kidaMtat)/ Comprand im (dat) indaM Titia on haadar tahan from:/ La titra da I'afi-tAta provlant: TitIa pafa of iMua/ fata da titra da la livraiHMi r~~| Caption of ittua/ Titra da depart da la livraium D 0An4riq«*a (pAriodiquat) da la livraiton 22X 2«X 30X '24X 2tX 3 32X ^ Tilt MTV fN*n«4 t««r« Np bMfi n pf»<iwi th«nM !• th* fWfotttv tf I L'Mcmptok* fllm4 fiit n^n^uH griM i It •«n4fO«Ht 4t: UnlvtrtJty of Toronto Archlvtt Unlvtrttty of Toronto Archlvtt TfM Imtf^ ttpttrtng htft art tlit bMt qualHy ttMlbIt oofttMtdnfl th« eontfltltn ami ItJilblNty of tht orif IntI oopy mmI In hatplnf with th» IMmlnt «tf)|rt«t tptt ^ lttfonf. Ltt knsfiM MilvtntM ont ttt rtfKodultM tvM It piut frand aoln. «omtt« ttmi ci« It oon^lflon tf dt It ntttttt dt I'tHtmpltlrt fHmt. tt tn ' oonf Of mlt4 tvtt ltt tOfidHlofM dw tofitrtt «■ fllmtft. ^"^ ^ ■! Ortglntrtopitt In printtd ptptr oovtrt trt fllmtd btfllnnlnfl wHti tht front oovtr and anding on tht Ittt pf fit with a printad of llluatratad Imprtt- alon. or tho book oovar whan approprlata. All othar original capiat ara fllmad liaglnnlng on tha firat pt«t with t printtd or llluatratad Impraa- alon. and anding on tho Ittt ptgt with t pfinttd Of Nhfttrtttd Imprtaalon. Lta tKtmpltlrtt tflglntuM dont It aouvorturo wn paplar aat Imprlmta aom fllmta an aomminttnt ptr It prtmltr pItt tt tn ttr mifttnt aolt par la dar nMra pagt qui comportt urtt tmprtlntt d'Imprtaalon ou d'lNuatratlon. aolt par la aacond plat, aalon lo oaa. Toua laa autraa aiiamplalraa orlglnauii aont fllmta fi oommon^ant par la pramltfa pago gul comportt unt tipprtlntt d'Imprtaalon ou d'lNuatratlon ot an tormlnant ptr It dtrnltrt ptgt qui tompOftt unt ttNt tmprtlntt. ; ^ Tht Ittt rttordod frtmt on ttoh mioroftcht ahall contain tht aymbol — ^> (moaning "CON* TINUIO"!, or tho aymbol ▼ (moaning "IND "). wMthtvtf tppNtt. Un dtt ayrtiboitt aulvtfitt tpptrtttrt tur It dtrnltrt Imtgt dt chtqut microflcho. colon It ott: It aymbolo -^ algnlfia "AtUlVfll ". la tymbolo ▼ tlgnHIt "PIN". ^ Mtpt, pittta, oharta. ate may ba fllmad at diffarant raductlon ratloa. Thoao too Itrgt to bt tntltf ly In cluded In ont tiipoaurt trt fllmtd btglnrffnv^ln tht upptr Itft htnd corndr. M| to right trul ttp to bottom, ta mtny frtmj|fiii rtqulrtd. Tht following ditgrtma lllui^tllit mtthod: ■ ' • ' -^ - ■ .1. ■ 2 ■ Z ]\ Lot ctrttt. pitnchtt. ttblttuH. ttc, ptuvtnt Atrt fllmtt i dtt ttuM dt rtducllon dlfftrtntt. Loraqut It document ott trop grtnd polir Atro rtprodult tn un atul cllcht. II ttt fHmA A ptrtir dt I'tnglt auptrlaur gtucht, dt gtucht A droftt. tt dt htut tn bta, vn pranant la nombra d'Imtgtt nActtttlrt. •Lta diagrtmmtt aulvtntt llluttrtnt It mAthodo. »' % 5 6 i .%^^ u- PASS PRBNGH pD 1 ,:,'. ■,■ iH Tim ^' '-> w ,. •, ■'■ '•V * UNIVERSimy ^'* ♦ ' *:.i^v^-:m;ti;,;^ .«] Pt^tmn VimAp »v M«. W. H. FMAMta. B.A . BftroM tittllMiBlltt Lahouaob A»mi6iation ow Ontabio.' Anut so; ilfB. .1' ;- •t ■ • , . r ^1 •:y|:; -v 'S rlfi ■ ■^, .■.-. ■», '' ,-^.'- ^-.^yj^ rir' 'Ml ^•ism^jiM*?^*'. ^ ^^j •* • » ii: * k;:'' M' al.M^ 1 .»' It 'Si. • -« Pass jBJiJjgB .AND GerijaW' V ^^ ■ : '..•^^' IN Ml g>- UNIVERSITY OF TORpNTO. 'if>i 'ttmmmtmfHtm. -,*-, -('-*(-* ..J,' -r, .4>--; : .4 •*• .:' t ■r >r l^r- :! i^^ij " ■ - r- "v.*. • ' ■ . - The pass course of the University of Toronto forms the basis of the Arts curriculum of that institution. On the one hand« it repreeeots tlie minimum requirements upon which the degree of Bachelor of Arts is granted, audi 06 the other hana, it is the common ground from which under-^ graduates enter upon one or other of the varioua honour courses. Owing to the fundamental nature of ttie past course any changes affecting its prescriptions or the prin< dplea according to which it ie franm are of peculiar importance to the educational system of this province^^ Changes of a very radical character have recently beeb made in that curriculum affecting the subjects of French and German, and hence I have thought that an inquifjr into