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CONTAINING THE CHOROGRAPHY » HISTORIE AMERICA, And all the Principal Kingdoms, Provinces , Seas, and I Hands of it- By Peter. Heylin- Matth. 24. 14. Et fr*dicAhitu) hoc EvangtUum regtii , in miverfi orbe^ in iejlimonium omnibM Cmibus . cr tunc veniet copfummdiif. S.Hieronjm, in locum. Signitm Dominici dd'verUMf, e(i F.vangelium in tote Orbe fr*dicdrl , ut null w fit excufdbilis rjttodattt \am cof/ipUtum, autbrcvictrnimHs cemfltndum. LONDON^ Printed for Phillip Chbtvvind. ;i! i5^>-.- i ^1 i ■iO'^-:.'^ w Ze- • iTJ' Zc" Thi; ion i f' I f i ?K<70 PROVilMClAL Li,. :\.1Y VICTORIA, a 0. |2^rnclcJ\. 1^ - , "3' |^i^_— n I 111 frQin Omhl ^■^.4. nrrv V'*' 0, ''■"'» niVi CO ft/ Hat IHnr Huijfa . , -. Ii»/i iiinl.-rrJ X ''"^ Cal, ,14^. (FHE ATLA>JTrCK 1^ -Aloi-p,\^^^ o \fetT/ r .VWiiprne [lanflj' P. ":^^\ rl /^irf^y^ip^^ i Oun' The Fortnnal; t J a mm A li.in.ii \MARE The ...» Bay OF Me Kir _ ,;£2iS ^ Cf . - ii " ""■■' k fern- * '„^ •=! .•Ar»« &knce n \- aJ>" i^.., iNfoo B/'tf.ffj y^ t" tAFuf, /r-^- V jf ^: .«3«i f*iRAirtt£, . &^ r«'- ;^^i&^ INORTH Sea m iv.' ^iU t« IA.-Serrin4t \iU.1eicSaviiA»\ 1= J'^i^ 4^l^^-*«-^-- J *t^%. f/d, ^;4^i:ii;ifT?S.%;^Si "w /♦Xv ""'■»'"'""* ^M/<- ^ P^f Ur — ~-~^ I baitlb •: /• Sj 'gr'^ijiB I , . , J ■ , ^ [TnitiiUJi -i^agU dthjU "^"''^^^-^ Amki c 'i;/.jt/;/i neverfaw ; it might as properly have be.n called Coinmbma, Seb-tftu- r;.«, or Cabotu. I he moft improper name of all, and yet not much Icfte ufcd than that of America, is, the ;r./?. liiMes : /;f/?,in regard of the Weftern fituation of it, from tliefc parts q( Europe > and Indies ji\i\\tx !isri)ini)okforfomepartof/MjM,.itthetirft Difcovery, or elfe bccaufc thi; Sea-men ulcd to call all Countieys, if remote and rich, by the mmeoi J ndi.t. Many arc of opinion, but ratiia grounded on w«;i««nf/ prefumption5,than Demonftrative Argu- mints, that //w(M(.: was known loni; before ou*- 'ate Dili-overies. Their Reafons draw p. i. Ircm the 1 )ortrinc of the Aniioodes, wliich beint; m.unt leJ by many of the ancient Writeis , interreth (as they il)inkjahnowled,u,er thus, that it was known that tliere were Antipodes, but the ^/;;;,. poJ.is vverenot known, zlj. !tisfaid that //.wwo.a NobleCa)f/;.t5/3;j/(,dilcovereda jireat Klandiiuli;- Wedern Ocean , ::iJ aiicr a loiii; voyage returned home ai:;ain,not wanting Searooni , but Vii'iiials. as he tolJ ilie Senate. IJut lie tint writ theadionr. of /-:'.;«ot in this famous voyafje, C\vhic!i fome conti.i,vc to hv h.-.mio hini'ilf ) iniorms us that he l.iyled not Well wards, but more towards ti;e So .:!i : .ind tlitrt- !'" VAip-fAt Ifi.- /, wiridotvcr itwas, t whether /J-/.W.')v», or lome one of the Fortn.i.ue ilands, 1 ••' 'iin-nt- ■lot^ci/Ul" .OLbe^/,«(r»M. ^h. It is alieui'.cd that I'lato in \\\sTtmjti'.s IpuiKs of a i^rta. ill .di'fthe At,'uKtiik_0(edii^Ly!>iam& Africam ads^u.ou favour of Inni rnfK/iV.w h ith itj as bit; as Xv^'t, .indy//(/>it,psoi'vi!y Ivicilcd: v.bich livtoi'-ftifcth to b: dro\>;ud Ion;;: before iui time, -nd V V V V ' fiiere- :>8/79 Pacific N.V'. Hi?- :'--^:'icpo(Viblyne»«t i.it.intbui in(omemciis tatmcs. .,;,. ili.itbookbetmjIiH.Ksof »n Hlind very Iruii lull, .ind IuIk r. I li.it //;//;.//. in the bcok.f'. UukJu(\\ ili.it book be til* j IptaKsol »n liuna very truiiluii, .ina luiiol iiavif',abl<' Uivirrs itliliovtrtU l>\ il,t Or- tkiiii'iUHs and by them forbidden to be planted upon j\iin oi dcitli. VVIrcti iflind beirp affirmed by thaVAuthoi loht Mi4ltorHrn(iicri$Miiinire ^ijndihus )fMir4,\\M\\waiicU)wvmcn loiai'iv "" *" " ' ' -L III l.,.l Ac .1 ,r >i.,,fl.r .I..P k> <•. i>' 11 ..r^.. ..t >K.. f. . iliii Af'irxi I. 01 Ionic ot the pre.it lllandsol lup»/1/.M('.('; or lome other ol the lll.inds m the bcft Iricndi the I'hn nui.ins 1 Asil ir be .V.,,,. ..,..., ..,.,>.,VC II CO li'lit not be as wvll one nt the ,7c ics, or per iheKoadiii U.i»i: r voyni'C. Certain 1 dm , tint or.c lupj ^j) /,,,„,,,; or lome other ol the lll.inUs m ilieKoaOol il.inr. rvoynrc. Lertainlam, tint or.c ol the bcft Iricnd'i the /'fee Mvc,\vlu> would nut I'ladiy loll' (iiilt an cppominity ot ennblinp their ptiformancesm iV.l/ti. Arc fit Tenu ulttniu 1 hult Which may be En^lifhid in tliefe words ; Jh ihc Lifi tUjts 'in -i^e piitll tonic, lykniii the ulI'divuHTin^ tomi Sim// /ofc Us jurmrr Ic .'^Ji, twd Jlew '' ytnoihtr C ontintnt lu i/ior. New. worlds, trimh A'»^/)« tlnh now ctncc.tl, A feand Typhis jlti// rfii.i/i Jt» tiic fHrthiJf Slwr. liut tins Argument can biinu no naefTaiy , nor forrucli as ,i probable iri.rcnic, ofany fuchComi- r.cr.t as tins, tlicn known loS,ncc.i , tlic Poet in that C'l' nn fliewinp as well the loiitij'iial danj'ers , as the poflibL itf'.-ftsolNavi^ation ithii tlure mifilit be, not tliai there were racjie I.andsdi(ui\crid,tiian thole tojniriiy Known. Oij. Some hold tins Lountrey to be the Land oi Ophi,, to wliicii Si,/> nn>i it laid '.n tlicholv '■criftures to have fcni for Gold. ISut l.aitr , which is there alio laid to be ilic ll.ition where III- N'vy lay, wasfitu'tfin the bottom ot the A'f«/-.S>.i, or Bay ol ,^r.ili,i : whereas ii lit had lent this way, Ins fliippini; mull have lam at Jippa^ov fonie other I ort ofthe J/fiiiVo-i.o.Y.c.ard iromihentc let loru aids through the Sti cits ol'6'i/'r.Y//.ir, and lo plainly Wcllward. 