id sid tid token lemma pos t722h705513 1 1 the the DET t722h705513 1 2 bacterium bacterium NOUN t722h705513 1 3 pseudomonas pseudomonas PROPN t722h705513 1 4 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 1 5 is be AUX t722h705513 1 6 ubiquitous ubiquitous ADJ t722h705513 1 7 in in ADP t722h705513 1 8 the the DET t722h705513 1 9 environment environment NOUN t722h705513 1 10 and and CCONJ t722h705513 1 11 is be AUX t722h705513 1 12 also also ADV t722h705513 1 13 an an DET t722h705513 1 14 opportunistic opportunistic ADJ t722h705513 1 15 human human ADJ t722h705513 1 16 pathogen pathogen PROPN t722h705513 1 17 . . PUNCT t722h705513 2 1 a a DET t722h705513 2 2 hallmark hallmark ADJ t722h705513 2 3 characteristic characteristic NOUN t722h705513 2 4 of of ADP t722h705513 2 5 p. p. PROPN t722h705513 2 6 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 2 7 is be AUX t722h705513 2 8 its its PRON t722h705513 2 9 ability ability NOUN t722h705513 2 10 to to PART t722h705513 2 11 readily readily ADV t722h705513 2 12 develop develop VERB t722h705513 2 13 attached attach VERB t722h705513 2 14 - - PUNCT t722h705513 2 15 growth growth NOUN t722h705513 2 16 biofilms biofilm NOUN t722h705513 2 17 on on ADP t722h705513 2 18 many many ADJ t722h705513 2 19 surfaces surface NOUN t722h705513 2 20 under under ADP t722h705513 2 21 various various ADJ t722h705513 2 22 growth growth NOUN t722h705513 2 23 conditions condition NOUN t722h705513 2 24 . . PUNCT t722h705513 3 1 during during ADP t722h705513 3 2 colonization colonization NOUN t722h705513 3 3 of of ADP t722h705513 3 4 a a DET t722h705513 3 5 surface surface NOUN t722h705513 3 6 , , PUNCT t722h705513 3 7 initial initial ADJ t722h705513 3 8 biofilm biofilm NOUN t722h705513 3 9 development development NOUN t722h705513 3 10 for for ADP t722h705513 3 11 p. p. PROPN t722h705513 3 12 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 3 13 is be AUX t722h705513 3 14 aided aid VERB t722h705513 3 15 by by ADP t722h705513 3 16 surface surface NOUN t722h705513 3 17 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 3 18 mediated mediate VERB t722h705513 3 19 by by ADP t722h705513 3 20 both both DET t722h705513 3 21 type type NOUN t722h705513 3 22 iv iv PROPN t722h705513 3 23 pili pili NOUN t722h705513 3 24 ( ( PUNCT t722h705513 3 25 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 3 26 ) ) PUNCT t722h705513 3 27 and and CCONJ t722h705513 3 28 flagella flagella NOUN t722h705513 3 29 . . PUNCT t722h705513 4 1 understanding understand VERB t722h705513 4 2 the the DET t722h705513 4 3 environmental environmental ADJ t722h705513 4 4 cues cue NOUN t722h705513 4 5 that that PRON t722h705513 4 6 influence influence NOUN t722h705513 4 7 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 4 8 could could AUX t722h705513 4 9 provide provide VERB t722h705513 4 10 insight insight NOUN t722h705513 4 11 into into ADP t722h705513 4 12 biofilm biofilm NOUN t722h705513 4 13 formation formation NOUN t722h705513 4 14 . . PUNCT t722h705513 5 1 this this DET t722h705513 5 2 thesis thesis NOUN t722h705513 5 3 examines examine VERB t722h705513 5 4 how how SCONJ t722h705513 5 5 cations cation NOUN t722h705513 5 6 act act VERB t722h705513 5 7 as as SCONJ t722h705513 5 8 environmental environmental ADJ t722h705513 5 9 signals signal NOUN t722h705513 5 10 to to PART t722h705513 5 11 affect affect VERB