THE COMMON RULES The Common Rules Sodalities of Our Lady THE QUEEN'S WORK 3115 South Grand Boulevard ST. LOUIS 18, MO. Imprimi Potest: Joseph P. Fisher, S.J. Provincial, Missouri Province Imprimatur: 8 Joseph E. Hitter Archbishop of St. Louis May 31, 1957 APPROVAL FROM ROME On May 17, 1957, the Central Sodality Secretariate in Rome fully approved this new translation of the Common Rules. Copyright 1957 THE QUEEN'S WORK PREFACE This new (1957) translation of the Common Rules edited by the Central Secretariate in Rome (1951) stresses the features characteristic of diocesan Sodalities of Our Lady. In 1948 the Apostolic Constitution, Bis Saecidari, made the Common Rules obligatory on all Sodalities of Our Lady. In applying the Rules, judicious adaptation of their non- essential details is not only permissible but advisable. However, the substantial features that give Sodalities their characteristic spirit and distinctive form must be observed exactly. Between some of the Rules, the editor has inserted notes to guide the reader in distinguishing essential from nonessential ideas. Those parts of the Common Rules which pertain to Jesuit Sodalities have been grouped together in a supplement at the end of the Rules. After the Common Rules this booklet lists the twelve characteristic marks which the Apostolic Constitution states must be found in every Sodality of Our Lady throughout the world. Lastly, this booklet gives the official summary of indul- gences and privileges granted to Sodalities of Our Lady affiliated to the Prima Primaria Sodality in Rome. NOTE. The table of contents and the marginal subtitles are not part of the official Latin text of the Common Rules. — 3 — TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE 3 A R T I C L E I : E N D AND NATURE OF SODALITIES OP OUR LADY Rule 1: Nature of Sodalities 7 Rule 2: Power to Establish and Affiliate . 7 Rule 3: Principal Patroness 7 Rule 4: Homogeneous Groupings 8 A R T I C L E I I : RELIGIOUS EXERCISES IN COMMON Rule 5: Weekly Meetings 8 Rule 6: Sample Order of Religious Meeting 8 Rule 7: Other Common Religious Exercises 9 Rule 8: Corporate Communion .... 9 Rule 9: Annual Retreat 9 Rule 10: Titular Feast Days 10 Rule 11: Solemn but Modest Celebration 10 A R T I C L E I I I : SECTIONS AND ACADEMIES Rule 12: Apostolic Work Essential 11 Rule 13: Specialized Apostolic Groups 11 Rule 14: Specialized Study Groups 12 A R T I C L E I V : GOVERNMENT Rule 15: Dependence on the Hierarchy. 12 Rule 16: Power of Directors 12 Rule 17: Appointment of Directors 12 Rule 18: The Council and Major Officers | 13 Rule 19: Minor Officers _ 13 Rule 20: Choice of Officers 13 Rule 2 1 : Change of Officers... . ...... 13 Rule 22: Authority of Officers 13 TABLE OF CONTENTS — Continued A R T I C L E V : ADMISSION AND DISMISSAL Rule 23: Admission of Candidates 14 Rule 24: Training and Probation 14 Rule 25: Reception of Members 15 Rule 26: The Council and Reception 15 Rule 27: Solemn Reception; Consecration 15 Consecration Prayer — St. John Berchmans 15 Consecration Prayer — St. Francis de Sales 16 Formula for Admission and Consecration 16 Certificate of Membership 17 Rule 28: Conditions for Valid Membership 17 Rule 29: Membership Restriction 17 Rule 30: Loss of Membership 18 Rule 31: Dismissal r.__18 A R T I C L E V I : DUTIES COMMON TO ALL SODALISTS Rule 32: Respect for Rules 18 Rule 33: Thinking with the Church 18 Rule 34: Necessary Prayer Life — Daily Exercises 19 Rule 35: Avoid Occasions of Sin 19 Rule 36: Fixed Confessor 20 Rule 37: Candidate's General Confession 20 Rule 38: Sodalists' General Confession 20 Rule 39: Frequent, Even Daily, Communion 20 Rule 40: Sodalists' Devotion to Our Lady. ... 20 Rule 41: Attendance at Meetings... 21 Rule 42: Group Apostolate 21 Rule 43: Personal Apostolate — 21 Rule 44: Obedience to Director and Officers 21 Rule 45: Mutual Love 22 Rule 46: Finances ... ..I 22 Rule 47: Temporary or Permanent Absence 22 — 5 — TABLE OF CONTENTS — Continued A R T I C L E V I I : T H E OFFICERS OF THE COUNCIL Rule 48: Greater Obligations of Officers.. 23 Rule 49: Consultation with Director. 23 Rule 50: Decision of the Council 23 Rule 51: Norms for Officers 23 Rule 52: Prior Discussion with Director 24 Rule 53: Prefect ^ 24 Rule 54: Assistants to Prefect. 24 Rule 55: Secretary 24 Rule 56: Consultors 24 Rule 57: Instructor of Candidates 25 Rule 58: Treasurer 25 A R T I C L E V I I I : MINOR OFFICERS Rule 59: Obligation of Minor Officers 25 Rule 60: Sacristans 25 Rule 61: Attendance-Recorders 26 Rule 62: Reader Where Customary. 26 Rule 63: Librarians 26 Rule 64: Visitors to Sick Sodalists 26 Rule 65: Other Officers 26 A R T I C L E I X : INTERCOMMUNICATION OF SODALITIES Rule 66: Sodality Congresses ...27 Rule 67: Sodality Magazines 27 Rule 68: Unions; Federations 27 A R T I C L E X : LOCAL RULES Rule 69: Additional Rules 27 JESUIT SUPPLEMENT — COMMON RULES 2 8 TWELVE CHARACTERISTIC MARKS FROM THE APOSTOLIC CONSTITUTION 2 9 MARIAN CATHOLIC ACTION 32 SUMMARY OF INDULGENCES AND PRIVILEGES 3 3 — 6 — 7 SODALITY RULES COMMON RULES Article I END AND NATURE OF SODALITIES OF OUR LADY Nature of 1. Sodalities of Our Lady are religious Sodalities associations approved by the Holy See. They organize Catholics under Our Lady's name and cultivate in them a deep devotedness, reverence, and filial love for the Blessed Virgin Mary. Under the patronage of the Mother of God, Sodalities of Our Lady aim at making their members outstanding Cath- olics who give themselves wholeheartedly to sanctifying themselves in their own states of life and strenuously endeavor, as far as their social conditions permit, to save and sanctify others and to defend the Church of Jesus Christ against the attacks of its enemies. [EDITOB'S NOTE. See page 29 , number I of the characteristic marks taken from the Apostolic Constitution.] Power to 2. The Bishop of a diocese has the Establish exclusive power of establishing diocesan and Affiliate Sodalities of Our Lady. The affiliation of these Sodalities to the Prima Pri- maria Sodality in Rome so that they will share in its indulgences and privileges can be done only by the General or Vicar General of the Society of Jesus. [EDITOB'S NOTE. See pages 29-30, numbers I I - V of the charac- teristic marks taken from the Apostolic Constitution.] Principal 3. Each Sodality must acknowledge the Patroness Blessed Virgin Mary as principal pa- troness, taking for its own one of her many titles or mysteries. Each may also select a secondary patron. 