key: cord-0871542-bma3inw3
authors: Macías, Juan; Fernández-Fuertes, Marta; Oliver, Noemí; Corma-Gómez, Anaïs; Real, Luis M.; Pineda, Juan A.
title: Lower probability of persistence of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after COVID-19 among people living with HIV
date: 2022-02-10
journal: Clin Microbiol Infect
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.01.028
sha: c7731b6af1a969ec9725faeb5dd80cce46674684
doc_id: 871542
cord_uid: bma3inw3

nan

There is limited and controversial data on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 26 infection among people living with HIV (PLWH). There are also contradictory findings 27 on the severity of COVID-19 in PLWH, though two recent meta-analysis suggested that 28 PLWH have a higher risk of death from COVID-19 [1, 2] . On the contrary, the BNT162b2 were identified from a prospective cohort followed in our centre. A parallel group of 38 COVID-19 controls was recruited among consecutively seen patients attended as 39 outpatients after admissions due to COVID-19 or after being referred from Primary 40

Care or the Emergency Room (March 8 th , 2020-July 30 th , 2020) or their infected 41 contacts. The PLWH cohort is followed, at least, every 6 months. The control group 42 was scheduled for follow-up 3 and 6 months after COVID-19. COVID-19 severity was 43 assessed for all individuals (Appendix A). All serum samples collected at each visit were 44 tested for SARS-CoV-2 total serum antibodies (ELECSYS TM Anti-SARS-CoV-2, Roche 45

Diagnostic International, Rotkreutz, Switzerland). All serum samples collected 6 46 months after COVID-19 were tested for anti-spike antibody levels (Appendix A). 47 statistically significant difference in the median age and the sex distribution between 50 PLWH and controls. The severity of COVID-19 and the Charlson index were similar 51 between groups. After 6 months, the proportion of PLWH with detectable SARS-CoV-2 52 total serum antibodies was 86% [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 75%-93%] and the 53 frequency of thereof for controls was 98% (95% CI: 93%-99.8%) ( Table 1 ). The 54 difference in the frequency of detectable antibodies was -12% (95% CI: -6.8%, -18%). 55

This was mainly due to a higher rate of antibody seroreversion among PLWH (Table 1) . 56

The anti-spike antibody titers were significantly lower for PLWH (Table 1) immunogenicity of other vaccines in PLWH. All PLWH in the present study were on 95 counts. However, nadir CD4 cell counts were relatively low. Thus, incomplete humoral 97 immune restoration induced by antiretroviral therapy is a possible reason for this 98 study results. 99

HIV infection and risk of COVID-19 123 mortality: A meta-analysis

Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a 126 systematic review and meta-analysis

Immunogenicity and safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in people 129 living with HIV-1. Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2021

Safety and 131 immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-132 2 in HIV infection: a single-arm substudy of a phase 2/3 clinical trial

SARS-CoV-2 135 antibody magnitude and detectability are driven by disease severity, timing, 136 and assay

According to these results, PLWH might be more prone to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. 101Although response to vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be similar in 102 

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, 110 commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors declare that they have no conflicts 111 of interest.