the past history and future prospects of thoM la^agueg^s as uQivOTsity studio is one especially suitable to tfie pceient occasion. From a v^ early date in the hittory of the Vniveralfjr •Itliar French or German had a place as obligatocy nilijctt^ of ^udy on the p^a curriculuoi. Tins pw^too tl|i^ r«r^ tiimpd with increasing importance until very raotntly* At . tke present date |li«y are n^l recogniied ill alt;0«i ihi^ '■*-fv»f|-|: - V % tt* curriculum at obliMtory. Sit€h« in Wift(« it ihtir history. In d«Uil it it m foUowt. In 1849 th« lectariAn university known at King's CoI> lana waa Mcularia«d, and in 1853 it waa divided finally into two inatitution*— the Univeraity of Toronto (a curriculum* nakiiif, examinittg and dagree-confarrinc body) and Uni* veraity College <a purely teaching body), both entirely aon-denominational. In other words, the University was teculariied and l>eca;ne provincial, national. The curricu- lum was {henceforth made, and still continues to be mad« by the Senate of the University of Toronto. Befofe th« •ecularication of the University the B. A. decree had been granted on a courae conaistiiic of Greek, Latin, Mathe^ .1%: :lf 1' matica, Natural Philoaophy, Natural Theology and Evi< dencea. Logic, Metaphyaica and Ethica. Shortly after the organization of the Univeraity of Toronto the curriculum waa reconatructed. What took place is thus described in^i an editorial article of the Olobst loth June^837 :— " Th« Senate, aa we understand, since it recel^d its recent, inliiaion of new blood, has considerably modified the course; 1 of atody prescribed, giving a greater prominence to Modernj^ Languagea and the° Natural Sciencea than they hav«^ heretofore received, and thereby adapting the ayatem ot V piniparatory teaching to the wanta of the province, wher«v the old ayatem of making everything subordinate to Greek' end Latin waa peculiarly out of place." The remainder of the article from which thia ia taken eatabliahea beyond a doubt that the educatora of that time realised fully what^ they were doing and why they did it. The changea wer#' not made at -haphazard, but were introduced with reference' to a clearly defined principle. Further on in the aame artlde the Olob$ aaya :—** Reform haa begun in a wim direction, when tt ii no longer deemed indiapenaable t«>, cram down our provincial throata a whole edi^tionalH ayatem for no other reaaon but becauae it haa tM time- hallowed aanction of Oxford and Dublin. What suitt * lather of theae localitiea admirably may prove very unsuit- able for Canada/* One may reaaonably infer from the tohe of the above utterance that the reforms were nof; cstried oat without opposition, as waa indeed the ease*' The sturdy indejisndence of thought end the vigour of ■■/■ "'♦. ■ . »• f.> "> •■■■ U' "■ ■ , ./ ; .t%: # ''if > ' »■ f.-^: • C- u -i^t ■ / ,»■■ /■■■■ t ,*. ',. ^'-t " J4 vapramDn si« iijibi iciw m ic <w Titott oiyi^ dw tllf . important thing of all it the inoontrovwtibto principla laid down, Til., that <h« taaching of th« national univanHy ought to be da^arminad bv tha raquiraniMta ol tha country. In othbr words, tha univaraity axiatt for tha banaAt of tha country, and not tha country for tha banaflt of tha univf ratty. Further evidanoa that tha framing of tha Univaraitv curriculum was a burning quaat ion at that tina it gleaned from tha convocation tpaach of tha lata laamad Pretident, the Rev. Dr. McCaul, delivered 30th Oct., 1837. Here we aee more clearly in detail why tha changaa wara made. Referrina to the oppoaition which the raforma had ^met with, he taid :— " Permit me now at briefly at poaaibia to advert to a miaapprehention which prevaiia in certain quartan; I allude to the objettion which haa been oflan urged, particularly by ffraduatea of the ancient univenitiea, that we have too largely incrfated the number of our aub- iectt. Now, let ut firtt of al(||kderttand what the objactioo It. In Literature we have olaek and Latin, to which