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G O S M O G R A P [i r E

The Fourth Book:

PART II.

CONTAINING THE

CHOROGRAPHY » HISTORIE

AMERICA,

And all the Principal Kingdoms, Provinces , Seas,

and I Hands of it-

By Peter. Heylin-

Matth. 24. 14.

Et fr*dicAhitu) hoc EvangtUum regtii , in miverfi orbe^ in iejlimonium omnibM Cmibus .
cr tunc veniet copfummdiif.

S.Hieronjm, in locum.

Signitm Dominici dd'verUMf, e(i F.vangelium in tote Orbe fr*dicdrl , ut null w fit excufdbilis
rjttodattt \am cof/ipUtum, autbrcvictrnimHs cemfltndum.

LONDON^

Printed for Phillip Chbtvvind.

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G O S M O G R A P H 1 E,

Lib. IV. PartII.

CONTAINING THE

CHOROGRAPHY & HISTORIE

o r

AMERICA,

And all the Principal Kingdoms , Provinces , Scas^

and Ifles of it

*-'l6i*

lOlI

Of America.

M f. RIC A, tlie fourth and laft jwrt of the World , is bounded on the Eaft wiih the
v4j/4»/itit. Oixan, and the /■■fr^/i'wn Seas, by which parted from i;*/-(;^f , and Afnc.i;
which Seas, the Marriners call Mare ikl Nort » on the Weft, with the rMtfi.jHe Oienn,
by the Marriner* called Mare del Zur, which divides it from Afia i on the South , with
fome part of Ttrra Anfiralis Incognita, from which Icparated by a loni; , but narrow
Strett, called the Stnits otMage//M ; the North, bounds of it hitherto not I'o well dif-
covered, as that wc can certainly affirm it to be JflanJ, or Continent.

It is called by Ibmc, and that moft aptly , T HJ- X fn^kf^ORLD: Ne^v , for tlic late Diuove-
ry i and ^or/J , lor the vaft greatnefle of it. The ^r?f^ ufual , and yet fomewhat the more improper
namCjisthatofz/mtT'd ; becaufe/<w<'r»f<«rr^'.»fi»« an Adventurous /"/orfx/v/* , difcoveivd a jrrcac
part of the Continent of it. But fincc the tirft lii^ht he had to finde out thofe parts, came from the dire-
ii;ons and example of Columbtu , who firft led the way i and i\\i.i Sebailiau Cabot touched at many
places, which Amerum ;>;/.jt/;/i neverfaw ; it might as properly have be.n called Coinmbma, Seb-tftu-
r;.«, or Cabotu. I he moft improper name of all, and yet not much Icfte ufcd than that of America, is, the
;r./?. liiMes : /;f/?,in regard of the Weftern fituation of it, from tliefc parts q( Europe > and Indies ji\i\\tx
!isri)ini)okforfomepartof/MjM,.itthetirft Difcovery, or elfe bccaufc thi; Sea-men ulcd to call all
Countieys, if remote and rich, by the mmeoi J ndi.t.

Many arc of opinion, but ratiia grounded on w«;i««nf/ prefumption5,than Demonftrative Argu-
mints, that //w(M(.: was known loni; before ou*- 'ate Dili-overies. Their Reafons draw p. i. Ircm the
1 )ortrinc of the Aniioodes, wliich beint; m.unt leJ by many of the ancient Writeis , interreth (as they
il)inkjahnowled,u,e<i!tlielepartsofthe world, which areoppofitetoui. Hut unto this it tiiav be an-
I'.vi red, that the know kdi-x of tile Antipoiies ainonjjft the ancients was by fuppofition, ai the bell by 1 )e.
moallration oncly, and not ui fift ■ «>r thus, that it was known that tliere were Antipodes, but the ^/;;;,.
poJ.is vverenot known, zlj. !tisfaid that //.wwo.a NobleCa)f/;.t5/3;j/(,dilcovereda jireat Klandiiuli;-
Wedern Ocean , ::iJ aiicr a loiii; voyage returned home ai:;ain,not wanting Searooni , but Vii'iiials. as
he tolJ ilie Senate. IJut lie tint writ theadionr. of /-:'.;«ot in this famous voyafje, C\vhic!i fome conti.i,vc
to hv h.-.mio hini'ilf ) iniorms us that he l.iyled not Well wards, but more towards ti;e So .:!i : .ind tlitrt-
!'" VAip-fAt Ifi.- /, wiridotvcr itwas, t whether /J-/.W.')v», or lome one of the Fortn.i.ue ilands, 1
••' 'iin-nt- ■lot^ci/Ul" .OLbe^/,«(r»M. ^h. It is alieui'.cd that I'lato in \\\sTtmjti'.s IpuiKs of a i^rta.
ill .di'fthe At,'uKtiik_0(edii^Ly!>iam& Africam ads^u.ou favour of Inni rnfK/iV.w h ith itj as bit; as
Xv^'t, .indy//(/>it,psoi'vi!y Ivicilcd: v.bich livtoi'-ftifcth to b: dro\>;ud Ion;;: before iui time, -nd

V V V V ' fiiere-

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Pacific N.V'. Hi?- :'--^:<Pt.

PROV.hJCIAL i_... :.\.1Y
VICTORIA, B. 0.

lOV

AMERICA

ihcul>'icpo(Viblyne»«t i.it.intbui in(omemciis tatmcs. .,;,.
ili.itbookbetmjIiH.Ksof »n Hlind very Iruii lull, .ind IuIk

r. I li.it //;//;.//. in the bcok.f'. UukJu(\\

ili.it book be til* j IptaKsol »n liuna very truiiluii, .ina luiiol iiavif',abl<' Uivirrs itliliovtrtU l>\ il,t Or-
tkiiii'iUHs and by them forbidden to be planted upon j\iin oi dcitli. VVIrcti iflind beirp affirmed by
thaVAuthoi loht Mi4ltorHrn(iicri$Miiinire ^ijndihus )fMir4,\\M\\waiicU)wvmcn loiai'iv "" *" "

' ' -L III l.,.l Ac .1 ,r >i.,,fl.r .I..P k> <•. i>' 11 ..r^.. ..t >K.. f. .

iliii Af'irxi I. 01 Ionic ot the pre.it lllandsol
lup»/1/.M('.('; or lome other ol the lll.inds m
the bcft Iricndi the I'hn nui.ins 1

Asil ir

.V.,,,. ..,..., ..,.,>.,VC II CO

li'lit not be as wvll one nt the ,7c ics, or per
iheKoadiii U.i»i: r voyni'C. Certain 1 dm , tint or.c

lupj ^j) /,,,„,,,; or lome other ol the lll.inUs m ilieKoaOol il.inr. rvoynrc. Lertainlam, tint or.c ol
the bcft Iricnd'i the /'fee M<M"ili>vc,\vlu> would nut I'ladiy loll' (iiilt an cppominity ot ennblinp their
ptiformancesm iV.<n';'i""i , (could any tliin^- be bmk upon it dotii wave tlic uliole Rilition a« of
doub'Jull credit , ind klioweth ol no luth pl.iie as is tli.rtdtkrtbcd by that Author, u holoivcr he were.
<,V Some have produced thcic Verlis ol Stnu.i, to inlerre a knowledge ot this Corr.ttiy aroonj-'il tl\e
ar.iifnts.iiv

I tn'unt iium- ficnU fou , ^^

J^i/';ti Octanuj »/«ri«/.( nriim ^,
Laxii.C- in^mi p.iii.it n i/tfi,
A'ovcif(]iic 1 yphiS(/(7ri;.» u>l/ti.
Arc fit Tenu ulttniu 1 hult

Which may be En^lifhid in tliefe words ;

Jh ihc Lifi tUjts 'in -i^e piitll tonic,

lykniii the ulI'divuHTin^ tomi

Sim// /ofc Us jurmrr Ic .'^Ji, twd Jlew ''

ytnoihtr C ontintnt lu i/ior.

New. worlds, trimh A'»^/)« tlnh now ctncc.tl,

A feand Typhis jlti// rfii.i/i

Jt»<i froiXH rhult Pi'ill nv nion

Be of il'c I-^'trii> tiic fHrthiJf Slwr.

liut tins Argument can biinu no naefTaiy , nor forrucli as ,i probable iri.rcnic, ofany fuchComi-
r.cr.t as tins, tlicn known loS,ncc.i , tlic Poet in that C'l' nn fliewinp as well the loiitij'iial danj'ers , as
the poflibL itf'.-ftsolNavi^ation ithii tlure mifilit be, not tliai there were racjie I.andsdi(ui\crid,tiian
thole tojniriiy Known. Oij. Some hold tins Lountrey to be the Land oi Ophi,, to wliicii Si,/> nn>i it laid
'.n tlicholv '■criftures to have fcni for Gold. ISut l.ai<ii-(Jii>tr , which is there alio laid to be ilic ll.ition
where III- N'vy lay, wasfitu'tfin the bottom ot the A'f«/-.S>.i, or Bay ol ,^r.ili,i : whereas ii lit had lent
this way, Ins fliippini; mull have lam at Jippa^ov fonie other I ort ofthe J/fiiiVo-i.o.Y.c.ard iromihentc
let loru aids through the Sti cits ol'6'i/'r.Y//.ir, and lo plainly Wcllward. 7/r I inally.in the Hillory «t
ir.i/es writ by David Powcl, if !'• reported that M,tdoc the Ton ot OwinGivinrdth I'l ince ol yy.i/n^ol pur-
pofe to decline ini>a:'inf in a Civi/ wiir raifed in that Hdate , in the year 1 1 70. put himlclf^io Sea ; and
alter a longcourJeol Saviiration, came into thisCountrey : whereafter he h^l left his men, and tuititud
I'jme places ofadvantage in it , he returned home for more fupplics, wind) he carried with him in ten
Barks ; but neither he nor they looked after by the reft ot that Nation. Vo w hich lomc add, tliat here it
lHllibmefmatterinj;ofthc/(v/cfc,or 5miyi!>tonf£ue,tobcloundamoni'IUhcni ; .is that a .'iird with a
white head is called Poipvin, and tlic like ; in which reaard, tome fony Statelmcn went aboi.t to em itle
c^ccn i/itjibeth unto the Soveraipnty ofthefe Countrcys; Others more wile, diflw.idedlrom that
vain Ambition, confiderinp VMlWi/tlj-mtn, as well .is others .mit'ht be call upon' thole parrs by torcc
of Tempeft; and eafijy implant lome tew words oftheir own amonu the people there inliabitim;. And
thoiiuh I needs muft lay for the honourof /kjA t, that they have more grounds for what tiiey lay , than
thofc which look for this new World in the At/.im.s oi I'/.ito, the y4^/./»f<f4 IHands ol AniU/c and I'Ih-
r.jrffc.or the Difcoveriesof /y.i«K5 the C'<(>f/)iii;««w« ; yet .im I not lo farconvmced of the truth there-
of , the ufe of the Maniners Ccmp.ijj't- beini'.'not (b ancient Cwitliout which I'uch a voyauc could not be
performed.) but that I may conclude with more larisfadion, that thisCountrey was iinkfltJw'n to the
•ormer ai^cs.

liut now, as Ait/-t the Geographer faid once of Brit.iin , tlicn newly contiucrcd by tlic Ri mu,n > Iiri-
lannia (jna/u fit , (jita/efqii^ pru<jcnertt , mox ccrliura er ffj./ijM i xf/t,>,u,t dtn rtur 1 quippf j.i;/; din cLmfiim
:pvrit ccce I'rtncipum m*.ximni ( he means C/>iudiiti Citjar ) >icc indomitarHm moilo jtd fj- uiio^tJlurum
.■ntcfcCcr.tiiim I'iilor ; fo may w^ ("ay of America, on thefe late dilcoveries What kinde ot ( uuntrey it
is, and what men it produceth, wcdo, and fhall know more certainly than in tbrmcr iinii- lime thole
puifTant Kinus of Spain have laid open all the parts thereof, inhabited not onely by iinvani|UifltLd , but
even unknown Nations. lorGod remembrinu the promifc of his Son, that his Got j;el hciore the end
of the World fliould be preached to all Nations; ftirred uponeC/jr/y/i/p/icrCo/c,;, orC(-/;(W'«(, born a:
Nerij.in theSigncury of Genoa, to be the inftriimcnt tor finding out tiiole parts ot the World, to w Inch
the found of the Gofpd had not yer arrived. Who bcinp, a man otyreat abilities , and horn to under-
take p,reat matters, could not perlwadc himlelf ("the motion of the Sun coi.liJered > j but that there
was znml.er fycr/du) '.vhich that s'lorious Plane: did import bnthliislirbt and tuat, when he went tfom
lis. I his/(u//i/hepurp<ilLd toleekalrer , and opcnin}^ Ins 1 ).ru',n to tt.e St.'.teot'6V;i(/.i, An. i^SO. was
by them rtjerted. On tliis repulle, he lent his btothei- EariL/t-niTv to Kini', Hiyirj the (cvcr.th ot /-fw:^-
/.;;;.•/; who in his way hapncdunt'ijrtun.itcly into the hands of Pirate, by whom detained a '„:. while,

buc

IMM

A M F K I C A.

ion

hut .It l^iH inli' :'-cJ As (.)<m as he wa» Ivi n libjcty, lie i jpiircd to the Court of I'.n^'l.nd; wlierj Mi
rropbluioiitoundlutli .iilicartullcntcrtainmcu ic tlicli.inJidf iSe Kini! , dMC'liajhplier Co/Mmi'/m
viv< '(.Mit ior to tome tltitlicr alio Knt (»iod had oihcrwilc difpolcJ of hn rn.h purcha(r. I ur Chrijhphfr,
not knowiii!' ol his brother* impri(onmtnt, nor litaiini', anvtidinf,<.|romhim, conccivLd thLotfei ot hu
Icrvice 10 have hc'-niKt'Ji.rted; and thereupon niajihii dtlirei known ar the C ourt of Cr///.V:,i litre
after many lie' )C'.,.ind lixyeariat&cndanieon rl,ch>irinc(re;he wai at laif iiirnillicJ wiihtlireclhipc
ontly, andlliiilcnoi lor(.onqULU,but PiUovciv With thi« fmall (Jrenpth la liylcJ on the niaiti
Oiran more than ho dayci, yet tould (eena Land , to th.it tlic dilcontenteJ Sp.i>ii,ir,ii bet; in lo mutiny ;
and partly our ot (corn to be under the command ot a Stranger, partly ddirous to return , would not ya
.1 foot forwards. Jullatthattimeithapncd, ih.u CW«m^;/f did dilicrn (he Clouds to carry a clearer
loloor, I hail tiicy did before : and probably lorcciving that thii clearncfle proceeded from lonu' twgh
habitable place, ii.'ftrained the time of tiien exportation within the compiife of three liayei ; pallini' hit
word(ottiurna^atn,il thrydid not feedicl.uid wjthmthattiinc. Towaidthc end ol the (hud day,
one of tlicC onipany called Rodrip, dr TriMie (h.defii vcsfohavehis name recorded, b.-iniinooilin-
u lie rewarded lor fucii jnyfull news j dclJBrfed fi c ; an evident Ar^umcnt that they duw near unto
Ionic flioi c. The place difcovo cd w ii an lll.ind on the CJoaft of ll<,rid,t , by the Natives called iiu.th.i.
iirti ih)' ColnHil'iii St. S.ivioMri ; now counicd oi.cof the Z/«.(;:</. l.aiidiiij;lii$men,andcau(ini', a ircc
to be cut down', he made a Crofle thereof; which he created near the place, wIktc lie came o i l.ind ;
and by tliat (.er'emony took polTeflion of tlii» A' t- it^ iro K L D, tor the Kinns ol Sp.ihi,OH'/l>. 1 1 .
jtn. I49i Afterwards he dil«overed*jard took polliilion ot y//(yM»tW,r. and with much ticalure , and
content, returned towardiA>4»i.V-'tcfred for tins (^oodlervae by ihe Kin^s tiicnileives, tiirt to be
Admiral'ofthe /W« /, and afterwards to a Co it ol Arms , / r C^Jiih .mdLenn, Culnmbm huh {i-.tien <<
N K vv Wo V. LP; aPid in conclufion unto the title ol I Juke /Jc /.iTi^.*, in the lllc of J.im.iu.u.
News ol thiiturtunateUifcoveiybeinn lent to l'opc///i.v.(«io-tlicO. by tue Kiniis of C.//?</f, he very
liberally bellowed upon them all thole Countreys, which they alt t ady had , or fliouid afterwards difcover
in the Wellern world ; advifing them to u(e their diligence and idUMvours lor converun)", tliolc people
tothelaith, which was done accotdinj;ly For the new year CV/«m^<M bein^ furniflicd with iS fliips
for morclJilioveries , and his brother i?jw/)o/i/Wfi» made Gov crnour of the Countreys difcovered by
him th.y took alon^^with tham one 5««;/, a Lienedidine Monk ai the I'opcs Vicar General, accompa-
nied with the learned Clarks, which were to be afliftantsio him in theconveriini'ofUiat people to the
Chnflianlaith. In this fecond voyage he difcovered thelflandsofCM^,! and J.imMc>t, and built the
Town of JJabtlU ("afterwards better known by the name of Domingo) in HijpaniolA -, from whence for
fome feverities ufed againn the mutinous i'foMMri^^, he was fenc ptiloner into C<<////i , but very honou-
rably entertained , and abfolved from all the Crimes imputed to him. Intheyuai 1497. he be an his
third voyaize, in which he difcovered the Countries of y<«n<i, and Crf«»(i»4, on the firm Land , with ijic
Hlandsoft«/'/«^«4 , and AfrtrMMtii, with many otherlllands , Capei, and Provinces, which (hall be
touched upon particularly in their feveral places. In the year 1 joo, he began his fourth and lafl voyage
in the courfe whereof, coming to W»//'<«mo/rf he was unworthily denied enterance into the Citie of Do.
)niM('o,bv A'(fAo/,« Jf Oil MfZ-j, the then Governourofiti after which (couring along the Sea-CoaOs , as
\.\\\\%NcmhedeTri,i>, but adding little to the fortune of his former difcoveriei, he returned back to
C"///m, and "JHrnatct, and from thence to Sf.tin, v.'here about fix years after (that is to fay , A>i.\ 506.^
lie departed this lile , and was honourably intetred at Jrzi/, where to this day rcmaineth this Hpitaph
on his 1 orabe , b ild in it fell, and otherwife exceeding (hort of fo great a merit , of which I muft tell you
by the way , tliai the PIntip, whom the / erfifu r (I do not fay the Poet ) called Philippm Hii banns, (liould
rather have been called PhilippHj Anftri,igui, or Philippur Bur^undus, as being meant of that PhiUp of
ytitftrui, Uuke of BHYgund^, who had then married Jom, Sole Daughter and Heir of the Kings ol\S'/.im,
and after the death oCjfdeUa fucceeded in the Realm of C«/?i/f , or elfe the Epitaph muft b: written long "
.ifier his death, and meant of PWip the 2. Son of^CWAj the fifth, who was not born untill the year
J 5 27. and came not to the Crown above zo years after. Now for this Epitaph, fuch as it is, it is this that

I'olloweili :

Chriftopborus _^M«i> iji«fw Genoa C/(«r4 Columbus, ., .

llMfHttc/ (Nomine fercHlJus t}no uefcio) primus in Alt urn
»• Dclccndens PtUgus, fctem tierfuffHe cadenttm

DinBo CHrfu, noftro hatlcnus .idkita Mundo
Litora detexi, Hiifano p'tttHrt Philippo ;
AadendA hinc *liis p/urii,or majtrarelinijMent.

Which may be Englijhed in thefe words:

1 Chriflopher Columbus , -nhom the Land
0/ Genoa firjl brought forth, jirfttook.in hand
I knoTv not bj vku diety incited
To fcoHri the Wejiern Seas ,aitd wai delight ti
To fetk^for Country: never known bcjore.
Crown'dwithfucce^e, I firfi di [cried the flmt
of the New World , then tieflined to Juftain
The future fokf of Philip ZW of Spain,
jtnd jet 1 greater matters left behinde
For men of tmre means and a braver mindt.

V V v

Dyiniz

1014

A M E R I C A.

^1 '\ I'll', he Idt two Sons bcluntli; him, of which the youngeit c.illed FenliKanri-Mtd unmarried, t'lecldci*'
tnlicd /)ii-.T(;, iiKCtcded his 1 ather indie Adroir.ilty ot tlie ///ti/W.and the Diiktiiom tl / ;_^.i,and iiisir;;^ii
JfMii ol'/(7iX,l^ai:iiht(i-ot'i-Vr<^/«-««(iDokeof /7/:.!; buc^havingasitlccmeth; no iliue hy i 'V, ht
liie'nt the I'.re.itclt part ol his Hllatc in foundini; the Library a: SttiJ.fpokzn ot before, which he li;rf iii,.-.i
ivith i2co: Volumer., and endowed with a hbcral revenue to maintiin the fame. But ihoi;{,hhii \:.vfir
k cxtiiii't, yet his I ame fliali live, renowned to all polfericics.as the firft difcovererot this new workl,n.'o
conlciiucn':y the }ireaicft and moft 1 ortunate advancer ot the Sp.wijb Monarchy, tiiouah :n his !■'.■ rii),-
to ni.'l'i'incvl by r oft part of the Spunkrdj, that Bch.niilh b:in;', lent into thofe parts for redretfi: ot ;'rie.
vanccs, loaded l:im with Irons, and retuiT.vd him pi iioncr into J'fn'»/. Nordidthe^ oncly Itick afca iiii
dtrai h , to dcpi ive Iiini of tlie honour of this Dijcoverji ("attributing a to 1 know not what J'p.m/.tra'.whcC:
Cardi\ni Dcfcriptions h: bad fecn^ but in his lile would otlcn fay t(vu it was a matter ofno lutli difti-
tulty CO havel'oundth:fe(;ounneys iandthat ifhchadnot doneit whcnhedidjomc boJy die in:t;hc
liavc doiu it for him. Whole peeviflineflfe he coiitutcd by this modeft artifice, dclirinp fome of thcm.wlio
miolL-iuly enoui'h li.id contended with him wuthing this Difcovcry, to nuke an V.gs, Hand lirmly tipoa
one oi Its ends. Whitli when they could not do upon many Tfi.'ls , tie gemiy brui 'ini', one cn'l ot it,
made it ftand iij)iii:ht , letiini; them fee without any turtiiLTrcprchtnfion, how catic it was I'u ' thac
thini', whic! " fee another do before us.

Hut to p'oceed . Cc/iimhs havin? thus led the way, was feconded by v^wi m «/ / < (/-,<,/?//; , in adve iru.
roas hkni'tinc, imploycd tl:crcin by £»;</««(/ King of /'o/y«^<»/, An. 150 1. onadelignof finding o it a
neaicrwaytothe Jl/ti/wMf/.thanby theC./yf r-/'^(,c(^/7o/»(i,whothoui',h hep.vlV.dnot turthi: than the
Capj of St. Aiii^MJlincsxn i-d/i/, without (0 much as having a light of the great Kivcr de it Pl.iu, which
vvaflieth the South. I'orts of that Counttey; yet from him f to the great injury and negleft ol the full
Diftoverciy the C'f/'.(/OTwf, or main Land of this Counirey, hath the name of Amende by which ttill
known, and moft commonly called. I'o him fucceeded John Cakt ,a I I'MctUn ,tl\e lather o( SehttHuii
edit, in behalf of Htnrj the ftventh oil'tigLmd : who difcovered all the North- Haft Coafts hereof,! rona
the tape oi rio>id.i intheSouth.toiV^n'/ii/iwd /.i«i',andTfrr<i </»Z,i<i(»-ij(^(ir in the North, caufing tk
AmcriiM Roytileis to turn Hom.igcrs to that King and the Crown of England. Followed herein by
divers private Advent nros and undeitakei-s, out ot all parts of ^wropr, bordering on tho Ocean. Ftrdi-
n,imi Af.tgellaHus was the firft that compalTed the whole world, and tiound the South pafTage, called I-rc'
turn A/aq^ell.wiciim to this day : followed herein by Drake , and Cavendijh' ,oi EtigUnd. Frohijher , and
Duz'h! attcrrpted a D.lcovcry of the North- wetl pa(rigeifr;7/u«^/iyandi?wr>-o*'(;/uoftheNorth-eaft.
So that according to that elegant fayini^ of the Learned Trcw/rfw, in \sk AdvAnamtr.t tf Itumin^, thii
great building the world, /W;ii'w>- r/;oroii'-/(^/)f/ w-iii- initti//the/eni4rdajes:hy which as almull aH
parts o\ Lctrning, fo in efpecial tiiis oiN.izigation, and by contequence of Cofmographj atfo , hath ob-
tained an incredible proficiency in theti later times.

For in the Infancy and tirft Ages of the world, f pardon me 1 befeechyou this (hort, hut .lotunprofi-
taWe difgreflion) men hved at home, neither intent opon my rorrei,;;n Merchandifc, nor mquifitive after
•he live* and Fortunes of their Neighbours : or in the language of the Po».i; ,

Ncndum ctcfa fur's pcregrimum ut viferet Orhem ,
MontihHS , in tiqmdiu I'lHUS dcfccnderM undas.

The I'ine left mt the Hili o» vhich it ftaod , "

T'i fcck^ flrange Lands , or rove upon the Flood.

But w hen tlie Providence of God had inftrudcd Ntah how to borid the Ark, for the f»ref<rvation of
iiimfeif and his children from the general Delurc : the Pofterity .which defcended from bim.had tliercby a
pattern for the making of Ships and other Veffeis ('perfeAed in more lengtii of time^ whereby to nuke
the waters pafTabie , and maintain a neceffary intercoorfe betwixt Nation and Natron. Tis true , the
Heathen Writers which knew not A'cah , attribute the invention of fliipping to fundry men ,uccordinj;
to fuch informations or traditions, as they had received : Strata , to Minos King of Cr, / ; Diodorw Si-
c«/;« , to Ncpiiine , who was therefore called the God of the Seat > and Tibuilus , to tlw people of
Tyri , a Town indeed of great wealth and traffick, and the moll hmous Empvj of the elder times;
faying

I'rimit r.Vem ventis credere dtSfa TyrUS.

The Tyrians firfl the Art did finde
To m>il'j Ships travcll with the ni>ide.

And qucnionlcffe the Tyrittns , and the reft ofthe Pharicia*is , enjoying a large Sca-coaft,'arld many
(afe and capacious Havens, being in thefe times msift fttongatSn, and making fo many fortunate Na-
vitations into moft pans of the then known World ; might give the' Poet fome good colour tor his af-
firmation. Irom the rin>;;ici,ms , the Egyptians (ihtn next neigliboUi tj might derive tlie Aj t of A'.;-
zfTMivii ; though being an inj'tnous people, they did add much to it For wbtreas the litlt Veflels w ere
iitlicr made of il:e body of lomc iueat Tree , made hollow by the Art of man ; or tile of divers boards
falhioned into a Boat , and covered with the skins of Ikaft ; (fuch as are ftill in u(e amongft ihcl Ame-
■.ic.uis : ) the rl'aiii(i.ii;.' brought tjicm firft into firength , and farm j but tJie i'jirfnjw adil ' )ecki

untf

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W,;.,-n
V rm.'

ccr hii
wlioC;

wljffi.

m.who
upon
ot it,
■ tliac

AMERICA.

unio them. Hy DariMn Kinnof l^nTf^ w*^" ''* ^^^ 'f*^'" '^" brother luimejis , the uk- ot iluppin : \vas
Hrllhroujiht anionffl^dic CncMiu : who b;(oic th.ic timcKruvv no other w.iyot troliinj;t!ii'ir n,ir.
row S.is, but on Beams or Ratters tied to one anorher. t<\ve pri,,vis ,il> I-'^ypto D.in.ius ,u:\mt ,.mtc
<««wRatibus )htvi^al/.iinr,zi\t'a in I'/inic: wlier.'we m.iy (ecthe trucanUj'cnuinedilftr.-rtc b::'.vixi.
R.itM , and A'uvii » thouiih now both ufed indilTtri-ntly for .ill forts of fhippini;. Aino:iL;n the (j>\ii.i>:s,
tbofeolt'n/r were the ableft Sca-mcn i which pave occafion to Arifi'.tlc loc.ill CVf/c ilieLidy oli'ic
Sea ; and to Str,ibo to make Minos the Inventor ot Ships. In followini; time ; , the Ciirth.ujnuns , being
a Colony oiTyre , were mort confiderable in this kind* ; and by th<c bcnjfit of their fliippinf; much du
Hicflcd the Roniiws. Hut fo it hapned (,>.s all things do and muft concur to Gods publick pui pofes in the
alteration of flUtes ) that a Tempcrt fepai Jtine ,i Quinqiiiremis or Gallic of five banks of c3.ir5 , from
the reft of the Cinktu^inhin Tleet s call it on tlie (Vioi e o\lta/j : by which accident the Rom.ws learning
the Art of ship Wrights , foon became ivlafleisoltheSea. I hat Fr.iitcc , and .S'/j.H«weretauphti!ieu!c
of Ihippin}!; by the Cretki , and I'httwmns ; b a iliint; paft queftionmi; ; A/arJu/ks m ilie one being a
Phoa.in , and O'.!,/!/ in the other a Tjri.in Colony. As for the Bclgt.Du . andthc^nV../;;.-, it is pro-
bable mat ilicy tirll le.irnt it of the Rom,ws ( though formerly they had fome way totranlportiheni-
ftlves fVom one fliorc to the other ) 1 or C-cfitr tclleth us of the Bel/ a , AJ cos Mnr.ihns rKi,nn:^ cctk.
meant, that they were not ai allvilited bylorraign Merchants. And tl'.e lame C,f,V Iwnd Li:eScas
betwixt /V.i/;rf , and^/i.'iM, ('ull furnifted wuh Vdlels > tliathewasfaintomakelhipstunanl'pori;
hit Array : Sl>!;'iUri Jt/ilirumJlMMocirciterfexccni.u Cr diio^t>tgint.t A'-ftiJ invatit , as his own woids
are.

Hivinii thus brouj^ht Navij!;ation to the greateft heii;ht which it liad in thofedavs '■> let us look back
apain on the Inventorsof particular Vtlfels, and the i .ickje unto them belongint;. That the I'haiiiii.ni:
firlt invented open Vcflils, and the I-'/^jptiuns Ships with Decks , hath been laid before ; and unto them
.ilfo it reitrrcd the Invention of Gallits , with two Kanks of Oars upon a fide j tthithkiiideofVelTvIs
grew fo larj;c in die courfe of time . that Ptokniy I'hilopMcr is (aid to have made a CJallie of 50 b.^nks.
Great Ships of burden, called Cirtra , we owe to tht Cy priei s , Cockboats, orSk;ffs(j>Vrf/!/;.iiJ toihe
JUyrUns , or LibHrmans : liri«antines, (Ccloces) to the RhoSuns \ and I rij;ott or light tJarks , ( LemLs)
unto the Cjrenians, The Plytjelu , and VamplyjU (which we may render Men ofiyur) were the inven-
tion of the F^mphjlLins , and the Inhabitants of Vbjfeiis , a Town of Lycia , in Jjia Minor. At for
T.tck/e , the /;iMH<w/ invented the Oar i DtiLiLtm , and hisfon harm , theMaftsand Sails : Which
};ave occifion to the Poets to feign, that flying out of Crete , they made wings to their bodies ; and that
jcitrits foarinj? too high, melted the Wax which faftened his wings unio his fliouldtrs , and thereby
l<eri(hed-, the truth being , that prefuming too much on this new invention , heran liimfc'fupona
Rock, and was caft away, lor H»/)p(i^>*« , vcfTels for the tranfporting of Horfe , we are indebted to
the SulumimnHs ; for grapliug hooks , to AncuiiiArJis ; for Anchors , to the Tufcans * .1 id for the Rud-
der,Melra, or Art of Steering, to 7>/)/j« the chief Pilot in tlie famous Argoi who noting that a Kite,
when ihe flew,guided her whole body by her fail ; cifedtcd that in the devices of Art . which he had ob-
leived in the works of Nature. By thefe helps fome gre.it Voyai.cs were performed in the elder times ;
tlie grcateft , thofe of Jitjon, V/jjfes , and Alexandvr , with the Fleets of Solomon , and the Efiyptun
Kings. Of thefe, ^rf/f« and his companions, fayled in the (hip called Arg» , through the i:'«.v/i)f Sea ,
and part of the Mcditterrancan ; Vlj^cs , through the Mediterranean onely ; fmail gullets , it' compared
with theOcean. A/ixtinder's journey fo famouJed , and accounted th^n lo hazardous , was but faylinj;
down the River JnJus , and tour hundred fui longs into the Ocean. And for he fleets oflSolomon , and
the Kings of F-^ypt , it is very apparent . that they went with great leifure , and crawled dole by the
ihore-lidc : otiierwife it liad been impoflible to have confumed three whole years in goin;; trom lUion-
Gckr iaio lihhaflni returning again ; which was the ufual time of thefe voyages.as appeareth in 1 Kin^,
10.22. Attti the tall of the Aowjw Monarchy , the (Doft potent States by Sea in the A'fcditti'rr.:i:ca'n ,
were the 6'(«v/(, and /(».f/;.i«/ ; in the Ocean the i"«^/</A , tndthe Hanf towns; neither of which ever
atKmptcd any great difcoveriei .

But in the year 150c. one F/avio o( Maiphi inthellalmof iV^/i/i/ , found out the CoM^.ij/f , ci
Pi'.v/ < NttMtH.t, coiililhng of 8 winds onely , the four principal , end foiii- collateral : And not long after,
the people of Z>V«(j(f, xndi Antwc: - , perfededtlut excellent invention j adding 24 othejl'ubordinate
windkS or points' fly racms of this excellent Inftrumcnt, and withaJI by the good fuccefle ofCo/nmi'M ,
the VortMfMs , Haftwards ; the Spaniards , WcfUvard ; and the Englijh, Norchwardt ; have made many
I'tonou"! and fortunate Expeditions .• which had been utterly impoflible to have been performed, and
iia'' liscn fooiiflily undertaken , when that h.'lp was wanting. I know there hath han much pains taken
by 'ome learned men , to prove the ule of the Manners Compare w) be far more antient , than it now
connionlv pretended. Fuller , a very learned and induftrious man , but better skilled in the Hcirew
loraje tlum the /'/^iA/s/'f of the Greeks , and Laiines , will have it known to .yo/owcw , and by him
tauclit unto the Tjri.ms and I'/in-wii irf«/ ( tlie moft t'amous .Sea-men of old times) : but be brings no Ar-
t'un'.«:nt ofwcight to make good thecauie. Nor is it poflible that fuch an excellent invention , fo bene-
tici.iVtatlie common good of all m.mkind, Jhould h.ive been forgotten and cLicontinued , tor the Ipacc
ofniorctiuin 2000 years; ifeverthe /"y^/rffw , and Vh(rniciitnt had been mailers of it; whocouldnot
noliibi) conceal It (h.id they been lo minded) Itom the Common-Marmrs , or they not have commu-
niciied II tor g.un , or dcfire of I'Joi y , to the Creekj , and Romans , under whom fucceliively they lived.
As liule moment do I hr.de in foir.e other Ari'.unients , as that the Lap!< Her.tclius ot the Amkntwri-
ters.oi !'lie/c>/o>-».iofl'ii«//« , fliould be by them intended ofthe Mariners Coinp.^c- Tor plainly the
J'trUyia ol Vl.tiitiu , is no oihcr than that pcuc of taikle < which our Manners now call the Bolin ; by

Vvvv 1 \\\\\d\

\Ol<

■■ !

',\

,016 A Jkl E RICA.

~~which tliey ufe to turn their Sails , and fit them to tlic change otevcry wind. And fo much doth appear
by the Pott himfclf, in the Comedie which he cals Mercator v faying , Hiw vcntus tmncfecuMdus eft , aipe
modo Vcrforiam. So called from I 'erfo , to turn often . or from P'erjim the firft Sufinc ot I'erto : whence
I dim verttrc m common phrafe amongft the Lattttet , ulcdforthe (hiftint; ot the Sail as the winde
doth vary. AsForihe Load-ftone , it iscallcd indeed HerAclius LMpis ,'H-»^K,',Ki,Q- by the Gmki'-
notbecaufe Hcrrw/w T>m«/, whom the Vhoeniciarts invocatcd when they were at Sea, had rirft found
outthevertu>;ofit, as our Fuller thinketh; butbecaufe firiKound neer Heradra , a City of Ly<li,i,
KnK'Jiti J' "T-f ^ 'llfitKtiat tSv i» AvJU irs, i4r« . laith Hefjchtus the old Grammariitn. Called for
the fame reafon Ma^ms , by the writers both Grcck^, and /,.«/«<■ v becaufe firft found in theTerrito-
tyofA^4ir»eJia, a City ofLjdia alfo, whereof H^rwrArf was a part. So Smd.u telieth us tisrthe Gneks,
HUKmtr M'Je» Tri« * yityin^mt ii^Saftn , //« tJ T<»i*Hf»'<*f.»F T»i( M<^|iiir/«( t'tim -. Heraclium La-
pidem tjMiiUm MigneCum reddidcrMtit ; cjuta Hcracica pars rfl MA^nefin. Called lor the very famerea-
Ion LjdiHs Lapti alfo , but by them known onely as a touch Jhne. 1 hus old LHcntins (or the Latinr'.

^Mcm Magneta vocvi patrio di nomim Graii,
Magnctum g«i.i fit pdtriu dc fiml^us arms.

which Stone the Greeks do Magnes nam ,
Bcctmfc it from Magnefia came.

Kut I have rambled further than I did intend , drawnby thevertueof the Lctd-^one too much out
cfmy way. It is time now to return again into Ameritu ; where the Spaninrds at their firft Arrival
found the people without all manner of Apparel , nought skilled in jlgricMlture , making their bread
cither of a Plant called Mai^/' , or a kind of Hoot called Jitctd ; a Root wherein is a venemous liquor,
not inferior to (he moft deadly poifons ; but having firft fqueezed out this juice , and after dryed and
prep,u ea the Root , they made their Bread of it. They worfliipped Dcvilifti Spirits , whom they called
Zimes ; in remembrance of whom they kept certain Imaga made of C»fr<i« wool , like our childnn$
E,d'i<-s : to which they did great reverence , as fuppofing the Spirit of the Zttnet to be in them . and to
blind chem the more , the Devil would caufe thefe Vuppeit to feem to move , and to make a noife.
Hey ftood alfo info great fear ofthem , that they durft not di*^ fHfethem : for iftheir wils were not
fulfilled , the Devil Ihi'it executed vengeance upon (omeofthcii Children i fo holding this infatuated
people in perpetual thraldom. So ignorant they were of all things which they had not (een , that they
thought the Cbriftians to be immortal : wondring exceedingiy attheSails.Mafts.andTacklings of their
.ships; themfelvcs knowing no Ships or other Veflels , but huge Troughs m.ide of fome great-bodied
Tree. But this opinion of tbe Chrijiians immortality (in the fenle they meant it) did not long continue:
for having taken fome of them, they held their heads under the water, till they had quite thoakcd 1 hem;
by which they knew tiicm to be mortal liKe other men. Quite deftitute of all good learning , ihcy rec-
koned their time by a confufed obfervation of the courfe of the Moon : and ftr.mgely admired to fee the
Spaniards know the health and affairs of one another, onely by reading of a Letter. Of a plain and ho-
neft nature, for the moft part , they were fou- d to be > loving and kinde in their euterttinmenis , and
apt to do good Officer both private and publick , according to their underftandings : encouraged there-
untoby an opinion which they had, that beyond fome certain Hills (but they knew not where j thofe
which lived honeftly and juftly, or offered up their lives in defence of their Countrty-fhould finde a place
ofeverhfting peace and happincffe. So natural is the knowledge of the Souls immcrtality, and of lorae
L'^j for the future reception of it, that we finde fome trad, or other ofit in moft barbarous Nations.
And as for G»ld and Silver , which the new-come Chrijiians fo adored, they efteemed them no otherwife
than.isdrofle: though many times they adorned themlelves therewith for the colours fake* as they did
alfo with fliels, feathers, and the like fine Gew-gawes.

Of complexion.moft of thefe Americans were reafonably fair and clear, little inclining unto blacknefte:
notwithftanding that a great part of this Countrey lieth under the fame parallel with cALthiupia , Ljhia,
andtheLandof iVf^^rcM. Sothattheextraordinary heatofthe Sunisnot (as fome imagine j the caufe
of that blackneffe > though accidently it may turn the skin into fuch a colour : as wc fee in many Coun-
trey- Laflits.even in colder Climates, whofe faces are continually expofed to the Sun and Weather. Others
more wile in their own conceit5(but in no bodies elfeJwill have the natural Seed oiihi Africans to be black
of colour ; contrary both to fenle and reafon. Experience and true natural Philofuphy being both at^^ainft
it. And fome will have this niack'iefe laidasacurfeonCW; , Cfrom whofe pofterity the W/miw,/ Na-
tions doderive thcmfelves) becaufe,forfooth, he had carnal knowledge of his wife when they were in
thj /4>-ii;_; a f.mcie .IS ridiculous, as the other falfe. So that we muft refer it wholly to Gods fecret plea-
lure ; though pofUbly enough the curfe of God on Cham and on his pofterity (though lor fome caule un-
known to us) hath an influence on it.

Touching the Original ofthis people , it is moft probable that tiiey defcended from the Tartars ; for
which there are fome Arguments of efpecial weight. For firft, it may be proved in the way of Nega-
tion, that they came not Irom Harope i as having no remainder of the Arts , Learning, and Civilities of it.
And Iccondly, that they came not from Afric\, in regard they have no blacl^men amongft them.cxcept
fom • rcw which dwell on the Sea- coafts over againft Guinea in Africk. '- I'rom whence they are fippoled,
to h.ivi: been brought hither by fome Tempeft, or o:her. Thirdly, tliat they have not the leaft token)
or fticw of the arts and indudry of China, India, or any civil Region on that fide of A fa. The ajftima-
liv: Arguments prove firft , that they came from Afa; next in particular from Tartarie. Ih.ii tlicy

c3me

cat

mo
th.
chi
th<
wii
as
pa

■■^>m^

A M E R I C A.

appMr

/? , i-.ipe
whence
winde

\ found
LyAia,

lied for
eirito-

Grt tkj,
U.

ne rea-

came otic of/f/ia , is more than manifeft , in that the vVillfide of thcCountrey towards ^]';,i n ur
more populous , than the Haft towardi hnropi- .• of wliicli there cm be no other ri.Mfon aliipned' tliaii
that thc'li.- pans were firft inhabited , and that from hence ilic reft \\ms peopled. Next, tiie Idolatry of
this people , and the particularities thereof, dicir incivility , and barbarous (jualities , tell us ihat
they arc moft like the Tartars of any. Thirdly , tlw VVcftlide of ylmtrk.i , it ii be not C ontinent
with T.irtMj , is yet disjoyned by a very fnwll Strait , as may be perceived in all .xir .^f.,ps and CWJr
as ilfo in the l>cfcriptioh of thefcCountreys : fo iliat there is into tlicfeCoiintreys a very quick and cafic
partape. And fourthly , the people of j^wi'mm , ^vhich'of all the Provinces oi^rlmrica is the neaieft
UBCo T.ittary . are faid to follow in their whole tourle of their life ^ the fealbns and bcft pafturin^, ot
iheir Clattd , juft like the Scjililan NomaJis , or 7'.v i.in.in linrMs ; an evident argumcni of their Origi-
nal defcent. '

Uut from what Root foever they did tirftdefcend, certain it is that they had fctled here many agci
fiiice, and overlpread all the parts and quarters ot this (pacious Continent ; tiierc hem;; no place, which
the Sp.uitaris, or any other Adventurers, found delolate, oi wafte.and without Inhabitants. r>ut their
numbers much diminiftiedfince thefe late Difcoveries v the Sp.wurds behaving thcmfelves moft inhu-
manely towards this unarmed and naked people: killing them uplikeflieep appointed ro the llaughtcr,
orotherwileconfumin); them in their Mines and works of drudgery. And had not C/;.(W(j the litth or^
darned with molt Chijtun prudence , that the Natives fhould not be compelled to work in tiie Almcs
againft thei; wills > but that the SpaniarJi (hould provide themfelves of S Aires elfewhcre : the Natives
in a little lomtir time had been quite exterminated, to the greit reproach oiC'I'rijli.iKity and the Uolpel.
1 or lo exccciiing barbarous and bloudy were they at their firft coming thither , that H.mnney , a Noble,
man amon^it them, being pcrfwaded to imbrare ilic Chrijlitn faith ; demanded hrft what lie lliould get
by being of thit Religion : and was anfwered, that he (hould pet Hc.rci and the joyes thereof: Ilieiv
would he know, what place wasdelHnate to fuch as died unbuptKiii » and was anfwered , tLat they went
to /Y,//, and tlw i oi ments o( it. 1-inally, asking unto wlii^h of thefe two places the Sp.tm./rM went , and
being told they went to Heaven ; he renounced lush.-ipti/m .• proteftin ■. that he would ratiicr go to Hell
with the unbapti/.ed, r/j.(fl r-v /jw i« Heaven rcitif (u ryml 4 people. I'hereft were driven unto the /-owf,
like fo many Horfcs to the watering place v and received into the Church of CVr;// without any inftru-
rtion : inlomucli that one old Frnr ("as himfeif contirfTed to Charles the fifth) had t.hriftened 7000C0
of them, andanotheiof thu rank 300000 never acquainting them with any of the Articles ot tiie
Chiftian twth , or points ot Religious converlation , Cexcpi it were to be obedient to their I'aftors
iii'id readier' ) Yet hei e I muft conterte, f lor 1 am loath to defraud any man ot his due j there hath been
made a gi cat improvement ofChiftianiij : the number ofChrijliayis in this Countrey, being thougiit by
lome Learned man of the Chu/cli of /fnwr, to equal all thofe of the Z„(t«V Churches in i:»>-o^t. And
though psrh ipi conftrainet* at firfl unto it as a niw Rcliq^ion, and of a ftritSer Rule than that which be-
fore they h»d ; yet by long time and education, it is now grown more plaufible and familiar to ihem.
1 lie I tuirch Ittrcot go\ erned by the four Arch-bifhopt of i . Mexico, z. Lima. ■. . S.I-lj, and 4. Dcmini-
10 ; who have under them 25 Suffragan 15i(hops,all liberally endowed and provided for.

When this new world came lirlf acquainted with the old , //al>el t^icen oi Casiilc , would not
pei nut any of her hush mil Ftriin.wik's fubjeds , robe planted here , viz. Anai^omnns , or I'aUmi-
.■i,;(> but licenfed the CaJliJians , /IndalMfmns , Rifcaim , and the reft of her own people oncly , en-
vying tiie wealth hereof to the rel>. When fhe was dead, Fi rMnaniio licenfed generally all the Spani.mis,
cxtludinponely the Portugal'- But fo rich .1 prize could not fo warily be fenced , but that the I'ortu-
(■;.//.i , Fnnch , Fni;liflj , and nowoflatethe Zi/ir-rswwrny wr« have laid in their own liarns part ot the
SpaiiiarHs harveft» who well hoped to have hada Jtlompo/y of fo wealthy a Region , andtohavecn-
j.>ycd without any rival/ or competitor the pofTeflion ("Icannot fay the love) of a Countrey lb abun-
dantly fruitUii. T or though foine of the Kings of Sp.ii>i , have been ufed to lay , that they loved the
F.iJ^ hidiis as their Aiijlrefle onely , irt whole favour they could patiently enough endure a Rival • but
cfteemed Amtrica as their wz/f , in whofe love they could not brook a Competitor , without loul .'..11
lionour ; yet by his leave"Cor without it rather) fome of his neighbours have made bold with his wife , in
thefe later times ; though in the affe&ions of his Mijhejfc they have irreater intereft. liut thefe attempts
of the En^lijh and Hollanders, liave been anoccalion of great ftrengtli to the whole Countrey. For
v.hcrc.i"; 111 o'ar firft Wars with Spain , our pnvare /hlrcatioes found the Sca-coafts almoft naked of
detirnce , and thereupon made many a ricii and prolperous voyage to thefe parts .■ i\\\: Sp.wiar.lsupon
liirhtotili.ic weaknefieand difadvantage , (0 ftrongly lortilied their Havens and Sea- Towns, that
tow..rds the liter end of the reign of Qyecn I'liz.ilntli , we were not able to accomplifh that with great
a:ul publick \ orce:, which before had been perloniicd by ("mall and private. Wl'.ich caufed our C'.iptaint
ar.d Adventurers, filling oftentimes in i\k d'Hi'mit ,toniakeup their Maikct on the Seas, in the return
oi'tlie .Spai:i]h Navies , as they yet do.

This AVu' r«r/i is very pientitiill of Spices , Iruits , and fuch Creatures which the oldirorld never
Knew, (forked with fuch rtore of Kine and Hulls, f brought hither o\iio\ F mope lince the firft difco-
very ) that the Spaniards kill ihmifands of them yearly , for their tallow and hides onely. Uleft with fucli
abundance ofGold , that they found in many of their Mines , more Gold than I- arth : a Metal which the
Ameru.ms not regarding , greedily exchanged for kimmers , knives, axes , and riie like tools of iron ;
for before, they were wont to make their C.inucs or Uoats plain without , and hollow within , by the
force o! tiie. Other particularities fh ill be Ipccified in the particular Delcriptionsof theleveralCoun-
tries. Iftiallnowondy takea bricfviewof futh of ih.ir IJeafts and fowls , as either this oil i yor Id did
not know , or knew not in luch ftiapcs and ipialilics , as urc 1 here preferred. Ihcir Ayo*; Idle in great-

ncDi:

1017

i If

loiS AM ERICA.

neffetlwnthofcin/^/WM , art- faid to be of colour j;i ay , and fo nimble as to climb Irees ; ihcir IJops
Inowtcdlike foxes, but deprived ot that property which the Logicians caW Profrinm qM,irton:oJtu , for
thov lould not bark'- th*'' H^^^ with talons fliarp as /f.j4o>/ , and the navilof their bodies on the Ridge
ot their backs: their iVrt^-f , and Deer , without H»rns; their Shnp (they call them L.tm.ts') notonc-
ly profitable as witii us , tor food and raiment , but accuftomed to the carrying of burdens , ("ome of 1 50
pound weiuht, Amongft fuch ftrange Buifts as this old tyorld knew not, we may reckon that deformed
one f whole name I fiiide not ) whole forepart relcmbleth a Fox , the hinder part an /ipc , except the
Feet oncly which are like a Mam : beneath her belly a lUceptaile like a I'urfe.whcre (he keeps her young ,
till they beabk to fbift for themfelves 1 never coming ihenc. but when they fuck, and then in again.
The /JrmadilU is in form like a barbed Horfe , feemingto be armed all oyer , and that with Artiticial
( rather than natural ) Plates , which do (hut and opeci. The / 'un^ne relembleth a Goat , but greater
and more profitable ; of the Fhece whereof ihey make Rugs, Coverings, and Stuffs ; and in the ^<//;
findethe Be^oar , fometimes two or three , a foveraign Antidote againfl: Poifons and venemous Di.
leafes. A kinde of Hare refembling a ivant in his feet , and a Cm in his tail . under whofe chin na-
ture h.ith fartned a little iJag , which (he hath alfo taughtjhim to ufeas a Store hou/e : for in this , iiavins;
filled Ills lWlly,heprelifrveth the remnant of his I'rovijion. The /'/^m/m, a little Ikaft (norfon.imedfor
nouglit ) w'.iich in fourteen days cannot go fo fir as a man may ealily throw a ftone. Then for their
Eirdi , they have them there in fuch variety of colours ; that the Indutns will perfectly reprefent in

I cailiers whatfoever they fee drawn with Pencils .- infomuch as a Figure of S. Fraicts made of Feathers ,
\\asprefcntedtoPopeJ».\r«^ ^intitsi whofe eye could notdifcern them to be natural colours , but
ihouphc them pencil-work , till he made tryal with his lingers. One called the TomiMep , ol all colours ,
fo little that it fcems no bigger than a Bee 01 Uutter-flie ; the mouth thereof no bigger than the eye of a'
needle ; yet yielding not to the Ntghting.ik in the fweetnelTe of its note and Mufick : the Bird and Neft
put into Gold Scales, not weighing above z^. grains , yet beautified with Featkrs of ib many colours,
ef.iecialiy in the neck and breft > that the JndiMMs make great nfe of them in theii Feather-fiilures.
Ufheisas big , as thefc are little. I he Coidores of fuch (\rength and greatnefle, that they will (all upon
a Shti-f or Calf, open it, and eat it. Like Miracles of nature have they in their Frtttts and Plants,
more proper unto Natural Hiftorj than to this Uifcourl*: : and many medicinal Drugs ofrareppera.
tion , Avhich I leave to the contideration of the Learned Herhalifts. I am too mncha Fool to he a Phj.
Jiiun, and therefore will not deal in fuch things as are out of my Element. Yet fomewhat of tiiis kinde
\vemay«hanceto™eet with, in the Defcrip ion and Survey of the feveral Provinces, into which this
niwtrorlil is divided.

• The whole is naturally divided into two great Peninfulai ; whereof that towards the North is cal-
led Mexicana * from Mexico the chief City and Province of it, fuppofed ( for the mod Northern
psnsofitarenotyetdifcoveredj tocontain ijooomiles in compalTe. That towards the South , hath
the name of Vemana, from the great Coui trey oi Peru; the circumnavigation whereof is reckoned at
J -oco Jtfi.lian miles. The Jfrhmus which joyneth thele two together , very long but narrow ; in
lomc places not above twelve miles from Sea to Sea i in many not above fevcntecn. By the Spaniards
ji 15 called the Streit of Darien , from a River of that name in Peruana, neer unto the Jflhmus : and
IS (o fmall a Ligament for fo great a Body , that fome have thought of turning thefe two Pcninfula^ into
perfeft Iflands. Certain it is, that many have motioned totheCouncel of Spam , the cuttingofana-
vigable channel through this (mail //?/jw«^ , fo to (hortcn their common voyages to China, and the
McIhccocs. But the Kings of Spain have not hitherto attempted it ; partly becaufe if he (hould imploy
the Americans in the work , he (hould lofe thofe few of them , which his people iiave fuffeied to live ;
partly bfcaufe the Slaves which they yearly buy out of Africa , do but fuffice for the Mines .ind Sugar-
lioules; but principally , le(lthep3(Tagebythe Cape of good liope , being left, iliofe Seas might become
n receptacle of /'i>(?r/. Wich doubtlefte was a ver^' prudent and Politick conlideratioD. Many times I
have read ofthe like attempts begun , but never of any finilhed. Sefoflns Kingofii^^f, Pariiu of
Ptrfa , one of the Ptolomies , and a late capricious Portugal had the like Plot , to make a palTage
from the Red- Sea , to the Mediterranean : fo had Cttfar , Caligula , and Nero , F.mperouis of
iitwf , upon the Corinthian Ifihmut. Another of the fame nature , had Churls the great , to let the
Khenc into the Danow \ the like had Lucius f'crui, tojoynthe Rhenc , and the Vfo/wV ; all which, in
ilieir peculiar places , we have already couched. Nicanor alfo King of Syria , intended to have made
a th.nnci from \.\\eCasj>iaHtoi\x EuxineSeA; an infinite projed, But neither he nor any ot the

I I Ib could fini(h thefe works ; God it feemeth , being not pleafed at fuch proud and haughty enterprife;.
And yet perhaps the want of treafure hath not been the leafl caufe , why the like projeAs have nor pro-
ceeded : befides the dreadt'ull ^oyfes and apparitions , which (at we have already faid j continually
aftVighted the workmen.

Not Ufleoblervablc than this great but unfeccctTefuldtfign of cutting a pafCige thnrow this ////;-
mus , from one Sea totheotheri was that notable , bnialikc fucccfTelefTe Attempt of "John Oxeiiham,
nn adventurous Englip,n:aii , in a pafTage overitbyLand. 1 his ro.in being one ofthe followers of Sir
/■>-./,.f;j/)>.!i(:£,arrivmg in a fmall Bark with 70 of his Companions,a little »ho\i Nomhre di Dcos , the
chitfell iownofallthe Jfthmus ; drew his Ship on Land, covered it with boughs , .ind marched over
the Land with his Company guided by Negroes , till he came to a River. 1 hue he cut down Wood ,
itiade liiin a Pinnace , cntrcd the South Sea, went to the llle of PcmIs , where he flayed ten d.iys ; inter-

• eprtd in two Spaniflj Ships ( who teaied no lineiny on that iide ) Ococo pound weight ot Ciold .
200C00 poi nd wiiglit in bars of filver , and returned in faftty to the Land. And though by tiie mu-
tinie of forac of his own Company , he nciihei returned into his Countrey , nor unto his Ship ; yet is it

AM ERICA.

an Adventure not to be forgotten , in that never attempted by any other ; 9ai\i^t\izSfMip> Writers
recorded with much admiration.

Butt* return to the DiviAon of this tountrcy , and the two main parts thereof which thi« i"frf»f
snitedi • Afexicana , or the Northern PeninfuU , may be moft properly divided into the Conti-
nent, andillandi; the Comintnt again into the (cvcral Provinoes of i EfloHland, zNovaFmncU,
3 Virginia , 4 Florida , 5 Caiiformia , 6 Nova Gailicia , 7 Nova Hifpariia , and 8 GnatimaLi ; each
of them branched into many lub-divifioni , and ieikt Tcrrhorict. ftrumu* , or the Southern Penin-
fnla , tailing in fome part of the Ifthnms , ai before wrc did, hath on thcCMtiMiirtheProvincctof
I CailelU Aurea , 2 Nova CrMMadt , 3 Pern , 4 Chile, 5 Par^tu^, 6 BrnJU, 7 Gniimd , and 8 Pa-
ria , with their Icveral mcmbert, parts, and particular Regionc. The Iflandi which belong to both
diiiicrfiul either in the Southern Ocean , called Msre del Zmr ; where there ii not any one of note , buc
I. Tbofc called Loslutdrona , and 2 the Iflandfcf ^'c^Imm**; or in the Nonbero Ocean , 01 Mare
del Norte , reduced unco 3 the Carilns , 4 Porto Rico, j Hi^amtla , 6 Cnlfa , and 7 Jammca. in the
furvcy of which particulars we wUI begin with thofe which lie on die Norch-eaft ot this great Conti>
nctit , not poileflicd by the Sfamard : and paffine ihorow the Plantations of f«ch other Nations , as have
any footing in the fame .came by degrees to the Eftatet of the King of Sfmin > that we may lay them aU
together without interruption : Mginning with EfittiUndt tbcBOft Northern part , and that which (as
fOtnefay^ watdifcovaedfirft.

XOT.9

Xxx

1O20

O F

ESTOT I LAND.

STOTI LAND,at under tbat name we comprehend 'thofc Regions of Mexitunk,
which lie mod towards the Nonh .and Eaft ; hath on the EaO, the main Occan^ on tlw
South, CanatU, or Novs Francia ; on the Weft, feme unknown TraA not yet difcovered :
and on the North, aBay.orlnletofthe StA ^cMti Hudfons Stnits , and called fo Irom
Htnrj Hnifon an Englijh- mm ; who by this way endeavoured to finde oat a more commo-
dious and quick palTage to Cathaj tnd China , than bad been Ibrinerly diicovered. It comprehends.
I . Efiotiland fpecially Co called. 2. Terra CortPrialis. 3 . Nm-f*Hndland, and 4. the Illes of Bacal.m.

I. And firft£/70/i/W,rpeciallyrocalled,is the moft Northern Region on theEaft-fide of America,
lying betwixt Hmi^ohs Streits on the North > and Terra CorterialU , On the South. The foyi fufficitntly
enriched with natural endowments, faid to have in it Mines of Gold and other Metals; but I doubt it
lieth too much North for Cold , whatfoevcr it may do for BrafTe and Iron. The propic rude and void
of goodnefte ; naked, notwithftanding the cxtream cold of theCountrey ; not havmg cither the wit, or
the care to cover their bodies with the skiAs of thole Beafts, which tbev kill by hunting ; thout^h their bel-
lies teach them to keep life by the flefh thereof, Said by the firft Difcovercrs to fow Corn , to make Beer,
or Ale, and to have many Barki of their own with which they traded mtoGroenlMci; as alfo to have
m.iny C^icies and Caftles, fome Temples confccrate to their Idols , where they firfl f:icrificed men , and
after eat them. The Language which they fpake, expreffed in Charters of their own ; but feme know-
ledge of the Latine tongue there bad been amongft them, and Laiine books in the Library of one of their
Kings, ui iderftooc by few.

Such wetc die Reports made of this Countrey by the firft Difcovereri , who were certain FtPjermen oi
Frtttland , Qi\\ by a Tempeft on this Coafl about the year 1350. Six of them only got on Land , where
dii died fave one : who after a long wandring from one Princes Court to another, found means to return
into his own Countrey : the King whereof called Zichnmi , being a great Adventurer in the feats of
Arms , prepared for the further Difcovery and Conqucft of it. Animated thereunto by the opportune
coming oiNicolo and Antonio Zeui , two noble Gentlemen of yenice : who defiring to fee the faftiiont
of the World , furniflied a (hip at their own charges, and palling the Streits of (7i^r4/f<<r held their
courfe northward , with an intent to fct England and F/anders. But driven by tempeft on this lland.
All. 1 380. they were kindly welcomed by the King , then newly profperous in a War againft tbofe of
Norway : who liked Nicoio fo well , that be gave him a command in his Navie , and under liis good con-«
dud woon many Hands, difcovered Groen-land, and provided for the conquefi of EflotiUnd alfo. Uuc
NicoU in the mean time dying, the bufinefle was purfued by his brother Antonio , the King in pctlon ma-
king one in the undertaking -.who liked the Countrey fo well, being once pofTefted of ir, that he built a
Cicie in it ; and there determiiting to fpend the reft of hisdayes, fcnt back AntonieMTAo Frecdand, with
the tpoft of his people.

This isthefubftanceofthe ftory of the firft Difcovery, pubiilhed long fincebyone Francifco Mar-
ctllino , out of the Letters of the Zeni : which had they been confidcred of as they might have been , we
had not fo long wanted the acquaintance of this part of the World. But whether it ,vere that their re-
ports were efteemed as fabulous by the States of fwroff, or that the time was not yet ripe tor this great
Difcovery ; there was nothing done in purfuanceof it : Zichumi never going back to his own Countrey,
and Frcedand not long after conquered by the Kings c '.Norway- So tbat the Knowledge of it was quite
loft again, till thefe later dayes. Said in tbe Letters of the Zeni, to be well ftored with Fowl.and the bggs
ofBirds, which they found there for th:irrefre(hing:tbe Haven where they landed , to be called Cafe
Trtni the people to be of fmall Stature, fearfull, and to hide themfelves in Caves, at tbe ftgbt of ttie
Frecdanders ;thitlhttewis d Mountain alwayes burning, or cafting fmoak ; together wi'h a certain
Spring , whence iffued a water as black as Pitch ; biit no fuch Cities, Forts, and Temples,as the Fijher- man
fpake of. The Countrey Weft from Freedand i coo miles.

To give you the face of it as it ftands at the prefeat, it is faid to be well cultivated, fruitfull of all necef-
faries for the life of man, and rich in metals , but extream cold : watered with four Rivers , which riling
out of an high Mountain in the midft of the Countrey, difperfe themfelves over all parts of it. The peo-
ple faid to be more ingenious , of better judgements, and more skilled in moft Medanick^^m, than the
reft of the Americans were at the firft Difcbvery ; which argueth fome more civil people to have beca
formerly amongft them. Their Garments of the skins of beafts, or Sea-Calves i with which alfo they
covered the out-fide of their Boats, to keep out the water, and make them able to endure the Sea. What
Towns they have, and whether the name of Cape7"W« be ftill iem.iiniog, I am not able to difcover ; this
Countrey lying ftill for the moft part hidden in a Northerh Mifi. All wc can fay, is, that forae hugli/b
names have been impofed of late, on fome Capes and Promontories, lying on the Northern (hores hereof
toward- HnafoHs Streits, by Hndfon and fuch others of the Englifi Nation who purfued that enterprife.
Ofvvh .h fort are fr/Wf Hf«)-/s /"oj-f/W, towards the Ealf, aljiioft at the entries oUholi Smits : and
tlwn proceeding towards the Weft, Cape Cknh, Kings Foreland - and lafl of all Cape nxlslcnkim.w the
end thereof , where thefe Stieits open into a large and capacious Bay, called HKajms F,>i\. but ot thefe
mot: pHfticularly in another place ; where we endeavour the Difcovery of fuch p.uts ot t!it w orld a:- ait
yet imkmtwn, ffld fo within the corapalTe of a Terra incognita.

:.. TER-

led. I
whij
r.ytl
A'fil

the I

the]

int|

lyin

the|

ot"^

her

foi

Coy

be.i

^KIBSWWHfJ

New- found" Land.

ESTOTILAND.

idn

2. T F. RRA C o RT i: K I /I L I S hath on the North , Fftotiland v on the South, Cu.uli, cr
Ntw-lranct. So callid \romG.i.ffiarCertcru/is , whoin thcyv.;r ijco left Iiisnymc unto it. It i> cal-
led alfo Terra dt Luborodoro, hoih from the pains required of tiie Husbind-man, and tl;c freat recomp cncc
U'hichit givcUiiin : in thefamefenfe, asOwfiwuinthcileaiin oi' Naplei, i") named Tcrr.tdi L.cjcro.
nythe/Vtw/i.uholuccecded in the pofTenion hereof after the Sp*ni*ri had forfook it , it was called
Neiv-BrctAgnc , with reference to BrctAgnt in Frani-, their own natural Countrey.

The people at the firfl coming of Corterults were found to be barbarous enou<;h , well roiouruJ, f.vifi
of foot, and very good Archers : their cloathing of licafts skins, their habitations Cavis, oi fomc (orry
Cottages i their Kelipion f <»^<»«i//», or none; their diredlions,Jocr/>p)i»«^^. Not fo forgetfull of the
Law which Nature had planted in them, as not to know th; necelfaryufc o( niAnui^f ; bucextreamly
jealous. Better conditioned at the prefent than in former times , by their near neighbour-hood to the
F> I Hch, and commerce \v ith Forrciners : affirmed to be very well difpofed ,to feed mod generally on fifh,
and to adorn themfelves with £»-,««/(■» of brafTe, or filvci. Their chief Towns. i.Breft. LSanUaAU'
yi4. 3. Cabo Marz/i, of which little memorable.

1 he Countrey firfidifcovered by iJ'f^.(/?«4>»C',(/'or, the fon o( fohn Ca'wt before mentioned -who in
the year 1 499. at the charges and encouragement of King Ihnrj 7''' fetting fayl from AV//?o/,tir ft made
the Uifcovery of thefe parts, as far as to the Luitmie of 67 and an half, ^which brirg<i FJioti/.uidvnih-
in the compani' alfo of his difcoveriesj The Land which he fir.ff faw,he called Prim.i J'cftu ; and an Illind
lyingbeforeithecalledSt. /o/jw.becaufedifcoveredon the day of St.John Bapiifl. Ihcy found upon
the Countrey plenty of »^//f Be^irs , Stags greater than ours, Scut-fillies of a y.ird lopg , and fiich ftore
oi'Coti fijb (which the Inhabitants called ^iifw/ud/^ that their multitudes fometimcs ttayed hisftiips:
hence the octalion of their name. Returning home , he found great preparations tor a war in Scot/.inJ ;
I'o that nothing tlfe was done in this Difconry hy tUc Fug/ipj Nation, liut three years after, Cr'/.rr
Cortcrialii a PortH^iieze, fetting fayl from Ltsbtn, fell upon tliofe parts oi Cabot s Difiovcncs.which fir.ce
bear his name : from whence he brought the piece of a gilded Sword oi Italian workmanfliip , left there
fuoft probably by one of the Cabot s. lleturning again the next year, he was no more heard of: drowned
in the Sea , or flain by the Salvages on the Land ; as was his brother Michael, in the year next following.
NegleAed after this, till the i^>f«f/; having planted in CanaJa,oT Nova Fra»cia,caH an eye upon it;
whogavethenameof^rfj? to a Town hereof, Caccordmgtothenameofa noted I'ort id ii'tk Erc-
tAgne : ) but whether they fetled any Colony in it, or onely did refort unto it in the way of trading, I am
not able to determine.

? . N F iv-F OV N D LA N D, (Terrs Nova, as the Latlnes call it j is a g! cac Ifland . lying on
the South oiCorterinlts . from which parted by a Frith, or Streit, called Golfe dcs Ch 'fleaux. So called
from the late difcovery of it, when dilcovered firff, thoogh it be fome fcorcs of yea's ago : asmckliams
Colledge in Oxford hath the name of Neiv Cotlcdge , though founded divers ages pad ; bccaufe it was the
Nsweft when that name was given.

ThedimenfionsoftheCountreylhaveno where met with. But for the quantity hereof, it is faid to
be better inhabited in the North parts, than in the Souths though the South the fitter of the two for ha-
bitation, i urniflu-d upon the Sea-coafts with abundance of Cod-fifh, as alfo with flerrings , Salmons,
Thornbacks, Smelts, Oyfters, and Mufdes with Pearls in them. Within the Land a goodly Countrey .na-
turally beautified with Kofes, fown with Peafe, planted with (lately Trees, and otherwife diverfificd , both
for pleafute and profit : the Aire hereof never very extreai.., more temperate in the depth of Winter than
with us in Ftif^land, the Pirooks being never fo frozen over, that the Ice is able to bear a Dog ; and thofe
little frofts hut feldom holding three nights together. The people ofreafonable d.iture,full-eycd,broad.
faced, but beardleffe, their faces coloured with Oker j their Houfes, Poles fet round meeting together in
the top, and covered over with skins ; an hearth , or fire-place in the midft ; their Roats of Bark.twency
foot long, and four in breath , not weighing above 100 pound weight; every of which will carry tour
men, and is by them carried to all places of their Removes.

Places of moft importance in it arc the feveralWijww/fof which it is conceived to have more, and
more commodious, than any one Ifland of the world for the bignefle of it not beautified wi:h Towns,
or buildings, but yielding very fafe (f ations to the greateft fliips. The chief whereof i . Renmfa, or Roig-
7ietffe, on the North of the Promontory called Cape dc Rai,,the South-Eaft Angleof thn ilknd ■. of much
refort fur fifliing, from feveral Countreys. 2. Portinformofus, or Fair-Haven, three miles North of the
other ; capable of great (hips, and bearing into the main Land above 40 miles. Situate in the Lntitude
of46.and 4c minutes, i. Thornbaj , by ihc l'crtng,:lst\^mci Fnfeada Grande, 'i. Trinity Bay on the
N6rth of Cape S. Franc:<, by the Portugals called Bahia de la Concepticn : a large Bay , t^'e miles broad
in the narroweft place '■> ytt lafe withall and of very good Anchorage. 5. Buna I'rfla, the name of a Port
and Promontory. 6. ;<'/j/V(7fi.z;,or Z(,«j^/.rw/jf, as the frf«f/> call it, lafe and capacious, ontheNorth
of the Promontory oiS.fthn. Letwixt which and Cape de Grat, on the North- Eaft Angle of the Ifland,
is no Port of note. Then on the South-fide of the Ifland, and the Weft of Cape de Rsz, , is 7 Port Tref-
paifii.. 8. Port Prtftntia, And 9 Part dcs Bajijnes (or the z;i/f/;;«jH.iven;) andon theWtft fide.having
doubled the Ca^H; de Raye, in the South, weft Angle of the liland, there is 10 S. Georges B.ij : all of them
fafe, ciipatiou<i, and of great tefort.

4. Uelore the UUnd, at the dillance of 25 leagues from Cape de R.ije, licth .1 long bank, or ridge of
^ound, extended in Ln^ith many hundred leagues, in breadth 24 leagues where broadelf, in other places
but U\' :vn : and all about it certain Iflands which Cabot by one common name called B AC A L AGS
("tha: name peculiar now unto one alone j from the great multitudes oi Codfijh ("by the Nitives calN;d
/tW.</.vojJ nhitliAvarmcd hereabouts > lo numerous, tint they lundieil il'e paflaucofhisfhips , as br-

ey
Xxxx 2

1022

CANADA

Newfoundland.

aitwlore was nottd.and lav in fuch iliuaU npon the ("oafts, thai tl'j IJears cauplir thfm \v;ili tlieir daws
fv dri.-.v them on land. 1 lit Government at that time by Kings, betoie whom the people ui tl.c tnoil lor-
m-.tcxprcflionsolduty and reverence ufed to rub their NuU;, or Hroke their forrlifads : uiiah it the
K:ng ohlcived, or accepted of, and meant to grace the party whiihhad fu adored him, lie turned his
licad to 'ms Ictc rtioulder, as a tnark of favour.

The full DiUovertis ol this Countrey (but not known then to be an Ifland) were the two Catdt,
^i,l)n, and his (on Stbnfiiau, inipioycd herein by Hemy the 7'''. 1 497- 8$ before was noted. 1 he bufincni*
bcinpliiidafide at his ccmini; back, was afterwards revived by Thrn and f.lwt ,t\iiQ o( Briflrl . vi\\o
taking a more perfcft view of it than was took by the Catots], .ifcrtbed to themielvci the diliovety of it,
and.inimatedKincHf/»r7 theS. unto the entetpri/.e: which was done y<«. 1527. but with ill lucceflt'.
Intiicmcan time the iVor»f4»j,/'err*g<i//, and £rito:is o( France had reforted to it ; and chans^ed the
names which by the Eng^liJIi had been given to the liaycs and Promontories. Hut tlie En^Ujh would not
fo ic'.inquiQitheii pretenfions to the Premier Seiftu. And therefore in ilie year 1583! Sir Hamfr^y
Ci'ibnt took polTf fi'on of it in the name ot the Q^ieen of i;»^/.»«J,interdiAed all other Nations the ufe
ol fiihing . and intended to have fetied there an Eh^Mj Colony. But bemg wracked m his return , the
fvi-.'^mi; ol the Colony was difcontinued till the year 1 608. when undertook by JoLk Guj a M.rihant of
lirijlci.viho mon fucceflefully performed it : the Colony fo profpcrin^; in 4 little time , that they bad
Wheat, Rye, Turneps, Coleworts, of their own Towing • fome probability ot Mttals >a certainty of A4.
l^:es, Mw-k., and other precious Commodities ,beridcs their filhing \ though that the ^reac oicafion of
their fetlin^ there. Such plenty is there found of Ling and Cod-fiOl, all about the CoaOt , that ordinari-
ly our men tak.- 2co, or 300 of them witliin four ht^'ors fpace ; which they convey from hence to all pai't»
of J:t<rope.

I.
H

Nova Francia.

1023

C A

N A

D A.

AN AD A ii bounded on the Nortii , with ComrMlu ; on the South , with Ncw-t ■ng.
/Wion the Haft, with the Main Oceans the Countries lying on the Weft, cither not yet
difcoveied , or not perfeftly known. So called trora the River Cah.iIi , the >;rca-
tcft, not of this Province oncly, but otall this PtninJHla. A River which haib its loun-
tain in the undifcovei ed parts ot this Northern Iraft : fometimcs inlarged into i;ieac
Lakes, and prefcntly reduct.d to a nanowerchannell , with many ijreat windings md Rc.tchct m'K.
Having embofoincd almoft all the reft of the Rivers ot" this Countrey , it emptictb it (elf into the (Jrcac
Bay of St. Lawrence , ovtr againft the Hie of AjJHmptioHi being at the mouth 40 Lcai^iies in breadth,
and i5orathomdcep.

It is alio called Ntva Francia from the French , who following th« traft of CMt , and Cortcridu,
made a further Difcovery of thcle parts , and planted feveral Colonies in them. The bufinelTe fult un-
dertaken by JaiiHesCartier,AH.i<il^. received here uladly by the iV.«/i*f/ with Uniting , dancing.^
and exprefling much ligne of joy : purfued by Monfieur Koierval , fent thither in the year 1542. by
Kinji I'r.tncu the firft , HOt onely to difcover the Countrey, but to plant fome parts of it, who builr tlirre
a fair 1 ortrefTc for his greater fafety ; followed therein by divers others of that Nation , in (heir feveral
time».

The nature of the foil , and people.vve fliall beft difcover in the feveral parts of it > each diflfcrinc, from
one another,and fo not calily conformed 10 a general Charalitr. Look we now onciy on the principal
Rivers of the whole , i CmmU , of which before , 2 Pemtegouet or NorHmbegue, as lonie call ir , of wind.
mure hereafter. % Quimbeque falling into tbe Ocean as die others do , 4 Rio S. 'fokw , ending its courtc
in a large Day called Bay Franctifc^ interpofcd betwixt Nova Scotia and the refl of this Countrey. 5 Lts
irtuRivters , which nfing far north , and pa/Ting thorow two great Lakes , falkth into the Cumda ,
6 Sai^r;enay , ofthe fame Original Courfe , and Fall. A River of fo ftrong a Current , that it fufiireth
not the Sea to flow up its Channel i fodeep, that in many places it attaiocch to 100 fathoms ; and
though but narrow at the mouth, yet groweth it broader and broader upwards ; and haying received
many leffer dreams , loofeth it felf at latl , where the other doth.

It coHtaincth in it the feveral Regions oiNova Francia , fpccially fo called, 2 Nova Scotia,
3 NorHmbegue , and 4 the Ifles adjoyning.

I. NoyA FRANCIA fpecially fQ named , is fituue on the South of CcwmW/j , and on the
North of I he great Kivrr Canada, towards tbeEalh but on both fides of it, in the Weitei n and more
in- land parts. The Countrey naturally full of Stags , Bears, Hares, Mattcms and l-oxes , whofc fledi tbe
l^ople did eat 1 aw (till more civilized^ h.iving tirft dried it either in the fmoak or Sun , as .hey do thci:
liOi. 1 hey have alio Horc of Conies , t-owle and tilh great plenty ; one Fiih more memorable
than the rcH , which they call Adtthncl , whole body and bead is like that of a Greyhound. Hut their
greateft jewels are their Chains of i:/«>-_^«i> ' a (heU-filh ofthe whiteft colour , excellent for the Ibntii-
mg of blood : which they fafhion into Beads and Bracelets, and fo wear , or fell them. Not very plenii-
full of fruits , or fit for tillage i yet it becedeth fome Corn , and of pulfe good plenty. The Aire more
cold thanm othei Countries of like height , partly by reafon of the greatnefTe ot the River , which
beingwholly of frcfh water, and fo large withall , chilleththc Aire on both fides of it ; partly bccaifeof
the Abundance of Ice, and thofe hills ot fnow, which the north- windepafTeth over in the wiy to this
Countrey.

The People , when the Frcnth firfl difcovered them , very rude and barbarous ; fewofiiienifurni-
fhed with houfes , but removing from one place toaaothci , as their food decayed ; and carrying all
their goods with them (a thing eafily done j upon thofe removes. Such as lived towards the Sea , or the-
greater Rivers , fomewhat better houfied. For in the day time they fifh in their Boats , which they draw
unto the Land at night , and turning ttiem upfide down , ileep under them. As til apparelled as hoeied ;
for they went all naked > except a little piece ot skin before their Privities. Some of them had their heads
cjuite fliaven , excepsim^ one Bufh of hair on the top of the Crown ; which they tuffered to grow to thi;
Icngthot an horli;sTail, tied up with Leather- firings ina knot. Each man allowed histwoorthree
wives apiece ; and they fbconftant to their Husband , that they never marry alter his death , but keep
ihemlelves continually in a mourning habit : a vizard as it were , made of greafe and Coal duft , whidi
they iptead over all their bodies. The women labour more than the men , both in fifliing and husbandry;
diggmgthegtoundinftcd of Ploughing, with certain pieces of ¥?ood , whcic they tow their >/,iu (a
Plant ofwhichtiuy make their bre.id , inmolf partsof America.) LIoIa^'.s in f',encral before ti.'c com-
ing ot tlic French, as they are moft of them at this day-, the French and others whitli have planted in theli
Northern parts, having .iddcd little more unto ClmliiMitp than by the C'lUnics they brouidit with them.
Yet in the midll of this'd.irknefle they faw fo much light , as to believe that when they died they went
imnicdiatly to the Stars' from thence conveyed to ceitain green ai.d plcalant fields , lull of ilowers and
iruits. I'lain F.vidcnte that they believed the ■.immrt.itiiy of the foul , and th.it there was loir.e place ap-
pointed for rtti.pt.on ot ir,

lli£i!;ict loiv;;sot 1: .it thnt time, i.lIj:.heL'.g.i , round in fi{;ure , com^.ifTid .ibout

, >: xs

vith three
C-.m-fc

i024

CANADA.

Nov.i Sanii-

•'
^

CourfcoftimbtrlUmparti, one witbin the other; Ih.npat tliciop , .ibouttwoRcd<hii;li , witlione
jiateontly to ^ive entrance, and that well fortified (in their Kindc ) wiih iMrs and !',at. Itli.idiiiit
5c,:',]caihoufc8, in the midft of every one a Court , and in thcmiddleol that Clouii n |li'teM'h:i!i di.-y
inadi. ilicir hre on. Situate far within the Land , about fiioi i'evcn I,ea^;ues from I'c banks tW tin- Kiwr
C\i>!.i(i.i, inthcmoft pleafant part of the Countre^' ; and therefore made the Icat oiilic;' Knifj , wlion
thcyhiphlyrcverencjd , and cai ried him on their fliouldcrs fitting on a Carpet ot skins. 2 SuJ.ic, or
St.iilacntc, and 3 . ^ikcqut , which the French call S. Croix , on the courfe of the (ame llivt-i- al(o ; tliis
U\\ A C oionic of the French. 4 Tadonfac , a fafe but fmall Haven , not capable of above ;o fliip* 1 at the
rooufli of i'.i(;«f>f4jr. 5 i^MMo-/r»» , a Caftlebuiltby Monfeiur Hoterval , when he came Hrff into thij
Counticy. 7 s. /.rw//, defij^ned for « I rencb Colonic by iWbw/i/Wi/fC^.^w/'/.ior, An. 161 1. hiitrcver
tame to i;icat cffert : yet fo much C/'-ow/i/dw jot by the undertaking, that ho kft hisnametoa jjrcat
l.akc ofthisCoiintrey ( full of little Jfiands) intiic Lands of the Vroijttcis , inhabitini; on the Soutli of
the river CuUiU , into which icemptieth it lelf atthelad.

z . A' oy A S C OT lA containetb that part of the Countriei o^Caiud* or Kov4 f MKc»,«,\vliif h
the XrtncU call Acc.tdic, or Cadie , (being a Peninfi4Li or Demy-Jlland ■> ) with fo much of the main I u- J
as iidli bit wet;n the River Ctin.idit and the large Bay called B.iy-fr.wcoift, from t!)e River of S Cvr.tx
upon the Weft , to the Ifle of Ajjumftion on the Eaft. So called by King J^mes , in the Grant oft kfe
Countries to Sir fyi/liam Alexander , after Lord Secrctarj ofScotUnd , and by Kinp Cku /,■/ foe h;s ap.
proved tidclity moft delervedly created Earl of Sterling. The Lctteti.l'atenis of which Donation beer
\)u: Anno i6zi. What time the Irench having been ouced of their holds here hv Sir S.im. Ar^al Gover-
noiir of / «V^im'« • had abandoned the South- parts of C«»4^ , and betook tlicmltlvcs more into tlie
North , andiliehiphcr parts of the Courfe ol that River. And in purfuanceoi i!i;> Grant , thdiidsir
n-illi.im AUx,n-Jer in the year 1622. (entaC»/y«/f hither: and having procured a newM.ip tobcnndc
of the Counti ey , caulcd the PcmnfuU, lying on this fide df the B*j Vrancoife, to be called A' ova Cai,-.
rlo)ii.i ; th !t on the Noiih thereof , to be called Neva Alexandria ; giving new names aUo unto iiitill
ot the Ports and I'romontories. For the better accomplifliment of which bunnefL- , heobrnincdaKoa
Patent for advancing a certain number of Pcrfons to the hereditary dignity of Baromts , orKni^'^hisof
ii,'uVAScctia , as we call them commonly V diftinguifhcd from others by a Ribbin of Omw^c Mir;;!; : the
niDiiey railed upon which I'atcnt , was to be wholly imploycd towards this Plantation. But beinj, . lable
Willi thole helps (as certainly Plantations are ol ton sueat harden for a private perfon ) or ^vllling to iiii-
ploy lus money to more profit, he fold Fon-Bojal to the French > and after difcontinued his endci-
voursiniC.

Places ofnioftirTiportsnce in it, i. Pcrt'Royal, in ylccide or Nova Caledonia , on the B.iy Francife,
once made a Colonic of the French by Monjietirde Mcnts , An.\to^. continued with much ditfituky
t'.ntheyear i6i^ when dclfroyed by Sir j'<««»«f / y^r^^/ ihenGovernoor ofthe Fngliih Plantaiior.sin
] irvini.i, by re.\fon that the fcfmtes, whole neighliourhood he liked not of, liadbeinm toneflthcrc.
Noliilince again unto tho French, m before ii (aid , by whom ftill poffefTed. 2 SLnkesB-ty, bytiie
Innch called Pert an Monton. 3 Gafpt , a noted Pojt in New- Alexandria , oppofite to the ille of AJ-
Jiimption. 4 Giichepe , oti a fair Bay m the fame Coafl aifo.

3. NO RV MB EG A hath on the North-eaft, NovaScotiai od the "".uth- weft, Virginia, The
ail IS of a j;ood temper , the foil fruitful, and the people indifferently civil ^ all of them , as well in^n as
women , painting their faces. I'hemenare muchafTefted cohunung , and therefore nevci' give their
d.iu(z!itcr$to any .unlefTe he be well skilled in that game alfo. The fVomeu are here very chaft , and fo
ueli love their husbands' that ifat any time they chance to be f lain , the widows will neither marry, nor
eat fltfli , nil tlie death of their husbands be revenged. They both dance much > and for more nimblc-
neffe , fometimes ftark naked. The Sea upon the Coafts fo (hallow and fo full < indt, that ic ii very ill
failing all along tiiefe (horet. The towns , or habitations rather , fo differently called by the French ,
Portug.ils , and Spaniard , that there is not much certainty known of them, "i'et moft have formerly
a rreea upon Nrrnnibegua , or Arampec , as the Natives call it , faid to be a large , populous , and well-
built town , and 10 be'lituate on a fair .ind capacious River , of the fame name aifo ; Uiit later Obfcrva-
tions tell us there is no fuch matter ; that the River.which the firft Relations did inrend , is called VimtC'
;wit, neither large nor pleafant ; and that the place by them me.int is called Aggimct.i, fo (Iirfrom
biing a fair City , that there are onely a few Sheds or Cabins » covered with the barks of trees , or the
skins of beafts. Howfoever I have let it ftand on the firft reports, it being poifible enough that the Town
freight fall into decay, deferred on the coming of fo many feveral Pretenders ; and that the Sneds, or (,'a-
bihs V. hich the lad men fpeak of , may be onely the remainders of it.

4. Adjoyning to thefeCountreysofOfcVMU, are feveral iHands notj'oyned in any common name, but
yec defei ving fonie conf ideration in this place & time. The principal whereof, i. N AT /SC oT F C,
called the Ifle of Ajjuwptioi^ (ituatein the very mouth of the Rivir, wa! firft difcovcrcd by J,tcjHes Cttr-
A'f/-, An.1534. inleng.jh 55 leagues, feven, or eight in breadth. Ihc Ifl.ir.J very plain .ind Lvsl, of a
Iruitfoll royl.beAutiftcdw til frees of feveral (orts.repleniflicd with gre.ic plenty both ofjoul.ir.d lifb,
i'.n.1 hirnifhcd witii convenient Rodes, though with no good Havens. Not liithcrto inh.ibited, for ouqia
I cur, f.iide. 2. A' A M F. «/f. , a frie oflittle Iflands in the grc.it Golfof St. Lawrmcc on tlic South of
N.uifL-ncc, fin! found out , or h equented by the Citizens of St. A'/,i/o in Ryctaf/.e, An. 1 5 90 of great re-
fv'.r; !(i;- the .1 A r/r pjhiiif, ulid upon the Coafts, which i? here fo g.iinful! , th.i: a FrcnJ) iJirk in .1 very
htil-j time hilled 1 500 oi them, flicfe Morfes (take this by the w.'yj areakindeofSeaHor!es , or Se.t-
C';..i. ; v.'iiii tu o:ectl) <ii a iuot Iong,gn)winf;do\v/i-vv,iru'!<'Utordi;uppn Jiw/iild Ccsrcr thr.;i .'':.>7,
bu£'.:(;cllcemcd a Sover.ii^^n ^■f>,/<ii(./? againft poyfbns. They hive al'o fj«r isci , no l-.its ,i''.- Hoiit;

.ib.Hi"

Ides of Canada.

CANADA.

102^

•bout lialt'an dl in length ; the ikin when drrflcd twice a«ihkk as that of a Hull j their ri.fli when yonn:^",*
as fwi:ci& tend.r is Veal. So fat and undluou«, tnu with the belhcs ot five of thcrii.thrri; i* made ulu A.
ly an Hoj-sHe-id of TcjiwOi/, as pood .IS tlut of the »Aj/, 3. BKlON, afmall IllandontheSocrIt
i)f the Ramfj , about two leaKuci in lenctb, and as many in breadtli . «t a neb foyi, fit |>;i;hir.i;'.- . w dl
Ihaded with tall and lofcy I'recti and Neighboured by .1 ftnallerlfland called Jjl /i/Michf, ot du- like
(l-rcility- 4. E R ITON , (Infulu Brttonnm) fo named from ^.i^kw Breton a French m.m , in tlic nmc
of Francu tile firft, called alio the lUand of St. Lawrence » is (icuatc on the SouthHaA of the HU of
Brion : in foim tri4nfntar,\n coropaflc about 80 fcj^uei > picafant and fruitluli, though for the moil pare
fwellcd with htlls. Deftiiute of llivcri, but interlaced with great Arms of the Se4, well f>ored with (hell-
Aftii and in the midn thereof a pccic Lake full ot little Iflands : the Woods replemdicd with plenty of
IX-er, bUck^h'oxts , and a bird called Ptngwin Inhabited by the ^ktive5 ontly, thouf^h tbe Portnj!_,il: did
foinerimcs endeavour a Plantation in it • bat finding the Aire too cold fur them, tlr y igain d.-ferred ir.
Tbe chief Haven is by the Fn/^iilh called Newport ■■> by tbe French Port hmx Angl'it , f. om tue great re-
fort of thei:«^/»yi!'toit,in'regard of their fifliing. j. ISLE D F. S A H I /■ , by the French fo
called from the lands which he high about it • dirtant fr»m the Brttun-lfle about \ o leagues to the Swch ;
15 leagucsincompaflc.butmore long than broad, and of unfafetanding. The pUnruit; oi it, in regard
of the (hfoty of the place,atterapted twice by tlie French, and once by the Portu^uti < but vithout fucceflV.
6. Others of lelfe note, ai Mtntfo, and Let Ijlet «/« Oi/tdw.v, I psfTe over purpoVely . there beinj^ lothing
01 buc hide to be fpoken of them.

So it appc irs by this accompt, that chough rhe/>(Mr/>h,ive given the name of A^oT'.f Francis, to all
lhef« Countrcys ; y tt they^flcvcr bad tbe honour of tbe firft difcovery , wherein the Fnii^tfjh and the For.
««^i/f<* had precedency ofthem: nor are portifled of any confideraMc part thereof , the Scots putting
in for a large fliarej the £Mi;/<y% Matters of the bcftl'orti, and all the Idands of ihcCounttey in the
bands of thr SMlva^et. Of theVe fome great and powerful! Nations over- fway the reft, ihe chief where-
of are the rrc^MOM on the North* Eaft of iV«)-«m^r^M<<. neighboured by the OrJIu/Ki^rv/n/ , the Alboume.
if»»»j,and t[\t .\el>iceriHcs,i\\tSoi$riifMoii,3.nii EtechiminSyOf Actikiie^^n^ new A/cxandri,i: the Mia.
tafinett, and the Atttr»vantani,on the banks of the Canada. All of them flout and hardy people , tilfc
of their words, treacherous in their prtAifes. and mercilefle in their revenges. So well acquainted with
the faAions and divifioni ol' Etmft, that they know how to make ufe of one Nation againd another ;
and by that means to keep themfelvci in their firfl eftatc , without being fubjed unto any. So that thu
footing which the Englifb, French, or Scott have obtilined am' iigft them , ferve rather to fecurc them-
fclvts in the way oftheir Trading, than to entitle them unto an rpofleflion, or command in the Coun*
trey > the /r;»(/!i being (hut up in « few weak Forts on the Noij|h of theO»<idU. the Scots pretending
onetytoaBay,ortwointheSouthof.^c(<Kii«;andtbe Engtijh being onely Trn^Mr/ ^r the will of the
Natives, for (uch convcnicncy elf filhing, as tbey have in tbe od joyning Iflanof .

Ncw-found'land

O F

I'll

.-'>

VIRGINIA.

IRG IN I A lutli on the North, CunAiU ; on tht South, f /u^;i^ i on th« liaft , if/irc dil
Kdort ; the Wtflern boundarici not known, or not well dif'covercd. So called in honour ot
Queen l.ttiJxth, that k irgtn Monarcli i wlicn diltovered (to n\\\j pui poi'c) by Sir H'.tltrr
li^^^^L ^*l"S.^t A"- 1 5^4 l>y tl<« natural Iniubltants called /tfnUhiM, liom a Fownol'that nanicj
li i "^^ on'.ouhechiennillihetountrey.