7/r I inally.in the Hillory «t ir.i/es writ by David Powcl, if !'• reported that M,tdoc the Ton ot OwinGivinrdth I'l ince ol yy.i/n^ol pur- pofe to decline ini>a:'inf in a Civi/ wiir raifed in that Hdate , in the year 1 1 70. put himlclf^io Sea ; and alter a longcourJeol Saviiration, came into thisCountrey : whereafter he h^l left his men, and tuititud I'jme places ofadvantage in it , he returned home for more fupplics, wind) he carried with him in ten Barks ; but neither he nor they looked after by the reft ot that Nation. Vo w hich lomc add, tliat here it lHllibmefmatterinj;ofthc/(v/cfc,or 5miyi!>tonf£ue,tobcloundamoni'IUhcni ; .is that a .'iird with a white head is called Poipvin, and tlic like ; in which reaard, tome fony Statelmcn went aboi.t to em itle c^ccn i/itjibeth unto the Soveraipnty ofthefe Countrcys; Others more wile, diflw.idedlrom that vain Ambition, confiderinp VMlWi/tlj-mtn, as well .is others .mit'ht be call upon' thole parrs by torcc of Tempeft; and eafijy implant lome tew words oftheir own amonu the people there inliabitim;. And thoiiuh I needs muft lay for the honourof /kjA t, that they have more grounds for what tiiey lay , than thofc which look for this new World in the At/.im.s oi I'/.ito, the y4^/./»ff/)iii;««w« ; yet .im I not lo farconvmced of the truth there- of , the ufe of the Maniners Ccmp.ijj't- beini'.'not (b ancient Cwitliout which I'uch a voyauc could not be performed.) but that I may conclude with more larisfadion, that thisCountrey was iinkfltJw'n to the •ormer ai^cs. liut now, as Ait/-t the Geographer faid once of Brit.iin , tlicn newly contiucrcd by tlic Ri mu,n > Iiri- lannia (jna/u fit , (jita/efqii^ pru,u,t dtn rtur 1 quippf j.i;/; din cLmfiim :pvrit ccce I'rtncipum m*.ximni ( he means C/>iudiiti Citjar ) >icc indomitarHm moilo jtd fj- uiio^tJlurum .■ntcfcCcr.tiiim I'iilor ; fo may w^ ("ay of America, on thefe late dilcoveries What kinde ot ( uuntrey it is, and what men it produceth, wcdo, and fhall know more certainly than in tbrmcr iinii- lime thole puifTant Kinus of Spain have laid open all the parts thereof, inhabited not onely by iinvani|UifltLd , but even unknown Nations. lorGod remembrinu the promifc of his Son, that his Got j;el hciore the end of the World fliould be preached to all Nations; ftirred uponeC/jr/y/i/p/icrCo/c,;, orC(-/;(W'«(, born a: Nerij.in theSigncury of Genoa, to be the inftriimcnt tor finding out tiiole parts ot the World, to w Inch the found of the Gofpd had not yer arrived. Who bcinp, a man otyreat abilities , and horn to under- take p,reat matters, could not perlwadc himlelf ("the motion of the Sun coi.liJered > j but that there was znml.er fycr/du) '.vhich that s'lorious Plane: did import bnthliislirbt and tuat, when he went tfom lis. I his/(u//i/hepurpirinc(re;he wai at laif iiirnillicJ wiihtlireclhipc ontly, andlliiilcnoi lor(.onqULU,but PiUovciv With thi« fmall (Jrenpth la liylcJ on the niaiti Oiran more than ho dayci, yet tould (eena Land , to th.it tlic dilcontenteJ Sp.i>ii,ir,ii bet; in lo mutiny ; and partly our ot (corn to be under the command ot a Stranger, partly ddirous to return , would not ya .1 foot forwards. Jullatthattimeithapncd, ih.u CW«m^;/f did dilicrn (he Clouds to carry a clearer loloor, I hail tiicy did before : and probably lorcciving that thii clearncfle proceeded from lonu' twgh habitable place, ii.'ftrained the time of tiien exportation within the compiife of three liayei ; pallini' hit word(ottiurna^atn,il thrydid not feedicl.uid wjthmthattiinc. Towaidthc end ol the (hud day, one of tlicC onipany called Rodrip, dr TriMie (h.defii vcsfohavehis name recorded, b.-iniinooilin- u lie rewarded lor fucii jnyfull news j dclJBrfed fi c ; an evident Ar^umcnt that they duw near unto Ionic flioi c. The place difcovo cd w ii an lll.ind on the CJoaft of ll<,rid,t , by the Natives called iiu.th.i. iirti ih)' ColnHil'iii St. S.ivioMri ; now counicd oi.cof the Z/«.(;:. 1 1 . jtn. I49i Afterwards he dil«overed*jard took polliilion ot y//(yM»tW,r. and with much ticalure , and content, returned towardiA>4»i.V-'tcfred for tins (^oodlervae by ihe Kin^s tiicnileives, tiirt to be Admiral'ofthe /W« /, and afterwards to a Co it ol Arms , / r C^Jiih .mdLenn, Culnmbm huh {i-.tien << N K vv Wo V. LP; aPid in conclufion unto the title ol I Juke /Jc /.iTi^.*, in the lllc of J.im.iu.u. News ol thiiturtunateUifcoveiybeinn lent to l'opc///i.v.(«io-tlicO. by tue Kiniis of C.//?t, and built the Town of JJabtlU ("afterwards better known by the name of Domingo) in HijpaniolA -, from whence for fome feverities ufed againn the mutinous i'foMMri^^, he was fenc ptiloner into C<, but adding little to the fortune of his former difcoveriei, he returned back to C"///m, and "JHrnatct, and from thence to Sf.tin, v.'here about fix years after (that is to fay , A>i.\ 506.