key: cord-0074432-p9c0lnwi
authors: AlMalki, Hameeda A.; Durugbo, Christopher M.
title: Systematic review of institutional innovation literature: towards a multi-level management model
date: 2022-02-02
journal: Manag Rev Q
DOI: 10.1007/s11301-022-00259-8
sha: c715d7b772adfad75e6744e5b0440c426b49bbc5
doc_id: 74432
cord_uid: p9c0lnwi

Institutional innovation creates smart institutions that idiosyncratically thrive in a world of exponential change. Through policy-driven interventions and experiential learning, managers of institutions become adept at delivering praxis- and crisis-driven innovations required for survival and success. Similarly, the management of institutional innovation remains an interest in research due to links of this form of innovation to economic growth, and the demands of on-going major socioeconomic transformations due to technological advances, increased occurrences of major crises, and emerging socioeconomic challenges. Accordingly, a key question arising from the literature concerns the range of determinants and priorities that influence institutional innovation for delivering society value. Thus, the onus is on scholarship to capture and advance knowledge for harnessing the potency of institutional innovation. The purpose of this article is to analyse the current state of research on institutional innovation. Using the systematic review methodology, we identify and critically appraise 485 peer-reviewed scientific publications between 1969 and 2021. The review finds key determinants and management priorities with a view to developing a multi-level management model of institutional innovation. Guided by insights from the review, the article sets a research agenda for future management studies of institutional innovation.

For institutions like governments and businesses, pressures to stay abreast with social changes and scientific advances in society, serve as the impetus for innovation, 1 i.e., institutional innovation, which changes not only global competition but also the basis of competition itself within, and between institutions. Existing viewpoints on institutional innovation expand management strategy and policy horizons for institutions to include processes such as supply chain management, product innovation, and customer relationship management. These viewpoints redefine roles and relationships across independent entities to accelerate and amplify learning and to reduce risks (Hagel and Brown 2013; Fuentelsaz et al. 2018; Gretchenko et al. 2018) . The institutional innovation perspective also depends on mechanisms for building scalable, long-term trust-based relationships through learning capabilities (Hao and Yunlong 2014; Chittoor et al. 2015; Phornlaphatrachakorn 2019) and increasing awareness of environmental pressures (Chu et al. 2018; Tang et al. 2020a) . Consequently, institutional innovation underpins the government, educational, training, and corporate policies that solve complex social problems, particularly through systematic collaborations between government agencies, universities, industries, and users.

In the management literature, the main problem for institutional innovation research remains questions on the legitimacy of institutions (Tingey and Webb 2020) and the necessary characteristics of novel initiatives that address socio-economic challenges such as income inequality (Biurrun 2020) . Fittingly, there is on-going and increasing theoretical and empirical interest in the determinants of innovation (Molina-Morales and Mas-Verdu 2008; . For this line of inquiry, an important focus is on a working hypothesis that conformance to institutional frameworks underpinned by innovation has the potential to deliver societal value (Ventura et al. 2020; Chebrolu and Dutta 2021) . Such frameworks highlight the dynamic nature of institutional environments, context-specific nature of innovations, and proactivity of innovators within institutions. Another area of interest (e.g. Pfister et al. (2021) and Tang et al. (2020b) ), lies in understanding the priorities of institutions for managing the increasingly sophisticated policy toolbox used by governments to facilitate institutional innovation for public sector composition, creation of tax credits, investment in indigenous talent, intellectual property strategies, environmental protection regulations, funding for research and enterprise, etc. Here, the emphasis is on the nature of deep innovation and reviews of institutional structures needed to sustain livelihoods during times of historic change (Beunen and Kole 2021; Gongbuzeren et al. 2021; Hughes et al. 2021) . In view of these on-going interests, there is a need to review and capture the current state of research 1 Innovation is defined here according to the 2018 Oslo Manual as an outcome (business innovation), i.e. "new or improved product or business process (or combination thereof) that differs significantly from the firm's previous products or business processes and that has been introduced on the market or brought into use by the firm", and as a process (innovation activities), i.e. "developmental, financial and commercial activities undertaken by a firm that are intended to result in an innovation for the firm" (OECD/ Eurostat 2018; p. 33). on institutional innovation regularly for advancing domain knowledge and highlighting paths for future research.

The aim of this article is to review existing literature on institutional innovation based on a systematic approach. The review examines the trends of research methodologies and theories in studies, analyses key determinants, and synthesises management priorities for institutional innovation. Using knowledge captured from the review process, the article proposes a multi-level management model and sets a research agenda that challenges management researchers to advance the field of institutional innovation.

For this review, the interest lies in enriching the on-going work by researchers, managers, and policymakers to analyse the main determinants and priorities of institutional innovation. Such analysis remains critical for two reasons. First, innovation management studies that link institutional factors to economic growth contribute to a wellestablished domain of management research. This domain remains the focus of current studies (Jiang and Zhang 2020; Edwards and King 2021) to underscore the role of new ventures, market creation, inclusivity, and assistance afforded by institutions for the growth of economies and technological trajectory. Here, innovative activities within institutions act a central force to economic growth because they determine sharing rules within society and complement other growth explanations such as frugality, resilience, geography, trade, and capital (Gande et al. 2020; Tomizawa et al. 2020; Nkundabanyanga et al. 2020) . Second, the world is at the brink of a major socioeconomic transformation due to the effects of technological revolutions like Industry 4.0, increased occurrences of major crises (e.g., natural disasters, health emergences, regional conflicts, terrorism, and economic recessions), and emerging challenges associated with climate change, rise of populism and geo-political tensions, environmental biodegradation, and rising inequality. Coping with this transformation remains complex and challenging. With thin mind, this review intends to contribute to management research and discourse on institutional innovation based on the rationale that a multi-level management model of institutional innovation could deepen and enhance understanding of determinants and priorities for supporting economic growth and confronting emerging challenges of major socioeconomic transformations. This review confronts the following research question:

RQ What are the main determinants and management priorities of institutional innovation in the literature?

The remainder of this review proceeds as follows. The next section gives an overview of institutional innovation, followed by the review methodology and findings on key determinant and management priorities, respectively. The review then presents the multi-level management model followed by a discussion of potential future questions and challenges for management research on institutional innovation.

Institutions are social constructs defined as "the rules of a society or of organisations that facilitate coordination among people by helping them form expectations which each person can reasonably hold in dealing with others" (Ruttan and Hayami 1984, p. 204) . These rules govern behaviour, produce more longstanding facets of human systems, and steer societies along specific development paths (McCann 2004; Woodhill 2010 ) but depend on the will and creativity of individuals (Shaffer 1969) . Through formal (e.g. laws) and informal (e.g. social norms) mechanisms, institutions concomitantly emerge from and determine socio-economic exchanges (North 1991; Scott 2006) within public and private spheres of human endeavour. In this context, some researchers argue that 'institutional void', i.e. the absence of formal institutional mechanisms, triggers the use of informal institutional mechanisms for guiding and supporting interactions (Raghubanshi et al. 2021 ). An alternate view argues that the emergence of institutions stems from constant-cause (same factors) and path-dependence (different factors) explanations (Parrado 2008) . Recognising that institutions are 'rules of the game' (North 1990; Edquist 2006; Scott 2006) , recent studies (e.g. Chebrolu and Dutta (2021) and Hughes et al. (2021) ) argue that radical perturbations, such as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, are 'game changers' that cause socio-economic distress and disrupt the status quo. Yet, these perturbations also pose opportunities for innovation to reimagine existing institutions and to transform the supportive ecosystems of such institutions.

According to Hagel and Brown (2013, p. 4) , institutional innovation is a shift from scalable efficiency to scalable learning, such that organisations "can become more adept at generating richer innovations at other levels, including products, services, business models, and management systems". Similarly, Raffaelli and Glynn (2015, p. 409 ) define institutional innovation as "novel, useful, and legitimate change that disrupts, to varying degrees, the cognitive, normative, or regulative mainstays of an organisational field". For Li et al. (2020b; p.115801) , institutional innovation is "the creation of a new and more effective system to encourage people's behaviour, and the realisation of social sustainable development and innovation under the existing production and living environment". This form of innovation emerges from injections of investments and initiatives reinforced by policies and strategies as posited by the 'institutional-pump' model (Durugbo et al. 2020a) , which contrasts with technology-push and market-pull theories on innovation (Martin 1994) , as summarised by Fig. 1 . For instance, 'pumps' of investment underscore directed actions that implement institutional changes proposed via contracts, internalisation, regulation, and referendums (Polopolus 1969; Hug 2005) .

Using systems thinking, Johannessen (2008) attempts to explain changes due to institutional innovation along pattern, functional, historical, and cybernetic forms of causal processes. The author suggests these different processes account for legitimacy taken for granted (cognitive) or engrained in social pressures from institutional actors (normative). Similarly, Woodhill (2010) applies a systems complexity standpoint to argue for institutional innovation capacity that involves navigating complexity; learning collaboratively; engaging politically; and being self-reflective. Irrespective of the characterisation, institutional innovation as a concept has some lawful implications for organisational actors. Like other innovations, institutional innovation concerns novelty and utility, but differs in that it is also "legitimate, credible and appropriate" (Raffaelli and Glynn 2015, p. 407) . Institutional innovation rose to prominence due to development in sectors such as healthcare and manufacturing, with research on the subject gaining traction in the mid-1970s. Major management changes spurred by research undertaken in England and Wales in 1963 and 1973 as well as in France and North America account for most of this growing interest (Sewell et al. 2005) . Here, insights provided from studies over the years underscore how institutions stimulate innovation to reduce uncertainties, coordinate the use of knowledge, mediate conflicts, and provide incentives.

Literature offers three main viewpoints on institutional innovation, as compared by Table 1 . The first viewpoint, induced institutional innovation (Ruttan and Hayami 1984; Ruttan 1989 Ruttan , 2006 , posits that resource imbalances due to institutional constraints motivates a dialectic interaction between demand for and supply of innovation. This interaction also considers the influence of technological and cultural changes in society. Here, innovators harness potential opportunities associated with overcoming institutional disequilibrium due to changes in market sizes, government rules, etc. (Grabowski 1991; Godden 1991; Ruttan 2006) . The next viewpoint, Fig. 1 Comparing the institutional-pump model to technology-push and market-pull theories of innovation (Durugbo et al. 2020a) continuous institutional innovation, notes the rapid advances and waves in technological breakthroughs Xie and Yang 2021 ) that improve democratic governance (Biggs 2008; Fung 2012) . These breakthroughs emerge from and deliver provisioning in four main forms: (i) technological infrastructure that enact innovative policies; (ii) high technology that engineer complex solutions; (iii) computerbased information systems that enable innovative business processes; and (iv) digital technologies that enhance service delivery (Durugbo et al. 2020a ). The third viewpoint, collective institutional innovation (Hargrave and Van De Ven 2006) , uses social movement and technology innovation literature to argue for a model of collective action for change that is field-dependent and occurs according to the exchanges between actors within the field. The viewpoint also highlights four perspectives on institutional innovation involving adaption, diffusion, design, and collection action-according to varying actor level foci and reproduction/ construction modes of change.