The Inland narts hereof are Mountainous and barren , lull of thick vvood«,a Keceptiicle for wiJdc
bealls, and tlic wilder Sulvniis. low.irds the Sea n.ore plain and fruitfull , as will appear by the
Survey of its lever.il Province* ; Premifmn tirll that I'lr^iMM m the full Latitude thereof extind-
ctli liom ibe sV'' 13ej;ref where it joyns with f kriiU , unto ih« 44'''. vcherc it ([uaitereih oi
tioriimbegii. ^

IhefirltDifcoveryhereofbythetwoC*^!///, rMlictandSon,/4». 1497. didtirfJ wtitletheC'rown
of Inglttnd ro this Countrey. The l^efijjn after lirconded by on« Mr. H^irf .brin^Mn); thenct certain ol"
the petit Kings or Prinee* hereof* who did Homajic toKinj; //rxr^the b''>. then futinn in hit Koyal
Throne inihe Palace of frij2mi»y/r>-; but nothing tiirthcr done in purfuance of it. And though 'juh*
I'er.uiMm.imMi Honntme , at the incouragetnent and charge ofKinj^i'V.inrA) the tiift, Anno 1524.
diUovetedmorc cfthe Countrey than Cx^w did >jrei the /^VfwtA too much in love with the pl«.ilures ot
Fritme , ot iiKingled in Civil wars afDongfl thcinfelvei, looked no iiiuther alter it; 1 ilumuch ih.ic
the Coontrey lying thus n^gleded, was r^dilcovered by thecbargctaod diredton ot Sir ifa/tcr Rakish,
t\\tn Captain of the GuuU , an^ io great power and favour with QuNn E/ii^kth, Anno 1584. who
fending Ma^cr Philip Am^i , ipd Maftcr Arthur Barlow upon this cntployoient , did by thciii t tK«
polTeAionofi(in(^een /:/iWr(^/ name; in honour of whom he caolcd it to be called f'i>|iMM. Tlx
next year he fent hither a CoLnj , und^r the condui^t of the nobk Sir RichardGretnvile .- who not
iupplied with neccflaries for their fubfincnce, returned home again. In the year 1587. a (iKond C«-
hiiy is fent hither , but as fucccileilc as the iirll : the bufinene being undertaken onely on a pri>
vate I'urfe, not owned a> the mrrrf/; of the State, or of publick moment , till ihc year 1606. Inthe
ine.in time the North p.irts of this Counttqj b:iag more perfcil^ly difcoveied by. Captain Barthilomcw
Go/'noU, An. 1602. and theiQiddlt pvts being taken up by she HolUnJtri nut long alter, that is to fay,
in the year 1609. the whole U?taine divided into thefc thjte part*, i. Ntn Hnglund. 2. NaX'Hm Btl-
gitm. 3 . ; 'trgim.1 ftriAly and fpecrtilly fo called. To which the Ifles of the BermHei.ii fliali conic in for a
'fourth.

N F. lyE NC LAND hath on the North- Eaft, NorHmbeguu; and on the South Weft, Novum
Bilgium. Socalledby the /^<iff«/«r?w by whom firft planted , not fo much becaufeoppolite to AVy*
Aloion, as fome men conceive i as in imitation of the like ad jun As of diOinAion, given by the Fnm l> md
Spaniards, to Nova Francia, Nova FiiSj>ama,Nova CaUina, NovaGrnnada, and the like.

fhe Countrey fituate in the middle ofthe7'^w;>r((i;t'ZcMf, betwixt the degicts of 4i..ind44. c(|u»l.
ly dirtant from the .^mVil^Cirf/* , and the Zro/jn^of C<i««r> byconfequence naturally of the (irae
degree of heat, with /•>.(««, or 7^/;; Butbyreafon of the thick mifts which arife from the Seas ad-
joyning , thofe heats fo moderated , that the i^e it foun4 to be exceedingly agreeable to an E»^lijh
body. The foyl not oatYj fruitfull of fuch Cooimoditiei as grow there naturally • but alfo of all lorts
of Grain which were brought ,Trom England^ Gutf. ftorc of Woods, and frees, both for fruit and
building; plenty of Deer within the Woods, pfSalt xai Fifli upon the (bores; and as fur lurkies,
Parcriges , Swans , Gecfe , Cranes , Ducks , Pigeoi)*, fuch a full variety , as fetves not onely for ne-
ceflity , hut for Pride and Luxury. The Commodicici of moft note for maintaining of IValliek , rich
Futf , and many forts of Fifli, fome Amber , Flax , Linnen , Iron , Pitch , Malls , C;able5 , Timber fit for
Ihipp'ng ; in a word whjtfoever comes to Bnglandb^ rhcvii.^ ohhc Sound , migh; be at better latei,
•md with far lelfe trouble be fupplied from hence > at ieaf^, if we believe the Relations of it , publifhed in
the year 1622.

Ihe people for the moft part well enough difpofcd , ifnot roughly handled, hofpitable, and moreci.
vil than the reft of their Neighbonrs. So tradable and docile in matters of ^f/i^iow, that likuig well the
Kites and Ceremonies of the £«f/»yS, at theiififff fitting there, >^« 1608. the^would ufe to fay thw
A («j James was a good King, andhu God a goodCtd, but thiir Tanto naught. VV huh Tanto was an evil
(pint, which did haunt and trouble them every Afoon,ini therefore they Wiirfliipped him lor fear.
Which notwithftanding , 1 finde not any great increafe of CAri/?»<*»i>jf amongft the Nntivn: our Eng-
ff/(/Zi Undertakers thinking it fufficient if they and ttmr houses fcrved the Lord, without c.iring what be-
cam? of the Souls of the wretched people ; vvhich hitherto have fate in darkntjj'e and the Jljaderv of death,
notwithftanding thofe Nerv lights which have (hined amongft them. And as for thofe Ntw-c.Bn>ers
wlti^li have plaiiud there, all /;'«(r/</J, though fome immediately out of FJolland' I cannot better tell you
of what ftrain they were, than'in the words of fohn de Laet,NoviOrbts lib. 3- c.tp.'^- where he ob-
Urveih, Primes hujce Colonos, mi o~ ilios cjuipcftta accifferunt, pctijjim!'r>f.a/4t cmtiino fuiffc ex corum ho-

h,nm^ieA»,tjnos in A>iglialiTovipi(\ip(^Put,n&poi'Voca»t, quaks >wn pdftci O- iu Iklgiuijl /«p n'ori-

Thcy WiCU ('44tb hej eitlK£ for tlie moft

parr.

I'lu ,wn/i ft nccf(r!int , &■ him a^.fociosfunt proftUi.

•V

NevvEnoland^ VI R G I fsj I A.

pirt , or ilto^ctlicr of tint Sa^, which in f «(;/.«;,./ arc rallcJ Brorrmfli or y^r/^ many orivhichli^'
lorrncily betaken tliemltlvci to Hi>lU„J , but alt^jwardi went thence to joyn with their Ur.thrcn in

Princi'f).il Kivcri of thij part, i Tamffict, whercoiir mtn found Oyftern of nine inchei loni'. i A'^-'/r

• Kiverolthe7.<nr//<w/ oneof thechieJNationiolthiJtraft. j^-.,i;„A.,.tf.ofmol>note',indd«UTl
yedly too. Of a mile and an half broad at the moudi or influx , aad'lb upward* tor the fpacc ol.i d i\c«
)ourney : where it maketh a large I-ike ihrce dayc« journey broad, with lix Jlland* in it i nounOicd with
two l.»rgc Channeli , the one from the North-ead , the other from the North-well . each of ih .m rifinc
from a L^t^e , tlic Icalt o» which tour daycs journey lonj; , t wo broad, th.- other double it. Ot Iclfe note

1 he Ciounti cy on the ^ea•nde lull ot notable Ihve^i, populoui, and very well inh.ibitcd . infomuch a<
Captain^ *</) 1 ttkoned in the loace ot 70 miks above twenty H.tvc„, , tome of them capablcofsoo or
1000 fail: moHofthem fheltcred from the fuiiesof wind and Tea. by theinterpofitionoiH.mL- lll.nd^ of
which about 200 he upon that Coaft. In the tpatc of 70 milci he reckoncth torty Villages of tlu Wav.
barou* people , .he chict ot which , i Muc<,d.,cHt , z Sc^ock t , ? I'tmm.,-,m 1 , 4 A'«/; ,-«„« , 5 K,«mkc.
^Hi , &c. all called by the name ot tome IJrook, or water , upon which ihcy were leiied. Since added by
ihe Ehj^IiPj , I SO'tor^ei Fort , the fiift Plantation of the F,,^/,/),, built by tlwm at the mouth ofthe River
SMgshudoc- , in a Uemy-llland, An. 1607. z i\'cn> I'limomh', feated in a large and cnpacions liay \ at the
tint buildini; { An. 1620. ) conlilling ot nincrcen families only , but in fhort time improved to an hand-
lorn I own: winch ant wasthetirft I own, to it was the HrfUhurchwhicJi was (etied there, modelled
according to 1 lie lorm ot Mr. Rcbi>iJo»s Church in tUUnti, ( that notorious SiparMiil, ) and alter made
a pattern to the tell of theleChunhei : each ablolute and hdvpcndtnt in it felt, without fubordination
unto any Superior, tor my part, I brhold /t/d/io;;./,:/, as the Primitive Government of the Church of
Chrifl. liut if there were no other Pretenders to it, than Preshyttrii; and lU'p, ndencic ; I rtiould as toon
look for the Scepter and 1 hrone ot Chrill fas they pleaietophrateit J \nt\K CucrdmMion oi Ntn-
England, M m the i'w^r'wwof 6V«ft^.i,orthe Kirkof iVof/.w^i 3 Z,V<y/o)v , upon the Sea-tide alfo,
but more North than PlimoHth. 4 BurjUfU , to called with reference to a noted Sea-town of that name
'ittDcvonlhirt;!i%S ^c/Z-'w , with like reference to as noted aSea-port inLinco/nfiin, J:>Hiliipi,ick,on
Ihe Hay of AUlJMhHjitt , a I own of an old name, but a new plantation.

This part of / irt^inU tirtJ difcovered by Captain Go/nold, An 160 a. and the next year more pcrtedly
furvcyed by tome ot Brtftol; was by King fames An. 1606. granted unto a certain Corporation ot'
ktiiglits ,Centelemen , and Merchants, to be planted and difpofcd of for the publike : Sir foh» Vnpham,
then Chiefjiiftice of the Ctrnmon FUm , being one of the Chief alfo in that Commitrion. Hy his cncou-
ragcment.and principally at his charge ,ti Colonic was fenr thither An. 1607. under the Prelldtncie of
Captain Ceone I'opfmm ,ind Kaiegh Gilbert , who built the Tortreffe of J (7w^f at the mouth of ^"4-
gah.uloc. Hut tlie Prelident dying the next ycaj-, and not long after him the Chief 'fuftice alfo, tlie Colonic
defpairingol good fucitls, returned home again. Succefslefly again attempted An. ibi^.iht ZJnder'
takers were rttolved to m.ike further trial of their fortune ; and in the year 1616. fent out eight ftiipj
more: but it never fetled into form till the year 1620. when by the building of AVw-f/zwowf/j, and
fome encouragements fent thence to bring others on , it grew in very ftioit time to fo twifc a growth,
that no Plantation for the time .ever went beyond it. Ihe growth of old Rome and New- Englandhii the
like foundation : both SanAuaries , Adqut lurba omnu ex finiiimisgentibiu novarura rerura cnpiM% con-
fiuxit , as Livj telleth us of the one ; retorted to by fuch of the neighbouring Nations , as longed for
innovatiom in Church and State.

2. NOFVM BELGIVM or iV/i? 'L'-iV^/) £ /J Z. //A' 7) r, hath on the North-
eaft Ntvf- Fiji'land \ on the South- well I irginia , fpecially fo called. So named from<he Ncthcrlanders,
who began their plantation in it An. 1614. the Countrey being then void, and confeqaently open to the
next Prettndtr , according 1 that Maxime in the Civil laws, ^x nulliiujurrt^in bonis daiitur oanp.inti.
And yet they had tome better title than a bare Intrufion , having bought Hadfons Cards and Maps , and
otherwife contented him tor the charge and pains of his Difcovery, An. 1 609. Of which more anon.

This part of the Countrey extended from the 38. Degree and an half, to the 41. 1 5. of a good tem-
perature both of Aire and foil : truitfull of ihofe things which the Earth brought forth of its own ac-
cord , abjndance of wilde Grapes , and Nuts , Trees of great height and bulk for (hipping ; plenty of
Herbage. Oore of Plants, the etfeAs of nature: and where the People did cheir part, fuch increafe of
Maizx: ( a Plant of w'lich they make their Pireadj as flicwed their care and induflry to be well boftowed.
Since the planting o. lUe Holl.inders there, abundantly well furnithed f within their command) with
Wheat and other torts of Grain i as alfo with Flax, Hemp, and fuch other Commoditic$,as were brought
hither out of Europe. The fVoods repleniflied with Deer , and the Plains with Fowl ; the Rivers not in-
feriour to any, in Sturgions, Salmons, and other the beft fort of Fifh, which can fwim in the water.

The People, thou)',h divided into many Nations , afld of different Languages , are much ofthe fame
difpofuion with the other Salvages. Clad in Beafls skins , for the moft pare without certain dwellings ;
dwelling together many Families of them under one poor roof , made of Poles meeting at the top , aiiii
covered with the bark of Trees. Their houfliold (tuff a T.^acco Pipi , a wooden di(h ,and an Hatchet
made of a broad flint '< their weapons , Bow and Arrows , but their Arrows made or headed with the
bones of tidies, their Religion Idolatry ,oz worfe, their chief God the Z)fT///, whom they wordiip
under the name ofAfenetto : but with Itlle pomp and Ceremony than is uled in Africk- Of manners,
fearfull anil lufpicious (not without good cauC.) wonderfull greedy of revenge; but if weltufcd,
tradabit and obedient unto their Superiours , ticMe.but very faitlifuil unto the' vvho trull them .•
y y y y conceiveA

103;^

"p^S^

r^ VI

1028

V I a G I N 1[ "A. Novum l^el^ium.

conceived to Bl- indinjible to the ChriJiuH faith, ifthey had tallen into tlic hinds and cotiimaiid of thole,
who had lludied godltnefs moic than gM,i.

Rivers of note they have not many. That want fupplyed by many l,ii;',e ,ind capacious \\ iy», .;!! alont;
the Coart ; the principal of thofe ihat be i MtnhiUtis , by fomccaiUd ,V.ijf, :(/«, but by ihe D/Juh com-
monly Noortit Rivier , which falieth into the Sea at Maj-Pirt, (b called by C>n;c!iiu A/iy the Milkf of
a Ship of HolianJ, at their firft Plantation : another channel of it, which tio.Ti the noilc tlicrcoltliey ciM
Hfll-a.ite , empcyinp it lelf againft an Hand called the /fte oi'Nnrs. The i^ivir about 1 5 , or 1 f>. 1 athom
deep,' at the mouth thereof, aflbrdeth a fafe lloid for (hipping, but of ditficult entrinct. 2 Xu.d Rivier,
fo called, btcaule more Southerly than the other ; as lair as that, but hitlierco not lo well diitovtrcd.

Towns here are few cither of the old or A'ov I'iantationi. "XheNAtuud 'nhabitants live together in
Tribes , many Familieiof thofe Tribes under one Root , as before was laid > bjt thole I iniilies io remnce
from one another , that their Habitations are not c.ipableof the nameofa Iowa , and hardly oi :< (Lk-
tered Village Nor do I finde that either (hi HoI/.mM is o ihetni^Ulh ( whii noiv divide the whole
among them ) .ire much piven to building : The title oi the D.-nch being liibjeA unto Ui.'u difputcs ; and
the PolTellion of the EnglilJ} not confirmed and (istled. Hudi'on an EnfJiilm-vi . hud i\xin loinc time in
the DifcovcryofthisCountrey,andf.',ivenhi$namctooneoftheRivers'"ofit. W.h himtlKi/.//,Wi'r/,
An. 1 009 IS before ii laid .compounded for his Charts, and M,ips, and wliufoever lie could tlialleoRe in
the nolle and lutcefs of that his Voyajje. But they were hardly warm in their new habit. itions , wnen
Sir S.tmuci Ar^M , Govcrnour ofyirginia , fpccially (0 called (havinu difpoffeflid the Franh 01 that part
of C4».i«i.i . now called Nov4 Scotiti , An. ibii.) dilputtd the piWreHiiui with then.' alLdpng that
Hudlcn , under whole falc they claimed that Countiey , beinj; an Englilhm.in , and licenfed to dilcover
thole Northern parts by the Kini^ oi England , could not alienate or difmembcr it ( beint', but a part or
Province of I'irginia ) from the Crown thereof. Hereupon the DmIcIj Goveniour fubmits hmireifand hn
Plantation to his Majefty of i:«(f/.i<«J ,aiul the Governour of |»Vg/Wj for ,and uider hi(p. Hut a new
Governour being fent from Am^irJtam in the year next following , not only failed in payint^ tiie condi-
tioned Tributes ; but began to foryfie hirafelf, and entitle thofe ot'Amfirrdim tos jull proniiety. lo
which end, he j.;ave unto the Countrey the nameof .iVtw A'rt/w>AM;/i,cont<ciTcJ new names on all the
Bays and Rivers of it ' and poflclTed himfelf of a little Hand neer that Branch of the A'oonit-Rtvitr,
wliith themfelves call HellgMe : where he laid the foundation of a Town , called iViw Amjhrlim ; and
built a Tortreis by the name oiOrAxge Fort , which he garrifonncd , and planted with five p. .-.cs of Can-
non, Complaint whereof being inaUe unto King CW/m ,and by himreprelcntcd i\iiVxSt it.sQ\ Hal-
Und : it was declared by the faid States in a publick inOrument , that they were no ways intei clfed in it.
but that it was a private undertaking of the fVeft- Indian Company oi An.JiirtLim ; ami lo reticrred ic
wholly to his MajeOies pleaRire. Which being declared , a Commidion wiis forthwith qrantedco Sir
George Calvert , Lord BMtimtrc to plant the Southern parts thereof, which lie ."'■xt f'irgiHi^,by tiie name
of AfA RT-L AN D: the like not long after to Sir Edmund Lejikn , fui- planting and policlliag ihc
more Northern p.irts which lie towards JVfw-£*|f/rf»(/, by the name of iVoi-.i Albion. And thougli tlic
Hollanders did then feem willing to be gone , and leave all they had there , ioc tlie fum w Z500. 1. yet
taking advantage of the troubles which not long after followed in £»^/<imJ, they hive not only raiiiei
their demands to a greater height -, hut furnilhed the Native Indies with Arms , and taught them how to
ufc their Weapons. A mon mifi:hievous and wicked Ad ; not only tending to the damage and difcou-
ragement of the prcfent Advcntuiers ,buc even unto tlie extirpation ot allChndians oa'cfallthefe
Countries. But the bed is , they were the firft that fmartcd by it. The i'4/z/.(^ry thus armed and trained,
fell fowl upon them ,deftroying their I arrae Houfes, and forcing them to betake thetnfelves to tlieir I orts
and Faftnefles. What hath been fince done ( for the giving of new names to lome of the »>ld p'aces , I
look on as a thing of nothing^ either in getting out the Dntck, (v '4antinii Colonies ot the Et'^lifil can
hardly fay : but 1 fear that little will beaded , or to little purpofc, Lll it be made a Work oi more publick
inteiefle.

3. y IRG IN I A fpecially fo called, Iwih on tbeNorth-eaftA'/tJv-iVrfAfr/.wi/, ontlieSoutli-well,
Florida ; the namereftrained to this part only , fince the two laft Plantations, v.hicti before was common
to the whole. The Countrey lieth extended from the34. tothe iS.degree of Niuthern /..m/wJi- .by
conftquence tlic Aire inchned unto heats , if nor refredKd and moderated by a conftant Gale of Haltcra
winds, which they cal the Z^W«f land the blaHs driving on it from the open Seas. IJivcrfifieU molt
pleafantly into hills and valleys < the Mountains clothed with woods , .uid the fields with iruits. The lixl
fofroitfull.that an Acre of Land well ordered will return 200 Bu(htls ,or25 (^larier of Corn. Said alfo
to be rich in veins of Altom , as alfo Pitch , Turpentine , Itore of Cedars , Grapes , Oilc , plenty of lWe«
Gums , feveral forts of Plants for the Dyers ufe , Tome Mines of i 1 on and Copper , of limber trees almoU
infinite numbers > as alfo great abundance of C.ittel , l-ifh , Fowl , 1-ruit , and of Afai*. no licaicity. Some
Chrijhll found amongft tlie Mountains, on ttie (bore Ibtne Pearls ; nothing deticieiu either m the foil , ot
Aire, for the incouragement and reward ofia thriving Nation.

The People are but few in number for fo largcaCountrey, and thofe .is different in fi/« ,as in liwecli
or manner , Some of them , whom they call Salques hMo.\i , of lb vaff a preiuncls , that m toa)|>atilon of
the Englijh tluy Icemtd as Giants : clad with the skins of bears , and W.)lvis m lb llranjit manner, that
the head of the lleaU hung before tlKir brearts inikiul of a Jowl ; tk-ir Arms , lJov\ s , Arrows , and a
Club. Some on the other fide , whom they call tyigccecmaci ,oi lo low a llaiurt , tliat 111 relation to
tlie other , they lippcar as Pigmies. But generally they are .ill of tall flature , w.ll luiih.d , lor ihe
moff p irt without IJenrds , and the one half of the head kept (haven : doiiied in loole M iiule» made of
the skins of Deer , with an Apron of the fame to bide their n.ikednel's • the refi of tbcir bodies panuvd

over

B.^ a MUD A z

VIRGINIA.

over will) the liiuircs ol Sn peius, oi- of fonie other Creature (Mm liorrid fhape. Strons; .md accuftomed
to the cold , u Imli t!iiy p.itiently endure, or t'cel not : w.iverini', and inconllant, cr.itry, and lomevvliat
more indulli lous tluiii t!ie rert ot'ilic S.ilv.i^es; but f^ivcn to ani;cr, and as iirecdy olreveni^e .naiiy. Gods
they have iii.niy, tor they wordiip all thinps (and tliem onely) which are like to liurt tlicm;as lire.Water
Lit;litniii!;, 1 huiidcr,ci -So that it tnay be laid of thcrn.as once LailnHiim iud ot'the ancient Kom.iKs(dni
not the iunorance of thefe poor Wretches render them excu(ablc,i'nd make them titter objcds lor our
Prayers and pity,than our Icornsj Pi^mjjim hoti.ims tjui ncosfuas/emptr h.ilnnur pr^Jaites. One nevii,
God above all the reft Ctlicy call htm Oke) whomihey \vor(hip,asthemlelvesconfelle, more tor tear
than love. Not yet convened from ihefe horribL- and piofle Jdohtrtes , by the lom^ neighbourhood ot
the Enn^liflj i acculed in that refixd mort juftly by thofe aiR*jnc.

No Lountrey for tiie bis'.neffe of it can be better vi/atci ed, or yield fairer Rivers. The principal of wliicli
\>-l'uwh.it,m (fo called by the nameof that petit A'ciVt/ir, whole Territory it p-illeth thrcughj whith
liavini; run a tourfe of an hundred miles, and Navirable all that way by fmallcr Velfels ; is at his fall itito
the Sea about three miles broad. 2. /lp.im*tuck.. ? . A'.infitmitmi, and 4. ChikHkinumut, all I'ributanes to
lUwIuiM. <;. l\inuim<k;\ fourteen miles more North than V.twhMan, but ol lell'cr note. 6. Toppaliamck^ .
Navigable 130 miles. 7. /'.iMwoOTf i^f , paff.ible by l5o.it 140 miles, and lis, or (even miles broad.where it
•.illetli into the Sea \ iiicreaied by many ielfer ftreams which come out of the Mountains j and generally
Well Itorcd with 1 ifli. 8. /'/ovrww.vwr, ofa fliortcr Race, but a deeper Channel than moll of the former
( 1 6 or 18 fathom deep) and of more choile ol I i(b than the others are.

Alonf^ tic I'.anksofthefe Rivers dwell tiieirfevcral Iribcs, fcarce any one of which makinj;; up .in
Imndred nan ( that of /".if-drowu^f excepted, winch is able to arm after their manner 160 j many not
yieldin<^ above 30. and fome not lo many. I heir habitations not conraininR .ibove ten, or twelve lioules
apiece ,but in fhofehoules fundry particular families, are tor the moll part covered with the K.irks of
Trees ; lo placed , that the common Market place ft and.th in the midO, at an equal diftance : the houfes of
thin tveroanca ("or the fA/i// of their Tribes) .md that w huh lervetiuhem lor a Temple, bcinj^ (bme-
what finer ilian the relf. And of thcle iiabitations fome are prefented to us by tiie names oiOoamkr, by
the /;«^'///i called the l/ltuiie 7 o-irn. z. Ptmiuk^e. 3 . .S'/ifMrf;^' , faid by my Author to be Civifrfi ,iot;)/,< , a
large Citie, but we muft underftand him with Relation to the reft ot this Countrey. ^.Chowam,tk 5 .i'«-
littitH. b. At.ut,ikcH. ■j.iyfopomiokf. 'Si.VjIhokomk^, laid to bc inhabited by none but women. 9. Chi.
p^iio. in. Afiilciimun^c , both upon the Sea ; moft of them called by the name of thofe^ fcveral 'Tribes
which inluibit :n thein.

1 n relerence to the F.nf^lijh and their PlaittMicrts,\ve are to know that ihey made choice of tfce South-
fidc iif a large and j;oodly Bay, for the place ol their d wcllini^. A Hay which thrufting it Iclf a j^reat way
up into (Ins Countrey, and receiving into it many of the Riven before mentioned ; is by the Natives ciU
led Chijcpoack^, and y icldeth the onely {\\it entrance into tliis part of the Countrey : the Cnpts thereof foi
tiiatcaulc fortified by the /: f>^/()Z> > that on the Southern point bein^ called Cape Henry, and the other
C'.ipr Charles, accordiiu; to rile names of the two yoimg Princes. Towns of mofl note which have been
ether linte built, or triijuented by them, i . j^rnes Town {Jacohipolis, lb named in honour of King J units,
on the South-lide of thai Bay , not tiir from the River Chikjihtimania : firft founded in the year 1 606, ac
what time it was trenched about , and lome Ordnance planted on the Works. 2, Henries Town (Hen.
ricopolts) i b named in honour tif i'rince Hi nrj, the eldeft Ion of Kinf; James , built in a convenient place
morewithintlie Land, iS miles trom^.(mr^7uii>n. 3. /)u/rj-_gi/r,fo called, bec.iule built aod planted at
the charge of Sir Thom.is D.iic, An. 1 610. 4 BermiitLi, an open Burrough five miles from Henncopolu.
5. A fruwjj/i/.w, a noted md frequented Port in tlieB.iy of C/)(/t'/ioiif/(;^, very much traded by the iiw^/i/i.
o jf/V MOW,! It the chief f own ot7'(iW;4M«, one of the Koitelets of this Countrey < much courted by the
j;nglip> at their firft felling liere.and a long time after : a Crewn being fent him by King James w th many
other rich pi elenis, the better to fwceten and oblige him; but for all that he proved a treacheroas and
unlaithtull Ntit^lihour.

The fum ot ihc affairs of this laft Plantation, is, that tiie bufineffe beini; rcfumed in the year 1606. and
a Commilpon p/.uued 10 certain Noblemen and Merchants to advance the work ; they fell in hand, by the
Counlel and iiicourai;ement of Captain Stt.iih, with the building of James Ttwn f having firft fortified
Cape Htnrj) in winch I own he fixed a Co/o//; of 1 00 men- Ihele being almoftconfumed by famine and
other milcncs , were the next year recruited with no more brought by Captain N ewpm -.hwi a lire
having calii.illyton'iimed their Houfes , cncc again diftou. aged them. But tiie rioufes being reedified,
and a Chuitli added to the Houfes, by the induftry of iVwi(/j their Governour . the Colony began to
(] lurifti , and to intrealir in reputation amongft the Sava{\es : efpicially having made fas they believed^
a friend of /'..■»'/'.«,(«. In the year 1 009. the Lord Delaty.tre was appointed Governour, and Smith
commanded to return ; who left here 490 perfons , (and ot them :ioo expert Sould^ers) 3 Ships. 7 Boats,
24 ['scii Guns, 30J Muskets , with Visuals and Ammunition neceffary ; and 39 of their /Kero-
iincts, or Petit-Kiiu'.s Iribiitai ies, and (^ontributionerstothe/i'w^/iyj. Sw T horn at G nt c s AndLSiW Gear (e
Siimnxrs , lent thither Willi y lliips and 500 men, loft a great part of their numbers in the l":of/*fr-
witiini.: t!ie rcif not well.itcording with the MPlantaiitn , were at the poini of returning home,
when hai'pily tlie Lord De la li'.irr arrwcd with three fliips more , /f««« 1610. But falling into a dclpc-
r.ite 111 k!i^ilj, and come home to /:"«i»/.i«.i. he recommended the elLite of the r>:oJijh there to Sir'Z/jo-
mat D.iU' , wliofiirnirtiedthciri with Men,('jiticl, and o:her ncccflliries: after wivoiii came SwJkmaf
Gatii with 5C0 men , and lome heads of Cattel And then tlieCioverninent hereof being conterred
on Hi K'y Hai ie oi' SoHih.impion , the .iflf.ii: s lie 1 >. hei-an to Celt! ■ in a proljierous way : when uncxpeded-
ly in t '.e year i ')i 1 . the .U/va:]r.t I.Jling 011 tJ.Kin ( leanng no (ucli trearhetie j killed 340 of their men ;

Y y y y .^ and

io:s<>

1,1

i'tl

•J '
i

iD3(

VIRGINIA.

Bermuda z.

and had alfo then furprized 7'*'"" ^'"'''' • ifoneof the J'rffrf^w.who h;id received tlit Cliriflutn faith,
had not difcovcred their intention. Sinccthat, recovered of that blow, it v.cnc h.i',ipily *orw!!ids :aiid
might by this time hiive been raifed to fotne power and greatnefle, if the En^UJ^jh^ div.nn.g on fome
by- Plantations, and by imploying indigene and neceflitous perfons in fo rreac a wuili, hiid not difcou-
raced the dffign. l^or certainly one might fay of this r/oMMr/M, as the J'o>//«rr doth ut'tlu- Cimp of
D4wWin the time of .SW, thai few . jrnone were fent unto it ("except the princi(alsj but (nch as »•<•«■
in <irfr<jrc or i^^f, or foroe way, or other <i/co»ff«ff</: men never hkely lo advance and puriiiea bufi-
nefle o> luch publick inttre^e. Commendable howfocver in this particular , (though perhaps that com-
mendation do belong to their Governoursj that being here.they kept themfclvesconlhntly to thofe
Formt oftfiirjhif which were eftablilh'd and obferved in the Cliurth of England.

As for the Nativts of the wholf , they were divided (as was faid^ into feveral Tribes, every Tribe un-
der the command of their feveral Chiefs : which Chtefs, though many in number, and of little po\ver,kn£\v
welt enough how to keep their J'r4tr unto their Subjeds , and to (hew it alfo unco Ih angers. For vhon
Ftwhdtari was plcafed to give audienceunt« Captain Newport . and the reft of the l-.ti^JiJh lent fumi
Smith, they found him on a Bed of Mats, his PiUuw of Leather imbroidered with white Uds and Fcai I,
attired with a Robe of skins like an Irijh Mantle : at bis head and feet an handlom ) our>g woman; on eaih
fide of the room twenty others , with their necks and (houldcrs painted AV^, and about ttieir Necks a
great Chain of Beads ; his principal men fitting before them in like manner. Yet notwitlirtanding this
great State, (and great it was indeed for fuch petit Princes) he and the reft became lb fubjcA lo thf Eng-
iifi.thit in Smiths time they did not onely pay their T'W^wffx , or Contributions , but at his omma d
would fend their Slaves & SubjeAs to JamesTowH, to receive corredion for wrongs done to '.he Cc'onj.
And it is probable enough that thofe ol'Ntw England, being the greater and more powerluil Pl.ini atiun
(as followed with theftronrtr ^al , and carried on by the united purfes of a prevalent Fafl-i^n) w re of
like influence alfo amonglfthe Natives, though I findc it notcxpreflcd in fo m.my particulars.

4. The Iflei oiBERMVDAZ, many in number (Tome fay 400 at theleaft J art fituate dirtdly
Eaft from Virginia, from which they are diftant ^00 Englijh miles ; 3 300 of the fame miles from the Citie
oi London- So called from Jthn Bermuddt. a Spaniard, by Hhum firft difcovercd. Called atfo tiie Stim-
mer-JJUnds, from the fliipwrack of Sir George Summers upon that Coaft ; fo much delighted with the fad-
neffe ol the mifadventure, that he endeavoured what he could to fettle a Plantation in it.

That of more fame and greatneflie than all the reft,to ithith the name is now moft properly afcribed, it
fituate in the Latitnde of 32. & 30 minutes. Well ftored, when firft difcovercd.with plenty oi Hogs, di-
vers fruits, Mulberries, P^/wirt/, Cedars j as alfo of Silk, worms, ?<■(»// and ^w^fr, and fuch nih Com-
modities : of Fowl fo infinite an abundance, that our men took a thoufand of one fort, as big as a Pigeon,
within two.or three hours. The Aire hereof very found and healthy, found by experience (che bell Argu.
tncnt in fuch a point) to be agreeable to the body of an Engliflj man ; yet terribly expofed to 1 empefts of
RaiH, Thunder, and Lightning. For which, and for the many (hipwracks happening on the Coafts there-
of , and want of other Inhabitants to be faid to own it ; the Marriners have pleafed to call it the Ijland «/
Devils. The foyi affirmed Co be as fertile as any ; well watered, plentifull ia Maiv, of which they have
two Harveftf yearly : that which is fowed in March, being cut in Julj \ and that which is fowed ia Ah-
gmft, being mowed in Decemier. No vencmous Creature to be found in all the Ifland.or will live,broughc
nithcr. And befidesthcilc Commodities, of fofafe a being, fo fenced about with Rocks and llets, that
withonc knowledge of the paflages, a Boat often Tuns cannot be brought into the Hm(» ; yet with fuch
knowledge, there is enterance for the greateft ftiipi. The Englijh have fince added to thcfe ftren{;ths of
nature, fuch additional helps, by Block-hottfci,Fortsand Bulwarks in convenient places.as may give it the
title of Impregnable.

It was firft difcovered Cbut rather atiidently than upon deflgnj by fokn BerniHiUi. , a Spaniard,
about the year 1 522. and thereupon a Preptfition made in the Council of Spain, for fetling a Ptantatitn
in it -, at a place not to be avoided by the Spanifl} Fleets, m their return from the Bay of Mexico , by the
Screitsor^rf/Mmt. Negleded notwithftanding, till the like accidental coming of Sir George Summers,
tent to Virginia with fome Companies of Englijh by the Lord De la fyare. An. 1 609. Wtio being Oiip-
wracked on this Coaft, had the opportunity to furvcy the Ifland ; which he fo liked, that he endeavoured
a F/(i»Mtic» in it, at his coming home. An. 161 2. the firft Co/onj was fent over under Richard More,
who in three years ere&ed eight, or nine Fortt ia convenient placet , which he planted with Ordinance.
An.i6\6. a new fappiy is fent over under Cap: ain OawV/T/wirr , who applied themfelves to fowing
Corn, letting of Trees brought thither from other parts of ./^mnr^, and planting that gainfull Weed

Ttbacct. An. 1 619. the bufinefTe it taken more to heart , and made n matter ol the i'w^/iVit< rnany great
Lords and men of Honour being interefTed in it : Captain Bmler fent thither with 500 men, the i fie divi-
ded into Tribes, or Cantreds, to each Tribe a Brrrough ; the whole reduced to a fctled Government both
in Chnrch and State, according to the Law of England. After this, all things fo fuccceded , tiiat in the
yeari623. here were faid to be three thoufand Englijh,tct\ Forts, and in thofe Forts fifty pieces ofOr-
dinancc ; tlieir numbers fiace increafing dayly , both by Children born within the Ilhnd , and fupplies
fcom England.

O F

lO^I

O F

FLORIDA.

'.OR ID A if bounded on the North-Eaft, with r<>fi«V»s on the Eaft.with A/ure del
Noort ; on the South, and feme part of the Weft, with the Gulf of Mexico ; on the u(> of

the Weft, with part of Nerv Gallicia , and feme Countreys hitherto not difcovcred. Ex-
tended from the Rivcf oiPdImes in the 25'''. degree oi Latitude, to RitdtSecco in the Si^th.
which evidently fpeaketh it tor a Countrey of large dimenfinns.
It was firft difcovered by the Engli/h under the condud oiScbaftian Cabot , Anno 1 497. afterwards
better fearchcd into by John ek I'otue , a Spam^rd , who took poireftion of it in the n ii.c ot that Kmir,
jlntio 1 527. «nd by him called Fi»rid* , t;ich«;i bicaufe he landed there upon Pfj/w-Sunday , which the
Spaniards call Fafcuadi Floret , or Pa/thaflorida; orelfe quia Florida erat Regio, by resion of tl.at frelh
verdure and flourilhing eftate in which he found it. But by the Nativei it it laid to b« called faquafa.

I his Countrey lying Parallel to Caftile in Spain , is faid to be of the fame temper both for Aire and
Soyi.butthatitisabundantly morefruitfull: tiiehi: itolthe grourd not being here worn out by con-
tinual Tillage, as perhaps it may be in the other, loi here they have j^featabuiiJance of -A/,^;'w fthtna-
rural bread-Corn of theCountrey^ which they lowe twice a j tar, t/t Af>irrb n^ lune a.ui reap in the
third monctb after, laying it is fome publick Barns, and thence tlidnbiite it to the nccefiuies cf partic. 1 ;v
perfons. Weil ftored with feveral forts of Fiuit, as Mulberries, ChtTries, chefnuts, drapes and Pii.ms
of both excellent tafte and colour : Bcafts wilde, and tame, of ail kindc-. which theft- Coun 1 e^ s yi> id ; it-.a.
of like forts of Fowl. The Woods and Fonefts full of the largoii Okcs , and the lofntll C tdjr? ; fo.ne
Cyprefle-Tiees, and Bays, of a large proportion i with great plenty of that Wood w'lith :.'ie nhibitai.-s
call Pavame, and the French x\3mt Safl'afroi , the bark whereof is Medicinal a^ain(f fonu- I 'leaiis a'd
another Tree which we call £/f«w(*, affirmed to bc,a Soveraign & prtlent Remedy frnlK />-f« /lU^u
cafe It is alio faid to be enriched with fome Mines of Gold, and Silver ; negleded by h Natives <. 1 chc
coming of the Spaniards, and French, put a price upon them : and to hava in it Emeralds 01 .v ci ' w »» ' 1
and btauty, with many 7'4r^«o»yf/ and Fearls. Others report that all the Gold and mUc. wi.idi tiny
have amongft them, came from Ibme (hips which had been wracked upon thofe Coafts : coi;ti'..r\ » li i«.
UBtoitis faid by the iV<tnVrj, that in the Hills which they call ^;)4/4rr*, there are found {^rct V^n- dfa
rcddidi Metal , which the /rfwc/i concluded to be Gold , though they wanted time and opput tun cy 10
(catch into tlKm.

The people are of an Olive colour, great ftature, and well proportioned ; naked, except their Privities,
which they hide with ihc skins ofStags: their arms and knees ftained with divers piintings ,not c>.> be
waftied off ; their hair black, and hanging down as low as their thighs. Cunning they be, and excellent
in the Arts of diflimulation. So ftomackfull,th8t they do naturally love War and Revenee.infomuch rhac
they are continually in War with one, or other. They are crafty alfo and very intelligent , as apprarerh
by the anfwer they gave to FerMnande Soto, a Spaniard, who was here among tl.> m, An.i 594. For when
lie went to perfwade the people that he was the Ion of God, and came to teach thorn rhcfaw : \or fo,
veplytili Floridan,(ot God never iadibee to kill and flay, aniworl^aU kinde of mijchiej /f^airijl ks. The
Women when their Husbands are dead , ufe to cut off their hair clofe to their eais , and if.i' it on
his Sepulchre i and cinnot marry again, till their hair be grown long enough to cover their fhuulders.
Hcrmofhroditet are here alio in great plenty , whom they ufe as beafts to carry their iugf^agi? , and put
them to all kinde of drudgery. They have all a groile belief of the Souls immortality , but arc otherwife
Idolaters.

Mountains this Countrey hath not maay, as being generally plain, and level; the chiefeff, thofe called
>f;<«/4ff» before mentioned, fuppofed by the Inhabitants to be rich in Mines of Gold. R vers of moft
note. I . Rio Secco. 2. Ri* Grande. 3 . Semvahi > the two firft named fo by the Spaniards, and the laft
by the Natives. 4. Garunna. 5. Ligeit. 6. Axuna. 7. Sesjuana, and 8. Charente, fo called by the French,
accordingtothenamesof the beft Rivers in /Vrtwrr; both /Vff>c<) and Spaniards having ftverally and
fucceflivTiy the pofTeflion it. Here are alfo 9. A'»« de Floret, or the l^iver cf Flowers i 10 Rio dc Ncives,
ortheRiverof.S'«»»i>;a«d 11. Riode SpiritoSanto, W\.\\tK\'ictoi tht HoljChefi; all of them falling
into the Bay of Afcxico. A particular dcfcription ofthefe Rivers , their rife,courfe, and grcatncflTc, I
finde not in any of my Authors. Onely Mercator telleth us of a twelfth River, called Pt rte Rw.le , rcc-
k oncd the chiefcrt of this Countrey, the mouth whereof is tliree milts broad '■< where it opcnech inr.o the
Sea betwixt two Promontories, tht one towards tl>e Weft, and the other pointing to the North. Some
of thefe Rivers arc affirmed to be haunted with Crc«(i/7fx, a Creatyre dangerous alike both by Land
and Water.

Ihe Countrey not fo well difcovered and planted hitherto , as to be divided into Provinces, iscom-
uioniy diltribiitcd into feveral Tribes ; .is w crc all Nations of the World at their tit ft Dijcoverj. Tlie
praifiptl of theft ihcy rckon the ^ue: ei:es, Aiarianes,C\w>i^adi,Camoni, Avav,i)-e{,ftnd Aialicones,
the Sujul.'s. <9/.'f(;;irf, .iild other names not ufoal untousof ifwrc^f ; thouj'h thefcmoie paffjble than
many whic'i h iv.' tmne before : mollified pcriiaps by tlie Frrnrl\ and Sp,tt,i.:rds, and not pi cfented to us
in till:;!, naturnl niii'.hncfli; ; all p,()verncd by their raracen/Ji or feveral C'/;j(^f,and tiiofe ;'.t de,-c!Iy FciiJt,
tnd continiKil'Wirs with one another. Some have » Jvcntured on the nanus of p;>rticiilar Provinces , as

> V y y .- y.inm*,

T
1)

10^2

FLO R I D A.

p
■.i--

I'Anuci Az.tnarct, Ahitriimfia, JoguauA, yfpalchia, Aitthia, S/imovia , Co//!! ; but th:v ac(]i!.'.int us nei-
thcr with tlieii' lite nor bounds : except it be that Parmca lycth on the borders of f/;.f/).i>,/.i A' tw , be-
yond the l.irce and fpacious Bay of theHo/;(7^(p/?iiindC<»/wne.u- theC;ape,cnlliu Cape ,-,: I'hriJ.t.
Others diftinguifti it by the names of the fevetal Ruitelets ; which varying; with the ciianj'.c oftlic pcrlon,
makes that divifion to be Tery variable and uncertain alfo. But it is generally a}.'rced that the I'emnftila,
which pointeth on the Hie of C»*.i , liath the name of Tcgcfta, or TlorhU fpecially fo called ; the name of
Florida being firif given by fohn Ponce unto this part onely , thongh afterwards communicated unto all
rlie reft of thisCountrey. A Dcmj-ljland ffretching in length from the South to the Nortii, too leagues ;
in breadth where broaded 30 leagues, and in fomc places 20 onely. Well known by the Cape of Mur-
tyriy looking into the Ifle of C»^<t, the River of the Holy Ghof}< and three goodly Bays ; the chief whereof,
that entjtuled to S. fofiph, all opening into the Gulf of Mexico, or the Bay of New SpMn. I he whole en-
vironed about,fave where it is joyned unto the Co«/;w»f ,\vith Bars of Sands, and (tattered I llands.whith
firrve unto it as the tiit-rvorkt to fbme notable FortrefTe.

Chief Towns hereof, i . S.Helent, on, or near a Promontory, h named, where t'lis Countrey border-
eth on Virginia : once fortified and poffefTed by the Spaniard , but not long (incc abandoned. 2. Fort dt
Charles, Arx Carolina in the Latine , builtby the /Vcw/juponthefJanks ofthe Kivcryl/.tt!/; and f(*
called in honour of CW/« the ninth , in whofe time the conqueft of thisCouitrey was uiideirtaken :
but ruined by the J^iiwiW in the War between them, 3. Port Royal, a well frequented Haven , on the
mouth of the River of that name > but whether there be any Town now remaining, I am not able to fay.
More in the Land ( for thefe lie all upon the Borders towards Virginia') Apaklv luppofed to be a place of
great confideration , inregardof the opinion which washad of thewealth thereof iCuat found to be
a fmall Town, of but 40 Cottages : ) and therefore firft attempted and took in by the Spaniard, in their
jnvafion of this Countrey under Pamphilw oi'Narvae^, An. 1 5 a8. recovered by the Natives after h:s
departure. 5, //«f<f, an open Burrough,ninedayes journey from /Y/><r/f/;f, where the Salvages gave ilie
Spaniards a (harp encounter, and flew many of them ; but being vanquilhed at the lalf, they forlbok the
Town, of it fcif not tenable. 6. ocalis, an unwalled Town, but corvTuting of 600 Sheds ffor I dare hard-
ly call th:m HoufesJ the chief of the Kingdom oiAcuera. 7. Ofachik, the chief Seat of the King lb called^
and S VitacHchHs,n fiurrough of 2co Cottages, the principal of the Kingdom of Vitacuthtu, both taken
by the Spaniards at the fame time alfo. 9. S.Matthews , on the Eaftern fliore of the Demi-Jftand above
mentioned, poffeffed and fortified by the Spaniard. 10. S.AuguJlines on the fame fliore, but more South
than the other ; fltuiite at the mouth of a fmall River fo named, fortified by the Spaniard with many a
llrongCafile: but for all that taken by Sir /"MwaDrd/^?, An. 1485. there bsiiig found in the Fort of
S. ?«/;», in which the flrength of the Town confifted, 1 8 braffe pieces, and 20C00 Fhrents in ready mo-
ney, for the pay of the Garrifon. Repaired afterwards more ftrongly thin ever Ibrnierly. Tiie Spaniards
liavc alfo Garrifons in two other places of this Countrey, t/?,. S./'i/A'p, andS. ^.ijojbut 1 cannot lay di-
ninAly in what part they are.

The Government of this Countrey , is of one kinde onely, though managed by feveral perfons : the
Supream power refiding in the Chiefs of their feveral Tribes ; at fuch continual enmity with one another,
that they very feldom joyn together in any Counfels, wherein the publick isconcerncd. So that the Spa-
niards may affirm of the prefent Floridans , as the Romans did of the ancient Britans ; Ncc quicqu.-.m ad-
verftu validijjimat gentes Mtilitu nohu fuit , quam (]Hod in commune mnconfulebant. Ihe notcommuni-
eating of their Counrels,haflned on their bondage. Yet in the Government of thefc Chiefs there was
fomewhat of the Parliamentary way ufed with us in Enrtpe. For as in ail matters of concernment, thofe
Chiefs advifed with their Council : fo il it were a bufinefte which concerned the pMhlick^, their Priefts and
others of moft note for gravity and wifdom , were admitted to the Confultaiicn Z,'jt being feverally
too weak for a flrong Invader , and never joyned together to defend themlelvcs.they made themfclves sn
cafie prey to the French and Spaniards. Et fit durst puguU p«j»rf^4»f ,univerfi vinccbantur i by truflmg to
their fingle forces they were all fubdued.For in the year 1512. John I'once a Native ot I.eon in S/)rf(»,fctting
I'ayl with three (hips from the Ifland of Porto Rico, on Paln.-junday fell on the Ponniula before deftribed;
& for that caufe,or from the flourifhing verdure of it.called it Florida:bnt did no more than kowre along
Open the CoaQs, and give new names to fuch of the I'romoniories and Rivers as he bad diiiovered, and
having onely a flight skirmifli with fome of the Salvages, returned back again. 1 he bufineire cii;ht years
after was again revived by Vt^f^ues de Ajllon » who fecting (Iiyl from ,the Haven of Plata, in Hiifianicla,
attained unto the North- Eafl partsof this Continent, bordering on Virginia , where he left nziiies unto
thePromontory ofS.Hf/^«, and the River of 7or«/(«« ; and having treacheroufly enflavcd fbme of the
iVrf/Jx/w (whom he had invited to a Feaft^ pi'epared for j'p/ji« ; where he obtained the Kings P.itent
for a new Plantation. But his perfidioufneflt; could not prol'per. Forintheyear 1524 coming with his
(hips upon this Coaft, one of them pcrifhed on the Rocks-, and 200 of his men '^eing killed at their
landing , he gave over the Enterprize : the Spaniards hitherto making no more ufe of thefe Diltoveries.
than wickedly to enrich tbemfelves by ftealing men , whom as wickedly they ibid for Slaves, Nor liad
the voyage of P<jwp/j(/»« ^piV(«w<ift,, Anno 15:8. any better end ; though undertaken with a j.and of
400 foot, and 80 horfe. For having took poflellion of the Countrey , in the name of his Sovcrai: n
Charles the fifth , finding fome hopes of great treatures to be h ;d at Apalche fdiftant above a moncths
journey from the place of his landing J he would needs march tliii her. In which aftion , though he got
that and fbme other Towns , yet he loft himfelf ; few of his nic.i rctmiiing laic into their Cooitey,
and they not knowing what became of their General Asfiuiticde, hue more famous was the entir-
priz-eot Hemandes a Soto, begun in the year 15 58. and conciir.icd till 154?. who with a little A:n:y
of 3 JO Horle.and 90 Foot, overran a great part of the Countrey , and brought many oftl:e/'iMr

Prii.cis

The Lucaios.

FLORIDA.

1033

"•y.

Princes under :hc command ofSpaw. Bat making one\y a Deprxdatorie War of it to cniirh himu'f^ ana
wade the Countrcy, without fctlmg any C'o/o»)', orbuildinnany hmtificationsin it to n a!.j sor! lus
f;ettini;5 < the AAion ended with his hfc .which he loft by a Icavei : the remnant of his Snuldin ,vv!i')tn
the W'^r had fpaicd, under the condud of Litdovku Mujwjo di Alvarxik , recovering AfcxUo not with-
out ^rcat difficulties.

And (0 the Sfani4rdj leave the Staiie , and the frettch enter ; lent on this voyaiTc by Gasfm Coligni
Admiral of f><i««. Anno 1562. under tbeconiiudot/f»^»»«/f; who failinj; on that pare of the Conti-
nent, which lyeth on the Eaft-flde of the PeuinfuLi siavc the tirlf Proraontory,which he touched ar, the
name of Cift I-'rancon : and after running Northward alonji; that Coalt , new.naii;ed the lliversihcre-
ofbythenamesoftheSfw^,theZ,oi>r, the Sem»ie,tht>GarH>id , and others of moft note in his own
Counirey. Coming as far North as the j;reatKiver of PortoRojai, he there bi}ilt a linle FortiefTe,
which he called Fon Claries , where he left 26 of bis men to keep poflcflion , and 1 eturned for France :
his Souldiers following no! long after , aswell as they could ; dertitatc of fupplies from home , anJ not
able with fo fmall a number to command them there. The Adion 1 e-inlorced about two years after un-
der the condud of Landonier , who had accompanied RihMtlt in the former voyage : by whom foma
further progrefle was made in this undertaking , and a little lown built on the banks of the Kivtr Maio,
C fo called by i?(7'»««/f, becaufe in that moneth difcovered byhimj which henaraed CharLs-I-ot , Arx
Carolina in the Z,<Tf;w. 5ut a mutiny hapning amongffhis mai.nr.dfomecompliints madeof him in
the Court of Fr.ince ; be was called home , and Rikiult ft': t again to purfue the cnti rpri/.e : Who cntri.ig
on his charge in Attgufi^t^n. 1 565. was prelently fet on by the Sp.v;hirjs,b,iib by Sea and Land \ his fhips
foi ted violently on ttie Hocks, the nc* Fown facktd ,tbeCo/o»f put unco the fword . viry few efcap>ng i
]{iki:i/i himfclf murdered in colJ bloud b, t!ie lincmy.afcer faith u iven Ivim for his liil- • w.if tlpji^ht
that above Coo French were Gain in this aftion. So ended the F>e>irh hopes in F/nili, the i mg being
liien preparing for a new Civil Wa; ,and lu;ith to engage liimfelf a;; linlf the .y/!.w;.v;i,ti!: r" .: year 10:7.
when at the charge of /J£iw«iVwG»r_(;/w a private perfon, out of .wi honcif zeal to the lio.ioiir 0!' '■■■^
C.ountrey, and to cry (|uittance with the Sp.tniivds lor their trtaclierous cruelty . ic r vivca <.o -m. And
thoui'h he' found the 'Spaniards, after the de teat of Rih.iMlt, had repaired and fort.tievi Arx CvUina . ai,d
railed two Caftles more on the banks of the A/rfx-i which they had furniflied widi linn l'i.\cs .■■, i-ey
took ftom the French, and (Jarrilbned with 400 Soldiers : Yd givin^; a coin .'.gious onfet.by the aid .^ r^ »
.Sd/:'./'i J, f to whom the name and neighbouriiood of the ^p.imards was exceeding odious) he forced tl.i .11
all, deukolifhed the works, and hanged all fuch of the Souldiers as the fword had Ipard , and fo reti.rntd
into I r>wce ; where in ftead of honour and reward for fo great a fervice, he was in danger of loling both
his life and fortunes, compelled to lurk amongfl his fi'iends till the times werethangecl. The >p.ii.iardt
after this, to keep fomekinde of pofTcflion, ihoagb not finding it in riches anfwerable to tiitir greedy
dtfires, fortified S.Afatthem, and S-AHgiiliincs, on the Eaft4ide of the Dcmy-JpnH, with the CMes of
S.i'/j)7i|>, and S./.t^o, in other parts of the (Jountrcy towjrds the North-Haft : thinking hinifelf fo ftrong
iti'tlK (j'ulf of yl/f.viVo, that no forrcin forces dare appear on that fide of the Countrey. So that it lecms
he playes the part oii-^fips Dog in the Manger, neither refolved to plant dierc hirafelf , not willing that
any others (hould.

Having thus taken a furvcyof themainLandoff/oWi/.letus nexi takea vieivof fuch Iflands, as lie
dilperfed up and down in the Seas adjoymng i called by one general name LVC A lOS, or LV-
C AIty£ I NSZ> Li'-t: • many in number, bat reducible to thefe three heads. 1. 1'heTortitg.is,
2. [heMartjres, & 3.TheZ»f««wfpecially lo called.

1. TH F TO RTVG AS arefeven.oreightlittleidinds, lying on an heap at the Soutliweft
point of the Veni^HLt, called the Cape of FioriJ.i, in the height of 25 Degrees > diftant from the Port of
Havana in the Hie ■." Cuba { oppoiite unto whith they lie) about fix leagues. Well known among the
saylers, becaufe much avoide'd i or rather avoided becaufe known ; tlic danger of their company m.iking
their further acquatfluinte fhunned.

2. THE MART7 RES, called alfo the C^iw, are three great Rocks lather than Iflands, co-
vcredwith awhitefind,andfullofbufhes;themiddlemoftofche three the greateft : fituateoveragainft
the South- fiaff Piotnontory ofthefaid /'(«;»/«/>', called from hence Cf^fM^ic/w Martjres, ortheCape
ci' Afartyrs. I^enominated thus by fchn Ponce the Spaniard, in his firrt difcovery of this Countrey , be-
laufe they fecmed afar off to have fome rellmblance to men impaled upon Stakes, as many of the Mar.
»v>y were in the PWwiftVir times. Infamous for the many fiiipwr^cks which have fince there hapned ;
b'K of gceat obfcrvation amongff Seafaring men, becaule they know by leaving thele Rocks, or Ifbnds
on the left hand of them, that they are already entred in the Streits.

;. THELVCAIO^ Ipccially fo called, lie dilperfed on the Eaft of the Ver.infuLi', many in
number, and fo called from Z,«£v<('o«f<j«f, the greareft and moft Northern of them, lituatein the 27 de-
prce of i,.i»)(«(/f ;ofmore length than breadth, but hitherto k«own by name onclj-. Of greater note,
tiioui'h not fo big, is that called 2. ^.i/ww.?, in the middle way betwixt £«MowM^» and the Veni-nful.t ; in
Icngtli 1 3 leagues, and eiglit in breadth ; memorable for giving name to the violent current interpofing
betwixt it and the Dcmjifland , callcdthe Streits o( Bahama : yet not fo flreir but that they are lO miles
in breadth, though offofordblc a Courfe, that many times neither winde nor Oarscan prevail againll
it. 5 . Gtianahani, tin: moft fanous of all thefe llhnds, becaufe the fitii that was diftovereJ by Columbus,
being then almort out of bote of proceeding further ; who thereupon caiikd it to be tailed S. Saviours .-
wellfliaded at that time with Trees , full of frcni Springs , and very plentifull c( Gotten i now over-
crown with flirubs, and bufhes. 4. G,4itnima , h^Cthimbtis when firlf difcovered, called S. J/.tnVi de
0«r;r^?. ; begirc'abou: with Rocks and ijuick fands , butotherwifeof aplefantaiid fruitfullfoyi, full

o»

1034

FLORIDA.

i A

ut dvlicace Springs. Ocberi the .■ are to the number of 24. or thereabouci, wbofe names occur in many
of our larger Maps : but being vre findc nothing of theu but their very names, I fliall not trouble my fdf
wich ths NomrHc/aMtre.

Ot ail m general it is faid that they obeyed their King fo Aridly (for a King they had J that if he
commanded them to leap down from a hii^h Rock , they performed the fame ; though he gave no rea-
fon but his Will. I'btfymenoffo perfeA beauty , that many of the bordering Nations forrook tiieii!'
own Councreys, to enjoy their Zs:/»: their (hape and beauty the more dircernable, in regard not fufi
feredto wear any thing till their ^Nr^itrMM i nor after that but nets of Cotton, filled with Leaves of
Herbs. Uut now, and long (ince, there are neither men, nor women, to ibe found in any of them : the
fieople being long fince wafted by the SfanUrds in the Mines of Cuba and Hiffanio/a ; or confumed
by Famine and Difeafes, or other^rife made away in Prifons , and by feveral Torments ; to the number
oi a Million and 200000. as fome have told us. And fo wepafle unto the other lidc ofthofe Nor-
thern Countrey si oppofice to iVovtFr^wMj.fiV^iMM, and the main Land of/VorxJ^i: that when we
fall into the Countreys now poflefled by the Spamard , we mav not wander out of them till this work be
tiniftied ; except it be to take a progrcfle iiKO Iboe of the lllands , which cannot otberwife be vHitcd buc
by fuch a ftan.

J035

O F

C A L I F O R M I A.

ALIFO R'MI A in the lat-ge and general acception of it , containeth ail thofe Province:
of iifrATu-iiM, which lie on the Weft- fide of that Northern Pem»fMia,be^ond NovaGallt-
CM, and JVfir.rf4M: though in the OriAer, limiced to that Province onely which lictli on
the other fide of a long and fpacioui Gulf , called Afer Vemigtit, and from hence the Bay
of Catiformia. But taking it in the largeft fenfc, it hath on the' Weft New Spaiu, and New
CnUiciM, and fo unto thofe undifcovered pares which lie furtheft North, to the Srreict o( Anian. So wit-
neflcih John de lAiet,V\\>.6. cap. Ii, C ALIFORM 1 A cHmmuniter dicitur quicqiiid terrarum Novae
Hifpanix atque Galiiciae adOccidextem objieimr, ad extremts Ameticx SeptentrioMalis iertmnos,& F return
^Hodvitlgo Anitnvocant. Limited in the ftrifterfcnfe and acception ofit,toan Ifland Caiitisnowge-
nerally conceived to be j extended in a Ml length from North to South, on the Weft ^ \o(. So that for
onr more regular proceeding in the Chorographie and Story of it , we muft divide it into the Continfnt,
and the Ifland : the Continent fuboivided into the two large Provinces of i . Quivira, ana z. CiMa ; the
inand into 3 . Culiformia fpecially fo called, and 4. Ntva Albion.

And firft , the Continent of this part which we call CaiiftrmU , hath on the Eaft fome parts of Nova
Csllicid V and befidcf that, thofe vafl and undifcovered Countreys, which lie on the Weft-fide of Canada
«nd Virg'nitt , on theoppoflte fliore : bounded on the North with the unknown parts of this Mexkana ;
on the Northtweft, with the Streitsof/fnM»,ifruihStrcits there be; on the Weft, with the Sea inter-
pofing betwixt it and the Iftand, called Mer Vermiglio .and or the South, ojid South- weft, with the reft
ofNitva Galiicia, from which parted by a great River called Rio dtJ Noort. A River ;vhich rsftng in the
40. degree of Northern Latitude, firft partech Tignet:. a Province of ^ivira, from that of New Mext-
CO, one of the Provinces of NovaGalUcis ; and after a long courfe falleth into the Sea, called A/er Vermi-
llio, above Cinolon, another of the Provinces of chat Divifion. Divided as before was faid , into the two
great Provinces of i . ^ivira, and 2. Cibola,

t. ^JJ IVIR if, taking up the mofl Northern parts ofthisHde of yfmmM, is faid to be very plain
and level; of few Trees, not many hoQfes , nor much ftored of people ; quite deftitute of fruits and Corn,
and yielding nothing for mans life but die flefh of beafts.which they eat raw,and fwallow down in great
bits without any chewing. The men apparelled in liuls-skins.from the bead to the feet ; the women .though
in a cold Countrcy ,witn no other garment than their hair, which they wear fo long, that it ferveth them
in fteadofa vail to hide their ^d^rAfMcjir'' They live in Hoards and companies, like the Hoards of the
Tartars ; not having any certain dwellings (except fomc chief men) but remove from one place to an-
other , like the ancient Nomades. Ncer Neighbours unto Tartarj , from whence Cnot being much di-
ftant from itj it is fuppofed that the Inhabitants firft came; and from hence by degrees peopled all
America.

The Councrey being full of herbage, breeds great ftore ofCattet ; differing not much in bigncffe from
thofe of Europe , but that they have an high bunch betwixt their (houldtrs ; briftled upon the back like
Bores,with fomewhat which refembleth the mane in Horfes,and the beard in Goats ; their legs flioi.'t,and
clad with fetlocks, their horns (hort.but (harp ; the whole Beaft of an afped fo horrid.thac an Horfe will
not venture near them , till well acquainted. Yet in thefe Beafts lie all their Kiches ; thcfe being to this
people, as we fay with us of our ^/f to Drunkards, meat , drink, and cloth, and more too- For the
Hides yield theiii Houfes, or at leaft the covering of them \ their bones, bodkins > their hair , thread > theic
iinews, ropes; their horns, maws, and bladders, vefTelsi their dung, fire > their Calvcskins , budgets to
draw and keep water i their bloud, drink > and their flefli ,meat. 1 here is thought to be fome traffick
from C/;i«<«,orC<»/%, hither. For when r^/^ww <i« Cflro»4</o conquered it, he faw in the further Sea
certain (hips, not ofcommoR making, which feemed to be well laden, and did bear in their prows the
iignre of /'r/>r4»/; which could not be conjeduredto come from any Countrey but one of thefe v^o.
I know fome place this Countrey more within the Land : and others are fo far from letting it look towards
any part of !he Sea, that they have laid it clofe unto the back of K«>£i»M. For my part, I have laid ic
along the Coafts, upon good authority ^ though I deny not but that fome parts hereof may be wore re>
mote. Or elfe to reconcile the difference, it may thus be ended < that the maritime parts being known by
othernames,the/»/(iW/ might retain more fpecially the name of Huivira-, as we have fi:en in many
other Countreys before defcribed.

And this I am the rather inclined to think, becaufc I finde mention ,of three Provinces on the North of
Cibola, but in tbetway unto ^ivmi , the one called Seio, the other called Cir«(V,and the third Tigne^ ■
which I look upon as the 7»<irir(W parts of the fame one Countrey, but better peopled and frequented
then the MW^ are, becaufe lying in cheway oftraflick. The principal Towns of which Provinces.
I Acm,OTAc$tco,i{aa\\Tovin,batinaKe in a ftrong and defenflble place i about which groweth
fome ftore of Cotton, which from the place the Natives call by the name of Acuco. z- Tignez , on the
banks ofa River fo called 'inhabited by a ftout and couragious people, who being refolvednot to fall
alive into the bands of the Spaniards , when befteged by VafqHcs de Coronado , after they bad held out
tbove fix weeks, hid all iheii houfhold-ftufTe and treafure in an heap tojictlier , whi< h they fee on fire ;

7. 7. 7. 7 Jind

1056

C A L I F O a M I A.

Cibola*

and taking their Wives and Children into the midrt ol their ranks, made a dclpciMte Snlly on the Hncmy.
Arsfolutionworthf of a better fortune, moft Ot them biini; lliin in thj fii'ht, .ind the rcll trod under
the Horfes feet, or drowned in parting over the Wvtr. Nti would not thole few uhicli were ictt t'.ivc up
the Town, till it was fired about their ears, and no longer tenable : tlie SpMii-ird buying this virtory (iior.
withUandinf.thegrcatoddsof their Arms) with the lolfc of moH ol theit Horlits, the death or fevcnof
their men, and the woMinding of eighty, 5 . CtcMick^, a fmall Burmi^h, but tlie chicfof that l'rovincc,tbur
day*' J"^'^""-'y *''*"" ^'1?"^*^ •■ ^'^°"' ^^'"•"" '''^ whole way unto ^inM.fpccially (b called, being 90
miles, hath m it iiiAtier (Tone nor TVre, nor any land markj inffomtcli l« tift Sp«ni.ir,is were fain to make
bcaps of Coif eitiHgy to Jerve for thehr 'dffeflioA in their cominp back,

Thefii1fdrtcoveryofthi5Countreyi5tobi;atrribiJtcdtothcdiliip*ncto4'/f»/''»»i(> de M,Miioi..i, Vice-
roy of Mexico , ^^,'^to dcfiroas to pet wealtlj nnd honoin- b^' fdm: dtw Ailvrr.rtfrfs , imploycd in the dif-
covei-y ofthefe Nortly«rn pai t«,frier i^^^rco (A A'*/*. By himud^y a AV^ which he had for iiis
Guide, tlierc was fomc light ^otsen of CwoIh , the nc« l-YoviiWCt^tWS; but fbdifpuiWI in lyes , and
wrapt op in fiAions , that that light was little mircthan iirkniffe. Ytt by that gHmmtiine, Frannjco
7^rt/7«(je^>CowWo,intheyeari540. vndertook the bufineft » arMl fjped fo weH, that having made
his way tlirough CiM.t , he todkthe Town of T"*^*^*, ais wc httcd Jbelbif, and ]»<« his way opro to
ciuivira Moved to a further iouroey by the report of the J.i/vaJrt', ("who del^rtd to hafkn hrm mx
of their Countrey) telling him of tiic wealth of Tumrax, who ifigntd in the In4*nd part* ofJ^viyM j
a bearded man Cthofj of thisCountrey wearing none^ofa whkc'c<«w(iVxton, and «fte who in Im Chap-
pel worfliipped a Crfjfr, and the Queen of Heaven. On went tht Sfmtm-is towards (j^vira, and
Tourrd out the 7"df>»r<«.v, a poor naked Prince ;mafter of no more ffewUrc't*«#i '* 'brazen plate hatiping
■on his breift, and without any fuch fign of Chriflidmty as thty dil «tpeft So frtrftilMei of all tlwiir
hopes, anil having got nothing hot their labour for thek- pains , mA tti« hWioar «lf a new difcovery ;
with the loflc of miinv of their men, fliey returned to Mctico, An. 1 542. Some Tneys miide bold lolfay
behinde, but were all (lain by the people of ^«wn«, eicept «nely ^me i wbvi bbc Jobs meflcngcr waiJttt
to carry news of the murder -.Tne.SjrrfHwrrf^ n«v*r looking intothetecoMCountre^'s.wKerc nothing
tife waste be gotten but blows, and hunger.

2. CIBOLA hath on theNortb, ^'ruirn ; ohibe Sooth , ahd Sovth-Eaft parts Nm GMk^n,
from which divided by the River called Rio del Non , as before Was (hid • 4he Weft-fide of it wafticd with
the . 1 /> »• Virmi^Uo^ intcrpol'cd betwixt it and the Jfl.ind , or Califormia f]jccially fo called. By the N.i-
'tivcs It is called Zuni,

Tic aire hereof indifferently tempentte.irnot too muehfubj«dt>ih the Winter, to froftj and fnows.
The Countrey for the moft part level, rarely fwelled with Hills, biWrtjofc very Kocky, No Trees that
b.-ar them any fruit » few Trertat all.aeeptit bea WooJofU«d9rs , fromwhich abundantly fiippli«4
both with fewel and timber : plenty of /W**/^, and fmall white Pesfit, v/hich they make then bread of;
-jtrc.n ftorc of Venifon, buttheykill itonely for the skin ; fomc quaritities'of Sheep , known for Jijch by
their Fleeces onely, bit otherwifc as big each of them as an Horle, 01 On, lome of their Horns weighing
fifty pounds. Ot Lnns, Bears , and Tyge^5 fo great a number, that they have more^hcn enough for
thcmiclves, and could tvellfpare'then>to their Neighbours.

Thepeoplegenerally well limbed, and tall of ftaturc, ingenious in refpcAoffome other Salvages %
and though naked except their privities onely,orcovered onely with a Mantlc.yet thole Mantles wrfluglic
in divers colours: which, with fome quantity of Cotton which they have amongft tbcm (none of ii:
growing in theirCountreyj (hew them to be an induffrious Nation, and to maintain a courle of trade
\vith fome oftheir Neighbours. A further Argument of which is thofc fainted skins , which Chey have
from Cirwf^M;, or fome other Conntrey which lies towards the Ocean ^ my Authour telling that they
travel for them eight dayes journey towards the North : and probably «nough may be (oinc of thofe
Commodities, which the Inhabitants of thew^r/fiwp Provinces of ^ivira do receive from Cathay , or
Chitttt, with ivhich they are fuppofed to traffick, as before was laid. Like induflry is noted in the women
allb, one of which will grind and hnead more Maiie in a day, than the women of Mexico do in four.
In other thingsnot differiai; from the reft of the Salvages.

This Coontrey was firft made known to tbcSpamards , by the Tranis of Frier Afano Je Nifa , era-
ployed on new Difcoveries by Anuniode MendoiA , as before wa« (aid. Leaving CtHluicau , the moft
Northern Province ol Nova GalUcia, be overcame a tedious Drfirt four dayes journey long •, at the end
of which he met fbme people /who told him of a pleafant Countrey four dayes journey tunlier, unto
wbich he went. And haying at a place called Vacapa , he difpatchcd the Negn , whom he took with
him for his Goide, to fearch towards the North ; by whom lie was advertiled fitter four dayes abiencc,
that he had been informed of a large .and wealthy Province called CUoU,a. moncths journey thence:
wherein were feven great Cities under the Government of one Prince (Te, the houfes of which were built
of ftone, many ftoneshigh, the Lintels oftheir Doors adorned wiiU TnrtjHcifcs ; with many other
ftrange reports of their markets, multitodes, and riches. But neither the Irier nor the Ntgro had the
bap to fee it ; the iVf^ro being killed On the very borders , and the ^Ker fo terrified with th: news,
that hetboocbt it bstter to return , and fatisfiethi I icr Roy with (ome handforacFidion , than put
hiftileli upon the danger of a further journey. To ihacend be enlaij^ed and amplified thj Ktp'irts
which the Nf^^ro ftntliim; give to the Defartf in his way the name of the KingdoTis of To :..!c,
and A/,t>;ita ; afcribed iirto ihis laft a great Citic called Ahnt , once well irihabited, but ac tiat
t!n;c dedroycd by Wars ; to the other a more civil a;id wcllclotlipd people , than in rther plate?. In-
i1.irntd with which reports, /'.i/^wr/^^f Corttiaio undertook the aflion , but found the I ritr to be a Irier;

notliing

1'^

C A Li F b R M lAr

notbin(^ if moment true in all his Relations .- tlie Kingdom of M.ir,tu to be found ondy in the Friers
braiin j Toutc.ic ro be nothmg but a great Lake , en whofc Ranks liad once been many Coctauss , now
confumed by Warr Anil as lor the levcn Cities of lutli wealth and bi^ntfTc , he found them to'bt (e-
venpoor 5//m,v;;/;/;«Iiriiuatt within thecompafTc of four leaj^ucs, which mad.' up tliat fo fatuous
Kmgdoni w hit h ilii. /'» hr dreamt of. The bipgcft of them held about 50c Clottata-s \ tiie rcfl of them
nottibore hallchat number. One ofthcm, left he mit'ht be faid 10 return without doinj^ lomtihing , he
beficped , and took ; but found ii fuch an hot piece of fervice, that he was twice beaten down with rtoncs
as he Icsid tht Rampiers ; but havinj; uken It at tiiv.- lalt , he found in it great pltniy of Mm^^ to re-
frefh his Armv, ar.dc»uftdtbeTown('conliHin{;of:ioohoufes, orthereaboutO to be called Grana-
lia , for fbrne 1 efemblancc which it had to that c;itic in Spain. Such as have fince endeavoured the Difco-
very oi" thefe Norrli-weft parts, and fayled alon." the fliores hereof on Mir VcmigUo , have added iici c-
untothenamtsof fomepoincs.of l'roniontories:known inthcMjps by the name of n ii- St. C/.rn« ,
rot tor frcniTlte month , or influx of Rio dtl Not. Z. Las P/mm. 3. St MiihMl. 4. RiudeTtron,
5 . LaijHes ftr/Oro boi lii rinfi on Ouivira j and 6. Rij Coromdo , on the liafl of that.

Dct.wixt tilt'. Repion and Qjitvtra fpecially fo called, lieih a Conntrty, which the faid Vufcjiies names
Ttfcy/tn, memorable for the lamous River ot Httex von the Banks whereof for the fpr.te ot 20 leagues
Sttrd 15 l,urr«iich5we!i built.and furniftcd withStovcs, fifhchathnot in thispartoltlie Story out-
WeA the Frier) as in other cold hot more civil Countreys , againft the extremities of Wintci . 1 liis Rc-
gion ftretcliing feven dayes journey to the River of Ciaii^ue , 1 reckon to belong to tlic North-Haft
parts of C/^t/<». AsldoalfothefruitfolI'Valleyofv/wdytCoMtuw/.which they pafTtd 'in thcit way
hitlwr from CwHacan ; with the Town and Territory of Chichi/tic,i/,i, i\nd the Valley ol A'uejha Scnuo.
ra, or onr Laiiks Va/c , in the South parts of it : not knowing othcrwifc what TiovinvC to rcftrrc
rncm to.

Proceed wc now unto the If l.ind , the other general part of this Divifion , parted from CiM,: and
Nnv GMlniii, by a nariovv Sea called Ain I crmigliv ; and by fome the ColfofCatifwrnia , environed
on all othrr pnrt* by the main Ocean. Extended in a great length from the 22'''. degree of Northern
Latitude , to^^)C42'^ but the breadth not anfwerable. The mof> Northern point hereof , called C.iio
Shttice ., of •nhidi little memorable. The mofl Southern , called the Cape of S.LncAi , remarkable
lor the greert ptiw there taken from the Spaniards by C?ptain Cavcndifi , m his Circumnavigation
of the World, jlino 1587. Soppofedin former times to have been jovncd, in the North pans of
it , «bo^'c the Latitude of 27. to tin- reft of the Continent ; and lo dciirnbed in moff of our later
Maps, tillrhtyear 1626. and ale r tl at in the Chart , or Map of fohndcLaet, AnnoiOsj. which I
won^ at : himlelf affirming, that in miny of the old Maps it was maJe an Hland ; /;^.6. cap. 1 1. and
tfhatheliadfeen a fair Map in parchment , a very fair and ancient drau;;ht, ^a Califorroiara in in-

^ao\Afirl'trmiglio, toiind ■: tog ciV nsuowera.id narrower towards the North i till it feemed to
be no bij'gerrhan ibnic mighty Kiv.r ; but tli.-.c of llich a violent current, that no Uoat was able to pafTe
upwards with winde, or Oar , unltflehnled upivith Cords bj cne fttength of men. And taking it to
be a Rivfr, they gave it the name of A'io de BanaGHia; known by that name, and continued in the
opimon of being a River, till the year 1620. or thereabouts. At what time fome Adventurers beating
on thele Coafts, li:ll aa idently upon a ftiait but violent palfage , on the North hereof, which brought
them wiih a ffrong current into Vl/fr rcrw/j /<u : difcovcring by that Accident, tliat the wateisfalhng
into that Sea , was not a River, as to'm.rly had been fuppofed , but a violent breaking in of the Noi -
tl'.eni Ocean , by conltqueuce that th'S p,>rt of O/j/orww was not a Demi-llland,or /V;;/«/«/^ , but a
perie^ (Hand. And looKing on it as an llland,we have divided it into Nova Albion , and Crilijlrmia
iiiecially ib called.

1, And tiflf C.j/f/orw/rf fpecially fo called, containeth the Southern parts hereof , as far as to the
Latitude of 3S. where it bordti-eth on Nova Albion. Of which Countrey .though fo near to New Spain,
a.r\A NrefG.iHicia , and though difiovcrcd fo long fince, we yet know but little: the Spaniards ci-
tixr wanur.;' uienlornew /'/,^«/.(;i(-«^ , or finding fmallincouragements here to invite them 10 it. Fur-
nillied on the Sea coalh with great plenty both of Fifli and Fowl, which they findc in great Ifl.inds
of Weeds , floating on the Seas : and more within the Land , with a kindc of Ikaff haired like a Goat,
and with te.irs like a Cow, but otherwfe rcfcmbling Dier \ which they kill with their Dogs. Some
Mountains ill It faid to caff Fire Athes, which the J',w«m>-<^/ for that reafon call Cacofogo, The people
numerous , and thick let ; infomuch that on the Banks of the fuppofed River of Bo>ui Gui.i , were
numbred tliree and twen'y Nations, all of fcvcral Languages. In their perfons like the reflof the
Siilv.iiris ; but of different dreffes. Some of them painting their faces all over , fomc half way
oncly . other with painted J'izardsTefemhhnQ faces : hole's in their Noftrils, for their Pendants v the tips
of their Hares loaded , if not over-loaded, with the bones of Fiflies hanging at them. A girdle
about their wafte , to which ''vy fuffen a bunch of Feathers that hang down behuide them like a fail ;
the Women ufing tlie iike bunches before them alfo. Their chief God the Stin , (us that of Cibola
is the lyatfr) which they moftaffedionatclyWorfliip, astliecaufe of the increafe of their fruits and
plants. Jo\ned in commiliion with which God, thty were taught by ^A/rcw; a J"/).w(.//il to Worfliip a
w'ooddtii Crojfe (the more irrational IdoLitrj of the two^ which hecaufed to be ereftcd at his co-
ming away ; wrh inffrutftions to kneel before it every morning , at the firft riling of the Sun : fo teach-
ing the ii to Worfhip their two /:/o// at once, or to tranllate their devotions from the Sun a Creature
ofGod'f, to 2 plain wooddcn CnUi (^of whiih they knew nothing hut the form J tli« work of a C.irpcmr

Zlzl i It

1037

i-Ktis infttUn/odum aContin:nti' dividmt, in which it was exprefTed for afpaciousIllarid,//^.6.f.T;!.i7.
"he reafon of the Fnourw. ', ■'. at''i>le who fi.-rt endeavoured the' Difcovery of it, fayling up the

11.

H
'$

1038

CALIFORMIA.

Nova Albion.

U II alio (oia u« ut (hii people, that cacli fainily it ordered by the Father ofit, withogt other ^overnmcat/
^ci Co well managed, that ihcy allowed but one wife to a man , and puni(hed Adnltcrj with death t the
A{,uds not futTcred tu converfc , or talk with men before theii marriage , but to abide at home & work ;
the ivitiows not to marry again.till they had mourned at lead half a year for the death of their huibandt.
Mattcri more favouring an VtopUn Common^wealth, than a Citliformitnt.

I'licei of mod obfervation in it. i . The Cafes of S. CUra, and S. Lhcu ; the firft on the Somb-Baft
point of the Pemnfula towardi New Gallkia i the other on the South' Wed towardi jIJia, 2. S. Crojft,
(Slittu S- CrHci)) a capacious and convenient Haven near the Cdft 0(6. Clara > fo called becaufe dilco-
vercdupon Hotj Rood ii.y. 3. Cabadiltu Plaiat , more within the Bay ifo named, becaufe the Hiorc
(hewed in little Hillocks, without gra(Te, or (hrubi ; the Spani/Jj word fignilying an much. 4. Cabi) Bvxo,
towards the bottom of the Gulf, (Trom whence the Land on the other (ide may be eafily Teen) in the
LMituAe of 29. yS. Andrews, a convenient Haven.and not far off an ifland of the fame name,with fomc
Cottages in it. 0. S. Thome, an Ifland of 25 leajjues in compafTe, at the mouth of the GuJf; rifing to-
wards the ^outb in an high Mountain, under which a convenient Road for fliipping , tbe.Sca bemg there,
abouts 25 fathoms. Then on the other fide towards the Sea , we have 7 S. Atad, a convenient Haven,
furrounded with a Countrey which fecmcd rich and pleafant. 8. Cafe Tritiidado, a Promontory well
known to Stamen. 9. C4/>f(/tCc<iy»/,focalled from iheCfiiwgrowinu, near it ,in the Latitude o( z^.
and 1 5 mmutes ; with an liiand not far off of the fame name alfo. 10. Cape Enganno, in the Latitude
of 3 1 . II. PHehla de Im CanoM, fo naned from the multitude of Boats ( by themki vcs called Ctmoes)
which the people ufed ■■, four degrees more Northward than that Cape. And 1 a CabtdeGaJera, (<> named
from the refembbnce which it had to anH4r,intheZ>tnVWf of 36 But ihefe two placed by fvhu dt
Lait within tlic Countreyof %», one of the Provinces of ^iwVd. UnderRand here, that ihefc are
onely the names of places, not of Towns, or Villages, ffor whither there be any fuih.l ara yet unfatif-
fied :) and that there are many other Promontories.BaycS; Rivers and Iflandi on both fides of ibis
Region, which I finde no names for.

The firft difcovery of this Countrey we owe to FerdinanJo Cortex. Cof whom more hereafter^ who in
the year 1534. furnilhed out two (hips from the Haven of .V./i^* in tbe Wcflern (ttotaoiHii^aHiM
A'ctM, to Cearch thcfe Seas -. who making fome fmall progrelle m it, encouraged him the next year to
p'ji fue it in perfon i and pafllng up the Gulf as high as to the River o( S.Peter, and Paitl, (Co called , bc«
caufc difcov ercd on the 29 of Jtine , the Annual feaft of thofe ApofUes^ for want of viAaali and other
neccffiryproviflons, returned back again. The buflnefTe having flept awbile.was in the year 15 3p.
awakened by Francifco de Vlloa, one that had accompanied Cortex the time before : who did not oncly
fearchro the bottom of the Gulf, but having throughly canvaiTed all the EaOern (horci , be turned hit
conrfe, and made a> fortunate a Difcovery alio of the Wcflern Coafts. Landing, be took pofTeflion of
the Countrey with the wonted ceremonies, for the King of j'/)<i<'»i and in the place fet up a Croj[t to
ferve as a remembrance of bis being there. After him followed Ferdinandu the Alareon , who difcovercd
many leagues up the courfe of the fuppofed River of5««4(J«»4; where Nttj_u.tcatM,QW oiiHieChiefs
of their Clans, or Tribes, did fubmit unto him : advancing fo far towards the North , that at the laft he
heard news of Cihala ; but unprovided at that time for a journey thither. And on the other fide , Rodo -
rico Cahrillo, in the year 1642. coading along theWeftern (hores of this Countrey, difcovered two
fmalllllands beyond Cape CTrf/frd; the one of which he called S.I«;^/, and the other the iiland of Pof.
ftjjion : and beyond them a fiir Haven ,which he called Sardiius. But yet not finding what they looked
for, which was Gold and Silver ; and hungry honour yielding but a poor fubfiflence : the further fearth
of thefe Countreys was quite laid afide i almofl as little known now, as befoie C«/«m^w firll fet fayl up-
on New Difcovcries.

4. NOVA ALBION formerly conceived to be a part of tlie Continent, hath of late tiroes been
found to have taken up but fome pari of this Ifland ; lying about the 3 8 degree of Latitude.and fo North-
wards as far as to Cape Blanco, as they call it now. Difcovered by Sir Francis Drakf in his Circumnavi-
gation of the World, An 1 577. and by him named Nova Albion, in honour o\ England^n own Coun-
trey, which was once called AUiitn.

TbeCountrey abundantly replenifhed with Herds of Deer, graflng upon the Hills by thoufands ; at
alfo wi: h a kinde of Conies, in their feet fomewbat like a tvant, and on each flde a Sack where they keep
fuch viduals as they cannot cat. The flefh of thefe Conies fervcs the people for food -. and of their skini,
the Kings, or Chicfi of their feveral Tribes, make their Royal robes. Tbe men quite naked > the women
v/ith a piece ofMacindeadofan Apron, chade, and obedient j their husbands. Their houfes made of
Turf and Ofier.fo wrought together, as ferves to keep them from the cold: in the midd whereof they
fcavc an Hearth where they make fire , abont which they lye along upon Beds of Bulruihes. What Towni
they have, and whether they have any, or not, and by what names callcd,if they have any, mud be re-
ferred to a further. Difcovery : there being nothing to that purpofe delivered hitherto. And yet not
feated fo far North , but that it may be capable of a further light , if any noble Undertaken would ad-
venture on it.

1 1'e Englifl} were no fooner landed, but the Inhabitants prefented themfelves before tbe General , with
prcfencsof Feathers, and Kails of Net- work made of BulUrufhes; which he received and requited with
great humanity. The news of their Arrival being carried further, one ofthcir Kings thought fit to be-
llow ;•. vifit on them. A perfon of a goodly ftature, attired in Cony-skins , with many tall men attend-
ing on !:im ; one going before him with i Mace, at whicJi hanged three Crowns , with as masy Chains j
the Chains of bone , but the Crowns of knit- work, made of Feathers, very ingenioufly compofed. After

hioi

^'^'

CALIFORMIA.

him followtd many of the common fort , every one fiavmp, liii face painti:d with white, black, .md fome
other colours i and every one with fome prefcnc.cr other in their hands, even the very boyv<i. IlLint^
brought into the (7f«fr.)// prelitnce , the Macebearer made a lonp Speech, which mi>;lit be well meant,
though not underllood : and that bctn^ ended, the Kin^ caused the Crown to be put upon tlic Gi r.tr ils .
head, and the three Ctiaini about his neck t the Common people pifcrmg T'critices about i lie Fields, rn
great foieranity. Not to be interdiftcd thofe fuperrtitions , though ihtF.nglijh Civhouj i\vcy rook for
Gods^ Teemed offended at them. Finally, after much kindnefliE exprcfled oii both lidci, tlic Gcmntl pro*
minnt; in the name o( the Queen of EngUnd^ to take them mto his protcAi«n ; he lauled a I'lliar to be
cfcftcd in the place : on wtuch he fadned the Armiof £n;/4n(^, the v^ieens name, and his own ; and fo
returned unto bis (hips. .But theCountrey lying fo tar off IhHt nobcnctii could redound by ittotlie Erj^-
/i/^ Nation, but the honour of the tirfl Oiliovcry. the nameofiV(/&4 y^/^i<;M by little and little was for-
gotten, and at lad quite left out ot the Maps, or Chans ;oncly a Point, or i'ronioniory, by the name ot
Po Jt Francifeo Draco, being left unto us to preferve bis memory. And though we have cault J ilic- name
of Nova Alkionto be reflored unco the Maps, as it was before : yet we mult let the Kcadei know , that
the namf of iVciv /4/^i6n hath been given lately with as much propriety , but more iiopes ot',ri)hc and
advantage, to that part of /'>/^*Mi«i, which lietb betwixt iT/4rj-XW and NcwEngUud , a, bei'orc was
luxed.

Oppofite to Cape 5/.mf <■, and the extream North parts of America, thf fuppofed l.inji,dom of
AN I A N , from whence the Streits oiAnum which are thought by fome to part Ama •.-.; from . //m,
do derive their name; it concJ;ived tolie. Suppofed.and luppofedonely, for not certainly Known : the
very being of fuch a Kingdom, and fucb Strtttt, being much fuQ)e«ied,

1039

'I 'I. I

^ ■ ' ' -, ' ■ / .

7^111

v-m

«cr-

1040

NOVA GALL I CIA.

OV A G A L Lie I A \i bounded on thcEafl nnd South with Nov.t Tliif.mit, or New
Sp.iDi J on ilie Weft, wirh ilie River BnemiCuU,nn(i the GuU of C^lijormi.i ; tlie Countrcj'i
beyond 11 on the North not difcovered hitherto. So called becauCc of fomertfcmblanct
which it was thouj-ht to have to (J.i/iui.i, a Province oi'SpMn, in Luropt ; the word A'uV4
being added ( it (or diftindions fake.

It is litiiatc between the 18'''. and zS'^. degree of tlie Northern LaiitMJe , wliiih nieafured from the
Port of the N.itiiiry (by the Spani.irds called NaiivUiJ, and contrartcJIy NhvUlIj wlicre it confineth
on A'< )v Sp.n>i, to the moft Northern border of Ciw/t.i, makes 300 ieaj'uc* .- the biciJth hereof, for io
much .IS 15 pollefTed by the SpMurds, but an hundred oncly. Uui takirii; in Ni w lij^.ij find Noi.i Mcxi-
emu intothc Accompt, the breadth will be greater than the kn\\ih.

Ihe Archcreoftienerally very temperate, but more inclined to heat th.m cold; many times fubjcft
urio Thunders and preat llorms of rain ; but for the moft part of fo found a conftitution , that the Inha-
bitants attain to a good old Age. contagious difeafcifeldom known anion j'ft them. The ground by
conf.quencc fomtwhat of the dneft ' if not moiftned with the morning Ocws . wiith fall very aciiiicntly^
.mJ whether by the temperature of the Aire, or Soyl, apt to produce a kindc of Giiai { wiiitli the Ltttiitcs
call Ci'wcs) affirmed to be as bi^; as a bean, which by their ftings do very often phu'.uc the people , and
rails blilKrs on their bodies as bii; as iy.ilniiis.

1 he C ountrey more Mountainous than plain , and in moft parts (iindy ; Quarries of ftone in many
places, but little Marble, 01 any other ftonc of value. Good ftoreof Mines of DrafTc and Silver , few of
Gold, or Iron ; and amon{^ft all their Metals a great mixture of Lead. The foyl (o lich , that it yields 60
iiicaliireb of Wheat for one j and tor one oiALiitje , above two hundred : th. Rivers plentifull of 1 i(h,
ai;d the Woods of Ucaftsi great ftore of Bees without ftings. which make their rioney in the 1 orrefti
without otli:r Hives. And .1$ for Apples , Pears .Citrons , figs, /]/4/f «cn/, and other Eutopt,u: ^ruits,
they thrive better hae than they do in J'/)4<«, except the Cherry .md the 0//ff .- of which the laft is moft
an end undcnnintJby tmmets; and the tirft thrufts out fuchanharveft of Leaves foccaiioncd by the
natural rankncfte of the ground^ that they feldom come to their perfe(?tion.

f he people wava ing and mconftant, apt upon any difcontent to foriake their houfes , btt.-.kc them-
iclves unto the Woo'lssnJfn'iiy''"'" '« return to their antient Burhrifme- Crafty, and dixile even
in matters which concern Etli^on : but Uothfull and impatient of any labour, to which not to be hired bui
for very great wages. Much given to (inging, dancing , and I'omctimes to drinking ; and were it not
that thiy loved their Liquour, few of them would betake tbemklves to the cares of Husbandry. Of fta-
turc reafonably tall ; tlinr Garments for tbe moU part a ftiirt of Cott(jii , with a Mantle over it , I'aftned
with two BuckIo about their (boulders. They dwell in Villages and Towns, according to the greatnefle
of their fever al Tribes : thofe Triks commanded by their Chiefs, who fuccced hnedii.irtly ; but fubjcift to
the Jodt'es and other Officers of the Kir.g of Spain. As for the SpMurds who here dwell , they betake
themfeives generally to menhandije, and the fearch of Metals ; fome kw to Husban J. y and iirafing , but
make not the beft ufe which they might of the Countrey : Tor though here be gre.it pltniy both oiSugnr-
C.ixes, and oiCacdned. yet they nei'.lcft to refine the one, and attend the ordtriiig of the other i finding
perhaps an eafier.or a greater proht in the other Commodities.

The Mountain of moft note in all this Countrey, is that betwixt GiiadJ.u.ir.t and Z,:cmccm ; a league
in height, but of fuch a precipice withall , that no Horfe nor Cattel can alccnd it : their other Hills Rocky,
huttloa hed with woods, full of vaft Pints, iargf Okes, and great ftorc of Wolves, the River of moft
name is that tailed 5.i««w, which rifing out o( ilie Lake ot'MiclntM.w in Nov.t Hifv.t^i.t, falls down a
Cat^rucl about four league* from GnAd^i.Ma, of .en fathoms deep, and fo tumhletli into Af.ire del Zur:
in no place foidable, nor having any p.iflage over it but on Reeds and RAfti , on which the palfenger fit-
teili with his Commodities, his Horfe fwimraing by y not hie at any time, and at moft times dangerous.
SomeZ.jil^fjherebeofio. fomeof 12 leagues compaffe; environed with rich failures on every fide.
J hofe of Icflfe note ftiall be remembred in their proper places.

It comprehends the Provinces of \.Ci»aloa- z.ConliAcan, 3. Xa/i/fo, and 4. GuttdalMani\ on the
Wcltemrtiores. <^. ZMatccas. 6. New Bifctj. 7 7V«z/<j yl</f.v<Vrf«rf, more within the Land. Ofalltliefc
(umewhat ftiall be faid, though of each but little.

I. C IN ALOA, is the moft Northern ProvinceofiV(n'Cr//(fM,boundedupon the Weft, with
the River of Z.'«f«rf C«u,and fome part of the 2>\''j oiCiUformia ion the I-aft, with a long ch.iin of
Mountains, called the Hills of Tepecfudn \ on tlie North, with the South parts of Cihul-t ; on the South,
with Conliucan.

The Aire for the moft part clear and healthy, the foyl fat and fruitfuil , produftivc of J/.r;cf , Pulfe, a
fo -t of long Pcafe which the Latinei call Phafi.oli, but we have no proper EtigUflj name for -, of wtiich
.ihuidantly plentifull. Great i^oxsoi Cotton kooI, wherewith both Sexes are apparelled. Well watered
with the Rivers. \. PctatLm. z.Tamochala. i.Pafciut 4. 7<?^«/»j; oir.o long courle, all of them riling
fi <im the Hills of T'f/ifj'/w.vw, and thofe but 36.1eaguesdirtant iiom the Sei-ftiores. liyrcafon of tiiele
Rivers here are very rich Paftures, which breed great ftore of Kiiic, Oxen, and other Cattel.

The people are generally tall, highs; than tbe SfAniards by a hand brcadti), warlike and ftrong , not

con.

CoULiACAN.

NOVA GALLIClX

cunqacrc'i h)i\w Spi>iii.ir,{ witliom irrcardiffituliy . ih^rir Arnita IUi*and poiloncd Ario*i,uith rrf.i'-
niallicCliilx. Iluir (.laiiiicntsJortlicinoH p.irt (ii O.Vd« iv-t/, dmr h.iir nounlhcd to n i;rt.it leni^th
wliitli thciiii.-ii t^t unina knot , but t!ic Women lutf«r to hanjj down to the lull lfni;ih ol it. liotl*
Sexes at tlic 111 iUoiiii:'!' ol the Jfw/r.otimlier, wuliout tlo.ithi .it .ili.buitoliiJetlicir fhiincj r,wl\
niiferably pooi , woi rtuppers ol'tlie Sun, .ind not .1 lew CnHmb.ih anionqif t hem,

Clikf low !)s hereof , 1. s, /%/»>, ind ^./d/', li:u«te on tlic bank ol' a Kiver ..ibout .|a JMijuti dom
llic 1 own i)iCiiii/iutnn, but ot no gr«at notv.'. 2. S. Jl'dh de CixMoA, .t (oiony of the Sf.mi.irui (tinted
here loni'. lincc ; and 1 c- intorted by a (iipply brourjit thither m tlie year 1 5 54, by Franci/m tU TLtrrA ;
fence able to defend tliemltlve* from 1 he old Inhabitant!, who ever and anon dittui b them with a freftl
Alnrm. lUfiJci ihife here are ontly lomc (cattered Villagci, and thole not many ; the Sf-murds
hndinR onely 25 oldlorti in all the Clountrey , v.hen they firUmade theiiilelvei M.ilKr* o! it, tin-
dcr the C oiidurt of iWnnrt tifO'nt.mA>i , Anno 154?,, I'eople every wherr luhmittinp, without any
lefitlance , or it they ^atlicrcd 10 an head, luun difpvtkd again. I ur what iould naked men do ag.tinl^
an Army ?

z. CnZ) LI AC A /V.or CV LVC AN, lieih on the South n^ClHjh.i, coafting a!ani> ihc Ray
ol Cilihrn.i.!, which it hath on the VVel* •&. part ot AV)v Jiijoij ,on the I.jII. 'flie Coiinuey well piu-
videdoi tfuit«,inlefiour unto none f.H ^11 lores of provilioiis jand not without romcMine* of Si/ver
found wt by thtX punuirds. Thechief llivcriofit. i. J<fjde MMchey.ii ,or lUe liWa of n.jmi » , in the
Noi th put ot ilic Province ; lo called becaule the Sp.iin.inli found there more women than men , occa-
fioninj', tile opinion that it was inhabited by Am.Kom. 1. Rio it iy<i/, a j?oodly River ibuth lidci whtre-
of are very v\ll peopled. ) . I'iiiftti.more towjids Xulifio.

1 lie pcopl.; not much different from the id} of Galtkut, fave that their tvomcn were more handfom,
both for drtH'e and perfonaj^e : all cloathed in Garments ofCotton-wool, when tirft known to thf Sfa.
nuxrds ; aiwl yet the men not free from the Sin of SUm. Their houfei neatly thatched with Draw ; and
over the Lintels of the Uoorilbmc Paintinps, as (hamdcflc m the veryfowieft of Areiimt I'ofturei.
Ipnoi anr ot Ccld, wliich they had no Mine* of v but of late times acquainted, to their coif, with Sitwr j
which they are compelled to dij;. and leline for the SpsniArds.

( hiet [owns hereof, 1. P».f/f/.( , on the River fo called, about a dayei journey from the Seal well
bni!c, and nrtificially contrived in refpeA ol" othc-ri . never recovered of that blow which it had from the
j^rfm.irJ/.whointhe Cor.queftof this Countiey wailed all before them. 3.^w«/d,ntai RudesAfH.
gens. }. ^>r(rmf^.(mor,anoldTown , but new named by tht Spaniards ,hccsiaQt it confifted of four
parrs. 4 £/ Leon,m old liurroui^h which from a Ljen there found, h.xd this new name xllo. 5. ComIi.i.
can on a River Co named, once the chief of this Province. 4. S.MiclMl, on th« River oiwomtn, builc by
A'onnii chGii'.man,^ the Latitude of 25. but afterwards defertcd, or removed rather to a fitter place:
and now tixtd in ilu Valley of W.«rrc^(«,twoleagHe«fromthe Sea, in a flourifliing and wealthy foyi
both for Coin and I'aftorape 1 hewholeCounireycoflqueredbythe j'^4M(W/,An. 1531- under iVo«-
ncK. dt Gn!.mm moff hurhaioullv burnint^ down the Towns, and defivoying the pe«ple t as if tbey caiQC
not to lubdue, but root oui Uic Nation .

3. X A L /SCO, or G'i^If JCO,as ibme\Vriter«callit,liatbontheNorth,C(i*/Mf4«;on the
South, Xtv Spain • on the {-.nlfithe Piovincc aiCHiuUUiara '■> oo (he Weft, the large Bay (A Caiifoymia.
^o called from Xaiifto the chief Town of it, when iubducd by the Spwiards.

1 he foyl hereof very tit for y1/<(itr , which it yields good (lo(c of , but nbt oitco herbaf^e f^ood for
Cattel > whiih it reckoned lor their greatt (1 want. The North pai'ts called Chiamttla , of the two moft
Iruitfull , and better peopled » having in it ftor«of Wax and Honey , with Ibrae Mines of Silvtr. The
people former ly Mum tains, and much given to quarrel* frorowbtcbRjefuimed fincetbeir Ccnvir-
pon to the Gofpel tenacious Hill of one of their ancient Cuftomcs , which is to carry the fmallelt
burden upon (heir flioulders, and not under their arpis > which to do they chink very ituichmii-be-
coming.

Chief Rivers hereof, \S.''^tb*ftians. 2 Kio de Spiri(uf>auBo,iD(i 3. the gieat and famous River of ^x-
raniu, fpoken of before. Upon the banks of which are fituate their moft principal Towns, t-i?,. iXalifco,
giving name to the whole Province, and to a large Promontory, called by the Spaniards Vurrit de X^tjlf'co,
ihruffingicfelfintotheBayot O/i/irww.overagainft the Illands called the Tfcre* M-tries; tbeCitie
taken and deftroyc-d by Noxne*. de Gu-{,tn,m, An. 1 5 :( o. Z. Compoftella , now the chief Citie of the Coun-
trey, and a IJifliops See < founfled by the laid No>:nc^ di (■■:z^an,.IKr\.\ 531. wlien be had fully conquered
the C;ountrey : by whom peopled with S;i<««i,ir(^/, and by him called Del Spiritu Satito. But founded in Co
ill a pbre, and lo bad an aire, delfi:ute both of food for men , and graflic fur horles -, as plainly (hewed
him to have better judgement in Souldicry iben in ArchiteBure. 3 . PurificatieH, a fmall .fiurroush on the
Sea fide, and in ihe extremity of this Countrey towards 7Vo*j H»7/<»»i<i , near lUe Port of Nativiiad.
4. S. Siball'tan mCt't'tmetU, on the Rwer lb called, tirff built by fmricifco de Tharra above mentioned :
who h.ivingtound hereabouts lome rich Mines of i'lVwr, brought hither in ihc year 1554. anewSpa-
n//i& Colony ; and building houfes for his /f:fi»rr/ in convenient places, otcafioned the whole Trad 10
be calif d df Tharm.

4. G V A D AL A I A R A\nth on the Weft, Xa/i/co ■> on.thc naft and South/ome parts of Nova
Hisfanii; on the North, the Province of Zrfi./fff<M : well watered with the River £/ir/»»i.i , which run-
netii chiouf;li the midlf thereof, fomc of his by-llreams moillening the other parts, 1 he C ountrey very

wealthy

1041

A:!i

Guadalaiira*

10 42 NOVA GALLICIA.

wealthy id Miiies (ff i'lVwr.plencifull oFy1/.j/tf .'and fortunate in the proJurtion ol ;Vli:,if and futh other
truits, as were brouizht hither out of £«rcpc. ThcCMuiraAcrortlic people wc h.ivc bi:o.f, apphcd 111
t^ener.il 10 all the Natives of New GaUicia, but niofl peculiar unto tiicle.

(lliK'f I owns hereof, i.GHaJalaiur.hfo called with reference to a Town of that name in AcwCj-
J7i/f,ar-,d{;ivin(; name unto the Province, iiiuatc on the banks of the llivir .ir.wia , or lomc brancii
thereof, in alweetaire and a moft richandplealin^rojl j wlicrc founded oy A'timm. .-ic Gucm^n, An.
I J31. when he had pcrfcftcd hisConquell : better advifed in the choifc of the place, than in that ot*
Comfojhlla before mentioned. A Citie of lo pood eftcem, that it pafleth for the Mvtrofolii of ail A'. ii»
GtillHi,t ; honoured with the Courts of "indicatHre, the relidence of the Kings Ireafurcrs , and a IJifiiops
See, removed hither from CompoflelU, An. 1 570. r.e.iutitied on this laft occalion with a fair CuIkM-aI, a
Convent of Fmnci/eMHs, and another oi Aii^^itftinc Friers. 2. Del Sfiritu Stnito,hu\k by the faid Aomiet,
in that part of this Counircy, which is called Tcpi^ue : but not clfe pbfcrvable. 3. SMniU A/aru tie lot
Lu^i^x, built by tiie fame founder, 30 leagues on the Haft oiGu.idaLiuira ; and the bell defence ot ail this
Province againiUheC/iu/;/mir.»,abarbarousand untamed people on the North and Hal> p.irts of this
Countrcy : who harbouring themfclvesin thethickeftof the Woods, and fome unknown Caves, do ma-
ny times prey upon the Countrey , which they would utterly dcllroy, if not tlius reprclfed.

5. ZACATECAS'ii abounded on the .South, with GuadaUUra ; on the North , with New
£ijcay ; on tlie VVefl, wiih CHlnacan, and fome part ciXatifco ; on the talt , with P.iimco , one oi the
Provinces of New Sfnin.

The Countrey of a different nature. In the weft parts called properly Loi Zachucm , rich in Mines
ofSih'tr, (no one Province morej but deftituteofWbeat,yW<ii*r, Water, and all other provirions;a»
if it were defigned for fome wealthy Mi/er, who could live upon the fight of Ircafure. The Eiflern
parts properly called Vxitijia, not fo well fumiOied with Silver, but moil abundantly provided with all
forts of fruits , their Woods repleniftied with Deer, their Fields with Corn , and every free giving en.
tertainincnt to feme Bird, or other : in a word, nothing wanting in it, cither for necefUty;, or pleafiirc,
• Ofthe people , I finde nothing flngular , but that they arc affirmed to be more indultrious than the mod

of their Neighbours! whether by force, or nature (the Spanuirds com fc\\\n^\ them to drudge in their
^i/rrr- mines j 1 determine not.

Chief Towns hereof, i.Los ZacMccin , t'.;ighboured by moft wcaliiiy Mines, 40 leagues on the North
o^GuaJaltMrd ; inhabited by about 500 Spamnrds, w'.j have here a Convent ot I'rMicifcans. 2. S.AlAr-
ims, 27 leagues from Zt c.itecu , tiie Mines whereof were firft opened by Framijco tie Tharri , before
mentioned ; who with many Haves, and all things neceflary lr>r a War , was lent upon that en and by
XfWM de Velafco, then Vice-Roy oi y1/r.Wf», An. 15 $4- The Town inhabited by a Colonic of ;co 'Spani-
ards, befidcs women and children. 3 . .S. Lukfs , and 4. De Avinno, built amongft Mines as wealthy it
thofe before, by the fame De Tharm : as alfo was 5. J:ren,t, a Imall Town , bur ofthe fame elf ate for
Sihcr ; diltanc from ZacattcM 2$ leagues towards the North- weft. 6. Nombre di Dios,in the moft Nor-
cbti n parts of this Count>-cy,68 leagues from GuMiilaiara > the loundation ofthe fame De Th.tna. Who
having conquered the Natives, and quieted tbcm after fome Rebellions by gentle ufage , built tiiis Town
in a pleaiant and fruitfull foyl : and having got the Govcrnmenc of the Countreys which he had difco-
vei ed , drew hither fo many ofthe Spaniards and chief men of the Nati /es , by granting them the pro-
priety of fome SiVwr-mines , that it became the chief and beft peopled Town uf all tins Province. 7. Du-
raih^o, in the valley oiGmuiiunA^ about eight leagues diftant from Nombre di Diot , peopled by a Colonic
of .'^'p.wWjccnduAed thither by y*//o»yo /'<«:/»?«, at the appointment of A T/wrra, to whom the Spa-
murcis are indebted for all this trealure. 8. Xeres de Frontera, lirft built fur the leprcding of fomt ofthe
Jrf/z'rf^f / , who ufed to infert the borders towards GMatUUtara , during tlie Regentie of the Manjues ot
f'ilLx Mauricjite, who then commanded in Neiv Spdin.

As (ot V X IT J J' A, it belonged once unto the Province ofPanMco, fubdued by Lopet. dc MendotA,
imployed therein by Nonnc^ de Gu<.nidm An. 1 5 29. at that time Govcrnour of tliat Province. iJirmem-
bred from it fince the conqueft oi ZacatecM, ind made a Member of the Pnfellure of New Ga/licia. The
chief Town of it called S. Lcmu , built in a pleafant Valley by the faid IWheco, and by liim peopled with
a Colonic of Spaniards : the Town not diftant from Panuco above twenty leagues.

6. NOVA B I S C A I A,OT New Bifcaj, hath on the .South. Los ZacatecM i on the V/eft» Cinal.
cA s on tlie North, Nova Mexicana > the Countreys towards the Haft not dilcovered hitherto. So called
\fjFrancifco de 7'/?4ilr<«, bv whom firft fubducd, from the near neighbourhood which it had untoiVo:.^
Giillicia, of which fince reckoned for a part.

The Countrey fubjeft in the V.'inrcr to great frofts and fnows ; but notw<thftanding well provided
for all things neccfTary -, and wonderfully enriched with Mines of Siher. 1 hey have alfo fome of Lead,
which ferve very fitly for the melting and purirying of the other ; ufed to this purpofe not alone in thefe
Mints of New Bifcaj, but in thofe i.llb of New Spain. The people rcfolute and ftout, not conquer*! at
the tirft attempt, nor won fo much by tbrce, as by fair perfwafions.

Places of molt oblcrvation in it, i . 'i..£<rr^<tr«, and 2. S.^>/>m/, about three leagues diftant jbuiltone.t'
for the benefit ofthe Mines adjoyning. 3 . Ende, th< furtheft Town which the Sf.im.trds have towards
thcNorih; of whom a Colonic was thei? planted (by tcafon of the djovning yl/i./i;) h\ Roderico del
Rio, wlio did alio foriific it, by ibe direrticn of De Tharra, under whom a C:olontl. Diltant Irom S, R.tr-
L.ti.i. and S.fohn about twenty tcagues , and an hundred and twenty icagues from Lot Zaeaiecas. More
North by ((.venty leagues at Icaft, and within this Region, but no: within the power of the Sp.u.iard, aie
"^lU to be thofe lour greac Towns which the Jfcr-fW/ call '-.</ ^atro Cienagat ; but I have nothing ot
kiicm certain. This

for

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Tj-

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this
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NovaMexicana. N OVAG A L L IC lA,"

Thit Countrcy tirlt (ubduedby Fntncifio li TLma , who after he had built /)«/-,w,),, in rlic Norr'i
partsof /..« /^>icatic.u , and affured that Province ; advanced witli a Troop of 1 30 horlc\ tin tl,. I ) ;■ o.
very and Conquelt of his Northerr. Neij^hbours. Tncountrcdat thelirtlmoiv wiihhuii-crnivUMitfV*
than with any oppolition of the Inhabitants ;inromiich that i hey were fain to eat tlicii Horlis : ..rid.i.i ;•'.
wards by the Rebellion of the Natiiies , who killed the };reateft part ol fuch Horfcs ns tvcrc Lli uneaten"
liut not dikouraged herewith, nor with the many di'llicultics which he found in his way, bcinj; comnell' d
to hew his padagethorow the Woods by the fwords of his Souldiers ; he prevailed ai'uit -andh.'vi't"
letted *t in peace, returned by the way ofCwo/w, which he alio Conquered ; and planted there a Colonvit
i!i the lowr. oiS-hl'"',^^ was faid belorc.

7. NOl'A ^//TA'/C/f A'/f , isboundcdontheSouih,withAVn>i?//<,r»;on theVVetl with
^IvirA ; the Countries on the North , and Haft , not difcovered hitherto i thoui'.ii U) ne extend it' Haft-
wards as far as I'lorLii. Extended 250 L'eapues from the Town and M,ws ot S. A./)^«) .r ,and how nimh
beyond '.Ilat none cm tell ; the /Ji/jfiuwj of this Countreyhcin^', lo uncertain , and indeed incredulous
that 1 dare fay nothing pofitively of the (oil or People ,but much Ids ol the Towns and Cuts whit;' art-
laid to be in it. So named by Antonio tic Ei^cio, a Citizen oi Mexico in New Spain, by wliora diCcovcrc I
and fubducd.

For lirft, they tell us of the People, that thiy are of great ft.iturc ^ and that liiicenom;!) , bat not lo
probable J that they have the Art of drellini; C/mwo« and other Xr.wAfr, as well as the hclt /.f,(//,r-
Drc^tr in all Fl.wdurs : or that they have Shoes and Hoots fo well lewcd and loaled , that no Shoj'jf.ii:^^
in all S. Martins could do it better. Then for their Towns , th.it they are very fair and t',00 Jly , the lioulcs
well built of I. ime and Stone, Tome of them four Stones , and in moft ofthcni JV.i:tv lor the Winter
Seafon. The Streets even, and ordered in an excellent Manner. Particularly they tell us ofa Town calLJ
i C/jw, one ot the Rve chief Towns of the Province of Cwj/wr/, which is faid loconiain ei' Mr Markci'
PAces.and ail the houfes to be plaiftered and painted in moft curious Manner. 2. Of./(fl»;^,tlia:ic is
fituatc on the top ofa Rock, a great Town, yet no way unto it bui by LuJI( .t ; and in o.ie place a p.'i'v'
offtairs but exceeding narrow, hewn out of the Rock , exceedingly well fortitied by Nature ( tlxyijy
true in that , if any things were true which they fell us of it) and all their water kept in Ciinins ( hue no
body can tell from whence they have it.) i.Oi Combos , on a Lake (0 called , the City fevcnLcu'ues
long, tv70 broad-, ("alecond Ninivc ) but the Houfes fcatteringly built amongrt Hills and Gaider.s
which takes up a great deal of the room : Inhabited by a People of iiich ftr 'ngih and courage , t hat the'
Sfanurds only fliced it, and io went away. Much of this ftuff I could afford you, but by this taft we may
con jedure of the reft of the Fe*ft. ^

The Countrey firft difcovered by AHtfuHix', Rtjui. , a Francifcan Frier , Anno 1 580. wlio out ofZeat
to plant the Gofpel in the North , accompanied with two other Triers of that Order , and eight Souldiert,
imdertook the y^Jx/f «f«rf. But one of ihcAtonks being killed by the S^/j^ga , the Souldiers plaid the
Poltrons , and gave over the A Aion. On their return, Beltram a Frier uf the fame Order ( from whofe
mouth we muft have the former FiSions) defirous to preferve the lives of his l'eHo;v5 which ftaidbc-
liinde, encouraged one Antonio dc Flpcio, a Native otCorditla, but a Citizen of Mexico, to engage in fucli
tn holj Caufe . who raifing a Bind ot 1 50 horfc, accompanied with many Slaves, and Beafts of Carriage,
udertook the burmefi. I omit the many Nations of the Conchi , Psfnugatet. Tobofi, Patarabji s, Tarrahtt-
in*res , Tepoancs, and many other as bard names, which he pafled thorow in his way, Butcoming at the
laft 10 a great Ri»er whicii he called DclNort there he made a ftand ; caufed the Countrey on both lidei
of it to be called Nova Mexicana , and a City to be built wlii; h uc called New Mexico , fit uate in the
37'''- degree oi Northern Latitude, and diftant from old jl/f.vicj five hundred Leagues: the name fince
changed to that of S. Fo^' , but dill the Metropolis of that iVovince, the Rejideme ofthc Governoui-, and
■ pretty Garrifon conlifting of two hundred and 'ISvj Spaniards. Some other Towns I - found at his
coming hither, ri<. 2 Socorro,iio called by the Spaniards beciufe of that fuccour and relief they found tiiei c
for their half ftarvcd Bodies. 3 Senccu , 4 Pilabo , and 5 ScvUetta , old Towns but now Chriftenedhy the
Spaniards, when the Inhabitants thereof did embrace the Gofpcl ; each of them beautified with a Churcii.
6S.7o/j«x,built afterw.irds in the year 1599 by "John de 0«»4rf , who with an Army of five thoufand
fallowed the fame w.»y which Pj/vw went i and having got a great deal of Trcafurelaiditupin thit
place, that it might be no incumbrance to bim in hit Advance. Tnit it themoft I dare relie on fortius
, Countrey -■ And this hath no fuch Wonders in it , but what an eafie Fairh uiay give ,:redit to : though t
had rather believe the Frurs whole Relations, then go thithcf to difprovc any pott fiurcof.

104-^

'll

Aaaaa

O F

iHi

•^-tt.

1044

if,

NOVA HIS P A N I A.

T; V A HIS P A N I A is bounded on theEift , with a fair and larf^c Arm ofche Sea,

). called t!i. Bay of New Sp.tw , and the Golf of Mexico ; on the WctJ, with parts of Ne.va

CMciu, and Marc del Zur ; on the North, with the reft of A'l iv 6'.i///V /.i, fomc part of

Florida, and tin: Go/fi on the South , with Mare AclZtir, or the Sourh-Sfa onely. lo caU

^ L'd with relation to J'/i<ii« in Europe, as the chief Province of that trnpircin thisArw

lyorld; with reference to which the Kings of Sptiiu call tiKmftUcs Reges His'ptimrHni , in the I'lu-

ral number.

Itcxtendethfromthe i5t''.Dc£;recofZ<»fif«<ictothe;6rl'.cxtlurively, /. mcafiirinj^ it on the Kaft-
fide by the Bay of Mexico to the North oiPanuco \ but fix. degrees kflc , meaforing it on the Weft- fide to
the Port of Ntttivilui, where it joyncth with CMlicia Nuzu. Or makini; oui actompt by niilcs , it is in
\)KSAil\iUom PanucoMTito Mare del Zur, zoo SpaniJhki^\i(ii,ov 6co liaimn miles i hut hardly half as
much on the other fide. The length hereof from the Eaft point of Jncuun , to the borders of Ciilticu
Nova, I ::oo Italim miles, or 400 leagues •, which is juft double to the breadth.

The aire ixceedmg temperate, though fituate wholly under the 7"cm(/Zow: the heats thereof much
quahfied by thofe cooling blafts, which fan it from the Sea on three fides of re ; and by thofe frequent
Ibowres which fall continually in June, July , and Augufl , the hotteft feafons of the year. Abundantly
enriched with inexhauftibleA//w/ of Gold and Silver, Ibme of BrafTeand iron; j.lcnty of Cocc-mitf,
of which we have fpoke before » great ftore of C^^^di fucha wonderfullincrcafeof Coccwf/, that 5670
Arrobm of it ('each ^fw^4 containing 25 Bufliels of our Engli/h meafurej have been (hipped for Eu-
role in one year. Where by the way, this C»fc»»ff/groweth on a fmall Free, or fhrub havinu v«rv thr '
leavei ; which they call a Tuna ; planted and ordered by them as the French do their Vines : o.n >.'' •', .
feed whereof arifeth a fmall worm, at firft no bigger then a Flea , and the greatef^ not much bij', .;, ..
our common Lady-cows , which they jmuch refemhle ; which feeding on the leaves , and overfp.ead-
ing all the ground in which they are, are gathered by the A'<»f/w/ twice a year, ftiflcd with afliet , or
with water (i ut this laft the beft^ dried to a powder in the fhade , and fo tranfported into Europe.
Here is alfo great plenty of Wheat, B.irley, Pulfe of all forts , and of all fucli Plants and Roots as we let
in Gardens for the kitchin; Pomgranate5,0'enges,Limons, Citrons, .(^/.(/((j/ccm/, Figs and ( herrie«,
even to fuptrfluity ; Apples and Pears in lefte abundance, few Grapes, and thole few they have not fit
for wine ; Plenty of.(i/4i«, and other Plants unknown in H./w/!f ; Birds and Beafts, wilde ar.d r;rme of
all forts, and of each no fcarcity. Not thus in all places of it, nor in all alike ; but fome in ohl;, feme in
another, according to the conftitution of the foyl and aire : which is fo different in this Coun:rey,that in
fuch parts hereof as are hot and dry, their fieedtime is in April, or May, their Harveft in Ochicr -, but in
fuch places of it as are low and moift, they fow their Corn in Oiliber, and reap in May .■ thus 1 avin;.; two
Harvells in a year, and yet but one.

The people more ingenious then the reft of the J'<i/t/.*jjM,exquirite at fome Miclhtr.icl^tKvH, efpecially
in the m.iking of their Feather- piiluTes \ and fo induftrious withall, fo patient both of thirft and hunj er,
that they willfetat it an whole day without meat, or drink j turning every Icither to theliglt, up-
wards and downwards, every way, to fee ^n which pofture it will bell fit the phrc intended to i'. No
better 6V«i/w»VAj in the world, nor men more expert anywhere in refining Metals, curious in painting
upon Cotton, whatloeverwas prefented to the eye. But yet fo barbarous withall, that they thought the
Gods were pUafed with the bloud of men, which fometimes they/.jf /^//iVf^iunto them. So i,';r,oranc, that
when they firft faw the Spamardt on Her/f ^dfi^, they thought ttie horfe and man to have been one
creature ; and would ask what the Horfes faid, when they heard 1 hem neigh. So cartlefTe o( the worth
of Gold, that they would part with great quantities of it for Knives, Olaffe- beads .little r)ells,and fuch petit
trifles. But whatfoever they once werc.is not now materiahthe Spaniards having mode fuch havock of this
wretched people, that in 1 7 years they deftroyed above fix millitns of them ; roafling fome, plucking out
the eyes of others, tonfuming them in their Mines , and mercilcfly cifting them amongft wilde bialfs
where iliey were devoured. And as for thofe who do remain, bcfides their own natural /«^f>ii('/(7/f/,they
liavc fince learned the Civilities ^wi km of Europe. What elle concerns this foyl and people, we fhali
ftiew more particularly, if we finde it neceffary, in their proper places.

Amongfl: the Rarities of this C ountrey f though there bj many Plants in it of a fingular nature J I
reckon that which they call Magney , or Meto, laid to be one of the principal ; a Tree whth they both
plant and dreffe as we do our ^'<w/. It hath on it 40 kinde of Leaves li' for fever.' I ufc?. 1 or when they
be tender, they make of them Conferves, Paper, Max, Mantles, Mats, Shoocs.Girdks ,uiid Cord.iue;
■pon them there grow certain Prickles , fo ftronp and fliarp. that the people ufe thcni in flead of.V.ini t.
From the top of the Tree Cometh ajuyce like Syrrup; which if vou Icethir, will became ifoncy, il pu-
rifi.d , Sugar i they may makeallbWioe and Vinegar ol' it. Ihe /?.(//• of it roalK J nnkcth a fond
PlaiHtr for hurts and fores v and from the highelt cf the Boughs comes a kiiidc oi Cim, a foveraign Ami-
doteagainflPoifont.

Noris it Icffeaf/frfriVr, though Icffeuref^'jll to the pond of Matikindc ('except ithtto keep them in
cODfinual mindeofthe Fires of IKH) that they h.ive a Mount.iin in this C'oLi'.trey, callsd rropocumpedv,

(l!ua'i;

f
^

'-\, i'-

jPanuco. nova hispania.

cal-

Ntw

Hu.

F.aft.
to

IS III

llf PS

iliicu

(ficuatc in the Province of Affxico) which vomitcrh flames of fire like i/i-:t»a : and aaother in the Pro-
vince of (7/M.v.ff<;, which fendtth forth two burning ftrcams, the one of nd Pitch, and the other -oiblKk '

. _ . prefentlv-

want thereof fupplicd by fotrte titnous Lakes, and the neighbouvhoodof theC7«//ofyi/f.v;fo. AmonpH:
t he Likes, the principal are thofe of Mexico ( whereof more anon) and that of ChapaU, bordering upon
CMiiciu Nova ' which for its grr atncffe hath the name of Man Ch^paiicfim, out of which there is made
yearly iireat abundance of Salt- But that which is of grcateft beauty is the Go/j of Mexico the L'rcateft
and ^oodlieft of the world : in form completely Circnlnr, in compaffe no lefTe than 900 miles . environed
with the main land, the Peninfulas of Florida and fHcutan, iui the Ifle of Cu(>a. Two onely pafTages in
and out, and both well fortified ; the one betwixt tL? Point of fwntan, and the Ifle of Cuha , where the
Tider th a violent currententreth. the other betwixt thefeidifland and the Cape of /".wi*, where ic
makis as violent an exit : the Sea fo heady in the roiddeft, and yet fafe enough , that (hips are not to (liyl
in it direftly forwards, but mnft bend either towards the Nonh, or South, as their journey lieth. Upon
this Golf the Kine; of Spain hath alwayes forae (hips in readineffc i by which he more aflureth his Eftates
in this part of Annrica, then by all his Garrifons.

It comprehendcih the Provinces of I. P4»«fo. 1. Mexicana. i.Mcchoacan.J[. TUfc^l.i. ^.Gtatxata.
6 Chiitpa. T-JuciitM. Some others of lc(re note, but reduced to thele.

I . P AN V CO, the moft Northern Province of all Ne\v Spain, by fome called Gu.if}ccan,\% bound-
ed on the Eaft, with the Golf of Mexico ; on the Weft, with Vxitipa, a Member of the Province of Z4-
catccis in NcwGalliciai on the North, with Florida , and Come Countreys not yet difcovcrcd , from
vvliich parted by the River of Palms ; on the South weft with Mcchuacan ; and on the South,with Mexi-
cans. So called from Paniico the chief Uiver of it, which rifing out of the Hills ofTcpecJiian , bordering
Upon Cirioloa and Couliacan,»nd dividing New Bifcaj from the Vtos'mctof Zacatecas , palTcth through
the middle of this Countrey , and fo at laft into the Golf,

Thelsnfithhereof is reckoned to be JO leagues, and the breadth as much. Divided into three Pro-
vinces. That towards McxicaHa , called Aiomxetlan , of t fruitfull Ibyl, and not without fome Mines
of Gold 5 ones very populous , till in the year 15.12. difpeoplcd in a manner by Fcrdinando Corta, in
his War againft them. Tlie other called Chila, IcfTe fruitfull , but poflibly for want of people to improve
the Land : for being formerly of a ftout couragious nature , and trufting overmuch to their Fens and
TafnrjJ'es, they fuztht Spaniards to fuch trouble when they warred upon them ; that theConque-
rours to fccure themfelves from all fiiture dangers , endeavoured to root them out aod dcftroy them ut-
ferly. Tlie third iieth towards the River of Prf/ww, inclined to barrennefTe , and unpleafant ; but the
name! tindc not. ?.■

Chief Towns hereof at the coming ofthe ^p«>rfr^ hither , i.LatCaxat. z.Txicuyan. i-Nachd-
patan. ^.Taqninite- 5. 7"««fffo , defolateand laid wafte by the cruel Jf^MUr^/^ Of moft note now,
t.T*nehipa,A\Aj.Tameclipa,fwo fmall Burroughs in the Province of the River of Palmes (for fo I
call it J inhabited by the iVofit'c/ onely. 8. SJr<»//<i;>, another fmallTown, but in the Province of CW^,
inhabited by a few Ckyiftians, with a Convent of Au^nftinian Friers ; Packed by the Savages in the year
1571. 9. Tampicc, or S.Lewis de Titmpice, a Colonic of the Spaniards, lituate on the North banks of
the River Panuco , and at the very mouth thereof; where it hath a very large Haven, but fo barred
with fands, that no (hip of great burden can make ufe of it : the Rivei-. otherwife fo deep, that Veflels of
jco Tun might fayl 60 leagues at leaft in it againft the ftream. 10. S. Stcv.w del Puerto , on the Sou-
thern fide of that River, in the Latitude of 23 . about 65 leagues on the North of Mexico, from the Se«
eight leagues v now the Mctropolu, and Town of greateft trade in all this Countrey. Built by Fcrdinan.
do Cortex in the place where formerly had flood P4««fo, once the thief Citie of the Province , but by
himdefltoyed. Oppofite hereunto on the other (?de of the River, lie great ftore of J^/f.^iV/, out of
which the people of this Town raife their greateft profit, i r . S. ^ago de lot Vallet, or S. lames in the
Vallies 25 leagues Weft-ward ("but inclining to the South withal!) Irom S.Scevan del Puerto ; Jituate in
an open Countrey, and therefore fenced about with a Wall of Earth : to the Inhabitants whereof fall
Spaniards, as in that before) the King of Spain hath granted many fair polTeflioat, to defend thofe parti
(then being rhe borders of his Fft-itei.) againft the Salvages.

ThisCountrey firft attempted by Franci/coGaraio,h\K theconqueftofit fini(hed by Corf^i.as before
is fliid : each ftriving, as it fecmeth, who (hould moft deface it , and be enrolled for the greateft Man-
JIajer of tht two. llut having carried on thecourfe of their Vidories almoft as far as to the River of
y^/wj/, they dcfifted there; either becanfe already glutted with humane bloud, or that the conqaeft of
thofe parts would not tjuit the charge, Infomnch as in all that Countrey from the River of Palms to the
Cape of //owW..' . though lying ail along on the Golf of Mexico ,the Spaniards have not one foot of ground:
fccure enough, becaule it lieth all along th>'!. Golf, that no other Nation can poffefTe it.

a. MF CHV AC AN hath on the North. Eaft, Panuco ; on the Eaft, Mexicana '» on the South
part of Tlafcala ; on the Weft , the mam Ocean ; an<* on the North the Province of Xalifco in Ncv> Gallt-
da. So called from the abundance of I ift> , which their Lakes and Rivers did afford them ; rhe word in
their own langua{;c (if nify-ing Lccum Pifcofnm, or aConntrey of Fijh.

The breadth hei cof on the Se a-Co.ifts is 80 leagues, in the borders towards Mexicana, but fixty one-
ly. The length I finde not yet agreed on, BIcft with an aire fo found and fweet, that fick Folk come hi-

Aaaaa 2 Uiec

!,^'il

!' li

1046

NOVA HISPANIA.

ECHUACAN.

lis

tber out of ochcr Countreys, to recover tbcir health. Well ftored with Riven, fomc Lakes, innumerable
fprings of running wakr,and here and there foine htt Bttthes ifTuing from'the Rocks. The loyl to plcn.i-
fully produftiveofall forts of Grain feven to admiration) I'^ct in forae parts hereof four mcafures of
Seed have brought forth 600 meafures of the fame Grain, in the following Harveft. Well woodrd, nnd
by reafon of its Springs and Rivers, full of excellent Failures < and yet not yielding unto any part oi all
America, for MeScinal Herbs, and Planti.of very Soveraign Nature for the good of Mar.kinde. It af-
fordcth alfo ftore o( Amber , Mulberry Trees, Silk, Wax, Honey, and fuch other things , as chiefly fertre
for Pomp and pleafure.

The people tall of ftature,butf)rong and.aAive : of a good wit, and skilled in many excellent Mu.ih-
f Azures. They fpeak four languages of their own ; but th.it molt generally ufed, is by the Spaniaras caU
led the TarafcHtm tongue ; which though it be an elegant and copious language, ye: moft of diem fpeak
the SpAmJh alio, More pliant to the manners and apparel of that Nation, than the re(V of Nm Spain
(che Mexicans excepted onely) and fo inclinable to the Gofjel, that tltey are alirofi all gairu>i from ihcic
old Idolutries. Infomuch that the whole Countrey being divided into 50 Panflies, every Pai ifli batti its
feveral Priefis and inferiour Miniftert, who in the language ol the place do inftruft the peopL , in which
they Preach to ihcm, and hear their Conftjfions : befidcs many Convcnti MiDominicMs , and AugnftiHt
Friers.

It containcth in it upwards of 1 50 Towns, or ^HrrtHghs.heMti fcattering Villages '■> 90 of which have
J-'rte Schools in them, and almoft every one a Sfittle foi r.Miel of tLe fuk. The principal thereof, i Ziw-
ifiutm, the feat of the old K\d^s oi Mechuachan ; in the firlt rimes oiCh, iftinniij in this Counrrey, made
a Bifliops See, till rcmovedto frf/fwdr. ThefirftBifhop, Trf/^* -w/ 2."' ""'«■ *.Ptif("'>' ofnogreit
note at prefcnt, but that the Biftiops See was removed th.th«r,Lc."'.i. .... ../fA;,a;iri.ra\vhichdi-

rtant 47 leagues. 3. 1'dUdolit, now the chief Citie of this Prov 11. ce, jnd iL- L fr jps Sic.removed hither
from PaftMitr, and r .^ finally fetled in a fair Catheir/il, An. i J44. fituste nea. a large Lakg ( faid to be
bigger then that of . ^ ' hich doth not onely afford the Cicie greaw ftore of Mm, but yieldeth theoi
the opportunity of fev. res which they take in ^oats upon the water. The Lake and Citie by

the Natives called Gnajai.^ 4. S Michael:, in the way from ■^■fexico (frwn which diftant about 40
leagues; to the filver Mi»es MXZacMectt. Firft built by Levis de VeUJ'co, then Vice-Roy oiMexicci , to
defend the people ofthis Province! from the C/;jr/'4mfr/l>.M > a barbarous , and hitherto an unconquercd
people who terribly molefl the Nations upon whom they hordn-. 5. i'./'^'/i^.r, built at the fame time by
the Ijid Velafco. 6. ConceptionJe Sdjlaa.ftventeen I- apues froni Valladolit,'ii from .4/f*/« > of the foun-
dation o( Martin Enriejun, the Vice lioy,An.i$}o. to be a St>ige for Traveller'i,in their journeys North-
wards. 7. Guaxanato, bordering on PtMuco,Sc not thr Tvim S J ago de Los Falles, rich in Mines of Silver.
Then on the Sea, we have 8. Acatlan.on the ho'dcrs oi iYcn' Ga/licia,iwo miles from the Ocean; A Town
ofnoieabove3oboures,witbalittleChurcii>but neig'iboured by a large and fafe Road for (hipping
(by the Spaniards called MaUcct) which inakes it feldom without the company of Saylers. 9 Nativi'
dad, (Of PortHs Nativitatu) a noted and convenient Haven , from whence they commonly fct fayl to the
Philippine Iflands ; pillagecl and burnt by Captain Cavendifi in his Circumnavi^atitn of the World.
I o. S. fogo (or S. fago de Buena SfcramA) a little on the South ofNativiJad j the fliores whereof are
faid to be full of Pearls. 1 1 . Cohma, ten leagues from the Sea, but more Souib tban the other , builc in
the year 1 522. by Gonfalvo de Sandoval. 12. Zacatula, by the Spaniards called Conception , fltuate oa
the lianks of a large ( but naroeleffe) River ; which rifing about the Citie of Tlafcala , paflcth by this
Town, and thence with two open mouths runneth into the Sea.

This Province, at the coming of the Spaniards hither, was a diflindl Kingdom of it felf , not fubjeA nor
fubordinate to the Kings oi Mexico^ax were moff of the Princes of thefe parts ; the Frontires of the King-
dom fenced with (lakes of wood.likea PalitAdo, to hinder any fuddcn incurfion of the Mexican Forces.
The lafl King called Tangajvan Bimiicha, fubmitted of his own accord to Cortex, An. 1 522. and willing-
ly offered himfelf to Bapiifin. But the Spaniards were not picafcd with either ,becaufe deprived thereby of
the fpoil of the Countrey. But at laft Nonnen, de Cnvnanfhea Prefident of the Courts of Juftice in Mexi-
co, picked a quarrel with bitn,accurcd him falfly (as is faid by the very Spaniards) of fomc pradifes againft
hisKiog^ burnt him alive with moil barbarous and unheard of cruelty, and foconfircated his eflate.

3 ■ yiiexicana, is bounded on the Eaft, with tbtGvlfofNew Spain i on tlie Weft, with Mechnachan :
on rhe North with Pannco, and fome part of NovaGallicia > on the South, with Tlafcala, and part of the
Southern Sea. So called from Mexico, the chief Citie not of this Province onely, but of all America.

It is in breadth from North to South, meafiiring by the Bay of Mexico, 1 30 leagues; thence growing
narrower in the midland parts hardly above (ixty i and on the (hores of Mare delZur, not above fcven*
teen. The length hereof extendeth from one Sea to the other, that is to fay, from the point of Lotos in
the Province oiPapantla, on theGolfof yMiPA/« to the Ha.i.i of Acapnlco, on the Southern Ocean : bu?
the determinate number ofmiles I do no where finde. Butmeafuringitfrom 17 degrees and an li^lf oi
Z<i/;rWf,untotbe22.and allowing fomething for the flopei ,we may conclude it to be much of the
kfigth, as it is breadth, that is to fay about 130 leagues.

1 he Countrey is inferiour to Peru in the plenty and purity of CoWand Silver,h\it far exceirding it both
in the Mechanical, and ingenious Arts, which arc here profeffed, and in the abundance of fruits and Cat.
t.l : of whith laft here is (uth ftore, that many a private man hath 40C00 Kir.e and Oxen to himfelf. Fift
h hue iM'o in great plenty ; that onely, which is drawn out of the Lal^ whereon MfAiVo ft.indctli , being"
ivpottcJ worth Jocoo Crowns yearly, to the Kings £Affc<'g«fr. Itepeoplefor thcmoftpart witty ant
inuLlhiois, full of valour and courage; goodHandycraftfnien, if they ftoop fo low as ro Trades and
Kamj.iflitrtt > rich Merchants, if they give tbemfclves 10 more gainluli traiiick ; And bard>' Souidiers, if

trained

Mexicana. nova HTSPANIA

1047

trained up and employed in (JEtvicc. Their ancient Arras vvtre Slings, and Arrows ; fince thecominfj of
the Sfaniards pradlifcd on the HarcubuKt. In a wordi what was fatd before of Ne-iv Spain in i;entral, as
to the Toy I and people of it, is mod appliable to this.

Chief Rivers hereof i . Zo/ To^m, which parteth this Province from that of r/w/f^/^ z.Citala, and
3. M»f/^, both running Eaftward towards tl«Gfr/f. 4. Papitgnio , in the way from Mexico to Acapulco •
with a fair bridge over it 5. Las Balf<u of a violent courfe , and in bigncfle equal unto Tagm in Spain \
paflahle oneiy by a bridge made of Rafts and Reeds, not very Wrongly joyned together. 6. Tuc River ol
S. Francu, both large and fwift, but in fome parts fordabte. Mountains of note I finde not any wliich re-
quire a more particular confidcration i and fo pafle them over the more eafily.

Towns of moft note in it, i . Uexico, the feat of an Archbi(hop,and of the Spamjh yice-Rtj, who hath
tlie power to make Laws and Ordinances.to give direftions, and determine controverdes » unltfle it be in
fuel eat caufes which are thought fit to be referred to the Council oi Spain. This Citie was tirft iituate
in tlie Laket and in.jnd5,like yenice i every where interlaced with the pleafant currents of irefli, and il-a-
watert » and tarry mg a face of more civil government than any of Americas though notbingjif compurcd
with Europe liut the Town being deftroyed by Cortcz., it was built afterwards on the firm Land.on the
ndgeoftheZ,4v,andborderinj!onalargeandfpaciousP/4»«. TheP/rf(«on which it bo.deredi, isfaid
to be 70 leagues in compafle, environed with high Hills 1 on the tops whereof the fiow iieth continu. I'y.
In the middle of which Plain are two great Lak^s^ the leaft of them fourty miles in circuit , the one lait,
and the other frefli : each of them alternately ebbing and flowing up into the oiher. On the Banks of the
ialt Lake (landcth the Citie of Mf 4r»co,with many other goodly Towns,and ftately hoults : on which Lake
alfo, 50000 Wherries are continually plying. The Town incotnpalTc fix miles, &containeth 6o:olnules
of Spaniards, Si 60000 Indians. It is a by. word, that at Mexico thei e are 4. fair tli ngs, vi<.. I'm tvomen,
the Apparel, the Horfes, and the Streets. Here is alfo a Printing. boufe, an Vniverjitj, and a Mint ; the
Cathedral Church.ten Convents of iVww.feveral bou(ciofIefmts,Dominicans..FranciJiaMs,An;^uJli>7iaMi,
and other Religious Orders i fome Colledges, many Spitles and Hoffitals , and other publick buildings of
great ftatc and beauty. By the Natives it was anciently called Temi/tatan, the name oiMe.vico being given
on a new occafion , of which more herealier : moft miferably endammaged by the breaking in of the wa-
ters. An 1629. which fwelled fo high that they not onely overwhelmed the meaner houfes , but the Vice-
Roys Palace ; drowned many thoufands of the people, and deftroyed the houftiold ftulf of the reft. Oc-
calioned by the avarice of the Kings Mirifters, who had inverted the money to their private u'j, v;!iich
Iboutd have fortified the banks. 2. 7et.cHco, fituatc on the fame Lakf^Mt fii leagues from M, xka \ here-
tofore twice as big as Sevil : and for the beauty of the ftreets.and elegancy of the houfes not in'criour to
any. Served with frcfh water from the Hills,brought in Pipes and Condniit,tboQgh ieatcd on the brink of
a Salt Lake. 3 . ^itlavaca, built wholly in the Lake like Venice, and therefore by the Sfaniards called
VenttMtla ; a Citie of 2000 houfholds : the way unto it over a Cawfej made of flints i half a league long,
and about twenty fpans in breadth. 4. Vi.tacpalapa, half in the Lake , and half without,with many ronds
of frcfh water ,and a beautifull Fountain. A Cuie of 1 0000 houHiolds.fix leagues from Tc^cMra.and two
from lAexico. J- }>'^exicaltdngo, a Burrough of 4000. and 6. Cujocan.onc of Oooo Families : both upon
the Lake : be.iutiticd in the times of their Paganifm with many Temples, fo gorgeouliy kt out to theOye,
that afar off they fcemed of filvet ; moft of them now converted into Monajteries, and Religioiu houfes.
7. Chnlnla, the faireft of all the Lake, fcarce excepting Mexic» , with which it anciently contended both
for ftate and bignefTc : laid to contain 20000 Families,and to be beautified with fo many Temples , that
their T« mts equalled the number of the dayes of the year. The people lo addided unto their Jdilatries,
liid To barbarous in their bloudy and beaftly Sacrifices ; that no fewer than 6000 Infants of both Sexes
were yearly murdered on their Altars. 8. Meftitlasi, feated on an high Hill.begirt about with mofl plea-
fantGrwfi, and (hady Woods. A Town ofabout 30000 inhabitants.the Villages about the Hill b.ing
reckoned in : fituate 1 4 leagues,or tw d dayes journey from Mexico, in the way to the Province of Panuco;
the high way on both fides fct with ftuitfull Trees, to the great comfort & refrefhrnent of the way- faring
man. 9. Clantinollepcr, twenty leagues from Ucftitlan, a Manoiir to which 40000 of the Natives do owe
fuit.and fervice. 10. /^Mrr/iefw«>ontheSoutboftheCitieofMfAr(V0,at tbefootoftheMoaurain PropO'
fMHpeche \ a T own belonging to the Marquis oi Valla, and feared in the moft delicious place of all Niw
Spain. 1 1 . Acachicha, on the North-Eaft of Mf A;(w,betwixt it and the &'o/j^,bordering on the Province of
Pepanth. i -■• . /fuapulci. an Haven Town of the South- fea, fituate on a fate and capaciou.^ ^.trjat the en-
trance ol it a le.tgae hroad.and in the body of it full ofconvenient Stations & Docks for (hipping : fo that
k is accon'f>ted the fafeft Haven of all tbofe Seas. At the bottom of it towards the Weft,ftands the Town
and Ca(^ie,the Caftle opportunely feated on a little fore-land both to command the Town.and fecure the
Port ; well walled and fortified with four very ftrong Bulwarks , on which are planted good ftore of
Ordnance ; the Garrifon confifting ordinarily of 400 Souidiers : ftrcngthened the rather in regard of
the ufual entercourfe, which is betwixt this Port and the Philippine Iflands.

The Original Inhabitants of this Countrey fas far at leaft as their Records are able to reach J were the
C^'frtimrr/w, now the moft rude and barbarous Savages of all thefe parts ; together with the Or««;»>/,
Somewhat more civil than the reft, but yet rude enough. By thefe ^ojjfjff^ till about the year 902. as it
is coijjtrtured from their >*»><(«//, when vanquiftied and diftciied by lome new comirs.whom they called
by one name N.tvafUcos : ilfuing as it is conceived from thofe parts oWatlicia Nova, which nre now cal-
led Nova MexKM.u An.yio. or thereabouts ; but lingring in their march, and wafting all the Countreyi
as they 1 ly before rlicm, ()t thefe there were feven Tribes in all, «. e the Sai:himiki, the Chalet' the Te-
panect , tlie Cttlv.t, the Tlajlui^i. the Tlafcalteca » all of them fetlcd in thefe parts, and the five firft about
the LakfybtiMC the coming in of the 7. Tribe, which was that of the Mexicans, fo called from Aitxi theit

A a a u ? chief

U^\

i\'\

'). 'I!

'•.**

[■f^:,

1048

NOVA HISPANIA. Mekicana*

'I I

chief Captain ; who much delighted with the fituation and convenience* of Tmiflit*n then a rained
town, caufed it to be rebuilt and beautiticd, by the name of Mexico, lliis town from that tunc forwards
was r.puted the hcad-Cky of their Commonviealth ; the fix Trii/es govening in common , or the Chiefs
rather of thole Iribes in the names of the whole , after an AriHocrAticM manner. 15ut wsai-y at the iaft
of this equal power, which the pitvalencie of fome Tribes had m ide very unequal % the MexicAHs, one •f
the wcakert of the Tnyes , oppreflied by the reft , refolved to feparate themlelves , and to commit the or-
dcringof their affairs to a King of their own. AtBrfleieAed by(hctnrelv<es,butafter\vard« whentliey
bad conquered moft of the other Tribes, the choice tntruded unto (iK,«neft»r every Trilv, f the TUff4-
uct which was the feventh of their Trihts , and the Founders of Tlttfcafa , governing themftlves lonfr
before , as a State apart ; ) who in their choice had an efpecial e^-e on thofe which were ftrong and xA^tve,
and fit for militai^ employments j the people holding it a commendable meriroriom aft to kill their
Kinps.if once they were reputed Cowards. The Politie and Infiitutes of this Mtxican Kingdom,! forbear
to write of, further then as they lie before me in the way of tlieir Story : digefted by the goveinment anti
liicccAion of their feveral King* , whofe names and adioni do occmte in die fbilowing Catalogue, of

The Kings of Mexico,

A.Ck

1373-

i?94-

1415.

MiS-

1 MumapitdifSefhcw to the King
oiCoHliacan, but oi t\kt MtxicM
blood by the Fathers fide , eleded
for the firft King* who joyned Co/*-
liacan and T<)nganc*m unto his E-
ftate , and fetled that kingdom at bit
death in the way oiEleSlion.

2 f'«V«t/»V*/»,fon of Acam4pitdiS»h'
ducd the Tribe of the SmchimiUhi^
and others of the neighbouring ^k•
tiont.

J HuivUhHiel fon oiVittihvitli, coOr
quered the Tribes of the Chtlce and
ChIvx, with many other Nations of
the old Inhabitants.

4 Chimttl PupMcaJoa o( HMidhbuUl,
won the Town oiTt<jmxfMi»c , and
reduced the rebellious CiM/f« under
his command.

5 Ifcoalt brother o( Hmdlihue/^hy tbfl
valour of his Coufinr/*:4f//ff, freed
bimfelf from t*'* yoke of the Tr^
fiec£ , to whom thii Mexicans bad
before been Tributaries ; and added
their dominions unto his eftate.con.
quering all the Nations round about
him. After vyhofe death the EUSitrt
by a joynt confent chofe TUcaelUi
for their King, as a man of whofe
vertue they had formerly made trial.
But he very nobly refufed it , faying,
that it was more convenient for tbe
Cotnmomweiilth,lhit another fliould
be King , and that he fliould execute
that which was for the neceflity of
the State, than to lay the whole bur-
den upon his back: and that without
bemg King, he would not leave to
labour for the pubiick,aswcllasif

A.Ch.

1438.

1467.

»479.

1484.

1502.

be wtre. Upon this generous rtfiiral
they made choice of Moteamo the
firft.

6 Motecumo , one of the Brothers of
Chima/pHpHc.i, hfouf^hi in the cuftom
of ufing no other Sacrifices at their
Coronations , but of fuch Pri^omrs
a% the new King fliould firft take in
the w Art. By the valour and good
fortine oiTlacttellec , he fubducd (o
many of the Nations ( whofe names
I bold unnecelfary to be here re-
peated) that be extended biicftate
from one Sea to the other.

7 Axaiacaci . the Nephew ai Ifchoalt
by his fon Taitjomoclicitieto , enlar-
ged his Empire by tbe conqucft vf
Tettntipeejue , 200 miles from Uexi-
CO, to lit himfelf withSacnticccibc
his Coronation ; and brought tbe
Lord of Tlatehlco who rebeDiii a-
gainft him , to fo hard a ftrei' ; that
he was forced to break hit .:'.:kfrom
the top of a fcmple.

g TicoicatK.i , the fon of A*jtjMaci,
added twelve Cities , with their
Territories , to the Mexican hm-
pire.

p AiucKMif , brother of Ticoicata,
extended his borders to GuatimaU,
repaired or rebuilt a great part of
lAexict, and brought thither a cbao-
nel of frefli water.
loMotecuma II. Son of Axaacaeif
before hit Coronation conquered
44 Cities. He ordained tli.it no /'iif-
ieian fliould bear any Office in hie
Court, and in the 18. year of his
Reign was fubdued by CortcK.,

As for this Ctrtet. , to whom the Spaniards ftand indebted for the Kingdom of lAexico, he was born in
Meddine > a 1 own oi Eflremaditram , 148). and jn the nineteenth yeer of his Age , employed himfelf in
the 1'rade and bufinefs oi America , for the improvement of his Fortunes , Amo 1 5 1 1 ■ he went as Clark.
unto the Treafurer for the Ifie otC«^<t,where he husbanded his Affairs fo well , by carrying over Kine,
Sheep, and Mares,and bringing Gold for them in Excbange.tbat in fliort time he was able to put in aooo
Caflellins for his ftock.as Partner with Andrei* de Diiero,& wealthy Mercbant.Grown riibi.r,he was takco
to be VtTtMrwth fames f'e/afejues, in theDifcoveryof7«^4/ri),and the fartsnttrf »cMta», An. 15 18.
Af d now refolved to venture all hit ftock both of fi-iendt & money , he furniflicd himfeU of eleven Ships,
and with 5 50 men ftt fail from Spain , and arrived at the Hand ofAcufamill ( now called iianta Crux : )

and

nti

iefs
lift

or-
<•*/-
ive.

T L A s c A L A. NOV A H I S P A N I A.

and failiiu; up the Kiver of T.il'^fo , fjckcd tlie Town oiPoiomlioK , the Inhabitants rclulini; to (ell him
viftual. Attci- thubythe litlpotliisHorfc and Ordinance , he diicomfited 40000 of the naked J'^TM^ct,
gniheri.J tositihtr to rcveni;j themfelves far the fackof that l'own;andieccived the King thereof in
vaUallage to ihe ( lown oi Spain, licing told that VVtftw.ird he (hould meet with foiiie /-I/mv ot Gold,
licturntd histt'unc lor ih; Haven of X ^o/j«</i 'C'/^/^i where landing lie was entertained by T'(«</i7/»,
(Jovcrnour oi tlic I own and Couiiirey for the Kingof /i/t.viw : who undcrftanding of his coming ,an(i
that he was ilic Servant oflo great an Hroperour (of which 7"m/»//.» had informed him byefpccial
Mvliengfrs ) he ftiit liim many riih Prcfcnts botli of Gold and Silver. Inflamed at thefiglK hereof, he
rcfolvcd to go unto the place where fuch Tmi/wrr/ were ; took po/Teflion of the Countrcy in the name
oiCkirks the i\U King of Sp.ii,i and bmpcrour ; and building there the t'own de U vcm Crux , left in if
1 50 of his men. Attended by no more then 400 1 oot , 1 5 Horfc,and fix pieces of Ordnance, hie purfucd
lus liiucrprize ; by pradice gained unto him thole i^fZempoal/an , and 'TlitfculU , whom he underHood
to be ill-atfeAtd to MttecMma : artilfed w.ih whofe forces he pafled on for Alcxico , facked the Town
aiChoUll.i fa i u\.n of4cocohoufl)oldi J in his march , kindly received into yWrAvto by the frighted
King , whom he tuuled to acknowledge himfelf a / '^i/Ji/// to Spuin , and to prefent him in the name of a
Tribute , with to ruuth fieafurc , as amounted to 1 60000 Cafiellins of Gold. A quarrell growing no:
long after , Mouctma the uniiappy King was by one of his own Subjefti killed in the Tumult , and the
A/),w/.!>-(/j- driven out of the Town. But aided with the whole forces of the 7"/<i/2-j/.(«y, and a recruit of
more ^pu»,.i)iis ( fent thither on a I3efign againlf him ) he made up an Army of 1 00000 Sttv.igcs , 900
Sp.u:ijh I oot, bo }{or(l-, 17 pieces of Ordnance : and having with grear diligence made ready a Navicof
I ; Cdhois, anu n^:o C.immsov IJoats ; laid fiepe unto the City both by Sta and Land. After a S ege of
thue nioniths , the ( ity is taketj, facked and b\in\t , yln^yfi 13. 1521. But afterwards rebuilt more
bcaiitilully ihen it was before. Thus fell this mighty Kingdom into the hands of"theJ'/>.iw><//, by the
\alour aud good lo;tunc of O^ff* , a private //(^ti«f/<rfA-; endowed for that good Service by C/,<»-/*t
the lift with the 1 own and Territory of Tccoanttfeque , in the Province oiGuaxat^ , and many other
lair tlfaics in tlie Province o^ Mcxicu, »nd dignified with the title of Marquefs oi'f'a//,i.

As tor the Kings of Mtxko . they art laid to have worn a Crtmn refembling that which is now ufed
by the Dukes ot ] mkt. His Coronmon held with great pomp , but moll bloody Sacrifices. His
/I'l VI nut ihoimhi to Le almoff infinite , raifed out of all Commodities and paid in kinde , whether N»'
tMwl'j- yI>tif:ci.iiot\\^ :iheKing participating of the fruits of all mens Z.(^o«^, and fliaring with them
in t -eir weakli : fomc paying in , Cups lull o' powder of Gold , of two hamiluls a piece ; fome, Diddems,
and Iliads of Gold ; Plates of Gold of three quarters of a yard long , and four fingers broad ; Thk-
j(Nj,.;toncs .Golden Tari.',ets,rkh feather- Pill wet , Sec. Not to fay any thing of matters of inferior
value : ail v, li^cli in fuch a wealthy and large effatc , muft needs affotd him a Revenue cquall to the grea-
tcll ;.;( narcli. And for the incouragement of his Souldiers and Men of War , here were ordained three
Orca » of KnigluimU , ( or at lead fuch dift indions of pet fonall merit , as had refemblance to fuch Or-
der?: ) thetiUf dilfin^uiditdby a AVd /fi^^rtw^/ , the fccond called the Ljon orTiger-Knight .andtbe
tl'.yii ti'.eG'/vy Knigk , all privileged amonglf other things to be clothed in Cof/ew , wear Breeches, to
adoiii ihemlelvcs with gold and filver , and to have Vcflell gilt or painted , high points, and not permit-
ted unto any wile. But it is time that 1 proceed to the reft of the Provinces.

.;. T LAS C A LA licthbtivvixt yV/(.v«M«.7, and CwdAvic^ extended from one Sea to the other. The
lci.j',t!i litnof Irom Sea toSea an hundred Leagues j the breadth along the fhores of the CwZ/reckoned
bo Leaguis , on the South Sea not above eighteen. So called from the abundance of. W.j/.o' which they
make their bread of i the word in I hat Language fignif j ing Locum pants , or the place of Bread , the fame
wall />'( ihh hi ,n in the Hi hrfw.

foe Couiitiey veiy plentifull both of Corn and Cattell , full of rich Paflures, and wonderfully ftored
with J/.i/ci ; f-vil and plain except towards the Sea, where occurreth a large chain of craggie Moun-
tains, llie ritlier in the fruits of Nature for thofe fair and pleafant Rivers .wherewith it is watered,
tile principal of ^vliith i. Aw (j'f 6'>/;.(/i'»i,focalledfrom 7o^»(/f Cri^<«/'&4, whofirff difcoveredit > em-
plo\cd herein hv ^www / (-/^/''/wf,* , tlie" advancer of Corrfi. 2 RiodeZempoAll fo called from the Town
w Zvir'p..!il.:;i about which itnleth. 3 Z<ii«<(ff , which makes its way thorow the chain of Mountains
bclorc (iiemioned ,aiid (allcihwith the former into the Go//. 4 /?wd(?Z<«Mf«/<i,aRiverofthe longeft
touiieiii all this I'ruvince ; rifing neerT/w/fd/.nand falling many Leagues off into AfaredelZur. The
rc(.%ile much of the tame nature with thofe of Alcxico , though upon jealoufiet of State their mod bittec
cncniies ; of whiJi the Spaniards made good ufe, to advance their Cooquefts on that Kiogdom.

Places oi riolf iniportance in >t ,TiafcaWn felf, which gives name to the Province: in former times
•;iu ei 11 . J aic .r the form of a Commonwealth , .iccording to the Democrtuical Models. Situate on a little

I iill bavvi\t two llivers : and m the middle of a l.irge , but pleafant Plain , 60 miles fn corapafs. So po-
pulous at the coming of the Spaniards hither, that it contained 300G00 Inhabitants > now fcarce 5C00C
it li id four Sueits for r.uher Quarters) each ofthem governed by a Captain in time of war : and in the
ii:!il Je!f a .\hr,.cc place f i) fair and fpacious , that 30COO perfons might affemble in it , to buy and felj, or
for any other huniicfs. zPutUadelos Angehs, (ihedtyjol Angels) but moft commonly yi»ff/o/ ; built
by Scl'ufttdn K.in.ini. , An. 1 5 3 1 . 111 the way from I'era Crux to the City of Mexico , from which laft 22
leagU!Cj Uiltai.t. A ijiiiiops S-re, and thought to contain in it i joo families. 3 Zempoallan, on the River fo

II i.:/ed , the Inlabit.iiits wlu-reof did great fervice to Perdinamk Cortet, in his con(\vtdlo( Alexico. 4 iV.*-
p///ri» ; of preat refort for a I lir ofCattel and tuch a kind of Court for ordering the trade thereof,
,\-, \s e call tlic I'ie-poipders. 5 Guaxocingo , a pleafant and well-peopled town , fituate at the foot of the
J^urnin.'^ :\io;;;uain baoremcntioiied.by the afhes and cmbeiswhe.'cof the fieJds are many times annoied.

6 SegHr4j

TO49

1050

NOVA HISPANIA. Guaxaca.

i'}t

l§

6 5( ?«>-.«, or Scvura de UFroniern ^'m the Region oiTepeM ,hM\\t hy CorteK the n.xt year after the
coiuuteft of/WfA/«,with fair ftrccts and handfome houlei ; by wliom peopled uirliS/j.wMr;^/. jyer*
Crux tlic firft town built in tills Countrey by the Paid Cort€t, , now a Bijhcps Sec : fituate neer unto the
Cnlf , and a f^reat thorow- far; from thence to the City of Mexico , from which diftant about 60 leas^ues.
8 ii-johndc t;//**!. the moft noted PortofallthiiProvincc;fencedwithaPeeragainrt the fiiryboihof
winds and fea ; defended naturally by Rocki and Qafckfands lying before it , and by two Bulwarks well
fortified and manned on both fides of the entrance, e Attdtllin , built by Cortet. An. j 525. and planted
with Spanittrtis : (o calL-d in memory of a town of the fame name in Fflrem.ihra , in which he was born;
fitoate on the banks of the River Almeria.

Ihe ThlfuUAHS were originally one of theyiwnTV.'/'M, which drave the C/;/f/';Wc.M out of their
pofleflions -. and either finding no room left for them on the Ranks of the Zjit^f, or elfe willing to fubfift
alone ; withdrttv themfelves from the reft, founded the City of TUfatU.tni there ereftcd a Democrat icil
Eftate. Stomacked for this by the other Triiet , and many times invaded by thole of Mexico , after they
had fubdued the reft ; they ftill maintained themfelves againft all attempts ; and in the end aHifted Cortex,
in the deftruftion of that Kingdom they fo deadly hated. Privileged for that reafon by the Sp(?«/jrJ/,
and exempted from all kind of tribute ( except it be ari handfull of Wheat for every pcrfon ) and fufftrecl
to live under his proteftion in the former Government. The Province given us by thi« name , fiia to
contain 200 good Towns and Burroughs, 1000 Villages and upwards; and in them 150000 of the
Natives , btfides Seanipj Colonies. Deftribnted into 36 CU^es or Rural Deanries , iot Ecclefiaflical
Government, in wnich are thought to be 3 Convents and Religious Houfcs.

5 GV AX AC A is bounded on the Weft , with TlafcaLt \ on the Eaft , with fticHtan, and Chiapa,
one of the Provinces of(7»<»f»w^/4j on the North, with the Bay of yl/c.v/fo ; and on the South, with
Marc del Zur. Extended on the South-fea to the length of an hundred miles , but on the Bay to fifty
only : in breadth from fea to fea where it bordcreth on Tlafcala , 1 20 leagues ; not above 60 where it
confineth on Chiapa. So called from Guaxaca once the chief town of thefe parts , now named
AHtequera.

The Air hereof very found and fweet.and the Soil as fruitfull : plentifull not only of tbofe commo-
dities which are common with the other Provinces of this Countrey ; but of fuch quantities ofSilkf , and
Here of Mulberries , that if the Nittivcs paid their Tithes as the Spaniards do , that very Revenue would
fiiffice to endow f've Biflibpricks, at good as that which is there alreadj. Scarce any River of thic
Countrey , bat hati "^^ands of Gold : fuch plenty of Coccinele ( a rich grain ufed in dying Scaf/ets, otWhich
before ; as alfo of C^;^<« 1 Gold , Silver , and other metals ; that if the people did but addc fome induftry
to the wealth of the Countrey, they might be the ) itheft men in all America. But being naturally Iloth-
full , and impatient of labour , they lofe all opportunities of gathering riches , and live but from hand to
mouth, as we ufe to fay. Docile enough , and fo indulgent unto thofe who take pains to teach them, that
here are reckoned no Convents of Dominican Friers , befides other Schools: thefe laft conceived the
greater nomber.

It is fubdivided into many particular provinces ( we may call thctn fVapentakes or Hundreds) as i Mi-
fteca, zTfttopeque , iZapoteca, ^Guaaacoalco , ^Gue^axatla, and 6t\\c f'ale of Guaxaca ilbK\a(l
moft memorable , in that it gave the title of Marqueffo del Valle , to the famous Cortet. Towns of moft
obfervation , i Teo^tpotlan , once the chief town of Zapoteca , and the feat of their King. 2 Ctiert'
lavaca , of great note for a Labyrinth not far off , hewn out of the Rock , but by whom none knowcth .
3 Anteejuera , in the Vallie otCuaxaca, a ftately City, and beautified with a fair Cathedral ; as that with
Marblet^pillars of great height and thicknefs. 4 S. lllifonfo in the Province of Zapoteca. j S. Jago in
the Valley of Nexapa , feateid upon a lofty hill. 6 Del Spiritu Santo , diftant about three leagues trom
the (hores of the Golf^ in the Province of Guat^acoaUo ; the foundation of Gonfalvo de Sandoval A-i 526.

7 Aguatulco , or Guatulco , a noted and convenient Port on the South-fea ; much ufed by thofe which
trade from Peru to Mexico , and from Mexico to any Port of tht Southern feas. By confequence rich ,
and therefore plundered to the purpofe both by Drake, and Cavendijh,ia their voyages about the world.

8 Tacoantepeejue 4 Port of the fame Sea alfo , but of far lefs note, burroughs and Villages in el 6$e.
inhabited by 1 50000 of the Natives liable to tribute, befides women and pcrfons under age, no', reckon-
ing the Spaniards in ihe'number.

6 fVCVTAN, envirofied on three parts by the Sea like a Demi-Uand , is fattened to the Con-
tinent only where it meets with Guaxaca\rhe furtheit point of it oppoHte to the Ille of C»^<t.Dircovered
firft by Firnandes de CWow4, employed therein by Don Chriftopher Morante , An. 1 5 1 7. and called
^ucHtan ,not as fome conceit it , from ^ofi^^w the fon of Hfifr, who they think came out of the /:".<,/?,
where the Scripture piaceth him (Gen.io.iq.) to inhabit here > but from Jucutan, which in the language
of the Countrey fignifieth , tyhatfayjou f For when the Spaniards at their firft coming hither asked the
name of the place ; the Savages not underftanding what they meant.teplied Jucutan.ihzx ii.whatfajjou?
whereupon the Spaniards always after called it by this name.

The compafsof it , taking the Province of Tahafca into the accompt , is faid to be 900 miles , or 300
leagues. The Air hot , and the Countrey deftitute of Rivers ; not otherwife provided of water but by
pits and trenches , which abundantly fupply that want. Sufficiently barren , the foile not bearing
Wheat , or any Europaan fruits , not many of the growth ofAmerict in other places. Nor have they
Minesof (7o/Jor J»7wr,or anyother Metal > to enrich the people ;uhomuft either live by trades and
labour , or elfe beg their bread. Nothing remarkable in the Countrey , but that here feemcd to be fome
remnants of Chrifiianitj ,m the Spani.irds firft coming hither : Uie people conftantly obferving a kind

■^

C A.

«r the

' {■ 'er,t
(othe

IgUCJ.
)tll ot"
is well
anted
born;

JUCUTAN.

NOVA HI SPAN I A.

1051

of Baptifm, which they call in th.u own language a fecond birth, txprellinf; by that word .1 i^e"n:v'.ul'» -,
n(K fuffenng any one to mirry until! (o »»iVurf(<. And pollible enough it u, thatt'iism \bllic. ou.i.
trey upon which yl/4<iof4f0»i'^« fell; who though he might by fome good hvtunc be broightb.icn to
ivaUs, yet that he (hould ni.ike any fucli li:cond voyai',e hither, ai it laid in their Chn>iii/tJ,t hy no r.cins

Towns of molt obfervation in it, i . Merida, alraoft in the navel of it, fituate in the 20 degree of La.
litHde J the ordinary feat of the Goveinoor, nnd the See of a Bifliof ; diltant from the Sea on each (id^-,
about twelve leaguti » and called thui from a Town of that name in Spain, vvi'ii .viiith it is cliouj^'tt to
have fome refembUncc. 2. Vulladolit, jo leagues from MericU, beaatiti. d with a molt fumptuous Mo-
nailery of francifcan Friers, j. Campnhc, for i'. francifco, m the Sp^ni.trdt c\\\ it) fiiUite on th- fiiurc
of the Golf. A rownwhenfirftknowntotheJ;)^Hi>ii/,of}oooHoul«, and btautihed with (lie. nio-
numents of art and induH ^y ; as Ihcwcd that there was fon'ewhat in this people which was no: h.irbarow,
fince that no more obfen ible, than for being (uddenly furprized by Parker , an En^liflj Capt. An 15 96.'
who carried away witb iim the Governour, the vfealth of the Town, and ma ly prironers;bcri<l.-4 a
great (hip full of Guid, Silver, and other the like precious Commodities, defigned fur the King of Spaint
own ufe. 4. T^t{co, (ituatc in the bed patt of this Countrey.fo different from all the reft ,th r it i< made
by fome a diftind province from it. By the Spaninrds called Villa de Nueftra a Senmra de la yHhria,
moft commonly VithrU onely i and that in memory of the fird fortunate viAory which Cortet. had upon
this people, arming themfelves agamft him for the facking oi Pontonchan. s.Pontonchar .iacktd by
Corfei. tor denyingto fupply him with vidual, 6. Salamanca, <o called with reference to a Town of chat
name in Spain.

Along the CoaftofthitCountrey lie many Idands.z/it,. i.LaZart.a. t. Defcomfdda. 3. Trianon-
Im. 4. Vermeia- <i.Los Negrillot. 6. L*t Jlacranes , all within the Golf. Without it, 7. Zuratan.
i. Pantoia. g.Lamanay. 10. /^yf/*fA*r«,ortheineofWomen; iiCowww/, by feme call, d /^c»V«.
mil. This laft the bigged, as 1 5 leagues long, 5 broad > and the molt remarkable, as being the ufu >. . ly
which i\\< Spaniards travelled in their difcoveries of this Countrey , from ihe (le ol Cuba For here firft
landed ferdinando di CordubaAa. I S 1 7 ■ who palling over to fucutan(hnt four i< agues diH 1' ') hroiif> c
back nothing but ftripct. Here the next year arrived /n^n ir Cjn},</z/d , in the lam purfuit. vv<o|>'iii g
by ^wcNMn to the Province of ^«(AV4r4, left bis name behindttiiin to a River. Anu finally li re l>i\ed
the rood fortanate Cortf^, who coafling about the Demi-/Jland,\tndtd aeitTabafco ,and iheic tirfl:
hanfclted his good fortune witb a notable vidory. Yet neither the I Hand nor Pcm'n/M/.idifcove'-eJper-
feAly, till the year ija/. when both fubdocd by Francifco de Monteio, to the Crov/n oiSpatn. Ihe
Itland now called if<t»M Cr«.v.

Bbbbb

1052

O F

G V A T I M A L A,

iur.n •

V AT I M AL A i« bounded on the North , by Juchimi , and the Golf o{[l
oil the South, with AUrt JtelZur ; on the haft, ( or the soutli.cift ratlici ) with C.ifltlU
Aureit i on the Weft , with AVtr SfAtn. Kxtended 300 Im^ucs in length , upon the (Jo»fti
ot Mare del Zwr ; but meafunni; by a ftrait line.noc .ibovc 240: thebradili thereof
I '00 Icaiiucs, wlieie broidcft i in moft phicei narrower. So called from GuAt<m,tU tlie chief

r rovime ; at ih.u t'rom the prime City of it , honoured with the fc.it of the (Jovernoui- , and the Ctmrti

ofjiiilhe.

ri'.L nature of the foil and people (' if diffaing in any material thinn from thofe before ) we will con-

filler in [In: View of thole feveral parts, into which this Countrey is divided. I he principal whereof,

1 Chl:^j■.t , •*. / 'rmpai. , 3 Gnaiima/a fpccially fo called , 4 HoniiMr.ii, J Niccru^u.i, / >,- igiiu. The reft of

l.;s nocc, cafily reduced to thefe.

I C UI A P A hath on the Weft, New Spam ; on the Kaft, J traf At ..on tlie North , part of
Ji«i/r,tH a' d , !/.«>•( (^f/Zwr, upon the South. Hxtended 40 leagues in length, not much Icfs in breadth ;
and antic tl^ inhabited by four Nations, all of icverall Lmpiiages.

The foil not very natural for Corn or Fruits , though I'ot-herbsbioui'ht from V^f/n thrive well, ai
dolieans and Lentilt: yet Vines and other richer fruits feldom tome to good ;;•)«/ wW/ they have,
whi«h yield a very pleafant pulp; and ifwell ordered , might be bro'it;ht to afford more protit. Theif
trocs , moft of cliem , greater thao in other places, as Pines, 0*Ks, Cedars, and the Cjprrj'i , /hole Woods
of n .limits , but the Nut not fo big as thoiie of Enropt- Some of their Trees yield lio/in , lo. '^^jcli preci-
ous a^ums , as in other places arc not ufual ; and fonic there are whofe Leaves btitif, di iLd into - powder,
affo d a foveraipn plaftcr for exnlceratt fores. And they have need tpt) often to makcuie ufthrfc
fl.:lh r/ , the Countrey being full o' Snal^ej and other venemous Creatures ( fome of the Smket no left
tli.'.n 10 foo! in le i,",th ) whofe poifon bcinu ftrong and deadly , dorh rc«iuiic fucli help?. Of the Pioptc
r.,)t! iiij; fin tular, that 1 have met with • but th.u they areraorew»</«c*i/andtxaft in n^intini^ .thaiidi^
veil of the Nicives.

To'ATS of rnnft note in it, i CiMJ^dilM/ , built by the J'/7i««wr(// in the Countrey of the riy,(;'f;f/>r,
artlic foot ofan hill fiiuareinaiound Plain .encompafled about with Mountains like an Amphitheatre :
;ii'tr*ird« madi a li fli >ps Sec, and priviledged by the Kings of .V/xhm to be governed by fiich (. ity-
Nt^;',ilhates as thty call AlcAides- zChiupa, tn a vale adjoyningi before the building of the other , of
JlUll^ note in this I'rovinfc : yet ffill before it in regard of its fituation .thi'. V illey kiiit; hciter fraui',ht
with I'ears , Apples, V^'hlar ard AUici, than all the reft of the Countrey. 5 Teepatl^n, onte the thief of
(lieZ(47»fj piiHifred of ;5 Villife<i in this Provime i now beautified witha Monallery of/)()w»«»f<«)»
liir-. ^Cap.7n.n;tt.:U /.he [irint prill Town of twenty five, which the ««f/f»ej held in this traft ;rc-
iiwiNable for MP.lnni! bi:t a (.onvtnt oF thefime/)ow««ifww. 5 i$'.5<«"'^?'/wfji'.r, another town in the
tirr.tury of t!ie ( imt ^nek>:es • nter which is faid to he a great Pit , or opening of the e.iali , into which
il . ny m nc.Ulsa fton ■ , thoui'h never fo In tie .there prefently followeth aloud and fcarfullnoifc.liiiea
ilaptt iliundi-r, 6 C"*fti //■<«, built by yrf/ro «/(^ y4/r'<iriWi, when he w-isGovernour of thefe parrs ; the
tliiei loun of a I tie rtKVirct called JofCKUj'fo. 7 CafapMalca , a fm»\\ Rurrougli , but ineroorable for a
V\' 11 111 the fields adjoyning the waters whereof arc noted to rife and fall , astheOcc ■, dorh flow or
ebbc.and at equall diftanccs of time. Of thirteen Townfliips which the Zc/M/f/ wire pofl^iffed of , I
finde no one named i though painted all oftbcm.indfe: forth to the eye of the Traveller, with Ce«»»r/f,
ot whith their lerritory hath good plenty.

And now 1 am fallen upon thefe Raritiet of Nature, I cannot but take notice ( though fomewhat
out of my Method) of a River by the ^/)rt»».ir</^ called /?(o ^/^wo , which turns wood to ftones : of a
Spring in the Cwtrcd of 7"<(//.vrf , whch in the Smrincr is full of water, in the Winter dry ; of another
in the lame C.tntrcd, wl'ith for one three years, though it rain never fo little, is full of water, and the next
three years hath none .it all ; and fofuccefUvely by turns : and finally , that the chief River of the Pro-
vince , Iiavingrcccived into it many lefTer ftreams, is fwallowed up neer a Village of the Chupenfj, called
Oii>ni.:>! . never alter fien. None of them famed for Golden Savds ,».% are thofe ofC7»/«jf^/<« ; though it be
tliought (here be fume Veins of gold and filver , but hitherto negledcd for want ot Slaves to work the

z I'F.XAPA/ is bounded on the Weft, with ChUpa ; on the Eaft, with Guatimala, and Homiura ;
on the North , witli , .icut.iu ; and on the South , with the Territory of Socinufco- In Liitine called Fro-
ziihi.t J er.i V.ici- b\- the Spari.trdt VcrapcK, • beraufe not conquered by thtfword , but won to the obedi-
tiiif ol the King of Spain, by the preaching of tlicDcwiw/Vdw Friers.

■JheCointiev ■(> l.c.iguis in length, and annucli in breadih , full of high -\\,. ind deep Valleys , but
no rruitfull plains, peiieially overgrown with Woods .very large and thick, . Sichlo hinder the ree
p.iff ge of the winds, that tf.e Aire hereof is very ftiewcry : Infomiah that for nine moneths in the
J e.'.r tlity liave alV'.My? rain,rot altogether tree from it in the other thrce.liy reafon of this moyfture much

annoyed

G U A T I M A L A.

GUATIMALA

{cfqriti, ;i kiiidt udJn.rti, very injiirimn to their 1 riiir* , with wliiJi oticiw ic (.i". nidi
cKlliiikv tiicy wtif well provrdtii No /l///,',MifCi(ilJ , or Silver diiaiwut. iirkrto.

105'^

annoyed with Mcfqt
1 ifliandotlur iKi«ll

tliouj'Ji i\\iSp.wi,trds\.wcn\%n\; tin'cin vain at ten. (if ed it. Iiille<ad wlierti)r(M;;iC«ft!i^'ir Trctstliop.i
kindeol /fm/xr, wliiijulieyfill LicfHil unibtr ; Uwk, M.ijiuli^ and toineotlier,Uunii : tlicj Ii.ueallo
many Attdninn! Wdi-d?, a> ,S.i>i.ap,iri//,i,t\\M lalltd ChinA wood, and nuny otiuT'.

llie people tr.id.iM. and lonlorm to tlu'.i'/).<«///)Ciovcrntnei,c, except tlie Iacikj. in , and P.itlrnri,
iomc Rtmaiii('.erkot iiie:'niient Jrf/i/ii^fi . wdo kecpini', in tlic Moiinta n« and era ';;y RoiKs ri .ms
Countrey, hivehulierto retained both their Native inedom, andihiitolJ ldul,itriti. Wo Utwrskreiii
pu(L-ired hy the Sfa>iurd,MA but lourceen Villages in all, in uh.ch ihev live in,.i(;.eJ Ai.h (he olo Inli.i.
bitaiiK. I'hc printipalotchclc St. //«;.; «//"•( /.HOC h> niich memorahL' m ic (cli ,,is loitlic nei;;iihnu,..
hoodof a C'.iz I betwixt two Mountains ; trtmi all ill ilie Uiin dtlici.di j; turns into /.'/.///.///ir, natural-
ly t'jlhioneJ into Pill.irs and other I'oiirirMiHrei into which alio m nv Sprin; sdoconvey ihtJi watirJ,
which there btini', joyiicd into a body, make an handlom Kiver,. b'ealmoll at the fit (I apinara' cc to
bear a I'.oar. A I'oi: they alio have at the bottom o( an Arniolrhe Sea, tailed Cdfo Dnlce : b 1 1 loljr.
lie life and Tradini',,tlut 1 tinde no name for it, ualifle it fliuuid be that 7 <..(/>,< ivliith Hirnr.i lpe.iks of, .
by whom placed in GKMiniitLt.

^ G V AT I At A L A fpeciaily fo called, isboundeJon tlic Wtrt.with J'crtipni,, from wh.th part-
ed by the Kiver .\u>il.ipii ; on the Hali.wit'. /V/Ww;;//.! ; on the Nonii.with Htinclnr.h ; and 01 ilio vatrh,
\Knh AJ^i i ,l4 1 Ziirt ill the Pacific^mOcra.i. Kxtendtd ?o leagues ii-oni the Noiti. o .lie.Siaitii, ad on
lliediotesot'J/.in i\il/.tir, not above (eventeen. Hutretkfiningin ? <,(/t£<j,C/.»/..nt t.ands. .s„mo.- r/,
tlueeadjoyoiiij; A'i,^ic«/, by fome made I'rovinces diftinft ; the diraenlions of ic niu'l be n-:Ui!i g cater
l'Ot!i lor length uiiU biiadth.

Tile l.ountrcy .N'.t)i.nrain«)ii>, but withall very full of /{/fcr/ j by confeqnence commodious, both for
fi(hiiu', and bunf;r'.(^. 1 ruitlulloi Wheat, yl/,(;.;f, and otiier I'rdviliosis, but ihofeliutMioi lalt.ii^. Not
fo niudi liihjirt uiiorain as they are in l'tr,ipAi,)iM more troubled with u nds. 1 II ol i.wi I'artures,
and taofeP.ifturcso! great Heardtol Cattel. (joodflorcofCotion-vvool ,lome B.:li.iriiiim, aid other
yl /(li.i. •>?../ 1 Hpiors -as alfoot the beftJ'«/^/;«c, and many /</)(;//« (.iWr J Uru,i!',i»lrih I have no iiiill oC,
TlK! people I'litiiian.nious and liarfull, greater proficients in C/)>-/7^j.(n;/j and c, viltty, than inoft 01 ihe
Sitlvii^i 1 ; but lo that ir it thought they would reUf (e again to their .iniitnt '.^tt^umlm , and revive ag.in
tlieirold baibarousitiUomsifnot held in by the bridle of fear , and the curb ot power. Iheuieii af-
firmed ro be j;ood Archei s and the Woman good .Spinners.

ChietRivtis hereof i. C»<«£.</»rt, a River ol a courfe but of 1 } leagues , yet of ^^reat depth, and N.i-
vigablch.'lf the way ; which taliethinto/i/^rf ^/(//^//y, z. Lonp.i^ , waterint; the lluinnmh ot' St..i'.i.
■vioHrs , whitli hnih its rife from a great Z,4^ , and his fall in the lame Sea alfo. Here is .iilo t.iid to be a
i,.r(T near the Vul ige ol //. piijm^ot the waters whercol are made both Snlplmr and JlLm. Aad here
IS laid lobe a / o/(.:w,j, or buriiin^ Mountain, which ihoufih it hatli vo-^jtcd no i ire ofl irc,tlie ratter of
n being fpent ; yet die (aid Monuments of his I uncs do remain among them i another noi iar oil which
Aill cnlts out tmoak.

Towns of moll note 1 . Gnutim,iU^ or St. Jagt <ie GHaiinuiU, the ciref Town of ilic Province , litu.ite
finalitileRiver betwixt both; /(Avo.f. by oneof which moll terribly w.fled, Anno 1541. l.utbii;.g re-
edified, It hath lime exccfJiiigiy flourirtied, byreafon of the liifliopsSee, therililencc or riic (ji-v.r-
nour, and the t ourts of Ji.flite ; St. Salvador, 40 leagues Hall-wards from Cu.ui/ru/.t, by :lie N.iuvcs
railed G'«s.( n/./« ; fituatc o'l the KiverC«,jM;7rf,feven Ieii',ue5 from the Sea , and nculibourcd by .1 ;;ieac
LnKeof hve lt.'.'iae5toin,>afle. 3. Ac.txutla, at the mouth of the fame River , the Poi c Town to s.. s.i-
vkiirs 4. St. y rini.Ud, by the Natives called Stmfonatc, the moft noted Emporj of this Countiey ; the
I'lHte of tiarcery belwix: the Inhabitants of AVw Spain, and thofe of IVr«. 5 St. Mkh.iels, two leaj^ues
J'rom the Bay '^* fi^njec^i, which (ei ves unto it for an Haven. 6. Xmi de Li Fontcr.i, thcihief Toun of the
Oxrrc^oi c'/»«/«ra.(» (by which name it was formerly known) Ikuate on the 1 rentiers to .v.ud. A'/m-
jvjjw.i, and to the South-Hart of the Bay of fox/icfl.-that Bay fo named in honour of Rcderii\ foircctt
liilhop of /)nr^fs, and ['njidint of the Councel for the Judiis, An. 1532. by Giks Gonfaki Jc Avi/.i,\\ho
lirlldillovered it. About and in this Bay arc ten liuleillandSjfourof which inhabited, and plentifully
iiirnifhid with A'ood, Water, and Salt.

4 Ho N DZJ R A hath on the South, Citatir»a/.i (jucialiy fo culled ; on the Wert.thc Day , or Arm
«f the Sea, tailed Golfo /></«, by which parted from / cr.ip.i^ : on the Nortli.atid Had, the Sea caJed M.trc
del Niirt ; on the Soutli-H<ilt, KkuragHa < on the South, Guatimnl.i , fpeciaily fo called. In kngtli from
tall to Wtlt by the /?ark> of that Sea 1 jo Ieaj:;ue5,and about 80 leagues in breadth from North i • Soutii.
l lie name ot Hondm-.n, or fondm-.u impoftd upon it from the depth of the Sca.about the principal Head-
land of It, called the Cape o(Hc>:Jtir.is,

The whole Ccmtrey either 1 Mis, or V.illics, little Ckimpagnc in it ; fruicfull of MaU: and Wheat,
iiiid of very rich I'aflurage ; made io by the conllant overflowings of their Rivers about A/ickwlm^jji- ;
which do not oriely liijl their grounds , but v.ate;- their Gardens. The principal of them. i. Hhk^a.
r4, z.GkinMlueon. 5. 'e/'/»^, all neighboured by fertile fields, and pleala.it Meadows. Some Mines o\
Gold and Silver are conceived to be here , but not yet dilcovered : the people being fo ilothfull and v\.
yen toioiciielie , that they rather live on Roots , than take pains in tilling of their Land; and there-
lore not cili'y intreaied to toyl for other.*, but where ncccflity and (Irong hand do cotnpell chtm

Bhbbb ?