no O^ection can be made ; we have alto French and Gar- Mi* Aano Spanith and Italian, they are optional aub- jecti; and we have alto Oriental Literature. We hav# Mathematict and Natural Philoaophy, and in addition, Chemiatry, Zoology, Botany, Natural History, Mineralogy and Geology. Thaae are the additional tubjectt, to that the objection limita ittelf to the Modern Languagea and the Natural Sciences. Now, in the firtt place,4 would obaerve that we have added only thoae tubjectt which within the latt few yaart have made the greatest progreaa, or the utility of which has been so universally recogniaad that it ia necessary to acquire them as the essential ele« nents of a good education. (Applauae.) Ia it daairabia that we ahould send forth our graduatea without any knowledge of thoae Modern Languagea, which are now ao important*— or without a thorough training in their own ▼emaeulmr tongue ? Time waa when learning and acianca aalectttd Latin aa tha favourite vehicle of oommunicatioai but thai time ia now past. And ao in o^mt dapaitmaotak Than ia no acholar, who omitted early to acquaint hfawmtf with the Modem Languages, but who haa had cause hi deep regret. What ach oUr, fo r example, ' " " It. \< t# m: ''gfw^mi p •»•.•>«■'• ■ r^ « / *-^i k :i: '% ,^^is, III wlilcfi tlw wry hlfh«t thouirhtt w<thitt <h« imogv of th« hum«n iflTillcct are to b« Tound. but bM tiiiSff«d from th« IomT' ami more to the Mm« «il«ct. The baeit of the reforroe introduced could not be mor« dearly laid down, entire cannot but admire the breadth of view and intelligent foreaight of the learned Preeident at 'that early date, eapeciallv when we reflect that he had been tvared aa a claaeicttt of the meet atraiteat sect. The prin* df>l« which he enunciated ia a moat important one in thia diacuaaion. The Univeraity. so to tpealc. made up ita miod that in Upper Canada at least from that time forward Ani# 60uld not claim to be called a scholar without a k^^adge of at least one modern language, besides some knowledge of Natural Science. Prom reiterated enuncia- tkm of thia principle it ia quite clear that the University had laid it down aa a fundamental one in ita acader^iie policy. For eiample. in hia convocation speech of 23th October. 1861, Dr. McCaul aaya further :—•• In a national OoUcge for such a country as this, the course of studv must be adapted to the practical wants of the people. This haa been done in University Colleae by the introduction of the Modem Languages and the Natural Sciencea; thinga of immediate practical importance, and f hich are known to be auch in the busineaa of life." f In i860 the curriculum wa8>evi8ed, but the policy already defined was adhered to/ I quote the folk>wing, bearing on theae changea from Dr. McCaul's convocation apeech of Oct. aslh. 1861 -.—"With regard to subjects of instruction, changes have been made since 1851-4 (the transition year). Theae changes wer^ ma4« by the Unk veraitv (i.e., the Univeraity Senate) , ,.• they arc ac-; cepted by thia College (i.e.. University College). . . f It may M proper to mention, however, that the Mn«ri| featucea of the course are preserved though some chanfffli^^ have been made^the Greek and Latin cUsaica, Matho^ matica ao4 Natural Philoaophy, Engliah and French, the Natural Sdeiicaa, including Zoologv and Botany, Min^- akcy and Gaokigy, Metaphysics and Ethica and the Evm danoM of Natural and Revealed Religion, forroinff eaiential perta of the courae for those who are proceeding' to a degr e e." — . .. .„-., . , ^' ' --ST-, r¥*- ■^bPbiw^'Jj' £*». KJs^Pft; i-yff ^ ■% « ' '»'■ ^-"^^ -^ It will b« conv«ni«nl to tlAte h«f« that th« only impor* .j^::^ taat cbangM in th« p«M cttrricuJum frooi that tima till now kava b««n thoM aflvctioff th« ralationi of th« fbraifn Ian* Siaf«a : hanca, onlv •ucli changaa naacl ba conatder«d ill it papar. It will be convanient alao to nota that, at tl •Concaaaion mainly to atudantt having thaolofy in viaw. tha Univentty haa uniformly, ainci at laaat 1857, acccplad Hahrav^tt an aquivalent to aithar Pranch or Garnun. Furthar, nota that until 1865 Garman bagan in the aecond year, and waa an equivalent to French ; from iM< on II bagan in the firat year. To complete the daacriptloo of ^ tha aarly curriculum, it la eaaentiai to atate a fact lil|it i».