^ lie departed this lile , and was honourably intetred at Jrzi/, where to this day rcmaineth this Hpitaph on his 1 orabe , b ild in it fell, and otherwife exceeding (hort of fo great a merit , of which I muft tell you by the way , tliai the PIntip, whom the / erfifu r (I do not fay the Poet ) called Philippm Hii banns, (liould rather have been called PhilippHj Anftri,igui, or Philippur Bur^undus, as being meant of that PhiUp of ytitftrui, Uuke of BHYgund^, who had then married Jom, Sole Daughter and Heir of the Kings ol\S'/.im, and after the death oCjfdeUa fucceeded in the Realm of C«/?i/f , or elfe the Epitaph muft b: written long " .ifier his death, and meant of PWip the 2. Son of^CWAj the fifth, who was not born untill the year J 5 27. and came not to the Crown above zo years after. Now for this Epitaph, fuch as it is, it is this that I'olloweili : Chriftopborus _^M«i> iji«fw Genoa C/(«r4 Columbus, ., . llMfHttc/ (Nomine fercHlJus t}no uefcio) primus in Alt urn »• Dclccndens PtUgus, fctem tierfuffHe cadenttm DinBo CHrfu, noftro hatlcnus .idkita Mundo Litora detexi, Hiifano p'tttHrt Philippo ; AadendA hinc *liis p/urii,or majtrarelinijMent. Which may be Englijhed in thefe words: 1 Chriflopher Columbus , -nhom the Land 0/ Genoa firjl brought forth, jirfttook.in hand I knoTv not bj vku diety incited To fcoHri the Wejiern Seas ,aitd wai delight ti To fetk^for Country: never known bcjore. Crown'dwithfucce^e, I firfi di [cried the flmt of the New World , then tieflined to Juftain The future fokf of Philip ZW of Spain, jtnd jet 1 greater matters left behinde For men of tmre means and a braver mindt. V V v Dyiniz hi 1014 X A M E R I C A. ^1 '\ I'll', he Idt two Sons bcluntli; him, of which the youngeit c.illed FenliKanri-Mtd unmarried, t'lecldci*' tnlicd /)ii-.T(;, iiKCtcded his 1 ather indie Adroir.ilty ot tlie ///ti/W.and the Diiktiiom tl / ;_^.i,and iiisir;;^ii JfMii ol'/(7iX,l^ai:iiht(i-ot'i-Vr<^/«-««(iDokeof /7/:.!; buc^havingasitlccmeth; no iliue hy i 'V, ht liie'nt the I'.re.itclt part ol his Hllatc in foundini; the Library a: SttiJ.fpokzn ot before, which he li;rf iii,.-.i ivith i2co: Volumer., and endowed with a hbcral revenue to maintiin the fame. But ihoi;{,hhii \:.vfir k cxtiiii't, yet his I ame fliali live, renowned to all polfericics.as the firft difcovererot this new workl,n.'o conlciiucn':y the }ireaicft and moft 1 ortunate advancer ot the Sp.wijb Monarchy, tiiouah :n his !■'.■ rii),- to ni.'l'i'incvl by r oft part of the Spunkrdj, that Bch.niilh b:in;', lent into thofe parts for redretfi: ot ;'rie. vanccs, loaded l:im with Irons, and retuiT.vd him pi iioncr into J'fn'»/. Nordidthe^ oncly Itick afca iiii dtrai h , to dcpi ive Iiini of tlie honour of this Dijcoverji ("attributing a to 1 know not what J'p.m/.tra'.whcC: Cardi\ni Dcfcriptions h: bad fecn^ but in his lile would otlcn fay t(vu it was a matter ofno lutli difti- tulty CO havel'oundth:fe(;ounneys iandthat ifhchadnot doneit whcnhedidjomc boJy die in:t;hc liavc doiu it for him. Whole peeviflineflfe he coiitutcd by this modeft artifice, dclirinp fome of thcm.wlio miolL-iuly enoui'h li.id contended with him wuthing this Difcovcry, to nuke an V.gs, Hand lirmly tipoa one oi Its ends. Whitli when they could not do upon many Tfi.'ls , tie gemiy brui 'ini', one cn'l ot it, made it ftand iij)iii:ht , letiini; them fee without any turtiiLTrcprchtnfion, how catic it was I'u ' thac thini', whic! " fee another do before us. Hut to p'oceed . Cc/iimhs havin? thus led the way, was feconded by v^wi m «/ / < (/-,<,/?//; , in adve iru. roas hkni'tinc, imploycd tl:crcin by £»;id.i intheSouth.toiV^n'/ii/iwd /.i«i',andTfrr-o*'(;/uoftheNorth-eaft. So that according to that elegant fayini^ of the Learned Trcw/rfw, in \sk AdvAnamtr.t tf Itumin^, thii great building the world, /W;ii'w>- r/;oroii'-/(^/)f/ w-iii- initti//the/eni4rdajes:hy which as almull aH parts o\ Lctrning, fo in efpecial tiiis oiN.izigation, and by contequence of Cofmographj atfo , hath ob- tained an incredible proficiency in theti later times. For in the Infancy and tirft Ages of the world, f pardon me 1 befeechyou this (hort, hut .lotunprofi- taWe difgreflion) men hved at home, neither intent opon my rorrei,;;n Merchandifc, nor mquifitive after •he live* and Fortunes of their Neighbours : or in the language of the Po».i; , Ncndum ctcfa fur's pcregrimum ut viferet Orhem , MontihHS , in tiqmdiu I'lHUS dcfccnderM undas. The I'ine left mt the Hili o» vhich it ftaod , " T'i fcck^ flrange Lands , or rove upon the Flood. But w hen tlie Providence of God had inftrudcd Ntah how to borid the Ark, for the f»ref and Tibuilus , to tlw people of Tyri , a Town indeed of great wealth and traffick, and the moll hmous Empvj of the elder times; faying I'rimit r.Vem ventis credere dtSfa TyrUS. The Tyrians firfl the Art did finde To m>il'j Ships travcll with the ni>ide. And qucnionlcffe the Tyrittns , and the reft ofthe Pharicia*is , enjoying a large Sca-coaft,'arld many (afe and capacious Havens, being in thefe times msift fttongatSn, and making fo many fortunate Na- vitations into moft pans of the then known World ; might give the' Poet fome good colour tor his af- firmation. Irom the rin>;;ici,ms , the Egyptians (ihtn next neigliboUi tj might derive tlie Aj t of A'.;- zfTMivii ; though being an inj'tnous people, they did add much to it For wbtreas the litlt Veflels w ere iitlicr made of il:e body of lomc iueat Tree , made hollow by the Art of man ; or tile of divers boards falhioned into a Boat , and covered with the skins of Ikaft ; (fuch as are ftill in u(e amongft ihcl Ame- ■.ic.uis : ) the rl'aiii(i.ii;.' brought tjicm firft into firength , and farm j but tJie i'jirfnjw adil ' )ecki untf «■:' , he I :;; .