Institutional innovation is important for accelerating economic activities and contributes to added economic value. This is because this form of innovation shapes the behaviour of organisations (Edquist 2006) and motivates institutional actors to plan modifications that spur a variety of collective activities carefully (Schickler 2001;  Davis and North (1970) ; Farrell and Runge (1983) ; Ruttan and Hayami (1984) ; Mandal (1987) ; Grabowski (1988 Grabowski ( , 1991 ; Ruttan (1989 Ruttan ( , 2006 ; Godden (1991) ; Lin (1995) ; Escobal (2000) 

Motivated by RQ, this article applies the systematic review methodology (Khan et al. 2003) to analyse research studies on institutional innovation. The process for this review, shown in Fig. 2 , consists of three main phases: planning, conducting, and reporting (Kitchenham and Charters 2007; Durugbo et al. 2020b) . Planning the review involves creating an initial protocol that concretises and formalises the review plan. Table 2 outlines the review protocol concerning the context for the research, the specific research questions, the planned search strategy, and the criteria for publication selection.

Conducting the review is the phase entailing the selection of studies, quality assessment to include studies, data extraction and monitoring, and the data synthesis. Selection concentrates on sources available on two online databases. First, Scopus (https:// www. scopus. com), which is a scientific search engine with The research strings for the review are "Institution AND innovation", "innovation AND institution", "institution innovation", OR "institutional innovation"

Database Independent online database with citation data and indexes of scholarly writings , which is a citation database that tracks and provides access to over 171 million records with about 1.9 billion cited references. Using Scopus and Web of Science, the review identifies, screens, and accumulates sources related to institutional innovation. The search process for the review applies a range of search strings to identify and screen sources based on titles, keywords, and abstracts of articles. The specific strings that serve as the basis for this review are "institution AND innovation", "innovation AND institution", "institution innovation", and "institutional innovation". This search generated 1600 and 1515 results on Scopus and Web of Science respectively, and further refined searches limiting results to journal articles published in English produced 983 and 893 results on Scopus and Web of Science, respectively. Cross-referencing to identify duplicates and screening for relevance yielded 485 articles published between 1969 and 2021 that serve as the basis for this review. Figure 3 shows the yearly distribution of the review articles, indicating a growing trend and interest in the topic, particularly in the past 7 years. The review relies on empirical and theoretical peer reviewed journal articles as the main inclusion criteria. Consequently, this process excludes conference proceeding papers, doctoral dissertations, master's theses, textbooks, and unpublished working papers.

For reporting the review, data analysis initially presents trends and classifications of studies. This phase derives data from preceding steps to inspect, clean, transform, and model review data on methodologies and theories within studies. Figure 4a shows that the main methodologies used in the literature are case studies (171 articles), econometric models based on longitudinal panel data (111 articles), surveys based mainly on cross-sectional data (52 articles), and essays 1969 1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 involving critiques, discussions, and historical analyses (50 articles). The review also contains studies using mixed methods (29 articles), literature reviews (24 articles), conceptual pieces (25 articles), decision analysis using techniques such as simulation and multi-criteria decision analysis (12), experimentation (5 articles), action research (4 articles), and meta-analysis (3 articles).

The analysis also finds, as shown in Fig. 4b , strong theoretical underpinnings for institutional innovation studies, with institutional theory, rather unsurprisingly, dominating coverage with use in 95 sources (82 usages in isolation and an additional 13 usages from the 28 studies with multiple theories). Some other theories used in the literature include systems of innovation, transaction cost, resource-based view, absorptive capacity, dynamic capabilities, regulatory focus, and social network theories, as presented by Table 3 . The reporting phase also involves a synthesis of the findings, consistent with the research protocol, and geared towards presenting the extracted data in a manner that is coherent with Exploring cultural differences on the proactivity of institutions for innovation (Bennett and Nikolaev 2020) the review objective and intended outcomes (Kitchenham and Charters 2007). Synthesis during the review is descriptive and intended to present clusters and outlines of the key determinants and management priorities for institutional innovation. In establishing the determinants, the review creates categories of concepts that serve as the phenomena investigated. For management priorities, the review applies clustering to capture themes that underscore focal points for management and interventions to enhance institutional innovation. Applying conceptual and thematic analysis is consistent with the systematic review methodology (Khan 

Literature suggests institutional innovation management exists in four main contexts: organisational, environmental, social, and governmental. These innovation contexts strengthen the contribution of intangible resources (e.g., proximity, relational capital, cooperation, and learning) as sources of economic growth. Constructs such as the quadruple helix (Schütz et al. 2018 ), 2 posit on actors and systems for these contexts with institutions pursuing radical ( 

Organisational innovation presents the core context for institutional innovation, harnessing the potentials of open and technological innovations, and delivering breakthrough processes and products in areas such as healthcare (Laurell 2018) , finance (Boulanger and Gagnon 2018) , and education (Sein-Echaluce et al. 2017; Boroujerdi et al. 2020; Thani et al. 2021) . Delving into complexities of intra-and inter-organisational innovation underlines the significance of new ventures and enterprise (Fuentelsaz et al. 2018) , innovativeness and innovative behaviour (Sun et al. 2017; Da Silva 2019) , and innovative investment and funding (Huston et al. 2015) for sustaining economic growth of cities and communities. With increasing awareness of an emergent environmental crisis, institutions also pursue environmental (green and eco forms of) innovations aimed at sustainable development (Adomssent and Michelsen 2006; Wang et al. 2019a ). Eco-friendly energy sources (e.g., solar, hydro and wind) and practices (e.g. reverse logistics) afford institutions with opportunities for enhancing nature's resilience to environmental pressures and for promoting responsible and accountable use of natural resources (Huang and Yang 2014; Polzin et al. 2016; Chen et al. 2018) . This context motivates studies of management strategies such as stringent environmental regulations (Chu et al. 2018; Yao et al. 2019) , reverse logistics (Aguilera-Caracuel and Ortiz-de-Mandojana 2013; Huang and Yang 2014), brand equity (Yao et al. 2021) , and mobilisation of private finance (Polzin et al. 2016) . Additionally, institutions chase social innovations in efforts to address complex social problems such as income inequality, poverty alleviation, urban mobility, and persistent societal and endemic violent conflicts. The intent is to create societal value (Turker and Vural 2017) and promote social enterprise (Kolk and Lenfant 2015; Venugopal and Viswanathan 2019) in conflict-affected areas plagued by institutional gaps. Co-creating and legitimating social innovation (Onsongo 2019; Kumari et al. 2020 ) becomes paramount as institutions explore agents of social change for sectoral diffusion patterns (Peirce 1991; Windrum et al. 2018 ) along with empowerment in public welfare for marginalised citizens and local communities that creates opportunities for positive change (Andersen and Bilfeldt 2017) . Governmental (regulatory or policy (Costa-Font and Puig-Junoy 2007) ) innovation involves initiatives by governments that seek to confront discrepancies between the existing and attainable quality of life for citizens (Shaffer 1969) . These discrepancies stem from issues surrounding employability, inequality in advanced economies, over-concentration of wealth for few at the top of the income distribution (Biurrun 2020; Fumasoli and Rossi 2021) . Examples of policy innovations include the New Deal legislation of the 1930s that generated economic value in the form of reduced risk and increased rewards for farmers (Farrell and Runge 1983) and the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 for supporting bankers (Ferderer 2003) . Intergovernmental bodies also implement policy innovation, e.g., the Birds and Habitats Directives that targets the sustainable conservation of natural habitats and species (Beunen and Kole 2021) . Traditionally the mode for socioeconomic advances by contemporary societies (Rickards et al. 1996; Tingey and Webb 2020) , recent studies highlight the increasing use of innovative policy toolboxes by local, national, and regional governments of emerging economies (May 2008; Helleiner and Wang 2018; Tang et al. 2020b ) for boosting collaboration (Gachie 2020) and effectiveness (Rodríguez-Pose and Zhang 2020).

In view of these contexts, this analysis of the literature identifies four categories of determinants for institutional innovation: (i) institutional quality and control, (ii) institutional diversity and reputation, (iii) institutional value and output, and (iv) institutional reform and improvement. Table 4 summarises these key determinants, and the next subsections outline the main concepts within the categories. 

Topically, the most investigated category of determinants and independent variables is institutional quality and control that influences efficiency and dexterity of innovation inputs. Studies focus on institutional quality because empirical evidence suggests this concept influences the ability of firms to acquire advanced technologies (Wu et al. 2016 ; Kawabata and Camargo Junior 2020) along with the probability, capacity, and intensity of innovation (Rodríguez-Pose and Zhang 2020; Mosconi and D'Ingiullo 2021). Total quality management (TQM) offers a critical paradigm for ensuring quality (Wiklund et al. 2003; Sharma et al. 2010 ; Kasperavičiūtė-Černiauskienė and Serafinas 2018) while control is a determinant that investigative studies generally agree on but underscore in varying research foci. Examples of these control foci include institutional gatekeepers (Ferguson and Carnabuci 2017) , institutional structures (Fischer and Tello-Gamarra 2017) , institutional governance (Bekhet and Latif 2018) , and internal control quality (Ruan and Liu 2021) . However, the most stressed quality and control determinants are patent systems characterised by high levels of formalism (Barros 2015; Ervits and Zmuda 2018) and intended for managing Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) (Malva et al. 2013; Huang et al. 2017; Hou et al. 2018 ). An alternative but complementary perspective in the literature identifies ownership as a mechanism for quality (Yi et al. 2017 ) due to links with strategic human resource management that support innovation-oriented business strategies (Cooke and Saini 2010) . Research also suggests that institutional strategies embed control in an array of managerial tools, such as institutional support systems that prioritise quality controls for shaping R&D efforts within innovation systems, especially in terms of labour productivity and patenting behaviour (Fischer and Tello-Gamarra 2017) . In these circumstances, managerial sense-making (Lee and Yoo 2008; Weber et al. 2019 ) remains essential to achieving sound long-term performance, on which the legitimacy and sustainability of the selective governance constellation rest. Although researchers agree on the importance of high performing and pro-innovation institutions, the spotlight on quality and control determinants tend to vary. Measuring efficacy and changeability offers the main interest for some researchers (Bennett and Nikolaev 2020; Afshari-Mofrad et al. 2021) , while others analyse factors related to innovation performance (Asiedu et al. 2020; Bentzen et al. 2021; Godlewska 2021) or the performance of institutional entities such as firms Hussen and Çokgezen 2021) , and universities (Sharma and Sharma 2021) . The latter interest informs the use of analytical constructs like the quadruple helix, which add a layer of network control for engagement (Schütz et al. 2018; Kang and Jiang 2020) . This layer taps into huge potentials for high quality collaborative innovation for confronting grand challenges (e.g., climate change and urban mobility) facing modern societies.

Next, institutional diversity and reputation offer the next category of determinants investigated by researchers. Here, the emphasis remains on understanding the roles of heterogeneous (de Zubielqui et al. 2015) and diverse (van Wijk et al. 2019) actors in mobilising the emotional energy and reflexive awareness necessary to disrupt the status quo, generate (and negotiate) alternatives, and embed solutions in institutional contexts to produce profound change. Diversity foci vary in several studies with interests including urban diversity (Smith and Thomas 2015) , firm-university partnership diversity (Whitley 2014) , and environmental technology diversity (Aragon-Correa and la Hiz 2016). These authors recognise variations in the idiosyncratic capabilities of firms for acquiring and allocating resources (Li 2015; Kang and He 2018) and how these capabilities influence the ability of institutions to generate environmental, social, and economic value for stakeholders (Yeung 2015) . For some studies, inequality entrenched in long-standing institutional arrangements is a diversity management challenge for strategies to foster gender inclusivity (Krech 2020) and policies to redress social inequality and poverty (Zapata-Cantu and González 2021). More broadly, highlighted as a puzzle for management scholars, understanding the link between institutional innovation and inequality (Biurrun 2020) is a research focus accentuated by recent macroeconomic shocks due to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008 and COVID-19 pandemic. Due to these shocks and radical perturbations, some researchers (Tomizawa et al. 2020; Hughes et al. 2021 ) differ in their opinions on the role of diversity, arguing for emphasis on alternate inclusive institutional arrangements that foster inequality due to the breakdown of institutions stemming from major socio-economic and technological transformations in society.