Townf

I HI

,■**•'

<.H^

1054 GUAriMALA. Nicaragua.

1 own? of rcoO note, 1 l'.tll.ililit,\)<j ilie N.itive* called Comrny.i^iu, ho le.ii'im J.ll.ii'.t from tl;j Scj.
Situ.ue mapU.vlant.ind Ouitt ill Valley, on ihc banks oft he Kivcr c/).(>w,//»«ri/M ; and honoured vvitli .1
Hill.ojjj See, lixcd here about tlie>ear 1558 built i car the pl.icc where once /•:•,(«< ;/40 </.■ .lA^n/o.CJo-
vcrniiur of thu Province had pi mtcd a Colo IV of J|>,i)t»,irJ/, Anno ijio. by the' n.irnfol' S Af.m.nle
Cimmj.igHA z 6 racits di Uios, }o league* Welt.ward of / uli.uluHi , builc by Hal/ru-i </< /tey.u, An. r j ?o.
to hi a ;lafe ot deftnte tot tliofe who worked in the Atinn , at^ainli the Suv.tf^f s. Hut Imdini; hirnUII
unable to make it f;ood , he defaced and kfc it ; llodified apainby6'#i«/..7i'»\yf y^/i.ir.j/a, and lince
Utll miiiibitcd. 3. yPctirs, eleven leai'ue»diftant from the Tort of Cavalta, but It-.tcd m a mod heal-
thy aire i and therelbrc made the dwellmp place of the Farmers of the Kings Cnp/»es , vlio have thcif
huuies in tliu own, and follow their bufinefT. in the oihir, atoccinon is. 4. 1'ono dc C.iv.i/hr, to caU
led from I'omc horfes thrown over-board in a violent 1 emped v the mof> not.d 1-lavcn of thcl.' parts.ani
flron^! by natural fituatio'i : but lo ill ^uarded and defended , that in tlie ^ear I J91. ic wis pill.it%-d by
Captain Cbrijiopher Newport, sud /In. 1 596. by Sir Anthony Sberley. Deferred on thole Ipiiils, and not
ftnte inhabited. 5. S. ThoihM ile CifiiU, 18 leaj^uej from C.tvallos , naturally (fronj^ . and foitilied ac-
cord inp to the Kuei ot Art uouhnh.aiitoaplaceof more ftren^th and lafety, /fZ/tw^ /;,;,i./u(/c o
fiilu I refident of the Siflions of Lln.itimiiU , removed both the Inhabitann and I r.ide of Cav.illus.
6. TrrixUlo. feated on the rifing of a little Hill betwixt two Rivers f diic ol ihcm that which it called
HagHAra) diftant from Cavallm 40 leapiies to the Eaff, and 60 leagues to the North of I'alladvlit : fur-
pri/rd and pillaged by the fM^r/»y7^ An. 1576. Not far hrnce towards t lie North- hilt luth ihc Ciff of
Ho>idiir,ii, from whence the fliure drawing; inwards till it joyn with ?»f »f,m, makes up a lai ge and jjood-
ly l»ay called the Golf of Hondiir.ii 7. S. George de Ol.tncho , fo named of the Vi lly O/.imlio , in wliiili it
is feated i a Vally noted heretofore lor fome golJen SAnds, which Gu.ij.ipr, a River of it , was then laid to
yield.

5. N IC AR AGV A K bounded on the North, with HondnrM ; on the Eaft, ivith Mve del A'ort
and the Province of frragMa ; on the South, with Mgre ielZur , on the Welf, with GumimaU hy /i<-
daco Lopi K. de Salfedo, uhofirft fubdued it, it was called the New Kingdom ot'Leon ; bat the old name by
which :hey 'xund it called at their coming thither, would not fo be loir.

I he Countrey deftitLtt nt Rivers.cxcept that part hereof towardi rfM^«<i,tallcd Coft.i Rica, reckoned
a Province ol it felf. I he want hereof fupplicd by a great L^ke , or a little Sea, called the Lake of AVm-
r<«^«^, 1 20 leagues in compafl",ebbinR«nd flowing like the Sea V upon the banks of which ftand many
pleaitnt Villages and fingle houfei. A Lake well ftored with fifh, but as full of CrncoMles : and having
made.its way by a mighty Catarafi,: mptiith it felfinto Sea about four leagues off. Not wry rich i- >rn,
("moft of which is brought them fi om Peru) but well ftored with Cattel : level a id plain, and f ed

with freauent i recs ; one amongft others of that nature, that a man cannot touch any part of t

wif heretli prefently. Affirmed ro h, as full of P arrets, as i:«ff/W of Crows ; fforcd with great picnty of
Cotton wool, :>nd abundance of .fwr'.ir caries. Fn a word fo plcafing generally to the eye , that the S/i4-
ftiards call it by the name of Mahomet s Paradife-

I he people for the rao.'^ part, fpeak tiie -pamf) longue.and willingly conform themfelves to the Spanifij

Jiarb, both of beh viour at'd appai cl : will weaned from their old barbarous cuftomes , retained ondy by
bine Moo ita;ners, whom 'h.y call Chomales. Ail of good ftature,and of colour indilTei ent white. 1 hey
bad hifor« they rec-.ived Chnftianity. a Ictled and politick form of government Oncly as Mon appointed
no Law for a niapt killing 01 his I a' her , fo had this people none for the killer of a King 1 both of them
conceiting that men were not fo unnatural, as to commit fuch crimes. A ThieJ they judged not to death,
but adjudged him to be ft.ive to that man whom he lud robbed , till by his fervicc he had made latitfa-
dion. A courfe more mercifull and not kffejuft, than the lofTe of life.

Chief Towns hereof i Leon, or Leon de Nicaragua , ii' uate on the Lah aforefaid , the Refidrncc of
the Governour,and the Bifiips See ; built m a larnly loyl, and begirt with Woods. 2 Gr.wada , on the
fame Z<ij^r,rixteen leagues from Zr0M 'be.iurificd with a fair Church and al>rong Caille, both founded
by Ferdinaudo de Cordova : the Citie f.aed in a liberal and wealthy foyi, well furnidied with Sugar-ctnet;
for the refining of which here are many ffDr4_ /;»«/«, wh.th theycall higtnios. i.Setovia, dilfantfrom
the former about 30 leagues, rich in veins of fliver. 4. ^<trK, (all called according lotiie n.imcs of fome
Towns in Spain) fituate at the end of the Lake aforefaid ; from whence by a long and narrow Channel
it difembogueth into the Sea, near the Port ofS.f ohn. 5 . Realeio, about a league ddtant from the Port of
Pojjejfron, m the Latitude of 1 2 degrees and 40 minutes i inhabited for the moft part , by Shipwrights and
Matrincrs. 6. iVi'feM.givingnaraetoalittle I'erritoiy, within the bounds whereof ftandeth 7. Avarines
alio. 8. Cartago, 40 leagues from Nicoia, equally diftant from both Seas, on each of which it hath a con-
venient Putt : this Town the principal of that part, which it called Coft.i Rica.

6.VER A CV A hath on the Weft, Cofla Rica ; on th; Eaft, bounded with the DifiriEl of Pana-
ma '< walhed on both other fides by the Sea : extended 50 leagues in length from Weft to Eaft-,noi above
25. where iiarrowef>, from one Sea to the other. The name given to it from the River Veragita, of great-
elt note m it at the firft Difcovery.

The fbyl hereof Mountainous and exceeding barren, not fit for ttllage,and leffc ufefull in fa'dmg Cat-
tel > luffiiicnth provided of^«w and Tot-herbs: but elfeof little ncteffary for the life of man i unleflie
the people could Ciit filzer, or drink Aurstm Potabile. Of both which Metals , but el'pecially of Gold, here
are filth never. pcrifhing/l/;'wj, that the 'i/^^wKt*-*^.; think them able to fupply all wants , and cure all
Difcales. Once being asked what made ihera fo greedy of that Metal 1 it was aniwered , Tktt thej wirt

much

■ws;

A«

E R A G U A.

GUATIMALA.

105^5

mHch txmhli'd nithc^rirfefhtart , for whirl) Gold m.ti .: mijl SovnAi<^n Mriliciw. An J :< (lie ( 'ountrcy,
luth tlic {^eoplc, li.ii ay , courapioui, ar.d w.irlike, and (ttli as k.ir (lie Spanif/i yoke wiili rreat imp.ittnc.-;
the ttoutcll and moft untamcable peopU- , bem ' bnid moll commonly la Mount.iinoui and woudy
Counticys.

Chief llivttJ of ehii little I'rovince, i.J'er^^H.i which Rives name unto it. t. /le/e>i,by the old Inli.i-
biiinti called Y(l>rd ; at the mouth ot whith Ci'lnmbiu purpoicd to have fetlcd a Sp.wi,ii Colonic, tor the
btuct tranlpoitm^ othiiG'oW. Hut hndini; that the Channel, on theceatiii" ut lomc i am which had
talkii before, was become lo (hallow, (hit no (hip could go in, or out , he f.^«ve over (hat purpofc
^, L^Trirndttd. ^. LitConccpti»n\t\\ia\\ing\WO Aturi del Nort. Iheirchief lowni, I. C once fitun, on
the Mouth ot that River, the (cat of the CJovcrnour. 2. Z,47'm«J.«<, on the banks of that Ilivcr, near
fliePoit of fif/rn, andfuleapueihaft-wardiof AjO»«ffM»«. 3 St.fojr ( opjudum St. Fidu) twelve
league! from Conception on the South i where the Spaniards melt, and call their uuld into Barf and In<
fjoti. 4. Or/oi, not fir from the flioi^ of ^.w(/«'/Z«r. 5. P/);7«;>fi»<«, on the Weft of Cw/u/. Hicli
ieated on a large and capacious Hay. Before which Bays lie a 1 rie ot lllandf , which the i'pani.irds tall
Ztliaio , from the chief amongll them. 1 hirty in all ; the principal, Z<'i^fo, C\il/.iie, St.A/arit; St. M,ir-
ri!»4, inhabifcd in former tinKS, now not much frequented ; the people beini'drag^d into tkeCWiW»t
(0 frork in the Mtnts.

ThitC'ounti-cy owcth id firft Difcovcry onto divert men, according to the feveral Members and divi..
fioniofit. Thelaft inorder,beingtheflr(lthat wasd.Tcovered.buttbelaft tbatwasconquered.had the
honour to be vificed by Coltimbm himfcif Who driving up and down thefe Coafti in the year 1 502. hie
on the entrances of the River , which afterwards he caufcd to be called Belen ; where heai in^i that there
was plenty oiGtU in the Mines of Hurira not far off , lie intended to fortihs. But the River failing him
« W.11 faid beforc.and finding nothing fit to fuflain his men ; hcbent himfelf.though unwilling, to a fur.
ihcr fcarcb. He had before touched upon Hondurat alfo, but 1 finde not that he landed on it : the fetling
of thefe Countreys being dedinatcd to another hand. Twenty years after this the moR fortunate C«r/rx
having fiilly quieted and compofcd the afTairi of .4frxiro, rcfolved to make his Matter Lord of the reft of
America. And to that end fent out hit Officers and Commanders into feveral parts. By Pedro de Alvt-
rado he fubdued Ciiatimala \ Htndura, by Chriflofhtr de Olid : VtragHti, and Nicaragua, by Cenfalvo de
Corinba. But fearing kit the conquered Provinces ffligbi revolt again, he rcfulved to vifit then in pcr-
ibn. Attended by a choilc Bind of 1 50 horfe, and ai many foot, and 3 000 Mexicans fit began hit jour-
ney in OfF^^fr 1524. and held onhitpTogrci[rea(farMtoTrMxi//i).' where finding tbas Gimfalet de
Cordova had lo plaid hii Game , as there wit ao ncceH^'y of going further, he made a (land, having
nurched above 400 leagues with hit little Army. Return 1 1 ig back another way, in April i $ 26. he cam*
home to Mexici ; with whofe rctorn we conclude alfo our (urvey of (be Northern Pcwh/hI^', contain,
ing all Amtric4 Septentrionalis, or MtxifS,

And fo Bnich for Mexkstis.

I ¥?

■I

11 h

•iil

Bbbb 3

y .

./■

1C56

O F

PERUANA.

FEZ! AN A, tlieollicr of thetwof.rc.it /•< «i«/h/.«, into wliitlu lie v.ilKJontincnt of
the NEn H'ORLD doili now Hand divided, li.uluiie torm dl ;i );)'•'»"' awirllvl:
more anlwcably tliereunto than Afiuk., tlioiiglithatfoitrinibltd Jojiud lo ilit (.ilur
by .1 nr.iicand :i.iiio\v j/?/;w/«, called the Straits odXtrim , whcit'if ivtlhall liaveoinioi.
tunity toTpeak more anon : whicli looks but like .1 Hone iiuULuJ in (o great .1 buildm- ; or
the firfl (Tc'p.by which we are to climb the top, .i« in otlur Pjr.mnJs.

Ihc name derived from r(r«,ihechiefProvinteot' it ; tlicCiVt«w«,iw,j.in»» faid to be 1700 miles.
Noihinjielfe to be (aid in the i^cneral, but what will Itrvc more fitly lo^ (urtitul.ir places ; exapt it be
the defcription of fome prime Mountains ?nd principal Rivets : whuh b.inf.' ot too lonp a lotirie to be
reckoned unto anyone particulcr I'rovinee, may more properiv iis'irveplatv. liae. Olthtlctlcilutf
I . Orf/Lina.or the River ol y;w<iw«/, called by the tirft name tfom }-r,>nctJc/> de OrelUna, a Spani.trcl, who
firltdilcovercdk vby thefecond, rronuhey^w,i«i//;/,ahindeot Itou; ami wjrliki- V\ (jii:;n, w!.o a: c laid
to have inhabited on the banks thereof. Ihe lountjin of it in rf>« ,ilie lull in .lit rviurtl: Sea , orNLxr
dflNcrt. AKivcr of fo longarourfe, thatthc fiiidOri//rf«u isri.i,i).'ttJ tohavelaylcd i 1 it scGoiniki,
the feveral windings and turnings of It beinj; reckoned in : and of in violent a curtmr, that it is laid t.i
keep its naturaltafleandcolour, above 30 m'lcs after it falleth into the Seai ihcLlianiAlof ii of that
breadth, where ii Icareth the Land , that it is accompted 60 leaj^ues from one puinc to the other. 2. (),e-
fwquc. Navigable 1000 miles by fliipt of burden, and ;aco miles by doats and finrMn . havinjj 1 eieived
into it an hund'-ed Rivers , opereth into thefame Sea with iCmomhs.wiixhpaittlieLarth into ni.iiiu
Iflands (fome equal to the Iflc of iright:) the mon remote ofthofe Channels 3^,0 miles diUaiit Irom
one another. By fonie u is called R.din>n, f om Sir }t>alt(r falii;^l>, who rook .m eat puns in the diltovci v
anddcViiptionof i'; or rather in diico* .iingit fofar, as to be able todeftr.bc it. 3 M.(r,;^»,„«, ol a
longer eodrfc than ivny of :h'- other, affi; tied to mcafurc at the leaft 6cgo miles, fror.i hislirltnling i-i
his fall ; and at his fall into the Sea, to be no lefle than 70 leagues from one fide to il;e othu . Mc; e pi «>.
pcrly to be called a Sea, than many of thofe great LukruOi lirgeft Ca^^s, whiili i.'^i illy cnjciy that nime.
4./f(i)df /« WrfM, aRiverof a leffe courfeihaii theotiicr.buttqualunioniolt ir..i. w.nid hiliJcs-, 111
length from its firft Tountain 2000 mile, in breadth at his fall into ilie.Sca . about oo Icagut.'i ; and ol m
vioTent a ilrenm, th»r rhe .Sei for mtny league-. tog°ther, iltctctli not the tafle of i". All ..'ule.is they d«i
end their Race 'i' rhe AtUmick., (o they begin it from the main body of the Jn.ks, or at the Icalt ioi.x
Spur, or brai.eli ef that gnai body.

Butbeforeweventurelurther on more particul.irs,wearetotcIl you oriiuCe A.'.a-s , iliai they .n.
the rjreatell and moft noted Mountains of all Amtrici ; beginning at Timaw.i a i own ol J\p.i):i/i, 111 iJie
New l\t.i\molCrM^J.i ; and thente extended South wards ro the llraitsof //4^i//,(« , ior the lii.ue-if
•. coo leagues and upwai Jv In bre.idth about :o leagues, where they arc ar the iiatrowcft ; and of lo
X aft ..'n height vvithall, tin: they are laid to be higher than the Aipts, or the head ol Cwcafiii, or .my
of the mofl noted Mountains in other parts of the World. Not eafie of aker.t , but m lertain Paths,
by rcilofi of the thick and unpafl".iblcAVoods .with which covered in all pans thereof whiih lie towaids
Prru ffor iiow it isontheotlif lide,orby what people it is neighboured . is notyet difiovered: ^
barren, and crsggy too withall , but (o lull of venomous Ikalls, and po^loiioii Serpents, tliat they arc
laid tohavedeftroyeda whole Array of one of the Kings of /Vr« ,in his march ilmt way. Inhabited by
a people as rude and favage as the plate, an4ai little holjpitable. Ihc molt noud NiHtintain of A»: -
rica , as before was fiid , end indeed the greateft of tbc World. ( )rfamc fulhcunt of ilu mlclves , 1101.
to be greatned by ihe addition of'TipollihleFicmentt, or ijnprobablc lidions. Anior.g which lail :
reckon that of Abraham Ortclitu a light leartjeS man , who will have theli; Moiint.iins to be that which
the Scripture callethbythe nameofi'fpW, Gen.io.^o. and thcrealiirn.edtobe thcutmolUialiernli.
mit of the fons of Joktan : the vanity and mconfequchces of which flrangc conceit , we have ilrca Jy noi
ted wiien we were in Imiia.

Proceed we now unto the particular defcriptions of this great I'oiinfH.'.i ,comfrehcnding'' MelaM'o
and wealthy Countreys, which arc known to us by the names of » C^jIcHa Anna z. The N; .v lU.iim
vi Gra,i.iiiA. T,. Ptru. ^.Chik. ^. Par.ign.iy. 6 Ihaf/. 7. (7«j./>..i , and 8. .".i/m, w.th their kvei.ii
liLnds. Stich other lilts as fall not properly and natur.illv under lotr.c of thele, niult be rctcricd uiii-)
thcgener.'lheadQftbe/4w(nf,;»! lllands.intheclofeofall.

O F

loy

CASTELLA DEL ORO.

ASTELLAdlORO, Golden CuJIi/e , (Anna CaftelU , as the LutiHtt ) is boundid
on the Eaft and North, with M^nA/Noert ; on the Wert, with MarcJe/Zur,:indhm
paitof/Vr<«^W4,ontheSoutI\wit!i the New Realm of (7r/i»*i<. Called by the n.une oi
Cajli/e, with reference to Caftih- in Spriin, under the favour and good fortune oCnic Kini'.s
whereof it was firft difcovcrcd : Aurea was added to it , partly for diftinftions /akc , .ii;d

partly in regard oftbat plenty of Gold which the firrt Diftoverers found in it. It is -Jfo c.iILd Tar.i

Firma, becaufeoncof the tirft partsol Firm land , which the Spaniards touched ar, having before di.to-

vered nothing but (bmc I (lands onely.
The foy I and people being of fuch fcveral tempers, as not to be included in onecominon Cliaractcr.wc

will confidcr both apart in the fcveral Provinces, of i. Panama, z. Daritn. i.Nova Aniialui.iu.^.\M.tr-

tha, and $ . the little Province Dc la Hacki.

I. r AN AM A, or the diftriAof/'<j«^)w^, is bounded on the Eaft, with the Golf of c/r^f^**, by
wliitli parted from the main land of this large /"fwiw/w/^ • on the Welt, with I'lragn.t oneolthe Iro-
vinccs olGiutimula in Afexicwa j wafhed on both the other fides with the bea. So called of Ptmama
the : own of mo(\ efteem heiiin, and the Juridical refort otCallella Anna.

Ittakethupthenarroweftpattof theStieit,cr/y?/;«;ttir,which joynsboth Ptni/ifulM toi^ethcr : not
above 7 or 8 leagues over in the narroweft place, betwixt Panama and Porto Biuj , 1 • meafur.d by a ft 1 aic
line from one Town to fhe other ; though 18 le-tgucs according to the courlc ol.lie Koad bctwxc them,
which by realon of the rlills and ilivers is full of turnings. Of (bmc attempts to Jig a Cl.aimel. through
ih s Ifthmtti to let the one Sea into the other i and of the memorable eapcdiiion of John Oxi nh.im over
it by land, we have fpoke already.

The aire hereof foggy , but exceeding hot, and confcijuently very unhealthy, chieflv from Afaj unto
November : the foyl either mountainous and barren, or low and raiery ; naturally To unfit lor '^r,!in,t!iac
It yicldeth nothing but jl/^iif, and that but fparingly abetter for p.iftunge , in rc<»ard of it'; pii-iuv of
grafTe.and the goodneflc of it : fo lull of Switie at the Spaniards firlf conn ig hither , that ti.ey thoughi
they never (hciid dtftroy them ; now they complain as much of their want , or paucity. A^ in, die ln-
h4bitant», wha.focvjrthey were formerly, is not now material : mod of the old ftotk rooted out by the
Spaniards, and no new ones planted la their room < fo that the Countrcy in all partS'.except towards the
Sea, isalmoftdcfolatcd,or forfaken.

I he Countrey, as before was laid, of little breadth, and] yet full of Rivers: the principal whereof,
I . Chaf^re, by the SpaniauU tallid Rio dc Lagartos,M the River of Crocodiles, ( many of which are har-
boured in It) which falleth into Man dtl Noort betwixt Nornhre de Dios, and Portu Belem- Z. S.miimll.t.
3. Sardtna. 4. Rio dc Colubros, or the Rivir vi\ Snakes ; and 5. Rio dc Com.t^re , all falling into the lime
Sea. Then on the other lidc b. Chepo, whole finds in former tiroes yielded plenty of Gold. 7. Rio lU Im
Jial/as,ui\ the banks whereol groweih great ftoreol tinibir for the building of flups. 8. DcCunc^ns,
emptying it lelfinto the ^ay of S.Mickic/s.

I'owns of moff note, 1. S.Phihp, (eated on a lafe and ftrong Haven called Porto Bc/o .- built in this
plate by the appointment of King Fhi/ipi\\e lecond, but by the counlel itifolm Baptijla Antondlt , to be
the llaple of the trade betwixi Spam ,\nd Panama : partly in regard of ihe unhjakhi'icfTc of Nombrt di
liios, where it was before ; but chiefly becaule that 1 own was found to have lien too open to the inva-
fioiis of the F>it^tii7y. lortilii'd with two Ifrong Caftles ^ou each lide ol the Haven one, but for all that
furpn/.ed and pillaged by the f;«ij///iunderLaptain/'<ir;^r,in the jcar lOci. ;. x\ombredc Dios , con-
veniently (iMtcd in ill U,)pcr lea', for a 1 own of trade ; and for that re.ifoii made the Staple ot fuch ccm-
niodities, .is were ttuiki.d heiwi^r /'(>«, and Spain ; which brought lnwn Sp.iin, and landed het ■ , were
from heme conveyed over tin- Land 10 Panama, and there (hipped for Pern -, or brou.ju from Peru, and
landed at /Vw./w.r," ( re by land brought unto this pi.ice, and lure (hipped for i'/;.i/rf. ,c ukin :!<ii name
fiom Didico Nicjuefa a Sp.mijh Adventurer , who having b ■ 11 diftrcrtid by tempeUs was dnvin in lierc,
and bid hit lncl)go^nt11ore(■«Ml<VJ/>^w^t'/)lW, in thename of God. In retaeiice Iienuntoby theZ,><-
tiitiS, borrowing a G'>f</(^ word. It iscalltd7'/;fwjiM(i. Of great trade once, o;i theotcaliun before men-
tioned ; but in the year 1 58^. the trade was removed unio I'orto Btl» , by the counfel of Aiitundli before
named i and fomc years .liter that, the Inhabitants alfo. lo hallen which , the taking of this I own by
Sir Francis Drake, leMved exceeding fitly. 3 Ada, on the Coail of the fame Se..'«llo, but on the South-
lialf i)iNombrc ac Dios. 4 Naia, or '^^■Jagt dc Nata, fituate on the lower Sea on tile borders o\l 'cragMa,
about 50 leagues on the Well of /'4W.IW.J. 5. /'.i«.if»./,tlie chief Catie of C4//1//- ^^wn-w, the Rcfidei il of
liiL- Govtrnour , of the Cnirts oifiijhcc, honoured with a P,iii;fps See , a i>iiifiagaii :u the Arch bifhop of
Z;w<i ; and beautiticd withthrcetair MonatU-ries<atidaC'olledi;eof Jclmts. Seated intlie goegree, or
Noi ilui n Latitude \ and io ne.ir the Sei, thai tlie U'.ives toineclofe iii:'o tlu' Wall. A fown through
which the We.dtu of Sp-jw, and /'i>;(, palfedi every ^'ji- ; ^ct not euntaining above 3 )0 houiesjiheoum-
.r oil he >ouiuicrs greater thaa 1 hat oftlie Citizens. 6. S. Crttx !a Real, a league from P.iw.iwrf, inhabi-
ted totally by Xio> ocs brought out of C/'w/w..-.

This

iril

j?t

1058 CASTELLA AUREA. Darien.

This Province wat the fird of thofe on the i-Vrm /iiMti, which were difcovcrcd by Co/»m^w. But I
find not that he left any name unto it , or to any RiVer or Promontory of it ,buc only to a httic Hand
lying on the fliore neer Porto Belo , which becaufed to be called Los Bafiimentos ; becaufebeins; eft
hereon by chance, he found good ftore of /MUiw and other provifions • called BafUmintos by the Sf.mi-
ard. But the chief Uahds of thii rtovince , arc thofe which Co/wto^w never faw, called the ;/W/ of
Fearh ; fituate in (he Southern Tea, oppofite to />4Mm4 .fr^m which di(Tant 17 leagues or thercaboisn.
In number above twenty , but two only inhabited , the 01 e called Tarortqui , th' other Dei Rto ; the
red of them rather Ruck/ than Hands. Much famed not onel ' fdr the abundance , but the c:ce!!:ncii: of
the Pearls there foilnd s fairer than thofe of Margarita, and Ciibagna, (6 much commended. Once very
protitable to the Spaniardi , till by their crueltj and covetoufnefs they unpeopled the llanu»,apd dtllroycd
the Pearls. Inliabitcd now only by a few Negroes , and fome Slaves oi Nicaragua , who live here to
attend the grazing of their Maftcri Cattcl, in the fields and pafturcs-

2 DARIEN hath on the North , the Dijlriil ofPauoma ; on the South Nov Granada ■• on tlie
Eaft , the River oi Darien, whence it hath its name, and the Colfbi Vraka ; and on the Well , the main
Southern Ocean.

The Countrey of a temperate Air, and a fraitfullSoil: fohappy intheprodu(aionof.^/f/6,«xand
fuch other fruits, that within twenty dayes after they are fown , they are fL-Mj ripe. With like felicitv it
bringeth forth Grapes,and other fruits ; either naturall hereunto, or brought h.ther from Enrcpe. A tree
here is called Hovo , not elfwherc known j the (hade of which is conceived to be fo wholfom , that the
Spaniards fcek them out to (leep under them. Out of the Blojfoms of it they dinill a perfumed Water ; of
the Burl(_ a Bath or Lavatorie , good for the opening of the pores , and re drefs of Wearinefs ■, and from
the Aoor/ they draw a Lquour which they ufe to drink of. Of Beatti and Fowl great plenty ,wheth;r
wild or tame ; and fome ot them not heard of in other places.

Principall Rivers hereof, i D4r»>», whence it hath the name; A clear water , and much drank of,
but of a flow courfe and a narrow channel* able to bear no bigger VefTeh than thofe of one ptete of
wood iifed among the Salvages \ we may call them Troughs. But with (his flow courie it fallcth at lafl
into the Go\t' ofVraha , a large Arm of the Sea , which piercetb far into (he Land , and it the tpoi'th is
faid to be eight leagues over. 2 Rio de las Redas , & 3 Z7r /<• Trepaiera ,both eniptying ihemfelvc^ :~ o
tVr GolfoiVraba 4 Corohci , on the fame fide of the Countrey alfo , J Bern , a River of the South-
Sea , not much obfervable, but that fome have laboured to derive (he Etymologic of Pern, (rom
(htnce.

Towns of mofl note , thongli few of any , 1 Darien , on the Bank of the Golf oiVrda > oftentimes
fo unhealthy by the Mifls which do thence arife , that the Inhabitans ufe to fend their fick pt.ople tothe
frefh Air oi Corcbarie , to revive their fpirits. By the J/^^wiW/ it was called J". i»^4r«' Adventurer. An. 15 10. and
grew fo fuddenly into wealth and reputation, that within four years it was made an PnifanpatSK.
Cut beitig built too neer the Banks of the Darien, in amoorilh and unhealthy plate .both the I'.pi/i opal
See, and the thief Inhabitants were removed to Panama. Some other Colo'ies of the Jf.m.W/ have
been planted here ; but either forfakeo by themfelvrs , or defiroycd by the Salvages : fo tliat now from
Ada to the bottom of the Golf of Vraha . the Spaniards have nor in theii- own hinds either Town oc
Village. Nothing but forae few fcattered houfes in all that traft, for the ufe o^ the Natives ; who formerly
madetheir Nefts like Birds, on the tops ot trees. 2 Bizu, ^ Los AngaJefos, two fmall v.llages on the other
fide of the Countrey , pofTefTed by the Salvages. Befidcs thcfe , and fonne ferry (hed* here and there
difperfed , all the refl d Defart. So that not being able to maintain (he reputation of a diflin(ft Province,
the government hereof hath of late been devolved on the PrefeU of Vanama.

3 NO?' A ANDALVSIA hath on the W.-ft , the River Darien , and the Golf oWraha ;
on the Eaft, (he Province oiSMartha 1 on the North, the main Ocean > and on the South.the mw Realm
0I Granada. So called with reference to Andalujia a Province of 5'/?4i». Called alfo by fome Writers
Carthagena, from Carthagena now the chief City of it.

It IS in lengch from the Golf of f'raba to the River of Magdalen , 80 Leasues , and necrupon as much
in breadth. Mountainous , and very full of woods , but in thofe woods great ftore of Rofin , ( jums , and
fome kinds of Balfams. Here is alfo faid to be a Tree , which whofoever toucheth , is in ditnger of poi.
loning. The Soil , by reafon of the abundance of rain which falls upon it , very moyff ar.d fpctvie \ info-
much that few of our Europtan fruits have profpered in it. Few veins of Gold in ail the Countrey , ex-
cept only in that part hereof which is called Zena ; where the Spaniards at their firft comini.' , found ^reat
flore of treafure. But it was taken out of the graves and Monxmentt of the dead , not found in Mimi,
or digged for as inrother places : fuch being the reputation ofth.-it Territory in former times, that the
Nations far and neer did carry the bodies of their Dead to be buried in it 1 with great quantity of Gold,
Jewels, and other Riches. The Natives very fierce and flout , whiles they were a People : L^ut giving the
Spaniards many overthrows before fully conquered , they have been fo confumed and waflcd by little and
little, that there are not many of them left.

Chief Rivers hereof, i Rio dt los Redos , & 2 Rio de los Anades , both falling into tlie Bay of I'ralia.
3 Zcnu , which paffing thorow the Province above- mentioned , to which it gives name, fallcth into the
Ocran , over acainfl the Hand Fuerte. 4 J'. ^4>-/A<i , of long courfe , and much edimntion. I'ornfingin
the mofl Southern parts of the New Rea/mof Granada ,ni:eT the t/EquinolHal, it pafTetlnhorow the
whole length oftliac Kinpdom , and .it the laft niin^k'th its Iheam whhih.it oCihs lv.\Qr Jlfagdi!l< n,

..ot

S- Martha. CAS TELL A AURLA ~

noc far from Mopox. lly the Nativi-s it is cJIed C.iuca. And as for Mountains , thofc of molt no'e ;ire
a continu:;! ividi'c orHi'l«, by rhc SpMiirJ: c.ilted CorAilhrji,hy th.- Natives Ahik • cr,r.'<'v,»"id d i^irulc
ofaCcent ; inl.,.„-£harii:iiied tobezolcuuies.but tlie length uncertain, ffic Jurtlitllcnds of thciTi to-
wards tbe Stnitl". not dilcovered hiilicn o.

Places of mofl importance in it, i . Canbd^enit, fuuatc in a fandy Pemnfnla, tendq'rces diflant from
the ty£i:]ii,itor ; well built, and for the bignefll' of it of ^rew wealth ana ihite ; confiftiri!,' of 5C0 !io'>le%
or thereabouts , but thofe neat and hanilfoni. licautificd with a Cathih-jl-'.hurch , three Mon3f^eri>.s'
and one ofthebcft Havens of aMy^wfWtvj. WiiH fortified on both lidts, (Ince the inKin': of it by Sir
Jr(«wfMDrj«i^f, wliointheyear 1585. took it by alliuit, and carried thencj belidcs inef>imah!e furns rf
(honey, 240 bralTe pieces of Ordnance. 2. To/n, by the Spaniards called S.^-rsjo twelve miles f om Car-
th^gena ; memorable for the moft foveraiin /?,i//,iw of all thelic parrs.ca ;d tiie Fa/J.im of Toltt ; litth; in-
ferior, if at all, to 1 he 5<j//;«»» of i:'(yr;;f, i. Alopux, or Savta'Crux A- A'lopox, near the ('orifiucnfcs of
the Rivers of Martha and MagdAltm\ 4. Raranca de M*Ufnbo , on the banks ot'tiie River M.iir.iiln,
fix leagues from the Oceau ; where fuch (Jomn^odities as are broui'ht by Sl-s tor tlie Nc-v Realm ofCr.-i-
»w<i*, ufe to be unfhipped, and carried by i»^/;/frf, orfmall Hoatsupthe Kiver. 5 Schnfi-m de P,tier.a
viHa, built by A IfonfodcOieda, An. 1 508. in his firft attempt upon this Countrey ; fitiiate on a nlin;^
{•round near the mouth of the Hay of Vntki , a league and a half from the bea. 0. VilUdc Marin,
3 o leagues South ofCarthagena, but of no great note.

4. '^. M A RT H A hath on the Wed, \Nova A nd.i/u/i,t ; on the Eaft, Rio dc l.i H.ichafin the North,
ihc main Cke.iii ■■> on the South, the New Realm oiGrunada : about 70 leagues in length , and as much in
bi e«drli. So called from S.Manh.i the chief Citie of it.

The C ountrey Mountainous and barren, not tit for parturage, or tillage '■> produdive notwithftanding
of l.imoiis, Orenges, Pomgranates, and fiicli other fruits as are brought liither out v>\Sp>un. I he aire on
the Seii-Coarts very hot and fcalding, and in the midland parts as cold, becaufc of die neighbourliood of
lome Mountains alwaycs covered with fnow. The principti of thofe Mountains , along Ridge of Hills,
hy A-u: Spaniards c&Wiili Lits SierrAi NievadM, or the Snowj Afo««MiW •, difcernable by the Marrineis
30 leagues at Sea ■■, hy whom called the Mountains ofTMnna, tiom a Vally of th:u nan;e beneath them ;
the Inhabitants whereof by the advantage of thofe Hiils,have hitherto prefervcd the'r liberty againft the
Spaniards. lhcrell,tliough fubjeS to the J'pawwr^/^ , Lave their feveral Kings , affirmed to be an an o-
1', int and ill-natiircd people i made worfc perhaps than indeed theyarc,byrcai'on of their hate to the
SpaniAtds, vvhofc government they live under with great unwillingnede.

c liicf Rivers of this Province , \. RioCrandtde U AfugiUltna;vi\[\Q\\bMh its fountain jn the Hills of
the x\ ( w Kiit/m o((j'r,:mtdu , not far from the ty£(jnator i but its fall into the Ocean betwixt Canlui^i--
ihi and St. ALiriha, in thciiiriV«(Aof ladegrees: where dividing it fdf,itm.iketh an Iflandof 5 Uag'ies
long, and after openeth into the Sea with two wide mouths ; difccrnable tor ten leagues fpace from the
lelt of the Af.tin, by thctafleandcolourof the water. i.;fio</iC(i«cf,whithfalleth into :1k Af..'rd,»-
/i'«, as doth alio 5 . Ct-j^r, by the Natives called Vomfatun : which having its fount;iin near the Cine of
Kings in the Vale of Vpar, pafleth dircftly toward the S<nith,titl ii meet with 4 Ajuni.i^ .anotht r River
ofthisTraft \ accompanied with whom he runoech Weft-wii^ 1' ' hi; Ipacenf 70 leagiies.and endvth in
the great River of Ahgdalens,M before is (aid, n«rt<ieForrc<t <ii Alpucrti. 5. Bulna. 6. rir.n. 7. Don
Diego. 8. PaUmini. 9.Gayz.a, falling into the COcean.

i owns of moft obfervation , 1 . St. Martlui, fitujtt Hiores of the Ocean , in the L.ui'ude of

ten degrees and 30 minutes j neighboured by a late and c«i. . < 1 1 iven,d(.ietided from the winds by .m
high Mountain near unto it, and honoured with an I'fifcop,it '^cc. Nmall , and ill built when it was at the
belt ; nor well recovered of the fpoil ,it lutfcred by Sir Francn D>iik' A 1015 <)^ and by Sir Anih y
Shcrlef the next year after- z.Tenarijje, on the Banks of the Magd,ii, u , ac leagues from T MArilu.
^.Ttwalamecjue,h^ t\\i Spaniards cxWcd f'i/Li dc Lti /'d/wiM, twenty leagues 1 the South 01 '',i.>rijfc.
4. Cividadde los Reyes ,or the Citie of the Kings, fituatein the WikoiVpiir, on tbe b.uiks 01 a Jeep and
violent River,calledG'»rtt.</)((M; which not far off talleth into the C<i;/4»- ; ill neighboured by the Inhabi-
tants of ihe Vale of Ttirona, not hitherto reduced under the command of the Kings ofSD.iin. •yJUrrk. /,
by the Sp,wurdi called JVerv SMamAncit, in the fame Valley of Vpar ; as liberally furnifl ; ! with v^ins of
lirafle. .is it is with ftones. 0. Ocannu, on the Weflern Reach of the River Crf/^r,equa' dillant Irom its
conHucn«e wii'i Ay:im.i> , and its fall into MAgdaUn.

5. RIO Dli I, A H AC HA is the name of a little Province lying on the North Eaft of S. ^^r-
//w; environed on two fides with the main Ocean and on the third ("which is that of the Eaft ' . th a
laigeand (pacious Arm of the Sea, called GW/o^f T^/fcKf/rf ; the extremities hereof Norr!- t, called
C'.'Av Li I ol.t ; on the North-l:.ift, Cahi) di Coqui hoccou.

It look ihis name from ilie Town and River of X.t Hacha, a fmall Town,confifting of no more tiiin
an lumdiedlioulcs, but big enough to give name to foimall a Province, liuilt on a littlo Hill about a
iviile irom the Sea ■ the Haven inconvenient and expofed to the Northern winds but the loyl about it very
lull fi uii lull 01 all kith Plants as are firought from Spair 1 well ftorcd with veins oiGuLi , cx: client S.il:^
ir/J../,anJ lome Gems of great worth and vertue. Dillant eight leagues from A'l w i'.</./w.(«iJ , and
iS lca;.;uLS from theCi,ir/.( I' el.: : fiirpri «d and facked by Sir I'rAi-.rts p -.(i^r, Anno 1 19>. 2. R.inche-
riit. fix leagues on the H ift of/V !.i //jr/,'.i, inhabited for the molt part hv fuch as get their living by I'eji-
ftpjif.g. 5. Tvpi.i, fiveIea{;ucsfrom/,rt//,if/;.«, and almoft as much from the Sea: the 1 icIJs where-
of Ij'ing bawiXt the To.vn and Nn" S^L'm.inr^ , were terribly walU'd by the JEngH/i , in the year

C' c c c <: • afore-

1059

\ 111

•!>»*»■•'"

Ill

1060

CASTELLA AUREA.

DelaHacha.

afoiefaid > becaufc the Governour of New SaUmancd, with whom (hey had concraded lor 4000 Dh-
CMS not to burn chat Town, would not (land to bis bargain.

Ihefe Countreys difcovercd by Colnmbw, and by him called Term Firma , as before was f.iid ! were
afterwards brought under the power oiSfain,h^ two feveral men , imployed in the fubdiiing of their fe-
veral parts, i4««o 1 508. To Z><<^eiV«f«fy4 was allotted the government and conquen of thofc parts
hereof, whichlieonthe Wcnof(hcBayofthet/M^4, containing the Prxfeftures of Darien and P/t-
Mma, by the name of CttfielU tUl Oro : And to A/fo»fo Oreda , all that lay on the f aft ot that Gt</f, by
the name of Nova AndalHJia. But cbcfctwo finiflicd not .the work , though they firft began it : F.ncijas
difcQvcring further on tbc Rv/cr of Z)4riV»f ,than Niqiufn bad done before him '■> and Balboa findint; out
the way to the South- Sea, where PMuma and the beft of their trading lieth , which neither of the other
had thought upon. Both afterwards joyned into one Province, the Pr^Cfedares of S. Atartkt snd Rio de
lahacha C when conquered and fubducd by the .9f<v(iWj being added to it. One of their laft Kings
which held out againft the Sfaniards, was called Ahiheia , who had his Palace on the top ot a Tree , fas
moft of hk fubjeds had their houfes « ) from which when Francifco de Vaatieies a Spamjh Captain could
by no other tihttorick.vna bin to defcend, he laid his Axe to the Root , and began to fell it ; which i'een,
the poor Prince was &in to come down , and compound both for his life and Palace at tlie wilt of Im
Eneoiei.

■?'.,

\Dm'

loCi

O F

NOVA GRANADA.

\0V A GRAN ADA,OTt\\tN(w Realm of Granada , is bounded on the Norili witti
' CafltlU Aurea; on tl,e Weft, with ^/,,rf ^f/Z«r ; on (he Eaft, with VemzmU Thr
tountteys lying on the South, are not yet difcovercd , (hut up with vaft HiUs, and irapaf-
(ciblc Mountains \ except onely in thofe parts which lie near the Sea, where the way lieth
open to Peru. Thus called by GonfMvo Ximfnet,, tlic firrt Difcoverci who beinir a Na-
live of Granada in Spain , gave this name unto it.

It is in lengtli 1 30 leagues, ar i as much in breadth ; rcckonin<^ Pop.ty.tn lor a part of it , though by
fome made a dillind government. So that we may divide the whole into thefe two p^rts , Granadu fne-
ti:illy fo called, lying on the W-ft ; an<l 2- Poptfyana, lying towards Afan del Zur.

\. GRAN ABA, fpecially fo called, hath an Air, for the molT part, well tempered betwijt heat
atjd told, with little difference (if any) betwixt Summer and Winur, and not much in the length and
fliftrineffeofdayes. The Countrey full of Woods, but of threat fertility , well flored with Corn and Pa-
(liirace, many Herds of Cattel '■> fome veins of Gold and other Metals , and in that part hereof, which is
called TtinU , great plenty of Emeralds : and amongft their Woods, tiut called Cuajacan, Medicinable
lor the frMc/jUifeafe, grows in great abundance. The people tall and Ifrong of body , nor very indu-
iHous, the grcateft part oftheir time being (pent in fongs and dances. The «'<>»«■« ofawiiite and more
clear compUx on than any ol their neighboHrs, .md morehandfomly habiteJ ; apparelled in blick.or par-
ty-coloured Mantles, girt about their middles ; their hair tied up, and covered raoft an end with Chaplett
intermixt with flowers, and artificially compofcd.

Rivers of note i finde not any, but thofe of S. Martha , and S. Magdalen , defcribed before : nor any
diftiiidion ot It into fever .1 Provinces, but that the names oiTunia, Bagota, Panches, Coljmj!,zni Muji,
by which the Salvages were difhnguillied, when fit ft known to the Spaniards , with reference to which
the piKuipalof their Towns are by fome dellnbed.

I owns then of greateft note , i. S. i-'o; de Bagota. but commonly S. F01 , the Metropolis of this ncv?
Kealni, theSee ol an ylrMiJhop, ini the feat oftbe Governour. Built by Goij/alvo Ximine^de ^^tefada,
at the foot of the Mountains, not far from the L ike of Guatavita , on the banks of which they ufed to fa-
tntice to their Idols. The Town inhabited by 600 Families oi Spaniards, biiidn thoie of the Natives; and
litiiate in the fourth degree of Northern Latitude, z. ^.Michael, twelve leagues on the North of S.fo/, a
wtll traded Market. i.Tocajmu, in the Terruory of the P<««f^«, a barbarous and man-eating people,
till reclaimed by the Spaniards » and Mafters of the richeft part of all the Countrey. The Town about 1 5
leagues trom S. i'yi, toward the North- Eaft ; and feated on the banks oi'Pati,i little River, which not
farofl IS (wallowed up in the body of Magdalen. 4. T'wde/.i, is the Countrey of tlie Aftifi,mdColjmie,
twowarlikeN.\tions;fituatcon the banks of the River Z<(rii, and made a Colonie of the Spaniards at
their firrt coming hither 1 but deferred by them not long after, tor fear of the Salvages , though the wane
of Provifions was pretended. 5.7'yi«i<ii^u,onthefameRirer,butfomewhat lower, and more remote
frflm the Salvages ; by whom notwithftanding much annoyed ; the fields thereof fstll of veins oiChrifi.il,
Emeralds, Adamartts, and Chakedonians. 6. La Palma, bailt by the Spaniards in the fame territory of
the /W«/< andC5/;>wj;, An 1572. 7. T««w, fo called .iccording to the name of the /"vrff , or Province,
III which It is fituate ; built on the top ol'an high Hill, that it might ferve for a retreat and Fortreffe againft
tne Salvages i now a well traded Emporic , and very wealthy , the Inhabitants being able to rniprefTe
2S0 hortc for prefent fervice. 8. /'<iw;'f/o«'<, 60 leagues from S.fyi, towards the North-Eaft, rich in
Mines of Gold, ai d Herds of Cattel. 9- Meridt, on the North o( Pompiana , the furtheft Town of all
this Province on the North. Haft towards /V«fiMf/j.- As lo.S.fohnde Los Lianos,Qv S.fohn upon the
r/.ti.is is in ih J South HUf, 50 leagues from S, Foj, and feated in a corner full of veins of Gold.

2. POP A 7 .1 N A lierh on the Weft of A'^tv Granadi, ftridly and fpecially fo called;from whicFi
pni ted by the lliver Martha, wliich hath its original in this Countrey ; on the North bounded with A'»-
■v.% JnMlniia,n\- C.trtk'gena ; and with Mare del Zur upon the Weft. Extended in length trom North
to Soiiih 1 30 le;u',ues at the le.ift ; and from the River tc the Sea, betwixt 30'and 40.

ihc Countrey ovcr-doid with rain.breeds but httle yl/.i/.-.f.lcffe Wheat,and almoft no Cattclithoutih
in (one ilacesritheriJinn it isinotlicrf. The people anciently yl/^« M/f>-.f, and as rude as any, now
iiiOi e indulfnouii and affable than ttu other Americans ; efpccially about Popajan , where the foyi is alfcj
bcticr tempered than in other plate?. 1 he Rivers of mort note befide ihnol S. A f.irtli.i which we have
fpoken of ftlreidy ; and fome lelVer llreams which fall into it "» are i . Rio dc S. fua; ... Rio de Cc^r^s ■
3 . A'.'; dc S. J ago ; ail ialling in'O Marc del Zur.

Cities .md lownsofgreatcft note, i. ropa^an,tt\Wd by filename of the King hereof, when firft
knovn t'>i!ic.S'/)/</;<>«ii ;fKtnte on a nameleflebut ple.ifint River , in the midftof a PLiin , of great
w«.ilth,.inda hc.ilihy aire, in two Degrees and 30 Mimites of Northern Lrft/fWc .the ordinary refi-
dence oVii'e Coveinour, and See of a liiftiop The building fair unto the eye , but (light ; excepting the
CathchJ, .tnd a Monalkty ofthe I riars tailed ;). mere, dc, vvhich ai e ftrong and lalf ing. z, Antiochia,

Ccccc 7 (oc

1062

NOVA "GRANAUA.

O P A Y A N,

5s';

(or Sa.uLit-hhscie /htiUhi.i) on the borders of Nov.t AnldiiKui, ico fc!|]i:;;s d.u.iiK from ['up^yAn.
.catcd upon a lit'.i" Kivcr winch fills i: m tlie Ai.irrtf , t'lOT. whi:h twelve I. \i"t*s dlhiic. i.C.u.irn.w:x
or. tlic M.utU it Iclr". 4.Vati,t in a plc.ilanc Valley, on the S miis ot a I'mill l\;vir, but of cxie Ic ;t w.iter.
•j.S.y^wwfin thcC(;;rrf^ofy4««>'W<i«,by w'lichnameit islbmetiiDcsciilcd : l^ilcon a I'tcieilili be-
twixt two I war River?, and conipaffed round about with a Grovi; ofnioll (leiiHiu ho ti o.s.J.iy de
Arniti, &e chief Town of the Carttrcdoi Arm.x ; fituate in attrriLory vci y nch in C'^..;', but p:1!„t\v;:\; im-
providcdof'illmarnerofnc.clT.iries; rifcv'eiguesto the Norch-Eart of Vcp.ty.tn. y.C.irilun- , in tlic
Province of^/i»ji^,H/«, 22 leagues from S. 7'«?(7 (ir /4yw,i,feated in a I'bin bawtxttivo lorrcnts, {.\xn
ka«ucs from die River of S. Martlu. 8. C^ti, a Icaf^ue from th.it River, but on the b.inks of iinorli, r , in
the Latitiidt' of four degrees ; neighboured bv a vallar.dniiglity Mou. tain,,'.t whofc foot it il;!ci!c.!i ;
where biiili by Svbaft'nin de BelalcHtMr , the firll difcoverer of this Counrrcv . p. Hcn.tveKtHir o;i a U ly [<>
taiL'd in the .^oatliern Ocean ; a fmall Town, b'Jt of ^ic:at ufc for the coivc, .'.ncc ot the Lon'.riioJtit! of
.Yoi'Y-.'/;;, unto Po;)<(^/i«,andotherTownsofihis Province. ioT<w./>/.«,So !c3j^'ie w'lith lien aHouis txkiii;.',
lUtiib.'.mniiing, extend as far South- watds as the Sireits of. V.i^f//.i«. i\-SjMnile?.iJ}i> , Ir.uate in \
plcafant Valley, but one degree from the cufgi/Mff-r, izS.Lb,tll'uin dt- 1:'. IV.ir.r.lo called ot itt .Siivc Mines.
m the south. Haft confines ufthe Province. 1 3. Almag>icr,im the fid.'s ot'a plain , hut barren Mountain.
1 4. M.ulng.H, by the N.'.tivcs called Chapan Chun i in'a barren loyl , v.^re not C'i/,/ a lupplcniuic of ail
ivants, winch is there fourvd in fome abundance.

To this I'tovincc belong alfo fome IQands in the Southern 0<£an, that is to fay, i . The llle uf Vulmtt,
South of the Cape of C(/r«f«f«, To called from the abundance of P<j//»/ which ere (Mowing in it. .1. 6V-
^owd, oppo'.i -etc the mouth, or outlet of /J(o«/fS. Jn,tn,sn Ifland of three leas'.ii'.'s mcompafle; i.'ic fi'lls
io ill}, h, th.: Vallies fo cxtreamly low, the Sun fo little feen nuicnglt thet: , and the Woods fo dui k , th.xc
fome have likened it to Hell. Not much obfcrvable, but that it did aftord a lurliinT pi uc unto l-i.tmn I i-
z.tirro. in his attempts upon P<t», when rcpulfed from landmg on tliat CoaO. 3 . DtiG^ilh, a liiah Jihnd,
not a league in circuit, on the South of (7or^c»4.

This whole Countrey thus divided into two P>-.«/(rt«rf.f, but both fubordinjreto i » Juridic.tl Rcfors
in theCitieof S/'ojdf 5.!?^r^; is indebted for its fir ft Difiovi^ry to two fivcial perfnis. Crttnadn ipet-
ally fo called, washiftdifcovered by Gow/ii/t'o.Y'iwwit^/e ^,/.W.f, employed thercn by l-ir.iin.:nj ,u
jL«^o,AdmiraloftheC.i/.MWc :Uandi,.4«. 1530. woo palling up the River of Mnadalen without molt-
Ib.tion (more than the li itfi.ulties of the wayes through Tens and Forrelts j as far as the Cantnd ot Ba-
»oM,wast! reencuuntred by that King, whom he eafily vanqu. (bed : and waiting all his l<.!ritoiie$,
tarried w.th him ihence great quantity oi'Gold F.nxrats, end other Vreifure. I'hc rtfiduc of thol;: Crtic
Pnnces wh ch t!icn goverised in their feveral7"/iif/, either (ubm tted to him witliouc oppolicio.i, or clic
were vanquifhid at the firfl - ifing. Having difcovered and fubJuca every feveral IVovinrc . and milera-
bly murdered Sangipa t\\- lift King of B^igotdfiUvhom he had made ufe in fubduing the Piv.ckci, Utc.w-
fed it to be called rA^wtwA'M/OTo/ C7r^«<i<i», for the reafon forme-rly laid down : and furaminf; up ihc
fpoilshc had t:otttnin thiseaficu'ar , he found them to amount to rSoo Emrr.^!,ls , 191294 Pex^ct ot'
lilt finert Gold, 3 50CO of a courfcr and inferiour alloy, in his return he heard th^ new« of SiI'.ijImm de
£fM/Mt4rjmarchingontheotherrideoftheRiverofS.yW.j>'r/).i; who having at the fame tune difm-
vered and fubdued the Province oiPop.ijMut, was beating out his way towards the Morth-sea. and froia
tlienceto.y^*i>». This 5im/m*4>-, being by Fr.wfi/fw /"f^yro the Conqutrour of /'fr« , made Gover-
nour ofthe I own and Province of^ito, and having fecured all the Countrey to the very Sea ; rcfolvcd
to open away bomewards .through thofe Regions, which lay betwixt his own Province, and yW;*?-? tu/
A'cow .• And this he did refolve the rather, in regard that he had been informed, that a nth Countrey. <oil
of Gold, was in that Tract polTdTed by PipAjan and ColumbisK., two Petir Princes, but yet tlie grcatvll 10
thofc parts. Encountrcd in his march by the Roytelets of Patia and Pjflo, he foon made them weaiy.and
retire chemfelves into the Woods and impaflable Mountains f .and paflingilowly on, came at laft to Po-
faj/tM. Where though the Salvages entertained him with (bme frequent skirmilhei , yetj they grew quie.
ter by degrees ; giving the Spaniards leave to poflelTe themfelvcs of their bed Towns, and to build others
in fuch places as they thought convenknr. But this was after the firf^ Conqued , according to the co.
ming over of fucceeding Colonies : The firft Conqueft being finWhcd, y^». 15 ?0. when the New Realm of
Granada was fubdued by Ximinet. .

O F

1063

O F

E/ R

E KV ii bimndedontheEaft', with that vaft ridge of Mpuntains which they call the
^4mJes i on tnc Weft, witli Af.rre ddZnr \ on the North witli Pop>(j.w, an Appendix oFthe
Nerv Realm ofGrunada ; on the South, witli Chik. So called from the Rivf r Pint , which
beini', ont of the firrt of nott.- u hich the Spam.irds met with in this Countrcy , occalioned
them to Rive that name to the whole.
It is in length from North to South 700 leagues,but the breadth notequal.fln fome places ico leagues
broad, in others 60. in the reft but 40. more or Idfe according to tlie windings of tlie Seas and Moun-
rains. Divided commonly into three parts, all of To different a nature from one another, as if they w.ti;
tar diftant both in iite and foyl. Thcfe parts the T/./wj, the Hill-Comtnys, and the A.dcj .- tlu- V/.tias.
exitnded on the Sea-fhore, in all places level without Hills; the j4 ndet,' a conilnml ridge of Mountains
without any Vailies ; the Sierra, ot Hill-Countreys, corapofed of both. Each part ftreiched out from
North to South, the whole length of the Countrey ; the P/^««jfrom the Sea.fliore to the K'll. Countreys,
for the moft part ten leagues broad.in fome places more > the Hill.Coiintrcjs 20 Lajjues in breadth wlier;'
narroweft, and as much the Andes. In the VLtiiu it never 1 aineth , on the Andes coiuina.illy in a ni.m-
ner ; in the //;// Ccmntnjs rain from September to April , after that fair wjatlier. In the Hill Coiintn ys
the Summer beginnetli in April , and endetli in Siptcmber ; in the VLiins their Summer btgmne.li m
OBober , and endeth in April. So that a man may tiavel from Summer jio irinter in one day ; be frozen
in the morning at his fetting forth, and fcorched with heat before he come to his journeys end. Some
other differences there are , as that the Andes are covered with Woods and 1 orrcQs , whereas the /M-
Countreys are b.ire and naked ; the VUins, where there are flore of Rivers , and the benefit of the Sea
befides, Tandy and dry, and in moft places deflitute both of Fruits and Corn j in (ome parts of the Hill-
Comtrejs where there are no Rivers, and a lain but feldom,plonty of Roots, /I/<Mif, Fruits, and all
other neceflaries. IntheP/rf(«/thercncvcrblowethany but the Southerly winde , though it bring no
rain with it> and in thLi-/(//r,wmds from every Coaft, and of every nature, fome hringuig Rain.iomc
Snow, fome claps of Ihundtf , and others fair weather at the heels of them, infomuch that it is oblecvcd.
that (uch of the Inhabitants of the Vkins as go up to the Sierra, or Mountains, do fmde fuch pains in the
head and ftomack, asfrejlj water Souldiers when firft Sea-fick.

Not to purfue thele differences any further in the feveral parts, we will look upon the whole in groffe ;
which we (hail finde but meanly furnifhed for the bignelTc ,;with thole Commodities whitb fo large a
Clountrcy might afford : infomuch as many of the people live moft on Roots, Ii.ie being liitle Wlitat, and
not :i'ch quantities of ^rf/cf (the ordinary bread-grain of the A»iericans) as to ferve tliei: raukiciides.
NortindcIthattheCattel of£«ropf have been either brought hither in any great numbers, or aic
grown to any great increafe. Inftead of which they have in their Woods and I'aftures infinite numbers
of beads fomewhat like wilde Goats, Cwhich they call r«i:^_g«w) and great flore of a kindle of sheep,
by ihem called r^fox , profitable both for fleece and burden i as big asafmall breed of norre» , but in
ialleaspleafing as out Muitori , and no leiTe nourifliing. A Creature fo well acquainted with tts i)wn
abilities, that when he tindeih himleU over.loaded,no blows, or violence fhall malie him move a foot for-
wards, till I'.isload bekfiencdiand of fo cheap a dyct, that he is content with very little , and fome-
times pafleth three whole dayes without any water. The Camels of chefe parts , and not much unliKc
them.

This as it is by fome accompted for a Creature proper to this Countrey onely ("though in that mifta-
ktn) fo may it pafl'e araongft the Rariiics hereof •. many of which it hath both in Hearts, and Plants , and
in inanimate bodies alfo. Amongll their P/^xtjthey have a fj^-Trre, the North part whereof looking
towards thcMountains, bringeth foithitslruitsinthei'wwwfronely ; the Southern pvUt looking to
the Sea , fruicfull onely in irir.ter. Some as dcfetvedly do count the Coca for a wonder , the Leaves
whereof hein dried, and t'ormed into Low m^^x , (or little Pellets) are exceeding ulefuil in a jow-
ncy. rurmelci:,:', in the mouth, they latisfie both hunger and third , and preferveaman in ftrength,
andhts Ipints in vigour: and generally are efteemed of fuch foveraignufc, that it is thought that 100000
lia^kets full ofthel.eavcs of this free are fold yearly at the Mines of Po/^//?* onely , each of which at
the Markets of Cufco would yield i z.d- or li-d. a piece. Another Plant they tell us of, but I fiiide no
name for It, whithifputinto the hands ofafickperfon , will inftantlydifcovcr whether he be li.kc to
live, or die. lor ifon the prelfingitin hishandhe look merry and chearfull , it is an alfured figne of
his Rccev/ry : as on the other fide, of death , if fad and troubled. Amongll their Beafts, b.ndes thofc
fpoKeii of before 1 they reckon that which they call the Hmnacu : of which it is obllerved that the A/ales
ft.ii dCf«/m/on the Mountains , while the females are feeding in the Vailies: and it the\ fee any
men comui;^ towards tliem , they fet out their throats, to give their Females notice of fome danger
ne.ir; whom when they come up totlicni, they put in the front o( the Ri treat , interpofing their own
bodies betwixt them and their enemy. Nor want ihey llurities of nature even in things i>M>nn:Me : here
being faid to be a round L.ike near the Afttus of Putoz.i , whofe water is fo hot , though .li,; Ci^ i^itrey
beexteednKcolJ , that thry who bathe tliemfelves arc notable to enJuie ihe hears thereof, it they go
but a little ifom the banks : there being in the miJlt thereof a boyliug of above twenty foot fquare.

C c t (. c 5 A

•153 1

!l t

1064

PERU.

St*'

,x ■Av.:.t

A Lake which never dotli decreafe , though they have drawn a fircat Ihjim irom i: ro w

More profitable, tlioui'h Icfsrare , thofc Afeuls , wliith tliofc Mills arc m hIj f.-r -, nrd n<;t li!'. pr; li.
table .oneofthofe Vulgar Plants , 1 mean Tctmcs, f,rowin,i; mon.' abundaivly h;rc :!,aii in oi!u;- 1 <";•:•
tries o'f America : Tor which caufc , and the rclcmblanu- which it hjt!; ti> luKktnc , in fc ni aiv-i <1 ■ ■!■•
ty,it is called the tfenbMc of Fern .byOVm;./ and foir.e others 01 ourMod.'.n //o /,;/;// 1. A I'l.'.nr,
which though in fome refpeft being modcxatly taken , u may be krviceablc tor .'/ v u l^ : ycc Ul'i.Us lit--
confumption of the purfe, and impairing of ourtiiward parts, the immoderate .\ >. 1 ,and \^\^ t.lbc.-.l
abufe of this (linking weed, corraptcth the n;aura!lf\vcctncls of the breath , Ik; iiictlitliL- brain ;an(l
indeed is fo prejudicial to the general eftct:QOi our Coutrcy-mcn , that onL-hitli oi'chcni, ,7./^Ai'«/;»
corpora, cjuihtiic flatiu tAntofcre iniMl;^c»t,in K.ui.mrtmi ti.niir.w) t'.cgeno\il]i ^i.L-.ttur. Tit ■ tv/oiaift
Vcrtuesafcribcd unto it ( pardon mc 1 bcfectti you tSis Ihor: diL'reflion ) au, tli t it vok! ill Ji'jti.-r::,
and is found to beafoveraign Antidote i^i^infi Lues /', wri.i,ttiat loathfom Difi.iU' of tlic /mw/i i'>ii.
For this laft , like enou{;h it is > that lb unclean a Difcal'c m .y be htJji^d ivicii lui!; an imlavory Miiiit H' .
But for the fccond it may perhaps confift more in opinion, than trutli or reality ; the KIkhmc^': '■ i^liiys
fiid to void, being no more than what it breedeili at the prelent. \Vc may as \vtilcci.i.luJ.y^jc
Botlei-Ale is good for the breaking of winde ( which cfTed we fintli, cdumionlv t:> foUovv on ihe il' ink.
ing of it) (hough indeed it he only the fame wmde which it felf convcyi. J into the '■ton.."- k. Put 'T.\i.i:c»
is by few now taken' as Mdkinal; it is of late times grown a Good 'Jhtv , and fallcti from a I'li^ linan
to a Complement. An humour, which had never fpi ed 16 far amonp,lf us , iffhe fame means of preven-
tion had been ufed by the Chrifliau Magiflrates , as was by Morat J^jfi amonp, the Trrl^s : who com-
manded a Pipe tobethruft tliorow tbeNofe of a T«;-twhoniht toundtakini-, To/'.um, andiotolt:
carried in derilion all about Canftantinople- It is oblerved that the takinj; of Tobacco was lirU t.roiiglic
into£»f//*»i^,bytheMarrinfrsofSirfn(«f*»/)r.!<;f , /^«. 158). AnJtIiat ithapned not unli.l;, indic
way of an Antidtte to that immoderate ufe of drinking, which our I.',:v Countrej SoilJiers had brougiit
out of the Netherlands much about that time , An. \ 582. Ikfoie which time , ihc /•■»;;//7Zr of.ill Nor-
thern People were deemed to be moll tree from that Sninipj Vice , wherein it is to be feared ilur chey
have much out-gone their Teachers, the Dh/c/j. Certain it is, that it is taken fo cxrdlively by both tlitlc
Nations, th.it I may juftly fay with a learned Fh viinq^ , Herbx ejHs,non Miwn iifiujid uhfw.neH modo la
Anglia, /<■<;//« Belgio, C~ •il'hi, infanum in modum jam adolevir.

But the greatcfl riches of this Lountrey is molt out of light , hid in th j Ijom/j ofclie earth, hut founi
in thofc never-decaying .^««f/ of Gold and Silver; more eminently abounding m this one Province
than in all America. For inftance whereof we may take the .Silver Mines oi'I'ot..i! , difcovercd in tlia
year 1545. the fift of which, payable into the Kings Exchequer , amounted in forty years to a 1 1 1 mii-
hons of Pf«fx , every A wbeing v.alued at fix ftiillingt and Ik pence i ana yet a third part of c!-. . w ! olc
was difcharged of that payment. By this one we may tiutfu- fomewhat of the refl , as by the \a upor-
tion of one member, the dimenjions of the whole body may be prob.ibly aimed st ; iinlcf'. tli. 1 .ilu s of
thefe Mines be beyond conjedure i of which it is affirmed by foine knowing men , that tlicy yield in
many places more Gold than Earth. Upon which ground it is conceived by Ari.t< Montunm , ir.d U):::i
other very learned men ,that this Peru is that land ofi'opLir to which Solomons N ivy went for CJuid ; m-
duced thereunto by that Text of the CAro» /;^. i.cap.i.ver.O. That the Gold n\n thcGi'ldofPa>naJm.
A fancy not of fo fandy a foundation , as many others of that kinde , ifPirr: li id been the old n.iine of
this Countrey , and not newly given it by the Spaniards. I3y means whcreo "not only Sp.ii>>,h\it all /;;;.
roff alfois better fiirnilhed with gold and fiJver^ than ever formerly. For in r he (irll Al'c. of the \Vo;id
our Anceftors the Britaitis (J mull digrefs here once again ) had no otier money than Iron rini's , ar.i
Bralc rings 1 which they ufed for inllruments of Exchange ; and in t t Ivn..:-.: P. o\ inccs , t\.- rtad ttia:
the moft ulual Materials of their coyn ,was moll times lirais ,and fo.netifn^^s L.-arhir. C rinmfomiA
fuilica fercuffum , as it is in Seneca. Of which laft fort we tinde thir Treiirick t'l'.' Emf,.;r,j,i; niuiie u;c
«t:thefiegeof.M//i««»;and the £«_5//7Z> , in the time of the ^^yfiw, Wars. Andwhy notfii? tonfiier-
ing that no longer fince in the year 1574. the //o//Wfr/ bcin;; thenrediked to Ibmcrxtrcinitits ,11-ide
money oi Pafi-boord- But'tbis h.ipneth only inCa!(:s ofneceility ,the two Metals ol tiold .'i.Jfir.cr
having for many hundred years ( though not in fuch abundance as in liter tim:s ) b.'.n ihe tl.itfiilhu-
ments of Exchange and Birtery betwixt man and man , & quellionlels \.'ill ib continue to the end o.'tli-
World. I know Sir Thomas More in the fccond Book of his Vtopi.t , pitferrtth Iron heforjG'oW,
becaufe more neceffary for all ufesj Vt Jine^Hononm.^gisqtinm fncigM- atcjueiiquavivcrc Aturtalei
g«f<«»t : and that he giveth us there a Plot to bring gold and filver i.uo cnn:i,'ipc,tellirr', us how ihc
ytopians ufe to employ thofe Metals, in making Chamhcr. pots, an J Ven«.l5ofinoreimcle.innectfii-
ties , eating and d.'-inking for the moll part in glafs or earth. He telkthusallohoivtl^ey make chains
and fetters of Gold to hold in their rebellious Haves, and Malefaftors; how they pnnifli inumous [.tr-
fons by putting Gold Rings upon their Fingers, Jewels otGold in their ears, and chairs of j-xi! J atoi::
their necks; how they adorn their littlechildren with precious Jewels, which ^.yfr.f;,w!ieniiiey come
to Age , and fee them worn by none but fuch little children , tlicy ufe to caU aivay of their own accord ;
as with us our elder I'>oys leave off without conftraint , their Babies, Cobnuts, and other CnpuK.'.i,'.. 1 le
further tellethus how the Ambafladors of the AnemoUj (acoitederareStite oft he/ >;,;/,;,/ r; <ominit
amongll them richly and gorgioufly attired , were toox tor Ihves.by rer.fun of tlieirCJoldsn Chainr,
and the meaneft of their Followers thoaijbt to be the AinS.ifi'.idors : hov the elder llov^iiiriJedtlic
Strangers for wearing jewels, as if they had been children llili; and how the People I lu.Ii: acrhcit
chains of Gold , as being too weak to Ihackle fuch flurdy Fellows. Now thor •h it pli afL J tiu't w.'.'s • tare

P E R U.

to have any GoUor silver at all amongd them , it was not ( as he reiieth us ) out otnny cPcitTj wliitli
themfelves had otic j but therewith to provide tlu-mfelveson orreign aids, and pay thtir Arnuc'^^ wlien
the neeeffitics of their affair* , or other reafon of State did require the fame. How this device uoulJ
lort with the humour* of thofe People, whom Lurl.tn antientiy did Fable,, mdfoinc'ol lit. i times
more really do fancy to have their dwdlinp in the Moon; 1 am not able to fay , at liavinj'; hithirto had
noiommcrce.norcorrcfpondencewith the Inhabitants thereof: though poflibly I may ciidevour n in
the end of this l5ook,and finde it to fort well enough with their condition. Certain] am thi« fublu-
nary World of ours will never brook it. And fo 1 Icivc it , and look back again on the.Mines oi Peru :
the extraordinary plenty of gold and filver .which ihofc and the red of the Nctv norU havcforniOicd!
the eW Wor/</ withall , being conceived by many knowing and judicious men .tobethecaufe ofthc
dearnefs of all commodities at the prefenttinus, compared unto the cheapnefs of the times forci^oW.
For where much is, there greater prices will be gi. i than i i other places. And yet there want m • louc
that add alfo othii cayfes, of the high prizes ot days: z/it. A/owope/Zr/ , Combinations ofMcr-
chants and Crafifmem rr4»//»r/(i/«ei» of Grain , picafure ofgreit perfonages, the excels of p.Mvate
men , and the like : but thefe laft / rather take to btcon cahfet , the firft being indeed the principal. For,
^tiiat excellent Sir Hf«rjii'<»fi/, hath it intheendofhisnoteson7'(fri>//i) theexcefnveabund.'.ncc
oi tJi'iixmhtt'ifT* things which confift mcerly on the conOitution of men , dniweth necelTirily
T«' ^Vh iVt*, tliofc things which future requireth , to an higher rate in the Market. Capu ah Augufto
"* Alexandra ( faith Orofins ) Koma /« tantum ofibMS tJM crcvit , vt dupU major/i <j$iam ttniehac , rerum vc
Mliim fretU flMueretttHt'- As for that queflion , whether of the two Kingdoms be happier , th.it
which fupplicth It felf with money byTraffick and the works of Art; or that which is fuppliedby
Mines growing , as the gift ofnature; I finde it by this tale in part refolved. Two Merchants depart-
ing from Spain to get cold, touched upon part of ^rfr^rfyr, where the one bnyeth.^(;or^ to dig and
delve with ; the other fraughteth his veflell viiihjiccp : and being come to the /W/« , the one finding
Mines , fet his flaves to work , and the other hapning in graffie ground, put his flieep to grazin,,. The
Slues grown cold and hungry , call for food anclcloathing ; which the (he^pmafter by the incrcafc of
his ftotk had in great abundance i fo that what the one got in gold with toil , charges and hazard both
of hte and health; he gladly gave unto the other in exchange or Bartcry, for the continual fiipfly of
Viftuals , Clothes , and other necc(Tane< for himfclf and his lervants. In the end the Mints being ix-
I'aufted , and all tlic money thence ariiing exchanged with the Shepherd for fuch ncceflarics as his wants
required : home comes the Shepherd in great triumph, with abundance of wealth , liis Companion
bringing nothing with him but the Tale of his travels. Butldarenoctakeuponmetoderterminerhis
point, Only I add , that the Engti/h and the Hollmders by the benefit of their MinufaAures and conti-
nual Traffick did in coiiclnfion weary the late King of Jp^w, King f/;////) the feco; ' d outvied him
( as it were ; in wealth and trfeifure j notwithftanding his many Mines of Gold am Iver in Burhry,
Jfidia , Mexican* , Guinea , fome in Spain and Itaiy , and thefe of Ptiuana which no , c h.indle , .md
which have given occafion unto tJiis Difconrfe, or Digreflion rather.

It is now time to take a view of the People alfo, affirmed to be f for the moft part J of !];reat fimpli-
city ; yet fome of them (thofe fpecially which lie neer thet/£tjnattr) to be gre,it duTemblers , and
never to difcover their conceptions freely. Ignorant of Letters , but of good coiir.ige in the Wars , well
skilled in managing fuch weapons as they had been ufed to , and fearlefs of de,irh ; the rather prompted
to this la(f by an old opinion held amongft them • that in the other world they Ifiill eat , and drink , and
make love to Women. And therefore conmionly at the Funeral of any great perfon , who was attended
on in his lifcj they ufe to kill and bury with him one or more of his fervancs,to wait upon him after death.
Jn the manner of their living much like the fem ; but not in habit : conform therein to the other S.il-
vages,bM th.at thofe cover their upper parts with fome decent garment , and leave the other Members
bare. But this is only neer the ty£t]uatori both Sexes elfwhere wearing Mantles to their very //(•<■//.
Habite^ Oiion over all the Countrey , except the drefiing of their heads , wherein fcarce any one

doth a 1 another , but hath his fa(hion to himfelf. The rvomen lefs efteemed here than in other

places , ii died as Sliives , and fometimes cruelly beaten upon flight occafions : the men ( as S.Paul (ai:h
of the ancient Gentiles ) leaving the natural ufe of the woman , and burning in their lufts towards one anotlnr.
For which, if God delivered them into the hands of the Spaniards , they received that recompenfe which
TTiu meet.

Rivtrs of mod not? i S.Jago , on the borders towards Ptpajana ; a River of a violent courfc , and fo
great a depth.thatit is i8o Fathoms deep at the influx of it. zTombet, , opening into a fair and capa-
cious Bay, over againft the Ifle of Puna, on the further fide of the ty^.^uator; an Hand of twelve
Leagues in compafs , and exceeding fruitfull. 3 Guagatjuil , of a longer courfe than any of the other
two , and falling into Mare delZur on the South of TomkcK. ; over againft the Ifle of Loks. No Hand
.itter this of note upon all thisCoaff. If any come in our way which runneth towards the Eafl,Wti
(liall meet with them in the view of the feveral Provinces ; and fo we fhall of the Hills or Mountains
I'.liich are moft cotjJiderablejthe Andes having been already touched on. Take we now notice of the
2reat Lake of Titiaca, in which twelve Rivers are reported to lofe themfelves » in compafs 80 Leagues,
and ufually Navig.-ibl^ with fhips and barks. 1 he waters pf it not fo fait as thofe of the (ei. , but fo thick
Ch.it no body can dnnk chem j yet on the banks of it many habitations , as good as any in Peru. By a
t'air \vater courfc or River it paffeth into a lefsL^i^f , which they call .<#«/^^(i ;, and thence moffpro-
h.ib;y Imdetti a tvay into the Sea , or elfe is fwallowed in the Bowels of that thirffy earth > but the firft
niorehkely
It 15 divided commcniy into ihtce fitridical Brforts ,w*. of i ^ito ,2 Lima, and 3 CWcwjcach

having

<^5 Jp.

iil^i

* ii

io66

P E R U.

Qv { TO.

■ *' I

i;.i?t

li nor

liavinn under it many (cvcr.il and fubordmatc l-roviiuvs , too miny nnJ oftoofmill notctob^lier-'
lonfiiei fd. We will therefore look upon the diicf , nnd i^\ I'/c ittif rtikoi-a^; , i ,iliui') , a £ ..r ihixoi,

; Litii.t 4 Citfco , 5 Cktrccs , and CoUm ; three on the Snx , and thj oilitr riirnc iii the tnidiji.J> » ti>

\\i<iichihell.irvdsorit fl«llbcjoyncdintbctlolcotall.

I. ^1^ /ro is bounded on the North wuh I'opaj.in ; on the Welt, uitli .U.iicdJ/^ur on the SMith.
with tiic"l'rovince ol Lima i and on the haft , with that ot Los *>Mixos. .so iiaiii;;u ll o:n ,^iitu tlic lir.cl
Town and Province of the firrt divifion.

I he foil as fertile and .is fit for the fruits of £««/>/-, as any other in /•fr// : v/ill flirt-d with ^attell,
efpccialiy the Pucos or PirMvinn ftiecp. and plcinuully lurnilhed boih withl iili.unl 1 o^.l. In many
puts great flore of A'<>rc , of which they nia'k.' nioft approved j^ood(/'«n;i/jM'./.*> and i:i rmnt liivcr*.
erpeciaily that o( S.Birb,ir,t , many veins of Gold. The people gcni'iuli ; iiiJullrijus,ci|i.iiall'; intli.;
makinp, of Cloth of Cotton, equal almoll to ftlKs for tineners * oiVu«/7;V/ f/(./<llio:u', anJIic hhy ,buc
t'.iven to lying, drinking and fuch other vices: with which they are fomuch in love, ilnt(li<>ii!:li i!icy aie
conceived to be apt of l.tarning , yet not without >;reat difficulty brou^^lit to ti,.rA;/j//.^,; I aith
willingly rechiincd from flieir ancient Burb.mfm. Hxtrcitnly puniflied wuli tlic /V.v,an hcicu't^
dilealc amongft them ; the very Girls and untouched Vir^im io indvlcd with ic , that nculur / J-.i"^
Giujacin , nor S<tr/.t parilU, ali which tliiiCountrey doth atiord in a ureat «bundancc, is able to pi tfci ve
them fi'OiD it.

Towns of moft obfcrvation in it , i Car.tMgHet , a laige and fumpruoiis r^Ucc pf die ancient Kini{«,
fo named bccaufe fit'iatc in the lerntory of the Ctrangucs , a barbarous , bloody , and nianeatinjj peo-
ple i ibbducd by GMayanM.tp,t , one of the miglitieft ot the Kings o\'J\ ru -, from whom revoltii;; , and
W'lthall killing many of his MiiiiDcrsand Garrilbn-Souldiers , tiiey were upon a fecoiid con(| lelt b: oiii;hc
to the banks of a great Zak,e in:o which 20000 ol'them being killed , were thrown. 1 lie L.iki- Irotn
thenceforth called TaguarcochA , or the Lake of Wood. zOtAVAlIn ,in^>d\it Palace of the Kin.;s , hut
far inferiour to the other . yet giving name unto the Cantrtd a\ which ic llandeth. 3 Ji:lmto , tlie tlilcfof
this Keforc, and once the RfgAl itat uf its proper Kiigs Ctill made fubjcd h'^ G najMincapa bwl.iie
mentioned^ the ruines of wtiofe i^-iytice are now remaining. By the J;>^»MA«'xit iscaliedj. iv.ina/ro.
built on the declivity of an Hill , not above 30 minii.c from the E(jm'moV.UI . well fortified , and n well
furnifhed with Ammn>iiti»n t iphabited by about 500 Spamurd.! btfides tl;t Natives. 1 lie Hrects whereof
flr.iii and broad ; the buildings detent : the pnnti,/al oi wVch , the CuhiJr,!/ Chii-^ch, the Courts ot
juftice.and two Convents of Dominicitn ..wd I ,.iicijctin liicis. IheTow.i and lerntory much an-
noyed by a FUming Mountain , or Vhlcano > whi: ii in the year 1 560 csfl i>ut I'uch abundance ottiiiJ.rrs,
that if a rain haa no' hapnedbeyomi expcftmoo ,had made great fpjii upon the place. ^T.umgd
fitfeen Leagues from ^mtu ; and 5 RhUbdtr,t;>t in the I erritory of the I'urvalij , 40 Lt.ir;ucs troni tiiac ;
each of them honoured with another 01 thole ancient Palaces. 6 Z/wwt^W'.j ncij^'hbuund by another
of the Kings Palaces , but more niaj;nificent than the former * fituate in the L:ouiurey ot'iiu- Canan: :
amongft whom ancieiicly the Women tilled the Land , and did all without doors . wli'l>:< the Men ll.iid nc
home and (pun , and attended houiev/ifry. 7 Cutnca 64 Leagues from ^iinito , on another Koad , lirujce
in a Countrey full of (7eA/, Silver , Brafs , iron , and veins of Snlphnr. 8 Lo.\.i , ikicia Leagues l./uHi-
wards oiCmnca , (ituiii: in the fift Degree of Souther/i Latitude , and in a (wect ard plealant ValUy
called Guxibamba , between two fine Uiverets. The Citi7enj well iurniflied with Horfc and Armour, but
netothervviie wealthy. siZamors , twenty Leagues on the Lillof Zc^^; and lo'fitcn, ^5 from that :
both fituate in the Province ot QHachimajo , and both fo called in reference to two Citie? of tliolc n^ni**
in Spain : Then on the Sea coalts , there are , u Portus I otuj ( Puerto J 'do r.s the Spaniards call it _) noc
far tirom the Sea fide , but in fo ill an Air, that it is not very much frequented. Saidtohedneoftlaliift
Towns of this Countrey poflefTed by the Spaniards , who digged up hereabout* the bones ot a nionlfrous
Giant J vvhofe Cheek-teeth were four fingers broad, iz Afamu the Port lo.vn to /'a;vo / Vio ,tiom
whence the trade is driven betwixt Panuma and Pent ; the town it felf fitu»re in a rich vein oi Lrr.calJis.
1 5 GuajaifMiU, or S.Jago de CuajaqHil, called alfo Gitlata . featcd at the bottom olan Arm of the Sea,i:( cr
the influx of the River Guajai^uU < a. noted and much frecjaentedEnijwry. i4C<«/?»o ,aColonicof
Spaniards planted , An. 1 568 in that part of this Countrey , which they call Pr-vtKcia dc los t.fmiraldjt,
bordering on Popajan. 15 S.Michael , hy the old Natives called /'///!.(, the fuft Colony which the
Spaniards planted in Pern , but otherwift of no cftimation. 16 \^ajta , a (mall lou n, but nei{;hbourcd [/)•
thefafeft and roofl frequented Haven of all this Countrey ; as guarded from the windc by the Cuie of
S. Helens on the North, and Pitnta Viimna on the South ; two eminent Promontories. The Town burnt
An, 1587. by Capt. Cavcndifi. Who at the fame time alio pillaged theIfleofP»«<i ,the moft noted
Hand of this Trad , fituate in the Bay of Tombez. , as was faid before. Iruitiull ot all thii.j's neceff.iry to
the life of man 1 Par4// ioifkifaxe^SarJafarilU for his health. The people in precediig times follouc
and Warlike I that they maintained a long War with thofe of T'ow^c-t, till in theend compofed hy tic
mediation of the King of /'cy^.to whom the King hereof ( for a King it had j became an Homai^er, as
fince their embracing of the Gofpel, to the Kings o( Spain.

z LOS XP J ^0 S, lieth on the Eaft of i>*i/», and the Wcft of FJ Doradji, ("one of the Canrrtds
of Guiana , fo called from its abundance of Gold : } little d ffeient in the n'lture of the foil and pcopl-j
from the Province ofj^ito i but that this is fomewhac the more barren , and lefs Ifortd with thole ncti
metals which the Spaniards come for. The. People have alfo a clillmft ton;:'ie cf their own, thon;'!; ti;cy
both imdcrftand and fpeak the Peruvian language.

Cliicf

Qui X OS.

p E a u.

hxi
jell.

Chief Town* hcriof, i A.ii*«, buJt in the year 15J9 (which w.\* wifhiiuvoynMof th.'fi^t
difcovcry of thu Kigion ) by Ciltt R^imirecJif Avitd; iS lcai',uc« (rom<^uto{.ovt vU the h i(} : .t,>',./
the feat of the Clovemour. 2. AnhUuna , io league? on the South-cift offi^rw. 3 //: ;7.i , n-i rh.' ^J^rfl;
^ ArchidiriM i focilltd with rckrence to K4»ire^ de /iviU before mentioned , or to .1 ; o vn o! that
name in Spittn. 4 Sevilla delOro, a Colonic of the Sp*itntrds, at the others are.

On the F.irt of thii Province lieth the Cantred of C4«/4»» .inhabited by a hlockifti and ij^-orsni
People , and dtftitute of all things neccfTiry for the comfort* ot life. Moll merciltlly tormrnted , and
cart to dog* to be devoured, by /"k^rro , bccaufe they could not (hew himthe readied wiy to lotr.c
richer Countrcy than their own ; thi* being the molf barren Ilrgion of that pa t o*"IV>-« , wlinh they
call La Sierra , or the Hill Cttntriti. Mire H.iftwards \et m that patt, which they call the /1/:Je<, he the
Cantrids of the BrMcmori , ciimmonly called Jimu de Satimu , hy the lufoe of the fir(> Difiovc'i •■ of it :
A Countrcy not inlenor ui to many for the iju.intityofGold, fupenortoany forth? pjoci^ <>f it,
Cliicf Town* of wh ch , 1 V-tlUd'Ait , 2 L»oU , by the Natives called CHmbiuMtA '^i S tanidi Im Moh'
tannai ( or S.fumei of the MoHtiuint) all SfAnijJ) Coloniei » and .illof tlie f umii'iori oi'johnde S.dmis
a Loiol,i,OMe the Pro Pr*jtli of the Province, bywhoinfirll thorowly lubdued to theCro^nof
Sp4ln.

J Z/.^/yf, called alfo.t05 Jiry£ J, ii bounded on the North .with ^/(Vo; on the South,
with Charcot ; on the Wcfti With Mare dtlZHr; on the Ball, wth Coiha and the Province oiCufo. So
named from Linu or Lot Rrjet, the chiefC'ty of ir I a'e nded from the 6. to the 1 6. Degre: <»f Souihern
Lutiinde t or meafuring It from the Promontoric dtl Ij^ujn Sorth- to Are^mpa on the Soucli, it reacii -th
to 250 leaguei. The foil of the faiae natuit w.ih ciiat 'H j^JoVo , but more diltnbuted into V<iIIicj , mJ
fcetter peopled.

i'laces tf mofl obfcrvation » Mir^fl' res in the valley of Zmh ,110 league* on the North of Lima,
and about five leagues didant from the ->e.i ; on whi< h it haeb an Haven belonging to it, called Chencepcn.
The Town wa I feared, and inhabited by a w-ilthy pfople .trade fuch by the ih\ir\d%t\uoi Sngur catiet
ta the neif;hbouring Valley. 2 Truxilh , in the rid; and flounfliing Valley ofchimo . on the banks of a
fmall .but plcafint River , and about two leagu's Iromth; fea wh.rei: hath a la.'ge, but unfafe Haven,
which they call f/ y^*tffi/f j Latitude : well built and rich, one of the principal oiVern* inhabited by 1 500 SpuniarJt,
belides th.; Natives , and beautified with four CoMt/Mf/ 0! feveral Orderi. i.La Pari/l^,m thtvaiLy of
the <:<t»r<t , in which it Dandcth , and by which it isfurnilhcd with a fafe and convenient Road for (hip>
ping ; 20 leaguei Southwards ofTntxillo , and neighboured by rich Mines of filver, not lone fi.ncc di(^
covered. 4 /frWo.feattd amongft Vii\eyards in the Valley ofchancay , ten league* Nortli of ZiW.
5 Lima , by the Spani.trJi called CivitUd de lot Rejet , or the City of Kin^i, fuuatc in tlic Valley of Z/r,i,
the moft fruitful! p.xrt of all Vcrn , in the Latitude ot twelve Degree* and an half. Buik with mach art,
for all the chief ftreers anAver to the Market-place ifcaite any ^rivjtc hojfe which hath no. water
conveyed into it from thj River ; environed round about with f.veet fields , and moft pk-afam g irJent,
The founder of it FraHcifco Picarro, who laid the firft (lone on Twf //day ( winch the if.Mia.dt l \\\ the
TealiofKinrt) whence it had the name, An. 1555. A Town ofgreater wealth than b..;!icls, the Riches
of Pert* pafnng jearly thorow it ; well houfed , whether we refpeft the private, or pubUe edifices : the
C«Wr<i/Church , made after the model of that ofSevil ; the Convents of Religious Orders , the Courts
ot Juftice . and the Palaeet of the Archbifliop and Vice. Roy , being all fair .\nd goodly buildings ; chs
C tnedral Church fo welletidowed, that the Revenues of the Archbifhop do amount yearly to 30000
Dneatt , befides what belongeth to the Canont ir)d other Mmiifers. 6 Col/a:, the Haven, town to
Ltma , from which two leagues diftant , a lown of 600 families, for the moft part Sei-inen;
every hoafe having fame Cellar in it for the ftowage of Wme , Tobacco , Cables , Pitch , &c.
Inr the ufe of Mariners ; befides thofe , publike ware houlcs for the feveral commodities, wtuch pafs frum
X<m4 hither , or from hence to Z»»m. Unfortified till the year 1579. when facked and fpoilcd of infinite
treafures by Sir Francit Drakg; fincc that time ftrengthenedbytwo 5«/»r(ir;^r .and.iwall ofeai li,
with 30 pcece of Brafs-Ordnance planted on the works. 7 PachacawM in the Valley fo called , bjc
four leagues on the South of Z,iW; memorable for a Temple, in which P»«,4rr« found above 90 cooo
Ducats ofrold and filver, not reckoning in thofe infinite treafures which rhe Souldiers had laid hands on
betoie his coming. 8 Guarco , a Colonie of 300 Spaniardt , fixteen leagues on the South o( Pacha'
f<im4 ; environed with the beftfu'lds for Wheat in all lerM. of^alverde ,ia a Valley of the fame ninie,
fo called from the perpetual greentiefs cf it; beft furniOied with Vities, and thofe affording the bell
wines of nil thisCountrey. A large Town confiftin;; of 500 S;'4»Mr<l/) befides women and children,
and other inhabitams of the Countrey ; well traded , confidering its diftance from the Sea (Puerto Quc-
niado the Haven to it , being fix leai^ues offj and beautifi.-d with a far Church, an Hofpital, three Frierics,
and 'he hand ibmi ft women of rhefe parts. Diftant ftomZiW35 leagues. \oCafiroVerr^»a ,\nt\\c
Vallty of Chocolococha . 60 leacues from Lima , enriched with Mi.ies of the pureft .Silver .diggid out
ofadiyand barren hill .alwayes covered with (now jand (landing info (harp an air, that the J'/iiw/yft
women will not be delivered in it , but are earned further off to be brought to bed. From hence , as I
conjeAiirc , comes tliac vein of TcbiKco , which our Gotd-fellows celebrate by the name of the right Ver-
reinat, 1 1 Areqitifa in the Valley of ^uilca , 1 20 leagues from Lima , a pleafing and delightfull town ;
which firuati? ac the foot of a flming moantain , from which in the year 1600 it received much harm )
enjoyeih a frelh and temperate Air , and a foilalwayes flouri(hing. The filver of Plata and Potofi paffcth
thorow (his town , and is (hipped for Panama , at an Haven belonginf; to it ; fiiuateoa the mouth of tho

Ddddd River

1067

'!|l|

i;i

1 1'

"^"^k:

I •* ..X>«

io6S

P L K U.

Cu J

SCO*

if*

River C>;i/f (vpon ulmli //n7«i>.i (l.indttli J butdiftaiu tVoni the tow.i .iSuuc i^ Iv.ifjili. i;. r'<i.v,i-
ftfilfi , more wieliin die UnJ , b it more tow ir J» tlie Nor:h li v ecot'ort beim iti.-J w;tli .i llov.il I iUte
1)1 (li«r Kings of /'it* ; niemoi able fin the imprifunimnt and inurjcr of Wf.,i'./,<(i^ ,ot /tthi.i'p.i he
Lift Kii'.f, i>l till* t oiiiuny, vaniiuilhtd noi Lu otl by VrjuM! > rii.,irro. i ; Cw '1.1,'oint, m tli; I'.itittd
I'll ulltd, till bill inli,.bited ol .my <),.t C./«/M,/ot tlioic p.irt^, luppofeJ t.uou n.i m it 200001' die
NacuialliilKibii.iris, wliuh p.iydiituji lotlit Ktuy, of Sp.nn; ,ind roclK'cmtJ ;.■; buuMu'l v/omt-n, 'liat
linni lici'i\; tlic KiiiR* were aiuicmly furmflKd with ilieii (.'oniiibimj- i^Lio/.iii^u.uruu, ( il.caJ
ditio" C'vtii It Iromilici'rovincein winch it Hatidetli J .1 Clol'inicot A/>4>.U'J/ ,nili .iivmi, anJ viry
plt.il'.imly liattd : beautified hcrefolbre with a niorttiia)',nilicent Palatsu. i!ie Kitigi lauiow uii'i . tme
H, lutein hoijfes ,aC:oilcf;eof7(/«iff/ , and the d.vtilui^joim.inv xf thcSohility. Many ut!ici midland
Tovviis there are, but of no great note, and tiier.lnreYurjMl Jj p.iRd over.

4 C V S C O comprchcndeth , as the chief , all tliofe fevcrai Provinces ofthc //»//. CoiiKtn\(, and the
//k.i'u.wIi.cIi hcSoiiihwardsof the I'toviiue or C,i»t't.lo\Lin.i>i.ico Mell w th a liv.x; and rimpcrate
All, notiiver-fialdi.d with the Sun , nor dulled witli the d.ftinu'ers ofthc J.utnin^ milh ; c'le t.:i>ijntrey
f'j'l ol irefJi Rivers , not.iSIc good pi(hira>;e . and ^rcat herds of Cattei , well ftoud with Cota , which i(
j;'\thcicJ haein loiiie abundance, and inofttxullent Venilon.