~ — — \ m g ii i arally known, and which ia fictiiil to oiiMli tm * frianda the claaticitti to lift up holy handa of horror, vli.. "" that from at least 1857 (earlier calendara are lacking), and continuously till 1877. in their third and fourth year, ** Un* der^aduatea were not reauired to take both 'Greek and Latm ' and ' French and German,' but either at thair option." Nothing better illustratea tha broad and Itberal -#.* Hi. r polim|of thoae earlv educators with reference to the Mod< ari^ppngu«f®»< Ine four languagea were, in t' fourtn year, put oi) a basis of pariect equality, and tha atu- the third and dent could take hia choice. The nearest approach to J hit liberality haa been the curriculum of 1890, which said that _an undergraduate should take Uny two of Gr^k, French, German, m any year of the courae. In view of this fact. It IS pertinent to aak who are the innovatora— thoae who demand recognition of the equality of the languages or thoae who refuae it?' ''^"^' .'-i...- m^ ;*..•.,.. ' . v> •• Reviaion of the curriculum took place again in i$6s« wfien the pass course was arranged under the headrof^' ^* fixed " and " variable." From 1865 tUl 1877 there ia hardly any change except in the wordmg, and in nonis of the reviaiona of thia period waa any aubatantial dianga made on the curriculum aa already cfeacribed. • In the reviaion of 1877, the whole form of the curricu- lum waa changed ; the pass and honour courses were laid - down much aa at present, and French and Oerman took the firit atep in tneir downward career. Their poaitioii waa atill, however, honourable as compared with that which they now hold. Thia curriculum preacribea that a f^i^S'A :y^. I- 4 » tW . » ■ nndatgradiMM flMU laha (o«t #liMI»< \ Kit ttiid«iiniaiiAt« tuau CAM io«r fHm ^^ ««■■« Vft ■k, Mid iw^ pmmwt •ith«ff Fr«M #r G«r8iMi. Bt M nriTJpto «f liss. that a MhoUr niytt know •ooMtMiif «f «.»o4mii laiiffu«c«, WM nm maifitauMd. but th« loog- •ootinwd opMoQ iMtwMn Gattict and Modaftia is tM Hiiffd Md fcNmh y««ff VM withdrawn. In ihia iorai th« ^ fiiiffictilMiii OMtkiiMd 101 |885» wIma ft mw and moat iin* pQllaiit pHsclflt waa introduoad. Tha Univeraity in tM tSlj ra^lloo not ooly aliil aftronad that a ipan nuat kno« kitsch or Ganmufi to ba a acholar, but it went larthar. and liid th«l a nan might baooma a tcholar without a know* lidfa ^Qfmk, Inaaa ara tha two aaaantiala aa rafardt IpvlfiiiMpHpifln which tha curricotom waa baaad up t|y>Uf«h. 1891. a data t^ ba raforced to Utar. Tha iS8f MfriciUoai praacribaa lour yaara of Latin plua four yaari of Graah, #r four yaara of Latin plua four yaara of Francb^ 9m4 GarnMtn (no Graak). But to make quite aure that na BJi*4^Wi ahould be grantad without a modern Unguags it kttihm praacffibad that avary man ahould take two year* (liM#ftt and aacond) of ona or other of French or German, ha took Greek or not. Thia obviouaiy made • tjftff in tha 6rtt and aecond yeara. ao that, to baU ^ natlalra, tha eurriculum said further that a nuui who took tha Pnmoh and German option ahould, in hia aecond vMtfr, taka sot ooly paaa but honour French or German (bot wHh ooly paaa atandiog). Thia regulation should be MfofiiUy undafitood. Put mto other worda it aaid : Four wMira oc Lotin Ibr OYarybody ; any Itao of Greek, Frencli» Gorman in tha firat year ; any two of Graak, French, Geff m§m (paa% ood kooour) in the aecond year ; and atthar , Gtaik Of Fcandi |4iia German m the third and fourth yoortb^ Thk oiNrrio«kim renoioed in force for fiva yaara. . Ia 1890 tha cuniculum undarwoot what at that time na# kftmrnm ouinquanDial roviaion, and praaoribad for iSgmr 189J that avary ondacfraduata obottld taka four ye*n ft iUSmu pUm iMir yoaca cl any low ol tbo thiaa: Greeft» rionch, Ofiooii Obaorro that thia praa€riDik>n ia proi ibilyldi^iH rth that of 1885 •• wwd^ tKa tot y«M| Mortkultr idoaftiool for thia aacoodfear, and that tki ilioidir laii down lor two yaara of tbo coorao and rof4oua Bva yoa«, waa maiwfe^ if tv ii»r. ' \ t .