id sid tid token lemma pos vt150g37p33 1 1 the the DET vt150g37p33 1 2 work work NOUN vt150g37p33 1 3 presented present VERB vt150g37p33 1 4 in in ADP vt150g37p33 1 5 this this DET vt150g37p33 1 6 dissertation dissertation NOUN vt150g37p33 1 7 describes describe VERB vt150g37p33 1 8 the the DET vt150g37p33 1 9 following follow VERB vt150g37p33 1 10 studies study NOUN vt150g37p33 1 11 : : PUNCT vt150g37p33 1 12 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 1 13 1 1 X vt150g37p33 1 14 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 1 15 the the DET vt150g37p33 1 16 role role NOUN vt150g37p33 1 17 of of ADP vt150g37p33 1 18 ninag ninag NOUN vt150g37p33 1 19 in in ADP vt150g37p33 1 20 visual visual ADJ vt150g37p33 1 21 pigment pigment NOUN vt150g37p33 1 22 chromophore chromophore NOUN vt150g37p33 1 23 biogenesis biogenesis NOUN vt150g37p33 1 24 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 1 the the DET vt150g37p33 2 2 drosophila drosophila NOUN vt150g37p33 2 3 ninag ninag PROPN vt150g37p33 2 4 oxidoreductase oxidoreductase NOUN vt150g37p33 2 5 mutant mutant NOUN vt150g37p33 2 6 flies fly NOUN vt150g37p33 2 7 are be AUX vt150g37p33 2 8 characterized characterize VERB vt150g37p33 2 9 by by ADP vt150g37p33 2 10 low low ADJ vt150g37p33 2 11 levels level NOUN vt150g37p33 2 12 of of ADP vt150g37p33 2 13 rh1 rh1 NOUN vt150g37p33 2 14 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 2 15 but but CCONJ vt150g37p33 2 16 have have VERB vt150g37p33 2 17 normal normal ADJ vt150g37p33 2 18 levels level NOUN vt150g37p33 2 19 of of ADP vt150g37p33 2 20 minor minor ADJ vt150g37p33 2 21 opsins opsin NOUN vt150g37p33 2 22 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 23 rh4 rh4 ADV vt150g37p33 2 24 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 2 25 rh6 rh6 PROPN vt150g37p33 2 26 . . PROPN vt150g37p33 2 27 ninag ninag PROPN vt150g37p33 2 28 mutants mutant VERB vt150g37p33 2 29 ectopically ectopically ADV vt150g37p33 2 30 expressing express VERB vt150g37p33 2 31 rh4 rh4 ADV vt150g37p33 2 32 as as SCONJ vt150g37p33 2 33 the the DET vt150g37p33 2 34 major major ADJ vt150g37p33 2 35 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 2 36 accumulate accumulate VERB vt150g37p33 2 37 an an DET vt150g37p33 2 38 anomalous anomalous ADJ vt150g37p33 2 39 retinoid retinoid NOUN vt150g37p33 2 40 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 41 identified identify VERB vt150g37p33 2 42 as as ADP vt150g37p33 2 43 3 3 NUM vt150g37p33 2 44 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 45 hydroxyretinol hydroxyretinol NOUN vt150g37p33 2 46 by by ADP vt150g37p33 2 47 hplc hplc NOUN vt150g37p33 2 48 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 49 uv uv NOUN vt150g37p33 2 50 / / SYM vt150g37p33 2 51 vis vis ADP vt150g37p33 2 52 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 2 53 ms ms NOUN vt150g37p33 2 54 analysis analysis NOUN vt150g37p33 2 55 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 3 1 further far ADV vt150g37p33 3 2 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 3 3 ninag ninag ADJ vt150g37p33 3 4 mutants mutant NOUN vt150g37p33 3 5 fed feed VERB vt150g37p33 3 6 on on ADP vt150g37p33 3 7 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 3 8 as as SCONJ vt150g37p33 3 9 the the DET vt150g37p33 3 10 sole sole ADJ vt150g37p33 3 11 chromophore chromophore NOUN vt150g37p33 3 12 precursor precursor NOUN vt150g37p33 3 13 are be AUX vt150g37p33 3 14 able able ADJ vt150g37p33 3 15 to to PART vt150g37p33 3 16 synthesize synthesize VERB vt150g37p33 3 17 3 3 NUM vt150g37p33 3 18 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 3 19 hydroxyretinoids