key: cord-1015739-jl6mm88t
authors: Marcus, Nufar; Ashkenazi-Hoffnung, Liat; ovadia, Adi; Dalal, Ilan; Yoffe, Siril; Kropach, Nesia; Zuckerman, Neta; Scheuerman, Oded
title: SARS-CoV-2 Symptomatic reinfection Among Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiency
date: 2022-05-19
journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.05.004
sha: f838ca3288b74c243ae29335ecc6d1d1e3da0332
doc_id: 1015739
cord_uid: jl6mm88t

nan

wave was shown in those who were previously infected (4) . Similarly, data from Austria 92 showed low rates of hospitalization ( infection in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI), likely due to adherence to hygiene 97 measures and social isolation. Although this study included patients with all types of IEI it 98 also showed that most patients who were infected were patients with PAD (7). our findings 99 support, that these patients are truly susceptible to this virus and do not mount a protective 100 immune response after a naturally occurring illness. patients with PAD is yet to be determined. 106

The rate of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection was extremely high among our PAD patients (42%), 107 despite regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Farcet and al. showed that 108 neutralizing antibodies levels in IVIG lots released since September 2020 are increasing. They 109 extrapolated that lots released after July 2021 should have protective levels of anti-SARS-110

CoV-2 antibodies (9). However, such lots may not be readily available, and their clinical 111

effectiveness is yet to be validated. Therefore, additional treatment options, such as 112

prophylactic monoclonal antibodies should be considered, in order to prevent reinfection 113 during SARS-CoV-2 high transmission periods. 114 115 116 117

In conclusion, patients with PAD may be at increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and 118 therefore should be guided for stringent infection control measures despite past COVID-19 119 disease with consideration for other prophylactic pharmacological regimens. Whether or not 120 vaccination with anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or monoclonal antibody prophylactic therapy, can 121 protect these patients from reinfection with new emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, and will the 122 newly approved antiviral medications be effective, is yet to be determined. 123 

SARS-CoV-2 127 re-infection risk in Austria

Reinfection rates among patients who previously 129 tested positive for COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Incidence of COVID-19 reinfection 132 among Midwestern healthcare employees

Reinfection or Reactivation of Severe Acute 134

Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Systematic Review Front Public Health. Front Public 135 Health

Peripheral B Cell Deficiency and Predisposition to Viral Infections: The Paradigm of 137 Immune Deficiencies..Front Immunol

Minor Clinical Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency 139 in Israel

BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inborn errors of immunity

Rapidly Increasing SARS-CoV

Neutralization by Intravenous Immunoglobulins Produced from Plasma Collected During the 146 2020 Pandemic

J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f