key: cord-0879634-7vowrme2
authors: Idris, Haerawati
title: Utilization of Teleconsultation: Mitigation in Handling Mental Disorders in the COVID-19 Era
date: 2020-06-09
journal: Int J Ment Health Addict
DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00323-y
sha: e6aa67deedd70e0caa43a600a0fff76ca85b5911
doc_id: 879634
cord_uid: 7vowrme2

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many undesirable effects, including death. The COVID-19 outbreak occurred suddenly, and many countries were ill prepared to face it. Community behaviour has been altered due to the pandemic. Uncertainty surrounding the disease triggered panic buying; public panic caused additional worry about limited food supplies, and thus demand increased. World economies have also felt the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak. Owing to the measures put in place to address the spread of COVID-19, many service providers and industries were closed, resulting in financial losses, and the risk of unemployment was elevated, which inevitably increased negative emotions in individuals. A psychosocial consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic is worldwide fear. Because psychological defence is a supporting factor for the recovery of COVID-19 patients, it is important to encourage prevention of mental stress. Psychotherapy is able to provide counselling services to the community through teleconsultation. Strengthening psychological defences can help countries fight against this disease.

reports about the spread and the danger posed by COVID-19 as well as the current unavailability of drugs to treat it. Unsurprisingly, a psychosocial consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic is worldwide fear .

Broad media coverage of the current epidemic can affect the physical and psychological response of the community to the threat of infectious diseases, which may increase people's worries . Excessive anxiety can cause a decline in the immune system's ability to stave off infections. Those who are sick or quarantined may experience shame, guilt or stigma in the community. In addition, in the wake of this pandemic, several communities have developed a new mutual discrimination within as well as against Asian/Chinese societies (Lin 2020 ).

This pandemic is having an impact on people's mental health. A survey was conducted in China during the initial COVID-19 outbreak. The study found that 53.8% of respondents rated the psychological impact of this outbreak as moderate or severe, 16.5% reported experiencing moderate to severe depressive symptoms, 28.8% reported moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 8.1% reported moderate to severe stress levels (Wang et al. 2020) . Other studies also report a high psychological prevalence of longer quarantine duration correlated with depressive symptoms (Hawryluck et al. 2004) .

World economies have also felt the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak. The widespread closures of service providers and industries have resulted in financial losses and increased the risk of unemployment, which certainly increases negative emotions for individuals (Van Bortel et al. 2016) . Likewise, health care workers and health service providers can become depressed due to fatigue while on duty. A study reported that high-risk health care workers, such as medical staff and ambulance workers, who treated infected patients showed increased depression and anxiety (McAlonan et al. 2007 ). Some countries that experienced this outbreak early on (China and Singapore) took steps in the form of emergency psychological crisis interventions for people affected by COVID-19. Psychological defences are a supporting factor for the recovery of COVID-19 patients. It is therefore important to encourage prevention of these mental health disorders.

Nowadays, people really need an understanding of mental health to be psychologically prepared. The government can help accomplish this by providing access to psychotherapy, which is able to provide counselling services in the community through teleconsultation using several online-based facilities/video conferencing platforms, such as Zoom and WeChat, or via phone for free. Technically, the government can provide a call center (assistance hotline) to facilitate services. The virtual platform will be very useful for patients who are infected and treated in isolation rooms, including those who are isolated at home, health care workers, and the general public who need information. Psychotherapy can provide reassurance to patients and help health care workers interact with and support patients. Mental health service development lessons have been implemented in China, where online mental health services were available during the initial COVID-19 outbreak (Liu et al. 2020) . Maintaining the confidentiality of participants data must be addressed.

Owing to public stress and panic related to uncertainty regarding COVID-19, education about mental health is essential to improve social conditions, especially with a focus on achieving a positive mindset, stress management, and relaxation techniques. The focus of the government is currently on preventing physical and biological transmission and the handling of COVID-19 cases; however, the handling of the social impact of the outbreak remains limited. The government needs to collaborate with all parties. Mental health teams are needed to provide mental health support to patients, health care workers, and the community.

Strengthening psychological defences can help countries in the fight against COVID-19. Implementation of this idea can be done through the provision of voluntary psychotherapy, call center support (free of cost), and online-based facilities/video conferencing platforms, such as Zoom and WeChat.

Data Availability This article has no data openly available.

Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Statement This article did not have any research ethical consideration as authors did not perform research with human or animal subjects.

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