hydroxyretinoid NOUN vt150g37p33 3 20 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 4 1 thus thus ADV vt150g37p33 4 2 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 4 3 ninag ninag PROPN vt150g37p33 4 4 oxidoreductase oxidoreductase NOUN vt150g37p33 4 5 acts act VERB vt150g37p33 4 6 subsequent subsequent ADJ vt150g37p33 4 7 to to ADP vt150g37p33 4 8 the the DET vt150g37p33 4 9 hydroxylation hydroxylation NOUN vt150g37p33 4 10 step step NOUN vt150g37p33 4 11 in in ADP vt150g37p33 4 12 the the DET vt150g37p33 4 13 biogenesis biogenesis NOUN vt150g37p33 4 14 of of ADP vt150g37p33 4 15 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 4 16 chromophore chromophore NOUN vt150g37p33 4 17 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 4 18 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 4 19 3s)-3 3s)-3 NUM vt150g37p33 4 20 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 4 21 hydroxyretinal hydroxyretinal PROPN vt150g37p33 4 22 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 5 1 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 5 2 2 2 X vt150g37p33 5 3 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 5 4 heterologous heterologous ADJ vt150g37p33 5 5 expression expression NOUN vt150g37p33 5 6 of of ADP vt150g37p33 5 7 bovine bovine NOUN vt150g37p33 5 8 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 5 9 in in ADP vt150g37p33 5 10 drosophila drosophila NOUN vt150g37p33 5 11 photoreceptor photoreceptor NOUN vt150g37p33 5 12 cells cell NOUN vt150g37p33 5 13 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 6 1 vertebrate vertebrate NOUN vt150g37p33 6 2 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 6 3 invertebrate invertebrate NOUN vt150g37p33 6 4 rhodopsins rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 6 5 are be AUX vt150g37p33 6 6 similar similar ADJ vt150g37p33 6 7 in in ADP vt150g37p33 6 8 amino amino ADJ vt150g37p33 6 9 acid acid NOUN vt150g37p33 6 10 sequence sequence NOUN vt150g37p33 6 11 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 6 12 structural structural ADJ vt150g37p33 6 13 organization organization NOUN vt150g37p33 6 14 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 6 15 spectral spectral ADJ vt150g37p33 6 16 properties property NOUN vt150g37p33 6 17 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 6 18 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 6 19 mode mode NOUN vt150g37p33 6 20 of of ADP vt150g37p33 6 21 action action NOUN vt150g37p33 6 22 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 6 23 but but CCONJ vt150g37p33 6 24 bind bind VERB vt150g37p33 6 25 different different ADJ vt150g37p33 6 26 chromophores chromophore NOUN vt150g37p33 6 27 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 6 28 trigger trigger NOUN vt150g37p33 6 29 phototransduction phototransduction NOUN vt150g37p33 6 30 through through ADP vt150g37p33 6 31 distinct distinct ADJ vt150g37p33 6 32 pathways pathway NOUN vt150g37p33 6 33 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 1 transgenic transgenic NOUN vt150g37p33 7 2 drosophila drosophila NOUN vt150g37p33 7 3 expressing express VERB vt150g37p33 7 4 bovine bovine NOUN vt150g37p33 7 5 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 7 6 were be AUX vt150g37p33 7 7 created create VERB vt150g37p33 7 8 to to PART vt150g37p33 7 9 compare compare VERB vt150g37p33 7 10 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 7 11 contrast contrast VERB vt150g37p33 7 12 properties property NOUN vt150g37p33 7 13 of of ADP vt150g37p33 7 14 bovine bovine NOUN vt150g37p33 7 15 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 7 16 drosophila drosophila