8 SODALITY RULES Homogeneous 4. Sodalities of Our Lady can be Groupings formed for Catholics in any social class. They attain their goals more effectively when established according to age brackets, states of life, and social conditions; for example, for boys, young men, young women, students, professional people, workers, etc. Article n RELIGIOUS EXERCISES IN COMMON [EDITOB'S NOTE. For the sake of continual formation in the interior life and the accomplishment of an effective apostolate, Sodali- ties of Our Lady are to have meetings at least once a week, or in extraordinary circumstances, twice a month. Two different types of meetings are indicated in the Rules: a general meeting directed at interior formation (Rule 6) and group meetings intended for the study and planning of the social apostolate and carrying out of works of mercy (Rules 12-14). These group meetings must also aim at both the interior life of the members and the apostolate (Rule 42). Some Sodalities meet frequently and sometimes almost exclusively in small groups and in these meetings provide for both the further development of the interior life of their members and the planning and carrying out of apostolic action.] Weekly 5. Sodalities of Our Lady should meet Meetings at least once a week on a day and at an hour determined by their bylaws or local custom. Some Sodalities find it profitable to have a religious meeting on Sundays and holydays of obligation. The meetings should not be cancelled or postponed with- out grave reasons even during the summer months. Sample 6. For their religious meetings Sodali- Order of ties frequently use the following pro- Religious gram: An Invocation of the Holy Spirit Meeting by singing the hymn "Veni Creator." Reading of some selected and pertinent paragraphs from a Catholic book to occupy the attention 9 SODALITY RULES of those waiting for the meeting to begin. Announcements about holydays, saints' feast days, and any Church event for the week. Saying part of the Little Office of Our Lady: matins in the morning, vespers in the evening. The recitation or singing of another office of Our Lady may be substituted. A short conference by the director on subjects touching the spiritual progress of the Sodalists. The meeting closes with the recitation of the Litany of Loretto, or with prayers addressed to the secondary patron, or with those prayers determined by custom. Other 7. Other religious exercises held in Common common are general Communions, the Religious Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius, and Exercises the solemn celebration of their own patronal feast day. Corporate 8. Each month on a fixed day — if Communion possible on one of the solemn feast days of Our Lord or the Blessed Virgin Mary there shall be a general Communion of Sodalists. Special prayers may be said in preparation for Holy Communion and in thanksgiving afterwards. After Mass some Sodalities have the reading of weekly notices and the singing of the "Salve Regina" or the brief recitation of prayers in praise of the Blessed Virgin Mary. [EDITOB'S NOTE. Each Sodality must determine for itself whether general Communions are possible and advisable for its members. Some American Sodalities that find corporate Communions possible have a communion-breakfast program afterwards.] Annual 9. Sodalists shall spend some days Retreat each year in making the Spiritual Exercises. They may close with a general Communion. 10 SODALITY RULES The director of each Sodality shall make the final decision regarding the suitable time for the retreat, the number of days, and the daily order. Lent is usually a good time. A closed retreat shall be made whenever possible, as it certainly is the most fruitful way to make the Spiritual Exercises. Those who cannot make the retreat can be given the Exercises in the morning and evening during a period of six days or more. The principal exercises are spiritual reading, meditations, conferences, Mass, and Rosary. Titular 10. Sodalities should celebrate their Feast Days titular feast days every year with some religious solemnity. A triduum or no- vena made in preparation for the celebration of the feast of the principal patroness would help to praise and glorify the Blessed Virgin. Sodalities which honor St. Aloysius as a secondary patron usually observe the devotion of the Six Sundays dedicated to him. This practice is also an annual event in many other Sodalities. Solemn 11. These feast days shall be cele- but Modest brated solemnly. Any public function, Celebration however, should be staged within the Sodality's means and should be suitable to the social condition of its members. Sodalists should avoid all ostentatious demonstrations, since these only dissipate the interior strength and spirit of Sodalities. Article HI SECTIONS AND ACADEMIES [EDITOR'S NOTE. In the Apostolic Constitution, Bis Saeculari, Pope Pius XII states emphatically that Sodalities of Our Lady are "Catholic Action undertaken through the Blessed Virgin Mary's constant care and inspiration." Sodalities are essentially apostolic 11 SODALITY RULES organizations and can be called upon by the bishops and pastors for any kind of work for the Church without fear of violating their Rules.] Apostolic 12. Since the goal of Sodalities of Our Work Lady is the greatest possible holiness Essential in their members and an effective spir- itual influence on others, each must necessarily strive to develop a deep spirituality in its members and to set up apostolates among their neighbors. Prominent among these actions are teaching catechism, visiting the sick in hospitals and those in prison — practices zealously performed by the early Sodalities. Each Sodality shall undertake whatever apostolic action is indicated by the needs and circumstances of its environment. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 32, number XI of the characteristic marks taken from the Apostolic Constitution. Pope Pius XII states that "Among their primary ends, Sodalities include every form of the apostolate, particularly the social apostolate . . . ."] Specialized 13. In larger Sodalities specialized Apostolic apostolic groups, called "Sections," may Groups be formed for more effective apostolic action. These groups are composed according to the talents and interests of the Sodalists. Each group functions independently and determines how to carry out the apostolic action entrusted to it. They always remain subject to the authority of the Sodality. [EDITOR'S NOTE. Rules 1 8 and 4 2 do not give any exact pattern for the apostolic group meetings. The form of the meeting must be determined by the Sodalists and the nature of their work. Many Sodalities today form their members into small discussion-action groups or committees that allow for free discussion on the part of all the members, and a mobility in apostolic work. These small groups devote the first part of their meetings to developing their interior life and the other part to discussing and planning the execu- tion of apostolic action.] 12 SODALITY RULES Specialized 14. In accordance with their original Study plan, Sodalities of Our Lady, especially Groups those of students, may form one or more study groups, called "Academies." This arrangement helps the young people develop prac- tical knowledge of the sciences, literature, arts, economics, etc. Moreover, with competent direction they can learn and practice the correct principles needed for judging mat- ters involving Catholic faith and morals. Article IV GOVERNMENT 15. Diocesan Sodalities of Our Lady depend on the Bishop of the diocese for the approval of their rules, their spiritual and temporal administration, and canonical visitation. [EDITOB'8 NOTE. See page 30 , numbers V and V I of the charac- teristic marks taken from the Apostolic Constitution.] Power 16. The priest-director enjoys full of power in whatever concerns the spir- Directors itual and temporal administration, di- rection, and government of his Sodality. He is at liberty to make rules, statutes, and decrees which prudence and reason suggest, provided, of course, these additions do not change the Common Rules or make them inoperative. He can also modify or abrogate such legislation without consulting or getting the consent of the Sodalists. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 31 , number V I I of the characteristic marks given in the Apostolic Constitution.] Appointment 17. The Bishop of the diocese appoints of Directors the directors of diocesan Sodalities of Our Lady. Dependence on the Hierarchy 15 SODALITY RULES The Council and 18. A group of Sodalists assists the Major Officers priest-director in governing and admin- istering the affairs of the Sodality. This group may consist of a prefect, two assistants, a secretary, six or more consultors, an instructor of candidates, and a treasurer. These are the major officers and compose the Sodality council. If they require help, the director can appoint Sodalists to assistant officers and designate them as major officers. Minor 19. The duties of minor officers, such Officers as sacristans, recorders, librarians, and readers are purely executive. Such offices are created according to the Sodality's needs. Choice of 20. The director usually appoints the Officers minor officers. The director may appoint the major officers or the So- dalists may elect them, as stipulated in the Sodality's bylaws. In those Sodalities that elect their officers, it may be wise to have the director nominate three candidates for each office. Each Sodality is left perfectly free to decide on any method that fits its particular circumstances. Change of 21. Ordinarily the officers are changed Officers annually at a time determined by the by-laws or local custom. If a vacancy in office should occur during the year, the office shall be filled according to the precepts in Rule 20. Authority 22. The officers of the council and the of minor officers enjoy only that extent of Officers authority and power which the director assigns them. In the discharge of their duties they are subject both individually and collectively to his authority. 14 SODALITY RULES Article V ADMISSION AND DISMISSAL Admission 23. A candidate for a Sodality should of be of irreproachable conduct and should Candidates possess the qualifications of age, state of life, profession, etc., proper to the Sodality he wishes to enter. Furthermore, he must have the firm determination to fulfill the Rules faithfully. If possible, each candidate should be proposed for acceptance by a Sodalist. Each must apply personally to the director who alone has the power to admit them as candidates. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 38, Privilege number 19. Candidates can gain the Sodality indulgences.] Training 24. Before being admitted into a So- and dality as a permanent member of it, Probation the candidate must discharge faithfully for at least two months all the duties the Sodality imposes on its members. A Sodalist who transfers directly from another Sodality and presents testimonials of character and a satisfactory record of a full Sodality life may be admitted immediately. Others shall according to the judgment of the director undergo a sufficient training and probation before reception. [EDITOR'S NOTE. The probation period (i.e., the two months of complete Sodality living required before permanent admission) implies a thorough training program that acquaints the candidate with the Sodality way of life and develops in him the necessary habits of prayer and apostolic action. For adults, it is recommended that this period of training last about a year. Some directors require even more. As a further test, they have the trained candidate make a temporary consecration for a limited period before admitting him permanently into their Sodalities. In this consecration the candidate promises Our Lady to live the Sodality way of life completely for the period indicated. By making this 15 SODALITY RULES temporary consecration, the candidate does not become a Sodalist canonically but retains the status of candidate. The temporary conse- cration, however, does permit him to add to his Sodality living the merit of fidelity to a promise. See pages 31-32, numbers IX and X of the characteristic marks about the formation and reception of Sodalists.] Reception 25. The solemn reception of new So- of Members dalists will be held twice a year or oftener, either on the titular feast of the Sodality or another major feast of Our Lady. The Council 26. Sometime before the solemn recep- and tion of candidates the director shall Reception meet with members of the council and get their approval or rejection of those he is considering for admission. After this consultation, he will decide which are to be received, given further training as candidates, and excluded. Solemn Reception; 27. All Sodalists shall attend the sol- Consecration emn reception of new Sodalists. The director shall be assisted at the function by the prefect, the secretary, and the instructor of can- didates. After the secretary has summoned the new Sodalists, they will go to the altar and on their knees recite one of the following consecration prayers. Consecration Holy Mary, Virgin Mother of God, 1, Prayer , choose you this day Used by to be my Queen, my Patroness, and my St. John Advocate, and I firmly resolve never Berchmans to desert you, never to say or do any- thing against you, and never to permit others to do anything against your honor. Receive me then, I beg you, as your servant forever. Aid me in all my actions and desert me not at the hour of my death. Amen. 16 SODALITY RULES Most Holy Mary, Virgin Mother of God, I, | most unworthy though I am to be your servant, yet touched by your motherly care for me, and longing to serve you, do, in the Presence of my guardian angel and all the court of heaven, choose you this day to be my Queen, my Advodate, and my Mother; and I firmly resolve to serve you evermore myself and to do what I can that all may render faithful service to you. Therefore, most devoted Mother, through the Precious Blood your Son poured out for me, I implore you to number me among your subjects and accept me as your servant forever. Aid me in all my actions, and beg for me the grace never by word or deed or thought to be displeasing in your sight and that of your most holy Son. Watch over me and desert me not at the hour of death. Amen. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 38 , Privilege number 1 7 . ] After the consecration prayer has been said, the director or another priest delegated by him shall present the Sodality medal to each one. Then, using the following formula he shall declare them permanent members of his Sodality: Formula of In virtue of powers duly vested in me, Admission I receive you into the Sodality of Our Lady (primary title) and (secondary Consecration title) and declare you participants in all the indulgences granted to the Prima Pnmaria Sodality and to our Sodality. Your names shall now be entered on the local register of the Sodality. May they be written eternally in heaven. [EDITOR'S NOTE. The Sodality permanent act of consecration is that act by which the Sodalist is received into a Sodality and thereby accepts for his entire lifetime all the obligations of the Sodality Rule. See page 31, characteristic mark number VIII, which describes thé nature and binding force of the Sodality consecration.] Consecration Prayer Attributed to St. Francis de Saies 17 SODALITY RULES Certificate Each one received is given a copy of the following certificate of membership: Membership We gladly bear witness by this certifi- cate that (name) was received on (date) as a member of the Sodality of (class of persons) under the title of (primary title) and of (secondary title) and is entitled to all the indulgences, favors, graces, and privileges which other Sodalists enjoy and, when he departs this life, will receive from our Sodality all the prayers and sacrifices which are customarily offered for Sodalists when they die. Done in the same Sodality of Our Lady on the day in the year aforesaid. Director P r e f e c t Secretary The names of the new Sodalists must be entered in the local register of the Sodality. [EDITOR'S NOTE. Canon 6 9 4 , number 2 , requires the Inscription of the member s name in the local register for validity of membership.] Conditions 28. The director can in particular cases for Valid dispense with the formalities prescribed Membership for reception. Valid reception consists in the external expression of the can- didate's desire to join and of the director's act of acceptance. Membership 29. The director can, for good reasons, Restriction receive into his Sodality someone who is in a state of life or social class differ- ent from those in that Sodality. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 39, Privilege number 26.] 18 SODALITY RULES Loss of 30. Once Socialists have been duly re- Membership ceived into a Sodality, they are perma- nent members of it unless they either withdraw voluntarily or are dismissed as unsuitable. [EDITOB'S NOTE. See page 3 9 , Privilege number 2 7 . ] Dismissal 31. Any Sodalist or candidate who notably fails to measure up to the con- duct expected of an outstanding Catholic or to the particular obligations of the Sodality Rule shall be dismissed from his Sodality. Dismissal is always decreed by the director. In borderline cases, he shall consult with the council before making his decision. Article VI DUTIES COMMON TO ALL SODALISTS Respect 32. The Sodality Rules as such do not for Rules bind under pain of either mortal or venial sin. Some of them, however, do contain matter that falls under natural or Church law. [EDITOR'S NOTE. Rule 35, for example.] Sodalists should show great respect for their Rules and endeavor to fulfill them faithfully and exactly as they freely promised to do at the moment of their reception. These Rules prescribe the indispensable and effective means for reaching the Sodality goal. Thinking 33. A Sodalist worthy of the name With the must be an exemplary Catholic who Church always and in all matters conforms his beliefs and practices to the faith and morals taught by the Catholic Church. He should praise what she praises, condemn what she condemns, and in all things think as she thinks. Never should he be ashamed, in 19 SODALITY RULES private or in public, to be a loyal and obedient son of his Holy Mother the Church. Necessary 34. Sodalists shall be very diligent in Prayer performing those religious exercises Life which are particularly necessary for a fervent life. The daily exercises are the following: Every morning, on rising, Sodalists shall make acts of faith, hope, and charity, give thanks to the Divine Majesty for benefits received, offer to God their labors of the day, make an intention to gain all possible indulgences that day, and say at least three Hail Mary's in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary. They shall set aside and spend at least a quarter of an hour in mental prayer. If possible, they are to participate in the Sacrifice of the Mass. They shall recite the Rosary or an office of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In the evening, before retiring, they are to examine their conscience carefully and make a fervent act of contrition for all the sins of their life and especially for any committed that day. Avoid 35. They must diligently avoid all Occasions friendship and unnecessary association of Sin with persons of bad or questionable character. They shall not read indecent books or attend immoral shows. In general, they shall earnestly avoid any occasion that would be dangerous to their souls or a source of scandal and disedification to their neighbor. 20 SODALITY RULES Fixed 36. As far as possible each Socialist Confessor should select a devout, learned, and prudent priest as his fixed confessor. Without reserve he shall manifest his conscience to his confessor and be formed and directed by him in all that pertains to the spiritual life. Candidate's 37. Before his reception, each candi- General date shall make a general confession of Confession his sins — unless his confessor judges otherwise. Sodalists' 38. The Sovereign Pontiff Benedict General XIV wisely advised all Sodalists to Confession make a general confession once or twice a year, covering the period since their last general confession. Excellent occasions for this would occur during the annual retreat, on a monthly day of recol- lection, and at the end of the year. Frequent, 39. Sodalists should respond whole- Even heartedly to the invitation which the Daily, Holy See has made to all Catholics on Communion the frequent and daily reception of Holy Communion. Each Sodalist is earnestly exhorted to strengthen himself frequently with the Bread of Angels and not to confine his reception of Holy Communion to the days on which Sodalists can gain plenary indulgences. In accordance with the desires of Christ Our Lord and the Catholic Church he shall do all in his power to develop the habit of frequent and even daily reception of Holy Communion. Sodalists' 40. Sodalists shall manifest an out- Devotion standing devotion to the Blessed Virgin to Our Lady Mary, their principal patroness. They shall strive to imitate her splendid vir- tues, place all confidence in her, and urge each other to love and serve her with great filial loyalty. 21 SODALITY RULES Attendance 41. All shall faithfully attend, at the at Meetings appointed time, all meetings of the Sodality. Attendance may be recorded in any practical manner. The use of attendance cards has been found useful in many Sodalities. An absentee must report the cause of his absence as soon as possible to his director, either personally or by letter. The director shall decide whether or not the reason given is justifiable. Group 42. Specialized apostolic groups (sec- Apostolate tions), as stated in Rule 13, are per- fectly in accord with the Sodality spirit. These apostolic groups are a means of developing a deeper interior life in the Sodalists and of providing an outlet for their apostolic zeal and Christian love. Every Sodalist is strongly urged to be an active member of a section. If circumstances permit, it would be wise to make such participation compulsory. If there are any study groups [see Rule 14] in a Sodality, the local rules will determine whether the Sodalists are obliged to attend those dealing with their line of study or profession. Personal 43. In addition to participating in the Apostolate Sodality's organized apostolate, every Sodalist on his own initiative should personally undertake spiritual and corporal works of mercy. Particularly should he be alert to recruit suitable Sodality candidates. These actions make the Sodalist a true apostle of God's glory and that of his Blessed Mother. Obedience 44. In all details of Sodality life Soda- to Director lists shall promptly and humbly obey and Officers the orders and the recommendations of the director. They shall respect and obey the prefect, members of the council, and the minor officers in all matters that pertain to their offices. 