id sid tid token lemma pos 8s45q813n68 1 1 single single ADJ 8s45q813n68 1 2 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 1 3 molecule molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 4 studies study NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 5 with with ADP 8s45q813n68 1 6 optical optical ADJ 8s45q813n68 1 7 techniques technique NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 8 have have AUX 8s45q813n68 1 9 become become VERB 8s45q813n68 1 10 instrumental instrumental ADJ 8s45q813n68 1 11 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 1 12 shedding shed VERB 8s45q813n68 1 13 light light NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 14 upon upon SCONJ 8s45q813n68 1 15 the the DET 8s45q813n68 1 16 heterogeneities heterogeneity NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 17 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 1 18 molecular molecular ADJ 8s45q813n68 1 19 property property NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 20 distributions distribution NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 21 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 1 22 which which PRON 8s45q813n68 1 23 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 1 24 averaged average VERB 8s45q813n68 1 25 out out ADP 8s45q813n68 1 26 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 1 27 ensemble ensemble ADJ 8s45q813n68 1 28 measurements measurement NOUN 8s45q813n68 1 29 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 1 gaining gain VERB 8s45q813n68 2 2 insights insight NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 3 into into ADP 8s45q813n68 2 4 the the DET 8s45q813n68 2 5 nature nature NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 6 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 2 7 magnitude magnitude NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 8 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 2 9 such such ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 10 heterogeneities heterogeneity NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 11 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 2 12 molecular molecular ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 13 systems system NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 14 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 15 particularly particularly ADV 8s45q813n68 2 16 when when SCONJ 8s45q813n68 2 17 they they PRON 8s45q813n68 2 18 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 2 19 subject subject ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 20 to to ADP 8s45q813n68 2 21 anisotropic anisotropic NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 22 chemical chemical NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 23 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 24 optical optical ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 25 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 26 electrical electrical ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 27 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 28 or or CCONJ 8s45q813n68 2 29 other other ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 30 perturbations perturbation NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 31 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 2 32 has have VERB 8s45q813n68 2 33 important important ADJ 8s45q813n68 2 34 implications implication NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 35 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 2 36 the the DET 8s45q813n68 2 37 design design NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 38 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 2 39 targeted target VERB 8s45q813n68 2 40 detection detection NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 41 schemes scheme NOUN 8s45q813n68 2 42 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 1 strategies strategy NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 2 that that PRON 8s45q813n68 3 3 enable enable VERB 8s45q813n68 3 4 detection detection NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 5 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 3 6 manipulation manipulation NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 7 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 3 8 subpopulations subpopulation NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 9 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 3 10 molecules molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 11 have have VERB 8s45q813n68 3 12 the the DET 8s45q813n68 3 13 potential potential NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 14 to to PART 8s45q813n68 3 15 contribute contribute VERB 8s45q813n68 3 16 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 3 17 transformational transformational ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 18 ways way NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 19 to to ADP 8s45q813n68 3 20 lab lab NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 21 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 22 on on ADP 8s45q813n68 3 23 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 24 a a DET 8s45q813n68 3 25 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 26 chip chip NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 27 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 28 loc loc PROPN 8s45q813n68 3 29 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 30 analytical analytical ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 31 systems system NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 32 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 3 33 point point NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 34 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 35 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 3 36 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 37 care care NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 38 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 39 poc poc X 8s45q813n68 3 40 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 41 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 42 devices.the devices.the DET 8s45q813n68 3 43 work work NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 44 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 3 45 this this DET 8s45q813n68 3 46 dissertation dissertation NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 47 aims aim VERB 8s45q813n68 3 48 to to PART 8s45q813n68 3 49 provide provide VERB 8s45q813n68 3 50 a a DET 8s45q813n68 3 51 novel novel ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 52 approach approach NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 53 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 