•.) W,;.,-n V rm.' ccr hii wlioC; wljffi. m.who upon ot it, ■ tliac AMERICA. unio them. Hy DariMn Kinnof l^nTf^ w*^" ''* ^^^ 'f*^'" '^" brother luimejis , the uk- ot iluppin : \vas Hrllhroujiht anionffl^dic CncMiu : who b;(oic th.ic timcKruvv no other w.iyot troliinj;t!ii'ir n,ir. row S.is, but on Beams or Ratters tied to one anorher. t<\ve pri,,vis ,il> I-'^ypto D.in.ius ,u:\mt ,.mtc <««wRatibus )htvi^al/.iinr,zi\t'a in I'/inic: wlier.'we m.iy (ecthe trucanUj'cnuinedilftr.-rtc b::'.vixi. R.itM , and A'uvii » thouiih now both ufed indilTtri-ntly for .ill forts of fhippini;. Aino:iL;n the (j>\ii.i>:s, tbofeolt'n/r were the ableft Sca-mcn i which pave occafion to Arifi'.tlc loc.ill CVf/c ilieLidy oli'ic Sea ; and to Str,ibo to make Minos the Inventor ot Ships. In followini; time ; , the Ciirth.ujnuns , being a Colony oiTyre , were mort confiderable in this kind* ; and by th.s all things do and muft concur to Gods publick pui pofes in the alteration of flUtes ) that a Tempcrt fepai Jtine ,i Quinqiiiremis or Gallic of five banks of c3.ir5 , from the reft of the Cinktu^inhin Tleet s call it on tlie (Vioi e o\lta/j : by which accident the Rom.ws learning the Art of ship Wrights , foon became ivlafleisoltheSea. I hat Fr.iitcc , and .S'/j.H«weretauphti!ieu!c of Ihippin}!; by the Cretki , and I'httwmns ; b a iliint; paft queftionmi; ; A/arJu/ks m ilie one being a Phoa.in , and O'.!,/!/ in the other a Tjri.in Colony. As for the Bclgt.Du . andthc^nV../;;.-, it is pro- bable mat ilicy tirll le.irnt it of the Rom,ws ( though formerly they had fome way totranlportiheni- ftlves fVom one fliorc to the other ) 1 or C-cfitr tclleth us of the Bel/ a , AJ cos Mnr.ihns rKi,nn:^ cctk. meant, that they were not ai allvilited bylorraign Merchants. And tl'.e lame C,f,V Iwnd Li:eScas betwixt /V.i/;rf , and^/i.'iM, ('ull furnifted wuh Vdlels > tliathewasfaintomakelhipstunanl'pori; hit Array : Sl>!;'iUri Jt/ilirumJlMMocirciterfexccni.u Cr diio^t>tgint.t A'-ftiJ invatit , as his own woids are. Hivinii thus brouj^ht Navij!;ation to the greateft heii;ht which it liad in thofedavs '■> let us look back apain on the Inventorsof particular Vtlfels, and the i .ickje unto them belongint;. That the I'haiiiii.ni: firlt invented open Vcflils, and the I-'/^jptiuns Ships with Decks , hath been laid before ; and unto them .ilfo it reitrrcd the Invention of Gallits , with two Kanks of Oars upon a fide j tthithkiiideofVelTvIs grew fo larj;c in die courfe of time . that Ptokniy I'hilopMcr is (aid to have made a CJallie of 50 b.^nks. Great Ships of burden, called Cirtra , we owe to tht Cy priei s , Cockboats, orSk;ffs(j>Vrf/!/;.iiJ toihe JUyrUns , or LibHrmans : liri«antines, (Ccloces) to the RhoSuns \ and I rij;ott or light tJarks , ( LemLs) unto the Cjrenians, The Plytjelu , and VamplyjU (which we may render Men ofiyur) were the inven- tion of the F^mphjlLins , and the Inhabitants of Vbjfeiis , a Town of Lycia , in Jjia Minor. At for T.tck/e , the /;iMH*« , vcfTels for the tranfporting of Horfe , we are indebted to the SulumimnHs ; for grapliug hooks , to AncuiiiArJis ; for Anchors , to the Tufcans * .1 id for the Rud- der,Melra, or Art of Steering, to 7>/)/j« the chief Pilot in tlie famous Argoi who noting that a Kite, when ihe flew,guided her whole body by her fail ; cifedtcd that in the devices of Art . which he had ob- leived in the works of Nature. By thefe helps fome gre.it Voyai.cs were performed in the elder times ; tlie grcateft , thofe of Jitjon, V/jjfes , and Alexandvr , with the Fleets of Solomon , and the Efiyptun Kings. Of thefe, ^rf/f« and his companions, fayled in the (hip called Arg» , through the i:'«.v/i)f Sea , and part of the Mcditterrancan ; Vlj^cs , through the Mediterranean onely ; fmail gullets , it' compared with theOcean. A/ixtinder's journey fo famouJed , and accounted th^n lo hazardous , was but faylinj; down the River JnJus , and tour hundred fui longs into the Ocean. And for he fleets oflSolomon , and the Kings of F-^ypt , it is very apparent . that they went with great leifure , and crawled dole by the ihore-lidc : otiierwife it liad been impoflible to have confumed three whole years in goin;; trom lUion- Gckr iaio lihhaflni returning again ; which was the ufual time of thefe voyages.as appeareth in 1 Kin^, 10.22. Attti the tall of the Aowjw Monarchy , the (Doft potent States by Sea in the A'fcditti'rr.:i:ca'n , were the 6'(«v/(, and /(».f/;.i«/ ; in the Ocean the i"«^/V«(j(f, xndi Antwc: - , perfededtlut excellent invention j adding 24 othejl'ubordinate windkS or points' fly racms of this excellent Inftrumcnt, and withaJI by the good fuccefle ofCo/nmi'M , the VortMfMs , Haftwards ; the Spaniards , WcfUvard ; and the Englijh, Norchwardt ; have made many I'tonou"! and fortunate Expeditions .• which had been utterly impoflible to have been performed, and iia'' liscn fooiiflily undertaken , when that h.'lp was wanting. I know there hath han much pains taken by 'ome learned men , to prove the ule of the Manners Compare w) be far more antient , than it now connionlv pretended. Fuller , a very learned and induftrious man , but better skilled in the Hcirew loraje tlum the /'/^iA/s/'f of the Greeks , and Laiines , will have it known to .yo/owcw , and by him tauclit unto the Tjri.ms and I'/in-wii irf«/ ( tlie moft t'amous .Sea-men of old times) : but be brings no Ar- t'un'.