key: cord-0930658-uvjjmnw7
authors: Lu, Yuan; Jones, Paul W.; Murugiah, Karthik; Caraballo, César; Massey, Daisy S.; Mahajan, Shiwani; Ahmed, Rezwan; Bader, Eric M.; Krumholz, Harlan M.
title: Physical Activity Among Patients With Intracardiac Remote Monitoring Devices Before, During, and After COVID-19–Related Restrictions
date: 2022-01-25
journal: J Am Coll Cardiol
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.11.010
sha: e24f648165a700705e6cd07a3b564d7251e23ddf
doc_id: 930658
cord_uid: uvjjmnw7

nan

milligravities, corresponding to a walking speed of 2 miles/hour, to determine a state of "active" or "not active" for a given minute. Daily activity level was defined as minutes spent in an active state per day.

These measures have been used in previous studies. 4 We assessed the trends in daily activity levels using the 7-day moving average of activity in 2020, overall and by age and sex. Data from 2019 were used as a comparator to account for seasonal variability. In this large observational study, we found marked declines in PA during COVID-19 restrictions that were consistent across age and sex subgroups. Moreover, PA among these patients did not return to prerestriction levels months after restrictions were eased. These findings highlight the need to identify patients with significant activity reductions, support simple and safe ways to stay physically active within the limits of pandemic restrictions, and resume prior activities as restrictions are lifted.

Our results were consistent with a recent systematic review that showed decreases in PA during COVID-19 lockdowns across multiple populations. 1 We extended prior studies by assessing postlockdown PA levels. Compared with NYC, the decline of PA in MSP was less dramatic; it coincided with the NYC emergency order but before the MSP emergency order. People in MSP may have adjusted behavior based on trends in other cities. 2 Our study is limited by lacking detail information on medical history, sociodemographic characteristics, and type and intensity of activity. Therefore, we 

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Left) Daily activity trends among patients in New York City (NYC). (Right) Daily activity trends among patients in Minneapolis/Saint Paul (MSP)