id sid tid token lemma pos sj13902290s 1 1 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 1 2 plays play VERB sj13902290s 1 3 important important ADJ sj13902290s 1 4 roles role NOUN sj13902290s 1 5 in in ADP sj13902290s 1 6 society society NOUN sj13902290s 1 7 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 2 1 in in ADP sj13902290s 2 2 particular particular ADJ sj13902290s 2 3 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 2 4 heterogeneous heterogeneous ADJ sj13902290s 2 5 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 2 6 has have AUX sj13902290s 2 7 proven prove VERB sj13902290s 2 8 to to PART sj13902290s 2 9 be be AUX sj13902290s 2 10 the the DET sj13902290s 2 11 cornerstone cornerstone NOUN sj13902290s 2 12 of of ADP sj13902290s 2 13 chemical chemical NOUN sj13902290s 2 14 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 2 15 energy energy NOUN sj13902290s 2 16 transformation transformation NOUN sj13902290s 2 17 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 2 18 e.g. e.g. ADV sj13902290s 2 19 petrole petrole PROPN sj13902290s 2 20 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 2 21 um um INTJ sj13902290s 2 22 refining refining NOUN sj13902290s 2 23 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 2 24 chemical chemical NOUN sj13902290s 2 25 production production NOUN sj13902290s 2 26 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 2 27 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 2 28 plays play VERB sj13902290s 2 29 a a DET sj13902290s 2 30 significant significant ADJ sj13902290s 2 31 role role NOUN sj13902290s 2 32 in in ADP sj13902290s 2 33 the the DET sj13902290s 2 34 development development NOUN sj13902290s 2 35 of of ADP sj13902290s 2 36 new new ADJ sj13902290s 2 37 technology technology NOUN sj13902290s 2 38 for for ADP sj13902290s 2 39 pollution pollution NOUN sj13902290s 2 40 control control NOUN sj13902290s 2 41 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 3 1 understanding understanding NOUN sj13902290s 3 2 of of ADP sj13902290s 3 3 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 3 4 requires require VERB sj13902290s 3 5 in in ADP sj13902290s 3 6 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 3 7 situ situ NOUN sj13902290s 3 8 / / SYM sj13902290s 3 9 operando operando NOUN sj13902290s 3 10 studies study NOUN sj13902290s 3 11 of of ADP sj13902290s 3 12 catalysts catalyst NOUN sj13902290s 3 13 in in ADP sj13902290s 3 14 their their PRON sj13902290s 3 15 working working NOUN sj13902290s 3 16 condition condition NOUN sj13902290s 3 17 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 4 1 this this DET sj13902290s 4 2 requirement requirement NOUN sj13902290s 4 3 is be AUX sj13902290s 4 4 non non ADJ sj13902290s 4 5 - - ADJ sj13902290s 4 6 trivial trivial ADJ sj13902290s 4 7 hence hence ADV sj13902290s 4 8 there there PRON sj13902290s 4 9 exist exist VERB sj13902290s 4 10 a a DET sj13902290s 4 11 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 4 12 materials material NOUN sj13902290s 4 13 gap gap NOUN sj13902290s 4 14 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 4 15 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 4 16 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 4 17 pressure pressure NOUN sj13902290s 4 18 gap gap NOUN sj13902290s 4 19 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 4 20 in in ADP sj13902290s 4 21 fundamental fundamental ADJ sj13902290s 4 22 studies study NOUN sj13902290s 4 23 of of ADP sj13902290s 4 24 heterogene heterogene ADJ sj13902290s 4 25 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 4 26 ous ous ADJ sj13902290s 4 27 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 4 28 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 5 1 attempt attempt NOUN sj13902290s 5 2 to to PART sj13902290s 5 3 narrow narrow VERB sj13902290s 5 4 this this DET sj13902290s 5 5 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 5 6 pressure pressure NOUN sj13902290s 5 7 gap gap NOUN sj13902290s 5 8 " " PUNCT sj13902290s 5 9 is be AUX sj13902290s 5 10 described describe VERB sj13902290s 5 11 in in ADP sj13902290s 5 12 this this DET sj13902290s 5 13 thesis thesis NOUN sj13902290s 5 14 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 6 1 through through ADP sj13902290s 6 2 development development NOUN sj13902290s 6 3 of of ADP sj13902290s 6 4 in in ADP sj13902290s 6 5 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 6 situ situ NOUN sj13902290s 6 7 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 6 8 characterization characterization NOUN sj13902290s 6 9 techniques technique NOUN sj13902290s 6 10 : : PUNCT sj13902290s 6 11 high high ADJ sj13902290s 6 12 temperature temperature NOUN sj13902290s 6 13 near near ADP sj13902290s 6 14 am am NOUN sj13902290s 6 15 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 16 bient bient ADJ sj13902290s 6 17 scanning scan VERB sj13902290s 6 18 tunneling tunneling NOUN sj13902290s 6 19 microscopy microscopy NOUN sj13902290s 6 20 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 6 21 ht ht NOUN sj13902290s 6 22 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 23 nap nap NOUN sj13902290s 6 24 stm stm NOUN sj13902290s 6 25 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 6 26 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 6 27 ambient ambient ADJ sj13902290s 6 28 pressure pressure NOUN sj13902290s 6 29 x x NOUN sj13902290s 6 30 - - NOUN sj13902290s 6 31 ray ray NOUN sj13902290s 6 32 photoe photoe NOUN sj13902290s 6 33 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 34 lectron lectron PROPN sj13902290s 6 35 spectroscopy spectroscopy NOUN sj13902290s 6 36 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 6 37 ap ap PROPN sj13902290s 6 38 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 39 xps xps PROPN sj13902290s 6 40 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 6 41 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 6 42 in in ADP sj13902290s 6 43 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 6 44 situ situ NOUN sj13902290s 6 45 studies study NOUN sj13902290s 6 46 of of ADP sj13902290s 6 47 catalysts catalyst NOUN sj13902290s 6 48 are be AUX sj13902290s 6 49 realized realize VERB sj13902290s 6 50 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 7 1 examples example NOUN sj13902290s 7 2 of of ADP sj13902290s 7 3 in in ADP sj13902290s 7 4 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 7 5 situ situ NOUN sj13902290s 7 6 studies study NOUN sj13902290s 7 7 using use VERB sj13902290s 7 8 these these DET sj13902290s 7 9 techniques technique NOUN sj13902290s 7 10 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 7 11 including include VERB sj13902290s 7 12 visualization visualization NOUN sj13902290s 7 13 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 7 14 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 7 15 chemistry chemistry NOUN sj13902290s 7 16 charac charac NOUN sj13902290s 7 17 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 7 18 terization terization NOUN sj13902290s 7 19 of of ADP sj13902290s 7 20 model model NOUN sj13902290s 7 21 catalysts catalyst NOUN sj13902290s 7 22 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 7 23 mono mono PROPN sj13902290s 7 24 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 7 25 metalic metalic NOUN sj13902290s 7 26 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 7 27 alloy alloy NOUN sj13902290s 7 28 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 7 29 at at ADP sj13902290s 7 30 atomic atomic ADJ sj13902290s 7 31 level level NOUN sj13902290s 7 32 under under ADP sj13902290s 7 33 co co ADJ sj13902290s 7 34 envi envi ADJ sj13902290s 7 35 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 7 36 ronment ronment NOUN sj13902290s 7 37 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 7 38 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 7 39 during during ADP sj13902290s 7 40 co co NOUN sj13902290s 7 41 oxidation oxidation NOUN sj13902290s 7 42 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 7 43 are be AUX sj13902290s 7 44 described describe VERB sj13902290s 7 45 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 8 1 the the DET sj13902290s 8 2 results result NOUN sj13902290s 8 3 reveal reveal VERB sj13902290s 8 4 a a DET sj13902290s 8 5 dynamic dynamic ADJ sj13902290s 8 6 atomic atomic ADJ sj13902290s 8 7 packing packing NOUN sj13902290s 8 8 at at ADP sj13902290s 8 9 the the DET sj13902290s 8 10 step step NOUN sj13902290s 8 11 edge edge NOUN sj13902290s 8 12 of of ADP sj13902290s 8 13 the the DET sj13902290s 8 14 pt(111 pt(111 ADJ sj13902290s 8 15 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 8 16 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 8 17 which which PRON sj13902290s 8 18 suggests suggest VERB sj13902290s 8 19 restructuring restructuring NOUN sj13902290s 8 20 of of ADP sj13902290s 