«:nt ofwcight to make good thecauie. Nor is it poflible that fuch an excellent invention , fo bene- tici.iVtatlie common good of all m.mkind, Jhould h.ive been forgotten and cLicontinued , tor the Ipacc ofniorctiuin 2000 years; ifeverthe /"y^/rffw , and Vh(rniciitnt had been mailers of it; whocouldnot noliibi) conceal It (h.id they been lo minded) Itom the Common-Marmrs , or they not have commu- niciied II tor g.un , or dcfire of I'Joi y , to the Creekj , and Romans , under whom fucceliively they lived. As liule moment do I hr.de in foir.e other Ari'.unients , as that the Lap!< Her.tclius ot the Amkntwri- ters.oi !'lie/c>/o>-».iofl'ii«//« , fliould be by them intended ofthe Mariners Coinp.^c- Tor plainly the J'trUyia ol Vl.tiitiu , is no oihcr than that pcuc of taikle < which our Manners now call the Bolin ; by Vvvv 1 \\\\\d\ \Ol< ■■ ! \i ',\ ^ H i! ,016 A Jkl E RICA. ~~which tliey ufe to turn their Sails , and fit them to tlic change otevcry wind. And fo much doth appear by the Pott himfclf, in the Comedie which he cals Mercator v faying , Hiw vcntus tmncfecuMdus eft , aipe modo Vcrforiam. So called from I 'erfo , to turn often . or from P'erjim the firft Sufinc ot I'erto : whence I dim verttrc m common phrafe amongft the Lattttet , ulcdforthe (hiftint; ot the Sail as the winde doth vary. AsForihe Load-ftone , it iscallcd indeed HerAclius LMpis ,'H-»^K,',Ki,Q- by the Gmki'- notbecaufe Hcrrw/w T>m«/, whom the Vhoeniciarts invocatcd when they were at Sea, had rirft found outthevertu>;ofit, as our Fuller thinketh; butbecaufe firiKound neer Heradra , a City of Ly loving and kinde in their euterttinmenis , and apt to do good Officer both private and publick , according to their underftandings : encouraged there- untoby an opinion which they had, that beyond fome certain Hills (but they knew not where j thofe which lived honeftly and juftly, or offered up their lives in defence of their Countrty-fhould finde a place ofeverhfting peace and happincffe. So natural is the knowledge of the Souls immcrtality, and of lorae L'^j for the future reception of it, that we finde fome trad, or other ofit in moft barbarous Nations. And as for G»ld and Silver , which the new-come Chrijiians fo adored, they efteemed them no otherwife than.isdrofle: though many times they adorned themlelves therewith for the colours fake* as they did alfo with fliels, feathers, and the like fine Gew-gawes. Of complexion.moft of thefe Americans were reafonably fair and clear, little inclining unto blacknefte: notwithftanding that a great part of this Countrey lieth under the fame parallel with cALthiupia , Ljhia, andtheLandof iVf^^rcM. Sothattheextraordinary heatofthe Sunisnot (as fome imagine j the caufe of that blackneffe > though accidently it may turn the skin into fuch a colour : as wc fee in many Coun- trey- Laflits.even in colder Climates, whofe faces are continually expofed to the Sun and Weather. Others more wile in their own conceit5(but in no bodies elfeJwill have the natural Seed oiihi Africans to be black of colour ; contrary both to fenle and reafon. Experience and true natural Philofuphy being both at^^ainft it. And fome will have this niack'iefe laidasacurfeonCW; , Cfrom whofe pofterity the W/miw,/ Na- tions doderive thcmfelves) becaufe,forfooth, he had carnal knowledge of his wife when they were in thj /4>-ii;_; a f.mcie .IS ridiculous, as the other falfe. So that we muft refer it wholly to Gods fecret plea- lure ; though pofUbly enough the curfe of God on Cham and on his pofterity (though lor fome caule un- known to us) hath an influence on it. Touching the Original ofthis people , it is moft probable that tiiey defcended from the Tartars ; for which there are fome Arguments of efpecial weight. For firft, it may be proved in the way of Nega- tion, that they came not Irom Harope i as having no remainder of the Arts , Learning, and Civilities of it. And Iccondly, that they came not from Afric\, in regard they have no blacl^men amongft them.cxcept fom • rcw which dwell on the Sea- coafts over againft Guinea in Africk. '- I'rom whence they are fippoled, to h.ivi: been brought hither by fome Tempeft, or o:her. Thirdly, tliat they have not the leaft token) or fticw of the arts and indudry of China, India, or any civil Region on that fide of A fa. The ajftima- liv: Arguments prove firft , that they came from Afa; next in particular from Tartarie. Ih.ii tlicy c3me cat mo th. chi th< wii as pa ■■^>m^ A M E R I C A. appMr /? , i-.ipe whence winde \ found LyAia, lied for eirito- Grt tkj, U. ne rea- came otic of/f/ia , is more than manifeft , in that the vVillfide of thcCountrey towards ^]';,i n ur more populous , than the Haft towardi hnropi- .• of wliicli there cm be no other ri.Mfon aliipned' tliaii that thc'li.- pans were firft inhabited , and that from hence ilic reft \\ms peopled. Next, tiie Idolatry of this people , and the particularities thereof, dicir incivility , and barbarous (jualities , tell us ihat they arc moft like the Tartars of any. Thirdly , tlw VVcftlide of ylmtrk.i , it ii be not C ontinent with T.irtMj , is yet disjoyned by a very fnwll Strait , as may be perceived in all .xir .