t722h705513 5 12 p. p. NOUN t722h705513 5 13 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 5 14 bacterial bacterial PROPN t722h705513 5 15 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 5 16 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 5 17 in in ADP t722h705513 5 18 a a DET t722h705513 5 19 concentration concentration NOUN t722h705513 5 20 dependent dependent ADJ t722h705513 5 21 manner manner NOUN t722h705513 5 22 . . PUNCT t722h705513 6 1 low low ADJ t722h705513 6 2 levels level NOUN t722h705513 6 3 of of ADP t722h705513 6 4 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 6 5 , , PUNCT t722h705513 6 6 magnesium magnesium NOUN t722h705513 6 7 , , PUNCT t722h705513 6 8 iron iron NOUN t722h705513 6 9 , , PUNCT t722h705513 6 10 potassium potassium NOUN t722h705513 6 11 , , PUNCT t722h705513 6 12 or or CCONJ t722h705513 6 13 sodium sodium NOUN t722h705513 6 14 stimulated stimulate VERB t722h705513 6 15 an an DET t722h705513 6 16 increase increase NOUN t722h705513 6 17 in in ADP t722h705513 6 18 p. p. PROPN t722h705513 6 19 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 6 20 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 6 21 surface surface PROPN t722h705513 6 22 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 6 23 at at ADP t722h705513 6 24 the the DET t722h705513 6 25 single single ADJ t722h705513 6 26 cell cell NOUN t722h705513 6 27 level level NOUN t722h705513 6 28 . . PUNCT t722h705513 7 1 more more ADV t722h705513 7 2 specifically specifically ADV t722h705513 7 3 , , PUNCT t722h705513 7 4 there there PRON t722h705513 7 5 was be VERB t722h705513 7 6 an an DET t722h705513 7 7 increase increase NOUN t722h705513 7 8 in in ADP t722h705513 7 9 the the DET t722h705513 7 10 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 7 11 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 7 12 mode mode NOUN t722h705513 7 13 called call VERB t722h705513 7 14 crawling crawling NOUN t722h705513 7 15 , , PUNCT t722h705513 7 16 mean mean ADJ t722h705513 7 17 square square ADJ t722h705513 7 18 displacement displacement NOUN t722h705513 7 19 , , PUNCT t722h705513 7 20 and and CCONJ t722h705513 7 21 mean mean VERB t722h705513 7 22 velocity velocity NOUN t722h705513 7 23 . . PUNCT t722h705513 8 1 this this DET t722h705513 8 2 tfp tfp ADJ t722h705513 8 3 - - PUNCT t722h705513 8 4 specific specific ADJ t722h705513 8 5 behavior behavior NOUN t722h705513 8 6 is be AUX t722h705513 8 7 further far ADV t722h705513 8 8 exaggerated exaggerated ADJ t722h705513 8 9 in in ADP t722h705513 8 10 the the DET t722h705513 8 11 & & CCONJ t722h705513 8 12 # # SYM t722h705513 8 13 916;flim 916;flim NUM t722h705513 8 14 mutant mutant NOUN t722h705513 8 15 , , PUNCT t722h705513 8 16 as as SCONJ t722h705513 8 17 this this DET t722h705513 8 18 flagellar flagellar ADJ t722h705513 8 19 mutant mutant NOUN t722h705513 8 20 is be AUX t722h705513 8 21 strictly strictly ADV t722h705513 8 22 tfp tfp ADJ t722h705513 8 23 - - PUNCT t722h705513 8 24 dependent dependent ADJ t722h705513 8 25 . . PUNCT t722h705513 9 1 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 9 2 starvation starvation NOUN t722h705513 9 3 was be AUX t722h705513 9 4 found find VERB t722h705513 9 5 to to PART t722h705513 9 6 affect affect VERB t722h705513 9 7 the the DET t722h705513 9 8 resultant resultant ADJ t722h705513 9 9 biofilm biofilm NOUN t722h705513 