key: cord-0976640-14r63bzm
authors: Jozaghi, Ehsan; Gottlieb, Riki
title: The impact of COVID‐19 on dental school admissions: A student and faculty perspective
date: 2021-08-09
journal: J Dent Educ
DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12759
sha: c499d96f884fcc26c1f67fcfc339d5472b7c336a
doc_id: 976640
cord_uid: 14r63bzm

nan

Since the COVID-19 pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization in March 2020, many North American dental programs were forced to abandon their traditional in-person interviews in favor of online interviews, and adjust the application process in response to imposed limitations. In this perspective, we discuss the perceived impact of COVID-19 on applicants and the application process to dental school while offering recommendations for the future.

Dental school admission teams needed to pivot quickly to ensure a fair process while maintaining established standards of admissions. 1 Most schools were forced to cancel or modify in-person interviews and resorted to online interviews. Simultaneously, many dental schools saw higher application numbers. The virtual interviews were more accessible to candidates and many students may have benefited due to being in their ambient environments. However, it was more difficult for admissions committees to obtain the same level of information about a candidate through online interaction. 1 Technical glitches, environmental interruptions, and variations in access to reliable high-speed Internet on both the interviewer and interviewee side may have impacted performance and assessment. Selection committee members may have been concerned about the lack of appropriate oversight in the virtual space and the potential for misconduct.

Applicants have been dealing with lost summer jobs, internships, and research opportunities due to pandemic restrictions. Harris et al. reported on income disparities in the applications received by dentistry programs, and many resource-scarce applicants who have been financially impacted. 2 Marginalized and rural applicants from lower socio-economic backgrounds may have chosen not to apply in the 2020-2021 cycle due to financial burdens of the pandemic and lack of access to reliable, fast-paced Internet service, in addition to other perceived barriers, which compromised dental schools' mission to increase student diversity. 3 Additional restrictions caused by the pandemic meant that many prospective applicants were unable to shadow dentists in 2020 and 2021, and therefore compromised their ability to learn about dentistry and demonstrate their suitability for dental practice during the application and interview phases. Many students did not get a chance to tour the dental school/campus during the 2020-2021 application cycles and missed out on important interactions with current students, faculty, alumni, and future peers. Standardized tests were canceled, delayed, or rescheduled creating additional financial and mental health stressors. Despite some students who saw their grades improve during the virtual-online mode of education, many applicants' grades were also negatively impacted during the 2020-2021 academic year because of change in the grading system, change in class delivery mode, and objective hardships such as helping sick family members, being sick or quarantined, dealing with grief, and other mental health concerns linked to COVID-19. 4 Some students did not meet the lab requirement of some pre-dental courses due to quarantine restrictions. 5 

The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to difficulties and challenges for both dental applicants and admissions committees in North America. Applicants may have benefited from the reduced cost of online interviews while some may have benefited from the online dental interviews and seen a boost in grades during the virtual mode of education. But many students were negatively impacted by the lack of student jobs, internships, dental shadowing experiences, disruption in Dental Admission Test (DAT) administration, unfavorable course delivery, and grading policies, and missed opportunities to visit the dental schools, in addition to objective pandemic-related social and personal hardships. It is important for dental admissions committees to acknowledge and adapt to these challenges in upcoming application cycles due to the long-term impact of the pandemic on higher education, students, and their support system. Specifically, dental school admissions committees could adjust the course/lab requirement of the required Science courses, offer flexibility in dental shadowing minimum requirement, waive the secondary admission fees based on financial needs which can also benefit the underrepresented groups that have been more negatively impacted by the pandemic, and extend the DAT score acceptability beyond current time limitations. Dental schools administrators should advocate for a fee reduction of DAT costs (American and Canadian Dental Associations), as well as for enhanced financial support by ADEA in the form of additional fee waivers for applicants in need. 6 Ehsan Jozaghi BA, MA, PhD Riki Gottlieb BS, DMD, MS, FAGD 

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