key: cord-0880140-3v80d4ci
authors: Qiao, Chunyan; Zhang, Hui; He, Mingguang; Ying, Guishuang; Chen, Changzheng; Song, Yanping; Oatts, Julius; Liu, Zhonghua; Xing, Yiqiao; Xiao, Zefeng; Ke, Min; Ye, Ya; Chen, Xiaoniao; Luo, Jihong; Han, Ying; Wang, Ningli
title: Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Eye Professionals in Wuhan China
date: 2020-04-18
journal: Ophthalmology
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.026
sha: f5b8a0afe40d934a033e3679d1384949f29aa955
doc_id: 880140
cord_uid: 3v80d4ci

nan

www.aaojournal.org). The overall incidence of sCOVID-19 among eye professionals 89 across 10 hospitals was 2.52% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.68-3.63%). The 90

incidence of COVID-19 in ophthalmologists was similar to that seen in ophthalmic 91 nurses and technicians ( to the control group, case subjects were older (P=0.01), had been in practice longer 100 (P=0.001), had higher rates of contact with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 101 patients (P=0.002), reported higher rates of lack of sleep (P=0.008), and lack of PPE 102 supply (P=0.02) before January 20, 2020 when the Chinese government confirmed 103 human-to-human transmission ( Table 1B) . Both groups showed a significant increase 104 in PPE use after January 20 (all P<0.0001, Table 3 , available at www.aaojournal.org). 105

In addition, control subjects more frequently avoided direct skin contact with patients 106 by using gloves or cotton tips (P=0.03). 107 108 Generally, ophthalmologists may have been considered to be a low-risk subspecialty 109 in the pandemic; however, our data showed at least a similar risk of sCOVID-19 110 among eye professionals when compared to healthcare workers in general in Wuhan. concern in studies based on questionnaire data, with a risk of affected individuals 139 over-reporting symptoms and inadequate PPE and hand hygiene. The dates during which COVID-19 was diagnosed for the 28 case subjects are listed along the timeline. The horizontal axis includes the dates between January 10, 2020 and March 5, 2020. Two key time points were marked: A, January 20, 2020 when the Chinese government first announced human-to-human transmission; B, January 23, 2020 when Wuhan was locked down by government mandate. Each subject is represented by a vertical line represents marked with a case number. Ophthalmologists, ophthalmic nurses, and ophthalmic technicians were labeled black, red, and blue, respectively. The length of each vertical line indicates disease severity: short, mild disease; medium; severe disease; long, death. The majority of cases (85.7%) were diagnosed between the middle of January and early February. Figure 1B . The geographic locations of 10 hospitals where eye professionals contracted COVID-19. The hospitals were labeled A through J and marked as red circles. The radius of each circle is proportional to the incidence of COVID-19 among eye professionals in each hospital; higher incidence corresponding with a larger circle. The Huanan Seafood market, the believed origin of Wuhan COVID-19 epidemic, is also labeled in the map. The hospitals with the highest incidences (hospitals E and G) were clustered within 4.5 kilometer of the Huanan Seafood market. Although hospital B, a small eye institution located in proximity to this market, had a much lower incidence than hospitals E and G, hospital E's incidence was still higher than a similarly-sized eye institution more distant from the market (hospital C).

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