VERB vt150g37p33 7 17 rhodopsin rhodopsin VERB vt150g37p33 7 18 with with ADP vt150g37p33 7 19 respect respect NOUN vt150g37p33 7 20 to to ADP vt150g37p33 7 21 maturation maturation NOUN vt150g37p33 7 22 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 23 glycosylation glycosylation NOUN vt150g37p33 7 24 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 25 chromophore chromophore NOUN vt150g37p33 7 26 binding binding NOUN vt150g37p33 7 27 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 28 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 7 29 folding fold VERB vt150g37p33 7 30 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 31 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 32 trafficking trafficking NOUN vt150g37p33 7 33 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 34 physiology physiology NOUN vt150g37p33 7 35 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 36 light light ADJ vt150g37p33 7 37 response response NOUN vt150g37p33 7 38 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 39 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 7 40 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 7 41 photoreceptor photoreceptor NOUN vt150g37p33 7 42 cell cell NOUN vt150g37p33 7 43 morphology morphology NOUN vt150g37p33 7 44 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 8 1 this this DET vt150g37p33 8 2 analysis analysis NOUN vt150g37p33 8 3 establishes establish VERB vt150g37p33 8 4 drosophila drosophila NOUN vt150g37p33 8 5 photoreceptor photoreceptor NOUN vt150g37p33 8 6 cells cell NOUN vt150g37p33 8 7 as as ADP vt150g37p33 8 8 a a DET vt150g37p33 8 9 valuable valuable ADJ vt150g37p33 8 10 model model NOUN vt150g37p33 8 11 to to PART vt150g37p33 8 12 study study VERB vt150g37p33 8 13 vertebrate vertebrate NOUN vt150g37p33 8 14 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 8 15 invertebrate invertebrate NOUN vt150g37p33 8 16 visual visual ADJ vt150g37p33 8 17 pigments pigment NOUN vt150g37p33 8 18 in in ADP vt150g37p33 8 19 a a DET vt150g37p33 8 20 common common ADJ vt150g37p33 8 21 cell cell NOUN vt150g37p33 8 22 type type NOUN vt150g37p33 8 23 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 9 1 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 9 2 3 3 X vt150g37p33 9 3 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 9 4 rh1 rh1 NOUN vt150g37p33 9 5 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic ADJ vt150g37p33 9 6 tail tail NOUN vt150g37p33 9 7 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 9 8 non non ADJ vt150g37p33 9 9 - - ADJ vt150g37p33 9 10 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic ADJ vt150g37p33 9 11 interface interface NOUN vt150g37p33 9 12 domains domain NOUN vt150g37p33 9 13 play play VERB vt150g37p33 9 14 a a DET vt150g37p33 9 15 structural structural ADJ vt150g37p33 9 16 role role NOUN vt150g37p33 9 17 in in ADP vt150g37p33 9 18 development development NOUN vt150g37p33 9 19 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 9 20 integrity integrity NOUN vt150g37p33 9 21 of of ADP vt150g37p33 9 22 rhabdomeres rhabdomere NOUN vt150g37p33 9 23 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 10 1 rh1 rh1 NOUN vt150g37p33 10 2 expression expression NOUN vt150g37p33 10 3 is be AUX vt150g37p33 10 4 essential essential ADJ vt150g37p33 10 5 for for ADP vt150g37p33 10 6 the the DET vt150g37p33 10 7 structural structural ADJ vt150g37p33 10 8 development development NOUN vt150g37p33 10 9 of of ADP vt150g37p33 10 10 rhabdomeres rhabdomere NOUN vt150g37p33 10 11 in in ADP vt150g37p33 10 12 photoreceptor photoreceptor NOUN vt150g37p33 10 13 cells cell NOUN vt150g37p33 10 14 