3 54 the the DET 8s45q813n68 3 55 electrochemical electrochemical ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 56 manipulation manipulation NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 57 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 3 58 redox redox ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 59 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 3 60 active active ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 61 fluorophores fluorophore NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 62 coupled couple VERB 8s45q813n68 3 63 with with ADP 8s45q813n68 3 64 spectroscopic spectroscopic ADJ 8s45q813n68 3 65 measurements measurement NOUN 8s45q813n68 3 66 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 1 the the DET 8s45q813n68 4 2 design design NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 3 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 4 construction construction NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 5 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 6 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 4 7 utilization utilization NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 8 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 4 9 a a DET 8s45q813n68 4 10 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ 8s45q813n68 4 11 correlation correlation NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 12 spectroscopy spectroscopy NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 13 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 14 fcs fcs ADJ 8s45q813n68 4 15 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 16 optical optical ADJ 8s45q813n68 4 17 system system NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 18 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 4 19 the the DET 8s45q813n68 4 20 measurement measurement NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 21 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 4 22 freely freely ADV 8s45q813n68 4 23 diffusing diffuse VERB 8s45q813n68 4 24 single single ADJ 8s45q813n68 4 25 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 4 26 molecules molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 27 form form VERB 8s45q813n68 4 28 the the DET 8s45q813n68 4 29 basis basis NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 30 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 4 31 more more ADV 8s45q813n68 4 32 advanced advanced ADJ 8s45q813n68 4 33 studies study NOUN 8s45q813n68 4 34 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 5 1 piezoelectric piezoelectric ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 2 stages stage NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 3 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 5 4 nanometer nanometer NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 5 spatial spatial ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 6 resolution resolution NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 7 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 5 8 advanced advanced ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 9 acquisition acquisition NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 10 hardware hardware NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 11 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 5 12 sub sub ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 13 - - ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 14 nanosecond nanosecond ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 15 temporal temporal ADJ 8s45q813n68 5 16 resolution resolution NOUN 8s45q813n68 5 17 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 5 18 implemented implement VERB 8s45q813n68 5 19 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 1 the the DET 8s45q813n68 6 2 fabrication fabrication NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 3 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 6 4 au au ADV 8s45q813n68 6 5 - - ADJ 8s45q813n68 6 6 clad clothe VERB 8s45q813n68 6 7 zero zero NUM 8s45q813n68 6 8 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 9 mode mode NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 10 waveguide waveguide NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 11 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 12 zmw zmw NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 13 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 14 arrays array NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 15 by by ADP 8s45q813n68 6 16 focused focused ADJ 8s45q813n68 6 17 ion ion NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 18 beam beam NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 19 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 20 fib fib NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 21 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 6 22 milling milling NOUN 8s45q813n68 6 23 is be AUX 8s45q813n68 6 24 described describe VERB 8s45q813n68 6 25 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 1 simulations simulation NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 2 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 7 3 the the DET 8s45q813n68 7 4 decay decay NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 5 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 7 6 the the DET 8s45q813n68 7 7 optical optical ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 8 field field NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 9 within within ADP 8s45q813n68 7 10 zmws zmws NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 11 support support VERB 8s45q813n68 7 12 the the DET 8s45q813n68 7 13 basis basis NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 14 for for ADP 8s45q813n68 7 15 single single ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 16 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 17 molecule molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 18 experiments.spectroelectrochemical experiments.spectroelectrochemical ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 19 measurements measurement NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 20 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 7 21 the the DET 8s45q813n68 7 22 redox redox ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 23 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 24 active active ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 25 fluorophore fluorophore NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 26 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 27 flavin flavin NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 28 mononucleotide mononucleotide PROPN 8s45q813n68 7 29 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 