Mr,* OQÇ,7 Catholics and the Peace Problem in the United States The Catholic Association for International Peace 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N . W. Washington, D. C. "May they all unite in the Peace of Christ in a full concord of thoughts and emotions, of desires wnd prayers, of deeds and words—the spoken word, the written word, the printed word —and, then an atmosphere of genuine peace, warming and beneficent will envelop all the world." P O P E P I U S X I , 1 9 3 0 . MEMBERSHIP BLANK The Catholic Association for International Peace 1312 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W. Washington, D. C. NAME ................ ...i. ADDRESS t ............. POSITION , Please check membership applied for : Student $1.00 Sustaining $10.00 Contributing $5.00 Institutional $25.00 Life $100.00 Make checks payable to The Catholic Association for International Peace HISTORY MM HE Catholic Association for International Peace has grown out of a series of meetings during 1926-1927. Following the Eucharistie Con- gress in Chicago in 1926, representatives of a doz- en nations met with Americans for discussion. In October of the same year a meeting was held in Cleveland where a temporary organization called The Catholic Committee on International Relations was formed. The permanent name, The Catholic Association for International Peace, was adopted at a two-day Conference in Washington in 1927. Annual Conferences were held in the same city in 1928,1929,1930,1933,1934 and 1935; in New York City, 1931; and in Cleveland, 1932. All-day regional Conferences took place in Chi- cago on Armistice Day, 1930, in St. Louis on Washington's Birthday, 1932, at the University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, November 19, 1933; at Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, November 25, 1934; and at Villanova College, Villanova, Pennsylvania, on May 25,1935. A Student Conference, under the auspices of the Catholic Association for International Peace, was conducted by the College of Notre Dame of Mary- land, Baltimore, Maryland, February 9, 1935. The Association is a membership organization. I t came into existence to help American public opinion, and particularly Catholics, in the task of ascertaining more fully the facts of inter- national life and of deciding more accurately what ought to be done that the relations between nations may become just, charitable and peaceful. Being an association of Americans, it directs itself in a special manner to the international relations of the United States. 2 Deacfdsfleü AIMS OF THE ASSOCIATION To study, disseminate and apply the principles of natural laws and Christian charity to in- ternational problems of the day; To consider the moral and legal aspects of any action which may be proposed or advocated in the international sphere.; To examine and consider issues which bear upon international goodwill; To encourage the formation of conferences, lectures and study circles ; To issue reports on questions of international importance; To further, in cooperation with similar Catholic organizations in other countries, in accord with the teachings of the Church, the object and purposes of world peace and happiness. The ultimate purpose is to promote in conform- ity with the mind of the Church, "the Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ." PLAN OF C. A.I.P. COMMITTEE WORK The international position of the United States has correspondingly magnified i t s opportunities and obligations. What the facts are of our in- ternational position and what obligations corre- spond to these facts form a complex set of ques- tions. As citizens of a democracy and as Catho- lics, we are bound to see to it, as far as we may, that our citizenship is used to bring justice, charity and peace among the peoples of the earth. The Association wishes to do its part to help the United States and Catholics especially to know and live up to these opportunities. I t launches its work modestly. I t proceeds with the care due the complicated subject with which it deals. I ts present method is to bring together in Committees persons acquainted with particular phases of the question. These Com- mittees prepare reports. The reports are dis- 3 cussed in the meetings of the organization. In the light of this discussion, they are then revised. Thereafter, they are presented to the Executive Committee which makes them public, not however as reports of the organization itself, but as re- ports of its Committees clearing the ground for further activities. It hopes to continue to enlist the aid of scholars to make special and lengthy research. I t desires to encourage further and ampler unfolding of in- formation and judgments. I t welcomes discussion of its reports, and of new work it might under- take in papers, magazines and from the platform. The Association considers that this is the most practical method it can follow to build up a body of information and of judgments soundly based upon facts and right principles. I t knows that while the ethics of international relations are in the main clear and definite, the application of these principles to particular cases requires an adequate knowledge of the facts. Therefore, while it begins its work with brief statements on the facts and ethics of international relations, which its Committees have prepared, it knows that its work has just begun. ACTIVITIES The Catholic Association for International Peace, working through its various Committees, is constantly preparing studies on international questions. Twenty-two Committee reports and eight miscellaneous pamphlets have already been issued. Besides this activity and the holding of Annual Regional and Student Conferences, the organization promotes international study clubs in Catholic colleges, seminaries and lay groups; it prepares and distributes special data, bibliogra- phies, news releases, syllabi, study outlines, etc., on international problems; it translates and dis- tributes foreign works on international subjects; it promotes annual Peace Programs in colleges, seminaries and Newman Clubs; it cooperates with 4 Catholic peace groups abroad and with, some in this country; it invites all Catholics interested to participate in its program; and it aspires in various other ways to be of service to individuals and groups in their work of furthering "the Peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ." MEMBERSHIP The organization invites the membership of all Catholic persons interested in international affairs. I t seeks especially the cooperation of those whose study and experience qualify them to assist in the preparation of the reports issued from time to time by its various Committees. Members are entitled to all publications of the Association. The membership dues are: Student $ !