id sid tid token lemma pos 9019s18114q 1 1 the the DET 9019s18114q 1 2 traditional traditional ADJ 9019s18114q 1 3 method method NOUN 9019s18114q 1 4 for for ADP 9019s18114q 1 5 documenting document VERB 9019s18114q 1 6 a a DET 9019s18114q 1 7 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 1 8 involves involve VERB 9019s18114q 1 9 the the DET 9019s18114q 1 10 collection collection NOUN 9019s18114q 1 11 of of ADP 9019s18114q 1 12 audio audio NOUN 9019s18114q 1 13 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 1 14 video video NOUN 9019s18114q 1 15 sources source NOUN 9019s18114q 1 16 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 1 17 which which PRON 9019s18114q 1 18 are be AUX 9019s18114q 1 19 then then ADV 9019s18114q 1 20 annotated annotate VERB 9019s18114q 1 21 at at ADP 9019s18114q 1 22 multiple multiple ADJ 9019s18114q 1 23 granularity granularity NOUN 9019s18114q 1 24 levels level NOUN 9019s18114q 1 25 by by ADP 9019s18114q 1 26 trained train VERB 9019s18114q 1 27 linguists linguist NOUN 9019s18114q 1 28 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 2 1 this this PRON 9019s18114q 2 2 is be AUX 9019s18114q 2 3 a a DET 9019s18114q 2 4 painstaking painstaking NOUN 9019s18114q 2 5 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 2 6 time time NOUN 9019s18114q 2 7 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 2 8 consuming consume VERB 9019s18114q 2 9 process process NOUN 9019s18114q 2 10 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 2 11 which which PRON 9019s18114q 2 12 could could AUX 9019s18114q 2 13 benefit benefit VERB 9019s18114q 2 14 from from ADP 9019s18114q 2 15 machine machine NOUN 9019s18114q 2 16 learning learning NOUN 9019s18114q 2 17 techniques technique NOUN 9019s18114q 2 18 at at ADP 9019s18114q 2 19 almost almost ADV 9019s18114q 2 20 all all DET 9019s18114q 2 21 stages stage NOUN 9019s18114q 2 22 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 3 1 however however ADV 9019s18114q 3 2 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 3 3 most most ADJ 9019s18114q 3 4 existing exist VERB 9019s18114q 3 5 machine machine NOUN 9019s18114q 3 6 learning learning NOUN 9019s18114q 3 7 methods method NOUN 9019s18114q 3 8 are be AUX 9019s18114q 3 9 being be AUX 9019s18114q 3 10 developed develop VERB 9019s18114q 3 11 for for ADP 9019s18114q 3 12 high high ADJ 9019s18114q 3 13 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 3 14 resource resource NOUN 9019s18114q 3 15 languages language NOUN 9019s18114q 3 16 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 3 17 rely rely VERB 9019s18114q 3 18 on on ADP 9019s18114q 3 19 abundant abundant ADJ 9019s18114q 3 20 data datum NOUN 9019s18114q 3 21 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 3 22 rendering render VERB 9019s18114q 3 23 them they PRON 9019s18114q 3 24 unsuitable unsuitable ADJ 9019s18114q 3 25 for for ADP 9019s18114q 3 26 such such ADJ 9019s18114q 3 27 applications application NOUN 9019s18114q 3 28 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 4 1 at at ADP 9019s18114q 4 2 the the DET 9019s18114q 4 3 same same ADJ 9019s18114q 4 4 time time NOUN 9019s18114q 4 5 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 4 6 for for ADP 9019s18114q 4 7 many many ADJ 9019s18114q 4 8 low low ADJ 9019s18114q 4 9 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 4 10 resource resource NOUN 9019s18114q 4 11 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 4 12 endangered endangered PROPN 9019s18114q 4 13 languages language NOUN 9019s18114q 4 14 speech speech NOUN 9019s18114q 4 15 data datum NOUN 9019s18114q 4 16 is be AUX 9019s18114q 4 17 easier easy ADJ 9019s18114q 4 18 to to PART 9019s18114q 4 19 obtain obtain VERB 9019s18114q 4 20 than than ADP 9019s18114q 4 21 textual textual ADJ 9019s18114q 