8 21 step step NOUN sj13902290s 8 22 edges edge NOUN sj13902290s 8 23 of of ADP sj13902290s 8 24 metal metal NOUN sj13902290s 8 25 catalysts catalyst NOUN sj13902290s 8 26 under under ADP sj13902290s 8 27 reaction reaction NOUN sj13902290s 8 28 conditions condition NOUN sj13902290s 8 29 and and CCONJ sj13902290s 8 30 during during ADP sj13902290s 8 31 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 8 32 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 9 1 for for ADP sj13902290s 9 2 pt pt PROPN sj13902290s 9 3 / / SYM sj13902290s 9 4 cu cu PROPN sj13902290s 9 5 / / SYM sj13902290s 9 6 pt(111 pt(111 PROPN sj13902290s 9 7 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 9 8 near near ADP sj13902290s 9 9 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 9 10 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 9 11 alloy alloy NOUN sj13902290s 9 12 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 9 13 in in ADP sj13902290s 9 14 situ situ ADJ sj13902290s 9 15 studies study NOUN sj13902290s 9 16 using use VERB sj13902290s 9 17 hp hp PROPN sj13902290s 9 18 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 9 19 stm stm VERB sj13902290s 9 20 suggest suggest VERB sj13902290s 9 21 formation formation NOUN sj13902290s 9 22 of of ADP sj13902290s 9 23 nanoclusters nanocluster NOUN sj13902290s 9 24 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 9 25 like like ADJ sj13902290s 9 26 features feature NOUN sj13902290s 9 27 at at ADP sj13902290s 9 28 a a DET sj13902290s 9 29 relatively relatively ADV sj13902290s 9 30 high high ADJ sj13902290s 9 31 pressure pressure NOUN sj13902290s 9 32 of of ADP sj13902290s 9 33 co co PROPN sj13902290s 9 34 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 9 35 2 2 NUM sj13902290s 9 36 torr torr NOUN sj13902290s 9 37 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 9 38 at at ADP sj13902290s 9 39 room room NOUN sj13902290s 9 40 tempera tempera NOUN sj13902290s 9 41 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 9 42 ture ture NOUN sj13902290s 9 43 with with ADP sj13902290s 9 44 the the DET sj13902290s 9 45 restructured restructure VERB sj13902290s 9 46 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 9 47 being be AUX sj13902290s 9 48 active active ADJ sj13902290s 9 49 for for ADP sj13902290s 9 50 co co NOUN sj13902290s 9 51 oxidation oxidation NOUN sj13902290s 9 52 at at ADP sj13902290s 9 53 room room NOUN sj13902290s 9 54 temperature temperature NOUN sj13902290s 9 55 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 10 1 in in ADP sj13902290s 10 2 addition addition NOUN sj13902290s 10 3 , , PUNCT sj13902290s 10 4 rh(110 rh(110 ADJ sj13902290s 10 5 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 10 6 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 10 7 restructures restructure NOUN sj13902290s 10 8 from from ADP sj13902290s 10 9 the the DET sj13902290s 10 10 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 10 11 1 1 NUM sj13902290s 10 12 × × NOUN sj13902290s 10 13 2 2 NUM sj13902290s 10 14 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 10 15 phase phase NOUN sj13902290s 10 16 to to ADP sj13902290s 10 17 ( ( PUNCT sj13902290s 10 18 1 1 NUM sj13902290s 10 19 × × NOUN sj13902290s 10 20 1 1 NUM sj13902290s 10 21 ) ) PUNCT sj13902290s 10 22 phase phase NOUN sj13902290s 10 23 under under ADP sj13902290s 10 24 co co NOUN sj13902290s 10 25 oxidation oxidation NOUN sj13902290s 10 26 environment environment NOUN sj13902290s 10 27 at at ADP sj13902290s 10 28 torr torr NOUN sj13902290s 10 29 regime regime NOUN sj13902290s 10 30 . . PUNCT sj13902290s 11 1 these these DET sj13902290s 11 2 results result NOUN sj13902290s 11 3 overall overall ADV sj13902290s 11 4 demonstrate demonstrate VERB sj13902290s 11 5 the the DET sj13902290s 11 6 necessity necessity NOUN sj13902290s 11 7 of of ADP sj13902290s 11 8 in in ADP sj13902290s 11 9 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 11 10 situ situ NOUN sj13902290s 11 11 surface surface NOUN sj13902290s 11 12 characterization characterization NOUN sj13902290s 11 13 of of ADP sj13902290s 11 14 catalysts catalyst NOUN sj13902290s 11 15 for for ADP sj13902290s 11 16 comprehensive comprehensive ADJ sj13902290s 11 17 understanding understanding NOUN sj13902290s 11 18 of of ADP sj13902290s 11 19 het het NOUN sj13902290s 11 20 - - PUNCT sj13902290s 11 21 erogeneous erogeneous ADJ sj13902290s 11 22 catalysis catalysis NOUN sj13902290s 11 23 . . PUNCT