key: cord-0685084-5ot1ice8
authors: Saifuzzaman, Mohd; Rahman, Md. Mosfikur; Shetu, Syeda Farjana; Moon, Nazmun Nessa
title: COVID-19 and Bangladesh: Situation Report, Comparative Analysis, and Case Study
date: 2021-04-20
journal: nan
DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100034
sha: 796173df9cef0e0fbcd40dfd6251a72e4bdd745c
doc_id: 685084
cord_uid: 5ot1ice8

This paper describes different aspects of COVID-19 in Bangladesh and other countries with visualization and infographic images containing the virus's spreading, other information from the statistical format, and some case studies based on various important fields for a country educational, economic, etc. Firstly, literature review section this paper on COVID-19 related works and its type with previous virus transmission reports and its effect. Secondly, completing work describes through algorithms and methodology diagram, which contains the overall data analytics process, including data wrangling. In this phase, the total working procedure to complete further process. Thirdly, a complete situation report analysis on Bangladesh by infographics through dataset containing every perspective of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Comparative analysis with other top infected countries visualizes through the Data Visualization process and statistical analytics and case studies based on various impacts of lockdown on Bangladesh. Finally, a discussion presents the statistical summarization of COVID-19 in Bangladesh.

A dangerous, life-threatening virus named COVID-19 started spreading from Hubei Province's capital in the People's republic of China named Wuhan in December 2019. It is almost ten months, and the world is suffering from COVID-19. In this period, many countries had been recovered entirely while some of them are infected again. World Health Organization declared this COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on the last week of January 2020. After one month, WHO (World Health Organization) declared this COVID-19 as a pandemic on the second week of March 2020. It has been nine months and two weeks we are suffering from COVID-19 since it had been started in December last year. More than 188 countries are infected with this virus. Due to its different kinds of symptoms in different regions, it's becoming harder to make vaccines recover this Pandemic into normal conditions. As of September 15, 2020, more than 29.2 million active cases have been reported in various regions worldwide. Common symptoms for this virus are fever, cough, fatigue, asthma symptoms or breathing problems, loss of smells and tastes, etc. This COVID-19 shows its symptoms like many other diseases as Pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. For this COVID-19, many countries have been locked down to reduce its transmission rate, infected rate, and death rate. As this virus spreads from China, its transmission in the Asian continental zone is very natural. As well, in Bangladesh, COVID-19's arrival date is 08th March 2020. From various news and information, it is clear that COVID-19 enters Bangladesh from tourists from various countries and immigrants who lived in other countries to do their jobs.

To reduce the transmission rate in Bangladesh, the government declared lockdown throughout the nation from March 23, 2020, to various lengths. Though Bangladesh is under lockdown condition, it is the second most affected country in South Asia yet. The government takes many steps and procedures to continue lockdown and reduce the infected rate all over the nation. Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated globally. For this reason transmission rate of COVID-19 increasing day by day. Besides lockdown conditions, the government arranges COVID-19 test lab and Facility Quarantine, where patients can be isolated till they recover. For this lockdown, shut down conditions, Bangladesh has to face many unexpected circumstances in various sectors like economic, educational, industrial, political and regular life of citizens. Citizens are passing their time at home and which is caused by their psychiatric problems in their regular life. Therefore, this paper focuses on the comparative analysis of COVID-19 in every Division of Bangladesh, comparative analysis between other top infected countries, and case studies collected from various news portal media in this Pandemic. For this, some of the applications from Data Visualizations and Analytics from Data Science have to be applied. Data resources have been collected from various authentic sources where every dataset on COVID-19 for Bangladesh has been found containing new cases, new tests, and so many more including Division wise reports. The contributions of this papers are summarized below:

3. Comparative Data Analysis has been done throughout Bangladesh's all divisions, male and female infections, age-based infections and daily perspectives, and other top infected countries. 4. Different cases have been discussed from various news media, and those are directly or indirectly connected with the lockdown impact and COVID-19 conditions. 5. More than the required datasets have been analyzed to make infographic visualizations to show statistical format of COVID-19 impact in Bangladesh and other countries.

There are many papers on COVID-19 which are developed based on Statistical Models and Survey Datasets. Several types of papers were published before on COVID-19. Some Authors' paperwork and their proposed work are why our work is better than their work is given below in table 1.

Remuzzi, A. et. al i) Comparative analysis is done only for Italy.

i) Comparative analysis has been done along with Italy and another top affected country worldwide. ii) A case study is discussed from various news media platforms. Fanelli, D. et. al i) It is hard to understand given graphs and specific information. ii) A methodology needed to be understood.

i) Every given graph has been described with specific information. ii) Working methodology along with algorithm is given. i) Based on every essential factor and impact from COVID-19 is described. ii) Comparative analysis and case studies are evident with well-renowned news portals.