« . t* f, "^ nil if ■ • f % ''■t. '- "*>V^ *^- ^* ... ."^^ ^ ,•'!*'' -^ \ <pV v» Frtfieh •r thiftd Mid four! fta all ; If >4: %;. -..Ai_^ »■■' I f-:/'v Jb tiM Afti two only— « vary trMlof diAiiM, wImm it li *1h«tiJ ii ii Huu • ttttdMl who pa ivmilad hliiMtIf o#C|t %ptloii to tbt ArtI and mooimI y««r« wo«ki «lfnot|:&ilUtf UblycoBtiniM lo do m i« th« third and foarth. ..i'^^ v »^ TIm 1190 ravisioa wm mtcb t^h fraat curt. TIm •vrriottliim, m ywd by tiM Scnait^ wm tiM r«Mli ol •MMTOut confwWKMt bctwMn th« Bomrd of Ar(t Sttadk« iPd tlM Fftctilt V of Art*. T1i« ralMliona ol the lor^pi U»r fnUy dlMiMMd mmI mdlmmmd wil||4h« uamIF- ol all p d WiM eoncorood, and it w^ hopt^tM and tlmpio •olmiMb|^a.|fouk>toooin« pni^ had bmn found. Thia C4i!rtMiHil). h9ir«vor, hadlMfiii foroo but ft few 010111118 Wbrn^^i^^jl^kch^^ 1991, on th« evo ol the annual «iiaminationt,.|ji;'|hA«^lwat paiaod by tho SMftte doctarinic in allBct tbifilpil atiould b« conaidarad •quftl to Franch «imI Carman , mtd Ml tqual to French or ^Omwmtk, aa in tho 1896 cur riculum, Thia chanfo hid bean urgad by the OjltaHo CUieicftt AllortKion. ftoCinf under the influence of the fear that the new cmriculum would be fatal to Greek in the echoola. , N01V, it ia a fact that Greek haa declined in the achoola. According to the atatiatica of the Report of the Miniater oC Sdiication for 1891 it haa declined from 10 per cent, of the iriiolft number of pu|>ila in 1877 to 5.3 f in 1890, but tufely ' Only the moet complete disregard of the facta would lead to the inference from them that thia decline depended upon the preaoripttona of the University curriculum. For •xample, between 1880 and 1885, when Greek wet etUt required throughout the wl|a|le University 'Course, it declined from 8.6 'f ol the whole number of pupila in 1880 to 6.4 > in 1885, whereaa from 1885 to 1890, when the cur- neiMuin wee in ita ^liacta precisely what was contempUited in the 1890 currioulun^ Greek declined oolyfrom 64 -¥ to 5.5 -¥ --less abeolutel3^and less relatively. The causae for the declioe of pass Greek sre evidently to be sought else* Where. Latin, also, declined from 50 per cent, in 1877 to 36 Mr osnt. in 1890. Frenth and German siinply held their own. The total number of pupils in tin sehooki . worktof directly for matriculation is about i^fioo, or 5 pes f\ »' .(^f 4* t •■'•'■'. wftHwwty natricitUiioii. H«ff« is anoitMif Iaci : Tim mumbut of c«Ml«(UtM in I §91 fot high tchool pfiiniry ami li«vtnc iMftlftcaf* WM «.7iS'*« •!•»««« foo canaid^«« fef RMitncttlAtioo c«ftihcat«. GrMk and iMtim mutt tMii in such facts m th«M an •ipUoatton- for thatc decffMM. ratK«r than la th« nature of the University cur- riculum, and to mtuit French ami CMiiiiail iito lof ibrnksM that thay too are at a tiandatiil. — ^ '^ ; ^ - Graatiag. however« for the moment that the fata of Giaak in the achooia doea depend upon the untveratty cur* Hitlaai. which ia not the cane, what (f the poailion of thoaa who iiraa tha changa in the curriculum on thit ground r Thay hokl that, in tha hopa otf galvaniaina into renewed life a tubiact of atady whl«h # axpiring in the ichoola, the •oivaraity oaaiaa ahall be diaiortad. and a |{rievoua wrong ^ooa to uoiveraity adticatioa i» this proyinca. Suppoaa Ibat it ware thought daiirabla to force Hebrew into tha aohoola. A regulation whkh, in order to effsct thia» should tmJkB HabaewTn tha Univaraity an Mion aa afaioat Latia %mi Gtaak would be a parallal abaordity. ^ . It ia thna now to tB4|ttira iato tha varioua conaaquancea M tha tlatata laisrrad to. TJiay ara mucl> niora aarjoua than mighft apfiaar at Am ai^. First of aU, tha standard far tha paaa dlfraa liaa baan lowaiadi and this in face of tha laat that tha atandard wia already lanaantably low. From its oMBBiaatiaa aatil liaf«li. itei. tha Univaraity kad dtman^ a knowMga of aithar Franch or GannaA iraafgvafyfMaa-iiian. whatharhatookGradtomot. Thia ia oa laiipr ao: Tha stadeat who tahaa Graah now grad* *• M ij-^. *,» $.