key: cord-0804828-suii2el0 authors: Virgilio, Pérez; Cristina, Aybar; Pavía, Jose M. title: Dataset of the COVID-19 Lockdown survey conducted by GIPEyOP in Spain date: 2021-12-10 journal: Data Brief DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107700 sha: f70e6555205860def07c8d99e676117cc589e0d8 doc_id: 804828 cord_uid: suii2el0 This article introduces a dataset that captures relevant information about the living conditions, feelings, and habits of residents in Spain during 99 days of home confinement. This and other measures, imposed by the Government of Spain to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on the population, have brought with them important economic, labour, and social changes, which have been accompanied by various modifications (some only temporary) in habits and behaviours. Data collection was carried out through the implementation of a questionnaire with 33 questions, which was sent by email to the collaborators of GIPEyOP (Elections and Public Opinion Research Group from the University of Valencia). These collaborators, in turn, forwarded the questionnaire to their acquaintances using email and social networks, mainly WhatsApp, Facebook, and Twitter. This non-probabilistic methodology has generated a total of 8,387 valid responses. The resulting dataset may be (re)used by sociologists, political scientists, economists, or psychologists, among others, to identify how household chores were distributed among family members during the lockdown, what impact the confinement had on the labour performance of workers, the extent of teleworking and on some (physical and psychological) health issues linked to the confinement, including relationships with the place of residence during confinement. The data also provides information on how social networks spread geographically or what Spaniards thought of the management of the crisis by local, national, and international authorities. The survey was carried out during the period of home confinement decreed by the Spanish government from mid-March, 2020, motivated by the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey data were collected over seventeen days (between 28th April and 14th May, 2020). Country: Spain Data file (spreadsheet) is supplied as supplementary material with this article.  This dataset offers information on various aspects, not directly observable, related to the Spanish population, how they lived and felt as well as their perceptions while in lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Social scientists, including sociologists, economists, and political scientists could use this data to assess gender theories of behaviour within the home in a scenario of the blurring of traditional gender roles.  Economists and psychologists could use these data to assess issues related to the performance of workers (and students) under stressful conditions and the extent of teleworking.  These data are also of value for political scientists to assess governments and the evolution of public opinion from a comparative perspective. This document describes the data collected through a survey conducted between 28/04/2020 and 14 Table 1 ). Section IV consists of a single question, which constitutes one of the central questions of the questionnaire and has led to the research reported in [1] . Figure 1 provides Table 4 shows the distribution of the sample size by autonomous communities and Table 5 presents a broad summary of the profile of the respondents in the survey. This explains the composition of the sample in terms of the main socio-economic-demographic characteristics, variables that in conjunction with R.VOTE (see Table A2 in Appendix file) can be used to correct biases by applying calibration or post-stratification techniques. 1. Yes, because of a lack of economic activity due to the crisis 2. Yes, due to staff cuts 3. Yes, due to salary cuts 4. Yes, because of having to help in the family environment and having underperformed at work 5. No, everything will stay the same 3001D Do you think your work will be affected when the state of alarm ends? 1. Yes, because of a lack of economic activity due to the crisis Have you had or do you have symptoms related to coronavirus? 1. Yes, I tested positive with symptoms and isolated myself at home 2. Yes, I tested positive while asymptomatic and isolated myself at home 3. Yes, I have spent days in hospital 4. Yes, I have been in a hotel on medication 5. I think so, in these days of confinement 6. I think so, before I was confined 7. I have/had no symptoms, but I have not been tested 5005 In general, are you sleeping as well as before the current crisis? Valuation of the national government in terms of the health crisis management. Valuation of the national government in terms of the economic crisis management. Valuation of the regional government in terms of the health crisis management. Valuation of the regional government in terms of the economic crisis management. Valuation of the local government in terms of the health crisis management. Valuation of the local government in terms of the economic crisis management. 0 (very bad) to 10 (very good) 6002 PSOE and UP act in the same direction. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) The government is reporting transparently. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) The government is being resolute. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) The government declared a state of alarm at the right time. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) I have confidence in the government's management of the health crisis. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) I have confidence in the government's handling of the economic crisis. 