We have collected data from authentic sources about COVID-19. Where we have countrybased data of Bangladesh starts from March 8, 2020, to June 24, 2020, containing data on total tests, new tests, total cases, new cases, total deaths, new deaths, totally recovered, total cases per million, new cases per million, total deaths per million, new deaths per million, total tests per thousand and new tests per thousand. We have collected a quarantine dataset from April 17, 2020, to May 16, 2020, containing the total number of homes and facilities quarantined and released by date. We have also collected dataset on the gender-based and age-based dataset from April 21, 2020, to June 7, 2020, containing death report on Male and Female data and age-based dataset report on five various points as age (1-10), age (11-20), age (21-30), age (31-40), age (41-50), age (51-60) and age (60+). We have done comparative analysis on various divisions also, for this we have to collect data on all divisions as Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Mymensingh, Rangpur, Rajshahi, Barisal, Sylhet, including infected and deaths. We have done comparative analysis on Brazil, America, Russia, Italy, and China. In this country-based comparative analysis, we have compared these Top 5 infected countries with Bangladesh. Where dataset starts from March 8, 2020, to June 24, 2020. In the case study part, we have collected data from various online and offline news media portals. 2. Format Data in Structured Condition: After collecting every dataset from various sources, we format every dataset file in a structured condition. 3. Data Formatting: After completing structured conditions for the dataset, we format these to do the other process as a pre-processing format. 4. Cleaning Unnecessary Data: Unnecessary data must need to be cleaned for further process accuracy. 5. Validating Dataset: We had to check collected dataset is whether valid or not. For this, we have to check the validity of the dataset. 6. Analysis Dataset: After doing every pre-processing, we have to complete our analysis to complete implementation through the selected algorithm for comparative analysis and situation report. 7. Implementing Algorithm: In this part, we implement our Algorithm -1 & 2, respectively, to get the expected statistical view of the given dataset as output. Algorithm 1: To Analysis Individual Report We have used this algorithm to Analysis Individual reports, such as Test Reports Analysis.

Step 1: Install and import necessary modules and packages,

Step 2: Input Dataset

Step 3: Configure Visualization format

Step 4: Configure selected values from the dataset

Step 5: Set Equivalent Values for both Diagram

Step 6: Set labels and parameters for analysis

Step 7: Reconfigure Visualized Diagram

Step 8 Step 1: Install and import necessary modules and packages,

Step 2: Input Dataset

Step 3: Configure Visualization format

Step 4: Configure selected values from the dataset for the first diagram

Step 5: Configure selected values from the dataset for the second diagram

Step 6: Set Equivalent Values for both Diagram

Step 7: Set labels and parameters for analysis

Step 8: Reconfigure Visualized Diagram

Step 9: Output

Situation Report on Bangladesh: COVID 19 strikes on Bangladesh from March 8. The first confirmed case was found on that day. After that, COVID 19 spreads all over Dhaka first; this virus spreads faster than before Dhaka's nearby cities. We have done a detailed analysis of each report of COVID 19 in Bangladesh. We have done some precise analyses, and those are represented as visualization reports.

COVID 19 spreads all over the country within a short time. The first confirmed case was identified on March 8 with COVID positive. To see the spreading of COVID 19, we have done an analysis based on four points. For the convenience of analysis, we represent TCDR as Tests, Cases, Deaths, and Recovery. From Figure-2 , we find the report on TCDR. TCDR represents respectively Tests, Cases, Deaths, Recovers. Our analysis starts from the first time of COVID in Bangladesh, March 8, 2020. We have analyzed data from March 8, 2020, to June 24, 2020. After doing e detailed analysis, we COVID 19 cases reached the higher peak within May month, just as previous analysis reports. From Figure-3 , we see many comparison analyses between Cases, Tests, Deaths, Reports, which are separated into two segments as Total and New. All of these analytics reports have been visualized in Line Plot. While analyzing this visualization report, we need to consider both axis values carefully. Where Red presents one value, there Blue represents another value. However, values occur at the same date by the x-axis value. From Figure- 3(i), we see a different type of comparison report. In this chart, the Red Colored line represents New Cases, and Blue Colored Line represents New Deaths. As we have a mass population country, so this analysis is calculated with one million perceptions. From this diagram, we see this report went up ahead after mid the month of May. Figure-3 (ii) shows another line plot diagram, which represents the comparison between New Tests and New Cases. We have noticed an exciting analysis: number values are really different from each other, but the graph represents almost the same shapes, just like the equivalent. Then respectively, all analysis reports as Figure 

A complete analysis has been done among the eight divisions of Bangladesh, which compares Death and spread of COVID 19. We have eight divisions in Bangladesh, and all of these contain every district all over the country. By considering the population density, Dhaka is the only Division that contains the highest population density of any other divisions in our country. For economic facts, Dhaka and Chittagong are the most valuable Division than the other six divisions. Different segment of Figure-5 shows us different Division's report in infected and Death. From Figure-5(a) , we get visualize report on Dhaka Division. We can see that COVID 19 spreads in Dhaka too much faster when we see at Infected graph. The same as the infected graph when we see at the death report graph, we on the first position death rate contain rhythm, but just after May 9, 2020; it increases gradually. Right after Dhaka Division, our analysis report shows respectively Chittagong, 

Now, let us consider the lethality of COVID 19 based on Division. 

