id sid tid token lemma pos db78tb12r75 1 1 underactuated underactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 1 2 mechanical mechanical ADJ db78tb12r75 1 3 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 1 4 ( ( PUNCT db78tb12r75 1 5 ums ums PROPN db78tb12r75 1 6 ) ) PUNCT db78tb12r75 1 7 are be AUX db78tb12r75 1 8 mechanical mechanical ADJ db78tb12r75 1 9 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 1 10 with with ADP db78tb12r75 1 11 fewer few ADJ db78tb12r75 1 12 controls control NOUN db78tb12r75 1 13 than than ADP db78tb12r75 1 14 the the DET db78tb12r75 1 15 number number NOUN db78tb12r75 1 16 of of ADP db78tb12r75 1 17 configuration configuration NOUN db78tb12r75 1 18 states state NOUN db78tb12r75 1 19 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 2 1 the the DET db78tb12r75 2 2 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 2 3 have have VERB db78tb12r75 2 4 broad broad ADJ db78tb12r75 2 5 applications application NOUN db78tb12r75 2 6 in in ADP db78tb12r75 2 7 robotics robotic NOUN db78tb12r75 2 8 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 2 9 aerospace aerospace NOUN db78tb12r75 2 10 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 2 11 marine marine ADJ db78tb12r75 2 12 vehicles vehicle NOUN db78tb12r75 2 13 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 2 14 many many ADJ db78tb12r75 2 15 more more ADJ db78tb12r75 2 16 areas area NOUN db78tb12r75 2 17 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 1 the the DET db78tb12r75 3 2 application application NOUN db78tb12r75 3 3 examples example NOUN db78tb12r75 3 4 include include VERB db78tb12r75 3 5 bipedal bipedal ADJ db78tb12r75 3 6 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 7 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 8 quadruped quadrupe VERB db78tb12r75 3 9 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 10 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 11 flexible flexible ADJ db78tb12r75 3 12 - - PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 13 link link NOUN db78tb12r75 3 14 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 15 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 16 underactuated underactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 3 17 manipulators manipulator NOUN db78tb12r75 3 18 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 19 snake snake NOUN db78tb12r75 3 20 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 21 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 22 acrobatic acrobatic ADJ db78tb12r75 3 23 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 24 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 25 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 3 26 on on ADP db78tb12r75 3 27 a a DET db78tb12r75 3 28 mobile mobile ADJ db78tb12r75 3 29 platform platform NOUN db78tb12r75 3 30 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 31 spacecraft spacecraft NOUN db78tb12r75 3 32 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 33 unmanned unmanned ADJ db78tb12r75 3 34 aerial aerial ADJ db78tb12r75 3 35 vehicles vehicle NOUN db78tb12r75 3 36 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 3 37 surface surface NOUN db78tb12r75 3 38 vessels vessel NOUN db78tb12r75 3 39 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 3 40 underwater underwater ADJ db78tb12r75 3 41 vehicles vehicle NOUN db78tb12r75 3 42 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 1 the the DET db78tb12r75 4 2 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 4 3 generally generally ADV db78tb12r75 4 4 have have VERB db78tb12r75 4 5 highly highly ADV db78tb12r75 4 