key: cord-0803771-qni0qvpd authors: Yavaş Çelik, Melike title: The effect of staying at home due to COVID‐19 outbreak on nursing students' life satisfaction and social competencies date: 2020-08-07 journal: Perspect Psychiatr Care DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12590 sha: 67288a76a2193ebc71abccca96847cae45c2740a doc_id: 803771 cord_uid: qni0qvpd PURPOSE: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the life satisfaction and social competencies of the nursing students. DESIGN AND METHOD: Our sample was composed of a nursing group with voluntary participation, internet network connection, and social media use. FINDINGS: It was found that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the students in terms of compliance to stay at home and a positive status of an acquaintance (COVID‐19) (P < .01), and there was a significant difference between the students' mean scores at home (P = .01) (P < .01). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: As a result, it was determined that the students were adapted to stay at home, the precautions taken in the epidemic were insufficient and the social competencies of the students were associated only with adaptation to stay. The coronavirus infection that occurred in Wuhan, China in December 2019 has affected the whole world 1 to the same group of viruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome and middle east respiratory syndrome. 2 The virus causes serious acute respiratory infections, asymptomatic, mild or severe symptomatic spread. 3 In March, COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic outbreak by World Health Organization (WHO). 4 According to the latest data of WHO, COVID-19 has been reported in 213 countries, the number of cases in the world is 2 449 632 and the number of deaths is 175 825). 5 Unfortunately, all the measures taken after this serious epidemic have remained incurable and the death rates continue to increase. The data available to scientists related to this virus are limited (it affects older and chronically ill individuals, has a very rapid transition, is transmitted through droplets, is larger than many viruses, and constantly changes the cell membrane). Beside, it is thought that a patient with COVID-19 can infect an average of 2.6 people. [6] [7] [8] It is stated that the COVID-19, which is effective notonly with the elderly population, but also on all age groups, is more effective in spreading the epidemic of young population due to the fact that young people and children spend milder and even without symptoms. 1 For this reason, in many countries, education has started to be given distance education and students are invited to stay at home to prevent the spread of the epidemic. In our country, while providing distance education, the population under the age of 20 has been restricted. 9 Totally, of 2 773 904 tests conducted last case in Turkey, the total number of 182 727 cases, the death toll has reached 4861. 10 Other people and the social environment are at the core of social competence. The concept of social competence is expressed as the ability of an individual to initiate and continue positive communication with others. Beside, social competence perception; consist of trusting that their behavior can be effective and supporting social competent behaviors by others. In the development of the perception of social competence, the individual should behave competently and receive feedback from the people around person. 11 Life satisfaction, on the contrary, represents the cognitive aspect of subjective well-being, one of the concepts of human happiness. Subjective well-being is defined as the cognitive and emotional assessment of a person's life. This assessment includes emotional responses to events and cognitive assessment of satisfaction. Satisfaction areas can be work, family, free time, health, money, self and the immediate environment of the person. 12, 13 Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, it was thought that social environments due to the restriction of curfews due to this epidemic could indirectly affect life satisfaction and social competencies. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of this situation on nursing students' social competence and life satisfaction. The Nursing Department of a university of the universe of this study, which is a cross-sectional study, consisted of students (n = 307), and the sample was made up of students who agreed to participate in the study voluntarily and have internet access (n = 271). Because, on the date of the research (April-May 2020), students were limited due to an outbreak of COVID-19 on curfew. Ethical approval of the study was obtained from Kilis 7 December University Ethics Committee. The research was collected using a questionnaire created in Google forms, the research permit was obtained from individuals. Volunteers filled and sent the forms sent to them. The data of the research were collected remotely using google forms due to the epidemic. Questionnaire created on Google forms, Social Competency Scale (SCS), and Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS) were sent to the participants and approval was a waited for their participation. Volunteer students who were able to reach the study and participated. The questionnaire includes questions about the demographic information of the participants and the outbreak of COVID-19 (how it is transmitted, what measures are taken, whether this disease is transmitted to themselves or their relatives, whether this situation is shortened or not, etc.). (1: strongly disagree and 7: strongly agree) consists of five items. The highest score that can be obtained from the LSS is 35 and the lowest score is 5. The low score obtained from the scale is considered to be an indicator of low life satisfaction. The scale was adapted to Turkish by Yetim. 15 In this study, Yetim 15 found that the scale's reliability (α = .86) and test-retest reliability were 0.73. In the original study, Diener et al 14 (Table 1 ). It was found that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the students' LSS in terms of their adaptation to stay at home and the COVID-19 positive status of an acquaintance (P < .01) ( Table 2 ). It was found that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the students in the SCS total mean, in terms of adaptation to stay at home (P < .01) ( Table 3 ). The product correlation between the two scales was found to be r = .36. There was a moderate positive correlation between the two measurement tools (r = .36) ( Table 4) . 15 ). Therefore, we can say that the anxiety caused by this epidemic affects life satisfaction. In addition, it was determined that the students who do not adapt to stay at home have low life satisfaction (Table 2) . We can link this situation to contact with the outside and to experience more disease anxiety. The same situation is valid for social competence, the social competencies of the students who come into contact with outside are determined to be lower ( 11, 12, 13 However, as seen, the average score of the SCS was 25.51 ± 3.96 (Table 2) , whereas the LSS score average was 18.89 ± 6.66 (Table 3) . Although the Social Competency Points of the participants were not very low, their life satisfaction scores were found to be lower than the maximum score. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the two measurement tools at a medium level (Table 4 ). This shows that the two scales are compatible. As a result, it was determined that the students did not find the measures taken sufficient, the COVID-19 positive rate was quite high when the students knew one, and the life satisfaction of the students was low and that their relatives were affected by the positive status of COVID-19. It was also determined that there was a harmonious correlation between the two scales. In accordance with the findings of this study, it is reasonable to argue that in pandemic diseases, individuals development anxiety both for themselves and their beloved ones, and in their fight against the outbreak they have been forced to distances from social life, education, and life satisfaction. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (Covid-19) in China. 中 华流行病学杂志 Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 -11 COVID-19) pandemic Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and intirnational spread of the 2019-n CoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and neonate: what the neonatologist need to know Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 Ministry of Health). Corona virüste Türkiye'deki Güncel Durum Algılanan Sosyal Yetkinlik Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Subjective well-being: three decades of progress Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Doyumunun Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi The satisfaction with life scale Life satisfaction: a study based on the organization of personalprojects COVID -19 Enfeksiyonu ve Gebelik Üzerindeki Etkileri Coronovirüs nedir, nasıl korunabiliriz? Imaging findings and classification of the common and uncommon male breast diseases The effect of staying at home due to COVID-19 outbreak on nursing students' life satisfaction and social competencies The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1155-1022