I'Liicsdl nioC repute in it , i buinimn , in tNt f ime Uintud.' with Lmu < ceii'Jiboured bv a L.'.ke c 'l!cJ
L.ia^niu ile Chim.i coih.i ten leaj^ues in eonipafs , begirt iboat wuli pUafant iiils , and bmit iipoii with
many rich and aj plealan: vill.iges out of which runneth the ll'vcrA/.ir i«„/)j,oie of the i;rea:tllol
thcle paits , luppolcd by the Inliabitart to end hn courfe in the Af^n iLl .\'o<irt. 1 P,i>(ut , once beauti-
tic.l with a Kci'al P.il^n , fcatcd on the top of a little lull ,.i'id begirt about wit'i cri'-gic mountains.
3 GnAmiii'g.i , by the '^p.ini.inis called S Juan dc Ltl'itiorii , lltuate under 1 lie 1 \ Ui:v\kq{ Southern
Lititudei on the binKs of a freOi and pleafini; Itream : well built , the himiesKin:^ all ol ftonc ,H!id
tiled or lUited ; three Cliurchej , one of them a Ck-'ji^'-w/ .btfides divers Ccmvents. 4 A'ji.//- Jiip.
politd til be built in the very Center of firx • wliere ftill remain tlierumesofafumptuuus I'alici;
5 ii'n.im/iiii lie. , a new 1 own , or but newly railed into cikt m , (iippofid to contain at th.- prcient 1000
Sp.iniiirls , and double that nun ber otthe A'rf//V<7. Increaled fince tlie yen 15O6. frtmia bee -erly
Villai'e to this jircatnefs , by the Mines »i ^liik^jitvcr tliendilcovered ; A/zwc/offuch Iluhcs ,thiu
the kings pirt out ofilitmamouiiteth yearly to above 40000 Ptt.ncs , which is about i ?ooool. of our
I irjijl' Bioney And yet this is not all tht bentii: he receives irum tlie.Ti '.cither . that Mimrnlhcm^
li'iiud fo neccrt'aiy for the purify w^ and ipifdy excradion of(hcirG'i//J , t'lir i' is not ftid without eauic
by the Chmifts , that ^h\filvir givts iht niariir to UolJ , 4ind Suiphu) ilu-form. d C Z) S C O , ill
the Latitude of i;; De^'rees and 30 minutes about 130 It. i^ues. in thi l.iiloi £/w.i jand(irii<te ma
I lU'Kcd and unccju.il loil, begirt with M()untains ; but on botii fides ol a plea anr and conuu.fdiou-. Kiver.
()i ( e the feat. ri>yal ofthc hr^.u or PiruvuDi Kings . who tile more to beautifie tins ( ,'ify , tom mamleJ
cve'y one of his Nohititj to build here a /'.</,(rc for their to'itinual abode ; flill of mod credit in tins
Couii.rey , both for beautv and bignef* ,«nd tlu mulritudt* of liiiiab,tants;here bein" thouyn to dwell
ICCO Spar.iards , and looooofthe A'w/ni/.btfides women .indchildre.'\ I be P.ilni otthe Kinj; advan-
ced on a lolty mountain , was held to Oi- a worK of fo i;reat raagnificcinc biiiU of fuch huge and m.,flie
ftoncs, that the '^p.viUrds thou, ht it to have been the work r.ther of divils than of mc.i. Now mifera'ly
d< faced, moll of the Hones bcinfj; tumbled down to build private bouies in theCaty jfoineof ihe
Churchc raiftd alfo by the ruini s of it-and amonuft them perhaps bo'h the I'.ifliops I'alac." and C.tthtJr.i!,
whofeinnudl Rents .'retlLmated at 10000 Duett y- Vet did not dii'. v»li .iwldint; yield more lullre to
the Ciiy oiCtifco, rli n a fpacious M.irkft-pl.ue ; the Ce>iti:r in wh ih tlioit hig' -wayes did meet together,
«;lmh the hig.ts hjd tauitd to be maae trols tlie Kingdom , both tor Icnpdi and breadth, with moft in-
tndibie ch !L'i and piins , for th.uleof their .subjids. Of which mote lie;., if'ter. 7 a fr.tnci/todcU
J iitori.i, at the foot of the j4>ides a '^ptinifi t^olonie, and about ;o leagues fioiii Ciifcu. S s'jii,i>tiLl()r(K,
in the Valley of C^.tvityan , nciiihboured .vith rich Mincsofthe purell Gold, whence it liad ihe name* a
Co!onieofS/!<»«»rf>-<ijal(o. (Jeyond the ^Mii« lie lome Countries mucli tamed for wealth : the difcovcty
whereof hath of en been attempted by the Spaniards, fomctimes with lo'i, not Icldom withlomc hopes of
a better fortune, but hitlierto without fiiccets.

5 COLLAO licth on the South of fliofe Provinces , which we hivecomprehend d under thcname
ofCi'fio J having on the Weft, the relJ oi Lima ; on the South.Zw Chanhui on the Hall, thoie unknown
Countries beyond the Andes. Shut up on ttie Haft and Weft by two moun: nnous Ridges ; whicli Iveeprng
liioncnninbody till they tomebcjoiid the City oiCnJco , do there divide thcmfelves, and t;rovv wider
and ■.' iucr, not to meet again.

The Coutitrty plain and full of Rivers , well ftored with rich paftures , and thofe paftures with preat
' erusorCattr.1, b.irreii orcorn,and not well furnifli.d with yli,);cr i inftcad whereof they make their
hr.ad of a Root called Pf/).t, dried in the fun and bruifed to powder ; of which the Spaniards vr. .\iipt.\Z
'^y\n at tlie Muits of Wtofi. Vet notwichftanding this great w,;:-.r , it is thouj.' lit to be the molt populous
^\'.ii ofall Pi ru i tl.e fourdncfi and temperature of the Air(w!iich is here very mucii commended) a» much
t(ii.!utu.g to the populofine ofaCountrey.asthenchnefsand plenties of the Soyl. The people >"lfoofa
c'.e..: cr and more folid judgement , than the reft ofWru : and fo well skilled in the oblervucioi. 'ol'tho
CiiLi! fe of the A'foui, that the Spaniards at their coming hither, found the year di(hnt;.iini.d into Mvncths,
\',\tk% di.ys j tor each 01 which they had a proper and IV;niticant n.iras. I'hc famous Lake oiTiticica .»
wKiiiniliispi-ovince.

Plac.s

LosCharcas.

P E~R U.

Placet of Rreaten note in it, i.CAi»f«/Mj4, naturally flrongindalmoft inacdllihk.mv w'':U:ii.tr
with unfordable watcriioi impafllible Mounraini : one c,4>i/rj oncly leading to if.wliicli for tlir ini,. oi"
three lca|uei,i» f.iid tobccapablc but of one at once. 2 //j^Mrr.enobledwichmany fair.ii.iJ miHv
building;! icrprcially with /f/«»«mrNr/ of the dead, which exceed the rcK both in coit and numbiT : i.tr
that caufe by the A;<«NMrWi called Z,<MJ'i'^N//ii(r4<. The Inhabitanti ofthii TraA iniuh wafted by the
Civil Wan.whitli the SpMHurdt had among themfelvei. j lUtunc^U, the A/ttropvtis or chief I own of
thii Province, ai the namcdoibngnilie: not far from which the lamoui River Carav4y.i,t'.moui for die
abundance of(7#/(/ in the fand<thereo», hath ill firft original. 4. C*i>im, a Colony of die Spamardt
on the bunki of the Lake ofTiticac4 ; a Town of fo great trade and ncbch that th; Govcrnour lici co» 11
nimcd immediatly by the King ; hit place being ellimated at the worth of $0000 DMcatt yea. ly . 5. 7m.
giumiuo, at the mouth, or out- let of that L -ke • fuppofcd to be the moft ancient Burrougli of IVr/n .- now
mod remarkable for the ruin ji of certain gicat and ftupcndioui buildings, fomc of tl>c ftonei whereof are
faid (d be 30 foot long, iiftecn foot in breadth, and fii in tnicknefle .• not to be brought thither wiiliouc
the help of Iron Hnginci (which (hit people had not till of late) but by fo.ue (trange Artr j.Z)f l.i I'ac
or NufftrM SetiHora tie U Paz, by the SfAniards Cf lied alfo Puthlo Ntnvo , and by the Natives ChtjuiaLo,
according to the name of the dtntred m which n ;bndcch, is fuuaie at the foot of a little Mountain , by
which detcnded from the in jurici of windc and weather . but over-looking a large plain of great fernli.
ty : well watered, and well wooded both for fruiti and fewel. 7. ChiUnt. 8. Acot. 9. Pmata. 10. Leti'
u \ and othcri of at little note.

6. LOS CH ARC AS on the l^orth is bounded with £»»»4, and Collao ; on the South.with CMt;
6n the Weft, with Mare delZitr ; on the Gaft,with fome Countieyt not yet well difcovered, inter pofcd
betwixt It and the i^ovince of it«(ii'/4/'/4r<i. This alfo called by the ntfmc of F/^m , according to the
name of ihechiel Citie of it.

The Coimtrcy extended in length from North to Sooth, but 300 leagues ; but meafuring by the Sea.
Ihorei, above 400. Not very rich in Corn.or Cattel.though in many placet furnifticd with good Pafture.
grounds ; but for the ixexhauftible Mines otCo/f^ and Ji7vfr,not be equalled in Peru- Of ttiefc the prin.
cipal thofe of Porco and Potof%, but thcfe laft the chief : out of which comet that mafte of Silver , lyhich
yieldeth the King fo much profit yearly, as before was mentioned. The Mine aoo Fathoms deep , 10
which they do delcend by Ladders made of raw Hides, 800 ftcpt : fome of the workmen not feeing the
Sun many monKhs together ; many fall down with their loads of Silver on their backs, pulling others af-
ter them \ ^nd many dying in the works for want of Air. For the refining oh]i\%[Silvcr there are 52 £«.
lines, or Silver-AtiOtufon a River near unto it ; 22 more in the Talley of Turnfut not far off, bcfides
ihany which they turn with horfes. I he Poett .words never more literally veriiicd thiui in thcfe deep
Mints i where fpcakingof the Iron- Age ^ hcdefcribitit thus :

Nee Untnnt fegetes, alimentaijHe debita dives

Pofcehatnr humui i/id it urn eji in vifcera terrt *

^iHffine reconSdernt, Stygiil'que ddmoverat Hmtrit, ,

EffodiHntHropes^irrit*mintnm»larHm.

Which I finde thus rendred by C7fiir^f 5'4»4rjr.

. - . r. • I

JNorvith rich Earths JMflmHrijbments content ,
For treafure thej herfecret entrails rent.
That poiverfnll evil, which all power invades,
ij her well hid, and wrapt in Stygian Jhades.

' Placciofmoft importance in it, i./'iUM,ro called from the rich Mines of Silver, and found in Mount
?«rr« near adjoyning,well emptied by the ancient /»^44, but fearchcd into again by Francifco Pit/trro;
wbo Cit is thought j might have raifcd hence 200000 Ducats of yearly income , if hopes of greater
at Potofi had not took him off. The Town commodioufly felted in a fruitfull foyl , in the i p'h. degree
9( Latitude, and 180 leagues diftantfi!O.JtueCitie,ofC«/ro> honoured with the feat of the Govcr-
nour, and the Cowrri of Juftice ; and beautified fbcHdet many Religious houfes) withafairC.<of<iV.i/;
the See of the bcft endowed Bifhoprick of all frrw.t hit Sevennes being eftimated at 80000 l''Mcats of
yearly Rents. l>y the Natives it is called Chutjuifacaj. 2. Oropefa , twenty leagues from Plata , built by
Don FrancM da Toledo, when Vice- Roy hrre,in the rfch and picafant Valley called Cochabamba, An. 1 5 6 j.
3. Foro/;, neighboured by thofe wealthy Mines atrtadyroentioncdk Difcovered firft in the year 154;.
before which time this Town was but a forty Village ; now the bcft peopled and frequented in all the
Province : faid to be conftantly inhabited by four, or five thoufand Spaniards , many more of the Na-
fives; not fo few as 3 oopo workmen appertaining to it, but lodged in the Villages adjoyning : befidet
the infinite reforc of Merchants in purfuit of profit, and idle C74//<««f^, who come hither for theit,
lufts and pleafures. Situate in the 21 Degree, and 40 Minutes of .foNr/vrn Latitude, in a cold and very
barren foyl ; yrt plentifully fiirnifhed with all Commodities , both for neceffity and delight. For as the
money it.fo the Market ai wayes. 4. Mifque. a fmall Town , but one which furniftieth Pctojia, with good
pkntyofWine, as j.i4e*»i//<,and 6. 7'«W*'<«, do with Wheat , Maize , Sugar , and choice of Fruits.
7. Arica,tht n\o(\ lotvd //4w»ofthisCountrey, intheZ4m.-ii; of ipDegieesi and 80 Leagues , or '
thercaboou from the Mines oiPctoiia ; the wealth whereof brought hither on the backs of their fheep,

Ddddd a i*

lOf.Ct

, .i

1070

PERU.

Los Charcas.

1 1'

I'll

ish ;rihii)pe(l tor/./.'w.i, iiic iruiti licreui experienceU by Mr Francu Drake , who leized here on three
Jz-iKiyj lliiin,ifioBeorwliithvvis57 Bars of filver, each of them twenty pound weight a piece. lew
ottirr Towns, it i'.ny, upon ill thisCoaft, whith is altogether Rocky ,barren,and unfit for habitation ; ac«
lordnigly but liulc peopled, or not at all.

Come vvc mow to the remvUn Itory , which we ftiall fum up wirh as much brevity as we can : The peo-
pL' generally t;ovcrned by the C/w/of their Tribes, as in all Countreys elfe, where neither the Arms of
torremcrs, nor tlitf ambition of fome (tvi ofthe Natives, had not diminiftied any thing of tbofe liatit-
rd/ rights. Not ii:b)cd to any one Sftpream rill thefj latter times ! the Im^m, or Monarchs of Peru grow-
ing unto their ^rcatneffc but a little before their fall. Their Territory at the firft fo fmiU.lhat it was not
.ibove five, or iix leagues in corapaffe ; fituate in that part of theCountrey where the Cicie oiCafct now
iKindc'.li. ()p('o('ed at ihi-ir firfi incroachments by the Cunntrcs a valiint Nation, ci.a hkely to have had
'hebet;r,ifttic J >^^.r, 'lid not helped ihemfclvesbyapieceofwitigwingitout.that their Family bad
!iOt <in;.'!ybcen ;hc :>eminarj from which mankinde came; but the Authors of that Religion alfo which
wa? thi n in ulc particularly that the whole World.having been deftroyed by a Flood , ejicept onely fe-
ven ( io tar chcy hit upon the truth J which feven had hid theiiiielves in a Cave, called Patkamh ; where
having livLtl in fafcty till the tut v of the waters had been artwnged, they came abroad at laft and re- peo-
pled iIh- (.ou'urey •, th.it I'ir.tcocha the Creator, and great God of Nature, had appeared to one of them,
and c;:i.ti,iit liinihow.and w rli what rites he would be worlhipped ; which rit« were afterwards received
tivir all Peru ; And finally that th; fame Firacocha had appeared lately to ihf ch$ef of their FamJy ; at
linngiiKutli.ii he would aid him with invilible forces againft c'l their inemies. This tale foon gained
b.let amor.gff tholi; BarbAriarn ; and that belief drew many to take part with the IttgM > by that aid vi-
dorious. I his IS fuppofeU cu have hapned 400 years before the SpanUrds put an end to this flounfhing
Kingdom, wh ch was in the year 1533. VVichiii which time they had brought all this Countrey, which we
now call f^^«, and many of the ad joyning Provinces, under their Dominion, Their Kings were called
Jfi^.u, as the t^gjptiam Pharaoh , ihe Tartan Cham ; the word Inga fignifying an J-mpironr , as Capa
'Jngiti (by which ttiey alio fumet;roes called thrnij iheonetj Emperours. Much revvrrenccd by their Sub-
|\.-rts,ind fo faithfully ferVv'»<, that nev>r any of their Subjtas were found guilty o' Tre*fo^. Noi wanted
rh..y pood Arts whereby to iWffr their Subjcvts, and keep them out of luinre to foment new fadions.

: he way o( indeeimtnt, by t he laii and fatistadory difli ibution of the fpoils gotten in the Wars, whether
Lands, orGoods; all which they divided into three parts . allotting the tirl> unto the fervice ofthe
Gods i the lecond for the maintenance ofthe King , his Court , and N >bles j the thiru , to the relief of
the common r -'ople. A d rtribution far more equal than that oiLjcnrgiu, or the Ltx Agrma of the
Romans, ii.-i when tl<'e was no caufe of Wars , they kept the people balied in their works o M^gnifi'
(CKrf i as build ng RaLuesm every one ofthe Cow^wrrM Provinces ,\vhi.hferved not onely at Puru to
afliire the Coi.queft, but were employed as Store-houfes to lay up Piovifions, fliftributed amon|;ft i^c peo-
ple III times of dearth. Rut thai which was tl, . worK as of great trouble, fo of clueffd ufe was .he ci ofTe-
w.'.y s ihe^ made over all the Countrey, the one upon the Mountains, and the other on the Plains , ex.
tci.ditig 500 leagues in length : a work to be preferred before any both 'ti Rt-me, and t/£gjpt. For they
were lorcco ior?i(ethe >',round in many places to the heighth of iheMountai'^s, ^.m m^ the Mountains
level witiitht fljticlt f /.(;«.'; to cut through lome Rocks , and underprop 01 in 'f that were ruinous; to
maKc : ven luch wayes as w^re uncafie, and fupport the Pnecipices : and in the Plains to vanquifti fo ma-
ny d-ffieuities, as the untenam foundation of a landy ' >untrey muff needs carry With it. Kept to thelc
tasNs, the people had no '"-irure to think of praftifes ; )Ct well content to undtTCo them , in regard tbey
law !i [tided to the p^/r/ui^WKf/Jf. AndfortheOri^w/ (lothey call ihc J\,'oiilitj ) the I»g4 did not
onely command thcni to rrfidcin C*r/«,tobeaflur«dolthtir perfons; but cauled them to lend their
Childrin to be brought up there ; that they might ferve a.s Hofisges for the Fathers Loyalty. They or-
dcriu a Io that all fuchasrepaired to Cx/ffl the Imperial Citie, lliould be attired according to his own
Coaitrey fafhion . fo to prevent thofe Leagues and A^ociations , which otherwife without any note, or

b.cr .ation, might be i, ade amongft them Many fuch Pe//;«-i^ii»ftituiions were by them devifcd , which
lir.a littK ot the Barbtrom in them . and clearly ftewed that there were other Nations which had F.jes in
thar Heads, befides thofe of China. What elfe concerns tl e ftory of them, of^ceth it felf in the follow-
ing Catalogue of

The Kings of P e r u.

1. Mmgo-CifZC Jef(e»ded of the chief of the firft fevett F4miUes , the firfl wht Uid the
foutdAtitri of this fuifjdnt Mtntnhte •, jul/ditedihe Cannares, dud Mt the Cttie of Culcft.

2. Sinchi-Rocha, eldeft Son offAia^OiJuhdrnd agrtoi f*rttf CoUao, 4t f»r *s Chan-

cjra.

3. Lonquc- Yupanqui. the Sen »/Sinchi, conquered c>niqu«o, Ayavirc,//"; Canus , and
the inhahitdiit^ahtut Titicaca •, the firfi tdvsnter of the fervtci •/'Viracocha , from whom
he did f> etenJ to hive many vifiti.

4. M3yta-Capic,<Ae5o»#/Yupanqui,/»*i»?^4ifr)6*rf/?*/Collao, the Previntes of
Chuquiapa, and a grett fart ofthe Charcas.

J. Capac Y upanqui, or Yupanqui II. the Soto •/Mayta, tiolarged his Kingdom Weft-
n'<»r.V#'-/# Marc otl Zur. .

6. Ro-

:-$i5.;«s<ri(*iJi.

ree

■ew
ac«

:0-
of

tH-

IW-

noc
low

E R U.

eived
af.

lined
vi-

6. Rocha II. <jr Ynchj Rocha , eldeB firn of Yupinqai the fecend , tnU-ged hi- i-tnc
iom tewdrds the North, Ijj/ the couqiteU of the great Province of Antabuyallam , Aitd many
others.

7. Jahuar Huacac, fonof Kocha the fecottd^ added to his Eltdtes (hy the valour of his
brother May ta) all the Somherrt farts from Arcquipa to Tacaman. Defofedbj thepr^aije of
hit Jon.

8. Viracocha, the [on <»/"Huacac , having fetled ai$i inltrged his hmfire ; raifed m.tnj
great and fiaielj works, andamoagfi others m*>iy Aquacdufts of great ufe but charge. For
fear of him, Har.cohualla, t:sng of the Chuncas[, with many tieufands of his feofle , forjook
their Countrey.

p. Pachacutec-Ynca, fonofWinchoa, improved his Kingdom by the con^ueft of ma-
ny Provinces Ijing towards the Andes, andStuth-Sea-^ rvtth that of Caximiku North-
wards.

10. Yupanqui III. or Yncha Yupanchi, fon of Pichitacecjubducd the Conches , and
Moxcs? withfome fart 0/ Chile.

1 1 . Yupanqui IV. or Tapac Ynca Yupanchi,/*^ of Yupanqui the third , extended his
dominions as far m Quito.

12. Huayna-Capac, or Guaynicapac, fon */ Yupanqui the fourth , themtfl mighty Mo-
narch of Peru, conquered the whole Province o/Qiiico -, and is fuffojed to be the fowder of
tho(e two great Roads ffoken of before.

1 3 . Huafcar, or Guafcar Ynca, the eldeft fon of Guaynacapa , after a reign offvt years
depofed and flam t>j his brother.

14. Axhai]p2, or Atahzhbt^the third fon Cuaymcapz, by the daughter aitd Heir of the
King ofQnilo: into which Kingdom hefucceedcdby the Willofhis Father. Commanded by his
brother to do Homage for the Kingdom of QjJito, he came upon him wtthfuch power , that he
overcame htm, and fo gained the Kingdom. Vanqutlhed afterwards by Pizarro at the battle
c/^Caxani,ili:;i, he wa* taken prifoner. And though he gave in ranfomtffor his Ittc ahd liber-
ty, anhoufr ftUdup on all fidtswtth Gold and Stiver y valued (as fome fay ) at ten Millions of
Croivnt ; yit I hey feifiditujli few him.

15. Mango CapacU. the jecond fon «f Caiyt\lCipiC, fubflituted by Pizarro in his bro-
thers ihronc-^ aficfnanyvicisfitudes of Foriiine,wa<at lait (litntnthiLitieefCwicn-., a^^d
fo the Kingdom of the Ingas began and ended in a Prince of the fame name ; as ti had hapned
formerly to jome other Fflates.

Lfcusncxt look upotuhe birth ami fortune cftha:i'(C4rn), who fubdued this mof> potent ind flou-
nlhi.ic Kinudom, aid madf it a Member of the Spanifi Etnpire ; and we (hall finde that he was born ar
I'riitiglio, A S illape ot Navar i and by the poor VVhore his Mother,laid m the f .hu-'tli porch, and fo iefc
rotioJsprovidcnce: by whoediredionC there being none found thu would g vc him chc breaff) ht
was nounrticJ lor certain dayes, by fucking a Sow. At laft oncGonfalUt, a Souj.'ier uCNnouled 'eJ hiTi
f'li his Ion. pot him to Nurfe, and when he WiwfoiMwhat grown, let him to \feii bisSamj l^m'- of
whiih beini,', ftrayed, the boy durft not for fev retorn hotne , but betook himlelfr in* heel' , 1 iti unto
iwi/.and there fliipped himfelf for /4mfnc<«i wh«wht attfnded /4//o«/ottOi«^.(inthcdiki>virvo( the
Countreys beyond the Golfof 'LVd^.t : BalhM ip hit voyage » the South Sea . and Pearo ,ie AviU in the
corKjucOot \'nnatrt.t. Grown rich by thcfc AdvCTfjjrei, fee affociated himieli witliZ)<V/o(^ .-//w^^ro.and
/frw.!«i/(; iw^wf/ a rith Prieft : who betwixt them failW -20 Souldiirs, and in the year 15^5, went to
fetk their lortun.s on thofe Southern Seas, which Sa^a had belore dilcovered After di\eri r.'pulfe? at
hi' landing, and fomc hardfhip which he had endured, ViiJirro at the length ronK lumt of the Inhabitants
of IVrK.of whom he learnt the wealth of the Countrey -, and returning thereupon to Spain, obtained the
Kinr,s tommifl';i:'n for the conquert of it : excluding his (^ompai ions out of the Patent , but takini; in
Almagro of his own accord. Thus furniflied he landeth ia Verst again, at fuch time as tho VVai s grew hot
betwixt the two brethrcn.for the Kingdom ; and taking part with the fadion of (j«<i/rrfr, marched againft
y/f«/'4/»/yj *\\ horn he m;jt with in the Plains of C<i.vriw.i/c'4, but rather prepared for a parley, than to
fi;!ht a liatffl. Pitorrot iking this advantage, puk^d u quarrel with biin.and fuddenly charged upon him
with his Horfe and Odnanie, fl ivini; bis Guard without refiftance * and coming near the K nj;>. peilon
(■'vho was then cartno on metis (boulders^ pullid himdown by theCloaths, and took him pnloner.
'Vth himthc\ tooKasmui'i (iolda«,imoiinted x.0%0000 CaflelUtts : and as muih Silver as amounted
to 70CO Markj (ivery M-irk, weiiThing eight ounces/ ot his houfliold Plate 1 and in the fpoyi of Cax,x-
»w.'r.(, Imoft III h.iire riches, f his with the Kmgsranfom.cametolnjgreatafumme, that befidcs die
fifcpirt wliith ri<..(r,,i lent ti) the limperour, and that which P«t4rra and his brethren kept unto ehem-
ielvcs , every 1 o irman h id 7 '.00 DurMt, and every Horfman twice as luucb , for their p irt of the fpoil ;
besides wh^t rliev hid gotten in the way of plunder. How they dealt afterwards wiih the mih. able
Kins, their pnf.itier, hith been (hewn alreidy. Upon which Aft. though they put many fair pretemes,
yet (LJod dcsland that he was not pleated with their proceedings ; few of the greatcit undertakers going

Ddddd ? tM

1071

i?i

ff'l.

W-

PERU.

to the Grave in peac;. For though P«"*xrro in reward offo i^i eaca fervics, was made t!i: fir:1 Viceroy of
Peru, >iii^ created Marqueffe of Anatilla ; yet having put to death Alrnngro , his chict tompaoion , who
liid raiftd a Prong fadtion in that i^tate ; he was after {lain at LmA, by Ion;'' oftli.it f.id:oii, in vcv cngc
of the death of their ( OTimandcr. 1 he hkeunfortunate end befeU ail the relt ; his brother "j ,.r, ih'.n by
i]\tPerHvia':s\Mttrtitt,\nLimii\v\l\i\\\{ak\i'Ferdtniindi),hcxtt\^ made aw.iy in prifon ; and linally
G»»/ii/f/ the fourth brother (with thcfon of ^/«4^roXsveraliy txecu'cd for tiioir Trcaibns and inliirre-
dions,which they had a Aed in this Countrey againlt their King. So httie joy doth uealtli lil gy; ten bring
along with it, to the ewntnthereof. And here I am to leave f/^rro.whofc ilrange both fortunes ^: m\i-
fortunes in thecourfe of his life.are to be paraielled onely with the like of i'(/M»,a great Ba^* in the Court
oi Selimiu the Brft ; who being bern of bife Parental^, as he (being a Childe) wa« ileeping in tii: (hade,
had his genitals bittenoff byaiyow. The Twr^i/J Officers which ufiuatly provided young boycs for the
fervice ot the Grand Sigmcur, being in E^riu ( for thai was Si»»Hs Countrey/ and hearing ot this fo ex-
traordinary an hunuch < took him among others, along with them to the Court : whe:°c undcf Mahomet
thcgreat,^4;4«/rthefecond,andhisfoniS'r/»»M,hefoexceedingly thrived, that he was made the chief
Ba^a of the Court v and fo well deferved it , that be was accounted Setimni right hand , and was indeed
the man, to whofe valour efpecially , the Turks owe their Kingdom of Egypt i in which Kingdom , then
not fully fetled, be was alfo ilain.

But to return unto ffr«, no quedion but the Forces and Rtvenues of it were exceeding great., For
chough we iindc no panicular muders which they made of their men ; or what great Armies they (Irrw
with them into the Field i yet by their great fuccefles, and many vtdories, we may conclude them to be
mafters of great Bands of men, and tkilfull in the Arts of condud. Norcanive ochcrwile conjeAure ac
the greatnefle of their yearly MC0i»f, but by the greatneflie of their Treafure; fo infinite and almoft in*
credible, that all the Veflels of the Kings Houfe, bis Fable, and Kitcbin were of Gold and^Silver • Stuutt
of Giants in his Wardrope, together with the refemblancei in proportion and bignefle, of all the Beads,
Birds, Trees, Plainti, and Fiflics , which were found in that Kingdom, of the pured Gold ; Ropes,Kudgets,
Troughs, Chedt , all of Gold, or Silver i Billets of Gold piled up together, as it they had been Ijillets of
Wood,cnt oat for the fire < three houfes full of pieces of Gold, and five full of Silver. All which, befidc*
infinite other Ireafures, fell into the hsodtof a few poor ffaniartli : who grew fo wanton hereupon,
that they would give 1 500 Crowns for an horte, 60 Crowns for a fmall Vcflel of Wine , and 40 for a pair
of :>hooct, : Confuming all upon their luds, and facciiicing tbcir Goth tfGtid to thtit G»d the Btllj.

I:-

J: r

If,

h--

%r.:

I075

CHILE.

m LE k bounded on the North , with t!ie DefArt niALuAm.i . go r.cifjups in tenj^rh ir<.
icrpoled betwixt it and Pirn: on the Weft, with Af.i>c di /ZH>--,m the ^i.uu , writ
tlie Streits of Magellan ; and on the r.aft a* Car as to Rio de la I'lat.t , wi'h the man'i At-
lantick ; the Countries lying on ilic Haft , betwixt it and Par^tuj , not yet wtll diko-
vered.

' This Counircy lyetli wholly beyond tbcTropick^ oi Capricorn , by confequenn* in ti;c cem»cr.ite Zjite :
extended in length from the borders of Peru, to the mouth of tiie Streitt , 50^ L-.Mgiie5 ; but tU b ..lucli
variahlc and uncertain. Called Chile, from the word Chil f which in morjtongu-.s than (Ui.sdoth
lignifie as miitli as cold) from the exiream coldnefs oUhe Aireand^^.lime; lovthement here in our
Summer Sol/bcc , that many times both the Horfes and the Riders arc frozen to death, and hardned hse
apieceof /l/.rr/'/f.

The foil hereof in the midland parts. Mountainous and unfruitful! v towards the Sea fide.levcll fev-
tite .andw.uiicd with divers Rivers flowing from the Mountains : produftive of ^^/(/.te , vV'ie't ,'arid
moft rxcclient p.fturage; plenty ofGold and Silver, abundance of Honey ,ftore of Cii eel , and \Vme
eiiouch tor die ule of the people j the Vines brought hitheroutof.r^.rjwprofpering here exceedid^^'y,
as do aUo all the 1 ruiis, and Plants, which are fe.it from thence into tins Countrey. The people very ': ill
iiid warlike, iome of tlitm o( &Cigunti>ie dilute .aftirmtd f but I hclieve it not J to be eleven foot hi .h •
yet well conditioned with this greatRefs , where not much provoked Their girmenrsofthe skins of
Beafts , thf ir Arms Llow and Arrows : white of complexion, but as hirjute and flugg c haired, as ihe rtft
oftUc S.ili'.iget.

Rivirs of ante there are notany but what will fall within the view of its fev era! Provinces: Divided
commonly i ito i Chile, fpecially fo called, and 2 Mugellanica.

I. CHILE fpeciillv fb caHed, is bounded on the North, with th^Defart of /I/^m»»^ 'onthe
South, v.i;h MagelUnicn \ on the Weft, with Mare rft/ /?;<>••' nnd on the t-lift .witli mm. u.iKiowti
Coinir ics , \) ing betwixt it and Paragnaj , or the Province ol Rio de U PUt4 . Hoc above 20 L. .igj, . n
breadth, bur in length 3C0. The rcalon of the aame, together witn tne nacurc ^(f the f.iyi *ntX peo,)lc, wc
have ftcn before.

Prmtipil Rivers of this part . i Rio ^ Copayapo , giving name unro a Promontorie ncr the influx of itj
in the Northern borders of this Pi')vince. 2 KiodeCoqmmbo , 3 La Ligna , ^Topor.i/ma j Cacipool,
C Civ.ten ;all falling into Mare delZnr ; andbefiduschele .anameleis, bjt mr)ref)nu> ■ .v'v.-r , whivh
intliedaytimerunncth with a violent current, and in the night harh no water at a'( riierci! ift 01 i'is,
becaufe this River having no conftant Fountain , is both begun and continued by the Snow tailing f otn
the Mountains i which in the heat of the day melted into witcr.itprccipi'ar-ly crrryed no hjSea ; but
congealed in thv: coldnefs oftbe night, yields no water at all.whereby the Cha inel b^o n^tli en i"-;.

l^lates of mofl obf-Tvation in it,i (7o;»d/)o , giving nametoa fertile Vali-y , in the moir>Jjrth.rn
traft hereof; -ind neiglibonrtd by a fmallj but commodious Haven, zSercna ,\t'(^\<i(\\<(^^i^eSptt•
m^ri\i ,onilic'iea fide, not far from the influx of i{/ot/fCo'.7<«w^o , on whofe banK;, it isfeated ,whtrj
built by BiiUivia the Conqiierour and firrt Governour or this i'rovmce, An. 1 544. Ylie territory round
about it rich in Mines of Gold : the Town it felf oi 200 houfes , but fo well peopled . that at the landing
of (omc of the Er.glifi uudcr Captain Dmki , they preliintly fent out jvoo Hotft and 200 Foot to cora-
pcU them back unto their (hips, which they did accordingly. 3 J. /'<«^o , the chief of ill this Province,
( though not above 80 hoifes in it ) becaufe the ReJSdence of the Governour , and the Conrts of Jultice ;
adorned with a Cathedral Churc^i , and fomc Convents of Z)«i«i;;(Vj« and Frdwnj'i.rw Friers, fituate
in t!ie 34 D.g.-ce o( Southern Latitude, on the banks oi the River T'o/)jf.(//M,i , at the raourh whereof
1^ the H.iYen of f\tl pantijo , tlie beft and moft noted of this Countr y i out of Johich the l'>:^/i/lj indet
Dr.4ke took a Spiiiiifljttvp , .ind:!iercin 25COO Pfitaofthe piircft Gold , b fides other Coui.. uditics.
4 CouLpiion , 70 Uagiies on the South ol S.^.igo.fituate on the (horesof a large and capacious ;?sy ( by
tiie Njtivts talk J w'wo ) by which and the mountains on all fides fo ftrongly fenced that the Go er-
nour.'whendilirLfl'td b^ t'lt Sulvaia f as fiimctimes they are) retiroth hither for laiery. Well Km ;i.
fit d in futh pUcf sas arc aici flibl;, anJ garnfoned With 500 ("luldiers, befidcs the '"ownfincn. Oppcfitc
lici eur to lyctli tiie Illc ol ^. /l/.<m , lo near the fhore, that it feems to h:tve b-cn i enr Pom it by ' he force
ofth'. '-ea ; fiiiitliill ,aiid vtry weil provided of Swine and Poultrie , but the people fo in te.ir of the »p.<,
hiunis Uvvc'iiri; in Ctmcpiur,, that they dire not kill or eat cither, but b\ l.'ave from ihi-m. 5 ■ln'.iuo.t
( lo 1 thi: k th< V call it ) a ftronj; 1 o^trcN in the Countrey of the Ai4r.tca»s , the moll poient N ition of
tlitfe ports ; w,io weary otthe Spanijl, yokc.revolted againft B,i/divi.t. ovcrc&me him in :i fct li /ht.and at
lift Mlled li!tii;tiii5 piece heingt!iereupon forlaken,& of no more u(e 6 De los Ccf/i'-Ai, built by B.t/Mvi4
in the bind. IS of I he Counirev of thole .■liir.Huns,t.o ferve for adcfenceitothe Mines ofO;j^i;/ne.ir ad-
joynini' nlitTmc (roui the Scn.fliores about 18 Lcap.ues, enlarged hyGarli.is de Af.n.i z..t . aouby him
« illed / i//.i A"( .v:m di lot inf.wtes. 7 t/nperi.ile , in the 38 Degree and 40 Minutes o'SuHthern Latitude,
ii;uatc on the banks of t!ic ilivcr C.(.7t(7! , an bpifcopal iiee , and the btU fortrcfs of the Spdniatds in all

(hi{

fi ,,y

^>i ; I i

fii

'""■■^4 ;

1074

CHILL.

AGELLANICA-

this Province. Fortified and made \ Colonic of J'/»<j««W/ in the year 155 1. and by ^<(y./;V/rf called A^
JmperiaU, becaufe they found an Ea^le with ivo hcaJs made in Wood , on tiie doors of their houfes ; a
monuraeht perhaps of fome Germans, wtio had here been flupwrackt. A Tottii of io tircat wealth and
power.before known to the Spaniards, that in a war betwia them and the Ayitmnns , fpoken of bfforc,
they are laid to have brought into the field 300*00 men. 8. yU/a /fif<«, another Colonic of SpaniarJs,
1 6 uagues on the South- Eaft of ImperiaU, and 2 j leagues from the (horej of AUre delZnr. 9. Batdi-
iM,thtmoft noted Town ofall theft parts, lituate in the Valley oi Cuudullanguen, in the Latitude of
40 degrees, or thereabouts : adorned with a fafe and capacious Havtn , and neighboured by Mines of
Gold of fucb infinite nihes , that Baldivia (by whom built for defence of thofc Mines) received thence
dayly by the labour of each (ingle worKman, 25 000 Crowns a man, and rometimts more. Sacked by the
Salvages, An. 1599 fincerepairtdb^ the.Sp/i«Mr^/. icO/orno, ontheHanksoftheBayofCWw?, (or
Ancud, as the Salvages tall it> fiiu-itc in a barren fo>l, but well ft ore d with Geld, and thought to he more
populous than r^Wiwrt u lelf. u.C4/?ro, the moft Southern iownofall this Province, in the Latitude
of 44. buik in a large and fruitfiill {land of .he Bay ot Ancud , faid to be jo leagues in length , but the
breadth unequal » in fome pans ni'-e, in others not above t wo leagues. 1 2. S.Juan de U Frontevd, on the
further fide of the Andes , towards Paraguaj, or Rio de U Plata.

I o this Province there belong afo certain Iflands lying on the Coaftsand ftiorrt hereof, i. ^..M.iriet,
fpoken uf before. 2. Mocha, upon the South of that, five leagues from the Continent, fruitfull of vjrain,
and vi ry good Paftutage » lufficient 10 maintain the inhabitanci of it, who btiipg the delcendants of fbofe
^wfrifdw, who f\td hither to avoid the tyranny of the J'fdw'Wj hitherto have made good their hberty
agiiiili lUdt Nation ; of which io jealous, that they would not fufTor the Engtipj under Drake and C*.
vtndifhio land amongthhem, for fear they had been J';>4»Mr<it, or fome mends of theirs. 3. Calht,
which we have fpoiwn ol already.

2. MAG ELL AN IC A is bounded on the North with Chile , and the Province of Rio tie la
Plata • on the South, wita frctxm Alagtllanicum, or the Streits ot Magellan > on the Weft , with Moft
del Zur ; on the Eaft with Mare del N»ort, or the main Atlantic t So tailed from MagtlUnm})^ whotn
fittt dilcoveted.of whom we (halt ficak more liereafter.

It is in length from the borders of c hilt to (he mouth of the Streits, 300 leagues in breadth : from ok
Sea to the other, where broadeft, above 400 'eagues ; in fome but 90 onely, and in others leffe , accord-
ing as ikdraM cth towards the point of the fjyamu. i he inland parts of the Countrey not yet difcovcred :
thofeon the Sea^fideobfervedtoberocky <nd unfrmtfull.cxpofed for the tnofl part of tbi year to fuch
bittercolds, that the Sr.ow lyethalwayes on (he Mountains. The people faid to be tall of lUture , and
foHi'ofthemofaCJ^^iwfiwbigDefTe.reportedtobeten or eleven foot hiph » and by the Spaniards for
that tiafon are caiiid Patagont. Both great tind Itfle, iLfficiently rude and barbarous , quite naked , and
uniurniftied ot any houfes, noiwithflandu g the rigour of the cold.

No houfes doth imply no T«wrs, and therefore we muft look fornone in fo rude a Countrey , as
bath nocbithcito lorverfed wtlmorertii/NHtit'iis. Sothat themoft that wecando, istoCoall the
fbores, and fee what names vi Ports, or Promontories w can finde there" And firft upon tbe Sea-coafls
tow^siLi Mare del Znr , the> place (beginning at tbe North, and fo defcending^ i. The Promontory,
called C.i^c de las ijlas. 2. The Port, or Haven of ^Stephen. 3 The Valley of NueHra Sennora , or our
Ladies Valley. 4. i he Promontory called Pnnta Delgado. 5. Porto de los Bejis. t. Ancon Sinfalid* , oa
the banks ofafemi.circularbay,the receptacle of many Rivers, and not a few Ifldnds. "^.CtboJeU Vi-
iio/ta, or the Capeot ViHorit, fituate betwixt that Bay and the mouth aUhe Streits > fo calle*! from tbe
name of thethipinwtiich ioratof MagelUnes Souldiers did firftcompafTe the World. For i'crdinand
Magellant a noble Portugal, and well skilled in Navigation , at the perTwallon , or command of Charles
the tiftb, 10 whom Cupon fome difcontents received in theComt of £m<<n/W King o( Portugal) he tfi
tntde offer ot his (ieivice ; undertook the f^nd.ng oat fifpoflible) » flioiter cut to the Alohccos, than
dilcovettdtoimcrly. In the year ij 20 he began his voyage, his Fleet confi(!ing but of 5. (hips, where-
of that called the St. Anthonio forfook him in tome great dilpleafure, and returned to Spain , another of
thtm bein^ loO not long after in a (torm, keeping along the Coafl to the South of Rio de la Plata , about
the end ot OHclier , fell upon the Cape of Virgins . at the very enterance of this Streit , which on the
doublingot this Cape he was fallen upon :ard by ihti 4 oi November (riot before^ was fully clsar of
ihtk Narrow Seas , fince called f return Magtllauicum , and entered into MandtlZur. Having re-
fre(hid himlelf in a little Ifland called fmvaganava he pfTed unto that alio, but not far from the Philip-
pins, the Prince whereof called Hamahar he (Hilnr ded to become a Chnftian, baptized him b^ the name
of Charles.Si filially engaging in a quarrel of his uga nft the King of Mautan, or Mattan , an ad joyning
iflandjWhcre he was there unfortunately (lam.y^n 1 j2i After his death Jerr<iM chief I'llot of the Nafy,
together with 70 of his men being treacheroully (lam by H4m4^«tr,the other tluce (hips departed with
no more than iij men aboard them, whichputtbemtoaneciliiy nl burnirig one ot their (hips, that
thty might have men enough to n^ake good tbe others , with thcfe rwo (h'p> they came at laft to the
Mcluceos., where being kindly entertained by the King ofTiWore, 'hey divided tiemfdvei; -, that called
the 7'r(»/>j', under Capn Spino/a , isfiffici fat Panama \n J^'ew Spain from wimh driven baik by con-
trary winds to ihclfle of Tedore, was feized on .and fp«.il.d by y4«r/o»io 5mo/« Captain, cnmniandmg
there a fmall Na»y ot the Kn g of Portugals. fhe or'^er rtiip, which by a happy ome,n was tailed Vtllaria,
having in her bnt 47 Spani-irds, under the commar u ol Setajhan del Cano, a'ter a long nnd dangerous
voyage, whereii it was though' thaihehadfayl^aaivhelcatt 14000 leaguts ,teturntd to .S'p.iin in fafe-
ty, atid brought the wckom news 01 their go'.a liicctlTe

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AGELLANICA

CHILE

We ufe to fjiy that S.r Fra„cis Drakr was the firft that faylcd round about the world , which mlTbT
true ma quahhed fcnifc; ^.«. that hf wasthefirftOpM,« .or man of note that atch,eved thinner
prife , MagdUmus pending in the midft oht • and therefore is reported to have j^ivcn ior hisdevice a
<7/o*f , with this mo-.to , THfrmM circnmJcdiJH me. Tliin navigation was beuun An 1 177 and in tun;
years and an half with great viciflitude of fortune , finifhed ; concerning which hUmovs voyace, a Poti
then hving.direftSd to him this £/«^n/»». r b .diut>.

... Dnkepererrati Kovit {jitefHtermi»tuori>ii,

^emcjuefimul mHndividit Htcrque poliu :
;, - fl" Si taceatit homines, fttcknth'fjtieranotHmi

^ ;. Sol ncfcitcomituwnmemorejjefui. - *''

Dtakt, whom th'encompafj'd earth fi>fn//yl^nerv, ':'

Andwhomut once buthfoles of heaven did view :
„ ,, Shouidmen Jorget thee, Soicouid not ferbear

To chronicle h^ fellow traveller.

Tills f return MagellamcHm , thcfe MagelUn ftriits , are in the $2 degree i and air by M. John 0/t Jv '
who proieffeth to Know every Creek in thtin , thus dcfcrib.d. "lor 14 L«a;,'ues wirhm tht ODeofS.'
.*' Marie , lyeih the firnftrait .where it tbbetli and flowerh with a violent fw/iftnefs ; [h< jlrjitnot be^
"ing fully half a mile broad , and the tirft fall into it very daniierous and d')!ib:!ull. riirccieijues his
" ftrait continueth, when it openeth into a fta , eight miles long, and as much broad ; bcyon J wh.ch ly.
" eth the fecond ftrait , rifiht Weft , south- weft from the firft ; a periiods .ind unplcalin ■ piffage , thVeJ
'• leagues long, and a mile in breadth. This ftrait openech it (elf into anuth-r (ea, whitli is extenJed even
"^to the Cape of vithrj ' vihtve n the ftrait properly ciWeddK flrait of ALt^r^i/Lm < a place of that nj-
" ture , that which way ibtver a man bend his courfe , he flull be liire to have t le w'nd ig!jn(t hiTi. The
•' length hereof is 40 leag.ies ; the breadth m fome places two leagues over , in others not lull j'half i mile.
" The Channel in depth 200 l-athoms , fo no hopeof Anchorage , the courfe of 'he water iuH of lurninj's
*' and changings ; withal fo violent , that when a fliip is once entred . &.. e 1* ..^ returning. On both
"fides of it are hiph Mmntains continually covered with fnow •, fion which prouedthof; tounter-
" winds, which be t with equall fury on all parts thereof A place aflured. y no: pleafing to view and ve-
" ry hazardous to pafs. .Sotar, andtothispurpolbiW D^x/**.

But to proceed, the way thus opened , was travelled not long after , /* n. i j 25. by G.trfi.u de Lo^afa •
next in the year i534' by J'«mo»^f ///f,it;<z/o,, and four ye. rs after by three (hip* ot the lilho^ .>,/'/-<-'
centA in SpMu , but none of them had the hap or coufa'ge to adventure thorow . t II nnderta^.-n ind per-
formed h^Sa Francis Drake , An. 1577. after whichitgreXv more familiar amongftthi' fcamen. How-
foever , we are fo much debtors to the attempts of others , as that we owe to them the moft pa t of th#
names of thofe liayes and Promontories , winch they difcovered in the/wn/; : though mi' y of tluni
fince new named by the Bnglifi , and Hollanders. Thofe of moft note, proceeding from Cal>u d: U Vitlo..
ria , I Caho de (^*ie- z Cape GalUnc. 3 Cordes Eaj. 4 C.ipe Froward , being tlu very point or Corns
of this great Pjramis. 5 Porto Famine. 6 A little Ifle called EHzjtbeths /land,. \ni at thf <■*•;> of t'le
flrait into Mare del Noort , the Cape oi'f'irgins. Then b.nding Mortii*ard toward the great Kiver of
Plata, Vie find upon iht main Ocean i iJio«i?/4Cn/.v, neighboured by a Promontcie called Ci^o;/?
lM,Barer.is , where M.igeliano ftaid all .Jf/iffOT^fr ,and thegre.'.reft part ofoff»/'f; .IncxpeAation of
an opportunity to dikuNcr further. 2 The Bay of J". /■«/;;;«, out of which hefet lay. lor this adventure,
about the later end of AuguH , leaving there two of his comp.iiiions condemned of mminie. 3 /"he I'orc
ot'Dcjire. 4 A large Pnanoiitorie called die C4^(?o/ J'. George. 5 The outlets of a fair Jl-ver, named
JRio de los Camerones 6 A goodly Haven encitultd ['uoto de hs Leones 7 The Cape called Piinta de ter^
ra plana. 8 The liay i)( Amegada. 9 The PromontoriecalledtheCapeof S./f»inw And 10 he Ri-
ver of i". /4««< , beyond whicli lyeth the I'rovince of the River ot P/4M. Thisisthemo'lthat I can fiy
touching M.igdlamcii, as to the Havens, Rivers, Points and Promontories » and this is notnm.; ("as we fe)
but a Ni-tnen'cLitor. It muft be better peopled .\nd more difcovered , bcfoi e it can afford difcoui f- of mure
variety. All uecan adde . is that the paffage back again from Marc delZur to the AtLwtick^, hah not
beenj'ound lo fafe and calie as from the mam Atlantickunto M.tre delZur. A'tempted firlt jy Lairii,
lira a Sp.t>ii,i)J , at the command of Garcia ie Mendot..t , Governour of Chile . and actenip ed only r"
performed no long aftei' the voyage of^ir/>d«f« Drake ,\i'i D Prsito i.i;-w<fwa, imploded therein by
Jrancis dc Toledo, Viceroy of Peru, with much difficulty, and no leli danger; lo much, that tew have fince
endeavoured to return that way.

As for the lortunts and sff.iirs of the Pi oviiice o( Chile , to which we have made ihU an Appendix , we
are to undei ftand tliat it was firft difcovered by Alm.igro ae AlvAr.th , one of Pi^.trro'f chief iriends and
affociates. Hut he liavini' otiier defigiis in his head about Peru , which he intended lor hiiTil(;lf anf -o out
Pii^irro, did difcover it only: thecoiujielt of it being reli-'rved for ^aUUvi.t , whom f <>,.')-«, 01 die f .t'lng
of Ijis affairs by the death of Almagro , hid impioyed in that art;on. He going loulJierlike to wort. , not
only did fnt)Jiie the people ; but as he gamed ground , bii'lt foine I'nrrrcls , ot planted Cir'onies oi' Sp.int'
ards in convenient p! ices. Thi* done about the year 1 544. his ill hid; was to ineec with a mo: c ftubborn
and untrart ible p o/ie . than eitlKrX"i"-'f t or Pmirro had done before him i who quickly weary of the
yoke .helicgcd one ofliis I orts .cncountred Buldivi.i himfelt coniinr with too fnall a power to relieve
his people, vat'tfullicd and lUw hira in the field. Some adde that t'ley poured Cc/;^ into his thro it f a*

li e c e e fh''.

/■>

ti;

.f-

« V

1076

CHILE.

the I'arthuns art reported to have done to Crujfiu) bidding hira ffitUte htmfclf with that tvliUh fu fo
muchthi'jltd Af(cr this blow given in the year 15 J i. ibeSuha^ftitcoverti the rich vallies of An-
ranco. I ucixptl.MA PHrene \ which thcy keep trooi them till thimay : The Townio f£.o/Co»/iw/, *nd
VUm Rica, both on the borders of tholc vallies, then defcrted alfo. Nor (laid they there , though they
took tinif to bre. th a little. For in the year 1 599. (^having provided thcmfelves ot' 200 Corflcts , and
Icvenry Musktts j they brake out again > furprized and Ticked the Town of gtilMvitt ; Ibrccd /mptrult
after a w'lole years nrt;c, to furrender without any condirions; and in theyeari604. took Oforno by
famiMU Ofthirteen Cities,which the Sftinuirdi had pofTcfled amongil them, they had taken nine ; Ibme
ofthemlincerecovercd,butthemun demoliftwd. As ill it thrived with them in ii/<i^f//4M(-4, where P;-
dro de Starmieyito undertook the planting of two Colonies, to command thofe Strcits, An 1 584 The one
be friltd near the mouth of (he Streit, which he called by the name of Nombre it Je'iu.trni left therein
I JO of his men i the other he intended on the narrower place of the Streit, to be called Cividud del Roy
Fhilip, which he rcfolved to fortiiie, and plant with Ordnance. But winter coming on , he left there
others ot his men, promifing to relieve them (hortly with all things neccfTary. Bnc fuch was his unhappy
fate, that after many (hipwracks and difappointmcnts which befell unto him , in the purlttu of his deflgn;
he was at laft taken by the Englijh, under the command of Sir jVAlttr R4wleiib, nbo was there in perlon :
and his two Colon ics,tor want of umcly AKcours.eitbcr flarvcd at home, or eaten by the Salvages, as they

ranged the Countrcy-

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De La Plata

1077

O F

PARAGUAY.

A RAG VAT a bounded on the South, with MageiUnicn '■< on the Eaft , with tlie main
y^f/<wf«f;t:0"'heNorth, withifwy//4on thcWeft.witb fome unknown Coiintreysbe-
j^ J- jjMjr twixt it and Chile- So called from the Kivcr Paraguay f one of the greateft of the world)
, ^^^^j which runneth through it : the River and the Provime both by the Spaniardt called Rio de
ItK.-^^^ /* Plata, from the great ftore oi Silver they enpedled from it.

I he Countrey (iox fo much at hath been difcovered; is faid to be of a fruirfull foyi; capable of Wheat
And other of the Fruits of Europe, which thrive here exceedincly : nor do the Cattel increafc leffe which
were brought from Spain , both Kine and Horfes multiplying n a wonderfull manner. Well ftorcJ witli
Sugar Can», and not unfiirniflied with i1/i»rx, both of Braile, andiron ; fome veins oFGold and Sil-
ver , and grcit plenty ai Amethyfts. Of Stags great plenty , and of Monkeys alraoft infinite niimb'r* ;
not to fay any rhing of Lyons, Tygeri, and fuch hurtfull Creatures, of which a few would be thought
too miiny. Of the people there is nothing faid , but what hath been before obferved of the other ^.at-
vages.

Chief Rivers of ir , i.De la Plata , whofe courfe we have defcribed already. 2. Rk d: Bitenoi Ayres,
fo called from the chief Town by which it runneth. 3. Zarcaranna , which rifeth in ilie Countrey of
che Diagttitas , and f tiling into a Lal^ at the end of his courfe , doth from thence parte into the body
of De la Plata. 4. .Epro, whfth fifing m the Valley o(Chalcaqui, and pafling through two Rreat Lakes,
meets with j. the Bermcio , and both together fall into De la Plata , near the fown of St. For. 6 Pill
comayo, winch hath its Fountain near the Mines of Potof , in the Province of CArfrfO/ 1 but (li? fall in
rhc lame River with thofe before. Then on the North lide of that River, thereisy.thatof St. J'rfwW,
or St. Salvador, as the Spaniards call it ; 8. Rio Nigra, or the Black River, of a longer courfe » but bu-
ried in the end, as the other is, iatbedttpiof La Plata. 9. Ti]Haan,ind 10. feveral others, vvliofe
united dreams make the great River Parana , the fi;cond River ot elteem in all this Countrey : But
fwallowcd in that oi Plata. Bcfidesthcfe 11. Riodt^t. Martin, and li.Rio (;rif»«l«', filing into the
Ocean.

1 1 com prchendcth the three Provinces of i ■ Rio de la Plata. 2. Tucaman, and 3 . La Crux de Sierra.
The red not conquered by the Sfaniard, or not well difcoveced, cannot be properly reduced under any
Method.

i •

I. RIO D E LA P X yf 7" y*, or the Province of Or la Vlata , lieth upon both fide* of that Ri-
ver ; afcending many leagues up the water, but not extended much upon eitlier fide. The reafon of the
name, the quality of the foyI and people we have feen before.

Chief Towns nereof i . Buenos Ayres, or Neuflra Sennora de Buenos Aires , by others called Cividai
is la Trinidad, featedon the Southern bank of the River of Plata , where built by Vcdro de Mendo.(^,
Annoifi^. Dcferted by the In habitants, and again new peopled by C<t^e/4 <^ r<»cM , Anno i j.;2. Ic
was afterwards again abandoned i and Anally in the year 1582. re-edified and planted with a new C<//«-
tiy. Situate on the rifingofa little Hill, in the 34degree and 45 minutetof the Southern Latitiid;; and
about 64 leagues from the mouth of the River ; fortified with a. Mud-Wall, and a little CaQle, with fume
Pieces of Ordnance ; yet neither large, nor much frequented , cdntairting but 200 Inhabitants. 2. S. />,
or S.Fidei, 50 leagues up the River from Buenos Ay res, oatbe imt fide of the water, near thcion-
iluence of it wi.h the River EJlero : of the Ume bigheAe as tbeother, but fomCwhat richer -. the people
here being given to c!o;hing , which Manufa^ure they exchange with lYit^rafilians (or Sugar. Rice, and
other neceffuy Commodities. 3. Neu/ira Sennora del Ajfumption , but commonly Ajfumptioa onely,
higher up the River , from the mouth whereof 300 leagues dilhnt : fituatc in the Latitude of 25. and *l-
iDOll in the midft b.twixt Peru , and brafil; well built arid very well frcqaentcd , at the chief of the
whole tlountrey. Ir>habitcd by three lortsof men, firft natural Sf^wwrJ/, of which here arc accompted'
.(00 Families i 2. The McJUkms , begotten by the Spaniard upon the Natties •, and 3. MuLtrt, born
oi the Spaniards and the Negroes , of which two laft here are thought to be many thoufands. No: far
otf is a great Lake, called YtupHom ,1n the midlt whereof an huge Rock , above lOO Fathom high
above the water. 5. Cividad Real , by the Spaniards called alfo Ontivcros , by the Natives Guajra,
80 leagues North from the Town o( Assumption • tituate on the banks of the River Parana , in a fruit-
f .11 foyl , bi't a fickly Aire • for which cxufe , and the frequent infurreAioni of the Salvages , but mean-
ly peopled. 6 St. Anne , on the banks of the fame River Parana'^ 7. St. Salvador, on a River of the
fiiiK' name. lUfiJes tliefe , there are up the River above ./4jJi«»pr;o« , three noted Ports. 8. Puerto de
Cuajl'iamo. 9. Puerto de la Candeluria , and 1 0. Pu erto de los Reyes > but whether Towns , or onely Ha-
ve.* on tli.it River for difpcrfing and b irtcring their Commodities , I am no: able to fay. The lal) favc
one memorable for the defe;it of John de Ajolas, and the d.-ath of 80 of his men, by the hands of the 'sal-
vages.

a. TV CD M AN lieth on the WcO of Rio de la Plata, extending towards the confines of Chile,
t^r«ugh which they make their way unto Mare AelZur,as through the Province of .Rm dela Plata unto
Mare del Nurt : the cxaft bounds hereof to the NoJth and South , not yet refolved on.

Eccee a Ths

fci,

'111

ii)l

Kif\

5078

PARAGUAY. TucuMAN

TI'C Cunncrcy, for To much hereof ailicch towards C/)(/r, well manured and fruitfull 1 diac (ow^rdf
Marf//4mc»,bu'ren untilled.andnot well difcovcred, no veins of Gold, or Silver in it , thouKh firuatc
in a rempcrate and apree^ble Air, VVatertd by the two divers of i . ,S<«W#, fo called from the brickifli-
neile and faltntrte of it ; and 1. Dtl Eftero, fpokcn of before, 16 named , bccaulif fometimes it breaketh out
ofhis banks. The Inhabitants now civilized both in manners and liabit, in both which they conform lu
the Garb of the SMiM4r<J/.

Chief Towns nereof 1 . S.J ago dtl Fflero, on the banks of that River, by the natural Inhabitants called
ydrco : the principal of that fmau I'roviiM.c, ho loaud with a Hifliups Ste, and the feat of tlie (jovrrnour;
and dihant about 180 luguci from Bium) AirtK,. t . S. Mithdtl i* Tttcuman , featcd at (he foot of a
Kocky Mountain, butnearaveryfruKfullloyI, both for Corn and Patlurage , dilianc ii Iragues from
Sfdfo. 3. Tdlavtr4,0t NtufirM Stnnora de TaUvera, but by the Natives called Lfteca ; fituate on ihe Ki-
ver talado btfore mentioned.in a firuiiluli lojl, a ti inhabited by n induItriou» people, groirn wealthy by
their MtinitjallHrcs of Cotton-woola.which grow hereabouu in threat abundance : with which they drive
a great trade at the Miuts of P«r«/i , trom hence diflani but 140 1 4gues. 4. CerMa , in a convenient
place for trade, as being rqually difttnt from S-Jnundt U Frohttr*. 1.1 (be KziedureofC^i/r^flc J.F«j,
in Rio de U Vlat* ; $0 leagues irom each ; and ie<» t;u m a 1V0.1U Uoni Ptrit unto Buentt Ain<. , much tra-
veled confequently by tnolewhogolroiii IVrw \.\> Brafil,u\ Spain. i.XtwLoiiduH,aai 6. New Cor'
«i«r4, built at fufh till eak(i4r/i<«<t.4/M<i.«4, (on o. lu M rq.Kllc ol C4»w/f,and Vice-Koy oflVr*.
was Goveriiour of ih.» I'rov inte : but bo.ii a-jiKuoiitd trot .on^ alter Befidcs ihele, 7. Aloratd. i.Cht-
cinoca. 9- Soeocha, and la CaUiinmt , 1 uwt>lhip> tKioi.gmg to ihc Nativei.

3. S.CRVX D£ SIERRA is he nami ofn I -.le Territory lying towards P»r«».on the Noftb
of the River 0'«<i^rf;, and mtneCountrtyottn. c.hi^miai hi dCAf>»>»M««i,two7'ribesofthe.$'«/f4j{M.
By fome accounted to r#'(»,becaufe under ti 1 jHnui^at Keprt ot cSsrcor: but (o far diAant from the
ncarcft bounds of that i>iiivincc C 100 J'f .».> :v'.,u>.ii at uail^ that I tinnk Attcrto accompcitto the Pro-
vince ofParagMdy i betwixt the bank& 01 ^^>^ ot AiveranU liiat nfGuspay it itwbolly leatcd.

The loyl abundantly produdivc of Alaiu ana Win<s> plenty ot molt forts oiAmtritm ftWU, which
lean give no Engtifli name to i a ki ae 'i aim nf wtioic trbiiK they make great itorc of meal , ol good
tafte and nouriihment. But ncuhu 1> .<no> i.rea(>iccabl*. luthr fruits of fwrt^e , which ripeo flowly,
and loon die. So dcllitu e of t<< us. ^h-x cue ii h.ibitants were lam to make uic of Rain-water, prcfervcd
inptu:cbecaufeofnormaUMan;s,<t.iJoi nuny great muruert, the people either dying for thuft, or
kilhngoneanotherforfome wiUt t..4 c thit.

Chief TowM hereof, .1 ■ Manila dux fi. ate at the foot of a great Mountain , whence the name of
the Provintc f but fituate ^n op^n ti. la , 1 u- ^.ng it ielt into many Piams.and thiifty Vallies : neighbour^
edby a Lrook .orTerrfwrbfciK.i.t; I i^in.lieKo »«i whiwh f'Ui leajji-es from ihe Town is become ■
Pond, a Id plontiiully doin fuppl) liu 1 «>vvi> wi I1 i-iih. i. i>A auca , 00 leagues iirom the Mines ot ?t.
nfi. i-Tomiaa. 4 L gnmlU and j. Tanxa; time f rs erecteu lurdefeiKe of thit Province *^iii ft
the incui fions and AUrmsoi t<e ChoigruMoes. b.NejvuRioj* once a Colonieof the Spdtiiards, but
facnedandd'fpfo^hd b)t\:\t Cheng/mnnts , when tlit councot iVf;v4Was Vice Royof/erM.-at what
timciV»/2«'^C^4i'e/,wlio.ntbcjcar ij^ij. hrit uncovered thole parts, was trcacherou(]y (kin by one
ol the Salvages.

Ihe piincipal Nationi. of this Coun rry , wh<nlirftkr.owntothe Spojiiards, vitte tht ^eraMMet,
Timtitei, » »d Carcares , thr C hants[, Chimiuei , Gnaranjn , the GnajacMrves , Cacovts , Guaxarapi Acc.
00 both fides of the Rive of I Uta : < >.e Tmchmanes, furici , and Diagnitae, in the Cantred ol Tucm-
mu$i more Norihwa-d , whrre tbi- i/i(W»Mr<</ nave as yet no hold ,i\xt Chunejfej ,Xai}Me{lei Xatoaet,
and the Xar4jies great and po^vrLlI Nation»,bith«rto unconquered. The firll dtfioveiy oi tins Coun.
Crcyalcribedio?«;&»£>i4«ir.f«//i, a.f^M>y%»dventuter> who in the year 1515. pAing up the Rivet
totbeX«Wr«(frof34Digrc<t, .<nd40niinuiLCf, and unadvifcdly landing with too fmall a power; wu
there unfortunately flain. The defign after prolecuted by hthafiian Cabot, kam i$z6. who fayicd
againft the Oieam as high as the River e»aM : at the receptiou ot which, the great River called till then
by the name of Paraguay , begins to be called De la ?Uta. Here built be the Fortrefle called Fort Ca-
ht; and 30 leagut-k more up the River, th&tc IkdSt. Anne , (both long fince ruined) where Diegt
CdrfiW a P0rrM|«/ found him , in the year next lollowng. Jn the year 1)35. thebunninewasrcfumed
by Vedro de MtndoKH , wbo built :be Town o< Buenos Ajres ; and fent John de Aiolas to difcover North,
wards . of whole unhappy end we have beard before. Not tully fetlcd till the year 1 540. when Alvarct
jNonttet,,cotatwa\ya\kiCaitfadeyatca,m3Ae i more h.!l difcoveryof it ,and planted Colonies <^
Spaniards in convenient placts. Notliing fince done foi the further planting of the Counuey , though
fome places have been marked out for new PlatitatitHt • here bcmg little Gold and Silvcr,and confeqocnt.
ly not much temptation to draw on the itfuniardt to the work.

icy;

O F

B R A S I L.

R AS I Lit bounded on the Eaft, with Mdrt Jtl Noort, or tht main AtUntich on the
Weft.withfomeuntiifcoveredCountrevi, lying bctwi« ic and ch« /*«<^r/5on ttuNurth
with CwM*!, from which parted by the great V^mt MdrAgnaH^md on the South . with
VardgMj, or the Province of Rio de U PUta. \ he reaf.m ot tiie natnc I finde not v »ctt»t it
came from the abundance ol that Wood called Br^/ii-wooi , which wai found amoncft
chem i as the famoui l fie of Cjfrm, itom iti plenty oiCypreffej.

It reacheth from the 29 to the J9 Degree of S«»r/>fr» Latitude ; or roeafuring It by milet , ic ii faid to
be 1 500 miiei from North to South, and joo miici in breadth liora the Sea to the Andes ; which muif be
undcrftood with rtfertnce to the whole ewcnt of iti for oihcrwife all that which iipofl.flcd by th- Ptr.
tHgah under the name ofBrdfil, ii fo (hort of taking up all die breadth hereof that thvy poflclTt nothi >a
but the S«a Coafts. and fome few leagues Ccoraparacivcly; within the Land ; the greateit p4rt of it being
fo far frum being cuni|uered, that it bath not hitherto been dilcovcred-

TheCountrcy full of Mountaini,River»„and 1 orrent.diverfiiied into Hills and Plains alwoyes pieafnnc
and green. The aire for the mofl pan foond and wholfom . by rcafon of the frefh wind* whu h do reign
tmongfl them ; there being all alon^ the CojIU certain quick wmdi nfing from the South , about 2 hours
befpre Noon, which do much benifit the Inhabitants : yet in regard it is fomewhat moifti it is helu <w be
more agreeable toold men than to >oung, Ihefo^linnioftpa.t* very fruitfull, were it not cloied wi:h
too much rain ; botbowfocvet liberally provided ot s«^«rC*«fi, (nooneCountrty more J for refiung
of which they have their Ingenias (as they call them) or iugAr haitftt in mod parts of the Countrey •, m
which they entertain many thoufand (t«vts^ brought h,tli«i jearly iiom Cmiuajmd Corige,:\ni other ma-
ritime parts of Africk. A trade in whkh ihc ttriHgali are moih delighit d , and 1 cannot hUme them ;
thcrebcingfew years. in each ofwhiththeybrmguotoutoi Jrufitvt P»rtHgal, j ^0000 Arrotesot'^a'.
gar,every^rr»^f containing 25 liufltelsofour£»^/(/ifflca:ure. iicrc i< alln infinite quantities of that
wJwoixiufed in dying Cloath, which we commonly call Urit^il rtiood ; (•> twhethcrihe Wood took th^t
name from theCocntrey.or the Countrey rather fr'..ii the Wo u , I liicern ine nut : ) the Trees wbvreof
are of that incredible greatnefTe, that whole fat&ilief live oa aa Arm of or.f or th ■ ■ , evry Tre: being as
populous aa the moH of our Village!. In other CoffimoUitiescoramun otnemw t!i rticoth r .j„:t ;,•<»/,
we need no' give particular inHance.

AmongO thr i;4ri>/» hereof,are reckoned i. the f/Mf .called Copita,theh^ - j> .-. ^h tv i' ;>
fend outai?4/OT, the loveraignvenuewhereofisfowdl known tutbevt-ry btit^i Uu Sci^Ok 'v
nous Serpents, they refort unto it for tbeir cure. 2. Tbenerb exiled StnttJa o. /it;(, wnuh
touched vTillclofc the i«.tve<, and not open them again till tUe man thjt luti . lieiid-ti c ac t;u.>e
fi^ht. ;. A kinde of /f^Mf in the Valley near unto S..fr^4/M«,wh',ch is lu .niuiitily g'owin^. ,
wiyes ripe ; or never wholly ripe, becaufealwayes growing : lot wti' \ on- Ej? j >th gra.n, anot'
bloom, when one is ripe and yellow, another is green. 4. Ihe 0*/jy*,wi.hey'!.a lucse-iid'-. <• liinin.i
cubit long, andate.'.ch an hmidwilbfiveflngersand nails, asinanian;under du' arrTi< t<" ■ i .^ , lu
wards like a Cow, in every female. 5 A Creature found of late about the Bay of /I//. v;«f/ , wl; h '.
the face of ■tn Ape, the »oot of a Lion, ani all the reft of a man \ of fucb a terrible iif^c.i . that 1 h>" ooui-
dier who fliot him fell down dead : but this I rather look on as an abdrrttion ol Nature , than a raritj in
her. 6. fJeafts offuchftrangc Ihapes, and fuchfeveral kinds, that i' may be fiid oi BrdJIl^ as or.^e of
Afrkk., St mpn alit}uiJ apportat n*vi ; every day fome new objtft of Adirirarion.

The people here are endowed with a pretty underftanding .- as may leemby him,«ho tartly blarr:J ^he
cnvetoufnefTe of the Spamji, for coming from the other end of the World to di,;; for Gold ; and holding
up a wedgeof Gold, cried out. Behold the God of the Chriftutns ! 3ut in mod places they are birbarous,tlie
men and women go ftark naked, and on high /^)?tv4/ day es hang Jewels in their lips : thefe/ty?«z/4/dsyei
are when a company of good nrighboors come together to be merry, over the roft.-d body ot afut man ;
whom th .y cut in colkpi, called Botteon, and eat with great grecdincffe, and much d eledtation. They have
t'vu vile qualities , as being mindtbll of injuries, ftnd forgetfull of benefits. The men cruel without mea-
fure, and the women infinitely lafcivious. They cannot pronounce the Letters Zf. 7?. The reafon of
which ore hemp demanded, made anfwer ; betaufc they had amongd them neither Lutr, Faith , nor Rti-
Itrs. Ihey a'e able fwimmers,as well women as men; and will ttay underwater an hour together.
Women in t : avel are here delivered without any great pain, ^nd prefently go about their bofinefle , be-
lonirini:; to good houfc- wives: The good man (according to the fafhion of our kinder torts of Huf.
bands in En^Und, who are faid to breed their fVivts Children) bein^fickin then: Head , and keeping
their bed ; \u t'lr that he hath broaths made him, is vifited by h\%G(Sfsfir Neiqhboors,and hath Junkets
fcnt to comfor him. And amongft thcfe there are fome it«r(Vv/,if not Mtnftrofttitt in nature : it be-
ing faid of thofc which live towards the .^ni/r/, th.it they arc hairy all over hke beafls , fiich as Orfon ia
famed to h.-.ve he^^n in the old Romance ; and probably fo ingendered alfo ; rhat the Gnajmares disbuwel
Wo.Tien With C hilde, and roafl the Children ; and finally that the Salvage Nation of (,amnc»iarA have
their •l''>p<> almoft down unco their knees, which they tie about their naflc when they run, or go faftec
than ordinary.

Eeeee 3 R«»e»

■a

"h.

io8o

BR. A S 1 L-

Riv'-rs of note I tinde not any till I come to MamgnoH , though that a Huundary ra-her betwixt ili •
and Guiana, than proper unto thii alone. Ifany chance to come in our way, at we irulFc ilie (Jountrty,
we (halt not pafTe them over without rumcrcmetnbranir. And To proceed we to the diviliun of the
Counirey > not into l>(Ovincct, or Nationi, at in other platei , but into Prtfellnrcs , or ('aptainniip" as
the PortHgnh call them. Or which there arc i ; in all, whiih we (hall fevcrally touch on uj wc trace the
Coal^ troin the I'lovincc ot Rio di U PiatA , unto that ofCitiain* ; that it to fay,

1. I he CaptJ'nOiip of St. K/iVCi; iV 7" bordering on 5m (t UPUtM, inhabited by the mod civil
people ol all Brajil. Chief I'uwnt whereof i . Santo/ , at the bottom oi an Arm of die sri, capable of
guud Hiipi 01 bmdcii, but dirtant from the Mam tlirce leagues. A Town of no more than izohoulet,
jct the bell ot ttiii PrdfeflMre ; beautitied with a Farifli Church, and two Convents of V^r^ em. Taken
and held two moncthi by Sir Tht. Cavoutijh, An. i J91 . fince thit environed with a Wail, and furtih^d
with two CalHei. 2. St. y'inctnts better built , but not i'o well tiued with an Haven ; of about 70 houfea,
and ICO Inhabitant!. 3.yt4M^r,and4<C4M»M, two open Burroughs, but capable of Lfler Vrlfcls.
5. St. Pant, upon a litilc Mountain, at the toot whereof run two pleafant Hiveri, which fall not t.ir utixn-
to the River of iiii4m/iM. A Town of about loohoufesone Church, two Convtnts, and alollcdgeof
^tfuitt ; neighbaurtJ i>y Mines of Ciold found in the Mountains , called Pemul/iacaka 0. St. Phihpt , a
iinail 1 own oti (he banxs uijniambu, which there begins to inlarge it felf; and palling thence f.illeth at
the Ui\ in the lUvcr PArana, one ol the greatcft 1 ribuiarics to Rio de U Plata.

2. Oi RIO DE J AN E I RO, ortheRiverof/4>i«4r;,focalled,bftaufe entredintoihatmoneth
by hhn Dta<. de Stln, An. 1 j I J. nigleded by the Portngah , it was feized on by the Pnnch u' der ihc
condud oiJ'illtgagHonc, employed huein by Admiral Ciaflilkn, a great friend ihc HhgiiKiti,^) whom
it was intended loi a place of /ff/^^f f as New £»g/4«i<i alter wards for the liKc .^ butwunui ilu<.e ^tais
alter their tirlt coming hither (AhI^ j8,^ tegaintu by the PoriMgahtMi the frtnch pji unto t'le Twoi d.
Places of mult confideration in It, i.Ctllignia the l^orr and Colonic of the French, lonan.cdn honour
oi Cajfar CoZ/igni vcomraonly ia\eiChaJ}iUon) by whofeincouragemcncic Wds founded. Situate un
the bay ot the K.very4«n>«i which the frrnr/) called (74M4^rfr4 2. St. J'e^4/7i4nj, built at the mouth uf
thefamebayby the ?orr«tj4//, after thjy had expelU'dih;/rf'<r6 , and fortified with tour (irong BuU
warkf. 3. yfngra des Rejts, dilfaot twelve leagues Wcth< om the mouth of the bay ; no' long linic
made a r»rt M^<i/Culoiiie. Btfidcsifaefe, there arc two gu.. Burnught of the natuni er»,iiiant , in
\7bicb are laid to be above 2000 Inhabitants.

3. Of the HOLT C HOST (dtlSfiritu Santo) one of the moft fertile Provinces of all Brafl; well
ftored with Catun wot/l, and watered wuh the Kivcr P4r4j^4, large and full of tidi. 1 he oncly < oviii of
note in it, i> Sfiritu Santo, inhabitad by about 200 Vortngals. The chief building uf it , a ' liurch oedu
cat:d to St. Franc u a MuratKry of Btnidiilines, and a Cotledge of it/nitt 1 the chict (ur.vcniency , a
fafe and coiu>aodiuui Haven, capable ol the greatcfl VefTds.

4. Of PORTO S ECVRO,the ftcure Haven, fo called by CajralU, who firft difcovered it; when
being tofld at Sea by a terrible tcmpef>, be bad here rcfrcfhedhimfeif Chief rowns hereof 1. Porto
Segnro, built on the top of a white C l>ff , which commands the Haven ; of more Antiquity than Fame, oi
tnuie tame than bignefTc; as not containing fully aoo Famihcs. 2. i°4nr4CrMx, three leagues frovi the
other ; a pocr I own, with as poor an Harbour : the Patrimony and Inheritance of the DuKei oi Avera,
in th; Realm of Portugal. 3. Santo Amaro, or Si.Omers, once of great noic for making Sugars, for which
ufe here were five Jngenioi, or Sugar Enginet : dclerted by the Vortiigab fur fear of the Salvages, againft
whom they h:^d not power enough to make good the place • and the sugars dcflroyed of purpofc , that
they might not come into the hands of the barbarous people.

5. OfDES I L H E S, ot oi the Jflet. to namtd from certain Idands lying againfl the Bay on
which the principal f own i> reaced.callrd alio Jlhcot.or the iflandf with like Analogie as a Town of good
note in F/a»ders,haih the name ol Jnfuia , or Liflt) The town confiHirg of about 1 50. or 200 F.iniili.;$,
fuuate on a little River, but neighboured by a great Z.«i^ of 12 leigucs in compafTe (out of which chat
River doth arife : ) full of a groat but wbulfom fifh , which they call Afonatcs, fome of which are affirmed
towc'gh 28 pounds. This Colonic, much endangered by ihe(7w4;m«W,aRaceof.f4/z/4^rr more .S'4/-
f4|f than any of their fellows : who beini'. driven out of their own Countrey f?ll into this PrxfeElmre^
which they had utterly deflroyed; if Tome of St.(7r(/r|^e/Reliques, as the /e/Mjr; tell us (but I binde no
man to bdieveitjfent by their General from /icme. An. 1581. had not Hayed their fury, and given the
Portuga/j the better.

6. OfTODOS LOS i'.^iVroS.or /f//J'4/»//.rocaI!edfromalarge6ayofthatn3me,upon
which It lietb ; iii breadth two league* and an half, ib fathom dcep,and full of many httle 1(1 mds : but
flotirifhirg and pleafant, and well flfored with Cotton-vtol. A Bay in which are many fafe Stations and
Roadt fur (hipping, and therefore of great ulc and confrquence in chofe furious Seas. Memorable for the
hardy Entcrprizc offerer He;ff/, a Z)Mrr/;m4«, Admiral ot the Navy of the Vnited Provinces <Viho in
theyear i627.feizedonaFleetof j'p4»«4r<//, conli(ling()f26fayloffhips(fourof them being men of
V\.rj a'llyinjgundei the protedionofthe Forts and Caffles, built forthefafety ot that Z?<tji Forthruft-
ingmainongftthem with his own (hip oncly (the rcll not being able to fuUowJ he fo laid about him,

that

BRASIL.

rhit Imvini' funk the /itf /<J/»,iVw/, he took nil the nil, ionditioniii>;ofit!ly foitlicirlivci;noi\v,ihl)ar,J-
ing all til. lliot winch wa« iiuJ« .ij^ainll him Iroiii the Ihips and C altlcj . and 42 piece* oi (Vdninip
pliHiJtm t'lcfluoc. C,;iit:t 1 owns hereof I. ^.i.</f/ri.r, built una little Hill on the Notch, (idi of tiie
/?,(/, by Tkmji iL S(,Mf4 ; adorned with many Churiins , and Kelijiious lioufes ; and fortihtd ( b. tides
the Wa 1) With three llrong ( alllei ; the one calUd S. AmhoHy, the oiler S. Philip, and the third Tapcjipe.
Ycc not li» ftrong by realoii ot lome Hilli adjoyninf; wl.ith tonimand (he I own, but thai it wai taktn by
the HoiiMtkn, An. 1 6i4. recovered by the Sfanittrdi the next year after , and finer lolt a^fttn. a I'.inpi,
nuirc within the Laud, lour ltjj;uc» (rom S. iiaviturs. j. Strtj^tppe dd Hei, a fnull I own, and leated on
usiinall a ll>ver,buc amun^n tii.iny riihPaltures, and tome vciniol ii.ver.

7. Of F URN AM BZIC K.ont of the ritheft PrtftHHrts for Tobacco , Sn^ar , and the gr.at
quantity »( BrajH jvi^J.wlTch it br»)u^ht hence yearly for the Dten, in ail thisCounttcy j butdeftitutc of
Corn, ttiid molt oihcr neicfTariej, with which liipplied from the Cmurus, aod Ibmctime* from i\rtn<r.il.
C'litt I owns heriol i . f /.«J.4, the largvft ind beft ^of.A ot all Br.t/il .• containing above loco ptrioiii;
noi reckoning in the ChMnli min, nor taking the gr.at number ot JUvcs which they keep tor thtir Sufar'
workj into the ncto pc ; for whofe ufe they have here eight I'HioiMa/ 1- hurchea five Rtligiout houfei,
■A„\iUM\KHoifiuU. situate near the sea-fiue, but 01 fo uneven a piece of ground, a»m«kti it notc.ipa-
bleot'a Ai'^n./.ir fort til itio.T; the Havea being hrtle, and not very commodious, but defended at ihe en-
trance by aw il bult Calfle* and that well planted with iJr.Ulcpiecei. Which notwichlbnding , in tlis
year 1 595 theLalfU and t!ic Subu'bj along the I'ort ( wherein they ufed to Dow all their thief Commo-
diiits; w> re took by (..api. Jaihes LAncafier, ind fonie lew of the Ent^UP) j who having tarried in the
Haveii ab )ve a moneth, brought home with him eigiw of hii own (h p«, tour frtmh men, and three tloU
JutiMn which came in by vhance , a'l l«den with the choicelt Mcrchandilc of gra/il, and /ndu. 2,. Atnatts
dc Brajil ten miles from Olind*, the Inhabitants whireot live by felling the ^r*f,l void. 3. S. LaHren^.),
a wt innliirnted Vi l.g«,bu£a«yet unwalled. 4 /'o»«f«>-,uponalliverfo naratd. •;. Anttnm de CM,
luai lUc*. .ipeofS //*i^«/?i«e/; both of good roi,e forthegreu quintif, of Sugafswhah are made in
cadi. 0'.ii.i//», about five leagues from 0/i«<ii, inhabited tor the moft part by poo* and Atahamcal
pirlo <i,iii,thev«ar 1032 wnei taken by the //(///.(«<^fr,andplaiitrd with a people of hii;lier qual.ly.

I liii t'r.iji f/«/r, beloi.gii g to. nierly to the Hirls ot y4//i«^«er5»<« Ca gre^t houfe in Sp.tm) n now wholly
in the h u.Js or die }tii<>, of t'lf Prtvuicet anited ; the fowii, of 0) Und.i bfipgtook by them in the year

lOiy. thei'oit and all the /?;/e««fi unto it to ftroogly fortified, r'nat they Mvehithettoenjoyeiil.

^.0] T A M A R AC A, fo called from an Idand of that r»,ame,diftant about five grilles from 0//Wrfj
til iioj^ri'.it iioteba tor the Haven , and an impregnable CatU.e on the cop of an Hill tor defence thereof.
Whidi u hell (he tiollandirs could not talte, they built a ftrong Bulwark at the mouth ot the I'ort , and fo
blocked It up, that It hath lince been of no ufe to the Spaniard. This the leaft Prxft^"'* <" Brafl , but
wiihill the anciiiiieO ; ext<nded chree leagues onely in le I'gch.and but v a in breadth : the I'atnmony of
the I arls ot Monjj«to 111 Vurtngal who received hence yearly, when entire, thirty thou and Z)«Mrx. But
liis Ucnis much dimuuflicd, if uol (|tite inverted, fincc t^ie lolTeof the Haven.

y Of P A R A I B A , fo called from a Ri»er of that name (but by the Spaniard ciAlcd Domingo) of
tnoit note herein. On the banks whereof (landeth ViAraiba, the chief Town ot ii,at the bottom of an Arm
oftheSei. aboutthree leagues from theMain, butC'*pable of pretty goodthips to the very Vown. The
Town inhabited not lon^; fince by 500 1'orrw^j//, befides Slaves and Nef^foet. Not Walled, till they be-
gan tij Hand in fear ofthe f/fi//4»<^i'i,onthe \<iSto\Olinda; but moreiecured by a ftrong Caftleoiithe
iroinoncory, called Cabo Z)e/o which the Hollanders have in vain attempced,than by any works within the
Laud A CuDle which acknowledgech the French lOi- the Founders of it. who for a while were pofr< (Ted
ot this Tiaft , and gave nam; loan adjoyningH?4ven, called Vort Francois ■ butouted by the i'o«»_5<»/.
An. 1 584. w.io have fi.ice lie'd their footing in it , but wth tear ot the Hollanders » efpecially fiuce iheir
ta'<i.'it^ Ota little .lla d lyin.^ over againft thciD, called the llle of iVoroMi&ii.

10 0'^ RIO GRANDE, fo called f'.om the River Po«»«t; ('asthcNicivestermit) which the
rotii:(^.t/i la'l KioGran.ie, or the great River , not made a Prtfetlure till of late. Vm lying open, as ic
were.io t'le ikXi I riti «J«r,fome of the French began to fix here,y4». 1 j97.Uut the Ki'ig o^ Spain not wil-
ling to liavft .in\ (uth neighb )ur, comraanded the C^iptain of P(ir»i»i<»,to drive them tiiince , wiuth was
done ici 01 dii.j,ly. Ilur then the Salvages beginning to rife up in Arms, the t aptain of Varaiha wa- lain
to leek aiJ from hiiiof iVoww/iMi/l;^, by whofe help having llain five thoufand , and took i lee thou-
fand of tticm, the rift became / .ijO .4/4 to the Porf«_5<«/^; who built here an impregnable Cafte i^wiiiili is
nil the fooling; they have in it J weli nnanncd and hirnifhed with Ammunition and all other nectflacies j
vei y few Vorttigaht except tlio.e i>f the Garrifon, being yet come over.

It. of S I A R A, a lave Vr^fiUure alfo, in which the Vtrtugals have no more than a Caftle, with a
d07.tr: !iiiiilc% or thereabouts, betides that of the Governoiir adj<»yning to it. So named from an Haveti
tailed ,si.:r.t, but o:' no great note, and capable but of little Veffels. Of ibme trade in regard of the Ch>j'
flal, Co-.uii wool, and lome precious ftones, found in the Countrey hereabouts : aftd certainly would be of
pre Iter, ir (.ntc the VcringAls would be adive and purfue the (Xinqucft \ here being great plenty of Su-
lar-Canc!. bu; no woiki lo rn.ike it.

' u. of

io8i

^■

%■

,1!^

> li

1082 BRAS IL

*■'" f2_ Qf MARAGNON, in llland lying in ilie mouth of the Rre.ic Kiver (o c.illcil , in tlit »ur.
tlitH paiM ot /?rj/<7 Northw.ird5,,ind many Lmrucs di(»anc Irom Sur.t . ilic Uft of ih.ir rrxfiUmn; the
Couiurcyintervenini; not yet didovcrcd, or oiheivvik made known unto 111, tli.in by thj naino of chc
Portland I'romoiuoriM found upon the Co<»//. An inandotalruitfullloyl.il p.iins and husbandry '.vcre
i>otwantin>;:alfordm^;naturally /*/.««, and a Koot called /l/.(«/uf, botli whiih the A'.i/:'W(;,j ufe f«c
bread ; t'.ood ftorc of Cotton- wooli.Saffron, Kr.tjtl rvo(i,\, and the btft Zu^.uf ; and in (< nic { l.ittJ Raltk
and Amlir. VViteredwith many freftiKiven, and pi aiar.t Sprinfi : wcll-wooded both tor liinbcrand
1 ewcl : and m a w ad, biiffcd with to ccniperatc an Aire ftliuugh fo near the tA^ifHMor) that no place
can be more commodious for the life of man. I he pioplclli\>n>; of body, healthy and In .R-livid with^
out any ^.(W«ij/i • indullrious in their /'i.ifW worki-wil MunnfMlmis of Cotton ; the /*'•/»(•» luriou*
in ordering clicir hair, fruitiuH in Child- beariiif;, and that till 8omr» old and (omctimei more. Both
iu s naked till 'l.rir marriatje ; and then apparelled oncly from the walfe to f heir kneei.

IheVillapcihei:orpoflc<redbytbeNativeJ,conliUedbutoflour^rv.af Houfcj; each of r'lem two.
or three hundred fo)t in length, and twenty, or thirty foot 111 breadth, fo placed as tlicy rthnibUd a
(•)iiadrniii_i(Ur C \o\ fltr : And in each houle fo many houfliold* , that commonly each of their Villapen,
or"74rf^\ lor lb they cslled them > contained three hundred perfoni, and foine twice ijiat number: Q\
thcfe were twenty feven in all, whofenamei I hold imperrinent to be mulUred here : I lie toral eflimate
ofihe people when the /Vrwf/i came thither, amounting; ti* 12000 sobI«. lor the Fnmi. tradinj-in this
Ifland, and carrying themlelvescourtcouHyanionpU the A'.</»t/f/, found ihi-m no unwilling to admit a
Cvhttytj that Nation, il lent over to them : by whole aide they might free tlieinklve^ from all other Pre-
ttn.ii "I tnd b- iiitlruded in the (jolpel. Atcordmgly • CWcmV,and four Cttfuchm I ryeri, are fent over
lbch-n.y4« 1612. Some iWt'-i^gw i-ained unto theFaiih.andaftronp t altic.i.-IUd S T.twn commo-
dio' il bii h and planttd w<ih ii pieces of Ordnance ; the CSkA ot that Voya^-e. lUii loni; they had not
relleu ih^rc wlien dif feized by the Vortug»ls,it^x. thiihcr under the Condud ot Hurome deAlhitrjiirr^tie,
/iemi i6i4. VViiototheCalUeofS.ZfWM, which the /'rrm/; had built, addeJtl «il. ot ^.Atanc, and
S. Francu, planted two Villagci in tbc llland by tbc namti of i>.AHdrtw, and S7<i^«,and ever lince have
held it without molcrtition. ■««

1 J . 0/ P // /? /4 , the moft Norlhern Vr*ftllHre of l^rajil, towards Ginan» ; fo called from the River
rtf l»<iM, ( fiippoled to be a branch of the Kiver oiAmaK^ons) which runneth through it. The lliver at the
rrouUi of it, two mites in breadth, and in the middle ol the Channel tifteen farhoms deep -. on the bankr°
\v''t.nof (but on an higher ground than the rellj the VortHgals have buik the Caftje of V^ra , in form
iluadrAngi4l.tr, and well Walled, except t:)wards the Kivcr ; the Countrey thereabouts inh..bited by 300
VortuguKf bifidestheGarrilon.

