Verbs Analysis for the code4lib Study Carrel — What Do People Do?

The verb data from the code4lib carrel is extraordinarily rich — over a thousand distinct lemmatized verbs, ranging from nearly 69,000 occurrences of "have" down to single appearances. By grouping the most frequent and thematically significant verbs into clusters, a vivid picture emerges of what this community does.

Foundational Verbs of Existence and Cognition

VerbFrequencyInterpretation
have69,001Basic possession — "we have a system," "I have experience"
use54,379Tool usage is central to this community
write47,573Writing — code, documentation, proposals, emails
work44,793The community is fundamentally about working
do34,575General action — getting things done
think22,912Reflection and deliberation are valued
know19,919Knowledge sharing is a core activity
need19,684Identifying gaps and requirements
want18,015Expressing desires and goals

These top verbs suggest a community that is simultaneously reflective (think, know, understand, believe) and action-oriented (work, do, make, build, create, implement).

Cluster 1: Building, Creating, and Implementing

This is the heart of the code4lib community — people make things.

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
develop17,632Developing software, systems, workflows
create16,582Creating code, metadata, repositories, tools
build9,605Building systems, APIs, interfaces
implement8,296Implementing standards, software, solutions
integrate5,426Integrating systems with one another
design4,000Designing architectures, interfaces, schemas
configure867Configuring software platforms
deploy1,249Deploying applications to servers
code685Literally writing code
program445Programming
script304Writing scripts for automation
engineer420Engineering solutions
hack452Hacking — in the positive, creative sense

The community builds, configures, deploys, and integrates library technology systems. This is not a community that merely discusses technology — it produces technology.

Cluster 2: Managing, Organizing, and Administering

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
manage12,163Managing systems, teams, projects
maintain10,114Maintaining existing infrastructure
support15,895Supporting users, services, systems
serve7,815Serving patrons, communities, data
coordinate2,822Coordinating projects and teams
organize2,338Organizing events, workflows, data
supervise1,687Supervising staff and operations
administer838Administering systems
oversee1,813Overseeing projects and processes
direct1,479Directing operations and initiatives

These verbs reveal the managerial and administrative dimension of library technology work — the day-to-day business of keeping systems running and teams functioning.

Cluster 3: Sharing, Communicating, and Collaborating

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
provide26,191Providing services, access, data
send18,767Sending messages, emails, files
share9,800Sharing knowledge, code, resources
post8,178Posting to mailing lists, blogs, forums
email1,478Emailing colleagues
communicate2,606Communicating with stakeholders
contribute5,065Contributing to open-source projects
collaborate3,206Collaborating across institutions
discuss3,129Discussing ideas, problems, solutions
thank4,979Thanking others — a remarkably civil community
welcome2,053Welcoming new members and ideas
appreciate2,051Expressing appreciation — again, notably courteous

The high frequency of thank, welcome, and appreciate is striking. This is a community that not only works together but actively expresses gratitude — a hallmark of healthy professional discourse.

Cluster 4: Searching, Finding, and Discovering

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
find15,993Finding information, solutions, resources
search3,171Searching — catalogs, databases, the web
look18,951Looking for answers, looking at systems
discover1,291Discovering resources, tools, approaches
locate2,956Locating items, records, people
identify5,966Identifying problems, needs, entities
explore2,601Exploring new technologies and methods
investigate1,336Investigating issues and options

These verbs reflect the information-retrieval and problem-solving orientation of library technologists — they are perpetually searching, finding, and discovering.

Cluster 5: Learning, Teaching, and Helping

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
learn11,185Learning new technologies, standards, methods
help11,383Helping colleagues, patrons, the community
teach2,041Teaching workshops, preconferences, skills
mentor399Mentoring junior colleagues
train814Training staff and users
educate320Educating the broader community
guide1,014Guiding decisions and processes

The community is not only self-educating but actively invested in educating others — through workshops, mentoring, and training.

