key: cord-0744231-rwsuyrjg
authors: Zhang, Ziyun; Wang, Xia; Zhang, Lijuan; Lou, Xuejiao; Su, Xiaoyan; Wang, Xiping; Sun, Fei; He, Xifei
title: Infrared vein imaging for insertion of peripheral intravenous catheter for patients requiring isolation for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a nonrandomized clinical trial
date: 2021-10-12
journal: J Emerg Nurs
DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2021.10.001
sha: e1c30dc778d87104fedaf78e046bfdc606170d65
doc_id: 744231
cord_uid: rwsuyrjg

INTRODUCTION: Establishing intravenous access is essential but may be difficult to achieve for patients requiring isolation for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of infrared vein visualizer on the peripheral intravenous catheter therapy in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A nonrandomized clinical trial was performed. One-hundred and twenty-two COVID-19 patients that required peripheral intravenous cannulation were divided into two groups with 60 in the control group and 62 in the intervention group. Conventional venipuncture method was applied to the control group while infrared vein imaging device was applied in the intervention group. The first attempt success rate, total procedure time and patients’ satisfaction score were compared between two groups using chi-square, t-test, and z-test (also known as Mann-Whitney U test) statistics. RESULTS: The first attempt success rate in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group (91.94% vs 76.67%, ꭓ2=5.41, P=0.02). The procedure time was shorter in the intervention group (M=211.44, SD=68.58 seconds vs M=388.27, SD=88.97 seconds, t=12.27, P<0.001). Patients from the intervention group experienced higher degree of satisfaction (7.5 vs 6, z=-3.31, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral intravenous catheter insertion assisted by infrared vein visualizer could improve the first attempt success rate of venipuncture, shorten the procedure time and increase patients’ satisfaction.

A nonrandomized clinical trial was performed. One-hundred and twenty-two 29 COVID-19 patients that required peripheral intravenous cannulation were divided into two 30 groups with 60 in the control group and 62 in the intervention group. Conventional 31 venipuncture method was applied to the control group while infrared vein imaging device was 32 applied in the intervention group. The first attempt success rate, total procedure time and 33 patients' satisfaction score were compared between two groups using chi-square, t-test, and z-34 test (also known as Mann-Whitney U test) statistics. Therefore, patients must be treated in isolation conditions, and health care staff needs to wear 60 personal protective equipment. In many international settings, the required personalized 61 protective equipment included goggles (Jin YH et al, 2020 Our hypothesis was that the intervention group with infrared vein visualizer for PIVC 99 would demonstrate 1) increased success rate at the first attempt, 2) shorter procedure time, and The application of devices to visualize subcutaneous vessels and nerves is particularly useful 236 for novice proceduralists and may improve the success rate in patients requiring special care, 237 such as patients who are elderly, children, obese, or with darker skin tones whose veins are 238 difficult to identify with unassisted eyesight or palpation (Conversano, et al, 2018) .

In addition to infrared device, ultrasound may also be used to assist in the PIVC procedure.

The efficacy of ultrasound has been reported; however, ultrasound is expensive and requires 

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We thanks Professor Wang Congyi for modifying the language of this paper.