4 22 data datum NOUN 9019s18114q 4 23 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 4 24 particularly particularly ADV 9019s18114q 4 25 since since SCONJ 9019s18114q 4 26 most most ADJ 9019s18114q 4 27 of of ADP 9019s18114q 4 28 the the DET 9019s18114q 4 29 world world NOUN 9019s18114q 4 30 's 's PART 9019s18114q 4 31 languages language NOUN 9019s18114q 4 32 are be AUX 9019s18114q 4 33 unwritten unwritten VERB 9019s18114q 4 34 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 5 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV 9019s18114q 5 2 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 5 3 it it PRON 9019s18114q 5 4 is be AUX 9019s18114q 5 5 relatively relatively ADV 9019s18114q 5 6 easy easy ADJ 9019s18114q 5 7 to to PART 9019s18114q 5 8 provide provide VERB 9019s18114q 5 9 written write VERB 9019s18114q 5 10 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 5 11 spoken speak VERB 9019s18114q 5 12 translations translation NOUN 9019s18114q 5 13 for for ADP 9019s18114q 5 14 audio audio ADJ 9019s18114q 5 15 sources source NOUN 9019s18114q 5 16 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 5 17 as as SCONJ 9019s18114q 5 18 speakers speaker NOUN 9019s18114q 5 19 of of ADP 9019s18114q 5 20 a a DET 9019s18114q 5 21 minority minority NOUN 9019s18114q 5 22 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 5 23 are be AUX 9019s18114q 5 24 often often ADV 9019s18114q 5 25 bilingual bilingual ADJ 9019s18114q 5 26 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 5 27 literate literate ADJ 9019s18114q 5 28 in in ADP 9019s18114q 5 29 a a DET 9019s18114q 5 30 high high ADJ 9019s18114q 5 31 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 5 32 resource resource NOUN 9019s18114q 5 33 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 5 34 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 6 1 this this DET 9019s18114q 6 2 work work NOUN 9019s18114q 6 3 is be AUX 9019s18114q 6 4 aimed aim VERB 9019s18114q 6 5 at at ADP 9019s18114q 6 6 solving solve VERB 9019s18114q 6 7 certain certain ADJ 9019s18114q 6 8 problems problem NOUN 9019s18114q 6 9 that that PRON 9019s18114q 6 10 arise arise VERB 9019s18114q 6 11 in in ADP 9019s18114q 6 12 the the DET 9019s18114q 6 13 documentation documentation NOUN 9019s18114q 6 14 process process NOUN 9019s18114q 6 15 of of ADP 9019s18114q 6 16 an an DET 9019s18114q 6 17 endangered endangered ADJ 9019s18114q 6 18 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 6 19 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 6 20 due due ADP 9019s18114q 6 21 to to ADP 9019s18114q 6 22 the the DET 9019s18114q 6 23 minimal minimal ADJ 9019s18114q 6 24 annotated annotate VERB 9019s18114q 6 25 resources resource NOUN 9019s18114q 6 26 that that PRON 9019s18114q 6 27 are be AUX 9019s18114q 6 28 available available ADJ 9019s18114q 6 29 at at ADP 9019s18114q 6 30 this this DET 9019s18114q 6 31 stage stage NOUN 9019s18114q 6 32 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 1 this this DET 9019s18114q 7 2 dissertation dissertation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 3 mainly mainly ADV 9019s18114q 7 4 focuses focus VERB 9019s18114q 7 5 on on ADP 9019s18114q 7 6 spoken spoken PROPN 9019s18114q 7 7 corpora corpora PROPN 9019s18114q 7 8 of of ADP 9019s18114q 7 9 endangered endangered PROPN 9019s18114q 7 10 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 7 11 low low ADJ 9019s18114q 7 12 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 13 resource resource NOUN 9019s18114q 7 14 languages language NOUN 9019s18114q 7 15 with with ADP 9019s18114q 7 16 limited limited ADJ 9019s18114q 7 17 translation translation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 18 annotations annotation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 19 