2 2 SODALITY RULES Mutual 45. All their dealings with one another Love shall be characterized by brotherly love and Christian charity. They shall often pray to God Our Lord for the needs of the Sodality and of the Sodalists, especially the sick. When a Sodalist dies, as many Sodalists as possible shall attend the funeral. All shall privately pray for his eternal rest, and recite the Office of the Dead or other prayers together. They shall all have a Mass said, thus securing for him the indulgences of a Privileged Altar. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See page 39 , Privilege number 2 3 . ] Finances 46. Each Sodalist shall contribute to- ward the expenses of the Sodality. He shall give either a voluntary offering according to his means or a modest fixed sum determined by custom. Temporary 47. When a Sodalist moves temporarily or or permanently to a new locality, he Permanent must notify the director of his Sodality. Absence The director, on request, should give him a letter testifying that he is a Sodalist and that in that respect he qualifies for admittance into other Sodalities. This letter shall be signed by the director and the prefect. In order to continue gaining the Sodality indulgences any Sodalist who moves to a place from which he cannot attend the Sodality's meetings for a year or more, must in the place where he now lives join a Sodality corresponding to his state of life. This requirement for the indulgences does not bind if the director of the Sodality in the new locality refuses to admit him into this new Sodality or his present director judges that he cannot be active in a new Sodality. Absentee Sodalists should write occasionally to their director or prefect. As far as circumstances permit, they should be careful to continue the Sodality's spiritual prac- 23 SODALITY RULES tices. Always and everywhere they must faithfully lead the active Christian life expected of Sodalists. [EDITOB'S NOTE. See page 39, Privilege number 28.] Article VII THE OFFICERS OF THE COUNCIL [EDITOR'S NOTE. See Rule 18.] Greater 48. The major officers and other mem- Obligations bers of the council should live up to of Officers their high office by surpassing the others in the practice of virtue and in the observance of the Rules. Consultation 49. They shall diligently fulfill the With Director duties of their offices, and whenever necessary, report to the director on their administration, consult with him about any doubts and difficulties, and carry out his instructions. Thereby they shall faithfully help him govern the Sodality. [EDITOB'S NOTE. See page 31, characteristic mark number VII.] Decisions 50. They shall attend and have voting of the and consultative power in all council Council meetings called by the director directly or through the prefect. Resolutions adopted by a majority vote of the council shall be considered valid only when they have been approved and promulgated by the director. Norms 51. Members of the council shall in for their meetings clearly and candidly Officers state their opinions on matters under discussion. They shall never promote their personal ideas out of self-love and possible advantage, but should act solely for the greater glory of God and the genuine good of the Sodality. 24 SODALITY RULES Prior 52. When any member of the council Discussion desires to propose a controversial reso- With lution that may have serious reper- Director cussions, he shall first discuss it with the director, who shall decide if the resolution will be proposed to the council. Prefect 53. The prefect is the top-ranking offi- cer and acts as the right hand of the director. He presides at meetings with due subordination to the director. He has a voice in all matters concerning the government of the Sodality—especially in the admission and dismissal of Sodalists. Assistants 54. The first and second assistants shall to help the prefect with their advice and Prefect cooperation. The first assistant takes charge when the prefect is absent; and the second assistant, when both are not present Secretary 55. The secretary writes up the min- utes of the council meetings and of the general Sodality meetings. He fills out and signs certificates of membership, diplomas, testimonials, letters, notices, and other official documents. He shall always act according to the minds of the director and the prefect. Each Sodality must have separate books for the minutes of the council, the minutes of the general Sodality meetings, and the enrollment of the Sodalists. Consultors 56. The members of the council may give suggestions and may vote not only at their meetings but also privately when asked to do so by the director or prefect. They will best serve in their advisory and voting capacities after getting to know the members and making themselves familiar with everything pertaining to the Sodality. They shall give their opinions honestly without prejudice to or favoring any particular group in the Sodality. 25 SODALITY RULES Instructor 57. The instructor of candidates has of the duty of directing and instructing Candidates the candidates in the spirit and customs of the Sodality during the time preced- ing their reception into the Sodality. He shall keep the director informed on the progress each candidate is making in and out of the Sodality and thus help the director in deciding on approving, postponing, or rejecting permanently the reception of the candidate. Treasurer 58. The treasurer collects the scheduled dues and any donations made by the Sodalists and benefactors. He administers the Sodality funds and by order of the director or prefect pays the bills incurred by the Sodality. He shall keep his books and papers accurately and in good order. In all details he shall be a faithful steward of the funds entrusted to him. Article V m MINOR OFFICERS [EDITOR'S NOTE. See Rule 19, which states that the following offices are created according to the Sodality's needs.] Obligation 59. The minor officers, like the major of Minor ones, should be distinguished for their Officers devotedness to the Sodality. They must energetically and zealously do their jobs, consulting the director whenever they need his help. Sacristans 60. Two or more sacristans are fre- quently required. They prepare the chapel for any meeting taking place there and procure whatever is necessary for the Sodality's religious functions. 