- «#, ' •tatiitc hat dimiftMMl fM irTftfmMii«ntt of tfo ▼•ffetti ~ honour d«p«rtm«iitt which had pfVMrrilMd any two of tht tlirw. Gr«tJi. French, German, aa paaa work. Fourthly^ *^Otl lltloM wrofiK hat incidentally been don« to IM itfBrtwmnt of Oriental LanKuaKea. Aa *lrM<ly noted. die U nlverttt y haa tmiformly accepted Heb^viC ■••» M|ut^^ Jpit for either French or German. What has b«en tiM iiect on Hebrew ? It haa become a purely optional attb|ect« Jrffii II the pMeing ol the itttute, the atudenta with th«0- §Dfry in view naturally took Greek and Hebrew. Now (hey nmy omit Hebrew, and moat of them do ao. To such j^ extent ia thia the caae that the claaaea in Hebrow ar« ^Idmoat diaorfanixed. , Laatiy, the new atatute in ile ttat^- ment that Cireek ia an equivalent to both French and ivermen nuikea a diaperaffing and mialeedinf( compariaon, 4rhich ia properly reeented l>y Modern Language Mtcher*, mnd which ad verily affoctt tho itatua of thoae languagei and the atatua of thoae who reprekent them in the achoolt and elaewheri: Of theae conaequencea, the mo«l aerioua ia undoubtedly the lowering of th^pMC atandard. The Senate's aetioo It, in thia reapect, moet difficult to account for. Of the two priociplea upon which, aa alftady ahown. the preecrip- ti4Ni of foreign language! on the curHciihiin depends, ths Senatf repudiated the one which it had affirmed mors thM . thirty years before, and which it had oonstantly ivattn^ mp m Martsh, i%i. Had the Senate repudiated tki iMs nrtnoiple, vis., that a B.A. dsffos may bs givsn WithOi|t OnA, it would have boen lass surpHsinf . BvoiythiMf ^aOmn to indicate that Iho Srai^te kgWatod tmi0m into ia iicnoranca of ths quiMiOn bsl^ it, dr ia dIstotM of the interests of the University, or both. \ m ji\i ■t if 1 190 ct*rric4»iiMi. Oi#y ahoiild ilM Im Ei««rdiiic 9mk « rtt4ic«l cliAim« m ii. TIm ikMid itf m * minority report oa Uh^lf ot ffiofawoi Lo«do« aii4 PlQlHMr G«ttMr»ith. b tttbttanQt^A Inyowti 1. That Jhtttd 9t AiU Simdkm and the Senate after iMfMia qf Umi ^ in Bnmdk 9md Ocrmao with dm nmrnrd to equiv • imSikmbk^ wmM tjkw rim to ambart aaaiAff compticatmiia. ▲. That in odiioatiooal value, FraocFi or German are each aqua! to Gtmk, aod that ao fundamatital are they that the qiiaa* tkw o^ nakiof ooa ol tham obUcatory at matricuiatioo ' WmM tooo arka. On motion ol ProlJMaor Hatton, eecoodadi W Rav. Dr. Sharatoo. the ttatata waa pataad ; a mottoA W adjounimant and alao an aoModmant hy Mr. Houetott and tacondad bv Mr. Embree, to re commit the two refxirts Md tha lattor of Maatra. VaodarSmiatao and Sqiiak to tha Board of Am Slndiaa vith immiwiikem to cooault thn Fffiilty. flora lolad down. Tha lattar ralMvad to waa a iifonf protapt 00 bahalf of Fianch and Carman, and pointed oi»t th^diftotOty aa to aquivakocaa in atich a wav um bi aU furnaaa furthar dalay thould hava baao ffrmiitad. ilit In ipita aln maaonabia raoiaaat for daUiy, and in i^to Of Ika pvopoial lo oonaiilt the Fai:iilty. tha ttattita waa al mm jpmmd thsmtmh So ■troncly did tha Faculty iaal in ttp mtim, that allUntxt maatiii a mqnaat waa MnUgn ik§ Smam that Jioiduuigat iiia«El bo mada in the Aftr fWiiMTihliiiTrilhiintniiainiiiiinn Milh tha F»^^^ AklM^ik ^ ' - . ■-,.'.'« ...■■-'■ *- ' . " * ' ■,■-.' V* ' J . * ,■ » i n* • > k,. « luMll -a'iiSlIri *'f ^ Ml . * -■"♦.