6 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ db78tb12r75 4 7 dynamics dynamic NOUN db78tb12r75 4 8 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 9 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 4 10 less less ADJ db78tb12r75 4 11 control control NOUN db78tb12r75 4 12 authority authority NOUN db78tb12r75 4 13 due due ADP db78tb12r75 4 14 to to ADP db78tb12r75 4 15 the the DET db78tb12r75 4 16 underactuation underactuation NOUN db78tb12r75 4 17 ; ; PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 18 furthermore furthermore ADV db78tb12r75 4 19 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 20 some some DET db78tb12r75 4 21 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 4 22 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 23 such such ADJ db78tb12r75 4 24 as as ADP db78tb12r75 4 25 bipedal bipedal ADJ db78tb12r75 4 26 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 4 27 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 4 28 include include VERB db78tb12r75 4 29 a a DET db78tb12r75 4 30 mixture mixture NOUN db78tb12r75 4 31 of of ADP db78tb12r75 4 32 continuous continuous ADJ db78tb12r75 4 33 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 4 34 discrete discrete ADJ db78tb12r75 4 35 dynamics dynamic NOUN db78tb12r75 4 36 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 4 37 multiple multiple ADJ db78tb12r75 4 38 switching switching NOUN db78tb12r75 4 39 events event NOUN db78tb12r75 4 40 among among ADP db78tb12r75 4 41 different different ADJ db78tb12r75 4 42 phases phase NOUN db78tb12r75 4 43 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 5 1 because because SCONJ db78tb12r75 5 2 of of ADP db78tb12r75 5 3 these these DET db78tb12r75 5 4 properties property NOUN db78tb12r75 5 5 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 5 6 control control NOUN db78tb12r75 5 7 of of ADP db78tb12r75 5 8 ums ums PROPN db78tb12r75 5 9 has have AUX db78tb12r75 5 10 been be AUX db78tb12r75 5 11 an an DET db78tb12r75 5 12 important important ADJ db78tb12r75 5 13 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 5 14 challenging challenging ADJ db78tb12r75 5 15 problem problem NOUN db78tb12r75 5 16 for for ADP db78tb12r75 5 17 years.the years.the DET db78tb12r75 5 18 dynamics dynamic NOUN db78tb12r75 5 19 of of ADP db78tb12r75 5 20 almost almost ADV db78tb12r75 5 21 all all PRON db78tb12r75 5 22 mechanical mechanical ADJ db78tb12r75 5 23 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 5 24 can can AUX db78tb12r75 5 25 be be AUX db78tb12r75 5 26 structured structure VERB db78tb12r75 5 27 into into ADP db78tb12r75 5 28 a a DET db78tb12r75 5 29 form form NOUN db78tb12r75 5 30 with with ADP db78tb12r75 5 31 a a DET db78tb12r75 5 32 distribution distribution NOUN db78tb12r75 5 33 of of ADP db78tb12r75 5 34 vector vector NOUN db78tb12r75 5 35 fields field NOUN db78tb12r75 5 36 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 5 37 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 5 38 control control NOUN db78tb12r75 5 39 of of ADP db78tb12r75 5 40 the the DET db78tb12r75 5 41 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 5 42 can can AUX db78tb12r75 5 43 be be AUX db78tb12r75 5 44 treated treat VERB db78tb12r75 5 45 as as ADP db78tb12r75 5 46 controlled control VERB db78tb12r75 5 47 flows flow NOUN db78tb12r75 5 48 on on ADP db78tb12r75 5 49 configuration configuration NOUN db78tb12r75 5 50 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 5 51 velocity velocity NOUN db78tb12r75 5 52 manifolds manifold NOUN db78tb12r75 5 53 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 6 1 a a DET db78tb12r75 6 2 major