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 20 tackling tackle VERB 9019s18114q 7 21 problems problem NOUN 9019s18114q 7 22 that that PRON 9019s18114q 7 23 cover cover VERB 9019s18114q 7 24 every every DET 9019s18114q 7 25 layer layer NOUN 9019s18114q 7 26 of of ADP 9019s18114q 7 27 linguistic linguistic ADJ 9019s18114q 7 28 annotation annotation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 29 : : PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 30 speech speech NOUN 9019s18114q 7 31 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 32 to to ADP 9019s18114q 7 33 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 34 translation translation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 35 alignment alignment NOUN 9019s18114q 7 36 : : PUNCT 9019s18114q 7 37 we we PRON 9019s18114q 7 38 present present VERB 9019s18114q 7 39 an an DET 9019s18114q 7 40 unsupervised unsupervised ADJ 9019s18114q 7 41 method method NOUN 9019s18114q 7 42 for for ADP 9019s18114q 7 43 discovering discover VERB 9019s18114q 7 44 word word NOUN 9019s18114q 7 45 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 7 46 phrase phrase NOUN 9019s18114q 7 47 boundaries boundary NOUN 9019s18114q 7 48 in in ADP 9019s18114q 7 49 the the DET 9019s18114q 7 50 audio audio ADJ 9019s18114q 7 51 signal signal NOUN 9019s18114q 7 52 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 7 53 aligning align VERB 9019s18114q 7 54 the the DET 9019s18114q 7 55 discovered discover VERB 9019s18114q 7 56 segments segment NOUN 9019s18114q 7 57 with with ADP 9019s18114q 7 58 translation translation NOUN 9019s18114q 7 59 words word NOUN 9019s18114q 7 60 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 8 1 speech speech NOUN 9019s18114q 8 2 transcription transcription NOUN 9019s18114q 8 3 : : PUNCT 9019s18114q 8 4 we we PRON 9019s18114q 8 5 developed develop VERB 9019s18114q 8 6 two two NUM 9019s18114q 8 7 novel novel ADJ 9019s18114q 8 8 neural neural ADJ 9019s18114q 8 9 methods method NOUN 9019s18114q 8 10 for for ADP 9019s18114q 8 11 creating create VERB 9019s18114q 8 12 a a DET 9019s18114q 8 13 phoneme phoneme NOUN 9019s18114q 8 14 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 8 15 grapheme grapheme NOUN 9019s18114q 8 16 level level NOUN 9019s18114q 8 17 transcription transcription NOUN 9019s18114q 8 18 of of ADP 9019s18114q 8 19 the the DET 9019s18114q 8 20 audio audio NOUN 9019s18114q 8 21 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 8 22 also also ADV 9019s18114q 8 23 utilizing utilize VERB 9019s18114q 8 24 any any DET 9019s18114q 8 25 available available ADJ 9019s18114q 8 26 translations translation NOUN 9019s18114q 8 27 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 9 1 speech speech NOUN 9019s18114q 9 2 translation translation NOUN 9019s18114q 9 3 : : PUNCT 9019s18114q 9 4 our our PRON 9019s18114q 9 5 novel novel ADJ 9019s18114q 9 6 multitask multitask ADJ 9019s18114q 9 7 neural neural ADJ 9019s18114q 9 8 model model NOUN 9019s18114q 9 9 jointly jointly ADV 9019s18114q 9 10 produces produce VERB 9019s18114q 9 11 a a DET 9019s18114q 9 12 transcription transcription NOUN 9019s18114q 9 13 and and CCONJ 9019s18114q 9 14 a a DET 9019s18114q 9 15 ( ( PUNCT 9019s18114q 9 16 free free ADJ 9019s18114q 9 17 ) ) PUNCT 9019s18114q 9 18 translation translation NOUN 9019s18114q 9 19 of of ADP 9019s18114q 9 20 an an DET 9019s18114q 9 21 audio audio ADJ 9019s18114q 9 22 segment segment NOUN 9019s18114q 9 23 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 10 1 morphological morphological ADJ 9019s18114q 10 2 analysis analysis NOUN 9019s18114q 10 3 : : PUNCT 9019s18114q 10 4 producing produce VERB 9019s18114q 10 5 a a DET 9019s18114q 10 6 layer layer NOUN 9019s18114q 10 7 of of ADP 9019s18114q 10 8 annotation annotation NOUN 9019s18114q 10 9 that