key: cord-0809407-55vis756
authors: Jiang, Shibo; Du, Lanying
title: Effect of low-pathogenic human coronavirus-specific antibodies on SARS-CoV-2
date: 2020-08-11
journal: Trends Immunol
DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.08.003
sha: b75ae0cf427b76fe8fb03753090a7d4d3a0537d6
doc_id: 809407
cord_uid: 55vis756

nan

Abs against SARS-CoV have been identified with cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2. These Abs can recognize the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit of spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. For example, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as 18F3, 7B11, S309, and 47D11, recognize epitopes on the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 infection; other mAbs, including S303, cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 RBD, but they do not neutralize its infectivity [3] [4] [5] . A few SARS-CoV S2-specific Abs, such as mAb 1A9, have even demonstrated cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2 [6] . However, we still need to address a clinically vital question, e.g., whether SARS-CoV-specific Abs can enhance SARS-CoV-2 infection. At this time, no cross-reactivity between Abs against SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV has been identified, partially because of low sequence homology between their S proteins and different receptors that they recognize.

Pre-existing Abs to LPH-CoVs with cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been identified [7, 8] . Patient serum IgG Abs against LPH-CoV S proteins, particularly the conserved S2 subunit, are cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2, but those targeting the S1 subunit, particularly the RBD, are mostly strain-specific with less cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 [8] . Still, while LPH-CoV-specific Abs with cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 may have beneficial effects, e.g., neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 infection, we again raise the key question that they may also have harmful effects, e.g., enhancing SARS-CoV-2 infection. 

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