In the literature, institutional reputation contains intrinsic ties to diversity (Wu et al. 2015) and indicates success (d'Agostino and Scarlato 2019). Reputation, in this context, concerns institutional (and organisational) credibility and integrity as viewed by a wide spectrum of stakeholders, including citizens, governmental agencies, customers, and industry. While strong institutional policies build reputation for top-down, up-and-up implementations, focus on organisational level reputation offers a bottom-up, divide-and-conquer alternative. Considering these prospects, researchers examine how carefully considered innovation strategies enable organisations to boost their reputation (Pesti et al. 2019) for attracting top talent (de la Mothe 2004; Dahm et al. 2021) , and how institutional information and externalities influence institutional reputation (de Zubielqui et al. 2015) .

Insights from the literature suggest that the category for institutional value and output offers the most investigated dependent variables for institutional innovation. In the context of institutions, some researchers with 'contributory foci' measure innovation outputs (e.g., using patent numbers and citations (Kim et al. 2019), revenues of new products (Hou et al. 2019) , and costs of equity capital (Lui et al. 2016) , while arguing that these outputs are part of a multi-faceted structure involving knowledge creation and diffusion (Kwan and Chiu 2015) . In contrast, some studies with 'critical foci' investigate the decline of innovative outputs in the context of ties to policy efforts (Kunamaneni 2019) , technology use (Mohsen et al. 2021) , and the political economy of micro-level institutions (Haggard and Zheng 2013) . There are also studies with 'consequential foci' examining the significance of the institutional environment from which organisations operate (Barasa et al. 2017 ) and the nature of collaboration between institutional entities (e.g., multinational companies and small-sized life science companies) for harnessing entrepreneurial and creative capacities (Styhre and Remneland-Wikhamn 2016) .

Value, which is more inherently beneficiary-oriented and relational, also preoccupies researchers (Styhre and Remneland-Wikhamn 2016; Cestino and Berndt 2017) , for public value creation that enhances the life of citizens (Yang 2016 ) and customer value propositions in transaction rules that benefit clients, buyers, end-users, and so on (Wallman 2009 ). Overall, determinants in this category strive for an integration of community indicators and government performance management in an iterative cycle of engagement, legitimacy, and execution, with structural developments across borders between civil society, politics, and administration.

Institutional reform and improvement describe a category of determinants essential for transformative processes (i.e., methodical, management and process innovation) within institutions in such a way that different modus operandi and modus vivendi respect human rights, maintain the rule of law, and are accountable to constituents. Primarily the focus of earlier studies (Polopolus 1969; Ruttan and Hayami 1984; Grabowski 1988 ) and more recent discussions and conceptualisations (Sus 2019; Hughes et al. 2021; Perry 2021) , interest in this category centres on discourse surrounding the genesis and metamorphosis of institutions. Earlier works stress the role of agents of change (Ebegbulem 1974; Pred 1978 ) while more recent expositions give prominence to the implementation of ambitious projects (Williams 2002; Chien 2007) , and transparent public-private partnerships (Zhang and Tan 2019; Oppong and Andrews 2020; Yu 2020). Similarly, the nature of change varies among scholars with debates that highlight differing emphasis on socioeconomic and political change (Halpern 2005) , change in the new power topology (Clapp et al. 2016 ), technological change (Mia 2020; Perry 2021) , managerial change (Parrado 2008) , and technical change for economic development and knowledge acquisition processes (Oyelaran-Oyeyinka 2006; Ruttan 2006) . Some studies argue that reform for institutional improvement is crucial, not only to boost quality levels of outputs (Azadegan et al. 2013 ) but also procedurally to ensure quality exchanges within cooperative networks (Brinckmann 1998 ). However, other researchers offer a contrasting perspective that considers negative impacts of limits and constraints such as institutional voids in areas of inadequate support (Turker and Vural 2017), triggering a rethinking and reimagining of existing formal institutional frameworks (Onsongo 2019; Chebrolu and Dutta 2021).

Regional policies embed reform and deliver disruptive (hence economic) capabilities and capacities for improvements. In literature, capabilities tend to represent the most essential determinant in institutional innovation (Sawang et al. 2017) , and even though this determinant spans different categories of determinants in literature as shown in Table 4 , the reform and improvement category heightens the role of capabilities. Insights from policy making and the development of technical standards advance this line of reasoning (Smink et al. 2015) as policy makers wrestle with necessary blends of heterogeneous actions (radical or incremental) (Turker and Vural 2017; Ventura et al. 2020 ), agents (internal or external) (Villavicencio et al. 2015) , and arrangements (formal or informal) (Fischer and Tello-Gamarra 2017) for successful innovations. Capacities and other conditions for successful institutional reforms also preoccupy scholars with policy suggestions for eased foreign direct investment (McCarthy et al. 2014 ) and entrepreneurial endeavours that transcend the institutional constraints of national innovation systems (Hung 2000) . Some studies view national and local reform in the context of structural and behavioural logics that legitimise social meanings required for reform and improvement (Lazer et al. 2011; Waldorff 2013; Kooijman et al. 2017) , with scholars analysing speeds and directions of radical innovation. Although varied in focus, there is somewhat of a consensus on the role of reform and improvements for realising substantial economic growth, and for overcoming challenges of unemployment, inequality, and deprivation.

Synthesis of review data finds six management priorities for enhancing institutional innovation. This review determines these priorities based on appraising management contributions within the literature. These priorities are: (i) network engagement, externalities, and relationships (NEER), (ii) institutional logic, capabilities, and constraints (ILCC), (iii) economic conditions, policies, and intermediaries (ECPI), (iv) institutional strategies, ownership, and governance (ISOG), (v) technology readiness, transfer, and support (TRTS), and (vi) institutional synergies, incentives, and entrepreneurship (ISIE). Table 5 summarises these priorities and the next subsections outline their importance.

The first of the priorities, NEER, reflects the growing significance of managerial social networks for institutional innovation (Kraft and Bausch 2018) in relation to transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary engagement within institutional networks (Lynn et al. 1996; Nordberg et al. 2003; Geels 2004 Economic conditions (Baker 1989; Zweifel 1995; Heher 2006; Hyvärinen 2006; Vermeulen et al. 2007b (Epstein 1994; Harding 2000; Hart 2001; George and Prabhu 2003; Molnár 2004; Na et al. 2007; Vermeulen et al. 2007b; Vasudeva 2009; Niosi 2010; Adebowale 2012; Doblinger et al. 2016; Ito et al. 2016; Kwon and Motohashi 2017; Corsini et al. 2018; Kapetaniou et al. 2018; Allen et al. 2020 ) Intermediaries (Hüsig and Mann 2010; Ma et al. 2014; Chen et al. 2015; Watkins et al. 2015; Polzin et al. 2016; Landoni 2017; Radaelli et al. 2017) Institutional strategy, ownership, and governance

Strategies for managing institutional actors to ensure long term success while maintaining socioeconomic stability and sustainability

Strategy (Ross 1989; Drew 1995; Brinckmann 1998 (Hoskisson et al. 2002; Yi et al. 2017; Sakaki and Jory 2019) Participatory governance (Whitley 2000; Casper and Matraves 2003; Yoshikawa et al. 2007; Rahman et al. 2009; Genus 2012; Li et al. 2012; Yi et al. 2012; Clausen 2014; Zhang and Putzel 2016; Yang et al. 2017; Elle 2017; Bekhet and Latif 2018; Yang 2018; Huber-Stearns et al. 2019) Technology readiness, transfer, and support Technology skills, methods, and processes used to achieve institutional goals Technology readiness (Abrahamson and Rosenkopf 1993; King et al. 1994; Hung 2000; Clark 2002; Nelson and Nelson 2002; Nagamatsu et al. 2006; Wiskerke and Roep 2007; Huston et al. 2015; Lui et al. 2016; Zhang and Putzel 2016; Quiroga and Martin 2017; Nite and Washington 2017; Yau and Lau 2018; Webster and Gardner 2019; Hou et al. 2019; la Hiz et al. 2019; Lyu et al. 2019; Markey-Towler 2020; Mishchenko et al. 2021; Xie and Yang 2021; Oborn et al. 2021; Mohsen et al. 2021 ) Technology transfer and partnerships (Clark and Clay 1987; Zweifel 1995; Mason and Wagner 1999; Kwon et al. 2009; Lauto et al. 2013; Suzuki 2015; Rosenbusch et al. 2019; Blake et al. 2021 ) Technology support and adaptation (Kikuchi and Hayami 1983; Regan 1993; Orihata and Watanabe 2000; Abereijo et al. 2009; Chhetri et al. 2012; Hsu et al. 2012; Malva et al. 2013; Barros 2015; Juk and Fuck 2015; Ferguson and Carnabuci 2017; Huang et al. 2017; Hinings et al. 2018; Bjornlund et al. 2020; Bierut and Dybka 2021) Institutional synergies, incentives, and entrepreneurship

Realising synergetic competences through Collaborative philosophies of co-creation, co-management, and co-decisions (Shackleton and Raunio 2003; Léopold et al. 2019; Casagrande et al. 2021 ) Complementarities of roles and arrangements (Gallery and Gordon 2008; Lee and Yoo 2008; Garrick et al. 2011; Corsi and Prencipe 2019; Da Silva 2019; Wu et al. 2020; Cechin et al. 2021 ) Incentivising institutional actors (Levien 1971; Tyson 1979; Hyvärinen 2006; Carney and Zheng 2009; Jun and Weare 2011; Shu et al. 2016; Qu et al. 2017; Suparjo 2017; Desmet et al. 2020; Tang et al. 2020a ; Wang and Deng 2021) Entrepreneurial mind-sets in institutions (Munene 1995; Hyvärinen 2006; Wang and Swanson 2007; Jun and Weare 2011; Van Wijk et al. 2015; Albertini and Muzzi 2016; Maksimov et al. 2017; Cowden and Bendickson 2018; Laurell 2018; Tumbas et al. 2018; Widyani 2019; Jensen and Fersch 2019; Phornlaphatrachakorn 2019; Etzkowitz et al. 2019; Rahman et al. 2019; Tang et al. 2020b) network arrangements in the form of collaborations among industry, university, and research institutions (Yingbo et al. 2010) , R&D collaborations (Hou et al. 2019) , helix innovation networks (Schütz et al. 2018) , public research institutions (Fritsch and Schwirten 1999) , university-industry links (Kunamaneni 2019) , and multilevel institutional linkages (Rodima-Taylor et al. 2012 ). Significant in institutional collaborations and partnerships is the role of institutional actors (Lounsbury and Crumley 2007; Chen 2018 ) who substantially influence the creation of new practice, innovation capability, commercialisation of new technology, and institutional arrangements. Specifically, research studies allude to network actors such as executive and middle managers (Radaelli et al. 2017) , beneficiaries (Llopis and D'Este 2016) , fierce competitors (Frey et al. 2012) , suppliers (Nordberg et al. 2003) , external actors (Sun et al. 2017) , and elites (Geels 2004 ). These salient actors play a role in shaping innovation networks by influencing the preservation of socioeconomic order and investment in innovation. With this in mind, some studies concentrate on the multi-faceted nature of institutional actors through probes of actor perceptions, activities, and diversity (Lynn et al. 1996; van Wijk et al. 2019) , institutional learning (Buttoud et al. 2011) , and the increasing use of innovation 'offshoring' that creates global innovation networks (Desai 2009 ). This theme also prioritises the management of institutional knowledge-related imperatives stemming from network interactions. Example of these imperatives are knowledge externalities (d'Agostino and Scarlato 2019), knowledge spirals (Sein-Echaluce et al. 2017) , and knowledge acquisition (Rutherford 2001; Chittoor et al. 2015; Liao 2018 ) that influence innovation orientation. There are also interests in links between knowledge and creativity (Boudreaux 2017) , new knowledge bases (Asheim and Coenen 2006; Rolfstam 2012) , and the knowledge infrastructure that facilitates knowledge creation, diffusion, and accumulation in institutions (Hamdouch and Moulaert 2006; Gittelman 2006; Iqbal 2021) .