that PRON 9019s18114q 10 10 provides provide VERB 9019s18114q 10 11 word word NOUN 9019s18114q 10 12 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 10 13 level level NOUN 9019s18114q 10 14 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 10 15 morpheme morpheme NOUN 9019s18114q 10 16 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 10 17 level level NOUN 9019s18114q 10 18 information information NOUN 9019s18114q 10 19 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 11 1 in in ADP 9019s18114q 11 2 this this DET 9019s18114q 11 3 work work NOUN 9019s18114q 11 4 we we PRON 9019s18114q 11 5 focus focus VERB 9019s18114q 11 6 on on ADP 9019s18114q 11 7 grammatical grammatical ADJ 9019s18114q 11 8 ( ( PUNCT 9019s18114q 11 9 part part NOUN 9019s18114q 11 10 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 11 11 of of ADP 9019s18114q 11 12 - - PUNCT 9019s18114q 11 13 speech speech NOUN 9019s18114q 11 14 ) ) PUNCT 9019s18114q 11 15 tagging tag VERB 9019s18114q 11 16 on on ADP 9019s18114q 11 17 an an DET 9019s18114q 11 18 endangered endangered ADJ 9019s18114q 11 19 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 11 20 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 12 1 building build VERB 9019s18114q 12 2 off off ADP 9019s18114q 12 3 limited limited ADJ 9019s18114q 12 4 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 12 5 no no PRON 9019s18114q 12 6 annotations annotation NOUN 9019s18114q 12 7 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 12 8 our our PRON 9019s18114q 12 9 methods method NOUN 9019s18114q 12 10 are be AUX 9019s18114q 12 11 capable capable ADJ 9019s18114q 12 12 of of ADP 9019s18114q 12 13 producing produce VERB 9019s18114q 12 14 helpful helpful ADJ 9019s18114q 12 15 suggestions suggestion NOUN 9019s18114q 12 16 for for ADP 9019s18114q 12 17 word word NOUN 9019s18114q 12 18 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 12 19 phrase phrase NOUN 9019s18114q 12 20 boundaries boundary NOUN 9019s18114q 12 21 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 12 22 as as ADV 9019s18114q 12 23 well well ADV 9019s18114q 12 24 as as ADP 9019s18114q 12 25 transcriptions transcription NOUN 9019s18114q 12 26 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 12 27 translations translation NOUN 9019s18114q 12 28 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 12 29 or or CCONJ 9019s18114q 12 30 grammatical grammatical ADJ 9019s18114q 12 31 tags tag NOUN 9019s18114q 12 32 . . PUNCT 9019s18114q 13 1 as as ADP 9019s18114q 13 2 a a DET 9019s18114q 13 3 result result NOUN 9019s18114q 13 4 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 13 5 our our PRON 9019s18114q 13 6 work work NOUN 9019s18114q 13 7 provides provide VERB 9019s18114q 13 8 the the DET 9019s18114q 13 9 machine machine NOUN 9019s18114q 13 10 learning learn VERB 9019s18114q 13 11 methods method NOUN 9019s18114q 13 12 that that PRON 9019s18114q 13 13 could could AUX 9019s18114q 13 14 form form VERB 9019s18114q 13 15 the the DET 9019s18114q 13 16 backbone backbone NOUN 9019s18114q 13 17 of of ADP 9019s18114q 13 18 a a DET 9019s18114q 13 19 modern modern ADJ 9019s18114q 13 20 linguistic linguistic ADJ 9019s18114q 13 21 annotation annotation NOUN 9019s18114q 13 22 toolkit toolkit NOUN 9019s18114q 13 23 , , PUNCT 9019s18114q 13 24 one one NUM 9019s18114q 13 25 that that PRON 9019s18114q 13 26 could could AUX 9019s18114q 13 27 have have VERB 9019s18114q 13 28 the the DET 9019s18114q 13 29 potential potential NOUN 9019s18114q 13 30 to to PART 9019s18114q 13 31 significantly significantly ADV 9019s18114q 13 32 accelerate accelerate VERB 9019s18114q 13 33 the the DET 9019s18114q 13 34 language language NOUN 9019s18114q 13 35 documentation documentation NOUN 9019s18114q 13 36 process process NOUN 9019s18114q 13 37 . . PUNCT