^f.,ps and CWJr as ilfo in the l>cfcriptioh of thefcCountreys : fo iliat there is into tlicfeCoiintreys a very quick and cafic partape. And fourthly , the people of j^wi'mm , ^vhich'of all the Provinces oi^rlmrica is the neaieft UBCo T.ittary . are faid to follow in their whole tourle of their life ^ the fealbns and bcft pafturin^, ot iheir Clattd , juft like the Scjililan NomaJis , or 7'.v i.in.in linrMs ; an evident argumcni of their Origi- nal defcent. ' Uut from what Root foever they did tirftdefcend, certain it is that they had fctled here many agci fiiice, and overlpread all the parts and quarters ot this (pacious Continent ; tiierc hem;; no place, which the Sp.uitaris, or any other Adventurers, found delolate, oi wafte.and without Inhabitants. r>ut their numbers much diminiftiedfince thefe late Difcoveries v the Sp.wurds behaving thcmfelves moft inhu- manely towards this unarmed and naked people: killing them uplikeflieep appointed ro the llaughtcr, orotherwileconfumin); them in their Mines and works of drudgery. And had not C/;.(W(j the litth or^ darned with molt Chijtun prudence , that the Natives fhould not be compelled to work in tiie Almcs againft thei; wills > but that the SpaniarJi (hould provide themfelves of S Aires elfewhcre : the Natives in a little lomtir time had been quite exterminated, to the greit reproach oiC'I'rijli.iKity and the Uolpel. 1 or lo exccciiing barbarous and bloudy were they at their firft coming thither , that H.mnney , a Noble, man amon^it them, being pcrfwaded to imbrare ilic Chrijlitn faith ; demanded hrft what lie lliould get by being of thit Religion : and was anfwered, that he (hould pet Hc.rci and the joyes thereof: Ilieiv would he know, what place wasdelHnate to fuch as died unbuptKiii » and was anfwered , tLat they went to /Y,//, and tlw i oi ments o( it. 1-inally, asking unto wlii^h of thefe two places the Sp.tm./rM went , and being told they went to Heaven ; he renounced lush.-ipti/m .• proteftin ■. that he would ratiicr go to Hell with the unbapti/.ed, r/j.(fl r-v /jw i« Heaven rcitif (u ryml 4 people. I'hereft were driven unto the /-owf, like fo many Horfcs to the watering place v and received into the Church of CVr;// without any inftru- rtion : inlomucli that one old Frnr ("as himfeif contirfTed to Charles the fifth) had t.hriftened 7000C0 of them, andanotheiof thu rank 300000 never acquainting them with any of the Articles ot tiie Chiftian twth , or points ot Religious converlation , Cexcpi it were to be obedient to their I'aftors iii'id readier' ) Yet hei e I muft conterte, f lor 1 am loath to defraud any man ot his due j there hath been made a gi cat improvement ofChiftianiij : the number ofChrijliayis in this Countrey, being thougiit by lome Learned man of the Chu/cli of /fnwr, to equal all thofe of the Z„(t«V Churches in i:»>-o^t. And though psrh ipi conftrainet* at firfl unto it as a niw Rcliq^ion, and of a ftritSer Rule than that which be- fore they h»d ; yet by long time and education, it is now grown more plaufible and familiar to ihem. 1 lie I tuirch Ittrcot go\ erned by the four Arch-bifhopt of i . Mexico, z. Lima. ■. . S.I-lj, and 4. Dcmini- 10 ; who have under them 25 Suffragan 15i(hops,all liberally endowed and provided for. When this new world came lirlf acquainted with the old , //al>el t^icen oi Casiilc , would not pei nut any of her hush mil Ftriin.wik's fubjeds , robe planted here , viz. Anai^omnns , or I'aUmi- .■i,;(> but licenfed the CaJliJians , /IndalMfmns , Rifcaim , and the reft of her own people oncly , en- vying tiie wealth hereof to the rel>. When fhe was dead, Fi rMnaniio licenfed generally all the Spani.mis, cxtludinponely the Portugal'- But fo rich .1 prize could not fo warily be fenced , but that the I'ortu- (■;.//.i , Fnnch , Fni;liflj , and nowoflatethe Zi/ir-rswwrny wr« have laid in their own liarns part ot the SpaiiiarHs harveft» who well hoped to have hada Jtlompo/y of fo wealthy a Region , andtohavecn- j.>ycd without any rival/ or competitor the pofTeflion ("Icannot fay the love) of a Countrey lb abun- dantly fruitUii. T or though foine of the Kings of Sp.ii>i , have been ufed to lay , that they loved the F.iJ^ hidiis as their Aiijlrefle onely , irt whole favour they could patiently enough endure a Rival • but cfteemed Amtrica as their wz/f , in whofe love they could not brook a Competitor , without loul .'..11 lionour ; yet by his leave"Cor without it rather) fome of his neighbours have made bold with his wife , in thefe later times ; though in the affe&ions of his Mijhejfc they have irreater intereft. liut thefe attempts of the En^lijh and Hollanders, liave been anoccalion of great ftrengtli to the whole Countrey. For v.hcrc.i"; 111 o'ar firft Wars with Spain , our pnvare /hlrcatioes found the Sca-coafts almoft naked of detirnce , and thereupon made many a ricii and prolperous voyage to thefe parts .