key: cord-0738905-qkw2vhr5 authors: Arriola, C.; Soto, G.; Westercamp, M.; Bollinger, S.; Espinoza, A.; Grogl, M.; Llanos-Cuentas, A.; Matos, E.; Romero, C.; Silva, M.; Smith, R.; Olson, N.; Prouty, M.; Azziz-Baumgartner, E.; Lessa, F. title: Effectiveness of whole virus COVID-19 vaccine at protecting health care personnel against SARS-CoV-2 infections in Lima, Peru date: 2022-03-18 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.16.22271100 sha: 5b637adfea42e86485f55c674b13ef5360483d9d doc_id: 738905 cord_uid: qkw2vhr5 In February 2021, Peru launched a vaccination campaign among healthcare personnel using BBIBP-CorV inactivated whole virus (BBIBP-CorV) COVID-19 vaccine. Two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine are recommended, 21 days apart. Data on BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness will inform the use and acceptance of vaccination with BBIBP-CorV vaccine. We evaluated BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness among an existing multi-year influenza cohort at two hospitals in Lima. We analyzed data on 290 participants followed between February and May 2021. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and provided weekly self-collected anterior nasal swabs tested for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR for sixteen weeks. We performed multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for pre-selected characteristics (age, sex, exposure to COVID-19 patients, work in intensive care unit or emergency department, BMI, and exposure time in days). BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness was calculated after the two-week post-vaccination period as (1-Odds Ratio for testing SARS-CoV-2 positive)x100%. SARS-CoV-2 was detected by rRT-PCR among 25 (9%) participants during follow-up (February-May 2021). Follow-up period ranged 1-11 weeks (median: 2 weeks). Among cohort participants who were fully vaccinated the adjusted vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated as 95% (95% CI: 70%, 99%) and 100% (95% CI: 88%, 100%) for those partially vaccinated. During the study period, vaccination of healthcare personnel with BBIBP-CorV vaccine was effective at reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections in the weeks immediately following vaccination. This information can be used to support vaccination efforts in the region, especially among those who could be concerned about their effectiveness. Abstract (300w) 23 24 In February 2021, Peru launched a vaccination campaign among healthcare personnel using BBIBP-25 CorV inactivated whole virus (BBIBP-CorV) COVID-19 vaccine. Two doses of BBIBP-CorV vaccine 26 are recommended, 21 days apart. Data on BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness will inform the use and 27 acceptance of vaccination with BBIBP-CorV vaccine. 28 29 We evaluated BBIBP-CorV vaccine effectiveness among an existing multi-year influenza cohort at two 30 hospitals in Lima. We analyzed data on 290 participants followed between February and May 2021. 31 Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and provided weekly self-collected anterior nasal swabs 32 tested for SARS-CoV-2 by rRT-PCR for sixteen weeks. We performed multivariable logistic regression 33 models adjusting for pre-selected characteristics (age, sex, exposure to COVID-19 patients, work in 34 intensive care unit or emergency department, BMI, and exposure time in days). BBIBP-CorV vaccine 35 effectiveness was calculated after the two-week post-vaccination period as (1-Odds Ratio for testing 36 SARS-CoV-2 positive)x100%. 37 38 SARS-CoV-2 was detected by rRT-PCR among 25 (9%) participants during follow-up (February-May 39 2021). Follow-up period ranged 1-11 weeks (median: 2 weeks). Among cohort participants who were 40 fully vaccinated the adjusted vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated as 95% 41 (95% CI: 70%, 99%) and 100% (95% CI: 88%, 100%) for those partially vaccinated. 42 43 During the study period, vaccination of healthcare personnel with BBIBP-CorV vaccine was effective at 44 reducing SARS-CoV-2 infections in the weeks immediately following vaccination. This information can 45 be used to support vaccination efforts in the region, especially among those who could be concerned 46 about their effectiveness. 47 (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. This study had several noteworthy strengths. This prospective cohort study was rapidly implemented by 180 leveraging an ongoing prospective cohort established to evaluate influenza vaccine effectiveness among 181 healthcare personnel with weekly swabbing and testing for SARS-CoV-2, regardless of symptoms. This 182 frequency and breadth of sampling among our cohort allowed for greater detection of infection than in 183 All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 18, 2022. ; passive surveillance systems. Participation rate in this COVID-19 study was high (85%) and remained 184 high throughout the 16-week follow-up period (>96% of participants submitted specimens in at least 13 185 of the 16 weeks of follow-up). SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed through rRT-PCR in NAMRU-6's 186 high proficiency laboratory, following CDC's SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic protocol, and did not rely on 187 point of care testing with less sensitive assays. 188 This study had at least four limitations. The high vaccine effectiveness we observed may be related to 189 the short follow-up period after vaccination (range: 1-11 weeks after the two-week post-vaccination 190 period; median of 2 weeks); a longer follow-up period is necessary to fully evaluate the long-term 191 effectiveness of the vaccine among this study population. In addition, the study was not sufficiently 192 powered to stratify VE estimates by variant or symptomatic vs asymptomatic infection. Moreover, 193 because of the limited availability of laboratory staff and high volume of weekly respiratory specimens, 194 we implemented a pooling strategy for SARS-CoV-2 testing which may have decreased sensitivity to 195 detect those with low viral shedding. Last, our study could not distinguish nasal carriage of the virus 196 from lower respiratory tract infection. 197 In summary, one in ten healthcare personnel in our study in Peru tested positive for SARS-CoV (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. protein ELISA for use in contact investigations and serosurveillance. bioRxiv, 2020. 278 All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. Note3: Those who had tested positive before vaccination date or before the 2-week period after vaccination were considered unvaccinated for the model. Note 4: We defined full vaccination as the period starting 14 days after receipt of the second dose and partial vaccination as the period starting 14 days after receipt of the first dose. Participants not meeting these criteria were considered unvaccinated. The partial vaccination model only included those who received one dose of the vaccine during the study period. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 18, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.16.22271100 doi: medRxiv preprint Medicos fallecidos for covid-19 en Iberoamerica COVID-19 strains remote regions of Peru The Peru 249 Approach against the COVID-19 Infodemic: Insights and Strategies Risk of death by age and gender 252 from CoVID-19 in Peru Impact of COVID-19 lockdown policy on homicide, 254 suicide, and motor vehicle deaths in Peru World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard Government of Peru. Resolución Ministerial N° 848-2020-MINSA. Plan Nacional de 264 Vacunación contra la COVID-19 Risk of COVID-19 among front-line 279 health-care workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Public 280 Health Vaccines In The Context Of Limited Supply The best shield': Peru launches inoculation drive with Sinopharm vaccine Partially vaccinated refers to those who received 1 dose of whole virus COVID-19 vaccine during the study period; fully vaccinated refers to those who received 2 doses of whole virus COVID-19 vaccine during the study period ***Asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, chronic heart disease, autoimmune condition, HIV/AIDS, another medical condition requiring clinical care for at least 6 months Chi-square test for categorical and Wilcoxon signed rank test for continuous variables