key: cord-0032640-sdpl70h2 authors: Vandoni, Matteo; Pellino, Vittoria Carnevale title: Physical Activity and Exercise Practice to Reduce the Sedentary Behavior in Children and Adolescents Overweight and with Obesity date: 2022-05-15 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105996 sha: 964f63a9b1126ae293f14cc8deaeda87737d0895 doc_id: 32640 cord_uid: sdpl70h2 nan Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19 , 5996 2 of 4 of exercise offers youth with obesity the chance to learn new exercises, to excel and receive unsolicited positive feedback. Muscle strength has been shown to be inversely related to metabolic risk in young people [22, 23] and longitudinal findings indicate that muscle fitness phenotypes (i.e., muscle strength, power and endurance) in childhood can be used to predict metabolic syndrome in adulthood [24] . Since the benefits of strength training for health and fitness markers in children and adolescents have been shown to be independent of cardiorespiratory fitness [25] , resistance exercise can be particularly beneficial to start a PA practice [26] and lay the foundations for more advanced interventions when health and training level improve. Collectively, interventions that combine aerobic and resistance training have been shown to produce favorable changes in fat mass, metabolic profiles and inflammatory status in overweight and obese youth, and these changes tend to be accentuated in higherintensity programs, which also promote better adherence to exercise [27] [28] [29] . In addition to improving body composition, as a long-term goal, it is important that healthy behaviors are established in the short term, for example, through opportunities to participate in school and social physical activities, including structured physical training [30] . Therefore, PA programs that include higher-intensity sessions of both aerobic training and strength training may be a useful approach because they are characterized by short periods of PA, interspersed with short rest periods [31, 32] . Young people may find highintensity interval training more enjoyable than continuous aerobic exercise because of the feelings of gratification, activation and success [33] . Finally, sport specialists and researchers have to carefully consider factors that influence obese children to begin and continue an exercise program, including the opportunity to improve strength, fitness and enjoyable social interaction experiences with peers [34] , to encourage PA as a lifestyle. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, M.V. and V.C.P.; writing-original draft preparation, M.V. and V.C.P.; writing-review and editing, M.V. and V.C.P. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. 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Factors Influencing Overweight Children's Commencement of and Continuation in a Resistance Training Program Funding: This research received no external funding. The authors declare no conflict of interest.