Quarantine is strictly maintained in this COVID 19 epidemic. From a quarantine dataset analysis, we found a visualization report below Figure-5. People and government maintain the quarantine. Government-organized quarantine or "Facility Quarantine" in Figure-6 (a) declares an isolation system. People who maintained their quarantine after being COVID positive or traveling one city to another are generally at home, declared by "Home Quarantine" in Figure-6(b) . When we analyze both of these visualization reports, we see maximum people choose "Home Quarantine" instead of "Facility Quarantine." In Figure-7 , an area plot presents the number of deaths in the various age range. We consider four stages of ages in human life to view the death poll. We divide all ages as Age (1-20), Age (21-40), age (41-60), and age (60+) in these four stages. When we analyze these statistics representing area plots, we see the maximum death record at 60+. Nevertheless, after May 6, 2020, it gradually increases the death rate for age 40 to 60. Just after one week, from May 13, 2020, the middle-age death rate begins at the higher peak with age level 21-40.

In Figure-8 , a line plot presents the number of deaths between genders. In this statistical visualization analysis, we see that the Male Death Rate increases day by day, and until now, it is at the peak value. If we see this analysis very sharply, we will see three times when Female Death Rate crossed Male Death Rate. This happens between April 19, (a) (b) 2020, April 29, 2020, and May 9, 2020, to May 19, 2020. However, after that Male Death Rate went to a high peak value before May 19, 2020.

COVID 19 spreads all over the world like a pandemic. The whole world is under lockdown conditions due to this Pandemic. We have done some comparative analysis with other countries and Bangladesh. We consider five countries to compare our conditions in 4 perspectives. Every country has different populations. To solve this issue, we only analyze our report on 1 million people as constant. We have done our analysis with fixed-time data. We took data from March 8 to June 24.

Brazil is one the highest population density country in the world. By comparing with Brazil and Bangladesh, we found a visualized report below:

Figure-9: Bangladesh vs. Brazil From the line diagram in Figure 9 , we see Brazil has a higher peak rate value in Total Death than Bangladesh. However, after May month, Bangladesh's daily cases cross Brazil's daily case shape in the graph, though their numeric numbers are different. On the other hand, daily deaths are higher than in Bangladesh in Brazil. Total Cases are higher than Bangladesh in Brazil.

COVID 19 started spreading in Wuhan, China. Therefore, we have analyzed our country report with China to see some essential facts. By comparing with China and Bangladesh, we found a visualized report below: Figure 10 : Bangladesh vs. China.

Italy was declared a high danger zone in COVID 19 pandemic. This is why; we make a comparison analysis with Italy and Bangladesh. By comparing with Italy and Bangladesh, we found a visualized report below: Figure 11 : Bangladesh vs. Italy

From the line diagram in Figure 10 , we see Italy has a higher peak rate value in Total Death than Bangladesh. However, from the first week of May, Bangladesh's daily cases cross Italy's daily case shape in the graph, though their numeric numbers are different. On the other hand, daily deaths are higher than in Bangladesh in Italy. Total Cases are higher than Bangladesh in Italy. From perspective analysis, we see Total Cases and Total Deaths are almost equivalent in Italy.

Russia is one of the most COVID 19 infected countries in the world. By comparing with Russia and Bangladesh, we found a visualized report below: Figure 12 : Bangladesh vs. Russia

Currently, America is the highest infection and death rate considered a country all over the world. Therefore, it was essential to complete an analysis with America and Bangladesh. By comparing with America and Bangladesh, we found a visualized report below: From the line diagram in Figure 13 , we see America has a higher peak rate value in Total Death than Bangladesh. However, from the last week of May, Bangladesh's daily cases cross America's simple case shape in the graph, though their numeric numbers are different. On the other hand, daily deaths from America were higher in April than in Bangladesh. Total Cases are higher than Bangladesh in America. The entire Deaths graph is an entirely different pole reaction within Bangladesh and America.

The dataset related to this research paper is available via the GitHub repository https://github.com/mdmosfikurrahman/Datasets

All source codes are available upon request.

☒ The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

☐The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships, which may be considered as potential competing interests: i) Based on every essential factor and impact from COVID-19 is described. ii) Comparative analysis and case studies are evident with well-renowned news portals.

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