26 SODALITY RULES Attendance 61. There should be a sufficient number Recorders of attendance recorders to check and accurately record attendance at meet- ings. A report should be kept of each meeting, listing those present and those absent together with the excuses approved by the director. Reader 62. Where it is customary to have a Where reader, his job is to care for any spir- Customary itual reading made at meetings and to make the announcements of feast days and events of the week. Librarians 63. One or more librarians shall care for the Sodality library, accessioning, cataloguing, and stacking the books. They must have the library open at the appointed times and check books in and out. Visitors 64. Visitors should be appointed to to Sick visit sick Sodalists. They should try to Sodalists cheer the sick and by spiritual conver- sation help and console them. They shall also pray for them and, when anyone becomes seriously ill, have all the Sodalists pray for him. They shall keep the director informed so that the sick person will receive the last sacraments if necessary. Other 65. In addition to the aforementioned Officers major and minor officers, others may be created as needs arise. The director will determine the nature, rank, and duties of these additional officers. 27 SODALITY RULES Article IX INTERCOMMUNICATION OF SODALITIES Sodality 66. Congresses of Sodality directors Congresses and of Sodalists, especially of the same country, are highly recommended. These conventions not only help individual Sodalities but also promote cooperation between Sodalities. Their delib- erations and activities should be directed to the good of souls and to progress in solid spirituality. They should avoid spending money on mere external display and should strive to produce practical and permanent results. Sodality 67. The publication and reading of Magazines magazines which treat of Sodality mat- ters and foster the Sodality spirit are also highly recommended. Unions, 68. Whenever possible, Sodalities of Federations the same class or in the same locality should form a permanent union gov- erned by a common council. Such unions greatly promote the greater glory of God and honor Our Blessed Mother. Article X LOCAL RULES Additional 69. If a diocesan Sodality wishes to Rules adopt a set of rules different from, but not contrary to, the Common Rules, it may do so with the approval of the Bishop of the diocese. The new rules must be approved also by the General of the Society of Jesus when affiliation is petitioned. Local bylaws which are added to the Common Rules must not be contrary to them. If they are of sufficient importance and permanency, they must be submitted to the Bishop of the diocese for approval. 28 SODALITY RULES JESUIT SUPPLEMENT —COMMON RULES [EDITOR'S NOTE. The following parts of the Common Rules pertain to Jesuit Sodalities only and have therefore been grouped together in this supplement. The marginal number indicates the Rule to which the part belongs.] 1. Sodalities of Our Lady were originally founded by the Society of Jesus. 2. The General or Vicar General of the Society of Jesus has the power to establish and affiliate Sodalities of Our Lady in Jesuit houses and churches. 15. According to the Constitution, Omnipotentis Dei, of Gregory XIII, which was confirmed and extended by other Apostolic Constitutions, the General or Vicar General of the Society of Jesus has the supreme gov- erning power of Sodalities of Our Lady established in Jesuit houses and churches. In virtue of this authority, the General can make and publish rules, constitutions, and decrees for the administration of these Sodalities, can examine and approve those rules made under his order by others, and can modify, correct, and recast them whenever he wishes. 17. The General of the Society of Jesus has conferred on provincials and mission superiors the power to appoint directors for Jesuit Sodalities. Local superiors have the same powers as the directors of Sodalities estab- lished in their houses or churches and can, if there is good reason, subdelegate these powers for a time. 69. Sodalities established in houses and churches entrusted to the Society of Jesus should submit local regulations to the provincial or mission superior. If they have a set of rules different from the Common Rules, they must submit it to the General. CHARACTERISTIC MARKS 29 TWELVE CHARACTERISTIC MARKS From the Apostolic Constitution, "Bis Saeculari" [EDITOR'S NOTE. These twelve characteristic marks are distinctive of and must be found in every Sodality of Our Lady throughout the world.] Nature I. The Sodalities of Our Lady duly of affiliated to the Prima Primaria Sodal- Sodalities ity of the Roman College are religious associations established and constituted by the Church. To make them more capable of accomplish- ing the mission entrusted to them, the Church has enriched them with many great privileges. Erection and II. To be a lawful Sodality of Our Lady Affiliation it must be erected by the Ordinary who has power to do so. In places belonging to the Society of Jesus or committed to its care they are erected by the Father General. Everywhere else they are erected by the Bishop of the place, or with his formal consent, by the aforesaid Father General. To enjoy all the Sodality privileges and indulgences, a Sodality properly erected must be duly affiliated to the Prima Primaria. This affiliation — which may be sought only with the consent of the Ordinary of the place and which can be granted only by the General of the Society of Jesus — gives neither to the Prima Primaria nor to the Society of Jesus any rights over such a Sodality. Norms III. Sodalities of Our Lady fully com- ply with the pressing needs of the Church today, and must therefore, in accordance with the will of the Supreme Pontiffs, keep intact their Rules, char- acteristics, and methods of formation. 30 CHARACTERISTIC MARKS 30 Rules IV. The Common Rules, whose observ- ance, in substantial points at least, is required before a Sodality may petition and obtain affilia- tion, are earnestly recommended to all Sodalities as an authoritative summary of the way of life observed by the early Sodalists and confirmed by constant practice. Dependence V. All Sodalities of Our Lady, no less than other organizations dedicated to the apostolate, are subject to the Ecclesiastical Hierarchy. The way in which they are subject is the same in all sub- stantial points as that of other organizations but differs in nonessential matters. Authority VI. In propagating the Kingdom of God and defending the rights of the Church, Sodalities of Our Lady must not dissipate and weaken their forces. For this reason, Sodalists in under- taking and carrying out apostolic works must faithfully follow the example of their predecessors and hold fast to their present form and practice by keeping in mind the following points. а. The Local Ordinary: 1. according to the norms of Canon Law but without detriment to the prescripts and documents of the Apostolic See, has power over absolutely all Sodali- ties within his jurisdiction concerning the exercise of the external apostolate; 2. has power over Sodalities erected outside of places maintained by the Society of Jesus and accordingly can give them their own rules — provided that the substantial of the Common Rules remain intact. б. The Pastor: 1. is by his office the director of parish Sodalities and governs them as well as other societies within his parish limits; CHARACTERISTIC MARKS 31 2. possesses over all the Sodalities engaged in apostolic works within his parish limits, that power which has been given him by Canon Law and by diocesan statutes for the right ordering of the external apos- tolate. Priest VII. The legitimately appointed direc- Director tor of any Sodality must always