major ADJ db78tb12r75 6 3 contribution contribution NOUN db78tb12r75 6 4 of of ADP db78tb12r75 6 5 this this DET db78tb12r75 6 6 dissertation dissertation NOUN db78tb12r75 6 7 is be AUX db78tb12r75 6 8 thus thus ADV db78tb12r75 6 9 to to PART db78tb12r75 6 10 exploit exploit VERB db78tb12r75 6 11 geometric geometric ADJ db78tb12r75 6 12 approaches approach NOUN db78tb12r75 6 13 for for ADP db78tb12r75 6 14 control control NOUN db78tb12r75 6 15 of of ADP db78tb12r75 6 16 a a DET db78tb12r75 6 17 class class NOUN db78tb12r75 6 18 of of ADP db78tb12r75 6 19 ums ums PROPN db78tb12r75 6 20 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 6 21 which which PRON db78tb12r75 6 22 produces produce VERB db78tb12r75 6 23 general general ADJ db78tb12r75 6 24 fundamental fundamental ADJ db78tb12r75 6 25 results result NOUN db78tb12r75 6 26 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 7 1 first first ADV db78tb12r75 7 2 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 7 3 in in ADP db78tb12r75 7 4 contrast contrast NOUN db78tb12r75 7 5 with with ADP db78tb12r75 7 6 previous previous ADJ db78tb12r75 7 7 work work NOUN db78tb12r75 7 8 on on ADP db78tb12r75 7 9 controllability controllability NOUN db78tb12r75 7 10 of of ADP db78tb12r75 7 11 underactuated underactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 7 12 serial serial ADJ db78tb12r75 7 13 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 7 14 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 7 15 which which PRON db78tb12r75 7 16 mostly mostly ADV db78tb12r75 7 17 focused focus VERB db78tb12r75 7 18 only only ADV db78tb12r75 7 19 on on ADP db78tb12r75 7 20 a a DET db78tb12r75 7 21 specific specific ADJ db78tb12r75 7 22 number number NOUN db78tb12r75 7 23 of of ADP db78tb12r75 7 24 links link NOUN db78tb12r75 7 25 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 7 26 this this DET db78tb12r75 7 27 thesis thesis NOUN db78tb12r75 7 28 studies study VERB db78tb12r75 7 29 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ db78tb12r75 7 30 controllability controllability NOUN db78tb12r75 7 31 for for ADP db78tb12r75 7 32 a a DET db78tb12r75 7 33 general general ADJ db78tb12r75 7 34 n n VERB db78tb12r75 7 35 - - PUNCT db78tb12r75 7 36 link link NOUN db78tb12r75 7 37 serial serial ADJ db78tb12r75 7 38 robot robot NOUN db78tb12r75 7 39 with with ADP db78tb12r75 7 40 one one NUM db78tb12r75 7 41 unactuated unactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 7 42 joint joint NOUN db78tb12r75 7 43 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 1 second second ADV db78tb12r75 8 2 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 3 the the DET db78tb12r75 8 4 time time NOUN db78tb12r75 8 5 reversal reversal NOUN db78tb12r75 8 6 symmetry symmetry NOUN db78tb12r75 8 7 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 8 which which PRON db78tb12r75 8 9 is be AUX db78tb12r75 8 10 inherent inherent ADJ db78tb12r75 8 11 in in ADP db78tb12r75 8 12 many many ADJ db78tb12r75 8 13 mechanical mechanical ADJ db78tb12r75 8 14 systems system NOUN db78tb12r75 8 15 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 16 is be AUX db78tb12r75 8 17 exploited exploit VERB db78tb12r75 8 18 to to PART db78tb12r75 8 19 develop develop VERB db78tb12r75 8 20 a a DET db78tb12r75 8 21 general general ADJ db78tb12r75 8 22 control control NOUN db78tb12r75 8 23 framework framework NOUN db78tb12r75 8 24 for for ADP db78tb12r75 8 25 a a DET db78tb12r75 8 26 class class NOUN db78tb12r75 8 27 of of ADP db78tb12r75 8 28 ums ums PROPN db78tb12r75 8 29 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 30 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 8 31 the the DET db78tb12r75 8 32 almost almost ADV db78tb12r75 8 33 global global ADJ db78tb12r75 8 34 controllability controllability NOUN db78tb12r75 8 35 of of ADP db78tb12r75 8 36 the the DET db78tb12r75 8 37 method method NOUN db78tb12r75 8 38 is be AUX db78tb12r75 8 39 proved prove VERB db78tb12r75 8 40 by by ADP db78tb12r75 8 41 following follow VERB db78tb12r75 8 42 the the DET db78tb12r75 8 43 same same ADJ db78tb12r75 8 44 line line NOUN db78tb12r75 8 45 with with ADP db78tb12r75 8 46 lyapunov lyapunov PROPN db78tb12r75 8 47 's 's PART db78tb12r75 8 48 method.this method.this NOUN db78tb12r75 8 49 dissertation dissertation NOUN db78tb12r75 8 50 also also ADV db78tb12r75 8 51 addresses address VERB db78tb12r75 8 52 robustness robustness ADJ db78tb12r75 8 53 issues issue NOUN db78tb12r75 8 54 for for ADP db78tb12r75 8 55 underactuated underactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 8 56 bipedal bipedal ADJ db78tb12r75 8 57 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 8 58 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 8 59 which which PRON db78tb12r75 8 60 can can AUX db78tb12r75 8 61 be be AUX db78tb12r75 8 62 regarded regard VERB db78tb12r75 8 63 as as ADP db78tb12r75 8 64 some some DET db78tb12r75 8 65 balance balance NOUN db78tb12r75 8 66 between between ADP db78tb12r75 8 67 fully fully ADV db78tb12r75 8 68 actuated actuate VERB db78tb12r75 8 69 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 8 70 passive passive ADJ db78tb12r75 8 71 walking walking NOUN db78tb12r75 8 72 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 8 73 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 9 1 thus thus ADV db78tb12r75 9 2 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 9 3 the the DET db78tb12r75 9 4 underactuated underactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 9 5 biped biped NOUN db78tb12r75 9 6 makes make VERB db78tb12r75 9 7 a a DET db78tb12r75 9 8 promising promising ADJ db78tb12r75 9 9 solution solution NOUN db78tb12r75 9 10 to to PART db78tb12r75 9 11 balance balance VERB db78tb12r75 9 12 the the DET db78tb12r75 9 13 competing compete VERB db78tb12r75 9 14 issues issue NOUN db78tb12r75 9 15 of of ADP db78tb12r75 9 16 energy energy NOUN db78tb12r75 9 17 consumption consumption NOUN db78tb12r75 9 18 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 9 19 robustness robustness NOUN db78tb12r75 9 20 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 10 1 for for ADP db78tb12r75 10 2 the the DET db78tb12r75 10 3 biped biped NOUN db78tb12r75 10 4 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 10 5 the the DET db78tb12r75 10 6 coupling coupling NOUN db78tb12r75 10 7 between between ADP db78tb12r75 10 8 velocities velocity NOUN db78tb12r75 10 9 along along ADP db78tb12r75 10 10 the the DET db78tb12r75 10 11 actuated actuate VERB db78tb12r75 10 12 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 10 13 unactuated unactuated ADJ db78tb12r75 10 14 vector vector NOUN db78tb12r75 10 15 fields field NOUN db78tb12r75 10 16 has have AUX db78tb12r75 10 17 been be AUX db78tb12r75 10 18 exploited exploit VERB db78tb12r75 10 19 to to PART db78tb12r75 10 20 define define VERB db78tb12r75 10 21 a a DET db78tb12r75 10 22 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ db78tb12r75 10 23 coupling coupling NOUN db78tb12r75 10 24 metric metric NOUN db78tb12r75 10 25 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 10 26 which which PRON db78tb12r75 10 27 can can AUX db78tb12r75 10 28 be be AUX db78tb12r75 10 29 used use VERB db78tb12r75 10 30 to to PART db78tb12r75 10 31 quantitatively quantitatively ADV