■ i\\\: Sp.wiar.lsupon liirhtotili.ic weaknefieand difadvantage , (0 ftrongly lortilied their Havens and Sea- Towns, that tow..rds the liter end of the reign of Qyecn I'liz.ilntli , we were not able to accomplifh that with great a:ul publick \ orce:, which before had been perloniicd by ("mall and private. Wl'.ich caufed our C'.iptaint ar.d Adventurers, filling oftentimes in i\k d'Hi'mit ,toniakeup their Maikct on the Seas, in the return oi'tlie .Spai:i]h Navies , as they yet do. This AVu' r«r/i is very pientitiill of Spices , Iruits , and fuch Creatures which the oldirorld never Knew, (forked with fuch rtore of Kine and Hulls, f brought hither o\iio\ F mope lince the firft difco- very ) that the Spaniards kill ihmifands of them yearly , for their tallow and hides onely. Uleft with fucli abundance ofGold , that they found in many of their Mines , more Gold than I- arth : a Metal which the Ameru.ms not regarding , greedily exchanged for kimmers , knives, axes , and riie like tools of iron ; for before, they were wont to make their C.inucs or Uoats plain without , and hollow within , by the force o! tiie. Other particularities fh ill be Ipccified in the particular Delcriptionsof theleveralCoun- tries. Iftiallnowondy takea bricfviewof futh of ih.ir IJeafts and fowls , as either this oil i yor Id did not know , or knew not in luch ftiapcs and ipialilics , as urc 1 here preferred. Ihcir Ayo*; Idle in great- ncDi: 1017 i m i If loiS AM ERICA. neffetlwnthofcin/^/WM , art- faid to be of colour j;i ay , and fo nimble as to climb Irees ; ihcir IJops Inowtcdlike foxes, but deprived ot that property which the Logicians caW Profrinm qM,irton:oJtu , for thov lould not bark'- th*'' H^^^ with talons fliarp as /f.j4o>/ , and the navilof their bodies on the Ridge ot their backs: their iVrt^-f , and Deer , without H»rns; their Shnp (they call them L.tm.ts') notonc- ly profitable as witii us , tor food and raiment , but accuftomed to the carrying of burdens , ("ome of 1 50 pound weiuht, Amongft fuch ftrange Buifts as this old tyorld knew not, we may reckon that deformed one f whole name I fiiide not ) whole forepart relcmbleth a Fox , the hinder part an /ipc , except the Feet oncly which are like a Mam : beneath her belly a lUceptaile like a I'urfe.whcre (he keeps her young , till they beabk to fbift for themfelves 1 never coming ihenc. but when they fuck, and then in again. The /JrmadilU is in form like a barbed Horfe , feemingto be armed all oyer , and that with Artiticial ( rather than natural ) Plates , which do (hut and opeci. The / 'un^ne relembleth a Goat , but greater and more profitable ; of the Fhece whereof ihey make Rugs, Coverings, and Stuffs ; and in the ^ that the JndiMMs make great nfe of them in theii Feather-fiilures. Ufheisas big , as thefc are little. I he Coidores of fuch (\rength and greatnefle, that they will (all upon a Shti-f or Calf, open it, and eat it. Like Miracles of nature have they in their Frtttts and Plants, more proper unto Natural Hiftorj than to this Uifcourl*: : and many medicinal Drugs ofrareppera. tion , Avhich I leave to the contideration of the Learned Herhalifts. I am too mncha Fool to he a Phj. Jiiun, and therefore will not deal in fuch things as are out of my Element. Yet fomewhat of tiiis kinde \vemay«hanceto™eet with, in the Defcrip ion and Survey of the feveral Provinces, into which this niwtrorlil is divided. • The whole is naturally divided into two great Peninfulai ; whereof that towards the North is cal- led Mexicana * from Mexico the chief City and Province of it, fuppofed ( for the mod Northern psnsofitarenotyetdifcoveredj tocontain ijooomiles in compalTe. That towards the South , hath the name of Vemana, from the great Coui trey oi Peru; the circumnavigation whereof is reckoned at J -oco Jtfi.lian miles. The Jfrhmus which joyneth thele two together , very long but narrow ; in lomc places not above twelve miles from Sea to Sea i in many not above fevcntecn. By the Spaniards ji 15 called the Streit of Darien , from a River of that name in Peruana, neer unto the Jflhmus : and IS (o fmall a Ligament for fo great a Body , that fome have thought of turning thefe two Pcninfula^ into perfeft Iflands. Certain it is, that many have motioned totheCouncel of Spam , the cuttingofana- vigable channel through this (mail //?/jw«^ , fo to (hortcn their common voyages to China, and the McIhccocs. But the Kings of Spain have not hitherto attempted it ; partly becaufe if he (hould imploy the Americans in the work , he (hould lofe thofe few of them , which his people iiave fuffeied to live ; partly bfcaufe the Slaves which they yearly buy out of Africa , do but fuffice for the Mines .ind Sugar- lioules; but principally , le(lthep3(Tagebythe Cape of good liope , being left, iliofe Seas might become n receptacle of /'i>(?r/. Wich doubtlefte was a ver^' prudent and Politick conlideratioD. Many times I have read ofthe like attempts begun , but never of any finilhed. Sefoflns Kingofii^^f, Pariiu of Ptrfa , one of the Ptolomies , and a late capricious Portugal had the like Plot , to make a palTage from the Red- Sea , to the Mediterranean : fo had Cttfar , Caligula , and Nero , F.mperouis of iitwf , upon the Corinthian Ifihmut. Another of the fame nature , had Churls the great , to let the Khenc into the Danow \ the like had Lucius f'crui, tojoynthe Rhenc , and the Vfo/wV ; all which, in ilieir peculiar places , we have already couched. Nicanor alfo King of Syria , intended to have made a th.nnci from \.