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 11 1 flies fly NOUN vt150g37p33 11 2 expressing express VERB vt150g37p33 11 3 bovine bovine NOUN vt150g37p33 11 4 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 11 5 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 11 6 rho rho NOUN vt150g37p33 11 7 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 11 8 show show VERB vt150g37p33 11 9 severe severe ADJ vt150g37p33 11 10 disintegration disintegration NOUN vt150g37p33 11 11 of of ADP vt150g37p33 11 12 rhabdomeres rhabdomere NOUN vt150g37p33 11 13 7 7 NUM vt150g37p33 11 14 - - SYM vt150g37p33 11 15 10 10 NUM vt150g37p33 11 16 days day NOUN vt150g37p33 11 17 post post NOUN vt150g37p33 11 18 - - NOUN vt150g37p33 11 19 eclosion eclosion NOUN vt150g37p33 11 20 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 12 1 a a DET vt150g37p33 12 2 series series NOUN vt150g37p33 12 3 of of ADP vt150g37p33 12 4 rh1 rh1 PROPN vt150g37p33 12 5 - - ADJ vt150g37p33 12 6 rho rho ADJ vt150g37p33 12 7 chimera chimera NOUN vt150g37p33 12 8 were be AUX vt150g37p33 12 9 expressed express VERB vt150g37p33 12 10 to to PART vt150g37p33 12 11 show show VERB vt150g37p33 12 12 that that SCONJ vt150g37p33 12 13 both both CCONJ vt150g37p33 12 14 rh1 rh1 NUM vt150g37p33 12 15 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic ADJ vt150g37p33 12 16 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 12 17 tail tail NOUN vt150g37p33 12 18 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 12 19 non non ADJ vt150g37p33 12 20 - - ADJ vt150g37p33 12 21 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic ADJ vt150g37p33 12 22 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 12 23 interface interface NOUN vt150g37p33 12 24 domains domain NOUN vt150g37p33 12 25 are be AUX vt150g37p33 12 26 essential essential ADJ vt150g37p33 12 27 for for ADP vt150g37p33 12 28 the the DET vt150g37p33 12 29 structural structural ADJ vt150g37p33 12 30 development development NOUN vt150g37p33 12 31 and and CCONJ vt150g37p33 12 32 maintenance maintenance NOUN vt150g37p33 12 33 of of ADP vt150g37p33 12 34 rhabdomeres rhabdomere NOUN vt150g37p33 12 35 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 13 1 ( ( PUNCT vt150g37p33 13 2 4 4 X vt150g37p33 13 3 ) ) PUNCT vt150g37p33 13 4 genome genome NOUN vt150g37p33 13 5 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 13 6 wide wide ADJ vt150g37p33 13 7 transcript transcript NOUN vt150g37p33 13 8 analysis analysis NOUN vt150g37p33 13 9 during during ADP vt150g37p33 13 10 norpa norpa ADJ vt150g37p33 13 11 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 13 12 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 13 13 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 14 1 drosophila drosophila NOUN vt150g37p33 14 2 norpa norpa ADV vt150g37p33 14 3 mutants mutant VERB vt150g37p33 14 4 show show VERB vt150g37p33 14 5 rapid rapid ADJ vt150g37p33 14 6 light light ADJ vt150g37p33 14 7 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 14 8 dependent dependent ADJ vt150g37p33 14 9 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 14 10 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 14 11 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 15 1 among among ADP vt150g37p33 15 2 13,000 13,000 NUM vt150g37p33 15 3 genes gene NOUN vt150g37p33 15 4 present present ADJ vt150g37p33 15 5 on on ADP vt150g37p33 15 6 the the DET vt150g37p33 15 7 genome genome NOUN vt150g37p33 15 8 chip chip NOUN vt150g37p33 15 9 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 15 10 300 300 NUM vt150g37p33 15 11 genes gene NOUN vt150g37p33 15 12 showed show VERB vt150g37p33 15 13 