- V* f'iH ■ > « iuiUmHSkoiitfkmm^^mmkBmy Aii armmdaMl to Ik* afiMMlm«iil by ¥wlkmmot Nsyaat . •ccoodcd by lir iMBbf^ diMi>provtoff of the U>«r«f ifiK of tbs tlAodArd *fiH«l0MMMIf •pptovaior tiM kMic-««labli»h«d iKiiicy ol iha UnivaraKf dcniandinc Frtnc*!. (>«f iii«ii» m Hmkmmm ot ftIA dam mm '*mmB IqM on lb* Colkiwinic dlvkkm : Ymui— Dr. Ailnn*. rrofuiotitJithTiiTh. Loudoo. Hmymmt^Dr. D*«aft, IUmt^ EmbTM. Spblton. Hcmetoo. Torrtnclofi. (9)' .ifn*--^ DaaiaI Wilton. FralMMra Hultoo, AMtj, Btkm, Drt. Witgtm^mmi€m, McFarUna. Aibint. CMnaron, R«v. FciMT TMfy, M«Mro. AylfiMworth. Barvick. CrMbnan, ilMt, ll«eit«n. MicMurchy. King < 17). Tb« tiMcial com* .aiittM Kpofted to th« Senate in June, end the rtpoft* ' vhich Ml et bUof«% m tiiU in the haiide oi the Uomtd of ^it ,# Your Committee to whom wmt leMed the qiiimonof ^relatione of. Greek, Frentb* end German in the peae courte l)og to recommend as ft>llowe : (1) A final laiieCeC' lory loltttioQ ol thie queetion wiU not tie attained in their opiniott, until peM Greek ia required of boooar atudeoto in llodern Languagee. Ifthia change w«fo«Mi4e4lliocy«icit» liim of June, 1890, aa U atood prevkma to the ameoding alaliite of laat March, could be again enforced, and the ati tf^T g aUtute could lie properly atnack out. (a) Bat, ioaaiMtcb na any auch change could not come into Ofitfniionttmil at leaat two yeaia' notice had b«BO given to t£e ^boola, your Committee feoommend, aa the beat kpmediale aettlaaoent of Ihe oneatkn. the nieaeffiptioii of llM fiijBiiiiiii optaooa kx eaadidatea halting liobr^ t^Pnga §jai tho diiiUliiM, mirtend of pfnaiot aota, fwMl«kfQU«flmi 'k-4^A X ■ 1' %0- ft |M«(poMi it ttnlUft c«fft«in comlilioii •tiltrvly witliottt ■bMriiig on lh« fMM ooofic thoukl tM CulAIUd. What it tll*t ooIkIIImni f TliAt |MM GfMli Im loifKiMti on iMmoat HaiMMi Nl Ii>l4wni> TIm inportanl question m IS wiMlte Um pMt tlftiKUnl it to IwpwmaiMntly low«ra4 IT Mirli |o dtpmtd not on its m«rii», but on wl>«th«r a ip# mora pupiki in ih« tchoob could bs t^curml lor pmm Gr««t[ by kmnomnm ii on Modern Lannuagc tttidcntft. I •h«Jl not mp bMPt w show IhAt. (or ccrtftia ftMima which thlt •piMl ooromlttaa %rM ifnoruil o^ tin »#f j i r«m«<ly pf«i ^0Md k tin|>oaiit>l€ of appliCAtiont but I «hAil mcreiv |kmii|, <Hit that lb« whok original ooniimtioti of Profsaaor Hutto« and tlMMa who Ibonght with him. that Graali was aouaJ ti| dMBcialty to Franch and German, la here rntireJy abaooone^ and that conaequantly the whole argument on which th« chatiM wia bmd waa vtcioua. Surely a Senate committeo Mttkf hardly tiaccoad bolter in ttultifying itadl and tho FurtlMr ia N«v., 1891, the Picultv paaaed by a larfg AM^^ority tbo following rMoJution : •* That the Facuitv hav» itf i oooakkred tbo lOfMirt of the Committae of the aenal« (ito above) are of opinion that the beat aolution of tbg HMdnMm ofaatad by tba lata cbangea in the curricuiuoi JiiMng tbo ralalkMa of Greek, French and German it to iMira an paaa trndargtadttataa to take in each year ol wir QOUfW my two of tba four languagea: Graal^ Hobrow, Ffooeb, Gamurn." The Faculty tbua to-aflkroad Jlt>49MMi ol lioD^aiKl avao wtmmf^ fartbar in tba^ 4lwatiapol afcii|aa c at i a n. TUaiaoommaDdatioa.togatbar mi/k a BWttoB iy Mr^ Honatoii to laqu^ Gtaak, French 4^ It* * % , • •:»« ?% It ••y conliiiiK thm pr«M;til ttluAliufi. • obi«ctioi»t to thta have *tr««djr hmn r#c^«d l» ^i^IlM towcfftntf ol tt»« •tamlard. lh« fttwufftl to caUtd •i|aivAl«ao0. tfU ov«flurnin|[ o( (irrAiH|mti«iilt f«iAUaf to hoouof «l«|Mifliii«iHi, IIm cf^tttK iniu««tc« don* to Htliiiiri IIm frtluiloMt tint •Ml^ipOII rr«iich and G«fm«ii. P thail dMl iMff with only tho tal ol thmm, II. as «m m ^ciUv ttri{«d by Dr. McCauI in ift97> • knowMfO of Frtinch or (Wrman w«t at thai lim« ••Mniial to m UliOffAl wlucaiion, what thall bo Mid of th« yo«r iHqi ? Tlio Uoiv«fMty of Tofonto was perhapa Ibo Ara« Enf Uah apook- te^mnivaffaity to demand thia. So woU haa ita amampla lltn followed that, if th« S«nata hotda to ita raoctionary poaition, the Univetiity of Toronto will ba tho.oolv university of any atanding on thia conttnool kn wblcb French or German it not rrquired for tho ordiiutfy B.A* dtnao. For oxamplc : Columbi« CoU«|e (iSMkt) i»% qairea two yoara ol French and oo« ol