The second priority is ILCC, which encompasses configuration-and proficiencyrelated management for problem solving and optimising decisions under constraints. Contributions in this thematic grouping consider improvements in the configurations of institutional logic (Kooijman et al. 2017; Cinar and Benneworth 2021) , institutional logic differences (Azadegan et al. 2013; Llopis and D'Este 2016) , interplay of logics (Vickers et al. 2017) , service dominant logic (SDL) and servitization (Cestino and Berndt 2017), and legacies (Baark 2007) . Grounding these logics are distinctive capabilities (Kunamaneni 2019) in areas of governance structures (Rasiah et al. 2016) , forecasting and planning of skilled labour (Gretchenko et al. 2018) , institutional readiness (Webster and Gardner 2019) , and so on. These sources offer a discourse suggesting diversity of capabilities as a source of innovative strength for institutions. Thus, context assumes an important role for institutional innovation with varying interests in institutional (Colwell and Narayanan 2010; Lindelöf 2011) , country (Lee and Yoo 2008) , and cultural (McCarthy et al. 2014; Piana et al. 2015) contexts.

Yet, empirical evidence suggests these positive enabling priorities may possess negative constraining concerns contingent on circumstances. For instance, there are studies on institutional inhibitors such as organisational slack (Malen and Vaaler 2017) , institutional voids (Turker and Vural 2017; Onsongo 2019) , and institutional misalignments (Bunduchi et al. 2015) . This contradiction motivates studies on institutional environments with focus on corporate governance (Yi et al. 2012) , and professional resistance (Radaelli et al. 2017) . Institutional theory also posits on isomorphic, coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures as affecting environments that enact institutional innovation with interests in links with religion (Assouad and Parboteeah 2018) , and alliances (Alexander 2012) . The complexity of environments within which institutions operate also elevates the importance of designs for innovation systems and new international ventures (Hargrave and Van De Ven 2006; Boudreau and Lakhani 2016) .

ECPI is the next priority with themes detailing management of production and consumption conditions. Financial management lies at the heart of economic imperatives for commercialisation, investment, managerial incentives, costs, profitability, and shareholding in terms of institutional innovation. These imperatives motivate research interest, particularly in relation to financial (Vermeulen et al. 2007b ) and microfinance (Elle 2017) services for addressing concerns such as investment horizons (Kim et al. 2019), economic returns (Heher 2006) , transaction costs (Aziz et al. 2019) , and financial fraud ). These constructs aid in examining innovation outputs (e.g., patents), composition of the firms in joint ventures, and investment objectives for incremental and radical innovation.

Economic policies are themes involving guidelines, procedures, or processes for achieving rational objectives and outcomes. Policies considered within the literature include public (Adebowale 2012; Doblinger et al. 2016; Allen et al. 2020) , innovation (Liu et al. 2011; May and Schedelik 2019) , community (Molnár 2004) , institutional (Niosi 2010) , technology (Harding 2000; George and Prabhu 2003; Vasudeva 2009) , and antitrust (Hart 2001) policies. Effective management under these policies depend on legitimacy, investment efforts, risk-taking behaviour, technological stalemate, and evolutionary trajectories. Studies also identify institutional intermediaries (Watkins et al. 2015; Landoni 2017) and their economic impact on innovativeness for climate change, innovative capability for public procurement, brokering knowledge in networks, and commercialisation of technologies.

ISOG is the management priority that steers and coordinates efforts towards enhancing innovation levels and improving institutional performance. In this context, institutional innovation scholarship proposes governing procedures and practices in concepts of governance structure (Whitley 2000; Casper and Matraves 2003) , governance institution quality (Bekhet and Latif 2018) , financial governance (Hyvärinen 2006) , corporate governance (Yoshikawa et al. 2007; Yang et al. 2017) , participatory governance (Forde 2020; Kalinowski 2020) , and institutional arbitrage (Clausen 2014) . Challenges to empower stakeholders spur increasing shifts from government to governance (Nielsen et al. 2004; Clapp et al. 2016 ) with goals of gaining legitimacy from transformational and executive leadership that facilitates institutional change and reform (Williams 2002; Asiedu et al. 2020) . The literature also accentuates institutional strategies (Brinckmann 1998; Villavicencio et al. 2015; Smink et al. 2015) , legitimacy (Hung and Whittington 2011) , open innovation strategies (Kitagawa and Robertson 2011; Smink et al. 2015; Abramov et al. 2019) , strategic transactions and dialogue (Wallman 2009 ), offshoring innovation strategies (Sartor and Beamish 2014) , and growth strategies (Koh 2006) . For other scholars, ownership of rights and control serves as the foundation for strategies on institutional innovativeness. Here, the interest of research lies in the mechanisms that structure institutional ownership (Cooke and Saini 2010; Yi et al. 2017) , equity ownership and institutional investors (Sakaki and Jory 2019), and state ownership (Yi et al. 2017) .

The next management priority is TRTS, which plays a crucial role in institutional innovation levels and economic progress for countries (Clark 2002) . The suggestion is that technology readiness to fulfil the needs of institutions remains a focal point for research (Webster and Gardner 2019; Markey-Towler 2020; Mohsen et al. 2021) , and motivates studies on technology co-evolution, employment relations, institutional conflicts (Hung 2000; Costa and Horn 2021) , and technological institutional reform (Clark 2002) . In some technology readiness studies, researchers focus on technology development (Lee 2012 ) and available technological capabilities (la Hiz et al. 2019) for global innovations. Authors also explore institutional readiness in the context of technological foresight for facing future challenges (Quiroga and Martin 2017) . From earlier emphasis on adoption and rejection stemming from institutional bandwagon pressures, the debate in the literature somewhat shifts to diffusion trajectories of continuous self-propagating technological innovation by institutions (Matzner 1985; Abrahamson and Rosenkopf 1993; Nagamatsu et al. 2006 ). Examples of these technologies include big data analytics (Yau and Lau 2018) , telemedicine (Oborn et al. 2021) , electronic cash transfers (Zhang and Putzel 2016) , the Internet of Things (Xie and Yang 2021) , and smart contracts based on financial technologies (Mishchenko et al. 2021) .

In furtherance of readiness, technology transfer and support tend to play crucial roles in institutions of some emerging economies and sectors with low technological intensity. Empirical evidence in some studies link technology transfer to innovation diffusion patterns (Zweifel 1995; Kwon et al. 2009; Barbosa and Faria 2011) and knowledge transfer (Mason and Wagner 1999) . Other studies consider internationalisation (Kumar et al. 2013; Suzuki 2015) and innovation offshoring (Rosenbusch et al. 2019) in the context of technological barriers and institutional arbitrage strategies. Within the literature, IPR is a technology-related concept crucial to supporting innovation. Here, the focus is on patents as a protection entity with research examining IPR in terms of geographical indicators (Juk and Fuck 2015) , rights (Malva et al. 2013; Huang et al. 2017) , sources (Abereijo et al. 2009 ), patent behaviour (Barros 2015) , and domain-spanning patent applications (Ferguson and Carnabuci 2017) . Management challenges confronted within existing IPR research for institutional innovation include patenting strategies, infringements of property rights, and new SME production and knowledge recombination strategies.

The final priority is ISIE that influences the pooling of complementary resources for new ventures by institutions and institutional actors. Recognising the need for synergies to deliver new solutions and systems, researchers tend to agree on the need for co-creation (Kumari et al. 2020; Sharma and Sharma 2021) , co-management (Léopold et al. 2019; Casagrande et al. 2021) , and co-decisions for institutional resources (Shackleton and Raunio 2003) . For instance, modern innovative drugs increasingly require co-development by pharmaceutical enterprises and scientific research institutions (Wang and Huang 2020) . Thus, the complementary nature of institutions (Da Silva 2019), institutional roles (Garrick et al. 2011 ) and institutional arrangements (Lee and Yoo 2008; Corsi and Prencipe 2019) , serves as foci for some studies seeking to improve integration and accountability in institutions.

Alternate perspectives note the need to manage convergence into cross-border innovations, symbiotic relationships, and collaborative agglomeration for regions (Singh and Allen 2006; Li and Xing 2020; Knickel et al. 2021) . Technically, there are also enduring institutional challenges for co-generation e.g. of heat and electricity (Chartock et al. 1985) . In these contexts, synergetic innovation serves as the mission for arrangements such as industry-university-research collaboration , and public-private partnership (Zhang and Tan 2019; Cechin et al. 2021) .

For some scholars, entrepreneurship is the cornerstone of strategies for institutional innovation. However, these authors vary in their underlying viewpoints, with interests in institutional entrepreneurs (Wang and Swanson 2007; Jensen and Fersch 2019) , entrepreneur roles (Tumbas et al. 2018) , entrepreneurial mind-sets (Cowden and Bendickson 2018) , the influence of quality on entrepreneurship (Veiga et al. 2020) , and interfaces between entrepreneurship and marketing (Laurell 2018) . Irrespective of the viewpoint, the necessity-and opportunity-based nature of entrepreneurs guides researchers in positing and analysing entrepreneurship links with economic growth (Galindo-Martín et al. 2020) . Closely linked to motivating entrepreneurial endeavours within institutions is the role of incentives, which literature links to the overcoming of market failures (Tang et al. 2020b ) and the implementation of regulations (Costa-Font and Puig-Junoy 2007) . In the literature, there are additional accounts on the importance of executive incentives (Wang and Deng 2021) , producers' incentives (Desmet et al. 2020) , incentive properties of incomesharing arrangements (Tyson 1979) , and managerial incentives (Hyvärinen 2006; Jun and Weare 2011; Tang et al. 2020a ). Yet, it is worth noting that the presence of conflicting incentives may ultimately undermine innovation efforts (Carney and Zheng 2009 ).