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (total agreement) The government is getting international recognition for its handling of this pandemic. Table 3 Average assessment rating of governments by respondents regarding the management of the health and economic dimensions of the crisis Health assessment Economic assessment Country Rating National Regional Local National Regional Local Decree, a state of alarm that came into force the following day, implementing a series of restrictive measures that had to be complied with [2] . One of these measures was strict home confinement, which was extended until the beginning of May when it was relaxed. [3, 4] . Furthermore, despite the biases in the data collected, when conditional inferences are made, the results of the modelling usually lead to conclusions equivalent to those obtained with representative samples [5] . To analyse the survey data, the individual responses obtained are weighted using poststratification/calibration techniques to correct for biases in the collected sample [6] . To do that, we use two-class calibration approaches when we consider two variables to compute the sampling weights and marginal calibration (post-stratification) approaches when either one or more than two variables are employed. In our reports and models, we typically combine, in some cases, two or more of the [7, 8] . In addition, questions such as whether the home was the normal residence, its size, whether it had outdoor spaces, the number of people who lived together, and whether they were dependent can help draw conclusions about the consequences confinement has had for cohabitants, and how this could lead to a change in future habits, for example, valuing outdoor spaces more or even moving to rural areas [9] . The results of this survey, together with those of the research study [10] , offer some of the key points that lead us to the conclusions reached in [11] . [12] [13] [14] [15] . The fourth part of the study focused on the tasks carried out by the respondent at home (before and during confinement). In this case, knowing how the fall of external services and formal and informal networks of care changed the usual way of distributing chores related to housework and caring for minors or elderly dependents would indicate whether the gap between men and women has widened again, with a greater burden of work for women as they are the ones who usually assume the role of caregivers [1] . Some studies suggest that lack of mobility has had a greater impact on women than men [12, [16] [17] [18] . This part of the study allows us to delve into the impact that the pandemic is having on the distribution of domestic tasks, and the widening of the gender gap. The fifth section of the survey focused on the feelings and daily habits that the respondent had during confinement: fear of leaving the house, physical exercise, eating, sleep disorders, and symptoms that may indicate COVID-19 infection. Health care has been paramount throughout the pandemic. Numerous studies show that all the questions posed in this block are important to the health of the immune system and, consequently, the ability to cope with this period in the best possible way [19] . In the last section of the survey, eight questions with a political profile were posed which tell us how the population feels about the way the health and economic crises have been managed by those in charge [20] . Respondents were asked which political party they voted for in the last elections, and what would be their choice if an election were held at the current time. By crossing these responses with the other variables, relations can be drawn, among other issues, between political ideology, sociodemographic variables, and perceptions related to work and conditions at homes. At the beginning of the questionnaire, participants were informed that the survey was anonymous, voluntary, and confidential, as established in the current regulations on Personal Data Protection and guarantee of digital rights. It was also indicated that the conclusions drawn from the survey would only be presented in aggregate form. Data curation, Investigation, Visualization, Writing -Original Draft, Writing -Review & Editing. Cristina Aybar: Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing -Original Draft, Writing -Review & Editing. Jose M. Pavía: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation COVID-19 and the gender division of housework. Traditional or new gender patterns? Real Decreto 463/2020, de 14 de marzo, por el que se declara el estado de alarma para la gestión de la situación de crisis sanitaria ocasionada por el COVID-19, Boletín Oficial del Estado 67 sec. I (2020) Enhancing the sample diversity of snowball samples: Recommendations from a research project on anti-dam movements in Southeast Asia The formation of aggregate expectations: wisdom of the crowds or media influence? Field rules and bias in random surveys with quota samples. An assessment of CIS surveys Practical Tools for Designing and Weighting Survey Samples Transformación de la arquitectura desde el COVID-19 Urbanización sustentable y resiliente ante el Covid-19: nuevos horizontes para la investigación de las ciudades Cidades dispersas e aldeias virtuais no pós-pandemia da Covid-19 Dataset of the COVID-19 Post Lockdown survey conducted by COVID-19 and changes in social habits. Restaurant terraces, a booming space in cities. the case of madrid COVID-19 and the gender gap in work hours Short-run Effects of COVID-19 on U.S. Worker Transitions Work-Life Conflict During the COVID-19 Pandemic Teletrabajo y conciliación ante la igualdad de género. Una mirada desde las políticas públicas La crisis de la COVID-19 y su impacto en los trabajos The virus changed everything, didn't it? Couples' division of housework and childcare before and during the Corona crisis Covid-19 y desigualdad de género en España Actividad física y efectos psicológicos del confinamiento por covid-19 Assessing the South Korean Model of Emergency Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic The authors wish to thank an anonymous referee for its values comments and suggestions and all the GIPEyOP team, and mainly Alfredo Rubio and Rosa Roig The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.