significant significant ADJ vt150g37p33 15 14 changes change NOUN vt150g37p33 15 15 in in ADP vt150g37p33 15 16 transcript transcript NOUN vt150g37p33 15 17 levels level NOUN vt150g37p33 15 18 during during ADP vt150g37p33 15 19 the the DET vt150g37p33 15 20 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 15 21 process process NOUN vt150g37p33 15 22 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 16 1 one one NUM vt150g37p33 16 2 of of ADP vt150g37p33 16 3 the the DET vt150g37p33 16 4 downregulated downregulate VERB vt150g37p33 16 5 genes gene NOUN vt150g37p33 16 6 was be AUX vt150g37p33 16 7 sun sun NOUN vt150g37p33 16 8 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 16 9 that that SCONJ vt150g37p33 16 10 when when SCONJ vt150g37p33 16 11 mutated mutate VERB vt150g37p33 16 12 cause cause VERB vt150g37p33 16 13 light light ADJ vt150g37p33 16 14 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 16 15 dependent dependent ADJ vt150g37p33 16 16 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 16 17 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 16 18 due due ADP vt150g37p33 16 19 to to ADP vt150g37p33 16 20 accumulation accumulation NOUN vt150g37p33 16 21 of of ADP vt150g37p33 16 22 activated activate VERB vt150g37p33 16 23 rhodopsin rhodopsin NOUN vt150g37p33 16 24 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 17 1 norpa norpa ADV vt150g37p33 17 2 ; ; PUNCT vt150g37p33 17 3 sun sun NOUN vt150g37p33 17 4 double double ADJ vt150g37p33 17 5 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 17 6 mutants mutant NOUN vt150g37p33 17 7 showed show VERB vt150g37p33 17 8 faster fast ADJ vt150g37p33 17 9 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 17 10 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 17 11 rate rate NOUN vt150g37p33 17 12 than than ADP vt150g37p33 17 13 single single ADJ vt150g37p33 17 14 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 17 15 mutants mutant NOUN vt150g37p33 17 16 , , PUNCT vt150g37p33 17 17 suggesting suggest VERB vt150g37p33 17 18 that that SCONJ vt150g37p33 17 19 downregulation downregulation NOUN vt150g37p33 17 20 of of ADP vt150g37p33 17 21 sun sun NOUN vt150g37p33 17 22 transcript transcript NOUN vt150g37p33 17 23 in in ADP vt150g37p33 17 24 norpa norpa ADJ vt150g37p33 17 25 mutants mutant NOUN vt150g37p33 17 26 contributes contribute VERB vt150g37p33 17 27 towards towards ADP vt150g37p33 17 28 the the DET vt150g37p33 17 29 attainment attainment NOUN vt150g37p33 17 30 of of ADP vt150g37p33 17 31 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 17 32 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 17 33 . . PUNCT vt150g37p33 18 1 large large ADJ vt150g37p33 18 2 - - PUNCT vt150g37p33 18 3 scale scale NOUN vt150g37p33 18 4 changes change NOUN vt150g37p33 18 5 in in ADP vt150g37p33 18 6 transcript transcript NOUN vt150g37p33 18 7 levels level NOUN vt150g37p33 18 8 of of ADP vt150g37p33 18 9 known know VERB vt150g37p33 18 10 apoptotic apoptotic ADJ vt150g37p33 18 11 genes gene NOUN vt150g37p33 18 12 were be AUX vt150g37p33 18 13 not not PART vt150g37p33 18 14 observed observe VERB vt150g37p33 18 15 thereby thereby ADV vt150g37p33 18 16 suggesting suggest VERB vt150g37p33 18 17 that that SCONJ vt150g37p33 18 18 apoptotic apoptotic ADJ vt150g37p33 18 19 genes gene NOUN vt150g37p33 18 20 are be AUX vt150g37p33 18 21 not not PART vt150g37p33 18 22 transcriptionally transcriptionally ADV vt150g37p33 18 23 regulated regulate VERB vt150g37p33 18 24 during during ADP vt150g37p33 18 25 norpa norpa ADJ vt150g37p33 18 26 retinal retinal ADJ vt150g37p33 18 27 degeneration degeneration NOUN vt150g37p33 18 28 . . PUNCT