Cluster 6: Conference and Community Organizing

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
register4,689Registering for conferences and events
attend3,742Attending conferences, workshops
submit6,956Submitting proposals, papers, talks
propose1,835Proposing talks, sessions, ideas
vote1,661Voting on conference proposals, elections
participate7,305Participating in discussions and events
host5,384Hosting conferences, workshops, websites
present3,309Presenting at conferences and webinars
volunteer690Volunteering for committees and tasks
nominate317Nominating candidates for roles
elect172Electing community leaders

These verbs confirm the vibrant organizational life of code4lib — an annual conference with proposals, voting, keynotes, and active community governance.

Cluster 7: Cataloging, Metadata, and Data Work

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
catalog3,004Cataloging materials — traditional library work
archive1,559Archiving digital materials
digitize1,859Digitizing collections
preserve1,841Preserving digital content
curate640Curating collections and exhibits
ingest530Ingesting content into repositories
harvest587Harvesting metadata via OAI-PMH
index816Indexing content for discovery
parse996Parsing data files and formats
query1,031Querying databases and APIs
export668Exporting records and data
import648Importing data and records
convert1,810Converting between formats
extract1,407Extracting data from files
transform1,458Transforming data structures
normalize411Normalizing data for consistency

This cluster reveals the technical data work that underpins library operations — from cataloging and digitization to format conversion, metadata harvesting, and database querying.

Cluster 8: Evaluating, Assessing, and Improving

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
evaluate2,810Evaluating tools, systems, candidates
review2,472Reviewing code, proposals, applications
assess1,228Assessing needs and outcomes
improve4,201Improving systems, processes, services
enhance2,990Enhancing functionality and user experience
analyze1,815Analyzing data and usage patterns
test1,770Testing software and systems
troubleshoot866Troubleshooting problems
debug112Debugging code
fix1,691Fixing bugs and issues
optimize704Optimizing performance
refine299Refining processes and outputs

The community is constantly evaluating, improving, and fixing — a cycle of assessment and enhancement that keeps library systems evolving.

Cluster 9: Preserving, Protecting, and Securing

VerbFrequencyMeaning in Context
preserve1,841Digital preservation
protect1,519Protecting data and access
secure465Securing systems
backup222Backing up data
encrypt247Encrypting sensitive data
authenticate289Authenticating users
authorize397Authorizing access

These verbs point to the stewardship responsibilities of library technologists — not just building systems but ensuring their long-term viability and security.

Notable Colorful and Community-Specific Verbs

Beyond the high-frequency workhorses, the verb list contains many colorful, community-specific actions that give the corpus personality:

What Do People in This Carrel Do?

Taken together, the verbs tell a compelling story. The people in the code4lib carrel are a community of library technologists who:

  1. Build and create — they develop software, write code, implement systems, design architectures, and deploy applications
  2. Manage and maintain — they oversee infrastructure, support users, administer services, and coordinate teams
  3. Share and collaborate — they post, send, contribute, discuss, and — remarkably often — thank and appreciate one another
  4. Search and discover — they find information, investigate problems, explore new tools, and identify solutions
  5. Learn and teach — they constantly learn new technologies while mentoring, training, and educating others
  6. Organize conferences — they propose talks, submit papers, vote, register, present, and volunteer at community events
  7. Work with data — they catalog, digitize, archive, preserve, harvest, parse, query, convert, and transform information
  8. Evaluate and improve — they test, debug, fix, optimize, and refine their systems in a continuous cycle of enhancement
  9. Protect and preserve — they secure, backup, encrypt, and authenticate to ensure the long-term stewardship of digital content
In short, the people in this carrel make things, fix things, share things, find things, teach things, organize events, and take care of data — all in service of libraries and the communities they serve. The verbs reveal not just what library technologists do, but how they do it: with curiosity, collaboration, gratitude, and a healthy dose of tinkering.