-0° Contributing 5.00 Sustaining 10.00 Institutional - 25.00 Life 100.00 STUDY GROUPS One of the main interests of the organization has been the creation and extension of Study Clubs on international problems in universities, colleges, and lay societies. These have been form- ed in many of the principal educational institu- tions and in organizations in various parts of the country. In most instances the texts of and the N. C. W. C. outlines supplementing the Commit- tee reports have been used. The value of these is obvious. The first and most generally obliga- tory means of promoting Peace is through intelli- gent preparation. "Human brotherhood," states the report, International Ethics, "must be inten- sively and extensively preached to all groups and classes; in theological seminaries, in colleges and schools ; in the pulpit and in catechetical instruc- tions; in religious books and periodicals." Un- less this is done no fundamental progress toward World Peace can be made. PUBLICATIONS OF THE C. A. I. P. Price—10c each; $1.00 a dozen; $8 .00 a hundred Pamphlet Series— 1. International Ethics*— (The principles of right and wrong in International Relations. Is an avoidable war a just war?) 2. Latin America and the United S ta te s*— (Introduction to economic, political and cultural re- lations. Why there is anticlericalism in Latin America.) 3. Causes of War*— (Moral, political apd economic sources of inter- national enmity) and Security, Old and New*— (Inter-relations of disarmament and security. Which comes first, Security or Disarmament?) 4. Haiti, Past and Present (Out of Print) . 5. Vitoria, Founder of Intel-national Law— (The great Dominican Father's right to this title.) 6. American Agriculture and International Affairs*— (How far does American Agriculture affect World Relations? Effects of city-ward movement.) 7. Porto Rico and the United States— (Study of economic, political conditions. How can the United States affect them?) 8. Europe and the United States: Elements in Their Relationship*— (Analysis of causes drawing us to and from Europe. What should be our present policy?) 9. The Ethics of War— (Conflicting opinions on right of war. Can there be a justifiable war today?) 10. National Attitudes in Children— (Early causes of international ill will—how the school and home can eradicate them.) 11. Tariffs and World Peace*— (War and its relation to this economic cause. Inter- national social justice and the tariff.) 12. Manchuria—The Problem in the Far East*— (Political account in relation to international wel- fare.) 13. International Economic Li fe*— (Causes preventing it and possible solutions.) 14. The Catholic Church and Peace Efforts*— (History of national and international work of Church to promote peace.) 6 15. War and Peace in St. Augustine's De Civitate De i— (Historical account of views held and relations to contemporary movements.) 16. Peace Education in Catholic Schools— (Ways and means of promoting international good- will. Excellent manual for teachers.) 17. League of Nations and Catholic Action— (Organization, machinery and benefits of League and its relation to Catholic principles.) 18. Relations Between France and Italy— (Present situation between countries and events leading up to it. Maps and tables appended.) 19. Catholic Organization for Peace in Europe— (Description of activities, purposes and influence of groups. Emphasis on correlation stressed.) 20. The United States and the Dominican Republic— (Critical treatise on political and social relations of the two countries.) 21. Mexican-United States Relations— (Able study of economic-political life of Mexico—its relation to present crisis.) 22. Rural Problems and International L i f e— (Documented account of close relationship between agricultural questions and world- harmony.) 23. The League of Nations and Catholic Principles— (The idea of a society of nations in the light of Catholic teaching; cooperation of United States with League.) 24. The World Court and the United States— (History and activities—our relation to it.) 25. Nationalism— (Menace to world cooperation—American nationalism past and present.) MISCELLANEOUS SERIES— The World State Peace Trends Peace Statements of Recent Popes (N.C.W.C.) Syllabus on International Relations Appeals for Peace of Pope Benedict XV and Pope Pius XI Disarmament Statement (Free) Argentina—Land of the Eucharistic Congress, 1934 The Christian Way to Peace (N.C.W.C.) * Study Ohib Outline Included CATHOLIC ASSOCIATION FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE Executive Committee Honorary President Most Reverend Edward A. Mooney, D.D. President Charles G. Fenwick, Pli. D. Vice-Presidents Rev. William Bolger, C.g.C. Mrs. H. F. Chadeayne Rev. Francis J . Haas, Ph.D. Rev. Robert H. Lord, Ph.D. George N. Shuster Sister Rose de Lima, Ph.D. Rev. John La Farge, S.J. Rev. Edward V. Stanford, O.S.A. Hon. Richard M. Tobin Herbert Wright, Ph.D., Ex-Officio Marie R. Madden, Ph.D., Treasurer Elizabeth B. Sweeney, Executive Secretary Committee Chairmen Ethics Peace Education Rt. Rev. Msgr. John A. Ryan Rt. Rev. Msgr. J . M. Wolfe Law and Organization Disarmament Charles G. Fenwick Rev. Donald A. MacLean Sub-Committe on Rights of Minorities Europe Louis O'Brien R e v . Joseph F. Thorning, S.J. Economic Relations Parker T. Moon Sub-Committee on Agriculture Rev. Edgar Schmicdeler, O.S.B Asia Elizabeth M. Lynskey Latin America Anna Dill Gamble History Rev. John K. Cartwright U. S. Dependencies Jerome G. Kerwin National Attitudes Carlton J . H. Hayes Russia Rev. R. A. McGowan "Justice requires a state to promote peace for the sake of its own members, while charity obliges it to pursue the same end for the welfare of both itself and other nations. These duties rest not only upon governments, but upon peoples, particularly upon those persons and organizations which can exert influence upon public opinion and upon political rulers." I N T E R N A T I O N A L E T H I C S . 