key: cord-0748443-pgm90gvs
authors: Chase, Amanda J; Malhotra, Sanjay V; Mercola, Mark; Singh, Kuldev; Wu, Joseph C
title: Highlights from Stanford Drug Discovery Symposium 2021
date: 2021-08-26
journal: Cardiovasc Res
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab250
sha: ed30a9d20a57f47346bd4564c9ae2749c23dc7c1
doc_id: 748443
cord_uid: pgm90gvs

nan

The Stanford Drug Discovery Symposium (SDDS), now in its 5th year, provides a unique and highly valuable platform for inspiring interdisciplinary exchange at the forefront of drug research. Over the last 6 years, SDDS has grown in size and in scope while continuing to provide a critical resource and opportunity for networking among researchers, pharmaceutical companies, investment groups, and others in the wider biomedical community. As with many things, the COVID-19 pandemic moved SDDS into the virtual space, allowing a far broader audience to participate. This year, SDDS had 45 speakers, moderators, and panellists that together represented pharmaceutical and biotech companies, government policymakers, Nobel laureates, academic leaders, scientists, editors from major journals, and venture capitalists. They not only presented their advances in drug discovery, as further discussed below, but also participated in lively panel discussions, including questions from the broader audience of over 7000 participants.

Each year, SDDS recognizes a scientist whose body of scientific work has enabled change that improves human health through a Lifetime Achievement Award. This year, Drs Douglas Lowy and John Schiller were jointly recognized for their combined work that formed the basis of the biology behind the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. The vaccine has been shown to reduce rates of HPV infection and the presence of precancerous cells in people who received the vaccine and represents a significant advance in public health. They shared their work showing that HPV capsids, a combination of virus-like particles and pseudovirions, bind and infect most tumour-derived cell lines, and how this is now being leveraged to treat cancers. 1 They also presented their current work moving into therapies for a broader spectrum of cancers. The past and current works of the Drs Lowy and Schiller exemplify how human health can benefit from vaccination, and how the commitment of scientists can continuously advance their field. This is further embodied by the amazingly rapid advances we saw in COVID-19 research and the development of novel vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

2020 was a challenging year in many ways, but it was also one of the most innovative times in health research. Many speakers at SDDS presented the work aimed at improving treatment options for COVID-19, covering not only the creation of the vaccines but also what we have learned from the pandemic and the evolving role played by scientific journals and media. The science behind the impressive timelines that yielded such effective vaccines was shared from the Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson perspectives. [2] [3] [4] Also shared was the basis for a future single-dose COVID-19 vaccine that is stable at room temperature and is protein-based. 5 In addition to vaccines, there was the development of REGEN-COV, an antibody cocktail effective in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. 6 The speakers also shared how an unprecedented collaboration across big pharma, biotech, CMC manufacturers, and regulatory agencies helped to accelerate the development of COVID-19 therapies. Along with scientific and therapeutic advancements, researchers have been further learning from the pandemic, including examining and refining the clinical trial process, with a call for improved efficiency in clinical trials. 7 Incorporating digital tools and data science into clinical trials will be instrumental to those efforts.

The importance of data science was a recurring theme throughout SDDS. The use of machine learning and artificial intelligence in drug discovery provides an unprecedented means to decrease the cost and time needed to create new therapies. Machine learning has a pivotal role in improving the clinical trial design, such as by helping to select the best primary endpoint for COVID-19 vaccine trials. Increasingly machine learning is being used not only for clinical trial optimization but also for understanding biological mechanisms, developing new therapies, and improving patient care. For instance, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive disorder that is hard to diagnose. Electronic health records and machine learning have been combined to create an electrocardiogram-based model algorithm that can detect PAH before diagnosis so that medications can be used to slow progression.

Alongside the impressive advances in COVID-19 treatments and vaccines and the increased use of data science in drug discovery, other SDDS speakers shared their recent works on RNA modulators, anti-sense oligonucleotides, cell and gene therapies, conjugates, and therapeutic peptides. They also shared how genome-association studies and omics are being leveraged in drug discovery and development to both find new candidates and to determine biological mechanisms of action. Drug discovery is an exciting and rapidly evolving field. The annual SDDS provides a unique opportunity for all stakeholders to come together and engage in discussions and networking. SDDS 2021 showcased just how fast the health field can build upon previous progress to advance the field and develop life-saving vaccines and therapies that improves public or even global health (https://med.stanford.edu/cvi/ events/2021-drug-discovery-conference.html). Our Symposium this year further showcased earlier stage companies that are poised to impact the field in coming years, while other companies and venture capitalists shared their visions for the future of drug discovery. We expect that SDDS 2022 will be another valuable opportunity to share and discuss even more advances that are resulting from this fantastic period of advancements and growth in drug discovery.

No new data were generated or analyzed in support of this research.

Human papillomavirus capsids preferentially bind and infect tumor cells

Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine

Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine

A single immunization with spike-functionalized ferritin vaccines elicits neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice

Yancopoulos GD; Trial Investigators. REGN-COV2, a neutralizing antibody cocktail, in outpatients with Covid-19

Trends in COVID-19 therapeutic clinical trials

PhD, is a Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine at Stanford University and a member of the Stanford Cardiovascular Institute. Prior to Stanford, he was a Professor of Bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego and jointly at the Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute where he co-founded the Prebys Center for Drug Discovery, which is one of the largest academic drug discovery and development centres. Previously, he was an Associate and Assistant Professor at Harvard Medical School where he also did postdoctoral training. He laid the groundwork for the efficient production of heart cells from pluripotent stem cells and has done foundational work on the creation of induced pluripotent stem cell models of heart disease and their use in therapeutic target discovery and development. His research is funded by the National Institutes of Health, the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, the PLN Foundation, and the Fondation Leducq. Biography: Dr Kuldev Singh, MD, is a Professor of Ophthalmology and Director of the Glaucoma Service. Dr Singh joined Stanford faculty after he was a Dana Foundation Fellow at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital and completed residency training at the Casey Eye Institute and a Heed Foundation Fellowship at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. He has published over 200 original peer-reviewed articles, delivered over 350 invited lectures including over 70 named or keynote lectures

The main goals are to (i) understand basic disease mechanisms, (ii) accelerate drug discovery and screening, (iii) develop 'clinical trial in a dish' concept, and (iv) implement precision medicine for patients. Dr Wu has published >400 manuscripts with H-index of 108 on Google scholar. He is listed as top 1% of highly cited researchers by Web of Science