9 10 phenotype phenotype NOUN t722h705513 9 11 as as ADP t722h705513 9 12 homogeneous homogeneous ADJ t722h705513 9 13 flat flat ADJ t722h705513 9 14 biofilms biofilm NOUN t722h705513 9 15 formed form VERB t722h705513 9 16 under under ADP t722h705513 9 17 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 9 18 starvation starvation NOUN t722h705513 9 19 as as SCONJ t722h705513 9 20 compared compare VERB t722h705513 9 21 to to ADP t722h705513 9 22 the the DET t722h705513 9 23 structured structure VERB t722h705513 9 24 architecture architecture NOUN t722h705513 9 25 of of ADP t722h705513 9 26 biofilms biofilm NOUN t722h705513 9 27 that that PRON t722h705513 9 28 formed form VERB t722h705513 9 29 under under ADP t722h705513 9 30 ample ample ADJ t722h705513 9 31 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 9 32 conditions condition NOUN t722h705513 9 33 . . PUNCT t722h705513 10 1 the the DET t722h705513 10 2 influence influence NOUN t722h705513 10 3 of of ADP t722h705513 10 4 these these DET t722h705513 10 5 cations cation NOUN t722h705513 10 6 upon upon SCONJ t722h705513 10 7 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 10 8 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 10 9 at at ADP t722h705513 10 10 the the DET t722h705513 10 11 community community NOUN t722h705513 10 12 level level NOUN t722h705513 10 13 as as SCONJ t722h705513 10 14 determined determine VERB t722h705513 10 15 using use VERB t722h705513 10 16 standard standard ADJ t722h705513 10 17 twitch twitch NOUN t722h705513 10 18 and and CCONJ t722h705513 10 19 chemotactic chemotactic ADJ t722h705513 10 20 twitch twitch NOUN t722h705513 10 21 assays assay NOUN t722h705513 10 22 was be AUX t722h705513 10 23 unclear unclear ADJ t722h705513 10 24 , , PUNCT t722h705513 10 25 suggesting suggest VERB t722h705513 10 26 that that SCONJ t722h705513 10 27 the the DET t722h705513 10 28 effect effect NOUN t722h705513 10 29 of of ADP t722h705513 10 30 cations cation NOUN t722h705513 10 31 on on ADP t722h705513 10 32 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 10 33 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 10 34 are be AUX t722h705513 10 35 complicated complicated ADJ t722h705513 10 36 and and CCONJ t722h705513 10 37 dependent dependent ADJ t722h705513 10 38 upon upon SCONJ t722h705513 10 39 multiple multiple ADJ t722h705513 10 40 factors factor NOUN t722h705513 10 41 . . PUNCT t722h705513 11 1 the the DET t722h705513 11 2 affect affect NOUN t722h705513 11 3 of of ADP t722h705513 11 4 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 11 5 starvation starvation NOUN t722h705513 11 6 on on ADP t722h705513 11 7 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 11 8 was be AUX t722h705513 11 9 further far ADV t722h705513 11 10 characterized characterize VERB t722h705513 11 11 since since SCONJ t722h705513 11 12 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 11 13 has have VERB t722h705513 11 14 direct direct ADJ t722h705513 11 15 links link NOUN t722h705513 11 16 to to ADP t722h705513 11 17 virulence virulence NOUN t722h705513 11 18 and and CCONJ t722h705513 11 19 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 11 20 . . PUNCT t722h705513 12 1 several several ADJ t722h705513 12 2 types type NOUN t722h705513 12 3 of of ADP t722h705513 12 4 experimental experimental ADJ t722h705513 12 5 approaches approach NOUN