key: cord-0001250-zlzag6a8 authors: Camargo, C.N.; Carraro, E.; Granato, C.F.; Bellei, N. title: Human rhinovirus infections in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects date: 2012-06-01 journal: Braz J Microbiol DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838220120004000049 sha: 3dd8351aa51cbbf5dbfbd90a569efbad88b57b36 doc_id: 1250 cord_uid: zlzag6a8 The role of rhinovirus asymptomatic infections in the transmission among close contacts subjects is unknown. We tested health care workers, a pair of one child and a family member and immunocompromised patients (n =191). HRV were detected on 22.9% symptomatic and 3.6% asymptomatic cases suggesting lower transmission among contacts. describing adults was realized by Bellei and colleagues (2007) detecting 37.7%. The dynamic of rhinovirus transmission is relevant to address for the epidemiology characteristics of infection within families, schools and nosocomial outbreaks. Rhinovirus can be easily transmitted from person to person mainly through hand contact with infected respiratory secretions (15) . Studies of asymptomatic infected individuals pointed to 15 -30% rates (9, 19, 14, 20, 7, 19) of HRV infection but the role of infected subjects as reservoirs for secondary cases infections is unknown. Many studies have investigated the occurrence of rhinovirus among community cases but there is a lack of information about the frequency of rhinovirus asymptomatic cases. We investigated HRV infections rates on selected populations of a pair of one child and one family member, health care workers (HCW), and immunocompromised patients with and without respiratory symptoms from June to September. In this study, a total of 191 nasal swab (NS) specimens were collected from three groups. One hundred and eleven health care workers (HCW) from São Paulo Hospital, 36 pairs of one child and one family member and 8 blood marrow transplanted hospitalized patients (BMT). They were considered eligible symptomatic patients if possible viral etiology within 7 days of symptoms onset. The clinical criterion was presentation of at least one respiratory symptom (cough, sore throat, or nasal congestion) and one constitutional symptom (headache, malaise, myalgia, chills). For shown in Table 1 . Influenza and rhinovirus infections among health-care workers Acute Respiratory Infection and Influenza-Like Illness Viral Etiologies in Brazilian Adults Respiratory consequences of rhinovirus infection Rhinovirus infections in myelosuppressed adult blood and marrow transplanted recipients Two outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in nursing homes associated with rhinovirus Rhinovirus infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with pneumonia Persistence of rhinovirus and enterovirus RNA after acute respiratory illness in children Identification of respiratory viruses in asymptomatic subjects: asymptomatic respiratory viral infections Use of polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of picornavirus infection in subjects with and without respiratory symptoms Comparison of conventional and molecular detection of respiratory viruses in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients New Vaccine Surveillance Network Rhinovirus-associated hospitalizations in young children Respiratory illness caused by picornavirus infection: a review of clinical outcomes Risk factors for lower respiratory complications of rhinovirus infections in elderly people living in the community: prospective cohort study Human picornavirus and coronavirus RNA in nasopharynx of children without concurrent respiratory symptoms Rhinovirus transmission within families with children: Insidence of symptomatic and assymptomatic infections Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care. IgE and eosinophil analyses Genetic clustering of all 102 human rhinovirus prototype strains: serotype 87 is close to human enterovirus 70 Phylogenetic analysis of rhinovirus isolates collected during successive epidemic seasons Viral respiratory infections in hospitalized and community control children in Alaska Frequent detection of respiratory viruses in adult recipients of stem cell transplants with the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction, compared with viral culture Respiratory pathogens in children with and without respiratory symptoms A rhinovirus outbreak among residents of a long-term care facility All the content of the journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons License We acknowledge Dr. Eurico Arruda (FMRP-USP) for providing HRV 39 isolate.The authors acknowledge the financial support of