be a priest. As director, he is entirely sub- ject to his lawful ecclesiastical superiors. Nevertheless, in the internal life of the Sodality, he has that complete power which is set down in the Common Rules. It is fitting, how- ever, that he should for the most part exercise this power through Sodalists chosen to help him in his office. Marian VIII. These must be called Our Lady's Character Sodalities, since they take their name from the Blessed Virgin Mary, but principally because each Sodalist professes an extraordinary devotion to the Mother of God and unites himself to her by a complete consecration. Without binding himself under pain of sin, the Sodalist of Our Lady in his consecration pledges to fight with all his resources under the standard of the Blessed Virgin Mary to win Christian perfection and eternal salvation for himself and for others. Moreover, by this consecration the Sodalist binds himself to the Blessed Virgin Mary forever, unless he is dismissed from his Sodality as unsuitable or he himself through lack of con- stancy leaves it. Careful IX. In the reception of Sodalists, great Selection diligence should be exercised to select only those who are not at all satisfied with leading a common ordinary life, but are determined, in accordance with the ascetical norms and exercises of piety laid down in the Rules, to fulfill even the highest "aspirations of their hearts" (Cf. Ps. 83:6). 32 CHARACTERISTIC MARKS 32 Formation X. Sodalities of Our Lady must, there- of Members fore, give their members, each in accord with his condition in life, a formation that will make them capable of being proposed to their equals as examples of Christian living and apostolic zeal. Apostolic End, XI. Among their primary ends, Sodali- Cooperation ties include every form of the apos- tolate, particularly the social apostolate, since the apostolic work of spreading the Kingdom of Christ and defending the rights of the Church has been mandated to Sodalities by the Ecclesiastical Hierarchy itself. In order to ensure this real and complete cooperation of Sodalities in the apostolate of the Hierarchy, the Sodality Rules which have that effect are not to be modified or changed in any way. Same XII. Lastly, the Sodalities of Our Lady Level are to be considered on the same level as as Others other associations dedicated to the apos- tolate. This is true even if they should federate themselves with the other associations or become closely connected with the central organization of Catholic Action. Moreover, since it is the duty of Sodalities, under the direction and authority of their spiritual shepherds, to lend their active support to every other association, it is not necessary for individual Sodalists to become members of another organization. * * * MARIAN CATHOLIC ACTION "Sodalities of Our Lady likewise qualify with full right to be called 'Catholic Action undertaken through the Blessed Virgin Mary's constant care and inspiration'." — Pius XII, Bis Saecvlari SUMMARY of INDULGENCES AND PRIVILEGES WHICH THE SOVEREIGN PONTIFFS HAVE GRANTED TO THE PRIMA PRIMARIA SODALITY ERECTED IN THE ROMAN COLLEGE OP THE SOCIETY OF JESUS UNDER THE TITLE OF OUR LADY OF THE ANNUNCIATION AND SS. PETER AND PAUL AND TO OTHER SODALITIES THAT HAVE BEEN OR SHALL BE AFFILIATED TO IT 34 INDULGENCES I PLENARY INDULGENCES GRANTED TO SODALISTS 1. On the day of reception into the Sodality, if after confession, they receive the Blessed Sacrament of the Eucharist on that day. 2. At the hour of death, if they kiss a medal or badge of their own Sodality blessed by the director, or if they touch it in any way whatever, provided they have been to confession and Holy Communion, or, if they have been unable to do so, if contrite they at least invoke the name of Jesus and Mary, vocally if they can, or at least devoutly in their heart, and patiently accept death from the hand of the Lord, as a penalty of sin. 3. On the feasts of Our Lord and of Our Lady, under the usual conditions, according to Canon 921, paragraph 1. [NOTE. This indulgence can be gained on the following feasts of Our Lord and Our Lady: Circumcision (Jan. 1), Epiphany (Jan. 6), Resurrection, Ascension, Corpus Christi (Thurs. after Trinity Sun.), Nativity (Dec. 25), Purification (Feb. 2), Annunciation (March 25), Assumption (Aug. 15), Nativity (Sept. 8), Immaculate Conception (Dec. 8).] 4. On the special solemnity called "World Sodality Day" when Sodalists gather and renew their consecration to the Blessed Virgin, under the usual conditions. 5. Once a week, on any day they choose, under the usual conditions, provided they have been present at a Sodality meeting within the week. 6. When they receive Holy Communion, even indi- vidually, publicly carrying a medal or badge of their own Sodality blessed by the director, under the usual conditions. 7. Each month, on any day chosen by each Sodalist, if after confession they receive Holy Communion in honor of that particular Heavenly Patron who, according to an age- INDULGENCES 35 old Sodality custom, has been drawn by lot by each, and offer pious prayers to God for the intentions of the Sov- ereign Pontiff, provided they recite with a contrite and devout heart each day of the month three Our Father's, Hail Mary's, and Glory's in honor of that Heavenly Patron. 8. If they make the Spiritual Exercises for any number of days, even one day of recollection, once a month, under the usual conditions. 9. The director of the Sodality, if he visits a sick member of his Sodality and aids him with spiritual advice to bear patiently the discomforts of illness or to accept death willingly from the hands of Our Lord, and has him recite before some image of our crucified Savior three Our Father's and Hail Mary's for the intentions of the Sovereign Pontiff, can impart to him a plenary indulgence on the day on which the sick Sodalist receives Holy Communion. n PLENARY AND PARTIAL INDULGENCES GRANTED TO SODALISTS 10. If on the days of the Stations of Rome they devoutly visit their own oratory or some church and there recite five times the Our Father, Hail Mary, and Glory Be to the Father before the Blessed Sacrament and at least once more for the intentions of the Supreme Pontiff, they can gain the indulgences of the Stations, namely (a) of ten years; (b) plenary if in addition they have gone to confession and Holy Communion, according to the norm of the Declaration of the Sacred Penitentiary, of February 25, 1933. 11. If after the Spiritual Exercises they recite pious prayers for forty days for obtaining perseverance, two hundred days indulgence for each day, and if after con- fession they go to Communion within the forty days, they can obtain a plenary indulgence. 8 6 INDULGENCES m PARTIAL INDULGENCES GRANTED TO SODALISTS 12. Seven yews: а) whenever they devoutly hear Mass on days not of obligation; б) whenever they carefully examine their consciences in the evening before going to bed; c) whenever they are present at public or private meet- ings, or at the Divine Office recited by the Sodality for the souls of departed Sodalists or Other departed Christians, and approved by the Sodality director; d) whenever they visit the poor or sick or imprisoned; e) whenever they reconcile enemies; f ) whenever they pray for the sick or the dead; g) whenever they accompany the bodies of Sodalists or others of the faithful to church burial; h) if when going to bed they place the medal or badge of their own Sodality, blessed by the director, at the head of the bed and at least with a contrite heart devoutly recite the Hail Mary three times; i) if they teach children or uninstructed people Christian Doctrine. 