key: cord-0735460-8oj5xi2a
authors: Zimmerman, Sheryl; Wretman, Christopher J.; Ward, Kimberly; Aggarwal, Neha; Horsford, Christina; Efird-Green, Lea; Sloane, Philip D.
title: Medical and Mental Health Care Challenges in Nursing Homes, Assisted Living, and Programs of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) During COVID-19
date: 2022-02-07
journal: J Am Med Dir Assoc
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.072
sha: cb163ba288bb2b1a5d1ca07d564e0b52bfdef2eb
doc_id: 735460
cord_uid: 8oj5xi2a

nan

1 living (AL); 2 however, virtually no research has addressed its impact in community-based long-term care 2 programs such as the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). Because AL residents have 3 many of the same morbidities as NH residents, 3 and because PACE participants are required to be NH 4 eligible, 4 a comparative understanding of the impact of COVID-19 across settings is overdue and can 5 inform the ongoing evolution of models of long-term care. This research uses state-wide data to examine 6 experiences regarding medical and mental health care in NHs, AL, and PACE programs.

Methods. There are 12 PACE programs in North Carolina, serving 37 of the 100 counties. All NC PACE 9 programs and NHs were eligible to participate, as were AL communities that had at least 35 licensed beds 10 (the national average). 5 The NH and AL community closest to each PACE program was invited to 11 participate until 12 of each were recruited. Administrators participated in a Zoom interview, received $50 12 for their time, and provided consent. The study was determined to be exempt by the Institutional Review 13 Board of BLIND.

14 15 Data were primarily qualitative, but also included a small number of close-ended questions; the 16 quantitative data related to medical and mental health care are shown in the significantly more than others, and differences regarding mental health care were especially minor. These 47 findings, the first to compare all three setting types, underscore that AL and PACE programs-both 1.00 a One nursing home respondent reported "don't know" and is not included in the data. b Score is based on 1=not at all/a little; 2 =somewhat; 3=moderately; 4=very much; total mean score ranges from 1. 

Estimates of COVID-19 cases and deaths among nursing home residents not reported in federal data

Estimation of excess mortality rates among US assisted living residents during the COVID-19 pandemic

The imperative to reimagine assisted living

Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly

Long-term care providers and services users in the United States

Nursing home design and COVID-19: implications of guidelines and regulation

Acknowledgements: This project was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, through Grant Award Number UL1TR002489. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The authors thank all administrators participating in the Collaborative Studies of Long-Term Care for their time and efforts to inform the future of long-term care and for overseeing the well-being of older adults and their caregivers.