Gorman ; CornoU (1 889-90) requirea one year of Frtaoh and one ol German; Harvard (1891-91) requirea both Prooch and Gernan. one being required at m4triculation ) the Michigan Blate Oniveraity (1888 89) reduirea French ; Princeton (1891^1) requirea two yeara of either French or Gormen ; Yale (i89t>- 91) requirea either French or GermAO at oMtriculation and lor two yeara ol ita courae. For aiiaikr mdea ol inetrvc- tioa in Europe (ill Germany. Franco. Italy) one or more of the loreifn modern laniuajfea ia everywhere obUiato7. excoBi in Great Britain and Ireland. In fact, Ilia world Mi^llktlM a^rauMM^IIiiK H h— bocoma a raeagated ■finoiple that iha itat roquiaita of a liberal adacatioa oatt to the mother tongue fa a knowledge of a loreifn modara \ p' vine* tine* 1885. Iti Paurki. lo PiUoft Ofttk now ItM Kaliatics of E<turfttWifiAl ll«fiofi) that ol ttM 19,166 Mfli •eiwMil ^plU. rmly 1.071, Of 5.1 ♦ y^r r«fH.. iii«f laoli ferwttyd to • iifiiv«nHy •tftieailoQ. wli«rM« tt pr— in «! * toftM 41 jptf cofil. max ftapir* to a u0t¥iirtHv coutt*. Ttip UnHwiiy •sitit lot IM pt ovtnet, and »ot tim ptwuttm i# Uiilvtfiitir. To mdb OvmIi oblifiMofy nwHi te # Mill ttaakaa McrMc* of tfie provtnoo to tlM ilcHibtft# idiraiilaf9 of htf h«f loar oltig. HMickra.iha wholo tttn<l«tt<]f< ol tlM Itenaa la la Ilia oiKar diraclioii. lovofito ta oo« th# mi^mmM untvvr^ arhkh gtvra thia B.A. dafr^M wHhoii^ Otw ; Mid ovafi in Rofland. wtlh tiUl 50 p9f eoiit. of Hm^ boyt ki tka graal ptiblk achook atudyintf Gratdi, fha fat#^ ^ of lliol lanfuaffi! aa an obilf aiory univerMly tubl^ct hangtf te Ilia boUnca. If, inataad of 50, tha parcantafe waa 5. J m it iavhofa ; if, inatood of 50 par oant., 91 par cont. <n •t wdiry pvpOa wen tliitt oot of iKo iinivvraify. thaf# would AO lonfer Iw any quf^ioo even at Oviord, In aofn# dlKtr Btiro|iaan oovntrtaa Giiili liat alraody gona by tb« bMurd : in othon Hia qoaalton it tlilJ a bomiof ona, witli e p nc aw iem yate by yoar in favour of tbo wodam laoniinf . , 5. Tho Saiiata nay fo*«IBrtii tha original curHculum ot> t890» Aiid praacnba any 4wo of Gimk^ Fraoch» Garniaa. Wlioti tha Sonata Anally batomaa aainad of tha qoaa* ttait if that ovor happana, it wiU ba found that t daoUon Iq thto divaetfoo will ba lamly datnmiinad bf tha impoaai- WHtyofanvotharciMinanf actkm. Tha pnant altnition* dMi mmmn doniifitta, and tha r m a m tion of Grwlr im^ homiiMr ill othar woida tha fiaiiata ei^raai WBtt^^^^nnr ImNrH «• and Ir oMinot ratrogroM. le miiM of niomity 0f4mmtLt6B. '-mi tha objeotioiia I havo aliandy naga# "* , ? Anoih«r ktportmnt iMifltf it tlito t Frvocli m 0«ff««ft (on« Of btHh) t« r«<|iilf«d «• • {MMM •ub|«cl in «ll iHMUMtr €ourM«. •iccDi CUm^*. TIm lMMriiifi« ol iIm •koMOlt !• fM( Dfopcfly Univ«n^l)f work In fact, it it tiicptlidt tal tiM S«lMto*t l«l« itpoti Oil Univw^y nK)uiff«fiMfit% " IMI |ir(i¥ltion ihmiM h« m«H« by iIm llniwrtity lo chMll/llM prftcitoi* of •tu<l«i)it uktnc up Fr«n< h an4 GtriuiA witll* out pfooi iliAt lh#y b«v« aUcAily acqutmd an tltinMilAry Wliat lH« S«n«i« wUl do rimAint to N tMn. It ift pm^ «ibl« that th« pfMtnt Setiatf! will do nolhinf . Admiiftiofi of bluntkring it doubtkM dlMi(r««abli lo • corportt* body* M it !• to an indivkluaL It miky «ven b« lb«t tb« chaoMS ftquired will be tb« resitll of ** tn infusion of n«w bloo3«** just M w«t tbo orif inal r«cognitioo of tb« cUiros of FftocK •nd G«rnian awAy bock in tbo ftflt«t ; but ia any €••• It bcbovfia the Modorn I^anfuage AMOciation not to Acqal* «tce in an act o( injuatice done not only lo iroportaal tail* fuagea. whoae intereata are ili eapecial care, but an act of injuatice done to the educational iyalem of this coaotry. M^ 4 '4 IL f^ k- -# , ^* %i # --♦ ,f I m * *'■% i%^0 .*i4^-.'i. « . »^, J - f .f i*.,,^^-* .»» «- p .fl ,» *- -/:. ♦«. .-•»r «!!' ^» ! i 1^- t- r-#. ■,♦ '. » ♦ \ i -J i , i. i ,'-. M'^ ■M-'4 . ,# : 0^ ^' . ■» 1 ,^. m ,* ■■i * 1 1 ^^B |V m , k A ^^^r •«■' k M ^^^^ 1 %' k 1 -^L^ I.',: M ^^^r i » * St- ^