Now for the t^ortunes of the whole, it never did acknowledge any one SHfream Divided into many
Iribt f , and eaiii 1 ribe governed by their C'4i"// . as in other ( ountieys. 1 hcfe Tribes fo many, and the
Mutfcr of their names foufelefTe, that I now fotbear it. In this elhte they lived when ditcovercd firft ;
butby whom firudilcovered, Will not be agreed on. ihe^'/i-iw/.o-fV/.toget fome colour of a litle for
theCiown oi C.i//»/f.alcribeitto John Vinjotie, and Ditgo de Irpv, two of their own < onntrey ; who as
iliey i\\) , lud landid on it in the year 1 500. before the coming 01 C.iprali;, though the fame year alio.
7heI'c>-r«^4/f8ttributethedircovcryof itroIViiro Aivaret. dc Capra/i ,lsiM by ti.eir King limiimitl to
'the Eajt'lnSes : who being driven over hither from the L oall ol Guinea , took poffcflion of it , and as a
Monument therei<f, advanced a CVoJ/t', giving then ime of SanlU Crucis,OTthe Hotj Crffe , to this
ne* dilcovery. I hat name changed aiterwards to Virafil (torn the abundance of that Wood ^as it is con-
ceived j which wKs found amonull them. Notice he. *5f being given to the t ourt oiVcringAl, AtKcricM
Vilhiim a A'cZ-Zf f/orf«ri«c An. 1501. and after him ?(i/)« ^r £w/;c// , another ofth.tt Nation in the
year 150} were by /iww/jww/ employed in a lurthet dilcovery. Who fptedirg fortunately in it , the
Yortugals did accordingly fend over fome VUntations thither. But a gn.^t controverfie growing betwixt
then, and the Spaniard, to whether of the two it of right belonjad : the SpanUrdvi&s content to yield it
to the Crown (if Portugal, though by the Bull, or Edirt of Pope AUxander the fixt (by whom the whole
ur.difcovercd World was divided betwixt thofe two Kings) it fecmed to fail within the Grant mailc to
the Crown of C<i/?»/f. Hnjoyedby this ^»»m<i«i<f/, and tht Kings fucceedir;^ till thicdea:lh cf Schftur,
(whtch Selxtfiiiinih*: Jrfuits \ook on as the Founder of aJI their Colledges in this Countrey J find by the
^MKiArds (nut the deith of Himj , whofe reign continued but a year^ though in the n ime and right of
v:xi lownut' Ptrtugai ; that Nation being fo prudently jealous of their inttrriTe in :: , thl* thiy woiiW
fufftr any of the Subicfts ofSp.m to grow grcit amongft them. By theripofTiffed' entirely wiiho-it any
llivals C i me.in for lo much of the Coontrey as they had (ubdued) tilt of late ycart the Hdhndii-s piit in
for a part ; and got the Pr^fcitures ol Fornatiback., and Todos Los Sunilos (or the Bay j by the llight of
VVai'. 7'he \A\ wi'h all the other Members of the Crown of Portugal , ii the late Revolt of t!>at Nation
from the King ol Spain, fubmitting unto lohn the 4*''. of the houle of Rragance . whom the Fortugueu
had made their King, Annt 1639.

1083

U I A N A.

V IAN A\% bounded on the Eaft with ihe Miin AtUmick. j 00 the Wc» witli the
Mountain* of Perm, or railier (bmc undifcoveredCountreyiinterpofcd betwixt them 1 on
the North with iheKiverOrwfw, and on the South with that of the Ama^om The
reafoii of the name 1 linde not , unlefle ic be fo called frotn the River fria ol which more
anon. '

Ii it fitiiate on both fidei of the Lim, extended from the fourth Degree ofSeMtbern, to the eielith of
ihe Northern Latitude. Ihe Air, notwithftanding thii fituation under the tx£>«4/or , affirmed to be
temperate , the HaHern wind' ( which they call the iBWw; )conftantly blowing about Noon andmiti.
gating the extreme heati thereof by their cooler blafti. The Countr»ry towards the Sea fide flat'and level'
the inland parti more mountainoui and fwelld with hils : in all places fo adorned with Naturci
Tdptfirie , 'he boughi and branches of the Trees never unclothed or left naked , fruit either ripe or
green growing ftili upon them ) that no Countrey in the world could be better qualified, fhe
particular Commodities of it we (hall fee anon , when the partitulai pirts hereof come into
Difcourfc.

01 the People it is faid in gencrall , that they have amongfl thorn no fctlcd Government ; and though
they acknowledge fome fuperiority in the CfciV// of their T'n^w, yet it i$ only voiuntuy | iis long and
as little as they pleafe. Adulttrj and .i/«r(ir , which are only pumfliable, nor 01 lierwiff expiated but
by the deali 01 the OlTendcr rte richer fort have two or three Wives , and fomtinics nmre ; tne poor but
one, and haidiy able to keep her: they that have more.and they who have but one,;i like jl- lious of them •
and if they take them in Adultery , without any further ceremony orformti/itui of Imv , liiey beat out
iheir brains. Their wives , eft ecially the elder.thcytfefor J^ctw^f/ sand he wlilchluth molt fuch is
the grcaieft ni.m. Without Rtligkn , or any notion of a Godhidd ; not fo far onwards on the way to the
ivotlhip of the true Cod , at to be IdolMtrs : for though ;<i«/.<fWr bemillakcn in the proper Qbied,
it fuppol'cth a Diitie > and they who have ihis Princiflt , Thai* there is a G«d , haveltarncd one.and not
ihe kaft of the points of their CMechi/m- Their /frcompr/amongftthemfelvestheykeep with a bundle

01 (licks , which they diinmifli or increafe according to the times of their contra*. I heir pHnerMh they
fblemnize with a Fv.aft , but with fuch diverfity in thedejportment of both Sexe^ , that whilei the tyomtn
howl extremely ,the Men perform the okfeqtties with finj^ng and excelfivet/rjMi^ia^ ; the one at improper
for a Ftafl, at the other for a Fntierat.

Rivers of mod note in it, btlidet i Oreno(]He,a.nA 2 the Rivci' of Am4ians^*nA thofe rather boundaries
fcetwixt this and the neighbouring Provinces , than proper mto this alone. 3 An/twari , 4 CotiMwini,
5 CAf^HroMgh , or Cxj^pwrr , all fiilling into the fame miin At Ltntick^M'.viai the Kwct oi Amaianl
and H'Mfoca : tlie laft arifing out of the Lake of the Armkjl , hair" a mile broad at the mouth or influx
into the Sea, and but five fpans deep 6 mtfoco, of which more hereafter. 7 tyU, 8 C/ij^ne, 9 Marrvine,
10 EfeqHete , a River of twenty dayes journey long, betwixt Ww;o« and the River of Orwo^w or

£4lMtUt.

The whole divided commonly into thefe four parts , i- Rio de Us Amavines , or the River of Amaztnt,

2 tviapHo or GmMA fpecially fo called , 3 Orcrnxjue, and 4 the Iflei oiGkUmi.

1. RIO BE LAS y*/t/y*;?0 AT fi', or the River of //w.ito;if,containeth that part of this
Countrey whiih lieth along the trad of that famous River. The foil in fome plaa-d'y and barren , in
others fertile and ptoJudive of the choiceft fruits. Full of large Woods, and in thofe Woods inof> fo t
of Zrees which are to be found in y^w^ricd ; One amongfl others ofmoft note, (and perhif.s peculiar
toCttMna ) which they call the Totock: a tree of great balk , and as great a fruit ; this la:f as big at a
mans head , and fo hard withall • that when the fruit grows ripe and ready to fall , the peopi ; da c not f^o
into the woods without an helmet or fome filch (hclter over their heids , forllMrof beating out cheir
brains. The /^rw// of it , for the moftparttenor twelve in number, have the tafte of y^/wW/, and are
faid to be provoratiw in point ofVenerie- Of which the Salvages hajjdthis p,y-wod , Piant fecks in
Sdccowe pirtgeanTotocke ; that is to fay, Eat Totock^, if thou wouldft be potent in tlu A As aiVinw. Hi-rc
arc alfo Suitir canes in fome places , and the Plant called Pitu , thetafte whereof is faid to be line Straw-
berries, Clartt- wine, and Sugar.

The principal Inhabitants of this part of the Countrey , the Tms, CockettHway , P4ttecni , TjckiMet,
Tontfcs, and tyackihitiics dwelling on the Continent ; the Maraons,^^^ Arowu/it polfelfL-d ot the Hands.
Towns of note I have met with noneamongft them 'though every houfeC mofloftlrem 150 toot in
IcnRth , 20 in breadth , and entertaining at the leaft an hundred perfons ) mght pafs furtiLiently for a
Viilai',c. Yet they are fifer houfed than fo , for otherwife their houfes would aff ird t!icTi but little com-
fort in the ovei flowings of the River , which drown all the Countrey : and therefore they betake them-
felves to the topi of trees, and ':here remain, like Birds, with their feveial fa mlies , t Ii tie w iters bi; drawn
in aj.rain.,and the earth become more comfortable for habitation. Vet I find fome of thefe ciicir duellinirs
called by proper names , as i M^arcm , 1 Rockery , 3 Anarcaprock^, 4 Haam4», 5 JVimiAni^ and 6 Cnge-
mimne. But I find nothini^ but their names, and enonch of that.
•' ^ Iffff The

'1!

all

■W^

1084

G U 1 A JN A.

i A P O C O.

:l.

■^:i

i':

I he firllDilcovererot"this,Kiver and the parti ad joyning , w,i4 OrelUnn ihe F-irutennnr ciGenQlti
fiKArro whom his brother /'r<»«f»/fo/'«*^ryo,^htn Viceroy of/'f/w.h.id niadcihtCjoveiiiour of ^ito.
Moved W!th the noyle ol fome rich Countreys beyond tlif WWc^. he railed fuflicient I ones , and pafl.d
over ihcile Mottnraim ; vwherc finding want ot all things for the lite of man, they m.'. ie a boat , and Pent
this 0rf//4)»<« to bring in provifjons. ButtheRiver which he chanced into , waO'o iwiiccFcourfe, that
he was not able to go back ; ■ndthereture of neceflicy to obey his I'onunc m following riie cotjrfe of chat
flrong water. Pafling along by divers del'olate and unpeopled places . became at lall into a Coutitrey
planted and inhabited ; where be fiiA heard ot the ^mii4(i»/ {^^ihokS4lvagejia\Wii(:oir.apujdrtu)
of wbombewas bidden to beware as a dangerous people : And in the end having fpenc his time in
pafling down this llivcr from the begmniiit; ot ^4»«jrytotlitei.d ofyf//^«y? i j^o. he came at j^fV into
the Sea-, and getting into the tile ot C«^»i»j , fayled into .yM/«;thccourrtot his vo^aj;e down tbetr*-
ter he eftin atcd at 1800 leagues (or 5400 Englipj miki) out found no AmaK.ont in his paffage, ai
hiofelf affirmed > ondy lome malcHiitit wumca ftiewed il'rr.ilclves jnteimixt w.tlj 'he men , to oppofe
bis landing ; and in feme places nc found men wi(b hug hair like women > eithr of lytiiih in ght tnalte
th< fe parts believed t9 be hi-4d by Amtujons. But to proceed, arriving at the Court oC Spain , he got
Commijfion for the conqueft of the Countreys by biva difcovcrcJ j and m t()e yc^r 1 c^o. he betook him-
felf unto the fervice. But though be found the mouth of the River, one of them at Itaft , he could never
Lit upon the C'/<)<i»M(/ which brought him dowo, thoug!> atctmpred often. vVhith -11 lijuifle, with the
confiJeration of his lofle both in urae and fortunes, broMglithnn to his grave; having go: nothing but
(he honour of the firft difcovery , and the leaving ot hit name to that famous liwi ,li nee tailed Onttanti.
Thcenterpriiepurfued.but withiikefuccelTe, by one /"fJru tic Or/»<r, Ai.J5Co. alitr uli'tti the Sfani-
dr/^i gaveito'.er. And though the £«^//i;/5 and the Hollanders iiavt endcavouud m\ cxsiA difcovery,
and fsverally xgun Tome I'Untations in ic, yet the" proved as unfortunate as tin mi hers ; ihcir ^S^ancrs
being beaten up by (he neighbouring PoriKgMS , btforeihey were fuffiiiently lornfic-a to make any refi-
nance. *

2. fyJAPOCO, or GUI AN A fpeciaiiy fo called .taketh up the middle of this Conntrcf , 6*
both fides oi'the iiuetofn'mfocv, wiicue it hatb his name. A ixiver ofa longcourfe, but not pafTablr,
up the dream above 16 miles, by leaio o'aOMro^.ur great fall from the hi^htr ground :in breadth
betwixt that CataruU and the ty£fiuarinm , about (he tenth part of a miU ; ac t'e iAijinarhim, or irflox
a whole mile at lealf , and tl'ere ab-uut iwu fkithoms deep.

1 heCountrev on both fides ol this River very rich ajid fertile ; fo natural foi- TdlnM-co, that ir groweth
to nine hand i'uls long. Sugar-Cams grow litre natuiaily witiiout any ^.U.iting , ai^o on tlie flimb* great
ftoreofC««s» , and the Dye by iome lalitd 0?^f/^4«4. Plentj of rf»/yi«iiithiir adods , -nd of Fifh in
their Rivers, iheir fitldi wc.l flored wi Ji Ueafts.Wnth thcraitWci call Aiojres, in fliapi- and ulc rcft'mbting
Kine.but without any horns. 1 he p.oplc ge:ieiatly ofa modert and inj.e iio'.mcouniu.iance ; Niked, but
would weai cloatlu,)f t\\t\^ Lad thein, or ^oew hew to make chem. Their breid v made of a Ilanc called
Cafavi ; ofwhiih alio btinj; dritd and ^ewed, and tlien ftrcned through a '.Viikir-veirel , they make a
kinde of drink in colour likf fiew AU, but not fo wtU talKd , and of IciTc continuance. 1 h'; preatel^ p.iiC
of their food is/ijJ.wHichtiiey uitoxnace with a ftrongfcn ed woou,a"dfo(akv:thnuip as tlicy lie
floating on the top of the water. Much troubled with a Worm lik^- a f /iw , (^ by rhc .V/j^wwrit called
Hignof) which get under the Nails oftheirT'of/, at^d multiply thereto .cfiaitcnumbrrs, and the no IcfTe
toituie of the P<«t<oif, without fpetd\ prevention : No better rem : , tound o.it, than to pour Wax melt-
ing hut on the pl.ice affided ; which b.ing pulled off, wlien tis cold,dr3ws the 1 ermin with it, fomcctmcs
800 at a pull. 1 he fVomen of fuch cafie chUd-tinh , that they are delivered without help , and prefentley
bring the Childe to his B'her f for they have fo much natural modelty as to withdraw from company
upon that occafion) who w^^ftleth it with water, and paimeth it with feveral colours, and fo returi.eth it
to the Mother .

Rivers of note here are very many ; no Couutrey under Heaven being better watered , nor fuller of
moreplcafant and goodly flreams. Thenamesoffomc oftbcm onboili fides of the if^iapoco we have
had before : the chief of which 1 take to be ffia , affirmed to be ofa long courfe , a poodly River aH the
way<3nd at the mouth thereof to be large and broad; which pafiing through theh^artnfthtC luntrq',
in the fourth degite and 40 minutes of Northern Latitude, may poflioly occafion bo h t!;e whole, and
and this part more .pecially to be called ff^ianf . and bytheZ)«/ci, who cannot pronounce the ff,
Guyana. Certain I am that by the name of ^rw**! I have found it written in approved Avthours. But
what need further feiith be made after kfTer Rivers, (which will offer ihemfelvcs to us of their own ac-
cord j when we have a Lake to pafle over like a Sea for bignefle , (magnum famofHm, & v^jlfim inflar
mtiri^, as my Author hath it^ by the Taos, or 'jaos called RapoHcwtnin, by the Canbn (the old Inhabitints
of this Countrey ^ Parimcn : Situate about a dayes journey from the K ivrr E^eijMcho .- and nrit;liboured
by the great and f*ii0us ilmt Manoa , wbicblbe SpanuriisaW Li D ra Jo (OilhcCMenCKw) from
theaburdanceofGold.intoyn, Plate, Armour, and other Furn'ture, which was fftid 10 be in it. Tlif
p.reateft Citie, a? fome fay , not onely oi America, but of all the World. For D«V^4 de Ordat , one of the
Companions o( Cartt^^nbk Aiexuan Wars, and by him condemned for a niutmy put iito a Bn.i'-
iilone without any victual, and focaltoflf lofeek his fortune ; affirmed at h's return, that hi' ;■ taken by
I'omcof the G'<«rf»w«,.md by them carried to their Ivinpjthen refidmgat Matu.a he entered theCircat
high noon, travelledailtherefl of thatday,and thcnext alfonntill night , bJo « heeame to the K'ni;»
Palace ; bur then tie fa^th that he was led blind fold all tbt wray : Ai d theiefo.e pi fii'.ly enoncli this
Litie raii-h: be no iuch miracle as the flory makes it ; DcnDugo beinj; either abuftd by the rtporrs of

tbt

1 A POCO.

GUI AN A.

the J'.i/w^^'f/ .or willing to. ibufi; the world with fuch empty HAions. For though the Spaniards Mndihe
Englijh have fevtrallylouf^hc.andthac with incredible diligence to find ou: this City , yet noneofchem
have hithcrco had the fortune to fall upon it. So that 1 fear it tnay be (aid in the Poets language,

— — Et (jHod non invent!: ufijwtm,
, Ejfe pMtes nHjqnam i, e.

Tim which u no nherc to be found,
Thinkjtot to be tibove the ground.

Nor is there much more credit to he give-i unto his i?f/,«/'(i«/ofthe great Court kept here by one of
the Inguf ■- who being foorCook , one of the yoiingcr brethren o\ Atab.tlihit the laft King of Peru , at ilic
loiiiiuclt of tha: Kingdom with many tlioufar.ds of his Followers came into this Countrey , and lu'bdumg
tliJ Can!>et , e'iA^d here a f^rond Ptruviaii Monarchy, l^or befides that Atabalib.t had no bre-
thren but Citujc.ir and Mungo who both died in Pent , how improbable muft it needs appear,
that t.iis6'ttu«<.('. K.\ni\ , knowing fo well the thirfl ofthe SpAniardt after Gold , would either fuffer biin
to return and dilciole the fctrets of his States or fend him away loaded with Gold .astisfaidhedid;
VVIiofhe>ve:l) In? /'rufure to a 2"hicfc , dotli defcrv< to lofc ir. And therefore letting pafs thefe dream?
of an £/ Dor^di , lit us defcend to plates of lefs MAgmfuence ., hu. of greater reality. Amongft which £
reckon i On/w , moll memorable tor a Colo!iieot£«^/(yZ> there planted by Captain /fo^cr/ Hrfrfo«r.*,
yln. 1 OoS. lituate on die banks oi the H'lacopo, near the inourii thereof, on the advantage of a Rock, and
tliat lloik fo difficult of accels , that they learc - , '> dani;erfrom an Enemy, /"he Ayr fo found and
aniwcrabic ic the conrtitution ot an £;;ij/;/J body ,uiat of 30 which were left there for three rears to-
,!;cttii". , there dyed but fix, and thole lix rather by misfortune , and fomecrofs accident jtt-an by any
jifer.lis. 2 Gomeribo, on the top of an hill near the mouth ofthe (Jay oi'macopc, pofTertcd awlme by fome
HAU»dtri , but !'oon dclcrted. 5 Moyimon , a Vi'lage of the Paragoti , on the banks of the River Afar-
vfitiui 4 Creniiiay , on the Other fide of the fame River , portrfftd by the dribes : the King ofthe firil
( for .ach Tri.'it had ict icveral I'rinces ) bemg named Mapirit^kn , affirmed to be a vertuous man , and
kind to jirM^trs ; ofthe later , Minapa- 5 TanparMmuntn, about an hundred Leagues from the mouth at
that River. And 6 .l/snyJf^o , four dayes journey from the other . both portcflcd by the C-tri^f/. The
King , "T Ca(,>cj'ie of thole lall , at Captain h^rcourts being there ( of which time we fpeak ) naim-d Arc
witi-i : irtiuiuil toliavcaskin likca piece ol Buff.

The pi.Kipal Families of this part , befides the T^iw .or/'rf^o/, and the yT^ir^ow/fpoken of before,
vvli'i poU'elsalmoll all the Sca-coaftsot this Countrey ,arefaidtobe Anv.uit ,the SapMjoj ,ihe Al.ipi,
nnd tilt Ar.uonri; of ditlcrent Languages . and Cufton.-s , though neer neighbours unto one another.
Originally inhabitants of the Hand of Trintd^ido , and the River of Onwo^/z/f ; whence driven by the
SpHiii^rdi ;hev came into tins li"a(.H,and beating 1 he oldlnhabitancs, whom they call by the common
rmnc of dirtbes , higher into the Countrey, polfefled themf.lvL-s ofthe Sealhores , and the pa :s ad-
JDy.uiij} : each ffibe or Family being governed by its lcv«ral Chiefs as before was intimated, fhc
NtiUrUndcrs I'or a time had lome footing in it , bur they ijuickly lett it ; endeavowing nothing more
1:1 che nine of iheir fliort Hay amonglf them , than to make the People dif-aflfeAed to the Emrjijl' \ of
whii;c prctenlions to thil'e parts, and difigns to plant them they had good Intelligence. A;dlomuch
was lOiMifrcd by fome ol the Natives , when they had found by good experience and ncquaintancc , how
iiiutli the In^ltjh were ab'iied in thole mil-reports. Afterwards in the yea. ' '104. Captain Ch.trhs Leigh
let Sail II oin iyoilifii.h on the Thames , and in May fell upon the River of tyiapvce , where he was kindly
entertained, gr.itihed wiih aii Houle and Garden, and his Aide craved agiii.lt the C.vibes and their mher
1-nvmits. He toos pofTillion ol the Countrey in the name of King ^^w/r and the (..rown of /";/7/,W;
anJ laultd tli; River otivi'.poco to be called ( by his own name ) Carolii^^i' .- but that naun. endtd with
liis lite, and thit fhortly alter , lie dyng in his return on Ship board. Ihedtfign went fnrw.vd' not-
nMililfnudiiii; , and in the year 1608. .v\ t'ltv/ifh ("olony is brouglu hither by C^aptam Harcnvt , a new
ji'iii ilim taKcn iiuhc name of King ^, («,(/, the Colony planred at C'<<r/i» before m' n oned riu Conn-
i' ey u rrlier fearihed into by that Noble CJentlcman, than ever formerly by any , or b;, many lince. After
three \ ear> , the Colony wanting tit fup;;ly . returned home again ; the Plantation never ti itc rurlued,
ilioii.libv UiMie projerted. Yet fo fir are tliele .SWz/^^wbtholding to the i-.w^/i'^* Nation , rli.it as they
did diteiiJ tlumac tluirbtmi^tlierc ag.imftthe C.inbes , fo at their going otfthcy tau 'lit them thcufeof
Arms, and put them into a /if|/?«)Y(^ t/i'/iwf , iiubling them thereby to prefervethtmfelvejagainftali
ilie.r Liieii.i;4,

5. n R f NO Q_l> it , or the Province of the River of Orenoijiie compi cliendeth the North parts of
CiD.ina , lyini', upon und towards the lianks of that famous River of which we have alreadv IpoKcn.
1 he i.ouncei very r'l h and pleaiunt , confilfing of large Plains , many miles in compal's , adorned w.ch
liie embro diry of F owcrs , and iinxnown Plants, exceeding pl'.alant to the eye . and lometimes in-
tviiued w'th '■fills, r.'portcd to be funiflied with ritii Mines of Gold and ^.)itvcr. I'he Rivers liberally
ifored Kit'i Fi(h , and [lie I'orre/ls bo;h With Heath and Foiv/f. No Countrey in Arr.vrica , not Pnnic
fell, fiiO to be lomp ir.:b e to it tor nbundanceot Trealure. '■oni.- alio add a whole Mountain of Chryjlail
til be feen alar ofi iroai irineiaprrj : and tell us ( but in g.ncrall terms ) cit'more goodly Cities than
.■in nil Pfn.iii.: ,hdi neiclier tlu .V/),w.j,./j nor the i;'«|^/(,4 couJd -ver fee tbcm , thoii-^hthty

•JiiirfitU ;. ifihtu i:!'.onKillpa:tbofth:sCyuiuiey.

Fffff

T^S

io8d

GUIANA.

U R E N O (LU E.

The People , a of fevcial Nations , fo of leyeral Ndturts : i he Capuri , and Afarun-of , l.ir he v, )(l
part Carpenters , live by making Cn»cat or Uoats , which th:y fell intoG'«;.m.i lor Gold, and ;o Trixi i.do
for T'o/'^ffo ,tn ihc immoderate taking whereof they exceed all Nations. When a C\uiqt,e or Lorn-
mander djeth.thcy ni.ike great iamentatioa ; and after the flefti is putnfitd .ind lalltn from the hone«,
they take up the Sktlttm , and hang it up in the houfe where he dwelt , decking Ins skull with ff^tkys of
all cc-'ours , and hanging jjsold Plates about the bones of his arms and thiuhs. Of the Tivtiiz:is uv.\ Wn'y,
upon fome of the Northern branches , it is affirmed by Sir ff.i/nr Kuhi^h,th»l they are a goodly and vali-
ant People, and to have the moll manly and moU deliberate Ipeech of my Nition in the VVorlJ A
People which eat of nothing that islet or fown;!he children of Dame A'.if.v-c, and therefore will r.on
be beholding for their lively-hood unto Art , or Indultry ; ufing the tops of ilu' Pulmito free for I'.re.id ;
Fifli , Dicr , and Swines-fiefh , for the left of their fiftenance. The Ajfawy , Sayrm , wikrri , and Aro-
rM , affirmed to be a; blacK as Neg^roes ,h\it with fmoother hair : And to ule Ai row» dipt id fo ftran;;e a
poyfon , as doth not only brmg death .but death with molt unfpeaK.ibleto-m-nrs , elpit..,lly ifthc
wounded party be permitted to drink. Of the y/ni-jf-eotthisTrdrt 1 tinde nothing fiii';ul.ir , but .!uc
when any of their Kings or Caciques die, their wives and necrcll ofthc kindred bc.it their bones to
powder, and mingle it with their drink like (pice.

I'laces of moft importance m it ( for to Ipeak any thing particularly ofthofe many Rivers wliich f.'.!!
into the Orenoque , were an endlefs labour^ i ComoUha, on the South of Onvjo-^/.-c, but fomcwiuc
diftant , in whidi th«.y keep forae Annual lairs for the lale oi if omen. One ol Our Er.^HP) me.i , let'c by
Sir jVulter lUleigh , Anno 1S9)- affirmeth that he bought eight of rhem f iheclddf not .ib()\e eii^h.
teen j for a h.ili penny rcd-hditcd knife .which he brought troni £«'r/.i»;J; i'.uc withdl ttllcth us for
his credit that he gave them to fome Salvages of h:s acquaintance, i Murequito , a snown Port upoi
fome branch of the Orenoque ; of much ule to the EngUpt m ;heir tirll Difcovery of ihelc parts 3 n-cr.i-
tapora, fo called fro n another branch of that River bearing this name; from w'lence \v.>.i fhcweJ an
bigii Hill f id to be oiCbrjjlall , but i\> far off , that it was thought better to believe titan to go and k^.
Others report of this Mountain that above it there is a mighty Kivcr , which falling down this Cat.ir.tn.
en the lower grounds, makes 1 terrible noile.as it 1000 IJc.ls were k.iocked oneaga.nit another. And pol-
iible enough itis.that thisgreatfall of water difcerned far off,raay(with the help of Su < (hine)cariy fome
relemblaiice ol a Chrjjhl/ine Mountain. 4 .S.jWf .litaate on the Main Channel of the River Oreiioqne.x
Town of i4ohoufts, itretched out in length fo' lialfa mile, but lli^htly built, a Panlh Church in the midlf
ot It, and at the Wert end a Conve.it ofFrawiJam Friers. I he only Town of all Gm.in.t poflefled by 1 l.c
SpMurds ; not fortified till againrt the blf coming of ^ir ir.tltcr Raleigh , Ami) ibij. but taken by liim
at ihat time, and fince that by the Hollamiers^ An. 1019. though by both fjjitted not long after ,ic
re(u: lied iq the Spaniardt-

fhefevtrall Nations ofthis Trad have been named before, Difcovered tirftby Dic^oclc Ord.ts ., Anno
1 53 1, fuinifhed With a Patent for the conqiult oi it by C/wr/c j the (ift, liu-t not hiuing on theriuhc
Cliaiinel , or otherwife not able to overcome the dilficulties which lay before him , lie retun ed to Sp.un :
cffeding nothing but the opening of the way to others, followed herein b\ Hiero/i; lie Onil , Anno
1533. and alter by Henera, who proietdcd further than the others, //««</ 1 5 56. and finally by (V(/«-
J.ilvo Ximenei, de ^tjada and Antonio Berrto wi;h t'.ir better fortune ; who beginning their journey
Horn the A'tir Realm r//G'>,in./(i<iin the I'carrb oiGmana, fell cafua ly intothis;'!eat River .asOrr/Z^K^
did before into that ot ihc Anta<ous. Hut yet not perledly dilccvered till tli'.- year 1 51;). in which Sir
ll'.ilier ll.iliigh having taken Prifoner t.\\\i Antonio Btrreo , Mi learning olii.m ilie (uccels ofh:s l.xpe-
diiion , rtfolved ii^oii the undertaking : and learched lotar intothe Countiey by theco^lIfeo''t'll^ lli-
ver.that Ibmc have li nee called it Ralian.i. llie bulineli followed thcnextye.ir ( alter In* return j by
Capiain Lawrence Keymii , cmpio', ed by Raletj^li in that fervice , who at his coin:ng found i he ( ountrcy
pulfcfTed by the Spaniards , by whom 20 or 30 of' the moveable hoafes oftlie S.ilv.iirei had been laid
together like a fown ; and all the Natives, who wilhcd well to the I'.ngliflj , dilperlcd and Ic ittercd Ss»
that Without any other effcA ot his journey , than tlie finding out the true mouth of the 0». n^-pie ( which
Le til ft dilcoverid ) he let (ail lor England In the mean time 1: had been moved at the Cvitrt ,tliat a
Colony oti«^ J* fliould be planted there , and fome porportionible foicc lent over to inike good the
Action. Hut ilie motion upon good advice i.jectid ,tirltinicgardotthcdiltance ol it from the main
hoJyofourltrength : and ily. becaule the .i'/!.(«M>-ii'j bordering neer upon it, might ealily call out (inalJ
i dices and make the enterpnle diftionourable to the English Nttion , who had then the better of him 111
the point of Honourable Atchicvements. It was permuted noiwithltanding unto private Adventuicrs to
li y their 1 ortunes on it , witlmui engaging ol ilu State : whereupon followed the Voyai;es ol Leii^h , and
H.inci'.it , before fpoken of But they no: being .ible to go thorow with fo great a balinefs , lec it lall
afaiii. And fo it relfed till chelUt unlortunate V oyage of Sir;;',(//i>- A'.j/f('^/j , iiceTled by C.ommiliioii
U'.dcr the gre.it Seil to Icarch into lone .rl^;w; of Gold and Silver , which he was credibly informed of
nlieii lie was in th.s Coanircy. A delign toliowed with great hopes , by the Undenaki rs , molt of them
being (leilo.'.s othonour ,and well attended : but fo unfortunate in the iffueftiie .i'/j.oiMc./f b;ing HiaJc
.i<i|uiuitea with It before lii^ coming ) that at the taking of S.'Tlnmc ,he lol't his own Son ,and a gr«ac
p.iit oj his forces \ and after Ins return ( not able with the refiJue to make good his ground .igainlf the
LntniyJ \'. as executed oia fornv-r Attaindurc, intli.old .".il.ice o{ii'ij{ni-n;hr.i)A(>h kj. .•/««•; 161S.
Ofwhom I cannot choofe but iiice what is laid b, Cam.lcn Cl.mntirux . in his .-tnn.ils -. i n 1 r.it n:4>i'-ii:.int
I Vh l.iiidatojiudio cfr Rigi.nts rtmJ.if d.teg(ndi, C" A'lialcn; Al^l.x ghri.tm prc>Kjvcn.li. A'.ld li> 1 leave
.'1. ui to his reft in the bcii of peace.

4. THE

Tr. 1 NI DADO

GUIANA

1087

4. THE ISLANDS which properly arc accomptd of a? part! of Cwmm^, he either fcartered oil
the (horc, in the raouths.or bodies otilu- greater Rivert : lomj of them not inhabited .others of no name-
and none at all of any reckoning. Dnely the lUe of \.Trinidado,JiT\iii z,T,ibago, .ic of fonu- efti-.m:
which though fomewhat further off from the ftiores of this Countrcy. yet being that ofTrinUuL heth
.n themouthof.heOrf«o<7«(f,and that both of them with C7«w«<ipafll- but for one /Vj-Yi i/wr or /Va-
vincial Government, we (hall deftribe them in this place.

1. TRINIDAD O, ot InfuU ^.TrinitAtis, lieth at the mouth of the River Orenocjue ovei apainfi:
Pari*, from which fcparated by a Frith, or Strcit, by Columhiu , who firrt difcovored it , called Boca del
Drago, or the Dragon' moMth, becaufe of the dangcroulncJfe of rhe pafTage- Extended from the ninth to
the tenth Dcgfi-'f of Northern Latitude ; the moll Southern Angle of it, cal.cd Puma dclGaHo, as that on
the North- tall PMniadcGakru. Ihe h'rith,wStreit, but three miles over, yet made more narrow by
the interpofition of four, or five little Iflands, which the iea brcaketh through with great violence,
leaving ondy two entra.-'ccs for (hipping into the Golf, called the Golf of I'aria. I he length hereof z%
leagues.the breadth 18. ofa cloudy and unhealthy aire, but a fertile foyi, abundantly well ftored with
fuch commodities as are of the natural growth of Amcriea,va. Maitj:,SHgiir-Canes,Cuttor. wool, and the
beft'kir.de oiTobacco, much celebrated formerly by the name of a Pipe ofTnnilxdo. Here is alio a fuffi.
tiency ol Iruits and Cartel for the ufe ol the Natives . and here and there Ibme veins of Gold, and oiher
Metals : fuch llorc o( Pitch, that innumerable ftiips might be laden with it ; but that ic is conceived to be
unlit for the calking of (hips, becaufe it foftneth in the fun. The place in which it gt oweth , bj t the Sfn.
tiiards called Terra de Brea, by the Natives Wchen.

The people ol the fame nature and difpolicion with the other yfwmfrfw.diftimuiflied into fevcral
Tribes , buc moft of them reduced urdei the power of two petit Princes. But the greate ft pa'-t 'of. the
Inhabitants, to avoid the Tyranny of the Spaniards . forfook their Countrey, and fci tied over in:o Guia-
na, where btfore we found them. The chief I own of it called S.fofephs, fuuate on the South fide of the
Jfland, on the banks of a little River which the Natives call Carone , the ordinary refidence of the Gover-
nour, who hath under him befides this Ifland the Provinces of Guiana and El Dorado for (0 go his titles)
jetalnull Town, confilhng but of4ohoufes, when it was taken, /i«. 159 j. by Sir jr^/rtr /?«/«>/;; /f«.
rowio 5fr>co the Goveinourofit being then made prifoner, who furniflied his taker with many notions
( and fome mcerly fabulous) towards the difcovery oiGuiana.

This llland firftdifcovered by Chrijhpher Columbm in his third voyage, An. 1497. was by him called
La Trinidad, it may be with fome reference to the form hereof , (hooting into the Sea with three Point t
or Piomontories. Nothing elfe memorable in the fortunes and Rory of it , but what is touched upon be>
fore.

2. T AB AGO lieth on the North- Eaft of La Trinidad, bom vi\\k\i 8 miles diftant : fiill of fafc
Harbours for the bignelTe , -wataed with 1 8 little Rivers, and well ftored with Woods ; amongft which
foax Palmito Frees, fome like that of the ifrrfyiV wW, others not elfewhcre to be found. Of Fowl and
Filh lufficient to maintain it felt. Now called New tValcheren, with reference to an llland of that name
in Zealand, by fome of the Low- Countrejmen, who begin to plant tiiere.

%
If

.1'

Fffff 3

io88

Cum

ANA.

'i'\

t*i'

>)'

O F

P A R I A.

ARIA is bounded on the Eaft with Gaidiu, and the Iflands in the mouth of the OremMjut^

on the VVeft with the Golf, or Ray of Vene^neU, and part of the new Realm of <j>.t»ailt ;

onthc North.withthemain ^f/.(«Mtit_Oce«B,or jW<jrti^/iVoorf J the Countreys lying

on the South not difcovered hitherto.

It took this name from a miftake of the J/i^^iW^fasPrrw, and/wwf.won the like^
who asking, as all men do, the names of thofe new Regions which they difcovered, and pointing to the
Hilk afar off , were anfweied Vari.t , that is to fay, %.'7 Hills , or Mountains (for here begins that ledge
of Mountains whid) are thence continued for the fpaceof 36oomiles , to the Streits of Af.i^cll.ini) and
lb hath it ever fince held the name of VarU. By fome VVricers it is alfo called Xova AnJulnJii ; but I
adhere unto the former.

The narare of the foy 1 and people being very different, will be moie pi opei ly confidcred in the feve-
ral parts : The whole divided into the Continent and thelfiands. wliith with their lUbdivifions, may be
branched into thefe particulars , viz. i.Cxmana. Z.VcnujttlM i.^.MargArttu. 4, C«i<«ffw4,and j.tbc
kderlllands.

I. CV MAN A hathon theEantheGolfofP«i»'M,andthe River Onw^wc; on the Weft VinC'
tuela : on the North and South bounded as before. So called Jrora Cnmanti , one of the Rivers of it ;
on the banks whereof fome Dominican Fryers (who firfl fet footing in this Countrey j built themfclves
a Monaftcric ; that name communicated afterwards unto all the reft of this Trad,

It is extended Haft and Weft to the breadth of 1 10 leagues; the length thereof from North to South,
fnid to be 400. But there is little of it known , and Itfle of it planted by the Europxafu ; except forac
l>Uce$ near the Sea ; thei e being no part of all America, the defci iption whereof hatli come lb impcrftS-
ly to our hands, as they have ot this. For except it be the names of fome Buyts, or Vromor.twies , and of
two, or three moft noted Rivers, there is not much chat doth require our confideration.

The Countrey, for lb muiii as hath been difcovered , neither rich nor pleafant ; and confiqucnily the
Itflc looked after : covered with (hrubs , and overgrown with unprofitable brycrs arnl bulhes. Hereto-
fore famed for Pearl-ffljia^, all along the Coaft, from thcGolfQil'arta to that od eue^acU. called ihere-
iore Cofia dc Lis Perlas ; but that cainlull trade hath long fir.ce tailed it. Nov. <inely of elleem for a vein
o* moft excellent Salt, found near the Promontory oi'ArajA , and tlie Bay ot Curiaco {;athei ed aau dig-
ged up ther. abouts in great abundance, and yet never dimininimg. The parts adjoyning take fiom
litnce the name afSaltfia , the Promontorie bordering on the I lith .called Bvradcl Ih>igo , the title, or
<!ppellationofCapeS<i/(«»«j. Of fome ftrangeCre.iturcs in this Count ny, .'s the bcaftcallid C'.fp.i , the
loles of whole feet are like a ftiooe , a kinde of Hog, which lives altogether upon Ants ', or, Pifmires j Par-
1 ots, and Uats, ot more than ordjnary greatneflv, 1 forbear to fpeak.

Of the people I Hnde nothing lingular, except it be, that havina plenty of i;i>od fruits, asof fifh and
rtefti, they uf- th.njlelvrttoa far worfe dyet, feeding on Hcrflnches^R.its Spi.j- >< .GrtiJ?joppers,ff\'>mi,
Lice, and fuch other Vermin. In other things they (cem to have .i mixture of ail ill cuftoms ufed aiiioiigft*
i\\<: Siihat^ts oi Ajia, Africk^,xni Amcrii,%; as multitudes of Wives, proftituting thefe Wivts tor the
full nights lodging, to the /'Mfo/, or /')-<iy?j ; and for any after , to liieuGaff// ; taking great pains ta
black their Teeth, and putting ftrange colours on their bodies inftead of Garments' high minded,
trtathcrous,& revengefull ; accuftoaied to the ufe of po^ fbncd Ai rows,wbich they envenom witii Snakes
bloud, and other mixtures. In one thmgonely difte'ient from the reft ot their neighbours . which is the
fcncingottheu Grounds, or Orchards with a Ccrfo«-f/;rfJ,asJhigh as ones Ciirdle ; and an opiiiion
winch they have, that wholbever breaketh it, or goes over, or under it, fliall die inimcdi.itly. More fife
in that perfwafion, than by brazen Walls.

Rivers ot moft note,tli()Ugh of little, \. Rw de Cumoi 2. FioJf A'czcri. t,. C urr ana dc B.v duties.
The Lb.iet Havms, or Roads tor Ih'pping, i. Afoxino. z.S.Foj Ami j. that cal!td Ciw/^<H<(f^6r. fhe
piaitiot iniiti torlideratioii. i. C'«w.i".i,a Colome of Jf<w(.(;-ri/,on the bank of the Riviioi th.u. name;
h'Jtdilhnt about t'.'.'o miles from the Sea ,on which it hath a tale and convenient ll.irbour; the Town fo
lieJgtd about v.ith Woods, tii.u nothing cm be teen of it till one come into it , except it bi. tf.e ( iover-
nours houte , feucd upon the top of a lolty Mountain. 2. S J-ig*, a llrong 1 ortrefle built hy the Spt-
t:i.trdi for defence of the Salt Lake, or SalinM . in the year 1 622. on fome intelligence tlur the HolUiult > 1
fad a [>ui pole to take I hem from him ; tbrtifiedby the rules of Art, and plinted with 30 pieces of Oid-
M;in[crhc one half ot ijiaffc 5 S. /WitW/^/f .V. w?/ ,on the River totalled, a loMviihe Sp.iniMrds.
4. Uii.iniki, a Village of the Natives.

llieCuunirey tirl>dilioveri.d in the tlilrd voyage of Clvi/lophir Cclitmbiu ; but i!ie poffeflion of ic
.na- tnthakenby two A/wdj;, .Mt ; who out of a Kilioriu /ealtoplani t'leGofpel m thcfc part* iViund-

td JiemfclTCS a little C<//iinhe ['lace where i! cHurrouuh ofc.

um.iihi Wis atttr bu,''. .'/mmu 15 1

Uoubtlefle had Ipcd very well in liieii h.-ly purpole.it fome i ov.tous '-p.ipiarJs h id not ueathe. oli;\ lei/ed
li.on one of the d.-ajs ot their Trihs , and earned liim utih hi • Vv iie and fram into i'Bii»i.% hvr.dage.

For

Venezuela.

PARI A.

loS?

lor this the poor Jlfonki fufferod d^ath i I may ?«ll it «<»rr;r<i,w i their dcuh r«vensed hy Alu^^^ihlT
0ied4, Anno 1 520. and he not lon^ after flain by the Salvuges, who alfo at the (atue titne c'eOn.y^ a cwo
Conventi o\ Domimcan and Francifcau Fners.whiih had been founded in thcyeir J 5 1 «. • j A Iccocd force
fcnt hithci- under C««/i/OT de Ocumfo^ wafteth a great part of the Countrey, behead* one ol tb.-ir KinRj
and hangs fome of his people. Uur chat ftrength bting withdrawn, or deieateU alio. Ditto de C^fieucn is
lent over by the Councel reliacni in HiifMitla, to fecure the pofTellion of the Countrc\ by wtxni Uie
Caftlc Rrlt, and after the Burrough oi'Lumana , was built and planted. Som* other attemprs there w»Te
for a further conqueft, but they proved nothing but attecnpts i except cbe buildmjj ol the Laltle o» S.yW^
chad dt Neven,hy Hierome of Orral.tnd the diCcovery of Tome of the in-land lVqviii«$ 150 kiamf
from the Sea-fide.by AntoHio Sedenno, An.1537. of which liothing followed, but the Recirtrini- of that
tedious march. ^

2. VENEZVELA is bounded on the Eaft with CumMit ; on the Weft with the Bay of
Vinei.HeU, the Lake oiMaracajho, ao4 che pew Realm ofCrMtida. So called by Alftnfo de Okda one of
the fitft Dilcoverers of it. Aha 599. becaufe he fout»d a Burrough of feme of the S\ilv4t;^es (itmtf in the
middefl of the waters , to which was no paflage but by boat ; the word iraporimg as much ai< Lat/c
y'enicc.

Jt IS in length from Eiaft to Weft 1 30 leaguss • in breadth where broadtfl about 80. The foyi lo plcn-
tifull of all foils both ofFruit and Grain ; the Countrey fo replemflied with all k nvt of Cactcl, and ejt-
cellent Paftures to maintain thera, that the neighbouring Nations tall it by the 1 -ime ut tht hraearie.
Such ftore there goeth from hence of Wheaten meal, ^i/ceff.Ctieefe, Hogs fltfli, Ox- hides, and Cloaih
of Cotton ready m»d>',as very well defuves that title. HerriMl'o very f.rt-Ht plenty of l-ilh, VViide
beads for hunting, Miiks of Gold tt.id other Metals; befides an ingmct: deal ol Sar<^]uiTiUa lent to £»•
rofe yearly.

The people of the fame nature and difpofition with thofe aiCnmrna , with whom they do participate
in all points of that Churailer. Ihe Women Cwhich wa< there omitted j trained up to rtde, run , leap,
and fvvim, a* well as the men . to till the Land , anU look to the bufincire of the houle, wlulclt the men
bunt, or fifh, to bring in provifion. They count it a grew part of beauty , to have Very thuk thighs;
which they effed , by binding their legs hard below the knee , front (heir very Childhood. Sharoelefie
enough till roamed, lifcer more reierved > tboug^i rather for iiear of a^idivorie , than tor love vfmo-
defty.

Rivers of note I meet with none ; ioftcad of which many convenient Haibours and capacious Bayes^^
Thcchief, that called 6'»'/o t^i/^*, from lomefliipwracks, or the like misfortune hapm.g totheNsmec
of it. 2. 1 he liay of Coro, ■ •< I enetMeU, large a. id ipacious, which by a l-'riih. or Streic or hal, a kaguc
over, receiveth the tribute 01, 3. Tlu great Lake called \ht Lakg '*i M^runjbo , by the Spaniards aWtA
Lugo de Nutftra Senmr>< <ir ou< Ladtts Lakf,\n compaffe abo'ic 80 league* 1 on the banks whereof d,vel
many Nations of the Stuv^us.U'd into \^ huh thirc fallcth a River from ibe P.eaim oi Gti^nudA, by which
the two I'tovincesroainiiin^ unimerce with one another.

Places of m jft importantc in it , i Maracapana, the t'urtheft Port upon the Faft , and one o the beft
on all this Load ;iii which >hi SpanMrdn>((.hlftign4h'id once a Qiitilon, under colou o' defending
the Countrey againlf the j'<i/i'<i_g« but in plain ttuth to ufeitfor anopporti.nit, to Iciie upon theic
perfons, and carry them awa> toi- SUves. Tliole parts hereby unpeople :■ , or h..c meanly ropulous.
2- Venei-Melu, the mofl Wtftern Town ot all the Province, coainioniv r illed Cctu lituatL' in tic Latitude
of 1 1 Degrees : built on the Sea, where it tath an Haven on each fide v the one c. (\icious , but not fa e ;
the other fate enough, but n»>i very ijpncious. Ijut btinj built ma.weet and hial'liy aire, ai;d ncgh-
bouted by the richefl loyl o» all the i ountrey , it hath been long ttie ordinary (eat ol the G'ot/(r/io«r,and
theSeeofa^/^op (Suffragan to the Arth-biftiop of /)(-w»«^o in H/V/<»w'o/«j) Once luddenly furpriied
by the£»r/«yi, An.is95 and burn' to alhes, but as luddcniy repaired again. 3, Car^vallcdit,oi Nut-
ftra Semora de Caravalada,io 1 ai'.ues from Coro towards the Kafl, featedopon tfie Sia near an unlafe
Haven, and defended from aflsuUhy the Caftle 01 CrfMrAf , fo called from the name ol tie Tribt in
which It ftandeth. Near uoto which the Hills at ife to fo great an heiglit , thatthcy leemtoeij'i.l the
TiV of Trwtfnjff fo much talked of. ^.S.f ago dt Leon , in the fame tribe of the t.«r«-.i) , took by the
Euglift} the lame year. 5 . Nova VJtntia , 25 leagues from S. Jagn de /,««, and from Coro 60. 6. New
AV«, lately built, fifteen leagues on the South of iVfM»/Wf»rM 7. Niiu4 Segovid, one leigiie ondy
from ^New Xeres ; fituate on the bank> ol Bdr.njnicemiti, the moft noted River of tins trad. 8. Titcujo,
in the Valley fo called ; not very iarf.f.butpletitilully loaded with rich Siigtir-Cttitcs , f<ir whiih lome
Siig*r--w(.>k^, or Jitgoiios ii-e here lately built. gTruxilh , or NiieftntSetinorade laPai. , 1 1;' aen
leagues on the South of the great I.a.ite of .A/<«r<<f4;^o, on which the Inhabitants hereof tuv.' a Vil-
lage which belongs unto it, where ihey hold a fdflorw for the fale of their wares, io lagHtta.on
the bottom of the Z.^i^*' it felf , not elfe oblervable but for the multitude of rr^m whiih uo haunt

ThisCounrrydiftovtredbyCo/Kw^***, and named by /^//««/o/^fOrf</<«, as before is fiid . was tirfl
pretended to ;.>r Neii;hbourhood«-lake , by the SpAmards planted in Cuharna. Attcrwaids fohn de
vf«w?..by order from the Council refident at Z>o»»«»(^5 in W/Z/'rfff/o/.i, was f mploved m the Dicovery
oii:,Amo 15'- ButC/w/fjihetift having taken.upgfenr I nnn of money ct ihe rf/,if( a wealthy la--
roily'oi AuiH'iiri p.iwncd this Countrey to them ; by whom Ambroiiiu Alfiri^^cr was fent wiili 400 foot
ind Ko^horie to take pofl'elUon. lUit he and his Succeflbrs in that impUiywent, not mindmi^ lo muc!) the

i I'

Con

ijutlf as the fpoyl ol the Countrey ; theCouncil oi Doo/.nt. uridet -ooi* tlic buiuienc once a^ani; and

1090

PARI A.

Cu B AG N A.

'■I ,

fir i <

H I.

in the year 1 54J. fent over one fohtt de C4rttvaj*l . who trending in the ft<?p« of the Germans , or rather
outgoing them in all forti of Rapine, wa§ outcd on a fecond order by one John Pcra, de ro/ofa,h)' whom
the I'rovince wa» reduced into fome good order. In the year 1550. the Negroes , brought hither in great
multitudes out oiAfrick_, began to mutiny ; but their Defign difcovered, and themfelve* all ll.iin. I'cate
and contentment followmg after all thefe trouble* , the Countrey wai in little timefo fhorowly plantid,
and theNative* fo incouraged in their feveral Tribes , that notwithft-inding the de ftnictions made by the
Cermsns and Sfanisrds, here were reck«aed not long fince above loeooo of the ^aiv.i^cs.no: niimbrine
thofc above fifty or under eighteen yean ofyfjr jwhobyanOrderofthe Couiicellot.^yi.i/wfortiitfe
parts of yiwrw4, are exempt term TiiArM. ; .

3. M ARG A RITA is an Hand fituate overagainft the i'4/«»»<i or Salt- Lake in rrtw.««4 ; from
the Mam land whereof it is diftant about feven LcaguL-s. So called from the abundancj ot Pmrls which
it\s Sfttniards found at the firft Difcovery , which the 'Lati»ifiicM Margnrit.H , and from -hem the Spa-
niards. Which though it fignifie no other than the Vulgar or common Pcirl, yet here wi-reaifo (tore
of thofe of the greater eftimatc , fuch as the Romans by the figure of Antiphrafis called Vnioms , bec.iufe
they always grew in couples. NHllidao rtptrinntHr indijcreti , faith Piinie > mdr nomen WmonwvA fcilUet
Romanx impofnire citlicU.

The Ille affirmed to be 16 Leagues in length , and fix in breadth ; fuuitc under ''" 11. Degree of
Northern Latitude. Well ftored with Pearls upon the Shores, when tiift dikovered ; bur even then
when moft plentifully ftored with that Commodity ,ftie had not water of l,er own to q icnch her thitif,
compelled to fetch it from Cnmana. Otherwife plentifuil enoui^h both ot MMi.e, and Fruts, T he l^cople
obfequiouily fervile to their Lords , the Spaniards ; fo long atcollomed unto bondage , that it is now
grown another nature. PLices of mo(i importance m It , i Atonpater , in the K»ft corner of the Hind , a
Fort of the Spaniards, built for fecuring their rich Trade oi Pearl ftjhing, and to defend their (hips whiili
lie there at Anchor -. within the command whereof is a lif.le Burrough , aid thehoufe ofthe Gqvcrnour.
2 Elvalle de Santa Ltttia, two Le.iguei from the Sea, a Sfanijh Colony. 3 Mak^nao, the thief Village of
the Natives.

This Hand firft difcovered in the third Voyage ofCo/Mm^ttf , Anno 1498. grew fuddenly into great
cfteem , by reafon of the rich Pearl jifhing , which they found on the (hores thereof. And in regara the
Nativis were fo ready to betriy their Ireafurcs f of which thcrafelvcs made little reckoning ^ they
found more favour from the .f^^MiVtr.:// , and obtained more libcrtiesfromtheKing.than thereif oftht
Salvages. Inlomuch that theiMMMr^j/ either could not or would not compel! them to dive into the Sea
for Pearli but bough- Negrottitvti from C*»»f 4 .and the Coafts of y#/>»Vi(^, whom they in forced with
great 1 orments to dive unto the bot»ora of the Sea , many times feven or eight lachom deep , to bring
op the Jhels, in which that I reafure was included : where many of them wei e drowned, and fome mainKd
with Sharks,and other l-idiesPBot that rich Trade is much diminifhed of late, if it fail not quite. Tht caufc
thereot to be imputed to the unfaiiable avarice of the Spaniards , fo greedy upon Pearl , that they de-
ftroyed the very Seed, and m iking gain of whatfoever they could meet with, (or a little prefent profit lod
the hopes ofthe future. The Hand fince lefs famous , and not much ti equenied. Vilired to i(s cofl- in the
year 1 601 . by the Englijk under Captain Parkfr , who received here 500. 1, in Pearls f .)t the ranfom ot"
Prifoners ; and took a ship which came from the Coatl of Angola, laden with 3 70 Negroes, to be fold for
Slaves.

4. CVBAGNA is an Hand lying hetmj.' Margarita and the Promontoryof/^nyrd upon the
Continent, from the firO diffant but one League , Uoni the other fix ; it lllf in compals about three.
Richon the (hores, by the abundance of Pr^r/zwhith were ioiiiid about them , but very beggcrly on the
Land. Deftitute both ofgrafs and water , by conlequence ot'CMttil alio, except only Conies, and but few
of thofe. So that like many a Gallant who fpend all upon the A.<nt ,and nothing on the ^r///, (he had her
out fide laced with Pearls , but within nothing to be found hut want and hunuer. Their bread .ind water
brought them out of other Countries ; and their Fruits too , if they defired to have any » here being very
few Trees , and thofe moft of Guyajacan But fo abundaiit in this I reafure , th.it the Kings l^ifclis for
many years amounted to 15000 Ducats yearly out of this poor Hand.

In this refpeft it w.is prelently refoited to, and polTcired bv the Spaniards, who planted here a C olony
which they called New Cadit. .• and grew :n fliort time unto fo great power, that they made thinilelvt s
Mailers ofthe Port of Maracapana VeneijUela , one ot the belt upon thole Seas. l>ut in the year 1 5 z i .
hearing that the Salvages oiCnmana had dertroyed the Convent ot Fram i^cans on the oppolitc shore,
they cowardly forfook the Hand , and fled to Hifpaniola. Sent back again by rhe Conncel there, under the
conduft of fames de Caftellon , by whom the Town was m.ide more b.'autifull and (troig than ever
formerly, in great efteemas long as the PMr/ji/S<«^ did continue j now .with that decayed. Yetllill
the Hand doth deferve fome confideration, for a loun.ain m thw* Eall part ot it neer unto the Sea : con-
tinuiiig, though the Pearls be gone; which vieldeth a fifrttwi/wwxlublfancelike oyl , Aiidicinable iov
dilcalcs , and is found two or three Leagues o(f , floating un the ica : more profitable tor the good of
Mankinde,and more ealilv found,than thePearlswluih lunk unto the bottom.and maintained our pnde.

lour miles from hence ?DUt appendant to it, lieth a little lland called Ccr/v , three miles in compafs,
but fo abund.intly ftored with Pearls ,that it hath been worth in that ope commodity tor lome moncths
tOj;ether, above a thoutand pounds a moneth of our Engtijh money. I'lrft peopled , upo 1 that occafion.
An. 1 529. but tlij occation failing, the Pl.tntatitn ended, "the I'L' bjing now unpeopled, as not i^jorih the
looking .ifcer.

S THE

•*Mit;miilf<i:

PARIA.

1091

J. 7 H ft LESSER ISLANDS if this prxft/lure or Pi«v new/ Government , lie all along
ui^on tlic Coalt of l^tntzutU thorn Eall to Well ; the principal ot v, hich i Itrnulj, 1 a or 14 m Ics on
the Wert of Mi"g«ri«<» ; Hour miles in Icnt^ih; hardly one in bredth; but yielding (iich gooditorcof
S;ilt, tfjat three or four ftiips arc laded with it every yecr. Well himilhed wah Coats and GituyacaH ;
tiut not elfc coniiderablr ; except tor being naturally fenced about with [locks,and yielding a conve-
nient Harbour for the ufe of Mirincn. a Cou/i/u, by the tuq/'j^ called the M\co\?»ovid>>ict , as
the former is by the name of Affuciation ; both which hteing void of all inhabitants and tame beafis,
were poiielfcd by them alKHit the yecr i6i$>. at fuch time as there was often war between kngUnd
AndSpjin ; After >\hich, not being claimed by the Spaniards in making up the peace enfuing, ihcy
were granted by King Chut In by his Letters Patents under the great Seal of England^ to cert in No-
ble men and Gentlemen, and their Succeilors, who for the fpace of loyeers, or there abouts, have
enjoyt d them q lietly ; the ll.inds being planted by them with their feveral Colonies, and all things
iiceeflirv t'> maintain and enrich the fame, j 6!)m«/»(, oppolite to the Bay of Ge//'. itijit. In the Lati-
tude of : -v:.! /c Dcrgrees i wcl-furnilhed with Sheep and Goats, and other Cattel brought out of .*>>.///»,
and peopled with lom.- Stvagts out of H'jp moU, wh< m the Spaniards Lhrif ned and fcnt thither :
f "IK- Spaniards with their Govcrnour intermixt amonglUhcm. The Hand miles -ncompafs; not
fruitful n uiirally but in tre< s,which arc ureat and numerous. 4 Cumcto,, nine miles on the Well of
Bj"-"f;andasmany incompafs. Of a more fertile foile by far,andof very rich Pallures : the People
pivcn to i'rjzing,and make tt od (fore ofCheele,tranfi o ted thence to other \ laces, the Hand having
t<>.va d thu Norih,a con^'enient Harbour, s ■iruL>u.on the Norih-eallof Curtcaos, from vMkh nine
miles dif>.iit: incompafs not above livemiles, for the mi 'ft part levclCVt hill it hath (amoRgft fi>nie
otheis) falhioncJ like a "«.; rloaf. Inhabited by few S^v^gtitind icv/er Spaniti di.

i he ether Hands on this Cojrt,a$ the To/f<g(»,lying Eaft ward of 1 Murgaritay 2 BUhcm, j Orcbiflgy
4 Kocc.<,and 5 the Ifle dis Avti, or of Birds, interpofcd betwixt Toriuga and Bonaire ; fome of : hem
rather Rocks then 11 > nds : few ftored with any living creatures for the ulc of men i and none of thrra
at all with men to tnanure and drefs them,l pafs over here : and fo proceed from thefc Hands of the
Province of Fiir^o^to thofe w hich are fubordinate to the Councel of S. Vomingt^ and make a Province
of themfclvet. But lirft we mull go back,and bring up foinc of the Hands of Mare dtl Z»f , which could
not be reduced to any of the former Provincss.

^Mdfom;ubofeERVAiiA»

'■ .. '

Ggggg

Iv'v

; ! ; .

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•"

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:• i >l.i - .'

. , < '.

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1 - -t

..n.M ..

;■'■.' ; I

'^4

■'f-tlk

1092

O F

THE AMERICAN ILANDS:

And firfl: of thofe which are in
MARE DEL ZVR,

}Hj AUV.UlCAN ILANVHy fcauered up and down the (Jiorcs of this Ntv
frorW, are coinmcniy divided into thok at MjretitlZur, or the Pacifiqut Ocan -,
and tlioli oftlK- AiUtitick,, or M»te Jcltioort. Tiie firlt Co called by Man^tl/auui the
lirllDlfcovear : who palling thorow thofc troublefbnie and tempelliioiis Strcin
which now bear this name, found fiich a change upon his comming into the Main

.-_ ti,jt l,t ^ave it the name of Mare dtlZur (quod .) tranqmllitatt voctvit Mart dtlSur*

faith the Author ot the Atljs Mim ) from the calm and peaceable temper o\ It. By the Latines
called hUu facifiaiM, in the fimc rc'ganl. C.ilied al(o the Soutbtrn Ocean, bccaufe of its lituation
qn ihcSoiithilJcof /l'K«r/iw, in reference to fome part of the CJf of Mexico , and the Strehs ol
Auia}i. Not known unto the Sfijiimrdt till dKcovercd by Noiwius I'.jijua tie halhoa., conduced hi-
tlkr by one ok th^ Caciqua or pc-ty Kings of the Goiintrcv about Nombn di T>iot ; VVho fceinc the
Spaniards To ^^r.cily after Gold, told them that he would brini', them to a place where their thlrll
(liould be'r»tisH.ed. Accurdini-.ly he broupht them tothcoppoiitcfhore , this halUu being the chiefc
manituhat Adventure: who difcovcring further on the Sea, opened the way unto Fi'4.artot and the
reft that followed to the colden nejjurts of Peru : Executed notvvith(lanilin« this good fervlce by
Vm fedio tie /iviUimthm (liort time after. But the more full difcovery of it Is to be afcribed unto
til^^tlluKUi and fome liter Adventurers, though the Spaniards got nothinj^ by the bargain. For for-
merly^ as long as tke r>eutbern fea was unknown to any but themfelvesjthey conveyed their Gold anj
tre^fures frqm one plarc to another, from P<»«««« to prrx , from Pfru to F<"'<(wa, without loire or
charg'e,and thought their Ports up6n diat fliorc to be unacceilible. But after the way unto this fea was
found out byAUgeUHiti ; Vrakef^vendifiy^mA the relf of our Eilglilh Adteniurerl did fo'fconrc thefe
Coaftsjthat they left i>iehi ncitherPdr't nor fhip,which they did not ranfack; as hath been evidenced
before in fome particulars.

As for the Hands of this Sea,they lie moll of them fo necr the fliores, as i f placed there by Nature to
ferve as Oaf >ior/(j to defend the CoMt/«f«f.!VIany in tale, but fcwofconfideration; and of thofc few
fome of die chlete have been defcrihed already in their proper places , as parts and members of the
Province upon which they lie. The refidue which lie too far off to come under fuch confideration
niuit be memioncd lure ; and thofe reduced to thefe two heads, 1 l.oi Ladroneit & a the Hands of
Johnf'trnjr.des.

I. LOf LADKOt<iES are cei tain Hands lituate betwixt the main Land of y^wric* and the
Thtlifpine Hands, in the Longitude of 185. and the 4 Degree of Northern Latitude. So called by
M-igiOtnui who tirif difcovered thtm,bccaufe of the thitvijhueji of the Inhabitants(//;/«/<L<ifr(«», ig
llTelrTnfiTe-1ITt:aTfne)who had-fWnhis tof<-i()«f,v»hich he wag forced by main-fbrecto recover from
them. And they continue iVill both their name and nature Found fuch by Cavendifl) & lioort in their
fevcrall voyagcs,to whom they cjme imder colour of buying /rc« fa commodity which they highly
prize) but either clofely or openly Healing whatfocver they met with. The people tall of^llatur/
brov n ofcomplexii n,and inclining tocorpuUncy ;extreamly aftivc,and good Divers, continuing a
long time under the water, as if alike fitted to boti> Elements;in fo much as the Hdanden then with
Woc/rr, to niakcti i.ill of i^ calf five pieces oihon into the ki, all fetched out by one of them. The
U'cwtn as goo'l at it .is the men. Both fexes gixci>,<a^l(h) and promifcucnis lulls ; for which branded
(many ofdiem_) with the marks of their inc6nt?iiehfy, the F«* having eaten up both their Lips and
their Nofes.

T heir Religion is worlliipping the Vml, whofc Fmaecs they have in wood on the head of their
i^oats ; the Chappel and the Saints tit for fiich devotions. But for the nature of thefe Hlands,and what
fiibjcftionthe Inb.ibitants of it yielil to the King o^Sfain,l am yet to feek.But like enough thcv ■ ield
■Snntlelffbmr mhrrs do,whiclvyet arc reckoned by our Authors to be parti-of 7*wrr;r«. ' ''

a. The Hands of John Fnnaudei^ are two in number : (o called from 'Ji.h» Ftrttar.det the firfl Dif-
coverer,/f« 1 S74.cach ofthem five or fix miles in compafs,and about jco miles diffant from the (horcs
oiChle. Situate in the 3? Degree of S'wihrw Latitude ; lockyand barren, but well woodded and
thofe woods replenillied with Goats , but their ficlli not fb favory as in other places. Some flore of
Sauden there is in them,and of Palms no fcarcity. Plenty of Fill) upon the Ihores, for which caufc
vifited fometimes by the Spaniards lying in Frrii; and fitted with commodious Harbours and Roads
for (hipping, which makes them not neglefted by other Nations as they pafs this way. None elfe of
note in all this Sea, but ftich as lie upon the Ihores of their feverall Provinces ; which we have looked
upon already. And therefor, palling thorow the Strtits-, and conuning up unto the Hands of tana
where before we left; we wHl now look on thofe of M^re/fr/Nbiirt, or that part of theAtlantici
which walheth the fhorcs of this Ntw wtrU ( the re^en of vhich names ■me have feen before ) fob-

ordinate

'Op^.

Cmiiieti \ AMERICAN IL'ANDS.

«>rd1nat(MOtheCoimfelI or Government orS.D;w»ij5o,vli5. t the Carihes,%Pom Rico, x Hilpannla
^Ciiiitj and 5 jMrnaca. The reft already fpokcn of iri rticli- proper places. *

'T'ric CAKIBESCT Ctnthal Ilattdi arc in inimbcr many; z'y of them known by ilielr proper
■^ hiwncsi the rel>,of lelfe note (though Tome ot thefe oJ little cnoiij^i) not yet fo tliftingiiifhed.Called
thii^ In general,becaufc inhabited hyLamibali aij«l Man-eating people (at their H rliDircovery)ai the
word Caribti doth import.They liccxtentlcd like a I'owfrom the coaltof P4r»*imtothe llieofferf*
tiico : of dilFcrcnt tcmpcr.as mull needs be in fiich variety j and thertJore not within the conipafs of a
genei;aU Charaatr. Some of the priiitipal we fliall coiilidcr more dilHnftlyj and for the roll it will
be tiouble enough to name thcm,or cl(e paffc them by. ,

\.G11AN ADAthe neerell ot this crew to the Main-land oiCumtmr, is litnatc in the Latitude of
20 det'reesand 15 Miniiiis iin form like aCr//c«t or half Moon, the'twoiiornsnotamileafunder,
the whole leiipih but lix.Shadtd .*!! over with thick VVooJs,biit notvvithihndinp of arich andfriiit-
fiiil foi I. A Haven in it ot ^ood iife, but no Town of note. 1 he people of the fame ill condition with
tlie other .S''iv<»i{f>,biit more wit to hide it ; mull mifcliievoiilly inientlcil when they Item molt kind •
.Hid then the more to be avoydcd.

1 . S. /•' I NC E Arr 1 8 mile? t n the North of 6ra»a4.i, is of fo blefleil a foil, that it brings forth
ab.iii hnC2 of <ii''av-C.:MH wiihoiit cli.irge to the Hnskindrnan, Watered with rajiiy pleaftnt Rivers
aiidfi.llof (iii-niii convciiiciii />/»5(J for the ufc ot Mftrrines. Iii iiptiri'C/rf w/rfr, the P/«w< », r beine
lix m:l« (v.'cr ; the Cinle by oiircqii'ence eighteen . The j'eopie bur of mean (tatiire, (Inthfull, and
Ihiiilntis only for their Belly: tlicir love to which makes tliem 10 advi^ntiii'ein thcirfmall Ibats.hewn
out of th<! bodv ot a Tree, to j'sCs into the Comimiit^ aiul return again, without help of ilie Compafs ;
though diltant from ic at the neerclt,aboVc 30 miles. i ^' •■

■^.h A KhAD S no tlie Norih-caft of S.l'<«tf«fj in theL«i<»Wf of xj Degrces,and 30 Minutes,
f )t ai» Uvul form, 1 7 or i a niiles in compafs. The foil in flicw like tlwt (jb£««/a«rf,biit t?r more fruit-
ful : on thetaliiul' ibruliinnout it fclf with Poitysaiid Angles, vrJMi;l)(yhld(onic^«;H, but full of
f^iak^itndi , and unfafe tor Itiippiiigi on the South furwtljgd with a iu^aml commodious Harbour.
Not very well provided of fcr fruits or Cattel , till maiL;^^CJolony of ^hc Englifh •-, who have brought
thither from their, own Countrey, Svyme and Kinc } Ortngtt, aadtlje like from others. The chief
Commotlity made hitherto of this Plantation, comcsby the plaiHiufpfj^iaaoj and by a kind of
courte^ugar calleil BatUdoti S'lf^^riwhich mtift Ix; qijickly fpent,or ivill melt to tjo^hing.Were they
in ftockjtmd not tbrccti to make a uuick return of thejr Commoditits,they might make here as good
Sugars as in othei jilaccs. Yet this Plantation faid to be worth all .'.he reft which are made by the
E»s!jip> '■> wlioCas 1 take n) arc the fole Colony in it. The Hand bit at the courtclie of the Spaniard;
without whofe le.wc aiul liking not of force to hold it.

^.M AllNI NO on the North-weft of the Bwri(j</a< , by the Salvages called AW<wi««««, with
little difference. Every wliere (welled with Hi!s,of which three moft eminent for height : one of them,
which way foever a manlookstiponit, carrying thereftmblanccof an Hat. Inhabitedin the time of
Pcttr Martyr the Hirtorian,with none but Womm : aftcrw ard«,v\ iih a more fjerce and barbarous peo-
ple dien the relt of theft Hands : but neither Men or Women to be (ect ot late : whether deftroycd,or
remoycd further from the (liores for fear of their dcflmftion, is a thing uncenaiB.

J. D0MIN/C.<^, (eated on the North of W<i»/«i»;«, twelve League 1 in length; exceeding fruit •
fiillof'Zoi><«ti;», which they fell unto the iiHf of «:a«s fur Hatchets , Knives, andotker Inltruments of
fiTOi. Famed for two fountains of Hoi-w.if<r, and a commoliousH3v.'n at the Weft fide oi it, into
which fallcth a Ptiver 20 paces broad. The people as barbarous as i ver Cannibali or Man-tatcrs to
this very day : At deadly enmity with the Spa»iatdi,and to no man tn ifty,but where they cannot hurt
or dare not. Both fexes weare their hair long, and colour their bodie over with Oakfr. Yet bloody
and barbarous though they be,ihey are ruled by a King of their own,iliilinguillied from the refl in his
drelfcorhabit,whom they moft readily obey.

g. VESSEAV A, or the land ofVefire, on the North^eaft of Vtmirtica, Difcovcred by Coluthbue
in his fecond Voyage ■■, naked of Trees,and at the tirft light afar off, 1 ot unlike a (JaZ/eji. Ot great ufe
to the Spaniards iwho alwaies take it in their way horn the Caititncs to the parts of Amtrisa,^i\d back
agaili at their return.

The like iife doe they make of 7. The Ille oi GVADALVtE, paralltl to this,but direftly Weft-
wanl ; at which the Fleets which come from Spain iife to take frel ii water , and there difperfe thcm-
felves to their ft verall Ports- Eight mile!; in lengdi, and of good /mchoragc in moft parts of the Sea
adjoyning. North-caft from hence 1 tcth

8. S. M<ir»« del Antigna, commonly called AH'tlG NA onely, and by (bme miftakingly
ANtEGO. Seven Leagues in length, and as much in breadth ; difticult of accef1e,and deftitutc cm
frefti water,but well replenifhed of wooils,and provided of FetiS. Ot late times made a Colonic of the
EndiMho do ftill poffefle it.

Hgggg 2 9-S.CHRl-

1097

: I

;i!

iii.,

1094

Pit '

AMERICA ILANDS. PomRka.

9.S.CHKlSqOpH^ii%on th< Noith-wett of G^dtliifi m the Uttiuit of 17 I^cftfccs and
ao Minuits. The length lix inilcs,ihe bredth in many placet bur,and in (unie but two: nmich fweiled
with hih,.md towardi the E ill ju ovidcd of fcvcral Suit vichn. The Frimcb and EiigUll} had (bmetimea
ill it fevcral Colonics : by whom the Wjiimj were deftroyed,or othcrwife compelled to fnrf^ke their
dwcIlingi;convift,its was prctendcd,ot°(bnie niaiiifcA treacheries. But the two Colonies did not lone
enjoy the fule po&ffipn leje^ed by i'rtdcnch^ dt '£«ltdcya he palFed chib way with his Navytthou^ fuN
iercd to return to their former dwellinKS,a3 rather proHtable then dangerotistotheCrownof f^wir.
Their chief employment and c.ommoditie lies in their "tobtaot by fome much comiitindcd. Joyning
hereto, or but a Lcagii; (roin it at the moii, is

101 The file okUlfA'E S, affirmed to be Hve leagiics in compafs ; well wooded,and as pleafantly
watered; infonuich as the inhabitants of the llleof P9mmic«ufedcocome hithtrfor their pleafiire*,
bm tor hunting chiedy. Now tamed ior fome B«ikt or Hot-rfMtn , found out by the Euitlijh, who in
the year 1 5 iS. (>laced a Colonic in it. But whether fubliUing of it felfjOr a part ot their Plantation in
S. CbnJUiihtfs, I aiu yet to learn.

n. SANCtA CRT'.Y, by the Inhabitants called Ayrj., on the Noith-wrH' of S. Ckriftofhtrt^
ainhheSotiih caliof Fwfo iwf, from which laft cii^ant 15 leacucs. Woody and mountainous ; not
W( II proviil d of trelh waters ; but on the Wcli-lide furnilhcd with a (ate and commodioui Road,under
I \u covert of the. mountains. Aniongft their fruits fome that rcftmble a j^rttn Apple ; which tafteil, Co
inflames lUe toiiguc,thai for 14 hours it (wellcth in (b great extremity, as nulies it altoucthcr ufelc.j,
but after that by litilc and little it abates again. The like hapncthal (bio the face, if walhed before
(un-riiin}* with their Fen-u-iu/ri,vihich arc very frequent in this lland;afrer the riling of the fiin,with-
oiit .iny harm at all. In thiuherc is a Colonic of the Englijl' alfo.but ot later fianding then tliofe of
S. Chrijiefbtff a«d harhadou

.^onie of the principal of the reft, i AagMiOa, 3 Barbada, j S.Barihtlmtwsj ^S.Luci*t, %S. Mar-
tini, 6 Montferra\,-j KotuH <«,8 Sab^, g l^«r*a Gordu, & i» Sunibrt ro ; of which we have little but the
names : the i elf,thbii»h knoi(vn by ftvcral nlnf)es,are not worth thr naming. Onely we are to add con-
cerning the \Vhol£ Nation pfCari^/, once here inhabiting, that they did iifually hunt for Men, as
Men for Bealls^ roving a? Br ki J^crtt Rico to feck after their prey ; ami what they caught, was fiire to
!!,o to t^f >«r, in the worfVfenfetoo. C4/i|M(w,t<rhdn he was at the Iflc of GusdJupe, 'aund 30 Captive
ChildrM which were refervetf t() bddRen-,atid in their houfcit divers veflels filled with MMnfitjh^ and
fome upon the gH ready to bt^ rdafted: Nor had the^ laid afide this diet, till after the year 15^4. bue
how fongl knovirnot : FomtthattWne, a Sf^nlfi fhip coming to water at the Kle oCDtmmcti, thcv
Cut her Cables in the night, haled her to the fan^ and devoured all that were in her. But the IlwitM
have been of late times well cleeretlof thoft MortfWrs ; fbmc of them brought unto better ardor, bui
the moft deftroycd as the common bnemies ofjtiankihd ? the Hands where they dwelt being either to-
tally deferred, or taken up by ihi f-urofxam a»id their fevcral Colonies.

2 PORTO RICO. And i-MONlCO.

PORTO RICO lyeth on the North-well of.Sawffd Crw*, from which diftant about 15 Leagues,
and near upon as many from Hi^MttU, 1 36 Leagues from the main Lind o(pjrm, am* ot much
Icfs from the Cape o(Ceqwbocc9 in K>» di la Hack* , a Province ofCaJitlia Aurea, It took name
from the chief 1 own and Haven of it ; Ixit was called by Ce/untbiu at the fkA dilcovcry S. j m»ii
Injuitty or the llle of S. J'btis \ by the Natives Boriguett.

It isiituate under the 18 and 19 Degrees of Northern Latitude; in form quadraKgul*r,\Mt of a greater
length then breathjrucbas the Gconntricians call obbnp,utit: The length thereof baing jo Leagues, and
the breadth but 20. The Avr hereof very pleafant and temperate, not fcorchcd with furiou* hcao in
Summer, nor made oflfcniive by the fall of continual rains ; cxpofcd fometimes (chiedyin Auguft, and
.sVptfwirr)tothetroublefbmnefiof fuddcn tempcfts, called W^nci/woj.The foyi indintrentlyliruit&l,
though (bmewhat Mountainous •.here being ("belidcs other Hils of infcriour notc^a ridge of high Hib
wMch run crols the Country from the one end unto the other. Their chief comnioditiei Sui,ar caiuty
Gittger,Cellfa,irtd great (fore of Hides : the Eurtpjean Catde having fo abundantly increa(ed,that they
kill thoufands for their skins, leaving the ilcfh to be a prey unto Dogs and Birds. Soitw Miuet here
were of Gold and iilver, but confumed long lince. And fo arc ail the Nativti alfb ; ot \. horn, in that
refjpeA, impertinent to give any CharaAer.

Chief Rivers of the Illand, i Cairobeu, » Boj/aman : of divers founuiiis, andof fcvcrall anddi*
vidtd courfes. j Lu^la, & 4 Te*) two Rivers growing out of one. The Spring of that one in the
Mountains ot CHojr^ini'-, whence running Northwards in one Channel 16 Leagues together, dothaf'
terwards divide it felf into thofe two ftrcams-s Guiano. 6 Are-ziho. 7 Guadiabt ; of lefler note ; but all
of them, as well as all the reft before, conchiding in fome fafe and capaciotis Hinn.

Places of moft importance in it, 1 Porto K/kro the chief town,built in a little Hand) on the Nordi fide
of the grcatcr,but joyned unto it with huge piles,and vaft expencc8,by the commandof Pii//^ the fir^
An. 1514. Well built,with large (h-ctts, and convenient houfe8,according to the model of the Cities
oiipaiu i and beautiBcd with a hit Cathedral ; theBiibop one of the Si^ragam.ofthc Acchbiiliopof
SJhnmno in f2i^«MM/tf .The town unw J]cd> but fortified whh two ftrong CaftlcK the one of which
(ecures the Haven,and the other the Town. In vain attemptcd,and with the lofs of 140 or 5oineiy^

•^-r • i-\ ^

:o(

Hifiam ola. A M E R. I C A N I SLAND S. 1095

Sir *>*«<« Drmkf, An. i^9^bM ukm oho ytxn»ku by Gt*rgi Eirl oiCumitrUn^, whohadapur-

Eufc CO have peopled it with an Eu^lijjh Coloaie. Difcouraged from ic by the death of 400 of his inen
y change of Ayr, and fonie incemperaiuc at Dirt ; he fct <ayl lor UHgidnd^ doing no other hurt to
ibe Town or Hand, but the ditturnllhlng it oi 70 piece ol Ordnance, and (onic part of their trcafurc,
which Iw brought liome with him. 9 SCnmtni^ in the Wclicrn part oi die Hand, btit ioiir Lca^uci
from the Sea \ once the chief ofthe llAnd,now btoth un(onitied,and fmall. 3 Ausukt^ on the River fo
caliid. ^/'Ki^Vhc Hiolk noted Portof the Kafternpang.litiuteonthe mouthofthe Kivcrfo named.

Ballward hcreol Ixtwixt it and HiJfiHitJa, lici tlic lland ofMona^ (might not this think we be fo
called by Mottoc Mp 0»tHOwni*dihMvihom bcforcO three leagues in compaffci roclvy and of a brac-
kilh earth » but lit for the prodiiftion ol Limons, Orcngcs, and fiich kind of fruit, which are here in
plenty. Not far off,but more toward* the Weli,Ai./«»co,or Monttia , as our Ennlijh callit, where tikv
found fuch iminitc (lore of t owl,thdt they Hew ov«r tlitir heads as thick as bail, 8c made them -imoft
deaf wi(h ii)e very noifcuhtir Egvs fo thick upon tlie ground, that they loaded two boats with them
in three hixirs.aod could hardly pal fc forwards without treading on them.

Biicto rc»urn i.tfoito iwi <),or ilie lllc of 'St-JubntM via firlf touched upon by Columbm in his fecond
vciyage,//>«- 149? -hut *i''^ inhabited by JJfi fan^;* QfLian^Au.x 5 10. who bemg courteoully entertained
by /f«^«4/'<i""i,the chief Prince thcrof,pJdnted a Colonic of SfaniMtdi in the North part of the Illand,
wldch he called C*f»n». The Colon> len yccrs after that removed to Guanu <t, and from thence to
S.CicrrH JMi : curying with it the repute of tlie chief town of all the Hand, upon every icmove.tlll the
biiildint', oiy^rto fv<c«,whertit lince hath rixed. The Hand very populous torihebigML-fsoiit, when
the Spamani* t-ame to it : but the Natives long ago confumed by feveral B«itt*r/f .; and as fome write,
not above 1^00 '>jn,u*riii in all the Country. \Vh.iteIfc concerns the llorle of itjWe have feen before.

HlSfANlULA.

H\S? ANIOL\ lyeth on the Well of foi to h m ; the dittancc we have fcen already. By die
Inhabitants called rjrfiJw, and by fome ;^«'/ijH«/a i but by CVww/iw it waslionoured withthe
name ut Hijp-iiiiol-iiOV liuU Spain } and ot late times Ixginneth to be called S. Ditimngo,irom the chief
Town ot it.

The form tliereof 7"'/ Jf((«>J»'» extended in a Iharp /<«g/^, ciUcdCaln dilEiKCumct towards Porftf
Rico : the Weltern end falliioned like a large Bay>or Stmicirclt -, the Northern point of which is named
S. HtcbiilM ; the Sotithcrn, Calio dt Vom* lAtu». The length aHirmed to bci 50 Leagues, the breadth
in foniA places 60. in fbine but |o. thence growing lefs and Icfs till it come unto the Kaliem Angle ;
the whole compafs clUnuted at 400.Situate betwixt the 1 8 and »o Degrees of Northern Lattiudt.Of
an Air much intefted witfi Morning-heatSi but cooler in the Afternoon by the conltant blowing of a
Sca-galc> which they there call K/ra/wi.

The Cotmtry for the moll part beautiful and tlourilliini; » the Trees alwivs In their SMtumtr-livtty^
.,- 1 the Meadows grecn,as if it did enjoy a perpetual Spring.hi many places fwelled with high craggic
MiK'iitain»,wlieiKe the name ofHtytjy that word Co lignify ing In tlic natural language of the Nativet.
Ot fuch an cxcelkut hcrba|ie, that the Cattel brought hither out of Spam have increafcd almoll be-
yond Ariihmtiick ■ grown wilde tor wantot/im/xrC'irMfrst and hunted unto death like the Stags ol
the forrelf, diotigh uiicly tf» rob them ol their skins. The foil fo fertile, that in the fpacc of lixteen
dayes Herl)s and Roots will >:r(iw ripe, and be lit to be eatcti- So plentifully Aored with Gingir, and
S«g«r-( (wrr i, that in r he veai ' ^ ^7.there were (liipped hence 17 500. p«imd weight of Ginger,and 900.
Ch'iiU ot refined Su^ar 4 an lent areuiaor .ftherichesandlcrtility of it. A further proof hereof
be, the rich Mmtt ofGoi. in which they ufed to lind Gold without mixture ofdrofs or other

lu.r

metals. « The great increafe of SiitMr,oncCane liere tilling twenty,fonKtinies thirty mcafurcs. 3 The
wonderful yield of Cnm,amountiiig in fume places to an hundred fuld. But the Miiies were long ago
cxhiuftcdjinfoniuch as the Inhabitants arc lain to ole brafs- money : but inltcad of thofe of Gold,they
have found out others of Br ifs and Iron, and fome £:\v of Silver ; but not much fearchcd into ot late
for want of Workmen.

The realon of that warn ro be alcribed unto theCovetoufiief' and Crueltic of the Sfaniflf Nation:
whotxicof an unfatiable thirtf forGoldjConfumed the people hi their Minn; and out of the like thiril
for Blood, killed fo many of rhem, that in few years they w^Jliroyed three MiOieHs ol the Natives.
And it is probably fuppofed, tha' had nor Ci^or/i thc5.rcftraiiKdthem by a Pr«(t/ E<tf/d7 from com-
yieliing the Njfives againff their wils to thote works of (ervitude.therc hac^ not been one Nativt left in
all this lfland,nor in any other pan of thdcPUHtai ion i. Suchasarc left,arefaidtobeoflowffacure,
of black hair.and a complexion fbniewhat inclining to that colour : not differing in manners, habit,
or Religion from the SfMniardt there.

River' u. "ir. .^note, i O««w«,on«/ho(e Banks Aands T>»mmi,t, the chief Town of the Illand,capa<
ble of th grcati'i < hips to the very Wharf, i Nifjum, which palling thorow rich Paffures, or making
the Paftu cs rich by its fecrei vertuc » runneth towards the Well : as do alio, % Jnquimo, ^Nnat^
and 5 Ny a. ^; /i/iy«<», of a contrary couflr to the other three. 7 T«^«ii,or jfocto, which fallt*h
int»the Nu 'hei » Seas. SNicayagu, ^Cocit.mico, 10 X" nqm. Thefe three lalt ttmous herctofu>
for their Sanii c/(€eld. Some fpeak of joooe Brooks and Kiveri, which are found in this Countrey .
twopaits of which vaft number had their GtlMnSsiidi. A hing fo ht beyond the charity of the
ftrongeft Faith, ('diough reporr^d by a grave and Reverend Author) th«c I know oot ^at Interpre-

'" T-courfe, Ditch, and Gutter, may be reckoned in.

ution to put upon It, cxcep: every '

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Photographic

Sciences

Corporatioii

23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, NY. MS 80

(716) S73-4S03

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'■*%

1096

AMERICA^ HANDS.

The whole divided, when the Sptnitndt firft came amongfl them, Into fcreral Provinces or King-
doms, as I Hifivty, « JtcMguia, 3 Sa»»»/»««.in the Eaftern parts. ^Ttqmmt,^ BtarMC$stnd6X0rtigUM,
towards the South. 7 Guahalu,and 8 Cabaya^in the Weft : and in the North,? C«t4«,rich in iViVies of
Gold ; 10 MuncM, the I .anding place of Celuntbm ; and 1 1 fAaguana in tht teftter of the Mandi the
Kine whereoi in the time oiColumbm was named Conaho, of greateft power of any of . Iiofepetit
Roytelctfr. Another divition oi it hath been made by Namre,paitin8! it by four Rivers, all riling from
one Mountain in the midft of theldand into four Divilions s the River ^'f*' nmning towards the
North ; a Nubiha hatining to the South ; 3 T«>i«,or Jumta towanis the Faft ; and j Hatibtnico to the
Well. But thefe divilions b^ ing long lince grown out of ufe,we w'"' furvey the chief of the Towns and
Cities of it, as they come before us, (.'-

And they are 1 S. D»»»/wg(i,firrt built by Btfri/jc/ow»ir Coltimbm Anno 1484. on the Eaft bank of the
Cza)\iJ\ and afterwards ("in the year ijoij removed by Hwholxdi OhanrU, then Governourof the
Hand tothc oppolite Ihore. Situate in a pleafant Country,amongll wealthy Pallures,and neighboured
v\ ith a (afe and cap-icious Haven : the hoiifes elegantly built, moll of them of Hone, and ihc whole
well walled, belide a CalHe at the Well enil of the Peer to defend the Haven : enriched by the rcli-
dence of the Govi rnour, the Cottrn of Jullice, the SeeofaniIr<rfci/(b9p (andbelides many Convents
and Rclip.ioiis houfcs) an Hofpital endowed with aocoo Ducats of ycrly Rent. Elleemed of greateft
Trade and concourfeofMcrchants till the taking of Mm/w, and thcDifcovcry ofp*r«; lince that
time fiiilibly dtcaylng ; and now reduced unto the number of 600 Families ofspjwardf ; the greacell
part t f thel ity, and all the Suburbs, inhabited by Nfi>ro$, Mutates, andother Strangers. Not yet
recoveied ct the hurt it had by Sir Franen Vra\t, who in the year 1 58<^. took It by force, and held ic
fc r the fp. ce of a moncth, burning the greatell pat t of the houles^and fuHering the rell to be redeemed
at a certain p ice. i Sc Salvador, 28 1 eatucs 10 the Eaft of Domingo. 4 Jagnaiia, calhd alfo SaitCla
l\latu dtlfotto, Irom a (afc and beautiful Haven adjoyning to it ; lltuate in the Weft pit of the I-
land, of no ercat bignclsjconlifling of no more then 150 hoiilcs.when it was a: the ercattft} but niade
much led by Captaii- Ntvp.rt, who in the year IS9», burnt it to the ground. 4 Cotuy, in the North
ot the llland, cppolite to S. Domingo, from which diftant almoft 60 1 eat-ues : a little Town, but for-
merly of great citcem for its Mmti of Gold, 5 Conctftion dt U Kf/{<i,the foundation oiChiftifbtr Co- -
lumbm \ for whofe fake afterwards adorned with a See EfifcoftU d puirto 4t U fUt^i^o Leagues from
Dotningo on the Northern Ihore ; where built on a commodious Bay by Nichoiat dc Obando before
mentionedjby whom alfo fortiried ; the fecond Town of Wealth and Trade in all the Hand. 7 Azmm^
now called ConipofttBa,i noted Haven,and relbrted to for .Si<g«r;', which it yields abundantly.

This Hand was firft dtfcovered by C»/mmiw(for 1 bclievcnotthatit wasanyofthe/«rij»tfrr J/tfHi/f
which we read of in the life of .SrrKiriw )in the firft voyage which he made: conducted hither by fome
of (he Inhabitants of theIfleofC»i<r. Landing, and gaining the good will of the Savages, by gentle 11-
fage,hc obtained leave of one of their Kings or Caciques to build a Fortrefs in hisCotmtry, which he
called tiavidudyOt Naiividad,]eiv'm^ in it 36 Spaniards to keep poffellion : whom he found both ma-
llered & murdered at his coming back. Being now better furnilhed for a new riantation,he built the
Town called Ifabella^m honour of IjabtUu Qi^ieen ofC«y?)ir)nc*r the Mines oiCibar,v. hich afterwards
was defcrted alfo and the Culonie removed unto S. Vonnngo: the Spaniards fending one Colonic after
another.till at lall their number was increafcd unto 14000. belidcs wonien and children. But having
rooted out the Natives by their infinite cr «f /tff»,and exhaufted the riches of the Cotmtry with as infi-
nite covetoyJKell, they betook ihemlelves to frefiicr guarttrt, abandoning the Hand to devour the Con-
tinent. Once had the I landers rebelJedjand fortiiied thcmfelvcs in the Province of Baoruco ; a place Co
naturally llrong, tiiat there was little need of the helps of Art. Not brought to leave that faflnefi but
on fuch conditions as made the Spaniards lefs mfolent, and themfelves kisflavei.

5-eVBA.

CUBA lycth en the Weft of HifpanitU^from whicii parted by a Vnth or narrow Channel, inter-
pofcd betwixt the two Capea ol S. Nicho/M,if^' '• that of M<»;«<,Backed on the North with a frle of
llands,calicd the Lxcotof, and lome pat t of the Vtninjula of Vlorida -, extended towards the Kail t<i the
cxtream point or Foreland of jMrntd", ciWeiXCapc de Cotacbt, from which diltant about 5oLeagucs,
and neighboured on the .^outh with the IlJe ot Jamaica.

It is in length from Eall to Well, that is to fay, from Cape Maxit towards Uifpanioh, to the Cape
of 5. Anth»ny,ijo Leamics ; in breadth where broadell hardly 4o,but fifteen in other.', lor the fertili-
ty of the Ibil contending with Hijpaniola lor the prehcmincnce > but in the temperature of the Aire a
great deal before it. Liberally lloreii with G/».7;f»,C<(]7»j,M<»/tK)L Aloes, Cinamon itidSuf'ar, (not
reckonin g fuch commodities as are common unto this with others; belidcs great plenty of Flelh, and
Filhiand of Fowlno fcarclty. TheG^Wmore drolliein theMine,thcninW«yi><i»/t/j, but the firo/i
moreperfeft. Hilly,and full of lofty Mountains ; but thofe Moimuines clad with divers trees,fome of
which drop the purell R»fin,ind the Hills fending ro the Valleys many notable Rivers. Pellered with
many Tons of Serpents, not fo much out of any ill condition of thcSoyl and Air, as by an old Siwer-
flition of the Savages : in former times not futfered to kill them when they might (this being a Dilli
referved for the higher Powenjnot able afterwards to deAroy them when it would have been (uffered.