Using insights from the literature, this review contributes to research by proposing a multi-level model for managing institutional innovation, as shown by Fig. 5 . Premised on a background of literature arguing for induced, collective, and continuous genesis of institutional innovation, and supported by injections or 'pumps' of investments, the model advances knowledge by summarising the findings of the review in terms of key institutional determinants and management priorities. The main argument of the model is that innovation contexts shape the key determinants within institutions and that these determinants influence management priorities for institutional innovation. Our multi-level framing of priorities, determinants, and contexts, offers a set of factors that adds to the discourse concerning the need for more holistic assessments of institutional foundations, which current research elaborates in the form of deep institutional foci (Hughes et al. 2021) , and co-evolution processes (Costa and Horn 2021) . However, in practice, far from suggesting a panacea for managing the challenges and opportunities in institutions, the model, through the systematic insights from the literature, offers a research perspective on potential critical factors for stage-managing and enacting organisational, social, environmental, and governmental changes via contracts, internalisation, regulation, and referendums. In this section, we use insights from the review to set a research agenda that entails three potential paths for future research. To begin with, a critique of the theoretical and methodological space in literature provides the first path for future studies. In this context, in current studies and as shown in Fig. 4b , the balance of the theoretical base appears tilted towards institution-oriented theories, particularly institutional theory treated in 95 studies. This raises the prospect for more innovation studies to offset this imbalance by testing existing innovation theories (e.g., diffusion of innovation) in different contexts, examining theories with limited coverage (e.g., the Bass model) in an institutional milieu, and proposing new theories. Current determinants analysed from the review mainly consider the institutional aspects for innovation, as shown by Sect. 4. Thus, examinations driven by more framings of innovation could generate new insights on potential innovation-oriented determinants such as creativity, mindfulness, foresight, innovative climate, etc. Methodologically, researchers seem to favour case studies, surveys, essays, and econometric analysis. To a lesser extent, the review indicates interest in the use of decision analysis, meta-analysis, action research, and field experiments. Thus, there is a need for further investigations of the conceptual space for institution innovation using lesser-applied methods along with studies applying novel methods such ethnography, online research, meta-synthesis, phenomenography, and grounded theory. Existing management priorities in the literature mainly reflect macro-and meso-level considerations of institutional innovation, particularly in the context of regional, national, sectoral, and organisational concerns. Accordingly, there is a need for further studies of micro-level considerations, i.e., individual factors that enable or inhibit institutional innovation. For instance, grounded theory or ethnography-based studies could explore and theorise on personas, personalities, and motivations of institutional actors that play major roles in inducing, coordinating collective action, or championing continuous change. Similarly, online research or phenomenography could underpin explorations on the role and factors of technology (e.g., social media) use by institutional actors in relation to embedded and established routines for innovation stages (e.g., ideation) in institutions.

In line with current studies, this review challenges researchers to explore policy void in industrialised and social contexts (Mehmood 2016; Onsongo 2019) and investigate the role of institutional mediators and factors (Laurell 2018; Tomizawa et al. 2020 ) in relation to institutional adaptation for regional innovations. There are also challenges to detangle institutional variations concerning how formal and informal institutions shape innovation types, practices, and processes (Chadee and Roxas 2013; Filiou and Golesorkhi 2016; Huang et al. 2017) . Further challenges exist regarding the multi-faceted role of institutional environments that positively endorse and enable, or negatively inhibit and inactivate institutional innovations (Whitley 2000; Wang and Swanson 2007; Mueller et al. 2013; Wu et al. 2016; Fischer and Tello-Gamarra 2017; Nite and Washington 2017; Kadriu et al. 2019; Wu and Park 2019) .

Derived from reflections on the management priorities of the previous section, the third path for future studies extends the synthesis from the review for topical viewpoints that strategically advance the field of institutional innovation. In the next subsections, we present these paths, detail current related efforts, and elaborate on some specific research challenges for management scholarship concerning institutional innovation.

The first challenge involves studies of institutional contracting (mainly from reflections on NEER) that examine the process of engagement, building relationships, and bargaining with contractors for formulating and implementing contracts. Accordingly, studies of institutional contracting advance NEER management, and in the proposed model of Fig. 5 , NEER management maintains social exchanges within institutions in accordance with contingency, agency, and transaction cost theories. With increasing global trends towards privatisation, urbanisation, internationalisation, and digitalisation, the indications are that contracts remain crucial for maintaining transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary engagement within institutions. In current literature, new forms of contracts serve as the focus of innovation by agricultural institutions for contract farming (Escobal 2000; Bhanot et al. 2021 ) and supplier contracts with research institutions (Nordberg et al. 2003) . There are also discussions on the value of smart contracts developed by financial institutions (Mishchenko et al. 2021) . Although contracts are well-established as a form of institutional innovation (Polopolus 1969) , studies on the nature of contracting remains limited. Therefore, we urge for research exploring the nature of contracting that enables institutional innovation and critical success factors of this contracting process. With evidence suggesting that contract enforcement challenges may cause the emergence of new institutions (Dimitri 2002) , future research could theorise on and empirically investigate enforcement mechanisms for sourcing and contracting institutional innovation. Research also suggests that inadequate contracting processes account for several regulatory failures (Costa-Font and Puig-Junoy 2007) , challenging future studies to expand on normative frameworks for contracting within institutions.

The next challenge relates to research on institutional reimagining (from reflections on ILCC) to offer a critical view that complements existing analytical insights from studying opportunities and challenges of induced, continuous, and collective institutional innovation. Hence, research on institutional reimagining furthers ILCC management, and in the proposed model of Fig. 5 , ILCC management involves coordinating capabilities under institutional constraints that reflect resource-based, dynamic capabilities, absorptive capacities, and institutionalpump framings. This coordination requires awareness and support for the construction of institutional narratives (Schofield 2000) and consciousness capabilities of new global imaginaries (Hughes et al. 2021) . In furtherance of these efforts, we propose that researchers assess institutions critically on an on-going basis to promote transdisciplinary efforts that avert institutional stagnation when confronting societal challenges. With insights from the literature and in line with institutional theory, this review highlights the need for critical reflections on the measures and pressures that shape innovation success. Multi-level analysis could aid in uncovering the micro, meso, and macro levels that are critical to promoting success and averting collapse of institutions. Critiques could also compare upand-up and divide-and-conquer strategic plans to highlight instances of wasteful tax-and-spend policies.

Recognising the threat of institutional obsolescence discussed in early research (Polopolus 1969; Shaffer 1969) , we also propose future research on the collapse of institutions, in the context of failed institutional logics for innovation to capture reasons, detail lessons learnt, review existing policy toolboxes, and reimagine failed institutions. For instance, the collapse of financial institutions in 2008 and economic collapse due to the COVID-19 are instances of institutional collapse with negative global consequences. Thus, this line of research could strive to analyse innovation determinants for recovery or reconstruction of institutions. Questions guiding such research efforts include 'how can governments innovatively reconstruct collapsed institutions?' and 'what structural and behavioural attributes contribute to the collapse of institutions?' Future research could also use insights from lessons learnt to provide innovative forecasting tools to avert institutional collapse.

Another challenge for studies involves analysing institutional intelligence (from reflections on ECPI). Research concerning institutional intelligence encompasses assessments of the data analytic capacities (e.g. big data analytics (Yau and Lau 2018) ) that harness the potentials of institutional information, and the intelligent intermediaries (Chen et al. 2015 ) that facilitate innovation, particularly in relation to recruiting, retaining, and developing intelligent employees. Consequently, institutional intelligence research advances ECPI management, which represents a fundamental component of the proposed multi-level management model, as represented by Fig. 5 , and determines economic benefits from institutional innovation, in line with economic theory. Although, this review incorporates studies on the need to attract top talent for innovative research in higher education (Dahm et al. 2021) and innovation 'offshoring' to emerging countries (Desai 2009 ), this line of inquiry remains limited in the context of institutional innovation research. Accordingly, we challenge academia to explore the range of data analytics for institutional innovation further, along with concepts such as institutional optimisation, innovative talent capacity building, institutional intelligence, and talent management strategies. Studies may also consider intelligence and talent management in relation to roles of actors in constructs like the quadruple helix, and control mechanisms, e.g., managerial incentives and corporate governance. Since intelligence and talent are human capital constructs, there are questions concerning effectiveness of top-down and bottom-up strategies within institutions. Some questions include 'how effective is upper management in retaining talent for innovation?' and 'what is nature of team involvement in selecting and sourcing analytic capabilities for institutional innovation?'.

For management researchers, there are future opportunities to examine institutional stewardship (mainly from reflections on ISOG). With emphasis on responsibility and accountability, stewardship progresses ISOG management and embodies the control and sense of duty demanded by on-going shifts from government to governance (Clapp et al. 2016) for boosting participation and empowerment for institutional innovation. ISOG management, in the proposed model of Fig. 5 , involves governance that promotes pro-innovation institutions and is in line with agency and actor network theories. In this review, studies offer insights on related challenges for participatory governance (Forde 2020) and leadership (Williams 2002; Asiedu et al. 2020 ) that trend towards a sense of duty by institutional actors. Despite these research efforts, the literature provides limited bottom-up insights on the potential role of stewards in promoting institutional innovation and innovation contexts, i.e., organisational, environmental, social, and governmental. Future research could study specific roles of institutional stewards for radial and incremental innovations. Although, empirical evidence suggests links between stewardship behaviour and the success of innovation (Domínguez-Escrig et al. 2019), there are opportunities for studies to test this relationship in normative and cognitive institutional contexts. Future research may also view challenges of institutional stewardship in isolation or in conjunction with existing inadequacies due to institutional pressures, voids, and barriers.

Another potential research direction involves studies of institutional preparedness (mainly from reflections on TRTS), in the context of more frequently occurring macroeconomic shocks and technological transformations in society that threaten the legitimacy of institutions. Traditionally a focus of studies on agents of change (Ebegbulem 1974) , research on readiness in an institutional context increasingly focuses on preparedness that supports trajectories of self-propagating technologies (Nagamatsu et al. 2006) . Institutional preparedness, in this context, refers to how institutions are equipped in terms of capabilities and capacities to respond to new challenges and opportunities. The proposed multi-level model of Fig. 5 advances TRTS management for technology readiness as an element of institutional preparedness, with conceptual underpinnings from contingency and diffusion theory. Yet, there remain challenges to understand future innovation contexts and preparedness by institutions for praxis and crisis situations, proactively and reactively. For instance, recent dengue, Zika, and coronavirus outbreaks have challenged the role of traditional innovation-driven approaches, which focus on opportunity, and shifted the attention to ingenuity to cope with adversity. In addition, there are challenges to examine the infusion and routinisation (beyond the adoption and diffusion foci of current research (e.g., Genus 2012; Oborn et al. 2021) ) of technologies emerging due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (e.g., synthetic data, biotechnology, and 3D printing). Thus, future studies may consider challenges such as institutional roadmaps with foresights for emerging technologies and institutional skilling needs. Other investigations could consider preparedness constructs for innovative institutions and crisis-driven innovation contexts for institutions.

The final challenge involves research on institutional complementarities (mainly from reflections on ISIE) for examining the ability of institutions to supplement other institutions in the quest for innovation, or the degree to which institutional arrangements, roles, factors, and innovation emphasise or improve each other. Just as innovation complements other explanations of economic growth (e.g., geography, and international trade), opportunities exist to investigate the complementarities for institutional innovation. For this reason, studies of institutional complementarities further ISIE management, and in the proposed model of Fig. 5 , ISIE management ensures integration and incentivisation within institutions in accordance with resource-based and dynamic capabilities views. Discussions in the literature on compatibility and substitutability (Corsi and Prencipe 2019; Da Silva 2019) reinforce the role of strategies for complementarities in sustaining synergies and incentivising entrepreneurial ventures within institutions. Yet, questions remain on the scope, range, and forms of complementarities that facilitate institutional innovation. For instance, the prospect of 'creative complementarities' that supply creativitydriven resources and know-how (Durugbo et al. 2020a) , suggests possibilities for implementation, adoption, and continuance forms of complementarities that incentivise induced, continuous, and collective institutional innovation. Lines of inquiry could examine the nature of complementarities that (dis)incentivise entrepreneurial endeavours within institutions. Such focus is needed because the literature in this review suggests that conflicting incentives within institutions inevitably deter innovative activities (Carney and Zheng 2009) . Further studies could also examine institutional complementariness for innovation in the context of determinants such as quality, productivity, diversity, and so on. In addition, complementary viewpoints may consider and explore the role of complementarities in addressing challenges of inequality, sustainability, security etc.

