key: cord-0916551-y52j0jtu authors: Thieme, Constantin J.; Abou‐el‐Enein, Mohamed; Fritsche, Enrico; Anft, Moritz; Paniskaki, Krystallenia; Skrzypczyk, Sarah; Doevelaar, Adrian; Elsallab, Magdi; Brindle, Nicola; Blazquez‐Navarro, Arturo; Seibert, Felix S.; Meister, Toni L.; Pfaender, Stephanie; Steinmann, Eike; Witzke, Oliver; Westhoff, Timm H.; Stervbo, Ulrik; Heine, Guido; Roch, Toralf; Babel, Nina title: Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific memory B cells to delineate long‐term COVID‐19 immunity date: 2021-05-04 journal: Allergy DOI: 10.1111/all.14827 sha: 2a59e56299acb44eccf70d5ca4fdc16b6e4ac47f doc_id: 916551 cord_uid: y52j0jtu nan To the Editor, The COVID-19 pandemic has led to devastating health outcomes with the death toll exceeding two million cases as of February 2021. However, there is still limited data on long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Long-term immunity can be analysed by SARS-CoV- Table S1 . All patients gave written informed consent. The ethical committee of the Ruhr-University Bochum approved the study (20-6886). A schematic presentation of the protocol is depicted in Figure S1 , and materials are listed in Table S2- We acknowledge limitations of our study. Subsequent studies should enrol larger patient cohorts with longer follow-up periods. Using bifluorescent tetramer-based staining may increase sensitivity to detect SARS-Cov2-specific B cells. 6 Control patients were significantly younger than the COVID-19-cohort. Nevertheless, we did not observe specific staining in the control cohort as evidenced by the lack of significant blocking of the staining. In conclusion, evaluating the long-term immunity in a cohort Robust T Cell Response Toward Spike, Membrane, and Nucleocapsid SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Is Not Associated with Recovery in Critical COVID-19 Patients Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection Rapid generation of durable B cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in COVID-19 and convalescence Distinct B cell subsets give rise to antigen-specific antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2. Res Sq Generation of HBsAg-reactive T-and B-cells following HBV vaccination in serological non-responders under hemodialysis treatment Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition)