id sid tid token lemma pos h128nc6125h 1 1 the the DET h128nc6125h 1 2 discovery discovery NOUN h128nc6125h 1 3 of of ADP h128nc6125h 1 4 new new ADJ h128nc6125h 1 5 materials material NOUN h128nc6125h 1 6 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 1 7 the the DET h128nc6125h 1 8 improvement improvement NOUN h128nc6125h 1 9 of of ADP h128nc6125h 1 10 processing processing NOUN h128nc6125h 1 11 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 1 12 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 1 13 the the DET h128nc6125h 1 14 design design NOUN h128nc6125h 1 15 of of ADP h128nc6125h 1 16 new new ADJ h128nc6125h 1 17 devices device NOUN h128nc6125h 1 18 are be AUX h128nc6125h 1 19 the the DET h128nc6125h 1 20 three three NUM h128nc6125h 1 21 engines engine NOUN h128nc6125h 1 22 which which PRON h128nc6125h 1 23 boost boost VERB h128nc6125h 1 24 our our PRON h128nc6125h 1 25 modern modern ADJ h128nc6125h 1 26 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN h128nc6125h 1 27 industry industry NOUN h128nc6125h 1 28 . . PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 1 building building NOUN h128nc6125h 2 2 upon upon SCONJ h128nc6125h 2 3 previous previous ADJ h128nc6125h 2 4 work work NOUN h128nc6125h 2 5 at at ADP h128nc6125h 2 6 the the DET h128nc6125h 2 7 university university PROPN h128nc6125h 2 8 of of ADP h128nc6125h 2 9 notre notre PROPN h128nc6125h 2 10 dame dame NOUN h128nc6125h 2 11 on on ADP h128nc6125h 2 12 oxygen oxygen NOUN h128nc6125h 2 13 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 14 enhanced enhance VERB h128nc6125h 2 15 non non ADJ h128nc6125h 2 16 - - ADJ h128nc6125h 2 17 selective selective ADJ h128nc6125h 2 18 wet wet ADJ h128nc6125h 2 19 thermal thermal ADJ h128nc6125h 2 20 oxidation oxidation NOUN h128nc6125h 2 21 of of ADP h128nc6125h 2 22 low low ADJ h128nc6125h 2 23 al al PROPN h128nc6125h 2 24 content content PROPN h128nc6125h 2 25 iii iii NUM h128nc6125h 2 26 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 27 v v NOUN h128nc6125h 2 28 compound compound NOUN h128nc6125h 2 29 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN h128nc6125h 2 30 alloys alloy NOUN h128nc6125h 2 31 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 32 which which PRON h128nc6125h 2 33 has have AUX h128nc6125h 2 34 simplified simplify VERB h128nc6125h 2 35 the the DET h128nc6125h 2 36 fabrication fabrication NOUN h128nc6125h 2 37 of of ADP h128nc6125h 2 38 advanced advanced ADJ h128nc6125h 2 39 performance performance NOUN h128nc6125h 2 40 diode diode NOUN h128nc6125h 2 41 laser laser NOUN h128nc6125h 2 42 devices device NOUN h128nc6125h 2 43 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 44 this this DET h128nc6125h 2 45 work work NOUN h128nc6125h 2 46 has have AUX h128nc6125h 2 47 further far ADV h128nc6125h 2 48 expanded expand VERB h128nc6125h 2 49 the the DET h128nc6125h 2 50 application application NOUN h128nc6125h 2 51 of of ADP h128nc6125h 2 52 iii iii NUM h128nc6125h 2 53 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 54 v v NOUN h128nc6125h 2 55 native native ADJ h128nc6125h 2 56 oxides oxide NOUN h128nc6125h 2 57 in in ADP h128nc6125h 2 58 photonic photonic ADJ h128nc6125h 2 59 device device NOUN h128nc6125h 2 60 fabrication fabrication NOUN h128nc6125h 2 61 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 2 62 integration integration NOUN h128nc6125h 2 63 while while SCONJ h128nc6125h 2 64 stimulating stimulate VERB h128nc6125h 2 65 additional additional ADJ h128nc6125h 2 66 materials material NOUN h128nc6125h 2 67 related relate VERB h128nc6125h 2 68 discoveries.first discoveries.first ADV h128nc6125h 2 69 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 70 the the DET h128nc6125h 2 71 iii iii NUM h128nc6125h 2 72 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 2 73 v v NOUN h128nc6125h 2 74 native native ADJ h128nc6125h 2 75 oxides oxide NOUN h128nc6125h 2 76 grown grow VERB h128nc6125h 2 77 by by ADP h128nc6125h 2 78 our our PRON h128nc6125h 2 79 modified modify VERB h128nc6125h 2 80 wet wet ADJ h128nc6125h 2 81 thermal thermal ADJ h128nc6125h 2 82 method method NOUN h128nc6125h 2 83 are be AUX h128nc6125h 2 84 shown show VERB h128nc6125h 2 85 capable capable ADJ h128nc6125h 2 86 of of ADP h128nc6125h 2 87 improving improve VERB h128nc6125h 2 88 upon upon SCONJ h128nc6125h 2 89 existing exist VERB h128nc6125h 2 90 wafer wafer NOUN h128nc6125h 2 91 bonding bonding NOUN h128nc6125h 2 92 techniques technique NOUN h128nc6125h 2 93 . . PUNCT h128nc6125h 3 1 the the DET h128nc6125h 3 2 two two NUM h128nc6125h 3 3 flagship flagship NOUN h128nc6125h 3 4 compound compound NOUN h128nc6125h 3 5 semiconductors semiconductor NOUN h128nc6125h 3 6 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 3 7 gaas gaas NOUN h128nc6125h 3 8 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 3 9 inp inp NOUN h128nc6125h 3 10 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 3 11 have have AUX h128nc6125h 3 12 been be AUX h128nc6125h 3 13 successfully successfully ADV h128nc6125h 3 14 bonded bond VERB h128nc6125h 3 15 to to ADP h128nc6125h 3 16 si si PROPN h128nc6125h 3 17 substrates substrate NOUN h128nc6125h 3 18 using use VERB h128nc6125h 3 19 a a DET h128nc6125h 3 20 iii iii NUM h128nc6125h 3 21 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 3 22 v v NOUN h128nc6125h 3 23 native native ADJ h128nc6125h 3 24 oxide oxide NOUN h128nc6125h 3 25 as as ADP h128nc6125h 3 26 the the DET h128nc6125h 3 27 intermediate intermediate ADJ h128nc6125h 3 28 layer layer NOUN h128nc6125h 3 29 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 3 30 with with ADP h128nc6125h 3 31 potential potential ADJ h128nc6125h 3 32 applications application NOUN h128nc6125h 3 33 in in ADP h128nc6125h 3 34 erbium erbium NOUN h128nc6125h 3 35 doped doped NOUN h128nc6125h 3 36 waveguide waveguide NOUN h128nc6125h 3 37 amplifier amplifier ADJ h128nc6125h 3 38 fabrication fabrication NOUN h128nc6125h 3 39 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 3 40 in in ADP h128nc6125h 3 41 the the DET h128nc6125h 3 42 emerging emerge VERB h128nc6125h 3 43 silicon silicon NOUN h128nc6125h 3 44 photonics photonic NOUN h128nc6125h 3 45 field field NOUN h128nc6125h 3 46 . . PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 1 next next ADV h128nc6125h 4 2 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 3 an an DET h128nc6125h 4 4 unexpected unexpected ADJ h128nc6125h 4 5 gallium gallium NOUN h128nc6125h 4 6 oxide oxide NOUN h128nc6125h 4 7 film film NOUN h128nc6125h 4 8 transfer transfer NOUN h128nc6125h 4 9 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN h128nc6125h 4 10 observed observe VERB h128nc6125h 4 11 during during ADP h128nc6125h 4 12 wafer wafer NOUN h128nc6125h 4 13 bonding bonding NOUN h128nc6125h 4 14 of of ADP h128nc6125h 4 15 gaas gaas NOUN h128nc6125h 4 16 to to ADP h128nc6125h 4 17 si si PROPN h128nc6125h 4 18 has have AUX h128nc6125h 4 19 generated generate VERB h128nc6125h 4 20 a a DET h128nc6125h 4 21 promising promising ADJ h128nc6125h 4 22 future future ADJ h128nc6125h 4 23 research research NOUN h128nc6125h 4 24 opportunity opportunity NOUN h128nc6125h 4 25 in in ADP h128nc6125h 4 26 the the DET h128nc6125h 4 27 emerging emerge VERB h128nc6125h 4 28 hot hot ADJ h128nc6125h 4 29 area area NOUN h128nc6125h 4 30 of of ADP h128nc6125h 4 31 beta beta NOUN h128nc6125h 4 32 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 33 phase phase NOUN h128nc6125h 4 34 gallium gallium NOUN h128nc6125h 4 35 oxide oxide NOUN h128nc6125h 4 36 ( ( PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 37 b b NOUN h128nc6125h 4 38 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 39 ga2o3 ga2o3 NOUN h128nc6125h 4 40 ) ) PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 41 as as ADP h128nc6125h 4 42 a a DET h128nc6125h 4 43 wide wide ADJ h128nc6125h 4 44 bandgap bandgap NOUN h128nc6125h 4 45 semiconductor semiconductor NOUN h128nc6125h 4 46 material material NOUN h128nc6125h 4 47 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 48 useful useful ADJ h128nc6125h 4 49 for for ADP h128nc6125h 4 50 devices device NOUN h128nc6125h 4 51 such such ADJ h128nc6125h 4 52 as as ADP h128nc6125h 4 53 high high ADJ h128nc6125h 4 54 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 55 power power NOUN h128nc6125h 4 56 transistors transistor NOUN h128nc6125h 4 57 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 58 solar solar ADJ h128nc6125h 4 59 blind blind ADJ h128nc6125h 4 60 photodetectors photodetector NOUN h128nc6125h 4 61 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 4 62 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 4 63 gas gas NOUN h128nc6125h 4 64 sensing sense VERB h128nc6125h 4 65 devices device NOUN h128nc6125h 4 66 . . PUNCT h128nc6125h 5 1 furthermore furthermore ADV h128nc6125h 5 2 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 5 3 we we PRON h128nc6125h 5 4 present present VERB h128nc6125h 5 5 detailed detailed ADJ h128nc6125h 5 6 preliminary preliminary ADJ h128nc6125h 5 7 studies study NOUN h128nc6125h 5 8 on on ADP h128nc6125h 5 9 the the DET h128nc6125h 5 10 selective selective ADJ h128nc6125h 5 11 core core NOUN h128nc6125h 5 12 oxidation oxidation NOUN h128nc6125h 5 13 of of ADP h128nc6125h 5 14 telecommunications telecommunications NOUN h128nc6125h 5 15 wavelength wavelength NOUN h128nc6125h 5 16 inp inp NOUN h128nc6125h 5 17 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 5 18 based base VERB h128nc6125h 5 19 algainas algainas PROPN h128nc6125h 5 20 laser laser NOUN h128nc6125h 5 21 heterostructure heterostructure NOUN h128nc6125h 5 22 waveguides waveguide NOUN h128nc6125h 5 23 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 5 24 including include VERB h128nc6125h 5 25 two two NUM h128nc6125h 5 26 methods method NOUN h128nc6125h 5 27 for for ADP h128nc6125h 5 28 overcoming overcome VERB h128nc6125h 5 29 the the DET h128nc6125h 5 30 severe severe ADJ h128nc6125h 5 31 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 5 32 longstanding longstanding ADJ h128nc6125h 5 33 high high ADJ h128nc6125h 5 34 temperature temperature NOUN h128nc6125h 5 35 process process NOUN h128nc6125h 5 36 limitations limitation NOUN h128nc6125h 5 37 caused cause VERB h128nc6125h 5 38 by by ADP h128nc6125h 5 39 inp inp PROPN h128nc6125h 5 40 dissociation dissociation NOUN h128nc6125h 5 41 . . PUNCT h128nc6125h 6 1 using use VERB h128nc6125h 6 2 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 3 protection protection NOUN h128nc6125h 6 4 of of ADP h128nc6125h 6 5 ingaas ingaas NOUN h128nc6125h 6 6 epitaxial epitaxial ADJ h128nc6125h 6 7 regrowth regrowth NOUN h128nc6125h 6 8 or or CCONJ h128nc6125h 6 9 hfo2 hfo2 NOUN h128nc6125h 6 10 atomic atomic ADJ h128nc6125h 6 11 layer layer NOUN h128nc6125h 6 12 deposition deposition NOUN h128nc6125h 6 13 encapsulation encapsulation NOUN h128nc6125h 6 14 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 6 15 we we PRON h128nc6125h 6 16 have have AUX h128nc6125h 6 17 successfully successfully ADV h128nc6125h 6 18 selectively selectively ADV h128nc6125h 6 19 oxidized oxidize VERB h128nc6125h 6 20 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 21 waveguide waveguide NOUN h128nc6125h 6 22 core core NOUN h128nc6125h 6 23 , , PUNCT h128nc6125h 6 24 shrinking shrink VERB h128nc6125h 6 25 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 26 optical optical ADJ h128nc6125h 6 27 confinement confinement NOUN h128nc6125h 6 28 region region NOUN h128nc6125h 6 29 well well ADV h128nc6125h 6 30 below below ADP h128nc6125h 6 31 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 32 width width NOUN h128nc6125h 6 33 of of ADP h128nc6125h 6 34 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 35 lithographically lithographically ADV h128nc6125h 6 36 - - PUNCT h128nc6125h 6 37 defined define VERB h128nc6125h 6 38 etched etch VERB h128nc6125h 6 39 ridge ridge NOUN h128nc6125h 6 40 to to PART h128nc6125h 6 41 achieve achieve VERB h128nc6125h 6 42 a a DET h128nc6125h 6 43 single single ADJ h128nc6125h 6 44 mode mode NOUN h128nc6125h 6 45 waveguide waveguide NOUN h128nc6125h 6 46 geometry geometry NOUN h128nc6125h 6 47 suitable suitable ADJ h128nc6125h 6 48 for for ADP h128nc6125h 6 49 the the DET h128nc6125h 6 50 design design NOUN h128nc6125h 6 51 of of ADP h128nc6125h 6 52 both both CCONJ h128nc6125h 6 53 active active ADJ h128nc6125h 6 54 and and CCONJ h128nc6125h 6 55 passive passive ADJ h128nc6125h 6 56 algainas algaina NOUN h128nc6125h 6 57 / / SYM h128nc6125h 6 58 inp inp NOUN h128nc6125h 6 59 telecom telecom NOUN h128nc6125h 6 60 wavelength wavelength NOUN h128nc6125h 6 61 devices device NOUN h128nc6125h 6 62 . . PUNCT