db78tb12r75 10 32 measure measure VERB db78tb12r75 10 33 the the DET db78tb12r75 10 34 robustness robustness NOUN db78tb12r75 10 35 of of ADP db78tb12r75 10 36 gaits gait NOUN db78tb12r75 10 37 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 11 1 considering consider VERB db78tb12r75 11 2 that that SCONJ db78tb12r75 11 3 bipeds bipeds PROPN db78tb12r75 11 4 will will AUX db78tb12r75 11 5 eventually eventually ADV db78tb12r75 11 6 walk walk VERB db78tb12r75 11 7 in in ADP db78tb12r75 11 8 unstructured unstructured ADJ db78tb12r75 11 9 natural natural ADJ db78tb12r75 11 10 environments environment NOUN db78tb12r75 11 11 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 11 12 this this DET db78tb12r75 11 13 thesis thesis NOUN db78tb12r75 11 14 further far ADV db78tb12r75 11 15 examines examine VERB db78tb12r75 11 16 the the DET db78tb12r75 11 17 problem problem NOUN db78tb12r75 11 18 of of ADP db78tb12r75 11 19 bipedal bipedal ADJ db78tb12r75 11 20 walking walk VERB db78tb12r75 11 21 on on ADP db78tb12r75 11 22 slippery slippery ADJ db78tb12r75 11 23 surfaces surface NOUN db78tb12r75 11 24 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 11 25 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 11 26 presents present VERB db78tb12r75 11 27 some some DET db78tb12r75 11 28 results result NOUN db78tb12r75 11 29 that that PRON db78tb12r75 11 30 illustrate illustrate VERB db78tb12r75 11 31 relationships relationship NOUN db78tb12r75 11 32 among among ADP db78tb12r75 11 33 gait gait NOUN db78tb12r75 11 34 features feature NOUN db78tb12r75 11 35 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 11 36 the the DET db78tb12r75 11 37 robustness robustness NOUN db78tb12r75 11 38 for for ADP db78tb12r75 11 39 walking walk VERB db78tb12r75 11 40 on on ADP db78tb12r75 11 41 slippery slippery ADJ db78tb12r75 11 42 surfaces surface NOUN db78tb12r75 11 43 . . PUNCT db78tb12r75 12 1 a a DET db78tb12r75 12 2 primary primary ADJ db78tb12r75 12 3 contribution contribution NOUN db78tb12r75 12 4 in in ADP db78tb12r75 12 5 this this DET db78tb12r75 12 6 aspect aspect NOUN db78tb12r75 12 7 is be AUX db78tb12r75 12 8 providing provide VERB db78tb12r75 12 9 a a DET db78tb12r75 12 10 nonlinear nonlinear ADJ db78tb12r75 12 11 mechanical mechanical ADJ db78tb12r75 12 12 coupling coupling NOUN db78tb12r75 12 13 metric metric NOUN db78tb12r75 12 14 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 12 15 some some DET db78tb12r75 12 16 design design NOUN db78tb12r75 12 17 insights insight NOUN db78tb12r75 12 18 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 12 19 such such ADJ db78tb12r75 12 20 as as ADP db78tb12r75 12 21 changing change VERB db78tb12r75 12 22 actuation actuation NOUN db78tb12r75 12 23 methods method NOUN db78tb12r75 12 24 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 12 25 adjusting adjust VERB db78tb12r75 12 26 the the DET db78tb12r75 12 27 center center NOUN db78tb12r75 12 28 of of ADP db78tb12r75 12 29 mass mass ADJ db78tb12r75 12 30 location location NOUN db78tb12r75 12 31 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 12 32 speeds speed NOUN db78tb12r75 12 33 and and CCONJ db78tb12r75 12 34 stride stride VERB db78tb12r75 12 35 lengths length NOUN db78tb12r75 12 36 , , PUNCT db78tb12r75 12 37 which which PRON db78tb12r75 12 38 can can AUX db78tb12r75 12 39 be be AUX db78tb12r75 12 40 used use VERB db78tb12r75 12 41 to to PART db78tb12r75 12 42 improve improve VERB db78tb12r75 12 43 the the DET db78tb12r75 12 44 robustness robustness NOUN db78tb12r75 12 45 of of ADP db78tb12r75 12 46 bipedal bipedal ADJ db78tb12r75 12 47 robots robot NOUN db78tb12r75 12 48 . . PUNCT