This dissertation investigates the way Jewish charity discourse is developed in Luke's Gospel. In contrast to previous scholarship, neither the coherence of Lukan "wealth ethics" nor its contemporary actualization defines the study. Instead, the sacramental significance of almsgiving during the Second Temple period, recently brought to light in the work of Gary Anderson, becomes the starting point for a more theologically oriented exegesis. The end result recognizes Luke's "Christological mutation" of the inherited tradition. The study is organized around three large exegetical probes, each handling parabolic material overlooked or unsatisfactorily treated by earlier scholars (i.e. Luke 7:36-50; 10:25-37; 16:1-31). To expose the Jewish character of Luke's charity theology, each probe centers upon a key Old Testament text and line of Second Temple reception linked to Luke (i.e. Isa 61:1-2 and 11Q13; Lev 19:18 and CD 6:20; and Prov 10:2 and Tobit). This plotting of Luke within a Wirkungsgeschichte also includes attention to later rabbinic and patristic traditions; while the approach to Luke's parables investigates Christological allegory as a narrative device (metalepsis).The first probe demonstrates Luke's engagement with the pervasive Second Temple "sin as debt" metaphor. This entails a new reading of Luke 11:4 and overturns a problematic scholarly assumption. Here a distinct Lukan motif, described as "Creditor Christology," is identified, and Luke's transmission of "Devil's Ransom" theology from Judaism to the early Church is shown. A fresh interpretation of the parable of the Good Samaritan is next proposed. The interpretation of Lev 19:18 as almsgiving is first uncovered in CD 6:20, then used to reorient Luke 10:25-37 around charity. This perspective integrates the diverse motifs interpreters have found within the Lukan text, including the traditional Christological reading.The final probe pursues a contextualized reading of the parable of the "Unjust Steward." This exposes a "debt/sin release" motif and several complex Lukan reconfigurations of wisdom and apocalyptic traditions, concering the intersection of resurrection and wealth rhetoric. The deep grammar of Luke's charity soteriology is here explored.  The dissertation concludes with a consideration of the ultimate theological significance of charity in Luke's narration of "the things fulfilled among us.