t722h705513 12 6 were be AUX t722h705513 12 7 utilized utilize VERB t722h705513 12 8 in in ADP t722h705513 12 9 an an DET t722h705513 12 10 effort effort NOUN t722h705513 12 11 to to PART t722h705513 12 12 pinpoint pinpoint VERB t722h705513 12 13 a a DET t722h705513 12 14 specific specific ADJ t722h705513 12 15 gene gene NOUN t722h705513 12 16 and/or and/or CCONJ t722h705513 12 17 regulatory regulatory ADJ t722h705513 12 18 mechanism mechanism NOUN t722h705513 12 19 that that PRON t722h705513 12 20 would would AUX t722h705513 12 21 link link VERB t722h705513 12 22 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 12 23 response response NOUN t722h705513 12 24 with with ADP t722h705513 12 25 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 12 26 action action NOUN t722h705513 12 27 . . PUNCT t722h705513 13 1 there there PRON t722h705513 13 2 is be VERB t722h705513 13 3 a a DET t722h705513 13 4 clear clear ADJ t722h705513 13 5 population population NOUN t722h705513 13 6 effect effect NOUN t722h705513 13 7 under under ADP t722h705513 13 8 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 13 9 - - PUNCT t722h705513 13 10 starved starve VERB t722h705513 13 11 conditions condition NOUN t722h705513 13 12 as as SCONJ t722h705513 13 13 less less ADJ t722h705513 13 14 tfp tfp ADJ t722h705513 13 15 - - PUNCT t722h705513 13 16 dependent dependent ADJ t722h705513 13 17 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 13 18 is be AUX t722h705513 13 19 observed observe VERB t722h705513 13 20 at at ADP t722h705513 13 21 high high ADJ t722h705513 13 22 cell cell NOUN t722h705513 13 23 density density NOUN t722h705513 13 24 . . PUNCT t722h705513 14 1 swarming swarm VERB t722h705513 14 2 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 14 3 , , PUNCT t722h705513 14 4 which which PRON t722h705513 14 5 is be AUX t722h705513 14 6 a a DET t722h705513 14 7 flagellar flagellar ADJ t722h705513 14 8 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 14 9 influenced influence VERB t722h705513 14 10 by by ADP t722h705513 14 11 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 14 12 , , PUNCT t722h705513 14 13 is be AUX t722h705513 14 14 reduced reduce VERB t722h705513 14 15 under under ADP t722h705513 14 16 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 14 17 - - PUNCT t722h705513 14 18 starved starve VERB t722h705513 14 19 conditions condition NOUN t722h705513 14 20 . . PUNCT t722h705513 15 1 this this DET t722h705513 15 2 calcium calcium NOUN t722h705513 15 3 effect effect NOUN t722h705513 15 4 was be AUX t722h705513 15 5 determined determine VERB t722h705513 15 6 not not PART t722h705513 15 7 to to PART t722h705513 15 8 be be AUX t722h705513 15 9 related relate VERB t722h705513 15 10 to to ADP t722h705513 15 11 acyl acyl NOUN t722h705513 15 12 homoserine homoserine ADJ t722h705513 15 13 lactone lactone NOUN t722h705513 15 14 quorum quorum PROPN t722h705513 15 15 sensing sense VERB t722h705513 15 16 , , PUNCT t722h705513 15 17 rhamnolipid rhamnolipid NOUN t722h705513 15 18 production production NOUN t722h705513 15 19 , , PUNCT t722h705513 15 20 or or CCONJ t722h705513 15 21 the the DET t722h705513 15 22 tfp tfp PROPN t722h705513 15 23 retraction retraction NOUN t722h705513 15 24 gene gene NOUN t722h705513 15 25 pilu pilu PROPN t722h705513 15 26 . . PUNCT t722h705513 16 1 in in ADP t722h705513 16 2 separate separate