What other Savage Rites they had, is not now material, the Spaniards having took an Order that

they (hou)d not trouble us in that particular. Yet thus much wc may add in nKnwry of the lirft inhabi*

i.. . tants

■^mff.

ChU AMERICAN ILANDS.

tants, that an old man of 80 years, one of the Caciques of the Hand, addrcllld himfclf unto Celumbus
at his Srrt coming hither, adviling him to ufe his Fortune with moderation, and*to remember that
the fouU of men have two journeys when they leave this world ; the one fuil and dark,preparcd for
the injurioui and cruel perfon j the other deltaable and pleafant for the men Df peace. Ft is faid alfo
of them they knew not the ufe of meticji, nor underftood the nicctits ot Meum and 7uum : JemiHts m
etmmtn to the blellin^s which the earth brought forth, and Cobein of Nature.

Amongft the K«r»trfj of this Hand, they mention a Fountain out of which fioweth a pitchy fub-
ftance, which is faind frequently on the Seas into which it fallcth, excellent for the Calkjue, of (hips :
Sccondly,a Navigable River (but the name not told us; the waters of which were fo hot, that a man
could not endure to hold h'i hand in them. They tell us alfo thirdly of a Valley 15 Leagues from S.
y<^9,which pioduceth Hones exaftly rounJ.as if made for pleafure 5 but yet meerly natural. But thcfc
MO greater Ratines then in other places : nor altogether (o great as in H fpamo/a. Cf which they tell
us of a fair River, whofe waters aie Salt, and yet none but frelh ftreams fall into it : Of another lake
(tlucc Leagues in compal's^ on the top of the Mountains,tnto which many flivers were known to run
without any £wt. Neither of ihefefoftran^e or rare as the Cue/'/'), a 'kJ\d of Scambc orBteie! : the
eyes ami wings whereof when opened givefo^reata light,in the darkelt places, that a man may fee
to read and write by it, as well as by a Candle.

Hlvcrs of moft note, 1 Cante, much annoyed with Crocodiles (n Bead not comn.in in thefe Hand*,
noreifewhere in this) exceediiit; dangerous tc fuch as repofethemfelvcs on the Ba-iks of the flivir.
1 ^riwiio, which disbiirtlKneth it felf neer the Port of Xje,u». ^Hiade J'oraijfuil -jf Rocks and qukk-
fands, at the entrances of it. ^KioEfccndid.i, paling betwixt H^ij^^, and >\\eT on o\ Mate anas,
5 AldrioMnd 6 T'jwi'fjof lefs note : Befidcs thefe there is Xagua, a fafe Stat;oa and rload for Ihii'pini;
of a narrow entrance, but lar^ic and fpacious when onceentred, abave ten I.ea»;ucs in length, and of
breadth proportionable. So fenced on all fides from the winds,that Ihips lie here in (afety without
any Anchor. Some other Baies there be ai ulefull, though not fo conllderab!?.

Towns ofmoft confequence, i S. Jago in the South pan of the Hand, iituate about two Leagues
from the Mam, but in the botf^mc of a large and capacious Gulf, the molf no:ed Port of all thefe
Seas. Built by Doh Vitgo de yeblqutSy Ak.i^i 4. Afterwards made a hijhofs See, beautified with a
Cathedral; 'bme Kf;^/^(«M houfes ; once not inferiour unto any^or numbers of People, though now
few enough. Bawctfo, 30 Leagues on the Eaft of S.^-'g'j the *(i»me Foundation as the other; and
neigliboured by great quantities of Ebtn-wood, j S. Salvador, by fouK called Bajfmoy according to the
old name of the Province in whicli it ftandeth ; built by Velafco in the moft pic.ifjnt and richeli part
of all the Hand ; but not fo iitly,as the other, for Trade and Merchandife. 4 Vorto del frincipe^m Ha-
ven Town in the North parts : not far from which is the Fountain of a pitchie cr bituminous liquor,
fpok'-n of before ; wliich I conceive to be much of the fame nature with the Fi untairs of Njphta in
liic Eaft. 5 IrinnUd, another of J'f/tffcoj found ttions, nine or ten leagues Eallward ofthePortof
Xa^ua; ouce well frcquented.but now foi fakeu, and meernothin?,. 6 Havana in the North parts,ojT-
polite to Vhrida^x noted and wel traded Port; fo ftrongly lituatc Sic foriilicd both by Nature and Art,
that it feems impregnal)lc. The llntrances defended widi two notable Caftles -, a greater then either
oppolite to the mouth of the Haven; all fo commodioully built,and well planted with Ordnance, that
they are able to keep out and fcatter the greateft Navy. Neer one of them llandeth an high Tower,
fromthetop whereof notice is given unto the Gm»r(ij, of every (hip that comet h withhi view of the
H^atcbmen. I'he bdi afliirance, not only of this Hand but the I'av of Mexico ; and therefore honoured
for the moli part with the feat of the Goverwutt and the greateJl Trade of all thefe Seas : the Ihips
which are bound for Sfiam from all parts of the Gulj, tarrying htre for one another, till all met toge-
ther, and fettiHg fail from hence by the Sirf »tj of Bahama, amongft the Hies of the Vucaior.

This llanil one ot the lirlt which was difcovered by Cetumbut : who having almoll tired the .^^d-
M/<r^f with the expe£^ation, (irft fell upon the Hand ofGuabaitaui, oneoftheLoctfio;, to which he
gave the name of S. Savous. From thence he failed to Baracoa, on the North of this Hand, which
he caufed to be called FernandtHa, in honour ofFtr/^iHand the Catbolicl{i King ofCafiilt and Aragon ;
at whofe charge and the incouragement of yahella his Htrtkl( Qyecn, he pucfued this entcrpilfe. Lan-
ding,he askctl the People if they knew CifannoQyy which name Faulm Vetieitu calls the llle aiJapaM)
and they conceiving that he enquired after Cibao (of great note for the richeft Mines in Hifpamala^
pointed towards Haytj\(onK of them going with him to conduA him thhher.Cuba by this means laid
alide,and all the thoughts of Spain upon Hilpanitla^ve^Kte they found many golden provccations to in-
vite their flay; till hun^ring after more Gold,and fome new Plan(at:ons,they palled over hither : and
in,6w years by the prudent cunduAofK(/afi.-«,gcjtfu(h footing in it,and made that footing good by
fo many Colonics ; that their title and pofleilion was beyond difpute ; and fo cootinued to this day,

6. JAMAICA.

I A MAICA lyethonthe South of C«/i«, from .which diiiant so League9,and as much,or very lit-
tle motcftomHiipoMioU. Difcovered in thefccond voyage of C9/«mt«i,by whomnamed^. Jago ;
(hat name changed afterwards to Jamaica.

It is in length from EoA to Weil about $0 Leagi|es,and in breadth 10. the whole compafs eflimatrd
at 150. the miticUe of it undet d« iS D^-- of Northern Latitudt. Of a rich foyl, abundantly pro-
vided of all thiqei neoeilary; well flodKd with Cattle,and no lefsplentifitlly llored with moH forts of
FruitirWhichciopc Iadufiry.or Nanvc bave%plyed it with. Great ftore oiCttm vwl ; and fuch

abundance

1097

■li

I'l

'iS£S^^^:-

1098

AMERICAN ILANDS.

Jamaica.

I't

alwndance of Juictu (a Root whereof the StVMgn once nude their bread) that it was deemed the Gni-
narit ut the neighbouring Hands. And were it not diihirnifhed of convmient Porti (which is all the
wanr of it)\f 'Aud be as much h-rquenied by the Tea-taring men^as any other in thofe parts. Once very
pu(Milotifi,rnw deftitute ot all the natural Inhabitants : this lland,aiid that of forte Ktc«, lofing in few
yeaiT t ot^ 00 by the Spauiardt cnielries. Cruelties which not only nged upon the nien,b{K ddlroyed
potKricy : tbel^oMWff, here ondclfeuhere fo abominating their (ad condition, that they ftrangled
their Children in the birth, to the end they might not live toferve fuch a cruel Nation.

Chief 1 owns liCieoi (for though it be well waterd,it hath no great Rivers) i StviEtyln the North-
pare of the Iland,beautitied with a goodly Monalierie,the Abbot whereof hath all EfifcepMl jmldiSa-
on,and is priviledged to wear a Miur s in nothing nioreenobled,then that PtUr Martyr the Hilk>rian
(to who(cPrc«</riailfucceedtngAgesaretobeDehoIdinp,fortheCi«r()^«}ri&jp, and Hi/}«r; of thele
parts of the World) was once Abbot here, a W<ftD«5afiT>*nTown,bot memorable for the unfortunate
liiipwrack of Ca/umbutjon the Ihcres adjoyning. 3 OnftaM,on the South of the lland,fourtcen Leagues
from Stvr'. 4 Dt U Viga^now a ruinc oniy,oncea Spani^ Colonie i and of great fame for giving the
title of D^l^^el to Cbnfiopbtr Coluntbuiyind his bi other BarihJomi w. Since v\ hofe time nothing hapnod

rc'iuJicial to the State ofihisllandby the hands ot any Init the 5;>«nfirri/i } till conquered, but not

fid by Sir A»tkamt Sht rley. An. 1 596.

ThiB li.iving took a flicrt Survey of tlic fcvcral parti of this gxcu Body ; wc now bricHy take a vicvr of the Covero-
nitnt and Korcti of it. TIk- Govtrnmcni comniita'd rhitliy to two grc>t Vne-K'yei, tlit one of N»t< Hijftmt, wh*
vdidcvat /MiTS'i theotK-of ffri(,wlioabidethat /./m*-, the '.•rincipal Cities of thofe Kingdoms. The tii^l luth ju-
iSfdiftion over all the Vrtrtimxi of A«v< (itluity Nav* H'ifMia,Ju'imtit, CilklU Ahk*, and the Provinces of the MtxI-
cti li/tiiii ^ the otJier over tliof-. of ftf*, tbut, en de It putt, and the new Realm KSOninJa. Such fcartercd pieces
aitlKy !)old io OjifJui,Piri.i. and thc.C<ritM, with tlitir Forts in eiiridt, being reduced to fome of thtfc. Oi thcfc
shc\ iri-R.y oiVen is nfgreateft power, becaufc he hath the nomination ofall tl»e f.§mmaiiditi andOtticcrswithiH
hisC-oveirimnt : which iD the c;thcr arc rcferved to the King himfcif. But rlut of AVwSfiiiK counted fortlKbettcr
pr fc.nicnf, btc.nife of itb iKamifs unto iftm (in reipeit of the other) the hi juries of tltc City vfMexui, and thcCi-
>-ilniCi if the Veopitf. tor cIk- admininiation of Jiillht, and ordering the Affairs of the feveral Provinces, there arc tea
(hi(f roiirts, fTom wiuih rbtrc lycth no Appeal : that is to fay, 1 (iHaM*U'*, for GtHifU Nn/i. 3 Afexko, for tiem
S/wi» ) S U «r ntt, for the IVovince of the Uudt. 4 QiuHmaUfoi the divifion fo named, i And ftatmt, for Ctfltttt A»-
Ui. Then fur ilieothw Government, Q<</'oi,/.inM, and C/Iwn«,intlte Realm of i'mi. ^ lmfv'uk,ioK Cbik. loS. F«|>
for the AVi* Aid;*- «j Oftmit. Fromthcfe, though no <4m«< doth lie in matter of i«/7((«t yet both from them anA
the cwol'ireKcyNan Aftf<' ivaylieinal&irsofStatc, orpointoffrticuiK'r. And tothisend (here is a ftandin(
Cown^W in t^-Couit of .V'i"^ which is called the C«M/«i *j ibe Mki, confiftingofa Trr/t^lrai, eight Counfdlors, two
Pnxtors Fifcat (whicb we call the StUiciun Cenetal ) and two Secretaries, befides other Officers : to whnn it apper-
(ai«cth to ake care of all matters which concern tlie Guvemmcnt of thtfe Cruntricsno appoint tlic yict- Hmm^o dif-
potr of ub the great oflices (cyccpt thofe of the Government of Prru) and fpiritual Dignites ■, to appoint Vifitin to ga
inro thofe Provinces for the examining the anions of all Officers, hearing the grievances of the l'eoplc,and to difplace
or punifh as they find occafion ■, biK with the Kings privity and confcnt.

.<ks for the Ef^ates of private m«-n,tliey which hold Lands or R»/tttiei from the Crown ol' 5;'«/»i,hold them but for life
(except It be the Marquefle of K«//< in Ntm Sptuii,o( the race ofCmetJ after their deaths returning to the King again-,
who give them comnuiily to the ddiA fon or rhe next of blood', but fo that they receive it as a mark of his
tivourvind not for any ri>;ht of thefe. And thotigh they have many times attempted to make thtfe CiimniMiirrKiaiid
Eftate? hereditary, and offered great fums of money for it, both to Cbntes the Fifth, and fbtJip tltc Iccond i yet they
could never get it done i the Kings moll prudently confidcring,tlut tltcfe great Lords having the command of the E-
ftares and Verlbns of their feveral ytffgli, would either giinde them into powder without any temedy i or upon auv
lr,(jtiifiiir» into citcir proceedings take an occafion to revolt. Both dangers of no finall importance, both by this un-
, certainty of their prefcnt Jenmt., trxcoeding happily avoided.

TheRcvcmie which the King rittiverh hience.is faid to be three Millions of Ducats yeerly: moft of it rifine out of :he
Filths of the Mines of Gold and Siivtr : the rell by CiiOoms upon Manu£i^res and all forts of Mercliandile , and the
Acknowledgments refervcd upon Lands and Royalty. But out of this tlicre goeth great Ei;ti,that is to fay to the two
Vicc-roys iicoo Ducats i to the i'ref>dcnt and Officer^ of the Couufel of iIk Indies in S^i* io<- 00 Ducats 1 to the
Judges and Officers of the fcvcTall Conns of 'ndicature very liberall Venfi ins ; to every Arch-bifhop and Bifhop , rf
w luch there are 29 in all,2cco Ducats at the fiaA,and to fome much mor« to mend their Bencfices.Then reckoning m
the mfinite Charges in maintaining CarrifonSyind entertaining tlanding Linds both of Horfc and toot, in ieveral patTn
of this Eftatei and the continual keeping of a Atong ArmaJa^m condu^ his I'Uit jittii to Sptm , there muft be made a
grcit atnitemenT,and the funi will bear it. Kur howfo«xt at tlie firft his Revenue came from thence without ... v great
Charge mo.e then the keeping o(' a t<:w Soiildicrs toaw the Savages i yet alter helcll fowl with SMtUwd, andflartled
the H-U^niei: to Kebellion, he was compelled to fortiAe all his Havens, and fecure his Ports, and to maintain a iirong
Atmtdj at tlie Sia ro Convoy his Treifurcs. Before which time, tlw Englilh (a% is inlhnced in fcvetal places) did fo
• fliare in his Harveft,that tiny left him fcarce enough to pay his Workmen ; which if they fhould attempt again upon
any hreach,tliLy would finde it very difficult, if not impolliblejo efkii any thing on the Coafts^is in former times ; or
' ' iimeed any otlnr way but by making themfelvcs too (Irong for him at Sea, and thereby eitlier intercept his Fleas , or
hinderthem fr>->mc'.iuiningro htm to fupply his needs. A»dftmttcbf»t tbt A MER I C A N Hands.

Haviii); thus travelled ovcr( with Gods bleflingj the kp^tm ft'ti of the World, and failed through the moft difficuk
Seas which embrace the Ctme: we (hould now man our Barque againyind try what diicovery we can make ofthe fitru
gakf""'-, or not fo fully known to us as the othert are.

■ - «t^iii

Qgo ffft'ti tr.c» ifiHbt * rtiufixU ardrn fiiti
Kmmmi me Auftcr pJur/ict jam tttttt niibtt
Itcifit, bit iHtum nin eft (mibi cndt) mtttri.
Dum hut in Fntmn UKdtmm:, imtiU c/tmrn
ktddtdtrkl »bif»il» dim, rtvtciHt ab Alia
MiTrwnScopulo, aif, itimm tintibimim^iM<

That is to fay.
But whether goec ny Bark? Retutn,ror we '
Have fliccl the capering Brine enough) fee/ce.

The .Southwind 'gins to gather clouds apace,
Tis no fafe tarrying in fo fierce a place-
While thou haft time retire thou wearied Barli
Into Uk Harbouri when the clouds which dark'
The worlds bright eye (hall bedifpelled awty,
And ftiinrng Pbttiu make u lightliMnc day,
Tritcai fhtill Thimp ftuU thee roall s^n.
From the lafc Harbour to the founing main i
And we with all our powm wol bddly try.
What of this UNKNOWN WORlDwa can defcty.

f !••■

A TABLE

lei

GoH

Gui
GuJ
GuJ

GuJ
Guj

Hani

A J ABLE .-^

O 1

The Lon^itHde and Latitude o£ the chief Towns and
Cities mentioned in this Second Part.

Longit. Lalii,

Acipuloi
Alniciia-
Ancon —

Ancf;ida<
S, AnnaHijuiiuni-
Amijna— — — —
Ant lochia ■
Arica — i

'- X7* o
— i7i IJ
— 3»i o

318 lo

18 o

lO o

<i lo

50 O /f.

17 JO/J.

33" 10 16 10
309 ^0 fi no

—• 30" 30 lo o A.

Afcenfion — '-' 353 lo ig jo^,

Aravalo' —.198 lo 1 30

Acuiaiiiil I — -^ 189 30 If o

■S^Auguft'n ■ ' - — »93 o jjj }o

Bahama -

IJJIUMWUS •

Bovincai -

lyf Jo 17 o

— — — 3*1 o 130

Cimpa — __-
Cariapena^— "

Cattlitpii.-.—
Cixaiiiaica— ■
Chtllii>iak'--

JhiafiiictlaH"-— -
■Ci ■ m

CullJ.i—

Coq'iiiiibo— —

CorJiilx—

t oano— "—• — -

Couliaean—- --— -
Cufco,— —

_3SI

— 300

199

.i>8

308

— 1^0

»99

—167
300

— 301

3,«

1?9

. J.66

4"
3"
IP

!•

Jo '*.

3«

30 <4.

i»

l«

40 .V,

3 A.

•3

30 ^.

Darien

!Dvfrida-u.

Duminica-

-19V 40 f 30
-310 o 11 10
-i59 4" M <>

H I-

Kftadc—
Fcrnambuc-

Gorjona— •
Griiiada' *
Guajjquil

-305 10 47 40
-3JI 40 9 10

Guajaiquabol— — " ' --»— igi ij 31
Guanapc ,«_^„.,v.i94 jo 8

Guardalupc — •
Guatimala— ~-r

10
o
30 A»

o
10 .V,

-JI9 10 If lO
-30J o 14 10

Htingnf rl" - 1 — 310 }«

i ^ I

Havana-

Hochcla^a-
Hunedc-

Long't' Latic,

•191 to 10 •

■300 JO 44 lo

.JI4 o jl ]•

Jab9(]ue — -
S: J.R<'

Uabella.

-3'f >5 17 M
•198 10 30 10
■}o; 10 IS 5a

Lcnnpa ■
Loxa— •

——174 10 16 ^o
.— 196 40 13 30
»»3 30 9 .. JO-*-

Malagnana —

Maloncs

Maiacipana
Marjiarita-"-

Mexico

Martha

S. Michael —
S. Michael
Mona

Monfuiacc —
Montr"y»1 —
Mopox -■■■■'

179 4"
3IZ lo

ij 40

13 40

8 o

314 10 10 Jo

18} o 38 30

301 10 10 40

191 40 6 10 ^

317 10
309 3°

47 »o
It o

319 10 IJ 40

- l3oi o 4? 40

301

Navaca _

Nicoia

Nives-

Nombre dc Dins

Noi nuihf^- I -

300

»7

184

5''

318

l«

»94

3°

3'J

Paca .—

Paico

Panama —
Panuco —

Pafto

Priia .

Pl«a

Popayan-
PiillclHon-
Potoli

"301
"190
-194

—"170

504

196

—30?

.- — 197

J, J

30
30
10

i
11

'9
I

5-
II

10 A.

30
lo

no A.

o
to A.
SO
20
la A.

Qiiilcon —
Qjintcte—

Quivira— — — <— - -

Hhlilih

198 fo U la A.

303 40 J4 40 /».

i<>3 10 o 10

—-,133 • 41 40

k
ill

■li,

Roc«

RoqucUy-

Salina*-

S. Salvadorcn

Sauce —

Saona —

Sorand — —

Tabaco -
TarnacM
TavaCco.

Tcfti(os

Thomcbamb* ■

-Jll • II lo
-314 lo )0 o

-J17 JO

.311 40

-311 10

-»94 4»
-309

-J5I

17 to

5} o

» o

9 ioA.

o itf ;o

40 Si e

■jit 10 10 40

i»70 H »4 40

, »7J 40 ll »o

-3|tf 10 II o

•193 40 I la A'

Tiquifana -
T(chiiptc .
Tortuf;!— .
loionrcac-
Trinidadu
Tumbc'i —

Valparaifo •
Vlliu— .-

Vraba

Vrcos-
Wocucan.

ZtcatuU .

— 301 »o «< a A.

174 43 19 o

JOJ 59 10 to

— X48 10 16 a

— *yi JO I' »o

— »9l 40 4 !• A-

— 300 o

-_t4i lo

— 191 »o

-301 o

-307 3«

30 30

7 30

14 TO A.

34 o

-»'f 4 »o «

■4 is th: mark of Southern Latiiude

The End of the Second Part of the Fourth Bookj

,1 r

. _ . ■, . ..t..ti

■ 1

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.1 : • 1 :•

lie < ■

-5'-' a 1;..'

. .SKV J '

V- «

1 .

... ,„i

-V

0; !.»;.

;>•

't!

-J *««

f en

; :

„ iot

Of:-.

APPENDIX

To the Former VVork,

ENDEAVOURING

A DISCOVERY

OF THE

UNKNOWN PARTS

OF THE

WORLD.

ESPECIALfcY OF

Terra Auftralis inqpgnita^

OR THE

Southern Continent.

TETE^ HEYLi:^,

Horat. Dc Arte Poet.

-ftHorihus atque ^oeti

QuuUibet audendifemper fm aqm fotefias^

LONDON,

Printed for Henrj Stile ^ k^'?^^,

"»- "3- T.> ^

1 I '-

IJ;.

1 r t r

! ^»

ii%

■ )

/I . ■

■'■?f

' -7

, <• - '-■-»■

J ■;

:j : I /no I

\ .

-•-v»J»<V V !■■•

\ : ;.Ar'

, .',•->■

.'. '"* '

. .1 ".,.. v;;,iv^ ;

I '

,..-:,*«»^>

^'^^5'

'•'•"Pte*

loS.

AN APPENDIX

To the Former V Vork,

Endeavouring a Difcovery

Of the v:]\cK^Ofv^ "P A%rs of the

WORLD.

) N I) Iiere wc arc upon i new and l)ranp,c 44dvtfiture,v4\\K\\ no Knif^ht Er-
r.uit ever undcriook hjiorf. Ot things wwi^woww, a*; there is common-
ly no defirc, "o lels dilcoirle can probably be made upon them. By »»»-
ItMowu th'^reforc wc mult underltand iefi k!iowii,nt not well di'covcred;
and in that Ccnfe wc may as well endeavour to (ay lomcwhat of them i
as others with more pains anJ hazard to attempt the difcovery. And to
fay irtithjeven in tjie l^mrvi pares ot the world there is much mik<fmH;ti
in the belt &: moU rioi.ril1iing Kingdoms of theliarth there is Ibme wjft
f,round, either not cultivaicci ac all> or not lo well inhabited as ihc reft
ot the Count ry.Vor belides many vaH ttaftsolgronnd in the North and
North- wel* parts ot Tartar/ , and I'uch parts o\ India as lie Nonhwards
towards DeUngHer.Ntwgroctt., the Halt parts oiCaMcupn, & ihe Realms
of C/ifi<«|; it isconcc .ed that the grcaicll part of the midlands ot ^/"wi^arc undifctvcrtd to this day,
or the knowicdoeot them to imperfed as comes near a nejcitnce. And for America , not reckoning in
the Northern Borders ( which arc in part to bv: the lub)ed of this enquiry ) it is aflirmcd of the Mid-
lands by John de L*et (who hath made the molk xa>it delcription of ir that was ever extant ) Minima
fni parte ftrtMihattimeft t that the lealt part of them huh been dikovered hitherto to any purpofc
Leavinoihele therefore as bebrc without further I'earch, wc will divide the K/Vf.'jVO/^iV/fOkLl>
irtri thtte two parts i .Terr* hcognit* Boreaiif, and i.Jeria incngmtn ^HJhalis,vi\\k\\ with their Siib-
oi wdons \\\: will now puri'ue.

TERRA INCOGNITA BORJ.ALIS.

TF:RJiA INCOGNITA BOREAUS.isihu part of the 'a«^«»»v« iVorld which lieth towards
the North ; and istobe confidcred in ihele three notions. i.As direftly und>;r the Poie,
which for diiiinftions take wc will call Orfm ArUicnt ; j. As lying to the North-Eafi on the back of
Eh -ff^ir, and AJia ; or ? . on the North-weft y on the back of Ameiica.

I . OEJilS ARCJ ICUS is that part of 7err* Borealu $nc0gmtay which lyeth under or about the Ar'
II i k^ I'ole ; the lituation and dimenfions of which being taken with the AflroUbt by an Oxford Frier ,
are by Atercator thus delcribed out of the ItitKrary oi James Cwxeof Bou U due, ot the Bofche a Town
o(Bral>a»t.

" Under the Arilicle^ Pole ( faith he ) is faid to be a ilack^Rock^of wondrous height,about ? j leagues
" in compals) the Land adjoynihg being torn by the Sea into four great Hands. For the Ocean violcnt-
"ly breaking thorow it, ancidilgorging it lelf by i5>Chanels,makctbfour £«r//>».or fierce whirl-fotlst
" by which tiie waters arc finally carried towards the North, and there Twallowcd into the Bowels of
"thcEatth. That £«>•«/»»« or f«i/r/f»«/ which is made by the Sf^fAifl^ Ocean hath five /»/:«, and by
" reafon ot his Hreight paHage» and violent courfe, is never frozen: the other on the back o( (jrocMUndy
*■* being 37 leagues long, hath three inlets, and remaineth frozen three months yearly. Between thefc
*< two there lieth an Hand, on the North oiLofpia and BUrmia, inhabited as they fay by Pygmies,t\\c
<« tallelt of them not above tour foot high. A certain Scholar of Oxfni reporteth, that thete four Eh-
*'■ ripi are carried with t'uch furious violence towards Ibmo (7M/f,in which they are finally (wallowed up,
" that no fhip is able with never fo throng a Gale to/«w the Citrreut , and yet that there is never lo
*• lirong a wind as to blow a fVmdmitl. The like reported by ^iraldus Cambrinfis in his Book De mir,-^
tiiUbut Hibtrnig. So far and to this purpole he. But Btmtitvtit our Countryman is of another 01 i-

Hhhhh 3 nioo

■

■ft

mmm

lOp

TE9{^J lu^cogo^cir^'

North- £,i(l nion, as indeed whonoi ? ; neiihcr bciicvmjj iU.\i /'/"'<• oi jiiy oUicrct the Ajfw.iw wtucis (.auic lii-

?.!/« fhertodercribcthis/''"''we«<i'»7: ot t\\ii the O^xfard Fritr,vi'iit\oai the Mlhiince oi' iom^ cold JD<S"/

j^^^^vj ofihc»i»»«W/r /^*j/wjotthc AirCanJconkquentlyalileto endure all weathers ) could approocli lo

near as to mcainre ((k'Ic coldCoi irricg wii,h hi* jlJtnUti or ttkt the heigiicofihis />'/<««<{. Aec^with

hisjMelii cS'Mj/. LtJviiythiuh^rc'or.'as more fit for L«t/<i'.j'Z)/(/5_^//«,ili.m any kriuusdifcourlcj

' ,^ we will proc edt o mailers ot uiorciriiihandctrcainty.

2 . The NORTHn^f-S'f pan « oi ftmi iHonnU.t BortnU, , arc tho'c which lie on the back of Eflcti'
i.uidy the ir.oii Nort'.urn Province oiWwfm.1 .• by which ic hatii been much endcavomcd to find
• '■' out a padagc to CMluiy :.v.dCi.i,i,i^ .inJ not to ['/"^ '<' ' f "boiit as citlu-r liy the Caiv ct (/oo4 Ifope , or
,• ihc Sireigfits o\ M-i^ellu^. Aitcm ted lirii by Seb.iltian Ciiut yiK.\-\')-j.:.i tlie chat'jc o/ lliury the 7th

y" u\Bi(^ImU. Hiic ha.in;', dilcovercda iarasiothc 67 Dv;^rcc otA^>>-;/jf/«LaiiiudcU>y tiie iniitinie ot'

liis Mariners he vvaslurced toreturn; wbLrcfindinj; v.reat preparations tor a \^r nnhSeoiLwdy that
buiinels tort Ik- ! t Jent wa ; laid ar..k. KlM timed by (j.i:tf<e> ( oitcru^/n a PoriHj^it/,^^u. i vco,andat"-
at'tcrby5ff/-/;frtC/owf*,'. .s'.'/iMMrii, inthe year i JiJ.but ncithcrpt iliem w^nt lot'ar to tht North as
Cal>i>t. 1 he Sp.t'ii.irds noiwitlilian iing would noc 10 ^ive over , but (irli with J Oiips from tlic (irojn ,
andal'tctwar(lsl)y iwol'rOin AVir^pj//;, tent out b^ Conn.., \ iiiliied the cntetj rize, which provini; as
liicccllols as the lormcr had been, occa :onedf./i7/ the Jch. then prep.ti inj; lor /f<«/<>, on ilic payiiient
ot 5 5cooDi!Citsby King Ju/;» the third,io!iil"; end the i^rofecutiono! i. lolloved with ■greater in-
u'iiliiy,b'it asbad luccclsby Sir jJ/>irtiM [icbijhtr, who made three Voya[;,es tcrth..tc parts (thstitllot
riicinintheyc.ii 1 579 ) and btoii^lit home iomc oiihc N^tntt , ^ Sex lliiicoin liotn(,llill kcpt'in
ihe^rcat Warjiobe ot /*V/,<.ytf. Ca(ile).in.i'a};reat dcalofiheOrfof ihai Coiur.ryi tound » on tryal ,
when in fKi^/.tid, no: to cpiK ihetoii. A;;rMt I'roironiory which he paiVelby, he called Queen £//-
i, /.^ff/;; />./.'. i, in whole nan^e iij toclx pollcflion otic ; and the Sra timniii;; not tar oil , lie called
fnttjftrs Sncif!^hs.'\\\z Seas full Ic' with Icy Hands, lome otihcm halt a mi.c about. and Ko l-aiiioms
abo.c water, the people like the S^uxoedi , the wont kindot Tartars, in their lives and habii. john
D^vi'fi loUowcd the deli^n,/^'. 1 5 85. at the incoura|',emcnt ot'Sir Frutcit ff'tlJiHthaniy then princi-
pal Secretary o.Liiaic:and havio" in 3 Voya};cs dil'co\ered to the Latitude oi'7 5. oyrejion ot'the ma-
ny diliiculii,:s which hclounJinthc aiterpri/c, anJihedeathotMr-^^c^w/jhc was fain to p,i e
over ; leaving unto a narrow Sea on the North oi Elhtiltuid, the name oiFritum DuviiSy in the Lati-
lujj o! 05 and 20 MimKes, by which name liill called. Attcrjiim t'olloyvedWr)'ii»<>«f^, //«//, Hnd-
fon, Lutciiy liaffiiu Smitli-iiW Englijh, fhe reliilt otwhotc endeavours was the fiodiogol feme cold JfleJ
and points ot Land, which they named King J-iww his C<i/'*, Queen Antts f(/fr, Prince Htnries J-ortlnndy
SadMilUndy Uarren I land. Red' gaffe Hand-, "Dij^fs his J land; allot them betwixt (o,and Ki. and the
impoi inj^ on lome pailaj^es and parts otthe Sea, ttic names ot' Hackluyts Htddl.ind, Smiths Buy , Hud'
f.iu Sireights, Mdndlins Sow.d, Fair Haven, and the like marks and monpinenis of their undcrtakin<»s.
Nothin;', atchicvcd ot" publikc moment but the Dilcovery ot'an llandcalled ^ /;«- n Hand in the Lati-
tude ot 74 , and the (liores Ota la^ge piece otthe Continent, which they caiifctl to be called King
J-'»;«j his iVfiv L.t/J, moll commonly. 0'r*M/.W; where they found many w^fi* Bears, with whit^,
j;tey, inJdunl o.ws,Patrii',es, (jtec, and tome other Provilions, Sea Unicorns Horns, preat lloreof
A{orjes,{oi Sea-hories ) me (.lylanii Teeth whereof yeeld noi'mall corrar.oditie. But molt contidc-
rable for the Trade oi n^h.t/e-Jiihi»g, which our men ulc yearly upon thole CoaUs; of whole Oil, Bones,
and Drain ( this lall I'urpolcJ to be the true Sperma Caii, now uled as Medicinal) they raifc very great
{Tofit.

5. The KOR^/'IlF.'ISF PARTS (vil irr a Incognita Vorealls , are tho'i: whicli lie on the North
o! Kujjta and I •■rt.ina ; by which th? like pall.ij'.e towards Cathay and ( i i>ui hath been ot't attempted;
anddiilicrto with like lucc^ls. tnde.ivoured tinlby ^V/;.i/?*J«('.»/"', ilic ion ol john Cuboi , lb often
mentioned before, by whom trained up in th:: Dilcovery otthe North call pans o^ America. His
e.iiploymcni lailing here in crglmd, he betook himiclf unrotlie lerviccof ihe Kin^of S/>4/«; an I
coming, out ot Spain, An, i 549 was by King F.dward the I'xi made Ura»d Pilot oi SniJ.wJ, with an An-
nual P..11. on of i('(5 1. 1 1 ■:• 4.d. Ill theye.r I 55 ? he was thcchiet Dealer and Procurer of the Dif-
covery cf A'«//:^, andtlie Nu,tb-E.ijl Voya;;es, nndcrraken and Performed by Sir Hii(h n-'lhufl/'t ^
( iancelloitf, lUirrciigh, jehk.':jii", anvl after proleciued by Pet and j.utm-in. Some of wli i.ti perilled in
the Adion , and were irozen 10 deaih; iheir lid;' bcin^ tound the next year hemmed about with ice,
and a paniciibr acconipt ofall tliiir',s which had liipne I to them. Ottiers with better fortunes found
t'le wayio A:.'///«.i(iincethat time m.ide a common voyage, widiout dread or danger) and palling down
th^AVij.itothe r.i/^/.i« Sea, andby tiiat to/'tr /»i, were kindly entertained in the Court of the 5ff-
phie. 1 he Ilo/Linden in the year i J94, and in lome years after, tried their Fortune alio , under the
I Gi^luct ai'.vi direction of one ^^^ilUam Barendfon, their chief Pilot; but went no further th..r. the Englilh
I).:d Ljon bel'ore them : yet gtve new names unto all places as they palled, as it they had Ivt-n the firll
Dijcc.v.rcrs ; with pride and .irro^ancc enough. Nothing linte done ot any note or confideration for the
opening of this North- e.-ili pa. .age , or giving us any better accompt ot the North oi Tartaric, oz any
Countries brvond that; bur what we had many ages lince out of /*4«/«.f^'«rt«/; lothatwc arc but
wher ; \vc were, in a Terra In!:r,if}iita. Aiu\ though I would not willingly dilcourage any noble Aftion^',
or bra\c and gallant undertakings ; yet when I look upon the natures ot thofc Shores and Seas, thole
tedious winters often moneths, ,vith no Summer following; the winds coniinually in the North, and.
the A4u!n Ocean paved with Ice to long together : I cannot choole but rank ihe hopes of thele Nor-
thern PalVagcsair.ongll thofc Adventures which are onl^ commendable for the difficulties prefented
in tlieni,

TERRA

■' ?:"'**

.^^.4

fE^^A i5\cco9KjT/.

ipoi

7£ RT(^yi A U STRAUS I NCOGNI T A

WIthhct'cr hopes wc may go forwards on the next Diicovery^ andtrvvxhar maybe done on
I'ERR^A Aim RALIS ., or the J>»/w/j«r«Contincii;, ihoii'',hh\ihcito I NCUU N I A
alio, ahu'-iiasi uich iinknnwuas the //if/fi^l'.^nds, wliich nor .-hut my j-.ood lr.tr at Dvm had the
hap lomecc with. A Comliijiir conceived by our Icirned Jirt>(-\\od, to be as large a? Enropt, y//i,i,
and Afick.- andth.v upon lii^li lir;n!^tli ol Ivcaions , ascanniv he cndly over-horn by any oppolite.
His argumcn;s 111 brief .ire ihjic, i. That as toiichin}^ / <i»'(//ii?, (iimeparrs ihereotcome very near
to the tA-qii'i toy y it ihcy come not alio on this (idc ot i .-and .ii tor /.o'.jj«'t«<&, it keepcth along,
thoiij^h at ic . er.il di(lanccs» tlie whole continual cnurlcoi the other Continents, j. It is clearly known,
thatin thcoiher two Coniinents> the I.jn.l which lyethonrheNorth-fideot that Line, is tour timet
acthelealt .isl.\r^',e anhjt whicii lies South thereof, and thert'ore lince (he earth is equally poized on
both fide:; oMier (>«fr ; it mull needs be that the Harth in aniWcrable meaUire anJ proport ion muH
advance ii loit m lome places above thcScajontheSoiith-ltdeofthi; Line, as ir doth inothersonthe
North. By toii(cq'..cnce,whai IS wanting in the South-parts ot'thc other two (»««iw;f/ to countervail
the Nor!h-j\ir;s oi . hem, mull ot'neccihty be lupplyed m the 5»>rr^«»Conii'ent.

The Conn' rv bcin:-, to lari'^c, lo tree from the Incumbrances oflTolts and Ice, and cndlcls Winters;
1 ha. e oft Miirv lied wiih my rcU'thac no further pro;;rels hath been made in Dilcovery of it : conlidc-
ring chielly by tht: (lie and polit ton of the Country , elpecially inthote parts which lye njarc.l -4/m,
that there i,,iioiliin;.;r' be looitod lore'rwherccitherotproht crotnlcature'jbut may there be found.
Whether ii be, tu; ihere is Ibme Nd ultra put to humane endeavours, or that this people arc nor yet
made ripe enr)!ii;ii lo receive the [j<>Jpet\ or that the j',reat Princesofthctarth think it no jjooj Policy
to engage the:.i cl .e^ in Nov 'D'jcoveriiSyuW theO/<i be thorowly planted, and made lure unto them;
or thai, ihe /l/tn.'.'.wf, who in matter* of this nature hath apowertull influence, thinks his hands full
enough alreaJy ; and hcing :"e'led in lb m.my and lo wealthy Fiitfar/w, will not adventure upon more.
■VV'hichotalhl\elc,or wheilier all ofihefetoj'.ethcrbethecaurcofthisllop, I am not able to deter-
mine. Certain it i^ th.i here is a lar;',cfiildenoiii',hforCovetourncrs, Ambiiion,orDelireof}5loryto
I'pend thcmicl .e ; ir.; enouj;h to ratistie thcgreatcii and moll hungry appetite of Emptre» Wealth, and
Worldly plcafurt ; , Ich. e^ tl.e U/ilUiit>) and merit of lo brave an Adi(*- Moll which hath hitherto
been done in it, hat h been by i he incouragemcntsotthe Vice lloyes <)f A/if w 5/)<«/« and /'«>« » bythc
firllofv\hich w.cameacijujinied with iheCoallsofA'ffv«6«/>;f4; by the latter, with tholi: Countries
called the H't'nL oj S<ilunn„i,\mx wliethtr Con'inentsor Hands, not yet fully known.

And yet we mull nor rob c?l 'agelLmnoX his part of the honor , who palling thorow the Strtijrhts ,
which now b^.^rlii'inime , dikovered iho'.e parts of it which from the /r? thence feen he called
TerrA dc/ riit<io, u \wd \y; I'lv:: Hrlii.iJ.rt (Mnc \m(icr J. m;ci U Jlfair^ lobt an Hand. Nor do the
EM(rtijh ot u\c /)«.f/MNaiHiheir i ar-.shciein. though what they did, wasrather ^f«<^«<i/, than upon
Dei'i'n. i 01 111 i!ie >ear 1 5 ; j. Sir Rn:h.ird lU»kJ>" bcin^, bound for th^; Sfei^ki o\M'gell.in^ was by
a crof;; wind Jrucii Tin :'(! '.lep.-'.rts of this Coniinent , to which lie ;;ave the name of Il-tivkint hij
Mayden L.u.d ; A PromuUtery of it lltoot inj', into ilie Sea with three points he called Point Frcnton-
tei.i; and a ple^liint lile no; far orf , by the name of /'.u> JImJ, Saylin;', along ihefe Coalls in the
5o D.'.'.ree o^S.nt'.'crn L.ititude , for ihelpaccof ^,o milesand upward', he t'ound rheCoun:ryashe
palled to be verv pleaiant; iiKJ by the tires which he law in the night lo bcwell inhabited. Hythc
like accident, i^/'iao x'iO). SibMdeivart , n lJoll.i-:dir, in his return !rom the 5fr«v/,fx of J/.j^*//.r>f
fell UDon Ionic llandsof this. Vffi/r'-fr^'Contincnt , in the L.uiiude or'jo De^^rees and 40 Minutes,
whichhecauledtolv called Sih.ilds Lands. And bciidcr. thefi we ovvctothe /'o>-t«_fi/x thedifco-
very of lixli rart; hereof, as tliey fell on in their way totlic I alfcrn hidies; Yif wliich we have
little bur • lie names, as P/i.t.tconim'T.-rr.i , lo called from theabonndancepf I'-trrati whidi they law
ontheC.()ails,o.cr,-';'.ai;vi the C^ipccfcoull-hfi:. 2. /*f.ir/j, a Rciiion yielding CJold , and poise 'ed
by /(ifl/rtif/f ; wiiii thciwoKingdomei'ot 3. Luc.tch, and 4. ,'/</««»-; all ihreeagunU the Illcs of

Jjt/U, fio:n whic',1 ii-L'odM.UU.

But the are sell lirjit .vc have to Ice by in o this dark buiniefs,is by the Voyages and Adventtires of
ihe.V/»t;:Mr,;/.-,emp:ovcJb) th.tvvo Vice-Royes of /'<•»/ and c^fcv.'o, is before w.isfaid. For in the
yei.r iS4^ the Governor of iVnvo'p/i;« then being, lentrj/^ Lil'o! v/'v.h a h'lect towards the /1/»-
luccosy who in tha- Vo 'Sj^c made a Diicoveric ofa rich and llouriilung Countric which h ; named Nn-
v>t GitiH.a, iiy oV.w:> liiice hi,; time called lerradc P!t:citiMcoli;iv\d in tlie year 1 56 ,' , dtilro the Lkm-
tiate, then \'icc-il'i; of "r//, lent a Fleet from Z,.w.t, which under the tonduel ot /-.9~*i O.irciade
C'firo. dixovcied the ll-".:s oiS'.lomon. To which if we liibjoin the iucccls ot tli * } hlltnders in the
Dilcovery of yrami U M.iirc , and the Land.: adjoinin«. The belt Dcl'criprion we can make of this
Southern' Conrmeti , muiibeinihc Chnrographyand Hlliory of their Advcnrurcs; vii,. i. Terra
del Fo;^o , 2. /iipjL SoL-nioi:is , ^. Nov.i Guinea: beginning tirlt with 7'ac.i J^/ fo^^a , becaufe near-
ell to us.

1 . TERJIA DEL ri/FGO, lies on the other Tide of the Sireij^ht of .1%?//j«r .heretofore thought to
be apart oWcr, ,t Atij:r.ilis f..ca^»it;i , or the Southern Continent, but is now difcovered to be an
Hand by one J'lcob Af.iyreoi Amllerc^-im, accompanied by ( oritelnis Schmen oi Horn, boih Holldii-
dcrs. Theyb gin their Vovag" on ihe 1^ ofJ;/«<, Anno if5iS. and on the 1 9 of JrfwM^rr follow-
ing they fell even with the Stni'llt oiAUg^ Lm. On the 24 ot the lame Month they had the fight ot

ano-

ftrnli).

■^■A

,JS*

lOpl

TE^^A I3\CC0Cj3\CJTJ.

Ii.fuU
^olomon.

§■■

aiioilicr 5/r?ij/ », wluch iceiiied loUuarjic tins itrrMtici t-ntg^unww mc icli ot the StHihimiortiitenti
and on the i5 iheyenrredinto it. That ;.irt ofthe Land wliicli( hcingcntrcd into the 5«>«|/»<uhey
hadonthe VVc(t,they called Itrr.iAUii'.V' lit N^jfmv, ilui on tlic \.i[\y^tAttnl4nd,i\\z Strci{',tit itlelt,
^"^^^^ hreium t* Muire. I he entrance into the Strei^ht tiicy t'ound to be in 5 ^ de|;recj of Southern LdiitniU,
and JO Minutes; the Waters running into the North- Sea wiili lo \ iolcnt an Lddie^ Ut advtrfHm mmu
tflum (Uffii-nhirfitftrtirt ptjpimM, faith he, who in the way 01 jouniiil or I [htmtridti , hath delcribed
the whole courle of . .lis Voyai;e. In the whole coun'e whcrcot no.lnn;> lb much olMcrvable ( belidc.
this Dilcovery ) as that they found that tt their coming ho.nc they had loll a Jay ( at muli needs hjii-
rcn onto fiichjai in lb tedious a voyage had travelled VV'oH ward ) that bcin^ Sutu>d.ty to ihein which
Yvas Sunitnj to the HoUanf'trs, and the reU ot Eurojit ; thou;^h they had calculated the days Hnce rticir
poin'; cut with all exailnefs. J>o that it there were any Inch t^loralHj in the SMbbmh , as fomc mcu
pretend, thefe men mull either keep their Sabbath on a dirterent diy from the reli of .their Country-
men, or othetwifetocomplicwiththemi mini be guilty ofthe breach o*^ the SMith all the rcli of
their lives. Butof this more at Urge ellewherc. I o return therefore to this .i»r»//Ar, it is laidiolw
levenDMrribmiles,or iSofourginlengtlhand cfafairand equal breadth; plentifullofgood H1I1 ; e-
Ipecially of Sea-Cahfs and Whales. About the inrcrtingol which Strtigk into the third Fdition of
my Aficrucefm., 1 lecci i ed a Letter at fuch time as the Parliament wai held in 0am, Am. i6i<s lublai-
ix-d 6'. fl.and a liale under \hit, Sut ftr^ndM fttridui : which whether it were ihs Gentleman^ Afttto ,
or the Anagram o\ \us nime^ I am not able to fay , having never heard more of him from that tiire
forwardsi though his Jetires wcro latisfied in the next Edition of (hat work. " For my cncoiirajjcircnc
«< wherein l>e ga;c me this oirection followin<», The News (faith he) of this New Smighi coming in-
'■'■ 10 SfAiHy it pleated liiat Km^in the year i6i8 to fend and learch whether the iruth'werc anfwera-
" blc unto the Report. And hnding it to be much broader than the other, an I not above (even Dmch
•'miles long; decreed, that being the more eatie and rompcndious way tor Navigators, and lets lub-
*' jert to dangers; his Auxiliary Forces fhould be lent thai way into the I'-iJi Indies, to defend to Ph'»
.i Unpins and /l/e/«rf*Ilands,andihe way by ihe (apt of f^ood Hopt to he leit. In regard that every I uch
" voyage, requircih twice as much time : beiidc; iho vjii.iyot wind;' and oUcn change of the Air ,
" not only troublclom,but lull ot.'ifeafes, conlumctliiiic one luH of the men belote they return.
" Whereasthis way gaineihti^e(«nd if need be, ihcy may difpatchbulinelsin the//'// as they travel
" into the £<>y?)without any exaaordinary djnj-.er or lolle ot men. So far ilu- vf rywords ot my letter.
The intelligence givrn me ui this Letter, I find conlinn'd in a KrUiian of t!ic N'oyage rhadc by Ciptaia
Don luMd* i^ltre^ jinno i c i S.at thccommaiKl and cliar^e ofthe King oi Spain, who prclVnily arm'd
and furnifh'd eight tall Ihi s to lend this new way imto his I'hilijTinci and Mohiccoi , under the con-
duit oiPttritt Michaelis de CordteltH, Since it hath been found by cincriencc, that even from our parts
tothc A/tf/«ff«f> through this fr««w(^rcJlf.i;r^, isbut a palla',',eofci^ht moneths • Sine ulU tnji^nt
tiAvigamium clade, laith the Narrattr. But of this Ifrcight enough, to laii'sHc my nnkpown well vniiert
requcit , and enform my Reader •• extremely lorry that the Gentleman was not plealed to impart his
name , thatlbhis memory might havelived in theic Papers, if they themlclves be dcHinaic toa lon-
ger lite.

Nowforthenatureof the foil, it is faid to lie very full of Mountains; but thofe Hills apparelled
with woods, intermixt with Vallics; thcValliesfor the molt part full of liitle IWook} which tail down
from the Mountains , and atlord good palUiragc; the Sca-coalts well provided of Hays and Roads, not
imfafe for fliipping : though the Air every where, but chiefly near the Sea , be much t'ubjciJt toTem-
pclls. As tor the People, they are laid to be of a white complexion; but their Face, Arms, and Thighf »
coloured with a kind of Oi^'r: ot tuU Itature and well-proportioned, their hair black, which they wear
long to fcfm more rcrrible. Themcnmolt generally naked, ihe women only fluded on their fecrec
parts, with a piece ofLeather.

Towns they have none, qorsny Habitations \vhi;hderervc the name of houfes; fo that the moft
which wccan doeis loCoali the Hand. In which w find towards ^/^JVi/f/A^oar;, i.A large Armof
the Sea, called i^frfifl </fi\.?ri.»/?»V«x. 2. The Cape of S. Ivei. 3. Monritius land. ^.licmoKtonodt
4e h^en Sujeio^o: ihtdpco': Go0d Succefs. Oppolue whercunto in another Hand is the ( a;e ofS.
i?««r(/'o/o»;«f/; anJ betwixt them the Streight called frffrtw/f/l/d/rf. Theninthc NevSom^ Seu ^ as
theycallit, there are 5./W»wf/«]nand.6.ThcllandsofS.//i;/<'yfl»/<(. y.Ctpt Horw on a fair Promon-
tory, in the South- well Ande: vvhich doubled , the Country gocs along with a llrait fliorc, on
which I find Ibmeliayes and Capes, but no names unio them ; till we come to the Wellern entran-
ces ofthe Sireight of MageiUn , oppofue unto Cape Ftliori* , fo often mentioned.

i.I NSV L,JL SOLOMONIS,oiiheVim6sofSokm>i, arefituateonthe Weft oi Terra
del Fofo , 1 1 degrees on the South ofthe fquino^lia/. Difcovcrcd in the year 1567. bv Lopes C^rcia
<<<C'»^)o,lentby the Vice-Roy of ^rrx to find out new Countries. By whom thus named, in hope
that men would be rather induced to inhabit in them; imagining that Solomon had his Gold from.
ihcfe Lands oi Ophir.

In number they are many, but 1 8 the principal • Some of vvhich 300 miles in compafsjothert 200,
and otfiersofihem lels, till we come to fifty , and beneath that, none. All liberally furnifhed with
Dogs,Hogs,Hens,Cloves,Ginger,Cinamon,andfome veins of Gold. The chief of thde eighteen
arc , 1 . CuAdalcanal, fuppofed to be the greateft of them; upon the coalt wherco*' :';' Spaniards iailed
150 Leagues, where they found a Town which they burned andfacked, ''c^t -"i the People of
it in a ludden furprirc, had killed fourteen of their men. j. ^.Ifabtlla ly ;frr.;ues in length,

and

Not. a
Cui/if,t

and I yinbrciuihiilic Jntubjtinij)loiiic blitk)loiiic wlii(c,ioUiCoibf(»wntoiii^.lcxi()ii. j.ITA/iWrff,
1 CO Leagues in coinpais-, inhabited by a People wliich arc black ot hue, but laiJ to be morc'wi ty thjn
the other Salvages. All otthem (it uatc betwixt Uie Strajjlitsot J/<«j{f//<»»,and the Handset Ihetvrj -,
and yet rot well agreed upon amongll our Authors, whether tobc actompted Hands , or a '.M.-t ot the L^^^^
Oniinem: The ^'p4»irf)(/j having' tailed 700 Leagues on the Coalls hereof, and yet not able if. at-
tain unto any certainty. Butbeingthey pai'.e generally in atcompt tor Hands, and by i!iainame.ire
under the Vice-Koyot7'#r«, who appoints their (jovernours, let them pat c follill.

^.T^^OTji GUINEA lycih beyond the Hands ot'iWaw^w, in rclpecl ol us , proceeding; a? tvo
have begun from the Land ot I ire. Diko^credtasbctore waslaiJ,-^». 154 ?.by r/,7//,o^9j ( JlcntrA
attributes the dilcovery of ir to A IvArtt. dc :>)Hividr a, ind \eii 11 h'y^}\ri inilieycar 1 527. ) r.oreper-
feiily made known, it 1 guefs aright, by t'tmandodt ilwr. Who beinj',feiu wiih twi.Shiis tomaK^-a
morelulldifcoveryofthc //-«»<ii<>/.WBwo»i, and takiushistoiufc about the hfii;lit of tl.e M.i.itllvi
firetf^htt^Aikowtcd a main Land loining up dole to the iAliii*inoili>tli on the Coalls whcrcoi lie I.. •
led too Leagues, till he loun I himlelf ai lalt in the LMnudt ot 1 5 Degrees, dilcovcrin", a lar^e li.iy in-
t,Q which tell two great Rivets, where he purpoled to (ettle a y/4«.i»/»«, and to that end prcionied a
I'ciiiiontothc King oi.VPd/x.This Country 1 conceive by the (itc .ndpoliticjnol it \«\y: A.ti^iiMmeti,
cominjj up dole as that aoih, to the «x£i7«'W//W ; and atier turning to the South toward; ilic /n-
fiek^oiC»fricarm^ where it joyneth With tyl?.i/«Mr. And lakmj; it tor grained, as 1 iliink 1 mjy, 1 iliali
aflord the Header this DcUription of it, out of his iJ^/«».>o»i.i/j ; in which ii is lohcrly alHr.-ned toh^
a7'«<'r«y?>'w//'<r4<i//#tbrv»calthandp!ealures. The Country plentitull oflruitsfef-'WJ, Almoml'
ef four lortt, Pum citrem, 'Dm*s, iV^.tr- f .(»«, and tyfpplts . plenty ot Swine, Coats, Hens, Pat'; -ei ,
andtxhcr 1 owl, with Ibmc Kinc and A'wjffi*//. Nothing in!'cri'>ur( as it Iceii.eth ) to 6«.«^.«, in'ihc
Z,*«i«/A^r|r»«;aod from thence fo named. Poi , shetaiihjlic lawamongH thcniviUcr and Pearls,
and lome told him of Gold i the Countries on the* ill leeuiingtopronMic inuth iciKiiy within the
Land. The Air he tbund to be whole and tctnperau-r ihe Sea lliorcs to be full ot />.i;>f, /J.ivchs, and the
£*«/ofKiNers,makingfliewasofanotherC/i(»f '. I he Inhabitants he .iriirmeth 10 be mnumcralile ,
Tome n/j/ff, lome like tneyl/«/rffo/, others like the AV^re; ; di\erlihed in Habit , as v\cll as C.oloiw,
Their bread made of three lorts of 'i^w/ without tio\ernuicnt, but not vvithont JliUfion ; tor tl.cy
had their leveral Or<«Mr/« and places of burial, but neither King, nor Laws, nor Art^. Divided by that
want, and indayly wars with one aDOther; their Arms,Bows,Arrows,andorher weaions,but all nui;c
oi wood. t)f this Country, whatfoever it was (if not Nova (jnine* ) he took j odcllioii in the name of
ihe C4i/,'fl/»i^<King,andlct upbothaCrtf/iandar/^^pr/in it j the Chapel dedicated to the Lady of
L»r€tt0.

The prcciic lime of this Difcovtrf I have no wlierc found, but that the time fpcnt about it is by him
aHltmcdtobc 1 4 years, to the no fmall endamagement ot his health and iortl1ne^ Nor doUindthac
any care was taken of his I'tiiiion^i any thing elle done by others inpurluance ot his Propojitio'u.V^hc-
therit wcreon any of the rcalonsbetorc laid down; or that there was nocredit^iien to his attiima-
tions, 1 determine not. Nor Hnd I that he gave any names to the llaiei or I'runtDmor.c, as he t alVcd a-
long; but cither took fuch names as were given bc'ore, or found not any thint; worth then.iiniri: And
lot luch nair.es as were given before Chill taking I erMnundo <j>«;»'jnew Country for NovaO'mnc/i) we
finda Ptonioniorie called Crfpt //frwc/ijintlie hall parts hetco! near the Land- f>r.>i;/'> wow, and not far
tromthe j^^aJtor. i.A.noiher in the VVellcrnpurt, but .linear the >ALqiiiHo.\ caiUd ''t'lKt I'rimiro.
A third in the firll bendings of the Coal! towards the Somli, called ^,ipfde Butna Dcjetida^ orthc Cnpt
oigetddefirts, 4. 'R^e dt I'^iiIcmics, ').Rio dt Lorer.1,0, 6. Rio dc i. ^Hgujiinoi on the tall ot Cape For-
»/o/fl towards the Sircight?. 7.TheRivcrsof S. /V;fr. 8.S.P.»</. 9, S.Wni^fw, And 1 o . S. J.'»wc^, be-
twixt Cape I'ormofo and Primiro.

but being there is little certain of thefelali dilcoveries , and the greatcll certainty wc haveofthac
liitlc, is nothing but a Lilt of names without any thing obicivaWc inthellateand liory of the lame,
they may Hill retain the old na.nc of /*>T4/»fo_^«/'r.». Andtheretbrelwill try rny fortune , and with-
out troubling theVice-Royesof P^rw , indMtxico} or takingout C<'fK»»<^;e"tora new Dilcovery,
will make a learch into this I'erra Auftrultt for fomc other Regions, which mull be tbund either here
ornowherc. The namesof which, i.Mundut alter & idem, i.Htopia, ^.'Netv Atl.wt s, <\.F.:irf
Land, 5. The Painters fyivet Jiaud, 6, The Lands of Ch'VAlrie , And 7. The New H'o' Id in the A/con.

i.MtlNDUS ALTER ET IDEM-, another world, and yet the fame , isa v^iity and ingeni-
ous invention of a learned ^'■*/«», writ by him in his younger dayi (but well enougl; brcoming the
anlleriiy of the graveft head) in which he diliinguiflieih the /-^tw, Pajj'ons, Humoitrs, and ill AjjetHont
moll commonly incident to mankind, into reveral/'r(>z/;w«;gives us theCfctriiftfrofearh, as in the
delcriptionsofa Country, People, and chief Cities of it . and lets them torth unto the eye in fucli live-
ly colours, that the vitious man may lee therein hiscwn 'Deformities , and the well-minded man his
own imperfeflions. The Scene of this dcfign laid by the Reverend Author in thisTrrr<« Affhaii,-. the
Dectrum happily prcfervcd in the whole Difctverj ; the nilc acutely clear, the invention lingular. Ot
whom and liis New tyorldl (hall give you that Eteiogie, which 'he W>i?flr»«i doth of //»«:«•, "Htc ante
ilium tjuem illi imitareiHr-, nt^. pofi tlhim qui turn imitari pojj'et invi^tiit efi, ,

i.Z;TO?/.<4isaCouniry firltdilcoveredby SirTfew^jyl/or*, afcer Lord Chtinctllor o^Fn^UKd-,
' and by him madeaSceneof a CwwiwiwM/rfc, which neither 5fl/<»«, nor L/<-««r^i»x, nor anv of the Lc-
^»/24fewofformer times did ever dream of; nor had been fancied by Pl»to, Ariftotle, TulUe., or any
who have written the Idaasdi form of Government , though not reducible to pra.'^ic:. Some of his
Plots we have took notice ofalicady> as x"«'> his device to bring Gold and Silver into contempt by

making

1.1

.j»4

TE 'J{^J / AC C Og^ 1 TA.

■ it'll'
t.

Ill Mil'.; 'JH'.iolc iiicials, l.liaiiH .ukI I eticr.. "or i;n;ir ALtU^.^con^ l'.:ns DttJoA-lloolsjtlambcr potj
.-.T I \ (•; els oH'a,.'i iiiKlc.inule i ry inirolmij u as a I'tnilcy on int'.in.ons pcrlons, to WL'jrGold Uiii"j

L/^'V " '"" ''"■''^ 1 iri'.'.ci.^ and tlic likedevui-v as alio hisdeviuc loi^rcvcni miKakes and dillikcsinmjria-
••;•■:. by fuin'-, tlic panics a lull \icwoteacli other, naked. .%iaiiy more projcih of ihis nature, I'ome of

I Jicni nollibic cnot)|;li ,Our lo m\n<iiikM$^ (o beyond hojc ol be in^, looked on in the n>Kdtlliug ofiCom
tK.vr.ve.aluthjii \\c may reckon this lifz/zcr amont^H thole Hrangelancics, fju^t >:unqnam .(nc* fft con
rr i.u rr , m Cf.rc ie>.tMu ci .v,t

I he man indeed (toniiderin;; the ii res he lived in) ot rare abilities;
liit tliis /^.' >,"'.! t:tt^ (i only t o the Mtr:di.t/i ot this Souil'tvn C.( niinent , this 7 irr,( Anilritlit l>ingni;a,
iiu\!i'i-ii now wo are. an,i to no place elie.

■),,N r.iy A I I.Ai\ I IS nan II and ot this. s'o«//i*»« Continent dil'coieted by Sir /■><»»«•// Ba-
((!..•, the learnc.i \ iconntci '^.ty'tlbai.s ; one ot Sir Ifjomat Moris liicceilors in trie place ot Lord
( bMudour^hM t\ir bclore him in the L\cellency and toalihilityothi; invention. It had this name with
K'.crcncc lo Att.i'.tui an Hand ct i he VVelkrn or >///^4'-«»V(^Occan, meniif ned in the Works oiPUte^
iiciili alike inviiiWc. lUit for hislallinj; on this lland,in3 deli:ript ion ot'it, the Ciry ofPen-Siltm^tad
I he ir"->ncr(/; lii-;ieccption tlieie J Inch handibm probabilities, and lb fairly carried, that to one not
aciiii.unuii .-. ii'; iic .s'./iff of ihc//'i"/^, it wouldieema 'Ajo/'^-liiita'.wvcall thin*;?, the invencionc
;ind ('c.'ij.'.n^o; s./i/wowj //»«/?, tor pcrlci-Hing the works of n.mirc , or rather imr-v-.i:'^ nature to the
heii advl'tuafesof liie , and the benefit ol mankind, arc beyond comparilon. li.c mail I muUctnfels
had hisper'.onal crroiirs(l Inow rnnc without ihem) of j^ood and btd qualities Ci)iJallycompuiindcd>
Aliires eiiisv!(tare& levitMe mixiijjlnii^i'i I'Mctculus once \i\i.\oi Pifo: roi one among!! manythoii-
lanJs( to piuiucihat Chaviitlcr )rj:ii autoiinm vtiliditis diUf^aii itr.i IacHimi fHJjkuitnt^ttio. Amanof a
n'.oliitrcn.; ii!.'.in .^nd nf /jp«/V/i/Hc:d. Who il he had been entertained with lomc liberal SnUriey
i\y^rii.\.cd'l■()■^\ all Atf-irs both ol St.itc and jiidicumrc, and furnillicd with liiiticicncy both of mean would, 1 amconlideni, have ^'iven us I'lith a body of n/itHral
//j./i/of/./'r, ::id iiM.:: i. lo lublcrvieiit to the publike uood,tlut neither ^Iriy/el/' or Theophrafliu a-
mor.;',!l the Aiuiciiii-, nur y'((n««//iw,orihc rclt of our later fhfmijlt, v/oiild have been contidc-
raWc.

4. f A y RIE L A N D 1 \s anc'icr part of this 7Vrr.» /wo^«/'r4;ilic habitation of ihe FunUs ,
a pretty kind oUmlc i lends ^ or /''.?'w<7 'J^tvUst but more inclined to Iporr than milchief , of which old
\"v omen, w!;o re'iember the i iines o\ Poptry, tell us many fine Itories. A cleanlier and more innocent
ciieat waineier put uponpo(^r i-jtorant people, by the /1/o«;(;/ and triers, i'heir habitat ion here orno
wl.erci thoiij'h lent ccca(ionallyT>y0^er(7«andihciroiher Kings to our parts of the World. I'oc-not
btiiv^ leckoned aiiwn^u i\wgood Angels, nor having', malice eiioiii;h to make them DevUt ( but fiich a
kind of raiJlini; Sprites, as the f.^imes caW J'tmnres l.arvt) we mull find out lomc place tor them, nci-
ihct Heaueii ot rieli ir i moli likely ;his. 'I heir Clountry never more enobled,than by being made the
.NVo/f oit'.iat cxcedcM I'oem.called the ?'<«"■'«■ i^«««. Intended to the honour of Ql'Ccn FUi^abeih,
and the i;ie.-iieit perions in her Conn t but fliadowed in Inch lively colours, framed lb cxSiStly
by the Rules of Pje'ie , and rcprefentin}^ liich Idi>u of all moral goodnefs ; that as there never
w.n .1 PoetKw.wc'^nifiCi.U; !o can no /•.»/'»■'<(/ dikourlCT.ore fafldon and inflame the mind to the
lo.eot viiine. h.vifiirHm f\icdius aUqHcm tjuamimilMnrxmi lliallbe Spencers Motio; and lol leave him
tohisrcli.

5.'llio P.ll\i'i KS II iniS II. AND-, isanllandofthis 7 /.'('/, mem loncd by Sir /A'-j/r^r RnUifrb.,
xnhn II[l!o,j oj il<e iiorld, ()l- which lie was inlormcdby Don Pedio de Sarmienta, i Spam(hC',cm\ct\nny
iiiiiUyedh\ his l.in;.;in rlantmp, I'oine Colonies on the Streighs of (J^'afrdlM, ( which we have
toiiwiied II, cnhciore )\\ liolKin;', i.ikcn Priloner by Sii nMier in hi^|,:oin;;home > was asked of him

out

(o:i.e !l.n:d whii-il !l

,1,

.iti7>i.:('i> i'.tionmiitl)! h.m an Hand o/'/jirr oii'«. I !r ir.e.niin|; was, that there was no (inh
' f-t ! leUnied, A r,d I I'car i he /'.'wrr.f iwYf lutl

: !,>::.:i i/i

oiii coiiniK n oK',(/)i, whicii arc not

ir.'.ny //.iff*.'/ and Inirc Countric-?
r.aily to be lound in ilic llrirtelt

e.I/'/'j I rcleme lin thole irrf/(;/;(/, and inii'ju have been of j;reai ule to
lu'iiinliisiipdertakin:,'. lo which he iiiernlyrcplicd.thai'it was to !i^ called die P.timersn'i-ues Ihnd,
ljyin;',.tliu Wiiilll the Painter diew ihat cJl'.i/i, his wile littinp, by- r/r^'Vi^/ /•;>>; ru/^wro; one Country for
her, ti'M jhe i,. '
l/.md 3!. iUc M.
i'ioi';H.n i;,e f
icrcl).

r.-.i t

{'.rnisabuiridty, biM Iretinent in ihofe kind oi irnte'S , who in liefcribim; ihc Adventures of their
Kiii;.;hrs-, indclt-i';hi olf,>»(rr,r^/wf(\M(h which indeed ihcy had no ac(;:iainiance ) have not onlydis-
joyiudCo.imrie-, which .ne near roi; t her , nnd laid top.eihcr (lo'.mincs which are far remote; but
;',:'.eii iisthec'ecri; linn f-f many JLutdi, Provinces -zrni inij'jiiy Kinodows, whicli as ihe ii ;',cnioiM Au-
ihi;r (■>; liie /////ctvot /Ju;; 0«/.vu , ir.i rrily ob(eneth,'t>Yf-r'/f(/ic/(-'(//,,/'>)<»//i/if Map. (>• ihis lort is
ill. Ilk ot .:a>im..,in in Sir UtiontA Pindeaux ; the Pirm l!.i>:d\\\\\\c Hilioiv of Atn.idr ileUnul; thc

! J.._ 11 1 __ 1 .1. . .■ 1 .. ., • . „ , ..-..., I ,.■!.•.. / II.

liic I..-1XDS OF ( fliTALRlli zrciiKl] JI,!nds, Pr6vii:ces Mid Kinirdomi, in the Hooks of" lir-
y . vvr.ich have no bjin;' in .iny t^nnn'n part of die ll'orl.l , and therefore mud be loujji! in thi-r. A

iudden linn !, ,ind ili.n ofihe.sv^f A/mrt inS. /'rt/wfr/«of/>(j/<«K<f ;thc.llaii Jsof /,»W.(>-rt?.(t , and thc
Div'i'jh raiwo, Willi th • Kinudfim of /,;'-4(of which ihe Aniitz.oni.tn I.ady Archi'ikr^t wa ; the righitull
Q"..:-'n ) ui.l T.any oilci'; ol ih.it kind in the AUrrvur r)\ K'nirtlthiicd , and divers ot like nature in
P.tlnifr.n d: O/iva, Prin/.ilioth and P>elianis of Greece, lit ifniiis, the Sfimdnir p( Romances , and indeed ,
whonotofail \\\nRaihlt'f Handloirely humoured liy /1/'t/i '«■/(/<• CrT/./KfrJ in his Hand of Barntn-
'■•', o; vvhichiiic tainoiis.S'/iwf/io /'.(KfrfwasromerimesCovernour , and th' K ""dom of /I /.i ow/ri;-
'•'. Andyc! I cannot but conlelW for 1 have lieen apreat Stiidcni inthcleboi of ("//r.f/r/ir ) that
tneymay Ijc olvtryi^oodiiie to children or yoiin^j boys in their AdgUfcency, lor bcddes that they

divert

, TE^^ i3^coq:^Cir^A.

109")

■ Kr-
. A
ideir
n\y liis-
bia
:ius Ah-
(nrt is
«(«/; ilie
nd the
ghitnU
aiurf in
indeed,

! comic 0-
'le ) that
lar they
divert

divert liie windfrom worleto.^iuiions, tlicy pertc't hi.nih.u take |i'iea'.iire 111 ilicin in ihe way «'
rtaSn^i lic;.;et in iiim an habit ot/;ir<i/7«ij5 and m.i/n.'ic liim many iini.'s to tiich Iiij^li tdnc^jnions as tc-
a'.ly may nuiic him lit tor great uiuicnakinf^s.

7. IHE ■UEiy IIORLD IN IHc CMOON, was lirll of /.WMwdikoverin;- a man o: eminent
parts, but as ill a conlcience, apollatizin}; troin the i'aiih in which he was bred. Arijhvluuits lud be-
torc tcj'.d lis in one ut his Comedies ot a VV^f/!/W«otc;^i.<i nraCity of Cuckocs in the Clonds. I'.iit
X"fM« was the lirli whot'ouiuiom this iV^iv/fui/iiinibc ALon; ot which , and ot the Inhabitants
oiii.1 he .ilVordcth lis inoncothis Z)/.r/o_^«r/ a lOiKcited (htraHu-. IJut nt late times, iliatwotKl
which hcih(.Te/'«''C'f<i)an.i pionoiedbiu as a (.vilj nn\y , i-ibeL') rxa inatitroia inore/ir.'«/i dcl/Mc:
and lomcliavc laboured wiihj;r> at rains to make u I'tobable - that there is anoiiier iiorld in tiie
tjirioon-, inhabited as ihi.; is by pcrlons otdivers l.,mgii.i(tu ( ujtoMs, Pulities^ and kciigions -. and more
than (o, ibinc means and ways propolcd to conlidcration iur maintaining an inienomli- and commerce
betwixt that and this. Hut bein^ there arc like endeavours to (Jtovc that tiie i-arih m/ty be ,1 1'Linety
why may not this Souibem C eminent be that I'Uncty and more pariitiilarlv that (^loon , m which this
other n'orid'is Uippofed to be ? Certainly there arc llrongcr hopes ot hndins^ a Nov itar/d in this Vcr-
r4 ^#«y/r.i/»i, than in the liodyol that /'/^»«; and luch ^icrhaps as mi^ht exceed both in protitand
ple'aliirc i he later difcozxriei ot Americd.

Bin I amnodircJUraocrofinduHryan.l inj.^cniiity, which I love and honour wherelocvcr I find it.
I know -jrcat I'iMth: have many times liccn liaried upon lels frt(nmpiions. Nor would 1 be millook ,
asit iniuy piirfutc otthis7irr<«/wfl(rwM, I put Icorii on any ot"y«^//w*j' thoughts; or that I would
have any man lb much in love with the prefent ii'orld, as not to look for another iVorld in the fitavin
alx)vc. It i» reportcd,that in (omc controverde liei wixt the PoUndcr and the Duke ot'Mufcovic, the
Kin^ of I'tUnd Cent the Aiufcovhei curious Clal>e^ reprclenting the whole Heavenly Bodie;? with the
particular moiionol each Icveral Sphere. To which the yW«/l«j/Vcreturiied this unworthy Aniwtr,
TiMWi'JbiCalu.'Ti w»fr/j 5 Ktddemihi Veins de^MihuscomendimHs; You rcndme//Mt/r») I'aiihhe, buc
that will not latistie> iinlelsyou^ive me back (hole />'<'>^which.ue now inqiiellion. And much I
icar there arc too many of this mind, who would not lole their part on F.arih for all Heavenit
Iclf. Whom 1 ddlrc) if any liich pcru(ethele Papers, tocon(ider> that as much as the molt llourifli-
in^ Country which is here defcribcd, doth tall lliort of that Paradife wherein fJod placed our Father
Adam, lb much .iiid inlinitely more did that Earthly Paradife fall rfiort of the unlpeakable glories of
the Kingdom o\ Heaven, To the diligent and carcfuU Icarch of which Heavenly Kingdom I heartily
commit the Header : not doubting but the Works of C O D which are here prelentcd, and that vicijfi-
tudt of Humane atf^airs which is herein touched at, may prompt him to lomc I'crious thoughts of that
mighty 6' OD who made all thcli; Works, in whom is no fliew aoz fhttdoxv of change. To'whom be gi-
ven all Glory, both in thii iVorld, and that to come.

QjiictjuiJ enim Lanx f^remio comfteiiitur Orbit-,
PermutJtv>iriati]He vices, trepidu^uetumnltn
i^jhiitt-, & nuntjuam fenttt pars una tjuiciem.
Nam mit it fefe, & civiH vulnerefemper
Ant cadit, ant perimit ; aliitjne renafcnur ore,
Rurfus Ht intereafyfc non eft omnibus unum
Partibus ingemiem, non vis nativa. Sed Orbes
AllritVri, (^ nitidi fubtimis Regia Cxli
Imniunis fenii, & vultu immutabiUsuna
Perpetuumfeivat filida & lincera tenor em.

The Vcrlcs are (j. Fuchanant, in his Book De Sph-rr.i.
conclude this Work.

Which 1 ihustranilaic, anJ iliefcwuhall

'Ihc n'orld bene.ith the Afoon'm (liapcsdoth varic,
And change iroin this to that ; nor can it tarlc
Long in one Hate but with it I'elf doth jar,
Kils , and is kiird> in cndlclsCivil war.
New form'd again, 'tis but to die. The frame
Ncidicr oi Bodies nor of Minds the fame.
But Tt)nt above the Spheres , the. llcavensonhigh,
In which GOD reigns inglorious Majelly,
Tree iiom old Age, unLhang'd,an 1 o; one face,
Alwai^'sprelentsit ielfinec]ual Grace.

^^(onmkis^ Domine, non nobis., fed ^^(mini tmdetwriylom*

FINISJ

ifefti*'

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. > Is.

jj^k

x; .'

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hV;vAV)">v\\. :i imw>^' . 'Vi^ n^^^^^ «q« , v;;"inoO .-•. Wmw^V,

.2 1 V, V '1

'■> j \ >

A Tabic of fomc principal things herein contained, not
properly reducible to the other two.

A. I

AB*des^ a ftrange beaft.the ,
Rhinoceros of the Anci- j
ents 888 :

Ahajfmet , by whom converted !
976. their Heterodoiies and 0- 1
pinions ihii \

Abiltne, the Tetrarchy ofLyfani- '■
4«,whereitwa570i7i8. why|
itckonedLnkp i- amongft tbei
portions of Herod's Children
701
Al>jdia bcfiegcd by Philif of|
MMidBH, ic in diftreflc, is tired ;
by the Inhabitants.who likcwifc ,
flew thtmfelve<i65}. betrayed I
lince to the Turks by theCio-
vernours dau^jhter ihid.

Ati4mitet,why fo cailed,and what
4 JO by whom deftroyed ib.
AdolfhutlV Earleof^fr^.ftiutj
up in an Iron veffcl and mifera-
bly Hung to death by Ree« 411'
Adriatic kzSe* ,whenieithad the
name 122. the great extent
thereof in fome ancient Writers
ib. married to the Duke of Ve-
nice every holy Thurlday ih
Advife of an old Cafique to Co
lumhus 1 097

a/4:o/««,why made the God ol
the Wmdes «o

t^/CoriwrW«w,what it was.how
highly prized, and how occalio-
ned 587

t/£f»«,the violent burninps 01
it. 83. and the caufe thereof 84
>fyVif<i, whence it had the name
93 1 , 93 i. the eftate of Chri
ftianity in it , how much de-
cayed. 933. the feveral Im
guagei therein fpoken. ivtd
1 be monftrous thing* reported
of it by fome of 'be ancienti
932
^l^rfrw, Prince of £(/fjf4 ,his mef
Jape to our Saviour 789

^/%f«/f»,\vhat they were , and
why (o called. 226. The fumme
and lubftance of their ftory 225 ,
226
yf/f<ir<i«, the book of the Mahime
tan Law, why io called 77g.how
higlily reverenced ik. I he Do-
dnnals thereof reduced, e^c. re-
duced nnto eight Command-
menti it-

Alfonfini, Tables by whom com-
piled, and the coft beftowed in
the compiling of them 272
jlllitfi»H,9(i French Gentle- man,

concerning the caufe of their
civil broils

179
Almans, from whence io called,

396. oi what feveral Nations

they confined 429. their affairs

and ftory. H,.

A/madud,tbc(6n o(foekta»,vilwe

mott probably fixed « 1 1

A/ci's a precious Wood,worth its

weight in filver 908. Aiocs Zo-

cttrinn, from what place it

comes 1 00 1

Ama>a,i Mountain in lA^thiopia,

defcribed 980

y4»4^«/, why fo called i45.their

dwelling place it. 848. the fiim ,

and fubftance of their affairs 64$! Antitch , the (ame wkh RUlath
y^»w^f>-, where it grovveth , howl 694. itsftory 696

guheied.andrhe vertues of it,' ^wfom'.what they are in Gv.-o-

% 11. Amber liifuid 1053' graphy 24

/^wmtrf, not known to the An- Antonitu Army in difc ffe, re-

cients loit. by whom firft dif- lievedby the prayers 01 Chrfti.

covered 1012.1013. the people! ans 454

of ii not fo black as the Afri-' Afe»nage,vih3t 177

cdns 1016. that they arc dtC- Archerj.whtremoR paftifcd in

cended of the TdrMr/ ib. The elder times 827 CeK^remiJfi,

eftate of Chriftianity in it ibid, good Archers 5 iS ilic exicU

The ingenuity of the people int ..fcncy of the£»^/<;* it it S27.

their Feather pidures iciS, whether Guns, ur that that to

one of Spino/a to Maurice
Prince of Orrfw^f 68 oi Richard
I. totliePop.,wriiing lor the
Releafnifnt of the Bifhop of
Beauvotsiii. of (he Contjne-
rour concerning Ins impiifo.
ning ol B Odo 19a of Dx.Daie
to the Sjanijh Lommifliuners
76S

Anticjyam naviget , a provt-b,
and 1)1 whom pplicable 593

Antipodes, what they are 24. The
tc.iet touching them decided by
fooce of the ancients ib' con-
demned of Herefie in the dark-
er times of the Church ib.

Amethjfl, a precious (lone , and
the vermes of it 647

Amianthus , a ftone whereof
(loath IS made 6 1 5. whiih Gain-
ed, is cleanfed by fire ib.

Amphi^ynet , what they were,
and ot their Authority 593

Amphifcii,v)[\y focailed.and wda:
they are in Geography 24

Atnjclos plentinm peraictit , a by-
word, and from whence it came

AmjrU infanit, tn old proverb.the
meaning and occsfion of ic 77

Anabaptifi cuts off his brothers
head lOj. their furies and pro-
ceeding in the Citie of Mnnfier
476. their demands in the inlur-
re^tion of the Boors 542

/^»<f il^tm, the name of a Gigantiae
raceof men.and why given unto
them 729

Ananim, the father of the Hama-
nientes, an Afritan people 1 3

' Anirtnidiuf , an old by word,
and the meaning of it 617

^MfWrr/, whence fo called 116
buried whileft alive ib.

Annals, what they are 20. & how
they differ from Hiftoriet ib.

Anpmer, a feeling one of an Bng-
/i/t captain to a fcoffing de-
Duud of thc/riw^i79.a fmart

be preferred ib.

Aram the lo.. of.fcw, the founder
o ttic .^i'i.>HT9 084 A\<i large
extent of that name m Holy
Scripture ib.

Areopagitet. v/hni they were, and
from vvliei.ce fo calltJ 590

Argonauts , who they were , and
whence fo denominated 602
their expedition into Cckhu ib.

Argefies , great (hips of bi'tden.
Whence they had their name 554

Ariamnes, a Galatian feaded the
whole Nation for a year toge-
ther ib.

Arijiomenis, Hrange efcape out of
prilbn 589

AriHoile, the Precurfor of Clirift,
in rebut naturalibus 2. why he
conceived the Woild to have
been eternal ib.

yfriM.theHeretick his diflimula-
tion and death 93 '

yfr4.ofiVo<rfc, where made 788.1(1
what place it tsftcd after the
floud 7.8.830.

Armadilla, a flrangi beaft in A-
merica, 429. the defcription of
it 1018

Armenians , in what point they

differ from other Chriftiana,

799. how, and by whom their

Church ii governed ib.

liiii Jmu

11,

■11
r

H"^'-^:*

^"1K

A TABLE.

'&■

111' T

l\i

:rh

y/,v*.., wli^ iwlKilcU 62.bv\vhofn!
Ji:li:i;uJr!..rf.'. ^S'^i why thole
<■; J-HoLnci I'lvc (Hace in tlie'
i.'.nic f/a(/)(^«t6tlvj Aims of

y1rih.ix.ul tl^e (nilier of the C/i.(/- ;

OP, calld yin-.:;>(if//V«,ib. and;
787'
^yrt/^i , a Sp.iiiifJj mcafure , ihe
' content thereof 1044'

Jrvijun, ^Vi -es r.i'Jth celebrated
67:. in whit phce they I'irow il>.
yfr'wuL /, f.c.itfcl a Count of the

not of all the tons of A'm/) 16.
the l.inp;uages occafiontd tlicn,
not 72 in number', ashyfpme
fuppofcd 9. the Oupendious
greatneirc of the Projcft f 8 j

Rabjlon

BmcIik) , called AIuoniM

HnipirL- by the r.mperour Ro- !
d'lfh.-u, and attcrw-irds Lord ■
Arundel o( H'ardour y by King ,
Janus ?44,

^y/4,whence To cafled at fi'ft 659. 1
the fevcral notions of the word, !
and in what fenfe ufed in hOly I
Scripture 6^1. the eftate ofj
ChiiiUanityinit 640.amongft|
whom divided ib.\

Askcihii., the Ton of Conicr , firlt ;
letled m liithpti.i and PhygiA ,
minor 14. 642,054!

Jisjcndiu Citkirifu ,_ a proverb, |
and thw tr.eaning of it 665 1

yfjfrtr , the fon of Sem , where
planted 9. 787. the Afjri-
atis defcended of hirr. //>. why
fo cafily conquered by all Inva-
ders 794
.Athens 5S3
Jtiila , the H»n , why called Fla
gclltim Dei ily 545. hisbloudy
end, j^. his Coat of Arms 549
^«ff«r,and Arusfex^how theyj
diifer 795. whence they had
their names ib.
^in^^^uftane CoufcJJio', vrhy To cal-
led 42S by whom , and where
confirmed 428.43 z
St. Auguftwes tart reply to an A-
theHfical demand. z.thrOrdtr
oi Friers by him foundec^ r 14
AHguflus , or an Eflfay of the
Means and Counfels, by which
he reduced the Commbn-
wealth oiRemt to the ffate of
Monarchy 44
Aiiipniflra, what it meaneth.and
thereafonofit 79}
AuUa, Tapeflries, why fo called,
and by whom invented 656
Au^rafia , wi.ii Provinces it con-
tained, when firft made a King-
dom 424. the (lory and Kings
thereof ib.
AuftyalisiiicogmtatXhc vaft great-
nefTeofit 1091. why not yet
difcovered . ' it.

Aid, the attempt oncly of
(ome bold advcnturii^f,^ii4

7«S
why
659
Btiltarts, why fo t liled 284

Bitltiik^Sc.i , why fo called 489.
why It doth not ebb and flow
like other seas ib.

Bathes not permitted by the Eni-
perour Adri.tn to be ufed pro-
mifcuoully by both Sexes 165.
The inconvcnicncy ariGng from
that intermixturi; ib.

Batiildt A/m in A, and the fuccclfe
thereof 147 between the Si^r-
mati.tnsSct\)e\T (laves 51 J. 518.
of Kenjiure 544. of LefMta
616. the laft betwixt Alexander
and Dariiu, King ofPer/i^ 788
5i/c/A«w,mentioned (7iv«/ a. 1 2. 1
what conceived to be 819
Se.'ufort, why made the furname
ot" the Children of lohn of
Gaunt 197

Bel and Baal, whence the names
derived 792. why called .£f/<,f-
bub, the Lord of Flies 727
Belertfhontii Literal, aby-vvord,
the occafion of it 661

Bel^Xfihe valianteftof the(74//.f
in the time of C.^ar , and for
what reafons 3O0

BcneditHnes, or bl4ck.MoMkj , by
whom inftituted 1 1 5. their ha-
bit and increafe ibid.
Berrie , abundintJy ftored with
Sheep 205. Charls the 7t'i. in
deriflon called King of Bcrrii-
tbid.
Be^ar,t\\t Soveraign nature of it
1018. found in the belly of a
bead, called the Vicague ibid.
that of Chiu.t , and the Eaft
more excellent than chat of
America ' 864
Bifljof of J;>4/.(/o,,ihi5 Levity, Apo-
l>acy, and death 5 j 3
Bijhopt cooEval in moft places
with Chriftianity 36,171,175,
301,488,575,710,922. how,
and why hated by the Bifcanes
256. and the ill confequehts
thereof ib. Rifhops not anci-
ently tnterdided from the AAs
of War 709
Blacky Friers t or Bominicans > by
whom founded 115. vy{iy fo
called . ib.
Blind&cLame, mcn^iopi^ i<^<f^-
56. what they' were ^9^ grb*
bably ' , 7ij
Bos in lingua, a proverb i m
- M origin^ pljt

Botiliiu his (Irange adventure

Br.tchm.iws, whac.tljcy wcic a-

monglf (he Indians 87S. their

authority and courfe of life ib.

fuccceded in the firft by the mo-

^ dern Br.m.incs ib.

Br.icca, what 142

i Brachjgraphiifit the Alt of fliort

I wrinng , by whom iirft ^i^n<

I ted ^i

Brit.ti» , from whence the najjC

probably derived a94.not (n,cn

Brutus ib. that there, lyas no

fuchman, pi oved »^, Sowl^ern

parts thereof caj^d England

295. Its plenty 4nd pi;na(i)«cts

britfly fet forth i^. '.Plenty of

Mines therein 297. and number

of Parks ib. Its Se^^ Hjored with

fifti 398, 3 6 1. Quantity of flcfh

fpent in one t. icie thereof 298.

Chriffian faith planted therein

by whom 3 o 1 .firft peopled Quc

o^G.iul ' 397

Buceutaur; j 46

Bur^uniunStVllvj fo fa|^d 222.

when firll converje^ , tp the

faith j^thcir affairs ^nd flory ib.

Bifvairters.iiivai of '.hi^jr. Ci|^o«Qcs

I , . C.

C/L/Iir .the name i|t^rilpf(he
Roman Emperours 59. after
of the defigned Succeflbur
ib the unfortunate end of
raofV of the 60. lalt^sC*-
ftr'i tkape at rharus 924
C<tfar Borgia , fon of Pope Alex-
ander the fixtb, after divers
changes of fortune where flai;i
251
Calaii taken by the Englifli , and
retaken by the French , ivjijen
188
Cales taken by the Earl of jE/f a-.

Caliph , the name of ^hc JSji^tccl-

foii of Mahomet 780. tUe fuc-

ceflionofchem 78o,5r8^,937

Caloirs, what , and where ieated

604. their number, and qif t^ctci-'

ofhfe ; ib.

Cambyfes his ppefent to tjic KJP}?

oi %/£thyofia , vvjth ibe Kipfis

anfwer return'ii 985

Campi Catalaiinici , wher 1 1 5

CanesfepulchrAles, whaf), 830

Capuam ejje Catift.ti A^mjifU , a

byword, andtbe ^ffi^u^i^ 9^

it : ' 79

C^uchin Fr jers, Uy wbpm fift^jOr

(tituted.andwh^fo called. 116

Cappadofi^ (,et)etal)y Ip IfVvdi

t^a^ tUy g|«w 9 byyTortl '^49-

not onely iporaiiy Viif^f4r 'm

ndti^f i% veaoojiQUi ^S^

CarMslU

CaracalU the Eflptrour flam by
il/jf r/»»«,where,and upon wlian
occafion ygo

Capthorim to be found in Coptm,
dVovna of \y£grpt 13- carried
.i(;ain(l all rcalun into CappA-
tioc^ib.lk 050

Cdz-ii'Wi.by whom firfl ordain'd
107. lilt EUdion of the Popes
aligned lotbeiii onely, and by
wbpfc authortu' 1 16

Carmtl.A Mountaia {jfSjrLi 68<;.
miflook by the Gentiles lor a
Cod*^. The iiicrsCarmcliics
thence named //>. &: 114

Cart/mjlan Monks.by whom inlli-
cqted 1 15. their iWaic kinde ot
life lb.

Cafiuhim, more likily to be found
in Cafiotn than Cokhu 1 3

Ccntdurs , the fable of them,
whence it took be^^inning 60 1
ChuldMns,vi,Ki'<. Aftrologers 784.
the name communicated unto
^11, who profcflid that Art ib.
[o ailed horn Chr/ed, the Ion
of Nachor 7H5

CharUs the 8h. of 2\'.i::ir his
(Ira^ge death 25;

Chdo) , or (irft matter of the
world ,cxprcfly by Mofet in the
naDf)«» of HravL'n and barth 3 .
how dcfcribed by Of «i, ib.
Chatfermtivcth ^ ihf fathLTof the
Chadrum*titc , jind Indian peo-
ple 12
Chtrfotie[et,'nhiX tiicy are.why fo
called, and how many ut chija
484
Chm*r4 the Monfler.what it was
663..*ndhow:t«med by Belle
rofhvH ib.
Chor»^raphj,vih»titiizS. how it

4iffeietli from Gcographj
CkrifiUHi.wht^e htrt fo c.iljcd,
apd with what .Iblemnity 685.
cxtreaiuly haiiid by the Gen-
tiles 686,th«ir perfecutions and
incrcafe ib-

diujlmafe fports in Tweif'-tide,
by whom Htft inftituted 310
Cbrotff^o^^ies,kvM they differ from
Hiftory ao by whom beft per-
formed i^.
\ nw.thc fon of Cti4m, fird plaot-
«d in ArabiA i2,772.Hii pofle-
iity (the Chujltes) why called
^thicpians jjl- millaktii tor
xia^ %/£thiopitWsoi Africk^ K,

77i,9Bs

Cknfitts , why rendred Etimpituu

. v^0ax Enf^Hih Bibles 772. tlie

Tiandatioa (uftitied M. the

. vQionsafccilKd untjotbcm not

(O0ible to bit iui<krQood of

xktEthitpmtM Jfricli 98 5 ■

the nidsdic lai^OB ihc Expofi.

mrc 77i

A TABLE.

