key: cord-0943819-bm7h0aax
authors: Mahapure, Kiran Sunil; Kulkarni, Nachiikait Shirish
title: Asymptomatic Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 within a Family Cluster of 26 Cases: Why Quarantine is Important?
date: 2020-05-22
journal: J Glob Infect Dis
DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_64_20
sha: 83e4259ef236e408e4af45f42505e34da7e5ca6c
doc_id: 943819
cord_uid: bm7h0aax

nan

The 2019-2020 coronavirus (CoV) pandemic is an ongoing pandemic of CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this stage of lack of effective drugs, extensive measures to reduce person-to-person transmission of COVID-19 are required to control the current outbreak. [1] This process is complicated by epidemiologic uncertainty regarding possible transmission of the virus by asymptomatically or subclinically symptomatic-infected persons. [2] The tracing of foreign travellers, checking on arrival and quarantine for mean incubation period of 14 days is being practiced. We hereby highlight a family cluster where four index cases who lead to family cluster of 26 cases by refusing to follow the quarantine.

Initially, family of four (two males and two females of age 65, 62, 52, and 35 years) belonging to Islampur town in Maharashtra State returned from Saudi Arabia on March 13, where all of them were screened and advised home quarantine for 14 days. They belong to a big joint family who live side by side in a congested housing set up. In spite of being advised, the four index cases did not follow quarantine and were in contact with other family members round the clock for the next 5 days. [3] On March 19, four index cases were admitted to Government Hospital as three of them started showing symptoms and were tested by Throat swab for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. All four swabs of index cases came positive on March 22. Forty-three family members were quarantined and kept under observation and 325 nonclose contacts were home quarantined. On March 24, out of 43, five people were tested positive for SARS-CoV 2 including the housemaid and the driver followed addition of three more positive cases on March 26. The contact history of all family members was traced and more than 4000 people screened. By March 28, 13 people from the family were tested positive including a 2-year-old child and another family member was tested positive on April 7, making the total of 26. During the whole process, more than 51,000 people were kept under quarantine and the town was sealed completely.

Facts to be highlighted: 1. If all the advised precautions of the quarantine were followed by the index cases, the outbreak would have occurred 2. The index cases transmitted the disease in presymptomatic period of 6 days 3. Huge number of people who came in contact with the whole family were put at the risk.

To prevent and control this highly infectious disease as early as possible, people with family members with SARS-CoV-2 infection should be closely monitored and examined to rule out infection, even if they do not have any symptoms. Vigilant control measures are warranted to control the pandemic. [4] 

Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths

Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Returning Travelers from Wuhan, China

Asymptomatic cases in a family cluster with SARS-CoV-2 infection