18. Three hundred days: a) whenever they recite the consecration prayer either of St. John Berchmans or of St. Francis de Sales; b) whenever they kiss the medal or badge of their own Sodality and devoutly recite the little prayer: "Mary with her loving Son, bless us each and every one." 14. One hundred days whenever they take up the emblem of the Sodality, inscribed with the name of Mary, and say "Hail Mary," or whenever carrying that emblem they greet each other with the words "Hail Mary." INDULGENCES 87 If for an entire month the pious works or prayers enumerated in Nos. 12, 18, and 14 are repeated every day, a plenary indulgence can be gained under the usual conditions. IV PLENARY INDULGENCES WHICH ALL THE FAITHFUL CAN GAIN IN PLACES WHERE SODALITIES ARE ESTABLISHED 15. If after confession and Holy Communion, they visit such a place on the primary or secondary titular feast of the Sodality and devoutly pray for the intentions of the Sovereign Pontiff. But if the Sodality has no secondary title, one can be chosen by the director — with the consent of the Bishop of the diocese (or his own superior, if the director be a priest of a religious order) — one such day each year. But if the Sodality meeting place varies, or is permanently or temporarily changed, or even if for the greater con- venience of the people and greater solemnity, the primary or secondary titular feast — with the director's consent — happens to be celebrated in another church, nevertheless the same indulgence avails for a visit to that church. Likewise, if either titular feast or even both cannot be celebrated with sufficient convenience or solemnity on its own day, the director of the Sodality — with the consent of the Bishop of the diocese (or if the director be a priest of a religious order, of his own superior) — can designate another day within the year for the celebration of the feast and the gaining of the indulgence granted. But if the day chosen is impeded by a double, one Solemn Mass of the feast transferred as above can be celebrated. 38 PRIVILEGES 16. If they are present at the Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament held in the place of the Sodality for some time on three successive days, and there pray and perform the other works enjoined, they can gain the indulgence granted for the devotion of the Forty Hours. V PRIVILEGES 17. The director of the Sodality can substitute for him- self another priest to receive the faithful and bless the medals. 18. The indulgences listed above are granted to all kings, princes, dukes, and counts holding supreme authority and to their relatives, by blood or marriage, within the limits of the first or second degree, provided they have petitioned to be enrolled in a Sodality, and on condition that they perform works of piety and pay a visit to some church. 19. From the moment of their admission to probation, candidates share in the privileges, indulgences, and other spiritual graces granted to Sodalists. 20. The prayers recited by the Sodalists together at the weekly meetings, with the intention of directing them to the intentions of the Sovereign Pontiff, suffice for gaining the indulgences granted for those meetings. [EDITOR'S NOTE. See numbers 5 and 12o.] 21. The indulgences connected with the weekly meetings avail even if the meetings take place only twice a month. 22. All indulgences that have been or will be granted to Sodalities of Our Lady, except the plenary indulgence to be gained at the hour of death, can be applied also to the souls of the faithful departed. PRIVILEGES 39 23. Mass said for a deceased Sodalist, in any place and by any priest, enjoys the privilege of a Privileged Altar. 24. While anyone is in the service of Sodalities, he can gain all the Sodality indulgences under the conditions speci- fied. 25. The legitimate appointment of a priest as director of a Sodality makes him a member of that Sodality without his going through any ceremony of reception. As director he has full right to participate in all the Sodality privileges and indulgences. 26. Directors may admit adults and married men into Sodalities expressly established for youths. The same holds good in like cases for other Sodalities, including those for women. But a good reason is required. This may easily be present if, for example, after a Sodalist changes his state of life by marriage he wants to remain in his present So- dality and there is not in his locality any Sodality of Our Lady for married people. 27. Sodalists validly admitted into a Sodality always remain members of it, unless they withdraw voluntarily or are dismissed as unsuitable. By fulfilling the conditions required, they always share in its favors and indulgences. 28. In order to gain the Sodality indulgences, a Sodalist absent for a year or longer from the place where his Sodality is established and taking up residence in a place from which he cannot attend its meetings, must in his new locality enter a Sodality which has been established for Catholics in his state of life. The Sodalist, however, will continue to enjoy the Sodality indulgences if the director of the Sodality in the new locality refuses to admit him into this Sodality, or if his present director judges there is some other legitimate obstacle that keeps him from being active in a Sodality. 40 PRIVILEGES 29. If Socialists are present, the director, or another priest (diocesan or religious) taking his place, may every Saturday celebrate a votive Mass of Our Lady, provided that no double of the first or second class or privileged feria, octave, or vigil falls on the same day, and also that the rubrics are observed. This privilege does not hold good for the whole of Lent. August 9, 1948 The Sacred Apostolic Penitentiary, under express orders of His Holiness, Pope Pius XII, received by the undersigned Cardinal Grand Penitentiary in audience of August 7 of the current year, has approved the present Summary, made up of authentic documents, revised and again accepted, and has declared that it is to be considered the only list of indul- gences and other spiritual favors regarding indulgences thus far granted by the Apostolic See to the Prima Primaria Sodality, under the title of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and of Saints Peter and Paul, and has per- mitted it to be printed and made public. Anything to the contrary notwithstanding. L. * S . N . CARDINAL CANALI Grand Penitentiary J . ROSSI, Secretary New Privilege for World Sodality Day On March 10, 1949, the Sacred Congregation of Rites, at the direction of His Holiness, Pope Pius XII, granted a new privilege for a period of ten years. Each year on World Sodality Day (the second Sunday of May) the director or some other priest taking his place may say or sing for Sodalists one Mass of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, provided there occurs no double of the first or second class or privileged Sunday and that the rubrics are observed. I l l SÄ Pli