Cimmermns the poDenty of Go 1
nicr 14,180. firlKetled i.i ///-
^.««u,and Phryjia AUjcr ib. & I
654. gave name to J!,sf>!m!is\
Ctmmerius 404 842. In Europi: ;
better known by the name of
C'»Wr»,ilie fame with the Cm-
mtrians 1 80 404, the Cimbrick^
Clh-rfonefc named from them I
4S4 their attempt upon the
Raman Empire, and ovcrtlirow

C'woKinone day overthrew the
iea and Land>forces of the Ptr-
/iunl 665

Ci»>umo»,vihnt it is, where, and
how It j^roweth, Sc from whence
(ota'led 975

Ciphers, or private Characters ibr
wnting.by whom fitit invented i
921 j

C.ircaJJians, where they dwell 845. '
their opinions and piartite 846 •■

Cijhni,tns , or fyhite Monkj, j
wheiii-efo called 115. by whom j
ordained ' ib. 1

Cities, by whom firft built, and on j
whaidefisn 6. the caufes of the I
^'reatneffe and magnificence of:
them 5 '

Ci'n'w, the fon of f.i/'/S'ff, firftfet
led in the Ifle of Cj/prta 1%.
680, his pofterity fpreadms; \a-
to Jkfiuedotiia 601,60$. Horn
thence into v/£to/iti, and fo in-
XO It. tlie 37

C//wi\f, what they be, how many,
and iiow di(<inpuiflied 23

Cloves , where they grow raoft
plentifully , and the nature of
them 918

Co,, -nd Fe(HsCoa, a W^ht Gar-
ment much uled by the Dame
ib. j Ot" Rome 07 J. the Coan Wine
(^vinMm Cos ) is much cried up
h^' the good-fellows of that
Citie 674

CoconMts, a mod excellent fruit,
andoffeveralufes loci

Cochin:le,z precious Die,how,and
.where it gi owcth 1 044

Ctiirtu his love to his Countrey

389

CaiiM(>/,why piantod by the Ro-
mant 3 1 6. the number of them ,
and how diftributed ib. whe-
ther more ^ufefull than aFor-
trcfs ib,

Cokphoncm addere, a proverb, apd
from whenoe it came 658

CoUffusofRludes 676

Commentaries, vAiAt they properly
ttfc, and how they differ from
Hiliory %o

ConfinHtint (converted «0 the

l^aith,aMl on what oaafion 60

, his new Modelling of the Em<

pire 62. of whkh ooc of the

thi";! (ubvertcrs ib ' w caflcd the

Picti'-mn Guards, 61. his Do-

nation loigcd lo;)

Conjlance, the Council there iioi-

drn ^,7

Confult , when firft ordained in
Rome 40.who the firft fole Con-
lul //', when the Office ended ib.

Cnphti, the name ofthe Chriftians
of fijrpf,w!iencc to be derived
922. their I'enets in matters of
Religion, and Eifatc at the pre-
fent ib.

Corybantes , the Priefts of Cjbe/e

621

Ct/Jwo^rd;)/;^ defined 28 thepeiie-
ral Latiiude of thi.- Notion ib.

ilotjs his rare teryper in mafterin^
and preventidR pillion 6c8

Coffo»')»o()/, where it irnvvthjand
how 694. 964. o- pajjim alibi.

Council >.i- trtit 434

Qrcitinn o the VV rid , and the
Motives oht I . the coiicurrc ncc
01 tack ptifon to it 3. the mat-
ter of it , andthcMethoJ ibid,
how long fi nee done ib,

Crete, things mod obfcrvable
there 62 z

Cretcnfc mendacium 620

Vrctinf' nefcit Pela^>ts,3, Proverb,
the ccalion of it 62a

Crwtft '/.ttheir monftrous fliape,
ard where moft ufual 924

Caret c.<, what they were, an-" from
whence fo called $96,620

Cnjl'inians happy gueffc at the
Arms oiGermany 48z

Cypriun women the-r U-iihalt.y
078. rhe Heroik^ Att ot a Cy»
prian Lady 682

Cj/K.icMm befieged in vain by Ati-
thrid.ttes 65*. Its glorious 1 em>
pie «S5

DAyts obferved as lucky , or
unlucky unto divers men

DamiifcHs, howfitoated joi.Da-
m.ijc:n Plums , IXmtnk, llofes,
and Z)«W(i;i^Linnen, thence fo
called ib.

Dttmiata 'befleged and taken by
the Chriftians ib.

Darius his fruitlefle War againft
the Scythians 845

David George a monftrous Here-
tick, and whathis 1 encts 3,8 j

Dedan the fon ofRegtn.i , pUnted
on the Aiovcs of the Pirjian
Golf 13

DtlinqtuntJ, how to be proceed-
ed with 72,7 3- gained fflorc by
favours than by rigour ii.

Dejbot the title of Heir apparent in
thc.kadern Enpirc S65- com-

liiii 2

mu-

A TABLE.

InV

HrM

■l\

muntcated to inferior Princt»|
il> the Dcf pots of /tdAr4 ih. of
ServiM tb ot Sn/j^-trta ib.

Diaries, \v\\nt\\eydre, and how
tliiydilfcrfiomHirtory »o

DiclMors, what the>' were in the
J»,i(e of Rome ill. a Catalogue
o' thr.tn 4->43

DninatioH by Birds.and the kinds
tlereof 795

jyioclti'iM depofes himfelf, and
follows the Trade of a Garde-
nei- 5.5 J

Doi««/»»,thefon of /dwdw, tirlt
fetled in Rkodes 16,676. his po-
ftcrity pairing into £^»r«/ 598.
and there naaiir.g the Dtdonidn
Grove 599

Do^/T/J. how taken iW

Dojii hearts, a Samaritan Seft, and
tbeirSu^ierflitions 723

Dr.il^e Sir rrancu, how f.iid to be
the firft that fayled about the
World 1075. by whoHi follow-
ed il>-

Drahimira Iter cruelty 450 fwal-
lowed alive ib.

Drwir/fj, wiat they wcre.and from
whence fo talltd. Their thief
feat in I'rance zoo. in Britain

351
Drufuns, what ibey arc68j. of
their power and ftiength. 693

ECeo la Tico , a feoff ufed a-
inongft the Italians 1 44

Edgar rowed over Dee, by eght
Kings 324

Edwarit the B*^. his claim unto the
Crqwnoffr^wf, miftaken in
our common chronicles 178,
179. not prejudiced at all by
the Saliqne Law ilt.

Enpt peopL'd in probability bc-
lorc the Floud 93 3 foi. <; of the
Dynaffies of their Kings to
have been bi:foi e ic ih.

Elam the fon of Jfw.where plant-
cd 9,816

jEM»«« of Popes 1 1^,1 13. of the
Dukes of Venice 127. of the
German Emperours 48 1 . of the
great Maflcr of Malta 964.thc
ordinary meant for obtaining
the Crown o( Bohemia.

Eleilors of Germattj,\\ovi many
480. by whom ordained ih. their
Offices, and how performed ib.

Elephants their vaft greatnefTe.
and docile natare 878

£li/i4 the fon offavM , fetled in
Eli) oi Pelofonnefm 1% & af-
ter in the Iflcn of Greece 579.
tbcncc called the Ifles oi Elifis,
£«^.27.7.iS.

Emir of Sidoie.Vthtit be il 691 . hi,
(ORnandflrcDgth 693

Bndjmionii /omnium , a Proverb,

cheoccafion of It 661

Emmie- to be liccnfed flight 207.

how to be dealt withall when

they are in our power 73

Enttrviews betwixt great Princes

reckoned inconvenient 1 38

Epamimndm flain at Mawtinea

58.

Efcurial 27 1

EjI'eni, why fo called, their opini-

ons and Do/^mata 708

Etjmolo^s, ridiculous of fffropr

32. ot the Hnj!»nots 1 98.ofthe

H'alkns 161. of the Lombardi

54?;

Efhefns, and the Temple there,
dedicated to Diana 658 '

fpar^r.wbaC it is in account ofj
time 20. the fevcral Epochet in
flory ib.

Eunuchs, why moft employed by 1
the Kaifern Monaiths 839

Em-ope t whence fo called 32. the
Original languages ftill in it 33

Exarch, what he was, and by
wliom ordained 9]. his proper
1 erritory t'^.the Catalogue- and
fuccefllion of them ib.

Fides AtticM , a Proverb , the
Original of it 5881

Eieds^ a barbarous cuftom among
the Scots 3 1 1 . abrogated by K.
fames ib.

Fig-Tree , why carfed by our Sa-
viour 7 10 1

Fire , Worihipped by the Litnani
J29. and by the/';r/i4M/ 817.
carried in flate before the Ro
mans ib.

Fleas drive the Inhabitants from
th.- Citie Mjod 658

Flight, to be permitted an Enemy,
and debarred a Souldicr 107

Formalities of the Homage done
b\ Edw.lhei\. toi\M French
King 215. at the Degradation
of Pi iefts 427. at the Invefti-
ture of the Dukes of Carinthia
43 9.of Maurice Duke ot Sdxo.
me 4 3 9 oi AlbertDaki otPruf-
/<! 534. of the Duke oi Molt*-
vie )22. at the admitting the
new Duko oi iVstrtthnrg , and
interring the old 444. at the
marriages of the Nedorians
787. at the Coronation of the
Great Cham S6zM the prcfent-
ing of AmbafTadourt to the
Grand Signeur 8 1 0,8 1 1 . at the
Funerab in Cil)iM 9} 7

Forein Guard dangeroQi to a
Princes perfon 937- as forreign
Aids unto a Kingdom 938. on
what occafions ufually fought,
wmi when moft ococflary ib.

Fornication and Adultery punifh'd
with death 54J

Franks, or French, of what Nati-
ons they confilfcd23i. Their
adions and atthievementi ib.
By whom converted to the
Faith , and on wh;itoccaflon
175. their CharaAer 174. the
Antipathy between them and
the Spaniards i7S)'thevaftne(re
of their Hmpire.and the reafons
of the decay thereof 23 2, 233.
The name of JMWi^ given by
the Turks to all Weftern Chri-
ftians 6gi

Frankincenfe, where itfroweth,
and how 773 , 774. offered to
the Gods 775. Frankinccnfe
growing out of the 454

Fr>inciJians,OX Grcj Friers , why
fo called, and by whom found-
ed 115. by the French called
Cordeliers ib.

Frederickj.\\e i.fuddcnly diown'd

667

Free Cities, what they arc , hew

many . and in what Eftatcs

403

Friers, and their feveral Orders
1 14. &c. in what effcem a-
monjjl> the people 1 1 6

Fruitful/iejfe Ol Rhe/an 517 and
Podolia 530

<y.

Gj4bats, a Leprous kinde of
ot peopie.in what parts they
dwtll 213

Galileans, of what dock they were
719 72a. fcorned by the ^o"^
J2Z. Their zeal unto Religion
709, 723 our Saviour called a
Ci ait lean 719

GaUican Church, the power and
priviiedgesofit 176

Gaulonites, what they were 709.
for what caufe named Galile-
ans ib.
Gentlemen of Venice , what they
are, and in what efteem 1 27
Geography defin'd >i, 28. the be-
nefit thereof 19
S-George the Cappadoclan,t famous
Martyr 658.hi$ Ccnitaphiism at
Lidda in the Hoi; Land 72 j.
highly efleemed among the
Tur^idgS. his bank in Genoa
140. made Patron of the notl
noble Order of the Garter 3 22
Germans , whence fo named 3 96.
how terrible at firff to the Ro.
mans 404. their Original extra-
Aion 404.po(refl«d of the Wr*
(Icm Empire ii- the power of
tbc Emperoors impaired , and
by what ncuu 4o8.now inecr-
ly tiailar < /\^.o
Gettr,

Get
6u

Get

Gt
Gt

€

A TABLE.

m a-
116
and

530

Gtter, the Ton of Ar/m planted in
Alidm* 1 0.80s

Ciffiit, from whence they have
(och their name and Teati 922

6«mtr,tbt fon of f^phtt , firft fee
ledin v4/i<n'M Mo 14. 404* of
bif pofteriey , fee Cimmcrunn-

<i«^i,'heit Original, and firft
IcK $02- their Kings before
thejMttheEaftjoj their fuc-
ceflcs and aifairt in It^lj 6}- in
frsnceZiTmSMin 248,249.

Grtcum, in what tney differ from
the, Church of Ronu 276 by
which nulicioufly, and unjuftly
psfecuted ibil their language
nocoffuch cutcntas informer
timet '^'

Gtrtbeni 7^'

GMeft and GibeHinet whence lo
alle4,and when 1 3 1 ,449- 'he
ftncy of the Elft mdCtblht
4cnved from thenec 1 3 1

CmithUn family, their Original

472

GmccUrSne yielded by the Inqui-
(ition 109 and (he fubftancc
of him in that place ib-

Cant , where invented , and by
whom 399- not ufed in Jutiia at

■ ihee»peditionotJf4ffA»« 865

ifijjps^ how he came to be Km^ of

; Jt^4i4 66 1 whence laid to have
• Ring , by which made invifi-
ble '*•

H/t Letter emiuaui to the
State of £»jj/4«d 633
tiMMtth, or the Land of H<«i>Mr^

693

HMfc-Tovns, why fo called, how

nany.and of what power at Sea

403

J!f4r/if ^whenceufed for the nan e

a common Proftitute « 9-

J/jrtt«, the Fable and the Moral

624,615

Mttto, Arch-Bi(hopof A/fW*,dc-

vourcd of PvifsandMice4i7.

So alio PtjiclM Duke of Pa-

Uni S3$

Htnnlnh, the fon of Chiu , tirlJ

planted about B^bjhnM 1 2 cal- j

led thence the Land of Havi

Uh, in the fecond of Gen, 8 1 8

Hgvikh, the fon of Joktun , firrt

rc«»d in IntiU 12 the King-

dom.io{AvAa.aiCh4viUh Co

. caUed from him ib 9°^

Uthew not the prinitive Un-

ni7. not atall peculiar to
ws *^-

HtpTM, the Mahometan Epoche
. ao. from whence fo called 779
the unfteadftfbKfle ^St^Hgtr
tboucie. ^'

HeUtnifls, wh.it :hey were, and
why' fo called 574,707.^ what
differing from the oibJr lews ib
HercjnUn Forclt , (he beginning
and extent thereof 404

HermtM the Tyrant fev^cd in to
Oxes hide , and baited to death
7J6
HertMam, what they were , and
from whence denominated 709
HeierofcU , what they are in Gee-
grufhy , and from whence lb
cal4ed 24

Hierogljfhicki , what (bey were,
and by whom iir(t tfed 921.
fome particulars of them ii.
S.Hierome,a Father of the Church,
where born 544. the Order of
Monkesbyhiminftitoccd 114
Hifttry defined 20 the neceflary
ufe of it , and to whom 18, 19.
how itdiffereth ftom Annals,
Commentaries, Sec. 20

Mock:tide(fom, the Original of
them.and from whence fo named j
318
i/0i74N<j^r/,their great flrength at
Sea 3 82. the great benefit they
make by fifliing on the Coaft
oi England 298,361. Their bafe
cheat put upon the Englifb at
Polercne 91 9- and bloudy but-
chery at Ambojna 920
Heh Ojl of Rhemes , in what ftate
attended 186 not fo ancient as
the freneh ftr end ib.
Homers birth , how contended for
6}8. where born,and why cali'd
Moeonidcf 659
H«4M4(M,a(lrangebca{l. andtue
nature r^it 1063
Hngonott, whence fo called 198.
1 heir great power ooce , and
and prcfent condition 176
Hnl, or Chul,the fo« of Aram, in
what parts firft fctlcd 9, 800
802

Hjirographj, what it is., and by
whom b:lt written. 28

JAcoiites, what they are , and
where moll numerous 789
their opinions 790

]anizAfies , their inftitotion and
nun .her H09. (heir Office and
power ib. (heir infolencie^ and
puri>(hmcnts8o9,8io. (he like-
lif ft men to carry (he Jurkilh
Empire, if (he line of Ottomon
(houldfail 913

"^afhet, how made partaker of the
blefting o(Cod,GeneJis9^i7'
both in the literal ftnfeiand the
myftical 33

J4fjxvthe nune of the North, weft
wiade,& why gives uto it 75

jaraeh , thefoT ofjocktan , more
probably ro bt; ..'. li \n /Iracht'
fia than ln!'ulaHii'-Mnm 10,1 X

jauan, the to ■ ni yiphetsUic uiher
of the /«»MN/aiid Atheniittt. 1 5,

578.658

}ealoMj!e a predominant pillion
amongO the Italians 67. as alfo
aii'Ongft the Aiotrs and Spani-
ards 242. the Englijb little fub.
jed tn It (6.Z96. and the Dutek
mucblefre 361

jefnites by|wbom firft inftitutcd
ii6.thrirvow of Mifiom ib.
grown formidable to the Pope
ibiJ. induftrious in planting
Chriftianity in the barbarous
Nations 867.Chiet Fadors foe
the Kings of Spain 246. They
and the Prtsbjterian , or Pitri'
tan Preachers the greateft In.
cendariesofChriftendom 1 16.
txpcll'd Georgia, on what occt.
fion 804

letnr (he Ton of Ifmael, the fit her
ofthe/rwrMw 716

]ews not fuffercd to land in Cjprm
678.npulfcd out of £»(/4«Mf,
France, Je Spain 762. in danger
to be ftoncd every Mnn£tf,
Thnrfdaj ib. Tbe hopes and
biHderanccs of their convcrfioa
ib. thereftitationoftbeirKing.
dom not denied by Chrift 7631

JUauJs, how caufed 2 1 . whether,
better fcated (ban (tie.Conti-
lient 22

Imperial Chamber , why ereded,
anu where le(led4iS. Imperial
Cities V. F' re.

Indians, or chrifliansof S.Th»-
m.tt , what they hold* in tna(ter
of Religion 877- The fubmif.
Hon of (heir Churches to the
Pope 87S

InSce, where , and how it grow-
cth 886

Influence of the heavenly bodies
on particular Countreys 1 7

Inquifition, when, and why or-
^.ained 245. the manner of pro-
ceeding in it t^., not admitted
into many of the Papal Coun.
tre^s ib.

interim oiGermanj, whit it was,

and how ill liked of all pavties

4aS

Invention of Oocks and Watches
36i.ofPidLTesinf;UlT>.', and
laying colours in Oyl ibid- of
Printing 384. of Guns 399.
leather Ordnance S3 5- ofwiW-
fire 630. of tbe Battelax 645.
of Dice, Chefs, c^f-659. of
Tragedies 671. of Say Is foi
Ships 674. of ArithmetickahA
Aftronomy 689 of tbe purple
Die (oaofChryftal glafle 69!.
^ Kkkkk of

■i-i

•»!

1 1 1

mmmmm

A T

t.i:y Ha^^nts &i. ol Comtdirj

ufe their people to the wirs )94.

the Lcpend of the Kingj of

Sj4'ot ti>e NVirrincrs CoinpifT: Co/f«4i5 Kin^tbut for twelve

r. -.ii.i-...u.._. :i » yjjjfj ^ ,„j fjjj^ jj,^^ facrifice

themfdvct 899. Kings fub/ed to
Pricftii where 979

Kittgi e%ll a dircafe I j 2.the Cure
thereof hereditary to the King
oiEngUnd 318

Knighthood vid.Ordet f .

LAhjrinth ofEgjpt 91^. ml
tared by '

7 1 . 1 o I J. of I .ukle for Ships »^-
*t\ Uitc'^anir.p'RT- 9ii. of

J^iacliyg Ji^hyii.on'ap-taiS-
ofVVaxtiN.vor'ds 615

/ri/^fci,wtiy nevct'Con»|iitred till
the iSigT of \ii>»f /<M"w 347

j^.i,±:\i b3rbarou»tullo'n« 341

j}b»^.:» Jiinicj 586

y>^/ and ]i«i//j. wlun divided
7^,8. ilk- realons why no more
Uiuied, though foaie opportu
DicietwcicnfKied 73^.^.' J_y t.\:cih^ Miiuj, in that ot

y<Jw«/ dcr'vtd iroin C/Viw , tliej Creit 6ji

• loQ ol j4Ai«it 37 fo called from , JJichrjm* Chrifli i38.]theexpref-

. tiie t/£toluus 37,38 by whom ( fion of a Diuch-mM thereon ih.
conv^rtcdtochelaith 36 their |X<i<^ o^ Lontto her Legend 722.

. fcandalous lives, hi>wpuni(hed,i the fumptuoHcy of her Tem-
and by whit iiiftrume ts 64 pi; 97

iM/w chenamc.it fir ft of the Eift £4iwi|r««thrownan Infant into a
parts oftheCounireyonely 76. j fi(h-pond, found by King ^^/Z-
comtnaoiutekl after to . the , ' mand, brought up in Court, and
whole 34 76. the Kingsthereof; afcerchofcn Kin^ of LoH^ohards
after the ruinf of the Etppire, 546

< 66. abandqutd by the tcaft.-^, Lati/tei, tlie Inhabitants of Laii-

'■ vours, aptj ior;whac reafons66, 1 urn, and from whence (b called

j«4» the YirBii;»,i^t a Witch .as the
.^»«j/»/l4^4^ran fomiracuiouf-
ly teat as tjii; /rctrctb pretend 1'^.
what Aie waSijoUecd ib.

}»ilaH, andbispofterityrftltdorir
ginally in the Eaft 10, 11, 878.
the improbabilities ot Their px-
ing in Arabia FtUx 10. greater
of their tranfpUnting into A-
merica 878,1050

John Baptiftiht^ii , how pitifully
mangled by the Papifts

}uUmSc(Uiitr hiscenfure of He-
fiodut controuled by Veltiu$ 592.

, his bafe charafter oii\\iEnglipi

199

}ofefh Scali^tr his fingularity^a

, bout Nabonidiu 794.and Durim
Mediu ib. His unlteadfaftnefTe
about the Ht-^iV^ 779

]n/mi» the Apultate where he died

786

"indgtt of Hell,what,and who they
wcre6i6, 62l.and why fo ac-
counted of ib.

Jujliu Lipjlu4 his unjiift Cenfure
oiCifart commentaries

Tfii Ktuufil , a Proverb , and
of whom intended 620

proverbially ul'cd for a wicked

petfon 648

Kkgj called an Ordinance of

maa, and why 5. who of them
- anciently anointed 15 2. bow

they take |/ccccdcncy 3 2 1 .not to

34. The Lattne tongue not the
language of /u/if 36. The rea
fons ofthe fpreading and ex-
tent thereof it.

Lamp/itcMt, how faved by Anaxi
mnes when threatned by A-
/exander ib.

LawtofOleren 230

Ltague between France and Scot-

Umd 3 3 5 the condition thereni

ib.

Lthdim the Father of the Libj-
t/£gjfti 13,63-1

Lemmers an infedioos heart 494

Lemxiai or Terra Lemnia, the lo
vereign vertucs of it 614, how
made and ordered i^. why called
'Terra SigiBata ib.

Letters , the firft Original , and }
Hiftory of them 9a i j

Levitcs , why fcattered & divideJ j
among the Tribes 73 J. The li
beral maintenance allowed them [
ibid. I

Libaum a famous Mountain, why {
fo named 687. the lengtb.courK !
and branches of it ib. I

LibtrtM profhetandi , what , and |
where moft in ufe $ 2 j |

LibHmi the name of a light Veflfel
554. and of (bch Chairs as we'
call Sedans ib.an'd from whence |
To named ib. :

IJe»sZi%. Its famous Marti^. inj
it a Temple dedicated to A^j^^^.
fiiu ib. before whofe Altar ex-
ercifes inflitutcd of the Creek,
and Roman Eloquence if

Xmw & ftrange beift ip 9^Hwria
•■■•■• M°\

Xomftiri^/ their Original and firl^
King* J4S,S46 their affsirtin
Italj (J4. the fubverfion of their
KinKdom there 6%

LudtM fort of Sim, the father of
the LjdiMns in Ajia minor 9,6)9

LMdimxbe fan of Mi<raim , th«
father of the Ethiopians in A-
frick^ I J. improperly rendrcd
LjMans in our Englijh BiMei
J»r.46,9. it.

Luther hir birth 466. his iirflcoa«
tention with the Pope 400. dit
fucceff^ and fpreading of kit
DoArinei^. dtbywhatnmHM
efpecially 402. the Govermctit
ofthe £«r/w«w^Churchc* ituL
the condition of their MfflMtrt
403. their Kites & Ccremoaiw
not much dt&rcnt from tbofc
in the CHiirch of England ib.

Lyfavti-u the Tetrarch ofAijltnt.
who!.' fon he was 701. why rec-
koned Zw;^ 3. among HntJfm
Children j^.

MAchbcthtniRory ;}4
A^tiiUi the third fbn of fa-
fhet , the father of iht
Medes 15, 814

ii/rf^j, what they were in Fulfil
817. Their e(feem& power ib.
Magnts , 'why ufed to f ipniBetbe
Load-Uone by \.htLati»e writers
1016
Magog the fon of laphtt fetled in
Ccclefiria , and the Borders 9f
Ibi ria 1 4^9f

.Mahomet his birth and httiiaa^
777. his dtfign to Coyn a new
Religion ib. the caulics of the
great growth ic increafc thewr-
of 779, his fucceffeand vido-
ries ik.

/^/.««V^r ofthe Palace, their infli-
tution and Authority 233. the
Catalogue & fucccllion ol them

Malefactors flying to Ce»rva,bovi
punifti'd 1 6 1

Man , why created unarmed and
naked 4. the Image ot God in
himwhatitdothoniitt in ii-.
./W«»/jr(.x:rcifes allowed at Getsf-
r<i on the Lords day j6i

Mareheta mi*lier;i , a barbarous
cul^omcoftheffof/ 3;i.wh«nic
named , ard by whom abroga-
ted ib.
iW4rf ;, why Hfed in battel aoiotfg
fomeof theAncifnti $70
Margaret Counteffe of Hmat-
berg,Ae\\ytx*A at ooc birth «f
365 Children 3S4
it/«rriWr/CompaA, by wk«m .
tirfl inveiucd , and by whoaa
pierfedetf

"^p?

A TABLE."

pnftettd 71, loi J. trrooiout. j Aftnkj them Orig.nsI Sc increafl- ^ Nimrod, th« I oundrr of the ff4*_;r

lY*finhtiifoS*li>m)t ik- 114. by wliom tirll broiijiht un- /cxmw, and ^j(f>rM»« Kinj'/oTii

J/(ir<iw>«,wh«iue fowllwi, th«ir l d«r certain rules ib. th*ir l«;vrral [ 121791

Ttnetf , •nd plicc of dweUini? 1 and pirticular Orders 114,115, Nimve 7^8

496. Their r«»nalwtion wicti | 116, jsi^^i,, liven Pr«cpti, or the l^rr-

tliePo(io,bat » maccer of^coai- Mnngut, a Tribe of the 7*rt4rs~ i. pis ot" ihc Ions o( Nv*h 708

ffieiMiM »^- 860. the liilcoftbegrrat tm-

At0rtittd\nrs3\<Mt in peeferviriR perour of the hither IndiA 904.

thfktfiiM frwn bfibg furprn 1 the Catalogue and futci llion of

6ytheT«ri< 61 j ihem A.

)WWj^rr/,ut'the Sqthuun by the Manumtnt of him Duke of iSf (J

M«d..>«8j2/48. ofibc/JcBMW ' ' ' "^

by Mithrilites 646. of the

NomMles, where they dwelt , and
from whcoie denominated 848,

948
Noradi>uf'<i sallanc anfwer made
to his Commandtrs 705

ftrd, with the aiiJwer of ClurU, Normans what they wtrcOrijii-
the 8ih. CO a Courtier, who p.r- 1 iwlU 1 93 , 495. I heir aAioni

2)(nrr/ by the £>«?/»y* 3'7- of fwaded him to deface 11 191 and Atchievenients i^. when
the Frttichm SicWm. of the ' iWDWfworf wj, the family extinrt 1 f\f[\nu\nFritnct 193

Hugoitott by the Frmch 176 ] it>4 ;\ierth £*fi paffii-c, b» whom at-

Jttdftick., what it H, where j;row- Moors, the luft ofRvdinci occa j tempr«d and purfued 1 090. of
ing.andhowgatheied 672 fioncd their coming into J'/)<««(»| the North- VV«ft pafl.ivc iW.

J/4i?i^f D6g«,why called iM»/»/- : 249. and the luft o(Afa^Knt<a] the little prob..bitity of doing
fihy ihc Laiiiif* 5^8 their cxpulfion thence 258., any good in cither it.

i»/-iWM/«^Mtheiflnftkution, Of-j forced to quit J/*,!** 267 A'«w whyfotalled.andby whom

ficeand; power 937 ' Murfes, or Sea-iior(es, the deftn

j|/r^«ry4 the table, and true (toryj pciun , and ufemade ol ihera

thereof 1C04' 1024

Jl&frJWfw, what thfy are, and' yi/(,''jift,work,whatitis 124

from whence denominatid 686 Aiojcovites, by whom converted,
Mfreeii,',»n Order ot Ktl>t(iojS| uid ol what opinions in reli-

pcrfons.tlieir inllitucion and im-
ptoytnent 598

Mtfteh the fon of^MM pUmeJ
^>out Mons Mufiiu I0,8co

JWir/f (A,or y</o/w /» the fon <.i ,a

Hidii.ltituied 117 tliurparti-
culuO'iiem ib.a\ ill report for
tli^jir Lmliattity ib Nunnery of
Valdrndc in HaLMt 3 96

Nutmegs , liow they crow , and
where moR plentif ull 9 1 8

OBiti of the Sainti kept as
Feftivalj Co8

^lon 511, J 1 2. from what Ori
ginal they come 520. their go>
verment lyranincal 522. the
great Dukes habit, and Royal

ftafe 523 o<-MntheCo'lrAionofwatersi7.

fhet,ittM amonpft the ^/tw/f / ' iW/i/i</«, or MmfrMies a ftraiige the caulcsofitii ebbing nndflOw-

Mojchici \d Armenia major \ ^ ,'. btaft I3y iog t^. the Etymolopie of the

799 Mu/ick^, thefeveral forts and cf- naitie, andvaft greatnefT* of. it

Mtjhi ,»niMoant Sepbir , men- 1 fefts thereof653 -ufed by the j'yj

tionedjCcw/; 10. in what pljce! primitive ChiiUians in Gods of<*'s D\ke 3^4

iheywere ii,7S^C)79i publick fervice ib. Olcunt M<.di.v:um,k:Nti^hta

AfefMreofH'tilaermar \\.o\ Ihn- Afjrtoum Mdre,whaeilviUfit\d O /jmpic kJJinid , by wliom firft

nMr^tothc I'ope 484 from whence (o named 674 inllituted and rJlarcd 579,

Meffeni Servilior, a Proverb, the Mj/[ioriimpo(lrtmtu , a Proverb, 580. where heid.and who were

occafionoMt 581! and the meaiung of iC

Minot«Mr , the Fable , and true \

floryofit 625'

iiithruUtes , tht Avihnw of the TV T Ames fatal to fome King-

Antidote (o named 646. the fum i\| dom» 632

and fobfttnce ol hii ftory ih. Nuphiha , the nature of it , and

Miramomoline , whii the word where moftufed 814,819

doth fignify 958. the Mir^ma- A'aphtuchim fon of Mi^ratm,

mtlinei oi A4orocci 957 where firll planted 13,932,933.

Mi^raim tht Ion of Cham, ilie the name of iVc/i/KWf , by lome

Ather of (he Nation of £?;rr' faid to be thence derived ib,

13 IH National Animofities , to what

MtnurcUy the nesreft form ol caufe afcnbed iS

Government to th. to' (lud j. iV4v*|4rioM, the Original and fto-

Tbe Monarchs of J/JiiJ** aSy of ry 01 it ioi4.what Nations mod

the Englijh SaxoH! ixb. oic'e famous for it in former times

^jfjriafis ygz. oi lUe Medes 1015. and whoat piefent ib.

and Perfiant 83 3 Ntmeean Games , by whom fir ft

M(in*fiick\\^t , how accounted of ^ inRituied.and on wbac occafion

in former times 116. whether i 58J

tobe prefeired before a focia ' Ntthmimt what they «vere,and
able 117 what imployed 731

J4tnn not the onely inftrument > jVe/^orMM , whence To called 787

ox exchange in ancient t'mes
980. by what names called, and
why ikd. made fometimes of
Lcatbat and Paft board 1 064

their Tenets in Religion ib'ti.
Soleroniciestbey ufe in contrad-
ing Marriage ih. much hated of
the Pope, and iihf 789

Judges of them 579. All the

VIAors at onetime ot one Citie

in Itdit 77

'ou\tMii* ,a kinde of Divination

64. an experiment of it ^.

Ophtr not the [>rovince of SifMis

in Ethiopia 991. where it rather

was II

Orticles which moft famous 595.

their ambiguity and decay 593,

594
Orateriaus an Order of Retijiiou!!
perfons, by whom fii ft inftlturcd
1 16. uftd for a counterpoife to
the fffitittJ ib.

Orders of Knighthood , of /It'u
2bO /iktimarazy6.ofd^ Ah'
nunciads 1 5901 ^./i»drett' 340.
oC^. /inthinj 986 o; the hltnd
»f Lord fciU) Ch'ifl 1 J 7. of the
BathllUti Bartmti 322. of
the Crtjcent »co ofCaUtravs
276. of Dufih Knights 539 of
the Port gldve 'il9. of the
Dragon ^^9. of the Elephant
500. of ltieGoitU» Fleece ifi-
olihcGe»netii&. of tbeu4r<
Kkkkk i yt

'Ip^lt'-'f,

-4^1*'

A TABLE*

.t<

ter iiz. of the HoljGhefi 1 59.
ofS.Jj»o276 ofS, J«<>» 765.
Greit Mailer, how chofen, hii
title 964. of ]e/iu Chriji 280.
ofS. Michael 119- of S. Mark.

1:9 0fyi/fC«j27J. ofA/ow

ttf* :88, of iVov<i Jm/4 340,
1024. of the PMrrie, or twelve
Pecri2j8 of the RoundTMe
jif. ofthejMr 2j8. of S' Stt-
fhm 1 3 J. of the Sepulchre 76 J.
of the Timp/art jt^. ofS.S*
f Mwr 288. oftheC/«r»»«#fVr.
f M 1 29. of the Lilly 254

OjfrAcifme, what it wai , whence

called , and with whom in ufc

S88

Opich Feathers, why, and how
long the Cognizance of the
Prinecs of wh/m 3^9

Ovation , how it diiferech from a

Tiiimph 41. from whence fo

called ii. in what cafet granted

Hid.,

Ovid, wby bani(hcd into Ponttu

569

Oxeiiham bis adventuFOUi attempt
1018

Ojfiers grow on Trees 556

PAifants flavt:y in LivtMi*
526
Ftlms anciently ufed at a fign of
viAory 934. (et by theChrifti-
ans^in Church-yards , and for
what reafon ib. of the rare na-
ture of the Tree 9 3 4>9(i7
Pdmphjli, what they were i j 7
/npfr, where firft invented , and
why fo called 91$
FdrMdife,vibtxtii was indeed 78}.
the feveral fancies and opinions
touching the panicular it.
P»r»S,ft terreftrial of AUuHne

824

Ptirchment , in Latine Pergamena,

where invented tirft 656

Purit i8j' never taken by force,

why Uf.

Pdjifhae, how far the Fable of ber

may be thought hidorical 62 1

fitthrnfim firft planted in the land

ofPathros ij

Psrtition-vfMtl,M\idei to Eph.z.

i4.wbat,andwhercitwas 734

PMrtAcintm a new Order derifed

by CoiiJiMtini, and what it was

Peltthites,yiba,axiA why fo cal-
led 725

fiStmu vefiu, a by- word,aDd the
meaning of ic 57^

Ftrfeptlu 820

P»«/*yMe.whattt wai, and where
mod in ufc 85

Pmr/Mer , by wlwm fitft grant-
ed CO the Pop« M'3

Perifcii tad Ptrimci ,''VihH they
are in Geography 24

Ph4lei,fititrt probably firft plant,
ed 10

PharifitJ whence they had their

name 7o8- Their Dognntta , and

Authority among<> the people

709

Phdres 923

I>/)«yf/M<. whence foMaoned 663

Vhiletii art 945

Vhilippick* givtahyTMllie for the
name of his Orations againfl
M.Anttnj 595

Pil^w/.thefonofCilMw, father of

the Mnrs , or MauritamMti

14,940

Vhrj^eiJeroftptHHt 453

PM</,what they wcre,and the ftory
of them 334

Vigritia, a flrangc Creature in
America IO18

Vied piper 560

Vigeont Letter-carriers 786

Pi/4rr«his birth.breeding.rife.and
death 1 072

Pledging one another , why firft
iiitdiaEiigUHd 318

Plmo , why fancied by the Poets
for the God of Hell J98

fompey's fucccifuU War agaii^
the Cilkinns 6m

VtljcrMtt for long time fortunate,
dies miferabl} 673

9»pt, or ?ttf4, what it fignifieth
104. Common at firft toother
BiOiops ib- the opportunities
thofe of Rtine had to advance
their ereatnes i03.themein$&
fteps by which they diU attain
to their temporal power no.
and ftill keep the fame 1 1 1 .
how eafie to b;: made Heredi-
lary 1 12- Their Forcei and Re-
venue 113,114

Portugal! their Charadt.'r ^5.
their Antipathy to (be Cafii
Hans ib. Pirttigals , Spamtirds,
f reach, ItMlinm, compiitd ib.

Poultry hatched in Ows by heat

934
VradiilitH of the MMrt conquer-
ing Spain 249
Vrattrian guards , by whom inftt
tutcd,and by whom cafllicred
61. Their power,thc great Au-
thority of their Captains $ i
^resbjttr }ohi$ , the name of the
King ofTendac 860 erroniouf.
ly afcribed by Scaliger to chc
Abaffint Emper. ib. fiie ground
of the miftakc and right oauie of
that Prince 986
Prttbyttriaa Difcif linc.by whom
firft framed 1 6a and how after
propagated 160, i6i> The in-
trodudion of it into the Seig-
acoryof AfwvA i60i and the

Realm of ScMlaai 332. wby (9
importunately defirtii by foBC
in Eaflaad 302

Priejls of the fewi provided of a
hberal maintenance 735. wh«
they were ,whom they caiM
the Chief Priefts 710. of the
High-Pricft, and when made*
falcable Office ibid, how J&m
and Cajaphat were High- Pricftf
•t the fame tine li.Tbcir powcff
and fuccciRon aucr the Capti-

»«y 7JP

PriNrM^.where firft inveated^nd

by whom }84.how mueh abafed

in thefe latter timet 86}> faid t»

have been long nfed id Chkm

86$

PremM/vM , why feigned to be tor>
lurfd by a Vulture 815

Proteflaats, where firft fo called,
and why 400, 418. thewhole
ftory of them 40»,4oi. the can.
fes of the great increafe of their
DoArinet 402. their principal
over- fight ib.

Pfalmi oiDegrttu bow many,and
why fo named 734

Pjramidtt oi Egypt their valt
grcatnefle, by whom built, and
why 92?

t^mr4,a (hang;: bead there
,which fupplies them with
mod neceflaties 1 93 5

RAin falling ture to Alabaftir
10$ 3. Riin obtained by
the prayer of Hr/««4 624
Rarities in Egypt 924. in America
1 1 8. in Nova Hilpaaia 1 044.
i.i Chiapa 1052. in P^rw 1063.
in Brafil 1079. in Cuba & Hif-
paniola 1097

Rrd'Sea, whence it had the name
776. how fsr extended by that
name ib.

Regma the Ton of Chtu firft plant-
ed on (he (horet of the Perjiam
Gulf 12,775

Religion nacorally ingraffed in the
heart of man 3 1 how it ftand-
cth in relation to the parts of
the World 31,32

Retiredncffe from the vulgar eye
ufed by divers Princes 987

Rex Rcmanomm , what he it 408,
481. by whom, and for what
caufe ordained ib.

Richard the firft, terrible to the
Turks 600. takethCj/>rM(68i.
his Ipeech concerning the Siege
of Vermviile 192. itflain by a
(hoc from an Arbatifi ao8. the
raaa

■"m--'f.

"iar

AT ABLE.

HRtf ihAutcft mill iktJMiBtrff,

afii rcwtrded <^>

R^HdhtHetonofCtmir, ftbnd-m

j?t>fM.theiniflf, antfconditfaMi

Inniit of great Riverihow it-

gtetrertt t5J,$*r7

lOmrmfit, why given for an adi

JbtuftantoiVrMr/?/. and #har

tttmefuvfu J8B

/ifMtf , the Founcxhr xnd courfc

{h«re(»f jtfa, 4QT. *e tmnri

kimdn by tfhjdlr ir faUleth-inro

dteOecan 1^

jl«c)!w/ 210

Ailm^/ taken by Stlim*" the

Magnificent 676

HkSsHLttms, thernfe hi former

(iiMs of alt marine caofcs &7».

thratd •^

jtMw.ofwhat di'rtitfM herglofy

nnti {^. the extent of her d»
(hinrom (It. once Mde a C«d-
dcfre.and by whom 660. Her
ReHpnict conrpoted «tt5»nil'
Xoni of Crowni 61. Her Eoi'

fMrva^ wfcit. ti idNwhiglHy

ji(w4r«nMr,wliM they were ^jj.p

their RtH^on.TeiKtv, and StSU

72r,7»t- b9ir hated by the fnn

and'why 7*)i72tf

Aini»«r,why ft) ctWed 767,770.

their CbaraAer in former tioKi

770. they itfow to MJmnt

779. their fiiceeflct.Tidortcf,

and Caliphf 7^0

•S^nlkMMfdtm an eflhninat* King*,

whyhvbamrhif Treafure 79)

Sdmnicm Rifim , a Rrtverb, and

' (firmaningofiv 70

Sr^r/i valour 599

ScMHdnhr YmWt and (Tory 0oo,

floi. wMt became of hit body

fetmit or StUvmumt , whence
fi>aHcd5;7. Their aflTiin and
Aory Hid. given at a nam: to
Rond*mcn,afld en what ocea>
fha )5o

ScMm Sukrm , by wboift written,

lOl.thrnumber ofittinmbi- ' aad to wttom dcdicatad 71

Seitt^ why fo called ) ja.cbcir pro-
eeedingi in the Reformation
}}}. neir Kiagdwn held in
Vaflaltfit B» Ae Crown of
Engbaid 319

fiPt (fabterccd by Cnfmitim, ' S*rilttJ* what tbw were.whcn in

gnd how 62 llitutei, ani3 otwhac AMboriiy

gtm4ri tmftmt, the (ncecflion 7*9

«f them S9. cut off by fiolent StpUmu their Origiaal , AMii|ai.
deirtlirillthetimeof Cm/4*-' ty , and Atchievements 8jz.
fim do. and the caafe thereof rhcir expedition in-<> MiJis
6 1 . their negligence and dege- ' 848. and fucccflc in IfSa 84^
aerafe floth •} , ^r*r iht foo of Jtcktm , planted

M»f»miU wife to i#/i^iaw,King

<kf the Lcvbardi pronim her

fibiband to be murdered, why

65. her death ii,

K»j i'lvid»t , afr^nfAby-word,

<hc meaning atd occafion ol

tt I9i

SAi4mu of ArdUd, the Dffirt
(torn what raa they camc<

. 775

SMVilti^* a Crime onnrdonable

even amongft Heatbeai 194

;riiiJ!MM/ whence they hid their

nanc 708. their, opinions and

JiimMts it-

SnUtjm i:4»,what il trtxly ii I77.

pot To ancient at tbe French

fretcnd i(. not at an was regard-
' cd by them , bnr fo ftrve the

•vnt of fomc Qfiirpart 77t. the
' fauonvcnicncct , and inja&ice

ofit i>.

StUmscitU^tUs, aPrOTCib, and

Xibcmeaoiaeofit 661

i^iv^its lattly fiMud ia J/oIm

270

upon tbe Rivar Imim , or the

GtUmCktrftmft il

Siivimu 7x3

Ms the Ton of Arfk4M4tiJM what

panifetltd 10,819

Stlimm a graac builder 69). his

ftrangc tifc and fortunai 702
Stnurmtu 792

Srmimtriti be the Ertiiifli , by

whom firftereded, and where
186

Sunt*'* happy ocnmry
Strifhi* Rami , an on

344

Proverb,

the ocaafloaandaaaning of it

«19

StrftMtynKlkuffti by the ^jsm-

|»rrA and l^ntni jzp. the btr-

baroui Cuftomes ot tboiie people

HiJ.

Sfirit 144

SMs, SthsMti Sdtte*,^Qtu

of Cihw.all planted in Aniti*

Ftlim, and dtert tlM ibaodara of

Ibc fiitbat Nation «f the Ss-

itant U.TQ'S

.iM^,wbat tbey wete^oiT naoy,

and where tMv dwelt 93 1 . not

couieriGilcd by thi Faihcta

SimUGtn*^i. FtntriSitn/iSt.
Siemli TjrMUHi 87. three by-
words &: (he meaning oftbea.

SUI^,vby called Stries by the A*.
tintt 791^

SUvtr mi Otid what moftplcii-
tifbll 1064. the rich Mioci of
f M*/f 1 069. hmv vilifid fn the
Vufim 1064. the caulet of
tbe dearkneffe of thing! in our
diiyei 1065. aoc fo adwinta.
gioatto a State, at Trade and
Merchandilc H.

SiwrntYn Ton of ^tA , howdi-
fpaki'm jffMl ^ at hit father
prophcfled 7x9

Sttmtifmm, whence #67

Stkmmt Pmvb , mentioned fnk*
10.2 J. wbe>e,and wbKitw.ii

731

SMtkfitjimi , how naay kindcs
theiilof 793

SiuMitri tai 0Nat Coaunandcrt
unfoitDnatc for the molt pate,
and why 188,5891

Sf», Mcdieioal watcn, wacN,aad
for what n«ft AAiU 3 7!

SpummJit fraa whence tbey do
defiend 247. by whoaa coa-
vertad to ijie Faiib 244. Tie
dependence of the Popa on
the Crown thereof 246. their
aim at the fifth ^4ona^chy ik.
tbe greatneft of their Empire,
•od weakn*ncofit29o. Sp4-
ntfit Nobility very Ctrviccible to
Ihair King,wliy 291: SpAniArdt
ibeircrucky lowardi tbe Amt-
rittUM 1017

S^miUtU a cbeevifh bead 66S

Srrr/iM;M*«ry,whyrocaHed m

Sri««(w/ofMoimuimJnot to be
abandooad by the Defendsoti
667. tbe loftng of fucb Paffcs of
what fatal conii:i)aence 6%$

StMkt^ I where , and when (lain

9ji6

Stjx, a River of Grtttt , the uma|
OachofcheGois <&i

S«i^4r/, when, and by whom niA
refined 1003. what ufcd inftead
thereof in elder times ihiJ. tlv
great cjuaotides thereof (jets
yearly by the PortntMlt from the
JUle ofS. TbtmMOi. and flfiM
their Sugar-works in Br4p ib.

hjrHm laoflaagr. what it wat.dnd
of wbatingr^icnts 687, 7°9*
wbeofiifl made vwlgar to tbe
fnu *>.

$|r<<« <7«(ii||^,«tiat Oie wat 69s *
Iter magniticent Tcnple «^. <he
dMeiaiui4Mgli(ig ofW Prleiji^

fPMb

Sjrnmm mnlts •Inn ; Sjri itktrs
Phttniett ; two Protetbe, and the
ocaMagofcbcoi $94

t\\\\\

r<*»

A T A;? L E.A

r.\ ■

TJhen , wheitmoftplcMi.
ft II 1C64. why called (k
- Hcnbine of Ptr» ib. the
';■' . /ant, fbck nfe thereof coo-
■ dcmncd , and the venues
afcribed unto it cxAmincd
•;, by whom firft brought

•T«iU of sheep rand or no bcall
cife^ uhy ulcd in Sicrificc 694

T'lun'/dMrliii birth and iircnragc
850. tlic iumnM aid fubnancc
of hi* (lory «^

Tdrjhilh\\\tiono(]4v«n, planted
about Tdrfm in CilicU 1 S' not
in TM'-fffin*,'** fome lay, i f

74r/-w'«i "ot the Progeny of the
TribK.'! of //V4r/84i,froin whom
iDoO probably dcfcended i^.tbcir
afTairiandviaoriM 860

TsxM 139

Templfre'ti\f\:ihyZorai4icl, in
what i( differed from the Auoxr
733. repaired and beautified by
Htrtdtb. the fevtral Coorti •■
bout it «i allof th^ in the name
of th« Temple il>. TctDpicofs*.
phitr 610

ttnt^A Smirk , * Byword, Uie
occafiun of it 671

Thtmifiitlej baniflied bit Coon-
trey fliei to.and if tntcrtamcd
by Arttxirxtt 6j6

ThtcerMid , or the Governmcht
oftheJ«»/byCei/hitnfelf 738

Jhjrdi the father of the Thrdti-

JM*. by fomc calkd Thrd/idiul

16.607

Sr. Tbmdi Atatr no friend to the
Frici 1 1 1 7. hi» new plot of woo-
incnot approved of 973 hit de.
vile to bring Gold and Silver
into contempt , fit for none but
VttpidMi 1064

TtrdcidKfthtit Cuftomi 607

T'lVnMrihiifranknefle 798

2"MMrM«, what they bt, their in.
ftitutioa and number 809

JltMt Biftlop o:' Crrii 6li

Xitlt of moft ChrijHdM King, why

given onto the Kingt ofFrMtt

2i^.o(CdthtlkkKiaa, to the

KingtofSliiMi l^O.oiDtftnJtr

•ftht FdUh to EKilmd ) 20. of

■ Dtftniirs of the Clmrck,x.o the

^intwi i6i.ofBdfilim,tOtbt

Kmgt of Bitiidrid 57O. of PiW.

gtBim Dri , to AitUs the King

oftlir Hmh$ 217

ar«f<n»*. w Tw-faw*, the foo of

; ftfbtiiumiitt of ibcTiranw,

,^S0

Tfttpuntm Awtim^ Provetb, tbc
meaning & occalion of it sir
TtmiMfii, a bird in Amtritd lOio
Ttfcfrufhic, what it i> 2S. boW it
diRcrctb iiron) Geography tii,
Trd§ckj> and the (lory of^it 1 06).
more advantagiuni to a State
than Mine* of Gold and 2»tt'
ver H,

Trfif/o*, how rewarded 544
TrditMmAy whom in\cnted 671
Trtt iluc wiihcretb if lotichcd
1054. beneficial Tree* in Jmlid
887WC01 10)8
Triumpht their Original and kU
jefty 41. in what they differed
from an Ord$i*n ib. in what ca-
fe* denied a Conqueror 41,41.
when difconcinucd and laid by

Trtj not befirged ten yean toge-

ther by the Greek/, and atlaft

howtalien 65Z- Fiwtkrtft boaft

of taking Troj in ckvcn dayet

> tardy anlwercd H.

, TuMiht fon (Aldvdn firft plaift-

I ed in llnrU i J<8o4, tbc Sfdni

I «r46 how derived from him 247

Tnrkt their Original and Con-

quefh 8o6- their Kiogi and

Empciori H. Their perfonti ca-

ftofflfc end religion 808. Their

cAate end power io^i&t.

'■:}■ n

VJtvod, the meaning of the
word 26 1, the Vttvtds of
TrdnfylvdMtd U>.

f'.McLi//, their firft feat 944. their
aff- !. t. itory, and the fucceffira
of their Kingi 944

VdunUu the fame with the tydlden-
fet 226. their life tod Dodrmet

Venrnt, whence called frjwiM 85.

whence Cjtber*d€ 1 9'. whence

Ded Cjpr.Cji. whence Pdfhid

679. whence Ded Cniie* 66

and ofwbat efrcem 71,

rtrgili Fable, of DUk difptovVd
94jhiti/fr«r,afurpeAed tfja

VljSl'et not lb i»xnLukm-T%.

the fufflme and fubftaoce ofhii

ftory 62^

Vr, t|)e birth-place tf Ahrdkm^,
a Town of Mtftfttamid 79011
that it wat'not in CImUUs, u bf
moft fuppoTed 791

VfurHjtbe Cniefe much id4id((|
to it 1 3 7. the faying of a nerry
fellow thereon i^,

V*., or HtM , the Countrcy aiul
dwelling ofiei, wheteaMNiMM
•« . 7fif

X'jU'V.

WAMoit, what they arr,an4
why fo called 322.364
wWfi their dimenfioni aiid v«fl

StatncfTe 878.how driven frotfi
e Cotft of Norwtj 494

Hiiiti Frier/,, from when - fo c|U
led, and by whom firft mftituted
1 1 J. called alio Cdrmelitee, and
why it,

mlvet dcftroyed in EniUnA,
how 298

H'trA/, why created i.How long
fince 3 Peopled before the g6>
neral Floed 6. Eafl pirti pitint.
ed before tbc attempt at Bdbet
1 6, 1 7, 88 1 . called Ctfmi by
the Cr»i/^nd MkMdm by tpe
Ldtiiui from the beautici of
it} I. unequally divided id re.
fpcAoflleligioQ 31,}%

tVriti»i tbe Original of ft 921,
916. and the fcveral formt Ut.

.1.?»

Erife , why afed for the
Title of the Kings oiMo.
recce 9$8. tbc Catalogue
and fucceflion of them
959

thebrotilhncffcoftbc CjfriitJ ' Xerxet bit nuinerout Arm^. ^,

both men and women in tt>«ir

Feaftt and Sanificet 679

Verferid in VldHtue* what it it

loif.nocufed there for the

Marrineri Cooapaflci at by Ibme

fnppofed ii.

ViSerit ofAmiitdlU Cmmmm 74

f'uUmes in fr4w«, bow many and

wbutheytre 190

YEHfhtreei why
Church-yatdt

planted ia
PJ4

' • . ^-

AUtictu\»%ljmt
f^^«r I a Ihange. but profitable JL/Ztnofnd i moll
beaft among tbe ^Mwr*r4M> and, udy.hcrftory
tbcnanreofic 1014. cUScsar ZefjrH/i^^tA
fwndiatbcMlyofii H.

le Zy

7«
mBTcDlme

;,: 7|

•JV;. 7

i't '

mil

iu u:

;w :j^03 'sv;:.-. r; Vr.vr. •}{,.:.. \

A Computation of flic forein Coins licreia
mentioned^ with the £ n g l i s h.

HE[)ren' Jaltni in Gofd
Hebrew Falent in Stiver
yllexi>,d>itn Talent

Bdbilonun talent

jjuukiahnt

Sejlerttitmof Ruinc

A Shekel

JrgentCM Mil 26.1^.

A PrMhrn*

A KiiOhU •

A Sttliitny .

A Ducat .

A French Crcwn

A Xeriffe

A Hix ^o'Ur .

A Florett ,

j1 Frank •

A Livre •

A Culden •

A Spanijh Real •

A Sous ,

J turkilh Ajper *

A Maravidu •

4yoo

375

250

2l3

187

70b

IqO

»q

•

FINIS.

•^n

^1'

<!'l

»■

J •

I .1

.i 4.ll;^{T

■?•»•

4 •

it .

■«.

■ iii 6% ..

ijpiwl" '

i\n Advertifement to the Reader, concerning the

enfuing Table s.

Hort lehUi may net feeni profortionihlt tofoliis^ tWoih^, tfpfcialh in aii'Aii^fvrlereiH
if.e,eaiefo many that J'retciid to U.niinii , uIm Jiit/iji more the Intltx iI.ih if::\ do ti.e
B»(ik. hut to this jrurk JhortfabUs mil te/oii^ otolith, cotififieriiii^thut |/.r lii.:-niif^
'Inlii i^ii the lOp o] tacbkaf ■> rltreti 'J.e hcixicr to a view if ihofe Cw(;;f'C)i Mhc'jh.n
tottavel; and nnftijuently ti asviuch kitimUd-^e (/ tho'i: things rfhichcoiuerM tUJe Conn-
tins lis this H'0rk.c/infi^iie him. Howfouhr , that I way not Ltv/aHini^ ri any point to
the Keadu s eaje, 1 have dran-Hlbofiiille i'l M.[b.\(My the courje of th: A'phab.t; and
uddedalllheu-ii of if.e Pnv'mcti toth great and final!, uhich a) s herein itentioned and de'CnUl: iviib the
it.i»:is of ihfe E i.iici airl Natisui, whether eld or }:eiV,thefio»nt irh^ ft affairs is here dra-untc;:(thcr. This
b:ing eune mthtjirii o! ihefe Tabk^ / hare reduced into a feionJ, the Ka»:es of thofef articular Nulicm, with
their feiir.i! hH-t' (lUjirimipalrf the:nat the teaji') vehich anciemly inhabited thofe Ktrg.-s;>:t , Iriiiincei,
and Ifland., the Chir^grabhy and Hi'.iory whereof is wj chief endeavor : that bii»g ntai (h.:ili-ii iy ihei'ifelveSf
thf) be r; I. iivieraiice to the Header in tt. e fearch of tkufe places, which hi hath mere dtfire to i il;r. And finally
whereas there a^e many things in:hii woil^lookjn^ towards VUi\<>\o^)\,:nlfoniepartictlars no, t^tfly reducible to
rheotherTalkf.Ihaiedigeiiedthech/efoftbeinwto <» third; leaviiig the reji unto the confiJaaticn o/iiv
jiiidiouj Reader, vrho pi.fuLl) might take 'i HI if nothing jhould be left to his care and weiuory.

A Table of the principal Comtreys^ Provinces y Mountain J, Seas ^ and Iflands^

contained and described in this Bool{.

l\ A
/ \ A

Brn77.o
.- Apiilii
J. \ Apcniiiiic
Alps M.
j4*'ii.iria

rtdruiick Seas

Argnw

A(|iii tallica

A4iiirjin

Anion

Anxcrrois

AnfiieiibViJaraatc

Aiivergn

Aublgiii

Aii);nl<:lm

Armaij;iuc

Allrtcc

Agciiois

AuranKc

Avignon

AlctcriiL-y

AndiUi/ii

Algaive

A7.«rc

Afturia

Aragiiii

Arraii

Angki'ty

Ills

AuftraHa

Artois

Alliua

Lib. II.

'i
i~
ISi
-8
85
Hi
166
181
209

197
187,227

1.-8

114
lb.
;'i

2lL

221
231

275

ib.

557

285,249

?5c

351

4c?, 4S-1
420

A!gnw

4:8

Afcr

Artliiilen

483

Araliia

A)'.i;crr!iiiis

494

Dtftrra

Aliradioii

518

I'errof*

AiiO ia

4?5

Kclix

Ausbacli

444

AmaU'hjiis

Aria

491

Artyria

Allen

lb.

.^diabcne

Al>(yrtidcs

555

Atraraclutis

Aiilialc

446

Aladciile

Arlie

55^

Armenia nijior

Aduu propria

57a

Armenia minor

Arcadia

58.

All)«ni,i

Argolib

584

Atropatia

Acliau

587

Arac lolia

Artica

58H

Aria

Athens

ib.

Altai

^'F.tolia

595

.•\nian

Atli.ini.mia

5j6

Agra

■'icarniiiia

597

Aiitca Chcrfonefus

Alliaiiu

59>

Ava

•Vgean

Arraclian

■Vgiiia

616

Aiiihciiia

Aiiiirob

617

\iuplic

619

Lib. IV

Aliydalca

ib.

Africa

Lib. 111.

Africa propria

Ada

6^9

Augut'iaiiica

.Mia iiiiior

(541

Aicadu Kgyptiaca

Afia propria

650

Aninioiiiaca

Afia Ipccialius difta

657

Algara

Anatolia

641

Algeiri

Aitutxtns

«4S

Atlas -W.

MoVii

«57

Agadci

Aiiiatliiifia

679

:4'.thiopia fiiperior

AmrrKMlfs

A;thiopia inferior

Auraiiiiii

718

Athiopick lilts

7JI

767

Angote 1
Am.ira >

980

768

Add

769

Adea

984

775

Agalyin'M

989

771

A^.'-iSf or Giaccbi

951,99a

787

Angola

995

ib.

Anv.icluna

997

ib.

Afcenfion We

10:}

75^

Anni'ion

9004

798

Alilanticilnf.

1007

650

America

IDII

80?

Amies .\r.

1055

815

Ama7.or.8

1083

«J4

Aiitigi>

IC93

826

Anilralii rncognita

IC91

856

860
885

9C9
907

r> Afilicatc
I>i;,u.

77
75

903,912

bclgica 18

I fy l.i,i

C19

Barroii

187

Brie

ib.

Boiibgrois

t99

932

Bretagnc

194

>45

Beaulk

900

92-

Blo.s

aor

929

r.ctry

ao)

9J'

Bourbon

aba

956

Eeaiipolii

ao>

949.950

Ewtlic

311

905

Beam

16.

971

Bigoirc

•1}

975

Brcilc

«a4

!>89

Biirgjndv K.

aat

loco

Biirgundi t>.

22$

c c cc

Burgundy

-*&»

!• -'*"

TABLE 11.

Bii;gundy f.

2:8

B'.irgundy Tr*n(iurane

•5?

r.ifcjy

aJ4

E.-tica

348

Birurij

2<Jj

Batcares

284

Brirame

293

Bairtfey

35'

The Borders

3J0

Lib. 11.

Eclgii-m

^59

Bovillon D.

^77

Bra'iant

378

Eiircn E.

389

Etvi riand

38*

Eerg

411

Eril,;ovr

428

Bavaria

430

Ejmhcrg B,

444

BaHin

44"

Bohemia

450

Erandc'Hbnr)>

45<

Iruilwick

47'

liitrmcn B.

47*

BorRla»c

489

lialiul; fca

ib.

Baltick Itlanda

ib.

EoiLiliolm

491

Bkfcica

49'

Bvjchus

45-!

Degqcrhiiis

ih.

Eodia or liodncr

505

Eiartiiia

516

Evfiiia

552

BcIVarabia

S-i

Bulgaria

568

Kaotia

591

h^ffHiiHS Tnr.vius

fi,

&//. Ci:i:mains

84.

'J-' •

ir.

Itb. III.

Eitliynia
Bacaiica

B:tb. Rclr^li.

Bui'.irnin

y^alAlor.ia

b,ili.unaii K.

Baftiij

lijr^ii

U.itji.rcr

l.ingala.

Hamiaf lirjnij 9:.

land J ni

Boir.io

liaKcam

S4:

7'7

:i8

7^1

78?

830

8 So
SCI

9~i
^,9or
9 18
92-
921

CEltica
Campania
Car pagna di Roma
Calabria

Supcrigr

Inferior
Capicanacc
Capr_.i'
Capraria
Canierinc
Chioggia
Corfica Cyrnus
Chanipaigne
Coniingcs
Oharroiois
Corduba K.
Corvo
Caftile
Caralonia
Ccrdagnc
Connaughc
Calliteridc-s

lib
Cambray B.
Cleveland j

Colon B.
Caiinthia
Carniola

Cimbrrdi <~hcyfinrfe
CodoiianM
Corelia
Curland
Condora
Calan
Croatia

Carpathian Mciintms
ContadodiZara.
Coriiitliia
Chaonia
Conlhntinople
Cydadts
Cytlura
(•rcrc
Candle
Caiiea
Claudia
Cia

Corcyra
Ciirzola
Ctphalonia

181

lOo

ib.

>33

123

«?9
186
213

227
25o
277
270
38 1
283
344
35«

.371
409
414

4J8
tb.
484
49 1
515
527
$i«
518
552
540
554
58S

597

6c9

61 i

6i$

ib.

0,523

16.

624

619

627

554

Canara

Cononor

Calecut

Cranganor

Cochin

Cai-Coulan

Coulan

Couche ' ,

Champa

Cannboia

Cauchin China

Lib. i^'."

Cyrene

Cartilage

Conltantina

Chaus

Couche

Lafraria

Canaric l(land>,

Cofyra

Cerciiia

Cano i

Cafcna J

Canada

Ciciiic

Cibola

Couliacan

C iiialoa

Calirormia 1 u

Chiapa

CortuRira

Chiametli

Calklla Aurea

Carthagcna

Cul'co

Ccllao

Crux dc- la Sierra

Charcha

elide

Capitanix de S. Vin-
cent.

di Rio di laiiierej
di fpitito Sanrto .
di FortoScgaro(
dosllheos
diTodoslosfan.'
di Ftrnambuc'
di Timaraca
di faraiha
diBioCrandc^
di 5iara
di Muzagnon ?

Dan

Dead fa'

Drdiigiaiia

DulHnda

Delby

Din

Dccan

3^-

Lib. IV.

Duccala

Dara

Damuc

Daiicali »

Dobas S

Darien

Dominica

Dtfeada

Domingo

Europe
B.xiiichtUc
KMrtinadura
KbuiCj
England
Eaji- Angles
Ei'jl-iaxons

!,.'>. lil.

Lffr. Iv."

Hjrbiry J41

li J luria .^r.tiijua - 3

liiiga c.'.;a

liUdii'gcrid c.-j-j
Kuim ?

r.orni'ni 5 ^'i

I'agrniedfum c8i

li )L'iia)'.alTtim 982

lianis 984

I.aml,u i ''■^^

lavcaulaoi^ I SI I

hi ion ic2<

Briton tile ib.

EtTmu.i)Z 1030

BradI 1079

Bahania 1033

Cmiaire 127

Barba.ios io«3

Ebrcalii Incognita 1089

Cappadoria
Catia
Cilicia '
Chios
Cljroi

Cr)05

Carpathos

C)priis

Coel- Syria

C< luagena

f I'i'/iii'i

Colchis

Cufiuinfi'ii

C:iciij]i.:ni

ChaldJta

Carmania

Carliay

Cafctr

Chefmur

Camul

Carazcn

Cardandan

Caindd

China

Circr K.

Caiiibaia,

887,

«48

031

6i5
CJ72

674
ib.

«7$
577

700

697

:i»

8 .1

829
^45
^■ii
821
853
855

857

8«4

6
,818

I di Paria

Cumana
I Ctibagna
j Coche
I Caribcs
I S. Chriftophcr

S. Crux

Cuba

Duveland

Denmark

Ditmarfli

Dwina

Dilniatia

Dacia

Dai dan ia

Doris

DcIm

Atilphine

Lib. II.

Lib. III.

Doris

Druflans

Dttapolij

1080

1081

11.

Eaft-Frifcland

Eftland

Elis

Kpirus

Euxine feit

trithynnus

Eiibota

Echinadcs

Lii.

Fl'hiaim
Ergimul

111.

953
967
980

f8j

IC58

JC93

ib.

1CJ5

3a
93

253

2?4

394
314
3«J

477
526

579
597
rti2
613
61$
62$

725
857

Lib. IV.

IC82

rc88
IC90

lb.
io«3
1094

lb.
1096

Egypt
Eriiflfc
El Habat
Eftotiland

223

?85
481
4815
519
55J
558
614
595
6ii

662

719

F'avognana
Fcrrara

Hamlnia
I Friuli

Klorwice D.

Krantc

France Ipceial

Iflc of France

Forrill

Foix

Floics

paial

Frunienr.iria
Lit.

Flanders

Hainniengjnt

Imperial

Callicaiic

Kranconia

Fionia or Fuincn

Fiwera

Falrtri

lio^rn Ocean

Finniark

Finland

trcczland

Lib

II.

IV.

FclTc
Fa igar

934.928

957
9$6

85
9i
SI

129

ijo

«73

182
184
ao)

212

ib.
277
S84

3^5

tb.

i'.6

ib.

44*
4J0
491
490
49*
$oS
ib.
A9i

?54>955

984

tucrt

T A 'B L E 1,

95?
967
j8j

n
26)

S94
3«4
3"J

477
526

$79
S97

rtl2
61?
61$

625

725
857

S«

120

«7?
182
184
ao}

212

ib.
977
S84

jij

ib.

ii6

lb.

44«
4J0

491

4 SO

49>
$oi

»i.
49*

Fuerte ventura

Florida

f return Davis

PretHin It Maire

Vairy-land

GIglio
Genoa S.
Geneva 5.
Grifons B.
Gallia

Cifalpina, Togata

Coniata

Erjccjta
GaAinoii
Gkiiliici
Cuiic

Giirenne [

Gafcoign
Garntfey

Ciuipafcoa •

Gallicia
Gadcs
Cibralrac i
Granada
Gratiofa
S. Georges

Lib. II.

Gelderland
Groyiiiiigiu
Germany
Gulick

Gothland Cunt.
Gothland Ifle
GroinUnd '
Greece
CyaiOi

Lib. III.

Galatia

Caditcs

Oitend M.

Galilee

Ctfliur

Gaulonicis

Georgia

Geodrolia

Gaznratc

Goa

Gouren

Cilopo

Lib. IV.

Gnzzala
Garec

G07a

Gaulot

Gnalaca

Gmnbra ^

Ghenegar

Gialoft >

Guber l

Guinea J

Guangara^

Giiiega 5

Guagerc

Goyami

Gorgades

Gomera

Guanahani

GHanima

Guadalalara

Oaayaca

GHatimala

Guiana

Granada

Guadalupe

1005
10; I

1092
1094

I??
196

159

170

«73
141

181
ib.
184
188
191
aio
211

2?I

254
459
262
261
265
277
ib.

58!

i9°
■i96
410
$02
5c6
497
574
617

647

7««

706

719
718
717
80J
la;

8«7
299

?oa
919

95»

45
964
971

97a

97?

,78

981

1004

looS

10??

ib.

1041

1050

Io$a, io5J

Io»3,io84

K9?

: . ib-

flfero

iJHiftria
Hccruria*
Hapsburg £.
Helvetia
Hturcpoix
Hifpania
Hebrides
Holy land

Lib. _U.

Ilainalt

Holland
South Holland
North Holland

Horn E.

Hegow

Hanaw

Henncberg E.

Hadia

Holftoin

Hatlandia

Hemsdes

HjperbiremVi. .',

Hungarie

Htmns M.

heUeffint

Helcnc

87
121

129
166
167
i8j
241
?49
35J

3«9
982
ib.
38?
579
427

442
445

47?

485.486

491

5'?

54«

572
61?

619

Lib. in.

Hevnan M:
HierufalciB
Hyrcania

Lib. IV.

Hfa

Hafcora
S. Helens
Hicrro
Holy Fore
Hefpt rides
Hon dura
Hifpaniola

70S
7?2

• 2($

95?

lb.
100?
1005
IG07

ib.
105?
1095

Italy
Ijlcof KutUs
Ifchia

Ijlcs of ibc AdiiiUicii.
)udccha
Ilva
Ividot
]arfey
Ireland
Ha
]ona

]uitland

Ifeland

|ugra

jllyricum

Imbtus

Iom*n Sttf

Ithaca

lllyris

Lib. ,11.

Lib. IH.

Ionia

Ifauiia

Icaria

Ii-arinn 5t'/«

Ifhtob

I rarzi

inachar

Ib.

100,196

IS?

1??
191

2?I

340

349
li.

4t7
495
516
551
614
6,4
6]8
554

657
666

«74
718
716
722

Judaa

ludah
Idumxa
Ifnmliti-s
:tK-ria
ImoMs M.
India
Intra Cangem
Extra Gangcm
I/leslof Bi'n^d/d

angonu

apan

ava major

ava minor

Lib. IV.

Inhamban

Imbians

S. lago

jucatan

Jamaica

infulz Solomonis

727
729
736
771
>o?
8;6
876
879
905

90?
908
910

9«5

921
922

992
994

ICC4
1050
1097
1092

Ktitefs

Ent/f.
Kenites

?'i

771
847

LAtiiim ■
/-ipara
Land of the Church
Luca S.
Lomhardie
Liguria
Lugduncnds
Limaiga
Limofm
La March
Languedock
Lionols
Lufitanica
Leon and Oviedo
Licmfter
Lundie

Lib. II.

Limbourg

Luxenbourg

Leige

Lutckland

LoreiQ

Luchtenbcrg

Luntnbourg

Lawenburg

Lufaria

Lippe £.

Langcland

Lawland

LapU.id

Livonia

Lettenland

Liruania

Laconia

Liburnades

Locris

Lemnes

Leucadia

Li*.

Leuco- Syria

Lydia

Lycia

Lycaonia

Lcibos

III.

34
86

91
»35
141

136
181,225

20?

208
ib.

215

225
248, 274

257

34?

3SI

375
373
375
ib.
422

44?

471

467
455
47*
490
lb.
J04
525
527
5.^8
581
555
594
594
614

<46

«<9

661
664

671

Lapethia

Lop

Labor

Laos

Lcquin

LulTon

Lib. IV.
Libya

Vibya interior
Libya Dtftrta
Latophagitis
Loango
Loandc
Lanferotte
Lu:aios
Lima
ladrones
Lands of Chivalry

671
857
884
$c8

ib.

9P
9^5
pf8
964

997

998

100$

lOJJ

1067

1092
1094

MOiofTe
Mazara
ilona
Muriano

Marca Anconirana
MarcaTrevigiana '
WditerrMuui fea
Malamocco
Millain
Mantura
Modena
Montferrat
Maine
Monpenficr
Murcia
Montpelier
Majorca K.
Majorca llland
Minorca
Mercia
Munfter
Meath
Man

S. Maries
S. Miclud

86
12?

96
118

81
122

143

146
147
149

ii6

atf7
as?

283
284
s8)

3«5

34$
34?
350

377
ib.

Lib.
Marqiiifate of

Machlyn

Mark

Muers

Mcntz S.

Montbtlgard

Moravia

Mecklenbivg

Magdeburg

Mifnia

Mansfield

Molcovia

Mpfaiskic

Mordwitz

Maffovia

Mellida

Moldavia

Mxfia

Meffene

Mycens

Megaris

Maccdon ,

Mygdonia

Meios

the Empire

379
380

4»»

409
416
422

494
461
464
463
^66

5«4
ib.

5i»
53«
S»«
5*»

S*?
$«o

584

$91

601,603
604
619

Lib. in.

Mecapontus

Myfia

MyfiaOlympeni

Moeonia

Mcntefia

Wdiamtes

yitaiitts

Ccc«

<44
654

65$
659
662

712,771

7l«

TABLE 1.

lAmafles 7«7

Mtfopouitii*

Media

Marfiini*

MaiitUo

Noiiltin

Mdlabar

Mjk'tur

MaUca

Muaiitay

Martavaii •

Naciii '

Mcaco

Mindanao

Macallar

Madura

MaldivA-

^ o'licoes

L\b. W.

Mauritania
Ciraricnfis
Siiifcnfis
Tiirgirana

Morocco K.i

Morocco i'. 5

M.im.i/acJ;;

Malra

Mclly

Mcroe

Mtljiidc 7

Monibaza J

Morjml)iiiue ?

Moinlicmjgc *

Moinmorapa

Mar.ica

Nanlcong')

Madagafcar

Mjhclia

Mauritius

Madtra v

Mar; -land

Mexico

Me.sicana

Mccliuacan

M.irtyrcs Iflos

S. Martha

MagUIai.ica

Mjgi-llane Straits

Maragtion

Margarita

Matluino

Koiia I

Moiiico i

Muiidus alter & idem

,7'4
789
8u
8?o
684
j6.

s;o4

8;o

909
511

912

ih.
9i5
917
920
922

524
918

3S
949
551
S54
55a

9J7
964
972
978

990

991
59*
952

994
looi

loOJ
»A.

1028
1 104'

1045

1C-5J
1059
1974
lo7i
ic8'
1090
IC9J

1895

109J

Nadionenfis

Normandy
N'vtrn Is
Nivarrc

Nortniiniherland K.
Nortij Wale*

L;A. //.
Namir
Nadaw
N)r:ligoia
N ivogrod the Grear
Novogrod Inferior
Kinhtrn Oceaa
Nofwcy
Nova Zcmla
Noricum
Negroponc
Naxos
Nurenljerg

Lib
Kafththali
Natiatlixa
Nagaiaiit

iir.

8l,2l«,

217
ir. I

2l'2
250

3'4

327

371

440

448
5'5

518

495
494
520
435
<5i5
<I7
449

719

847

Lib. IV.

Numidia antiqua

948

Numidia nora

9<o

Nubia

974

Norumbcega

1034

Natifcoet

1024

Nicaragua

1054

New BrctaKoe

1021

Nova Francia

1023

New-found-land

I02i

Nova Scotia

1024

New England

1*26

NoTUin Belgium

1021

Nova Albion

1028

Nova Callicia

1040

New Bifcay

1042

New Mexico

104}

Nova Hifpania

1044

Nova Andalufia

1058

New Granado

lodo

Nievcs

1094

Nova Guinea

1093

New Atlantis

I&94

New World in tlie

Mo«n

1095

ORIeanois
Oleron •
Orange, v. Aurange
Olava
Oviedo
Thi: Ocean
Orcadis

Lib. II.
Ovirydcl
Oldenburg
Ocland
Obdora
Ofilia
Oebalia
Orrygia

Lib. III.
OAocne
Ormus
OriAaii

Lib. H'.

OraAnterofa J
Orenoque
Orbis Aiftieus

aoo

250

2iO

357

345

388
478
506
515
527
58.
617

790
822
901

57'
108;
IC89

Lib. II.

S. PlulE, 4 '^7

Pfirtz 4>2

I'alatinatenfilie Rbcne 417

of Northgoia 448

pUglia

X. Frochira

I'rincipatc

I'apacic 8<

S. I'eters patrimony

Povegia

Pifa S.

Planafia

Parma V.

Piemont

Paris

Picardy

Pontheia

rerch

Poidoii I

Per i got t

Province

UrtntM nmnuitts

Portugal

Pico

Powillau

Pomona

PiOland

,87,&c.

?9
12?
132
134
"48
155
• «5
188
189

«S3
ioi

scS
118
340
377
876
327
349
3i4

Pannonia

541

Pomerania

459

Pcrmia

517

Pctzora

51^

Pkfcow

Poland K.

524

Poland i'r.

535

Podolia

53"

Podlallia

53»

Pruilia

ib.

Pliarus

553

Poiitus

569

Peloponnefua

577

Phocis

592

Propontii

tfi3

Pri.'cenntfuc

ib.

Pjrub

61-!

Lip. III.

Pontui

644

Calaticii!)

ib.

Pclemoniacus

645

Cappadociu'^

lb.

Paphldgnnia

646

Plirygia major

653

mine r

651

i'ergamus K.

656

I'ifidia

66^

I'amphilia

6ti

Patmos

674

Paphia

679

Phoenicia ^

688

Palmyrcnc

699

Palcninc i

707

rhilijlims

727

Pcraa

712

Panchaia .

774

Panea

720

Pcrfia

816

Perfis

81;

Parapomiliis

«2$

Parthia

827

Pencga

883

Patenaw

902

Parane

910

Prom

907

Pegu 9

11,912

ftllohan

917

i'olcrone

919

Fool away

ib.

*'hilippinc Iflands

JI7

Lib. iV.

i'haros

923

Peiuba

996

Pango

597

yiinca Iflani

IC04

Falma

lOOJ

i'anuco

1045

Peruana

1056

Panama

1057

Fopayana

IC«1

Dela Plata

1077

Providence

1091

Peru

lo5}

Paria

1088

Porto Rico

1094

Pfitracoium Regio

1091

rmt!fs Wivis Iflnni

lb.

ROmandiola '
Rome
Rharia
Kethelois
Rochelois
Rouvergn
Rhe Klc
Roufillou
Rothfay

Lib. II.
Raveftcin
Ravensburg
Rip
Rulfia

Rullia Nigra
Khezan
UaRufi
Ralcia
Rhetimo

Li
Rhodes
Reubeniu't
Rio di la Hacha
Red feu
Name
Ramcz

III.

9«
101

170
•91

2C9
2t6
2«I

388

350

379
476
483
510

53>

517

553,556

5>.>

62}

67$

7'4

1059

774

90 1

1024

Qyilea
Qniticui
Quivita
Qiiitos }
QL'ixos i

Ueetu

Lib. IV.

209

590

99a

1035

I0(5<

SIcil
Stromboli
Sardinia
Sabinia

Spoletano Ducato
Sienna S.
Savoy
Saluzzes
Swiaerland
Sanitcrrc
Soiifons K.
Sologne
Sanccrre
5ark
Spain
Sobrarbe
SoHlh-Suxons K.
South-Walts
Scotland
Sodore
Schccland

SerlingcsorSillialflcj
Sunderland

lib. II.
5cdan
Schowcn
Spires B.

Saeni or Stiiwaben
Salrzburg B.
Stierniark
Solm E.

Swartzenbere E.

Silcfia

Saxionic D.

Saxionic fr.

Sroremarlh

SIcfwick

Scland

Scandia

Sconia

Swcthland

Sweden

5criefiiu'a

Smolcnsko

Sever la

Sarmatia Europia

Afiatica/.j,

Samogitia

Sda vonii

9i
86
»V
>8
97
«J«

•56

•«3

189

190
«oo

30$

»3»

340

>5i

3«i
3»7
33°
349
ih.

351

353

371
38$
418
421
437
43«
437
44«
44$
4»S
46a

4<S
4lt

48g
4<9
49 >
49»
500
504

io$
514

5»7

}ao
190

5a«

»5o
Servia

9«
lol
170
191
SC9
'216

2?I

388
350

476
483
510

53>
$•7

53,55«

62)

67J

7«4
1059

774

90t

1024

86
89
58
S7
«J«

• S6
16,

189
190
loo
20$
ijl
240
»5"
311
327
3?o
349
>^.
E» 3SI
35}

37J
38*
418
4»i
I 487
43«

'1- 44»
44«
4»S

4*5
4>S

48 s
4B9
491

'■Igpl

'■* - ^-^^ "** " ^

lT\

V A

'B L b 1.

Servia

iii Toledo li.

'iti

Tro^loriitica

975 Wales

S.ivia 541

, «5i

Tcrctra

%'ib

1 iKicnaon

P79

Nirth-WjU'S

Sicyonia ' , .

578

Thule

349^9«

Toira

9?«

S0Uth-Wj|iri

3 7

Sparta - . •

j8i

Thancc

352

S. '1 lion as

1.-05

Wight

■(52

Saniothracij

dt4

Tenanffc

i«o5

Salamis ^

iti

Ub. It.

Terra Corterialis

loll

Lib. II.

Scyros • T <i8

Tortugas

1033

Scriphia

619

Tokn

585

Tiguer,

1055

WalcluTi-

385

Iporadcs

ib.

Triers B.

415

Tlafcjlla

10^9

Well- hi lie land

Sii

Sittia • '

6it

Tirol

439

rabafco x::. •

1051

WurtTbiiig tt.

444

Scrophades

(524

Tifiiige

491

Tucayan

1. ?7

VVincn!;erg

445

tib. III.

Tuver

Trondlicim

519
4y5

Tucuman . ,
Trimdido

It.
1 87

Waldcck
Wcftpluliii

474
475

Solj

657

Turingia

446

Tabaga

IG77

WulfafJike

385

SamoJ

673

Tranlylvania

559

Toruga

iLjl

Worrni B.

4i3

Salaminia

680

Tlubes

59»

Terra del Fucg^

lb.

WjggerlaiiJ

485

Syria

684
693

ThcfTalia
Thrace

60J

607

Wardhuis
Whctn

4;5

490

Syria propria

Syria Sobab

700

Tmaciiis Bifphams

6'3

Wiatka

517

Syria Maacha

697

Tliynnius

ib.

Wororine

519

Samaria

713

Thaffus

614

T TAldeNjto

Wolodoniir

519

Simeon

729

Thera 4

619

Withuihbia rjland

520

S.iai:cnt 77

o>77P

Tenos

ill

Urb;nc D.

Windifchlaiid

551

S phene

80=

Lib. III.

Umbria
Venice S.

97
118

Siifiana

818

Troy K.'

(551

Schycliia

852

Tcnedos

670

Venice C.

123

X \

SiCX

848

Trabewnd Emp,

645

Valtfia

163

Sogdiana
Samoyeds

849
851

T/iachoniiis
Taurus M.

716
796

Vaiois
Veroniandois

183

19U

^^Antoign

1^9

Serica

8S4

Tureomania

798

Vendofiii

201

Lib. IV.

Sinda [

887

Tnikj

8c5

Venuifcinc

226

Sanga

886

Turcheflan

8)0

Valcuria

aSo

Xoa

984

6'i«ni K. 1

909

Tartaria

840

Ulfter

344

Xalifco

1041

Siam I'l:

910
919

i'tecopcnfis
Dtftrta

841
844

Lib. 11.
Voern

384

•

Sinda «!■ Selcbcs

Sumatra

9»t

Antiqua

859

Utrecht

387

Tartar fr.

860

Vindelicia

43'

Lib. IV.

Thumcnfct

847

Veieravia

440

Tainfu

857

Voitland

446

Lib. II.

Sui

95»

968

57"

991

9?7
ib.

Tangutli .

857

VolodoKiir

519

.Vara

5aiiaga

Thcbtt 5
Tabor 4

859

Volhinia
Valachia

530
563

^7EUnd

384
389

SoUU

Tenduci

Valeria 54^5 51

Zcnila Nbva

520

5unda

Tarnall'ar

9(X)

Veggia

555

Zacukia

560

5ongo

Travancor

898

Vib. III.

Zara

554.556

ineof 5'ablc

1025

Tangu

907

Verira

Si»

Zanc

62$

Seio

103J

Trippara

901

Lib. IV.

lib. III.

SolomoRi ]uf.

I09«

Tandair

917

Virginia 10

26,128

Zahiilon

7>i

Tiniorc
T^renate

918

ib.

Uxiripa

104 J

Zavolhcnfes
Zagathay

846
848,849

Utrapaz

1051

Lib. IV.
Tliebais

919

Veragua
Venezuela

1054
1089

Zellan or Scilaii

913

TTErra di Lavoro
J. Terra di Ocranto

Tunis K.

945,646

5'. Vincent

1093

Lib. IV.

Tripolis

645

Utopia

'95

Torcellan
Tufcanie D.

122

TIrennefen

949

Zcrby lilc

964

119

Taradant

95»

Zanaga

968

Tyrrhenia

ib.

Tcdies

953

Zuenziga

ib.

T'jfcan Hies

■3)

Temerna

954

Zanzibar

989

• Jerafciie

191

Targa

968

Zocatora

lool

Tourein

198

Terra Nigritarum

976

T \ rAllidand
VV WcJlSMonK

'162

Zacatecas

1041

TarraconcnHs

248

Tombucum

97»

31a

Maredel Zur

1092

'^^

The end of the Fir/l Table.

r*-:

i'>

FT »

l^Sii^

T A B L E II.

•0^3Hb>>^«a€d» -> ^€B^ 4>€3^ <0€9^ 4Ma&«' '. O-^Fvo- •(>€ JO ^ 4H S«> ^ <H-:rrO p«»

A Table of the ancient names of the Tribes 4«</ Nations which

are herein fpeclfUd i as they are delivered by Ptolomy, Strabo, Pliny,
and the reji of the old Geographers.

Amarifp.^

831

AftcrbenJ

829

'•

j4i.fchienfcs
Alan!

'74
«43.85'

A '"'*

Arinchi

843

/-\ Allobroges

15a

Argaricj:

848

jL X Anibiani

157- 188

Anabi

855

Abrincantcs

192

Alanoefi

851

Armorici

155

Afi Ota;

ib.

Ambiliatcs

«95

Aletrophagi

«$<5

Andes or Andegjvi

197

Abaci

ib.

Arvcmi

104. 217

Afpitlirj;

370

Agneiifes

III

Acadr.t

ib.

Aiu'(ii

ib.

Anabatla'

ib.

AKirliciifcs

217

Aii J

Albigcnfes

!l5.2I7

Arvari >•

881

Areconiaci

217

Adifathra: ^

Apinctiilcs

224

Animachi:

9o5

Aculiaiii

2li

Anurograanini

924

Alluits

157

Lib. IV.

Anrrigoncs

355

jT.gypiani

9?*

Ar.vacx

271

ASyrinachida?

531

Aiiy.irani

282

Arabes Azart}

Aitrcbatif

308

Arabes Adri }

PJ4

Auccri

' Asbeti

9}}

iii. II.

Africerones

f66

Atttcbarcs

ii-l

Auroiica; y

Adiucici

363

Agargcni ^

9?4

Aleiranni

i96

Achalinccs.'

Angel)

4?«

Alauni

435. 5JO

E) Kutii
IJ Balari

Am!-.i!ici

Ambiljnrii

AmbidraiBiir.i

lb.
ib.

" 77
139

Angrivatii

Aciwi
Acliivi

' 475

■ 578

5*7

Bcllovaci
Ecllocain
Baioctnfts

183

193
lb.

Anibrones ;

47?

Biturigcs Cubi

20$

Argivi

574

Biturigcb&ubifti
Soil .42,203,49:

110

ArJi

491. 556

)4?345o

Asachyrfi

S20

Eigerroncs-

213

Aorfi

529

Bicterciifcs

217

Avarini

5?4

Etdii

»59

Avarcs 435.545.84^

Balhili
Baftiraiii

264

Aviili

544

271,181

Aijvici

545

Bruftcrj

»3»,3«3

Anani

56«

Bclg*

308,360

Aiottres

570

Crigantci

,308,346

Athaiiunes

5fS

Blanii

ib.

Aftrai

600

Lib. II,

lib. m.

Batavi

386

Aufit*

758

Brixamcs

4>9

Aduheni

769

biephi

5*1

Agr.Ti

ib.

Boiemi

450

AdramitA'p

Eemi

lb.

Avaricia; ?■

777

Batiiii

455

Abuceni ^

Baflarnx

557

•\.%xi

ib.

Boruiri

5J»,534

Albani

5J9,8-5

Brcuci

544

Arytipbii

8o4

Burrcdenfii

5«i

AmariacU

• 8i5

Eelli

552,553

ArK

82a

Bardi

611

Arbicuri

814

Lib. III.

Agriafpa:

ib.

Byccni

647

Atomaipe

825

Batrii

8>4

Arii

825

Bergii

8i5

Aftorani

ib.

Bafilici

848

Arfucnft.

,b.

Byki I

;i.

Batx
Bittigi
Bafadx
Barrx

Lib- IV.

Belemmyx

Baflacliitcs

Burcs

Barczi

Barci(.F

855
881

9c5
//'.

9?«

ib.

9?3

C"^araceni
^Cannpani
Calabri
Cyclopes
CenomaHi
Corfi
Carni
Ccntronei
Ceirs
Caralauni
Caletes
Carnucci
Cadurci
Convenares
Conrerani
Cavari
Cherufci
Cantabri
Carini
Cilini
Capori
Carpcnrani
Celcici
Caftcllini,
Conteflani
Celtibcri
Cerrerani
Caferani,
Cantiani
Cattiduchlani
Coricani
Cornavii
Caledonii
Cantx
Candni
Comubii
Cauci
Caricndi

Lib
Caninefates
Calcuconci
Carni

Charitini i
Chafmiri
Cherufci
Cacti
Cliauci

Cf^anci maiorcs
Chauci minor«&
Chanani
Chah
CN^radei
Cimbri
Cobandi

7»
69

75
ti
JIP.'4».I97>IS8
139
151
o >57
«73
i85

■ 193

too

, »C9

ib.

•14

»3»

»55

ib.

»59

ib.

»58,»7i

l«4,.78

171

98 1

27i>»tl,»85

t«?

'■■ l8t

: .908
»*.

ib.
..■ ii,

334

lb.

lb.
345

ib.

II.

3t£

4>9
438
44 «
465

458,475
441
47 a
475
478
475
489
489

484,48?
ib.

Chiini

544

< hedni

497

Ceraunii

55<5

Ciicnenfii

55i

Cribi7i

55?

Curetcs

595,520

Lib. ;iii.

Cures

555

Caflanir.i'

777

Chaiicabeni

759

Cynadccolpitx

•777

Cattabaiii

ib.

Chalivts

804

Caucafii

8o<

Coffari

"7
819

Cadufii

^ ' 7

8i5

Carmani

821

Chetonophagi

832

Cabadini

ib.

Charadrx,

822

Cifpii

829

Chirondi;

ib.

Charifpx

831

Coamani

tb.

Cimnnerii

845

Coaxtra-

ib.

CalTorita;

825

Canapfcni

8,8

Chxnidcs

ii.

Cararx

ii.

Camari }
Comcda: J

Candari

849

Cherafniii

ib.

Cabocx

pc6

Chaca.-

855.855

Chanranai 1'

i/>.

Cafpirxi 9

Chareati >

881

Chadrammotita;*

Caduta:

906

Lib. IV.

Cynophancs

93a

Cirtcfii

9t9

Chitu*

9io

r^Ecenfes

224

Ij7,22I

Ditram

271

Danmonii !

30?

Durocriges

ib.

Dobuni

ib.

Damnii

334

Dimctx

323

Darnii

345./. 2

Dauciones

492

Daci

544

Davi

558

.Oaarfii

i5<

Danduti

446

Derii |

55*

Dardani

a47

Dinenlii

5<5?

Dinai

574

Dolopei

t A 'B L E II,

hicb

544
497,

^95,610

665

777
-]69

.777

lb.

804

80J

819
216
8ai
8a»
16.
822
8i9
ib.
8^1
ib.
84^
16.

•4

ifr

84?
ib.

906
8 5 5,8 if

Dtitac
pb. IV.

lcro»tcs

|e^

881
906

9?»
950

aa4

U7>"»

a7i

aoS

i».

f».

»?*

49»
544
55»

446

a<7

<74
Dolope»

Cores

595

Dotopcs '

<Ol

Dilongi

611

Lib. III.

Dcbryccs

816

DarandK

82,

Drachanu;

826

Dcrbici'

8?o

Drepfuui

849

Dryllophif.e

83i

Lit). IV.

Dribici

956

EngaiMfi
Eiiliuriidcs
lit)uronc&
Engolil'inenfcs
Edccaiii
Cricni

Lib. II.
hUbi
Kftii

Erruiiijtci
Epicncniidii

Lib
Epifteti
KIcl'ari
Elyni;:i
Eucrgcx
Eoritj:

III

l?7

203

381
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