key: cord-0864304-u9trd3ou
authors: Pati, Abhijit; Padhi, Sunali; Panda, Debarchan; Suvankar, Subham; Panda, Aditya K
title: A cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) polymorphism (C-159T rs2569190) is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality in the European population
date: 2021-04-03
journal: J Infect Dis
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab180
sha: ba2238206854097402effc0d58a565566e531e00
doc_id: 864304
cord_uid: u9trd3ou

nan

M a n u s c r i p t In line with the current observations, earlier reports also highlighted the association of homozygous mutant (TT) of CD14 (C-159T) polymorphism with susceptibility to viral and microbial infections and clinical severity such as tuberculosis [3] , respiratory syncytial virus [4] , and chronic hepatitis C [5] . In contrast, the CC genotype was associated with a predisposition to severe SARS in the Hong Kong population [6] . The exact mechanism of how the minor allele (T) is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. Further, we noticed a significant positive correlation between death due to SARS CoV-2 infection and the A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t minor allele T. As the allele T has been associated with elevated sCD14 levels [2] , SARS CoV-2 infected subjects harboring the minor allele (T) possibly produce elevated sCD14, exacerbated inflammatory molecules and ultimately may lead to the poor prognosis of the patients.

The present study has several limitations. First, the analysis was performed in European countries. Other continents were not included in the current investigation due to the smaller number of published reports available in the prevalence of CD14 (C-159T) genotypes among the healthy controls (Asia: 10, Africa: 2, Australia: 2, North America: 4 and South America: 1). Second, we performed an observational correlation study to investigate the possible association of SARS CoV-2 infection and mortality; however, the case-control method is most appropriate for genetic predisposition studies. Third, other confounding factors for SARS-CoV-2 related deaths such as age, gender, health facilities, were not evaluated in the present investigation.

Based on the the present study and results of the earlier reports, it can be presumed that the T allele of CD14 -159 polymorphism is predisposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related mortality. However, case-control studies in different ethnic groups, including larger sample sizes, are required to validate our findings.

Levels of Soluble CD14 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptors 1 and 2 may be predictive of death in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

CD14 (C-159T) polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to SLE, and plasma levels of soluble CD14 is a novel biomarker of disease activity: A hospital-based case-control study

Contribution of CD14-159C/T polymorphism to tuberculosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis

The role of TLR4 and CD14 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in greek infants

Different effects of a CD14 gene polymorphism on disease outcome in patients with alcoholic liver disease and chronic hepatitis C infection

High prevalence of the CD14-159CC genotype in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus

A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t