8 WHAT CATHOLICS CAN DO FOR PEACE Catholics in the United States, blessed with a Faith that transcends barriers of nationality and color, are urged to cooperate both by education and action in the cause of Peace. None have so great and so sacred a responsibility as we to labor for international Peace based upon good- will which can come only from Him in whose Mystical Body we are united. The present inter- national chaos and the emphatic appeals of the present Pope to Catholics of all the world to unite in this movement make the work for Peace essen tial today. I t is truly, as he has pointed out, "a vast and glorious field for all the Catholic laity." " I t is the duty of Catholics to assume their part in molding that public opinion and arousing that goodwill on which in the long run the Peace of the world depends," says the study on "Catho- lics and the Problem of Peace" issued by The Catholic Council on International Relations, England. "When public opinion is adequately informed of the requirements of justice, and there is everywhere a ready will to fulfill them, then Peace will be substantially secured. Among Catholics, above all, there should be no lack of a will to Peace and Justice; it is of the essence of their profession, the very spirit of their Faith. Hence the necessity of acquainting ourselves with both principles and facts in order to distinguish between genuine and false claims and the right conception of both national and international duty." In the publications of the C. A. I. P., can be found the answers to many questions which of necessity must confront Catholics concerned with international life and their relation as Catholics to it. "The first and most generally obligatory means and action is education," states the report on International Ethics, C. A. I. P. "The people 9 require instruction concerning the universality of brotherhood, the possibility of permanent peace and the fallacy of indefinite preparedness, while statesmen stand in particular need of becoming familiar with the principles of international ethics. "The second great duty in fulfilling our obli- gation of promoting world peace is to consider fairly and to support, so far as our abilities and conscience permit, practical proposals and ar- rangements for preventing war and making peace secure. In general terms these methods are pretty definitely formulated and pretty generally ac- cepted." The Association would have Catholics in the United States do more than their numerical part to prevent another world war. More than our patriotic principles are here involved. Or rather, our citizenship influenced by our moral obligation to justice and charity calls upon us to act. The Association urges Catholics in the United States to place their t rust in Cod, to pray earn- estly that the world not lead itself again into the moral and physical shambles of war, and to study diligently and work faithfully for the peace of the world. The Association urges Catholics to extend Catholic Action and the knowledge of Catholic principles in order to banish enmity, to create a true love of Peace and a willingness to peace throughout the United States. I t urges also active cooperation with organizations of general membership when there is clearly no danger of any misunderstanding of the principles of the Catholic faith. I t commends particularly the reports that have thus far come from its Committees and invites Catholic organizations and individuals to use these reports as a basis of study and discussion. I t trusts and confidently looks forward to equally able reports from its Committees in the future. 10 I t urges a careful reading of the articles on international relations in the Catholic press. Tt wishes to recommend also that more articles appear in the Catholic press on the life and cus- toms of foreign countries. Many such articles are to be found in the secular press but they lack usually the appeal and the intimate knowledge which are possible with the wider facilities in this regard among Catholics. I t recommends also two steps that can well be taken by Catholic organizations. One is to have frequent lectures and addresses at organization meetings on topics in the field of international relations. A second is to create groups for the study of international relations. Such groups may well begin with the reports of the Association on International Ethics, The Christian Way to Peace, International Economic Life, to be followed by the others listed on pp. 6 and 7 of this booklet. Most of these studies are supplemented with study outlines as indicated on the list. All persons interested in this work are urged to write to the Headquarters of the Association, 1312 Massachusetts Avenue N. W., Washington, D. C., for information and material dealing with the various problems of World Peace and Catholic- Action. 11 " . . . Catholics are called not only to a wider and more perfect enjoyment of the peace of Christ but to the strengthening and widening of the Kingdom of Christ, and therefore to the strengthening and widening of His peace through the manifold aposto- late of word, deed and prayer, so easy to all and so powerful, yes, all powerful with God. The glory and the duty of this apostolate of peace belong principally to Us and to all called to be ministers of the God of peace. But here is a vast and glorious field for all the Catholic laity, too, whom We unceasingly call upon and ask to share in the hierarchi- cal apostolate. To Catholics of all the world and particularly those who study, labor and pray in Catholic Action, We turn today with this warm invitation and plea. May they all unite in the peace of Christ and for the peace of Christ in a full concord of thoughts and emotions, of desires and prayers, of deeds and words—the spoken word, the writ- ten word, the printed word—and then an atmosphere of genuine peace, warming and beneficent, will envelop all the world." —Allocution, December 24, 1930, P O P E P I U S X I