key: cord-0924003-kroyaq5v
authors: Cao, Lan; Zhang, Lina; Wang, Xiaoting
title: Ultrasound applications to support nursing care in critical ill COVID-19 patients
date: 2020-07-15
journal: Intensive Crit Care Nurs
DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102918
sha: 923cfa0d2451cad5f0a5e4f3c37d0187d7ac3e01
doc_id: 924003
cord_uid: kroyaq5v

nan

If a double-track sign was observed when scanning the esophagus' long axis with ultrasound, then it is considered that a nasogastric tube has entered the esophagus. Meanwhile, if a double-track sign is observed in the gastric body, then it can be judged as placed in the stomach. In addition, through water injection test, it can be judged whether a ''Fogging'' effect exists or not.

The gastric residual volume should be monitored in severe COVID-19 patients with high aspiration risk every 4h, but drawing the gastric residue with a syringe presents the risk of splashing of gastric contents. There is good correlation between "gastric antrum area measured by ultrasound gastric antral single-section method" and "gastric content volume" ( 

The condition of severe COVID-19 patients can change quickly When the vital signs of patients change, ultrasound can be used to quickly exclude the underlying cause. For example, if a patient has dyspnea and decreased blood oxygen saturation, the nurse can quickly judge the cause of it through lung ultrasound. When oliguria appears in severe COVID-19 patients, bladder ultrasound can be used effectively measure bladder volume.

In summary, through visual qualitative and quantitative assessments (Table 1) , critical ultrasound supports a goal-oriented care strategy that can be useful in the care for severe COVID-19 patients. In addition, the use of ultrasound allows to execution of nursing care with more advanced level of safety for the healthcare worker. 

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