In the words of Pablo Picasso, "learn the rules like a pro, so you can break them like an artist". This saying underscores the need for ingenuity and innovation by institutions, as the rules of societies or of organisations to deliver value for a range of stakeholders such as citizens, governmental agencies, customers, and industry. Additionally, innovation in an institutional milieu faces pressures, voids, and barriers that force institutions to shift from scalable efficiency to scalable learning in efforts to expand management strategy and policy horizons. Consequently, transdisciplinary insights on the key determinants and management priorities of institutional innovation are critical to cope with the inherent dynamic nature and tension between institutional persistence and innovative practices. These determinants and priorities aid institutions deliver breakthrough processes and outcomes that require review on an on-going basis to update scholarship and practice. With this in mind, this review confronts the following research question: "What are the main determinants and management priorities of institutional innovation in the literature?" (RQ).

Driven by a systematic approach that seeks to address RQ, this review summarises its findings in a multi-level management model for institutional innovation in terms of innovation contexts, institutional determinants, and management priorities. Grounded on organisational, social, environmental, and governmental contexts for innovation, the review identified four key determinants concerning (i) innovation quality and control; (ii) institutional diversity and reputation; (iii) innovation value and output; and (iv) institutional reform and improvement. Similarly, the review captured six management priorities concerning network engagement, externalities, and relationships; institutional logic, capabilities, and constraints; economic conditions, policies, and intermediaries; institutional strategies, ownership, and governance; and technology readiness, transfer, and support; and institutional synergies, incentives, and entrepreneurship.

There are two main limitations of this review. First, the review focus is limited to capturing the main determinants and management priorities of institutional innovation. In this context, there is a need for additional insights on aspects such as innovation activities, the behaviour of institutional actors, and institutional arrangements. Second, the review approach is restricted to a systematic methodology that applies thematic analysis. Hence, there are prospects for deeper insights based on other review methodologies such as meta-analyses and metasyntheses that offer more focused and extensive knowledge on constructs, dependencies, and links between variables within qualitative and quantitative studies of institutional innovation. Further analysis of co-citations could offer knowledge on the nature of citation dynamics and potential connections between publications.

Guided by insights from the findings on management priorities, the review identifies six strategic areas for future management research on institutional contracting, reimagining, intelligence, stewardship, preparedness, and complementarities. In summary, the review anticipates that the necessities and niceties of these proposed areas will aid in strengthening existing knowledge on institutional innovation and in uncovering new and exciting institutional phenomena, prospects, and potentials as managers set ground rules on contexts for innovation and run the rule over determinants within institutions.

Funding The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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New evidence toward solving the puzzle of innovation and inequality. The role of institutions

Institutional innovation and smart water management technologies in small-scale irrigation schemes in southern

A celebration of academic and industry collaboration: the royal national lifeboat institution and maritime engineering innovation

Transdisciplinarity in sustainability research: diffusion conditions of an institutional innovation

Market-based instruments for ecosystem services: institutional innovation or renovation?

Investigating the influence of knowledge management on organizational innovation in higher educational institutions

Innovation experiments: researching technical advance, knowledge production, and the design of supporting institutions

Institutional quality and innovation: some cross-country evidence

Financial innovation and institutional voices in the Canadian press: a look at the roaring 2000s

Infrastructure and tools for successful institutional innovation

Innovation types in public sector organizations: a systematic review of the literature

Planning as institutional innovation in the smaller city

The institutional framework and innovation levels in EU countries

When innovation fails: an institutional perspective of the (non)adoption of boundary spanning IT innovation

Institutional innovation to deliver post-secondary education for sustainability

Barriers to institutional learning and innovations in the forest sector in Europe: Markets, policies and stakeholders

Technological systems and industrial dynamics

Institutional (dis)incentives to innovate: an explanation for Singapore's innovation gap

Artisanal mollusc fisheries co-management in Brazil and Italy: Institutional innovations to address environmental crisis

Institutional frameworks and innovation in the German and UK pharmaceutical industry

Exploring the synergy between community supported agriculture and agroforestry: institutional innovation from smallholders in a brazilian rural settlement

Institutional limits to service dominant logic and servitisation in innovation efforts in newspapers

Institutional environment, innovation capacity and firm performance in Russia

Institutional innovation for cogeneration

Managing sustainable transitions: Institutional innovations from india

Social sharing institution of SMEs' technology innovation risk

Brokering knowledge in networks: Institutional intermediaries in the Taiwanese biopharmaceutical innovation system

Recognition of entrepreneur's social ties and firm innovation in emerging markets: explanation from the industrial institutional environment and survival pressure

Does institutional pressure foster corporate green innovation? Evidence from China's top 100 companies

Institutional and technological innovation: understanding agricultural adaptation to climate change in Nepal

Institutional innovations, asymmetric decentralization, and local economic development: a case study of Kunshan

Accumulative and assimilative learning, institutional infrastructure, and innovation orientation of developing economy firms

Institutional theory and environmental pressures: the moderating effect of market uncertainty on innovation and firm performance

Why do universities have little systemic impact with social innovation? An institutional logics perspective

Institutional thickening and innovation: reflections on the remapping of the Great Bear Rainforest

Ambiguity, contract, and innovation in financial institutions

Innovation systems, institutional change and the new knowledge market: Implications for third world agricultural development

The dryland research project at indore (1974-1980)-an institutional innovation in rural technology transfer

The role of institutional arbitrage in the search for product innovation: firm level evidence from Norway

Foresight in economic development policy: shaping the institutional context for entrepreneurial innovation

Innovation and innovators inside government: From institutions to networks

How) Does the HR strategy support an innovation oriented business strategy? An investigation of institutional context and organizational practices in Indian firms

Regional innovation systems: Institutional and organisational dimensions

Organizations, firms and institutions in the generation of innovation

High-tech entrepreneurial firms' innovation in different institutional settings. Do venture capital and private equity have complementary or substitute effects?

Institutional legitimacy of non-profit innovation facilitators: strategic postures in regulated environments

Institutional change, innovation and regulation failure: evidence from the Spanish drug market

The co-evolution of technology and employment relations: Institutions, innovation and change

Impacts of regulatory focus and institutions on innovation

Knowledge externalities, innovation and growth in European countries: the role of institutions

Open innovation and IPRs: Mutually incompatible or complementary institutions?

How research institutions can foster innovation

Institutional innovation in philanthropy: Community foundations in the UK

Institutional innovations in higher education in central Europe agenda for research and co-operation

Institutional change and American economic growth: a first step towards a theory of institutional innovation

The institutional arrangements of innovation: antecedents and performance effects of trust in high-tech alliances

The institutional governance of technology, society, and innovation

Digital knowledge exploitation: ICT, memory institutions and innovation from cultural assets

Theorizing change revisited: An amended process model of institutional innovations and changes in institutional fields

Research instrumentation and institutional innovation in Canada

Knowledge transfer between actors in the innovation system: A study of higher education institutions (HEIS) and SMES

Innovations in emerging countries: an institutional approach

Spatial competition, innovation and institutions: the Industrial Revolution and the Great Divergence

Institutional change and academic patenting: French universities and the Innovation Act of 1999

Dynamics of trust in institutions, the legitimacy of the social order, and social open innovation

Contract evolution and institutional innovation: Marketing pacific-grown apples from 1890 to 1930

Why did contracts supplant the cash market in the broiler industry? An economic analysis featuring technological innovation and institutional response

An institutional perspective of public policy and network effects in the renewable energy industry: enablers or disablers of entrepreneurial behaviour and innovation?

Asia's national innovation systems: Institutional adaptability and rigidity in the face of global innovation challenges

Institutional structure and modes of governance in non-metropolitan innovation systems

The influence of leaders' stewardship behavior on innovation success: the mediating effect of radical innovation

Institutional innovations in higher education

Strategic benchmarking: innovation practices in financial institutions

After-sales services and aftermarket support: a systematic review, theory and future research directions

Wisdom from Arabian Creatives: Systematic Review of Innovation Management Literature for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Region

Wisdom from Arabian networks: a review and theory of regional supply chain management. Prod Plan Control

Criteria for institutional innovation in teacher education

Systems of innovation: perspectives and challenges

R&D in the periphery? Foreign direct investment, innovation, and institutional quality in developing countries

Understanding microfinance institutions and commercial banks' relationships and innovations in the Cameroon financial environment

Regional fairs, institutional innovation, and economic growth in late medieval Europe

A cross-country comparison of the effects of institutions on internationally oriented innovation

Endogenous institutional innovation and agroindustrialization on the Peruvian coast

Entrepreneurial university dynamics: Structured ambivalence, relative deprivation and institution-formation in the Stanford innovation system

Institutional innovation and technical change in american agriculture: The role of the new deal

Institutional innovation and the creation of liquid financial markets: the case of bankers' acceptances, 1914-1934

Risky recombinations: institutional gatekeeping in the innovation process

Influence of institutional differences on firm innovation from international alliances

Institutional quality as a driver of efficiency in laggard innovation systems

The formation of Coasean institutions to provide university knowledge for innovation: a case study and econometric evidence for Switzerland

Participatory governance in Ireland: Institutional innovation and the quest for joined-up thinking

Community enterprises-an institutional innovation

Enterprise-university co-operation and the role of public research institutions in regional innovation systems

Technological innovation, globalization, and varieties of capitalism: the case of Siemens AG as example for contingent institutional adaptation

Entrepreneurs and innovation: the contingent role of institutional factors

Understanding institutional innovation and system evolution in distribution. the contribution of Robert Nieschlag

The role of higher education institutions in transnational networks for teaching and learning innovation: the case of the Erasmus+ programme

Continuous institutional innovation and the pragmatic conception of democracy

Higher education institutions, private sector and government collaboration for innovation within the framework of the Triple Helix Model

The role of innovation and institutions in entrepreneurship and economic growth in two groups of countries

Sustainability in global financial reporting and innovation in institutions

2020) Taxes, institutions, and innovation: theory and international evidence

Innovation institution and spatial transfer of energy industry: the case of Jiangsu Province

Picturing firms' institutional capital-based radical innovation under China's institutional voids

Managerial ties and product innovation: the moderating roles of macro-and micro-institutional environments

Methodology for evaluating Innovation Capabilities at university institutions using a fuzzy system

Institutional innovations to govern environmental water in the Western United States: lessons for Australia's Murray-Darling Basin

The role of institutional pressures in the introduction of energyefficiency innovations

From sectoral systems of innovation to socio-technical systems: Insights about dynamics and change from sociology and institutional theory

Venturing into the cultural future: research opportunities at the nexus of institutions, innovation and impact

Changing the rules? Institutional innovation and the diffusion of microgeneration

Developmental financial institutions as technology policy instruments: implications for innovation and entrepreneurship in emerging economies

National institutions, public-private knowledge flows, and innovation performance: a comparative study of the biotechnology industry in the US and France

Induced institutional innovation: Plant variety rights, patents and genetic engineering

The impact of interplay between formal and informal institutions on innovation performance: Evidence from ceecs

The management of institutional innovation: Lessons from transferring the land grant model to India

Mitigating the impacts of fragmented land tenure through community-based institutional innovations: Two case study villages from Guinan County of Qinghai Province

The institutions-innovation dilemma: the case of coastal fisheries

Agricultural development and institutional innovation: a view of early Japan

The theory of induced institutional innovation: a critique

Role of higher education institutions in developing hr potential in a forming innovation economy

Mobilizing grassroots' technological innovations and traditional knowledge, values and institutions: articulating social and ethical capital

A strategy for the analysis of idea innovation networks and institutions

Institutional innovation: Creating smarter organizations to scale learning

Institutional innovation and investment in Taiwan: the micro-foundations of the developmental state

Institutional change through innovation: The URBAN Community Initiative in Berlin, 1994-99

Knowledge infrastructure, innovation dynamics, and knowledge creation/diffusion/accumulation processes: a comparative institutional perspective

Research on the relationship of institutional innovation, organizational learning and synergistic effect: An empirical study of Chinese university spin-offs

Resilience in German technology policy: innovation through institutional symbiotic tension

When innovations meet institutions: edison and the design of the electric light

A collective action model of institutional innovation

Antitrust and technological innovation in the US: ideas, institutions, decisions, and impacts

Return on investment in innovation: Implications for institutions and national agencies

Limits to the BRICS' challenge: credit rating reform and institutional innovation in global finance

Home country institutions and exports of firms in transition economies: Does innovation matter? Long Range Plann

Digital innovation and transformation: an institutional perspective

Agroindustrialization through institutional innovation transaction costs, cooperatives and milk-market development in the east-African highlands

Commercialization and changes in capital structure in microfinance institutions: An innovation or wrong turn?