\\eCasj>iaHtoi\x EuxineSeA; an infinite projed, But neither he nor any ot the I I Ib could fini(h thefe works ; God it feemeth , being not pleafed at fuch proud and haughty enterprife;. And yet perhaps the want of treafure hath not been the leafl caufe , why the like projeAs have nor pro- ceeded : befides the dreadt'ull ^oyfes and apparitions , which (at we have already faid j continually aftVighted the workmen. Not Ufleoblervablc than this great but unfeccctTefuldtfign of cutting a pafCige thnrow this ////;- mus , from one Sea totheotheri was that notable , bnialikc fucccfTelefTe Attempt of "John Oxeiiham, nn adventurous Englip,n:aii , in a pafTage overitbyLand. 1 his ro.in being one ofthe followers of Sir /■>-./,.f;j/)>.!i(:£,arrivmg in a fmall Bark with 70 of his Companions,a little »ho\i Nomhre di Dcos , the chitfell iownofallthe Jfthmus ; drew his Ship on Land, covered it with boughs , .ind marched over the Land with his Company guided by Negroes , till he came to a River. 1 hue he cut down Wood , itiade liiin a Pinnace , cntrcd the South Sea, went to the llle of PcmIs , where he flayed ten d.iys ; inter- • eprtd in two Spaniflj Ships ( who teaied no lineiny on that iide ) Ococo pound weight ot Ciold . 200C00 poi nd wiiglit in bars of filver , and returned in faftty to the Land. And though by tiie mu- tinie of forac of his own Company , he nciihei returned into his Countrey , nor unto his Ship ; yet is it an AM ERICA. an Adventure not to be forgotten , in that never attempted by any other ; 9ai\i^t\izSfMip> Writers recorded with much admiration. Butt* return to the DiviAon of this tountrcy , and the two main parts thereof which thi« i"frf»f snitedi • Afexicana , or the Northern PeninfuU , may be moft properly divided into the Conti- nent, andillandi; the Comintnt again into the (cvcral Provinoes of i EfloHland, zNovaFmncU, 3 Virginia , 4 Florida , 5 Caiiformia , 6 Nova Gailicia , 7 Nova Hifpariia , and 8 GnatimaLi ; each of them branched into many lub-divifioni , and ieikt Tcrrhorict. ftrumu* , or the Southern Penin- fnla , tailing in fome part of the Ifthnms , ai before wrc did, hath on thcCMtiMiirtheProvincctof I CailelU Aurea , 2 Nova CrMMadt , 3 Pern , 4 Chile, 5 Par^tu^, 6 BrnJU, 7 Gniimd , and 8 Pa- ria , with their Icveral mcmbert, parts, and particular Regionc. The Iflandi which belong to both diiiicrfiul either in the Southern Ocean , called Msre del Zmr ; where there ii not any one of note , buc I. Tbofc called Loslutdrona , and 2 the Iflandfcf ^'c^Imm**; or in the Nonbero Ocean , 01 Mare del Norte , reduced unco 3 the Carilns , 4 Porto Rico, j Hi^amtla , 6 Cnlfa , and 7 Jammca. in the furvcy of which particulars we wUI begin with thofe which lie on die Norch-eaft ot this great Conti> nctit , not poileflicd by the Sfamard : and paffine ihorow the Plantations of f«ch other Nations , as have any footing in the fame .came by degrees to the Eftatet of the King of Sfmin > that we may lay them aU together without interruption : Mginning with EfittiUndt tbcBOft Northern part , and that which (as fOtnefay^ watdifcovaedfirft. XOT.9 Xxx OF m 1O20 \ ^ O F ESTOT I LAND. STOTI LAND,at under tbat name we comprehend 'thofc Regions of Mexitunk, which lie mod towards the Nonh .and Eaft ; hath on the EaO, the main Occan^ on tlw South, CanatU, or Novs Francia ; on the Weft, feme unknown TraA not yet difcovered : and on the North, aBay.orlnletofthe StA ^cMti Hudfons Stnits , and called fo Irom Htnrj Hnifon an Englijh- mm ; who by this way endeavoured to finde oat a more commo- dious and quick palTage to Cathaj tnd China , than bad been Ibrinerly diicovered. It comprehends. I . Efiotiland fpecially Co called. 2. Terra CortPrialis. 3 . Nm-f*Hndland, and 4. the Illes of Bacal.m. I. And firft£/70/i/W,rpeciallyrocalled,is the moft Northern Region on theEaft-fide of America, lying betwixt Hmi^ohs Streits on the North > and Terra CorterialU , On the South. The foyi fufficitntly enriched with natural endowments, faid to have in it Mines of Gold and other Metals; but I doubt it lieth too much North for Cold , whatfoevcr it may do for BrafTe and Iron. The propic rude and void of goodnefte ; naked, notwithftanding the cxtream cold of theCountrey ; not havmg cither the wit, or the care to cover their bodies with the skiAs of thole Beafts, which tbev kill by hunting ; thout^h their bel- lies teach them to keep life by the flefh thereof, Said by the firft Difcovercrs to fow Corn , to make Beer, or Ale, and to have many Barki of their own with which they traded mtoGroenlMci; as alfo to have m.iny C^icies and Caftles, fome Temples confccrate to their Idols , where they firfl f:icrificed men , and after eat them. The Language which they fpake, expreffed in Charters of their own ; but feme know- ledge of the Latine tongue there bad been amongft them, and Laiine books in the Library of one of their Kings, ui iderftooc by few. Such wetc die Reports made of this Countrey by the firft Difcovereri , who were certain FtPjermen oi Frtttland , Qi\\ by a Tempeft on this Coafl about the year 1350. Six of them only got on Land , where dii died fave one : who after a long wandring from one Princes Court to another, found means to return into his own Countrey : the King whereof called Zichnmi , being a great Adventurer in the feats of Arms , prepared for the further Difcovery and Conqucft of it. Animated thereunto by the opportune coming oiNicolo and Antonio Zeui , two noble Gentlemen of yenice : who defiring to fee the faftiiont of the World , furniflied a (hip at their own charges, and palling the Streits of (7i^r4/f<