ADJ t722h705513 16 3 experiments experiment NOUN t722h705513 16 4 , , PUNCT t722h705513 16 5 methods method NOUN t722h705513 16 6 were be AUX t722h705513 16 7 developed develop VERB t722h705513 16 8 to to PART t722h705513 16 9 allow allow VERB t722h705513 16 10 chemical chemical ADJ t722h705513 16 11 analysis analysis NOUN t722h705513 16 12 of of ADP t722h705513 16 13 p. p. PROPN t722h705513 16 14 aeruginosa aeruginosa PROPN t722h705513 16 15 biofilms biofilms PROPN t722h705513 16 16 . . PUNCT t722h705513 17 1 these these DET t722h705513 17 2 methods method NOUN t722h705513 17 3 allowed allow VERB t722h705513 17 4 for for ADP t722h705513 17 5 a a DET t722h705513 17 6 combination combination NOUN t722h705513 17 7 of of ADP t722h705513 17 8 confocal confocal ADJ t722h705513 17 9 raman raman NOUN t722h705513 17 10 microspectroscopy microspectroscopy NOUN t722h705513 17 11 ( ( PUNCT t722h705513 17 12 crm crm PROPN t722h705513 17 13 ) ) PUNCT t722h705513 17 14 and and CCONJ t722h705513 17 15 matrix matrix NOUN t722h705513 17 16 - - PUNCT t722h705513 17 17 assisted assist VERB t722h705513 17 18 laser laser NOUN t722h705513 17 19 desorption desorption NOUN t722h705513 17 20 ionization ionization NOUN t722h705513 17 21 mass mass NOUN t722h705513 17 22 spectrometry spectrometry NOUN t722h705513 17 23 ( ( PUNCT t722h705513 17 24 maldi maldi PROPN t722h705513 17 25 ms ms PROPN t722h705513 17 26 ) ) PUNCT t722h705513 17 27 to to PART t722h705513 17 28 analyze analyze VERB t722h705513 17 29 biofilms biofilm NOUN t722h705513 17 30 . . PUNCT t722h705513 18 1 a a DET t722h705513 18 2 method method NOUN t722h705513 18 3 was be AUX t722h705513 18 4 developed develop VERB t722h705513 18 5 to to PART t722h705513 18 6 enable enable VERB t722h705513 18 7 visualization visualization NOUN t722h705513 18 8 of of ADP t722h705513 18 9 individual individual ADJ t722h705513 18 10 twitching twitch VERB t722h705513 18 11 cells cell NOUN t722h705513 18 12 with with ADP t722h705513 18 13 confocal confocal ADJ t722h705513 18 14 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ t722h705513 18 15 microscopy microscopy NOUN t722h705513 18 16 using use VERB t722h705513 18 17 a a DET t722h705513 18 18 plate plate NOUN t722h705513 18 19 complex complex NOUN t722h705513 18 20 that that PRON t722h705513 18 21 has have AUX t722h705513 18 22 been be AUX t722h705513 18 23 used use VERB t722h705513 18 24 to to PART t722h705513 18 25 observe observe VERB t722h705513 18 26 tfp tfp ADJ t722h705513 18 27 - - PUNCT t722h705513 18 28 dependent dependent ADJ t722h705513 18 29 social social ADJ t722h705513 18 30 motility motility NOUN t722h705513 18 31 patterns pattern NOUN t722h705513 18 32 of of ADP t722h705513 18 33 myxococcus myxococcus PROPN t722h705513 18 34 xanthus xanthus PROPN t722h705513 18 35 . . PUNCT t722h705513 19 1 this this DET t722h705513 19 2 new new ADJ t722h705513 19 3 approach approach NOUN t722h705513 19 4 enables enable VERB t722h705513 19 5 researchers researcher NOUN t722h705513 19 6 to to PART t722h705513 19 7 better well ADV t722h705513 19 8 characterize characterize VERB t722h705513 19 9 twitching twitching NOUN t722h705513 19 10 and and CCONJ t722h705513 19 11 its its PRON t722h705513 19 12 role role NOUN t722h705513 19 13 in in ADP t722h705513 19 14 biofilm biofilm NOUN t722h705513 19 15 formation formation NOUN t722h705513 19 16 . . PUNCT