Conflicting voices: the effects of institutional ownership heterogeneity and internal governance on corporate innovation strategies

Do academia-industry R&D collaborations necessarily facilitate industrial innovation in China?: The role of technology transfer institutions

Transfer of development rights as an institutional innovation to address issues of property rights

Institutional influences on information systems security innovations

The institutional innovation of the lender of last resort facility in the eurozone

Institutional innovation and policy support to facilitate small-scale farming transformation in China

Institutional regime shift in intellectual property rights and innovation strategies of firms in China

Reverse logistics innovation, institutional pressures and performance

A multiple streams analysis of institutional innovation in forest watershed governance

What hampers innovation? External stakeholders, the organization, groups and individuals: a systematic review of empirical barrier research

The political effects of referendums: An analysis of institutional innovations in Eastern and Central Europe

Deep institutional innovation for sustainability and human development

Strategic plan-making in Europe: institutional innovation

Institutions and systems of innovation: an empirical analysis of Taiwan's personal computer competitiveness

Agency in national innovation systems: Institutional entrepreneurship and the professionalization of Taiwanese IT

The role of promoters in effecting innovation in higher education institutions

Relationship between innovation, regional institutions and firm performance: Micro-evidence from Africa

Smart" sustainable urban regeneration: institutions, quality and financial innovation

EU enlargement, institutional governance and innovation environment in the Baltic countries

Innovation speed and quality in higher education institutions: the role of knowledge management enablers and knowledge sharing process

Voting in EMU-an experimental study of institutional innovation and the role of communication in the stability and growth pact

Land rental development via institutional innovation in rural Jiangsu

TURFS in the lab: institutional innovation in real-time dynamic spatial commons

Democratic revolutions as institutional innovation diffusion: Rapid adoption and survival of democracy

Reshaping higher educational institutions through frugal open innovation

Institutional entrepreneurs and social innovation in danish senior care

Institutional investors' corporate site visits and corporate innovation

Institutions, policies and diverse innovation systems: experiences from the US, Germany and South Korea

Explaining institutional change: aspects of an innovation in the new institutional economy

The emerging innovation ecosystems and "Valley of death": Towards the combination of entrepreneurial and institutional approaches

Innovations and support institutions: The 1st geographical indication in Brazil

Institutional motivations in the adoption of innovations: the case of e-government

Stochastic hybrid decision-making based on interval type 2 fuzzy sets for measuring the innovation capacities of financial institutions

The impact of institutions on SMEs' innovation in transition economies

Academic collaborations and firm innovation performance in China: the role of region-specific institutions

Institutional innovations and their challenges in the green climate fund: country ownership, civil society participation and private sector engagement

The investments of financial institutions in real innovations: Kazakhstani practice

Institutional forces and environmental management strategy: moderating effects of environmental orientation and innovation capability

Revisiting the innovation systems of cross-border cities: the role of higher education institution and cross-boundary cooperation in Hong Kong and Shenzhen

Innovation policies of cyprus during the global economic crisis: aligning financial institutions with national innovation system

Institutional power play in innovation systems: the case of Herceptin®

Internationalization, innovation and institutions: the 3 I's underpinning the competitiveness of emerging market firms

Co-creation for social innovation in the ecosystem context: the role of higher educational institutions

Challenges in moving from incremental to radical low-cost innovation in emerging and transition countries : institutional perspectives based on rechargeable battery innovation in China and point-of-use water purification innovation in India

Country variations in different innovation outputs: the interactive effect of institutional support and human capital

Understanding the adoption and timing of economic development strategies in US cities using innovation and institutional analysis

How institutional arrangements in the national innovation system affect industrial competitiveness: a study of Japan and the U.S. with multiagent simulation

The heterogeneity of levels of green innovation by firms in international contexts: a study based on the home-country institutional profile

Innovation policy in progress. Institutional intermediation in public procurement of innovation: satellite telecommunications in Italy

Institutional innovation and implementation: the case of Sweden

Environmental scenarios and local-global level of community engagement: environmental justice, jams, institutions and innovation

An international new venture's commercialization of a medical technology innovation: the role of institutional healthcare settings

Individual and Institutional Drivers of Technology Transfer in Open Innovation

The Multiple Institutional Logics of Innovation

The coevolution of IT innovation and copyright institutions: the development of the mobile music business in Japan and Korea

Competing rationales for corporate governance in France: Institutional complementarities between financial markets and innovation systems

Roles of formal institutions and social capital in innovation activities: a crosscountry analysis

The dynamics of institutional innovation: crafting co-management in small-scale fisheries through action research

Institutions, innovation, and incentives

Empirical research on the level of institutional innovation in the development of China's high-tech industry

Contribution of action researching to institutional innovation: a case study of access and benefit sharing (ABS) mechanisms in the participatory plant breeding (PPB) in Southwest China

Why Is collaborative agglomeration of innovation so important for improving regional innovation capabilities? A perspective based on collaborative agglomeration of industry-universityresearch institution

Specialization, institutions and innovation within China's regional innovation systems

Institutional pressure, knowledge acquisition and a firm's environmental innovation

Endowments, technology, and factor markets: a natural experiment of induced institutional innovation from China's rural reform

Formal institutional contexts as ownership of intellectual property rights and their implications for the organization of commercialization of innovations at universities comparative data from Sweden and the United Kingdom

Institutional support system for the development of SME innovation

China's innovation policies: Evolution, institutional structure, and trajectory

Regional institutions and their impact on the connectedness of firm's innovation networks

Beneficiary contact and innovation: The relation between contact with patients and medical innovation under different institutional logics

The padu system of community-based fisheries management: change and local institutional innovation in south India

New practice creation: an institutional perspective on innovation: Michael Lounsbury and Ellen T

Disruptive information technology innovations and the cost of equity capital: The moderating effect of CEO incentives and institutional pressures

The importance of vocational education institutions in manufacturing regions: adding content to a broad definition of regional innovation systems

Linking technology and institutions: the innovation community framework

An evolving regional innovation network: collaboration among industry, university, and research institution in China's first technology hub

Cross-border innovation intermediaries -matchmaking across institutional contexts

Institutional constraints of product innovation in China: evidence from international joint ventures

Centres of excellence for urban regeneration: promoting institutional capacity and innovation or reaffirming old ideas?

The effect of institutional pressures on knowledge management and the resulting innovation: the case of the smartcard in France

Institutional imprinting, entrepreneurial agency, and private firm innovation in transition economies

Organizational slack, national institutions and innovation effort around the world

Imperfect institutional innovation for irrigation management in Bangladesh

Blockchains and institutional competition in innovation systems

Conformist innovation: an institutional logics perspective on how HR executives construct business school reputations

Cultural tourism clusters: social capital, relations with institutions, and radical innovation

Intermediate institution" models of knowledge transfer under strain?

Technological and institutional innovation

Comparative capitalism and innovation policy: complementarities and comparative institutional advantage

Overcoming contradictions between growth and sustainability: institutional innovation in the BRICS

Induced institutional innovation and transaction costs: the case of the Australian National native title Tribunal

Emerging innovation in emerging economies: Can institutional reforms help Russia break through its historical barriers?

Institutional forms of social innovation

Reducing tensions in Australian intergovernmental relations through institutional innovation

Technological change and innovations in microfinance institutions: what matters?

How institutions influence SME innovation and networking practices: the case of vietnamese agribusiness

Innovation risk management in financial institutions

Does using latest technologies impact new venture innovation? A contingency-based view of institutional environments

Intended ties with local institutions as factors in innovation: an application to spanish manufacturing firms

Legal and institutional aspects of the innovation system of the European integration

Contribution of higher education institutions to social innovation: Practices in two southern european universities

Collaboration with higher education institutions for successful firm innovation

Institutional Innovation: re-invigorating the university through transdisciplinary engagement

Institutional quality and innovation: evidence from Emilia-Romagna

Success patterns of exploratory and exploitative innovation: a meta-analysis of the influence of institutional factors

The institutional environment and managerial innovations: a qualitative study of selected Nigerian firms

Agricultural innovations and food security in Malawi: Gender dynamics, institutions and market implications

Role of national institutions in promoting innovation by contractors in Singapore

Diffusion trajectory of self-propagating innovations interacting with institutions-incorporation of multi-factors learning function to model PV diffusion in Japan

Substate institutional innovation for managing lakes and watersheds: a Wisconsin case study

Cross-national differences in firms undertaking innovation initiatives: an application of institutional anomie theory

Technology, institutions, and innovation systems

Fisheries co-management-an institutional innovation? Lessons from South East Asia and Southern Africa

Product innovation: testing the relative influence of industry, institutional context and firm factors

Intellectual property and environmental innovation: an explanation using the institutional and resource-based theories

Rethinking science, technology and innovation (STI) institutions in developing countries

Institutional adaptation to technological innovation: Lessons from the NCAA's regulation of football television broadcasts (1938-1984)

Firm characteristics, innovation, financial resilience and survival of financial institutions

Beyond privatization: Institutional innovation and growth in China's large state-owned enterprises

Institutions and forms of co-ordination in innovation systems

Using customer relationships to acquire technological innovation. A value-chain analysis of supplier contracts with scientific research institutions

Institutions, institutional change and economic performance

Innovations in urban integration policies: immigrant councils as democratic institutions

Institutional logics and innovation in times of crisis: telemedicine as digital 'PPE

Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities

The supermarket: an institutional innovation

Institutional entrepreneurship and social innovation at the base of the pyramid: the case of M-Pesa in Kenya

The twists and turns of institutional innovation in small island developing states: the case of Tuvalu

Extractive industries transparency initiative and the politics of institutional innovation in Ghana's oil industry

The interaction between product concept and institutional inducement: a new driver of product innovation

Institutional, cultural and contextual factors: potential drivers of the culinary innovation process

Systems of innovation and underdevelopment

Failed policies but institutional innovation through "layering" and "diffusion" in Spanish central administration

Innovation and economic activity: An institutional analysis of the role of clusters in industrializing economies

Institutional innovation and public extension services provision: the marche regional administration reform in central Italy

Access to housing finance for the urban poor

Institutional innovation in urban governance: The case of climate change adaptation

Social capital, institutional innovation and Atlantic trade before 1800

Single Europe". Institutional structure and industrial prospects for the European Communities

2021) Innovation, institutions and development: A critical review and grounded heterodox economic analysis of late-industrialising contexts

The influence of institution partnership and innovation management on the smart city reputation

Institutional diversity, internal search behaviour, and joint-innovations

Regional innovation effects of applied research institutions

Farmer-led institutional innovations in managing smallholder irrigation schemes in KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape Provinces. South Africa Agric Water Manag

Effects of transformational leadership, organisational learning and technological innovation on strategic management accounting in thailand's financial institutions

Institutional theory and global entrepreneurship: exploring differences between factor-versus innovation-driven countries

Global network finance: institutional innovation in the global financial market place

On institutional obsolescence and innovation

Addressing barriers to eco-innovation: exploring the finance mobilisation functions of institutional innovation intermediaries

The impact of technological and institutional innovations on life content: some time-geographic observations

Mechanization services, farm productivity and institutional innovation in China

The role of regional formal institutions and foreign direct investment in innovation in Chinese enterprises

Technology foresight in traditional Bolivian sectors: innovation traps and temporal unfit between ecosystems and institutions

The role of managers in enacting two-step institutional work for radical innovation in professional organizations

Institutional innovation: novel, useful, and legitimate

Fostering inclusive social innovation in subsistence marketplaces through community-level alliances: an institutional work perspective

Cyberspace claiming new dynamism in the jurisprudential philosophy

Institutional Innovation for Nature-Based Coastal Adaptation: Lessons from Salt Marsh Restoration in Nova Scotia

Institutional innovation by the Asian infrastructure investment bank

Innovation and institutions: moving towards the technological frontier in the electronics industry in Malaysia

Institutional support, innovation capabilities and exports: evidence from the semiconductor industry in Taiwan

Elite discourse and institutional innovation: making the hybrid happen in English public services

Data integrity boards: institutional innovation and congressional oversight

Innovation in educational marketing: a study applied to Brazilian private higher education institutions

Institutional innovation: organizing for better international relationships

Process: Implementation as a form of institutional innovation

Cooperation with public research institutions and success in innovation: evidence from France and Germany

Adaptation as innovation, innovation as adaptation: an institutional approach to climate change

The cost of weak institutions for innovation in China

An institutional approach to research on public procurement of innovation

The effect of institutional ownership on firm innovation: evidence from Chinese listed firms

Technology, relationship and support institutions on sectoral systems of innovation and production in Brazil's northwest bio ethanol and sugar agroindustry

Innovation offshoring, institutional context and innovation performance: a meta-analysis

Institutional markets, financial marketing, and financial innovation

The impact of institutional innovation on internal control: evidence from Chinese state-owned enterprises

The state of training: learning, institutional innovation, and local boards for training and adjustment in Ontario

Institutional innovation and agricultural development

Social science knowledge and induced institutional innovation: an institutional design perspective

Toward a theory of induced institutional innovation

Multiple paths to firm innovation in sub-saharan Africa: how informal institutions matter

Institutional investors' ownership stability and firms' innovation

Knowledge dissemination in clinical trials: exploring influences of institutional support and type of innovation on selective reporting

The evolution of IT innovations in Swedish organizations: a Darwinian critique of "Lamarckian" institutional economics

Tracking outcomes of social capital and institutional innovations in natural resources management: methodological issues and empirical evidence from participatory Bylaw Reform in Uganda

Offshoring innovation to emerging markets: organizational control and informal institutional distance

Does institutional context matter in building innovation capability?

Disjointed pluralism: institutional innovation and the development of the US Congress

Institutional innovation, contingency and war: a review

Firms' innovation benefiting from networking and institutional support: A global analysis of national and firm effects

Defining functional roles for research institutions in helix innovation networks

Interaction of knowledge spirals to create ontologies for an institutional repository of educational innovation best practices

The Impact of Institutions on Collaborative Innovations and the Role of Equity-Based Entry Modes

Institutional innovation in water management: the Scottish experience

Rethinking China's urbanization: an institutional innovation perspective

Codecision since Amsterdam: a laboratory for institutional innovation and change

On institutional obsolescence and innovation-background for professional dialogue on public policy

Catalysing institutional innovation

Innovation framework for excellence in higher education institutions

Institutional contradiction and management control innovation: A field study of total quality management practices in a privatized telecommunication company

Inter-institutional communications and process innovation: inter-institutional system and collaborative work process

How green management influences product innovation in China: the role of institutional benefits

Institutional complexity as a driver for innovation in service ecosystems

The contribution of KIBS to innovation in cities: an evolutionary and institutional perspective

Cooperation and conflicts: institutional innovation in France's wine markets

Institutional contexts for scientific innovation and economic transformation

Keeping sustainable innovation on a leash? Exploring incumbents' institutional strategies

Socio-institutional environment and innovation in Russia

The institutional work of life science innovation leadership: the case of a bio venture hub

Subnational institutions and open innovation: evidence from China

Professional competence and service innovation in higher education institutions in central Java, Indonesia

Institutional innovation of EU's foreign and security policy: Big leap for EU's strategic actorness or much ADO about nothing?

Identifying roles of international institutions in clean energy technology innovation and diffusion in the developing countries: matching barriers with roles of the institutions

Institutional incentives and pressures in Chinese manufacturing firms' innovation

Institution-driven innovation in Guangdong firms: moderating effects of in-house formal R&D and industrial environment turbulence

The impact of self-development on the tendency toward organizational innovation in higher education institutions with the mediating role of human resource agility

The influence of collaborative innovation among technology, institution and finance on China's economic growth

Governance institutions and prospects for local energy innovation: laggards and leaders among UK local authorities

Ahlstrom D (2020) Economic growth, innovation, institutions, and the Great Enrichment

How do institutional innovation systems affect open innovation?

Digital innovation and institutional entrepreneurship: chief digital officer perspectives of their emerging role

Embedding social innovation process into the institutional context: Voids or supports

Incentives, income sharing, and institutional innovation in the yugoslav self-managed firm

Institutional and organizational determinants of product innovations

Drivers of institutional innovation in networks: Unleashing the innovation potential of domesticated markets

Studying incremental institutional change: a systematic and critical meta-review of the literature from

The introduction of urban land readjustment legislation as an institutional innovation in Dutch land policy

Micro-institutional affordances and strategies of radical innovation

Institutions and innovation: the legal environment of innovating firms

The emergence of institutional innovations in tourism: the evolution of the African Wildlife Foundation's tourism conservation enterprises

Social innovation: integrating micro, meso, and macro level insights from institutional theory

How national institutions influence technology policies and firms' knowledge-building strategies: A study of fuel cell innovation across industrialized countries

An Institutional-based view of innovation -an explorative comparison of business groups in China and India

Entrepreneurship, innovation and competitiveness: a public institution love triangle

Building social science research capacity in Bolivia: an institutional innovation

The role of institutions in achieving radical innovation

Implementation of social innovations in subsistence marketplaces: a facilitated institutional change process model

The impact of governmental policies in institutional fields: the case of innovation in the Dutch concrete industry

Complex incremental product innovation in established service firms: a micro institutional perspective

Public service innovation and multiple institutional logics: The case of hybrid social enterprise providers of health and wellbeing

Innovation: an institutional approach

Collaborating across institutional and jurisdictional boundaries: Enabling the emergence of a national innovation system through public knowledge management

Accounting for organizational innovations: mobilizing institutional logics in translation

An examination of Peter Drucker's work from an institutional perspective: how institutional innovation creates value leadership

Social and institutional factors affecting sustainability innovation in universities: a computer re-use perspective

Under what institutional conditions do business groups enhance innovation performance?

Network centrality and innovation performance: the role of formal and informal institutions in emerging economies

Research on the effect of executive incentive institutional innovation on the cost of equity-evidence from chinese listed companies

Research on the synergetic innovation between pharmaceutical enterprises and scientific research institutions based on the quantum game

Launching professional services automation: institutional entrepreneurship for information technology innovations

National innovation systems and the intermediary role of industry associations in building institutional capacities for innovation in developing countries: a critical review of the literature

The 'War' against terror and the need for institutional innovation

Institution-infused sensemaking of discontinuous innovations: the case of the sharing economy

Aligning technology and institutional readiness: the adoption of innovation

How do institutional changes affect scientific innovations? the effects of shifts in authority relationships, protected space, and flexibility

The institutional structuring of innovation strategies: business systems, firm types and patterns of technical change in different market economies

Innovation and performance antecedents of village credit institutions in Bali province

Innovation and TQM in Swedish higher education institutions possibilities and pitfalls

Market reforms, technocrats, and institutional innovation

Co-creation of social innovations and new professional institutions: diffusion of therapeutic patient education (TPE) for diabetes in Austria

Constructing a sustainable pork supply chain: a case of techno-institutional innovation

Capacities for institutional innovation: a complexity perspective

Diverse institutional environments and product innovation of emerging market firms

A contingent view of institutional environment, firm capability, and innovation performance of emerging multinational enterprises

The role of international institutional complexity on emerging market multinational companies' innovation

Internationalization and innovation performance of emerging market enterprises: The role of host-country institutional development

The effects of institutional quality and diversity of foreign markets on exporting firms' innovation

The influence of innovation resources in higher education institutions on the development of Sci-tech parks' enterprises in the urban innovative districts at the stage of urbanization transformation

Institutional innovation and systematic construction of teacher education in the transformational period

IoT-based model for intelligent innovation practice system in higher education institutions

Organizational innovation culture and firms' new product performance in two emerging markets: The moderating effects of institutional environments and organizational cohesion

A study of methods to identify industry-university-research institution cooperation partners based on innovation Chain theory

The determinants of financial fraud in Chinese firms: does corporate governance as an institutional innovation matter?

Environmental strategy, institutional force, and innovation capability: a managerial cognition perspective

The cost of institutional innovation in the absence of an external governance mechanism-a case study on the 'Alibaba Partnership

Barriers to radical innovation in research institutions in China

Creating Public Value and Institutional Innovations across Boundaries: An Integrative Process of Participation, Legitimation, and Implementation

2020) Finance, institutions, and innovation activities in China

Does eco-innovation lift firm value? The contingent role of institutions in emerging markets

Green innovation and brand equity: moderating effects of industrial institutions

Big data approach as an institutional innovation to Tackle Hong Kong's illegal subdivided unit problem

Innovation in the application of gri to visualize strategic goals for sustainable development -The case of tertiary institution

The role of state ownership and institutions in the innovation performance of emerging market enterprises: evidence from China

Environment, governance, controls, and radical innovation during institutional transitions

The transfer of innovation capability from universities to enterprises in China: An institutional framework

Corporate governance reform as institutional innovation: The case of Japan

Sustainable collaborative innovation between research institutions and seed enterprises in China

Beyond the state/market dichotomy: institutional innovations in China's electricity industry reform

Challenges for innovation and sustainable development in Latin America: the significance of institutions and human capital

Institutional innovation and forest landscape restoration in China: Multi-scale cross-sector networking, household fiscal modernization and tenure reform

The leading small group: an institutional innovation for PPP projects in China

Institution-based barriers to innovation in SMEs in China

Diffusion of hospital innovations in different institutional settings

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