30 fmn fmn PROPN 8s45q813n68 7 31 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 32 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 33 were be AUX 8s45q813n68 7 34 performed perform VERB 8s45q813n68 7 35 at at ADP 8s45q813n68 7 36 single single ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 37 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 38 molecule molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 39 concentrations concentration NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 40 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 7 41 a a DET 8s45q813n68 7 42 bulk bulk ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 43 solution solution NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 44 above above ADP 8s45q813n68 7 45 an an DET 8s45q813n68 7 46 indium indium NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 47 tin tin NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 48 oxide oxide NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 49 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 50 ito ito PROPN 8s45q813n68 7 51 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 52 electrode electrode NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 53 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 7 54 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 7 55 the the DET 8s45q813n68 7 56 approximately approximately ADV 8s45q813n68 7 57 200 200 NUM 8s45q813n68 7 58 zl zl NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 59 observation observation NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 60 volumes volume NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 61 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 7 62 individual individual ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 63 electrochemical electrochemical ADJ 8s45q813n68 7 64 zmws zmws NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 65 ( ( PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 66 e e NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 67 - - NOUN 8s45q813n68 7 68 zmws zmws VERB 8s45q813n68 7 69 ) ) PUNCT 8s45q813n68 7 70 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 8 1 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ 8s45q813n68 8 2 analogs analog NOUN 8s45q813n68 8 3 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 8 4 standard standard ADJ 8s45q813n68 8 5 electrochemical electrochemical ADJ 8s45q813n68 8 6 experiments experiment NOUN 8s45q813n68 8 7 were be AUX 8s45q813n68 8 8 implemented implement VERB 8s45q813n68 8 9 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 9 1 these these PRON 8s45q813n68 9 2 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 9 3 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ 8s45q813n68 9 4 emission emission NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 5 under under ADP 8s45q813n68 9 6 static static ADJ 8s45q813n68 9 7 control control NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 8 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 9 9 chronofluorometry chronofluorometry NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 10 as as ADP 8s45q813n68 9 11 analogs analog NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 12 to to ADP 8s45q813n68 9 13 amperometry amperometry NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 14 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 9 15 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 9 16 cyclic cyclic VERB 8s45q813n68 9 17 potential potential ADJ 8s45q813n68 9 18 sweep sweep NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 19 fluorometry fluorometry NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 20 as as ADP 8s45q813n68 9 21 an an DET 8s45q813n68 9 22 analog analog NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 23 to to PART 8s45q813n68 9 24 cyclic cyclic VERB 8s45q813n68 9 25 voltammetry voltammetry NOUN 8s45q813n68 9 26 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 10 1 a a DET 8s45q813n68 10 2 long long ADV 8s45q813n68 10 3 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 10 4 lived live VERB 8s45q813n68 10 5 semiquinone semiquinone ADJ 8s45q813n68 10 6 state state NOUN 8s45q813n68 10 7 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 10 8 fmn fmn PROPN 8s45q813n68 10 9 was be AUX 8s45q813n68 10 10 stabilized stabilize VERB 8s45q813n68 10 11 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 10 12 observed observe VERB 8s45q813n68 10 13 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 10 14 a a DET 8s45q813n68 10 15 zmw zmw NOUN 8s45q813n68 10 16 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 11 1 the the DET 8s45q813n68 11 2 work work NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 3 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 11 4 this this DET 8s45q813n68 11 5 dissertation dissertation NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 6 represents represent VERB 8s45q813n68 11 7 the the DET 8s45q813n68 11 8 first first ADJ 8s45q813n68 11 9 single single ADJ 8s45q813n68 11 10 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 11 11 molecule molecule NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 12 spectroelectrochemistry spectroelectrochemistry NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 13 investigations investigation NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 14 in in ADP 8s45q813n68 11 15 an an DET 8s45q813n68 11 16 e e NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 17 - - ADJ 8s45q813n68 11 18 zmw zmw ADJ 8s45q813n68 11 19 nanophotonic nanophotonic ADJ 8s45q813n68 11 20 structure structure NOUN 8s45q813n68 11 21 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 12 1 means mean NOUN 8s45q813n68 12 2 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 12 3 improving improve VERB 8s45q813n68 12 4 the the DET 8s45q813n68 12 5 performance performance NOUN 8s45q813n68 12 6 of of ADP 8s45q813n68 12 7 the the DET 8s45q813n68 12 8 fcs fcs ADJ 8s45q813n68 12 9 optical optical ADJ 8s45q813n68 12 10 system system NOUN 8s45q813n68 12 11 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 12 12 expanding expand VERB 8s45q813n68 12 13 its its PRON 8s45q813n68 12 14 capabilities capability NOUN 8s45q813n68 12 15 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 12 16 explored explore VERB 8s45q813n68 12 17 . . PUNCT 8s45q813n68 13 1 experimental experimental ADJ 8s45q813n68 13 2 modifications modification NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 3 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 13 4 device device NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 5 design design NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 6 variations variation NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 7 , , PUNCT 8s45q813n68 13 8 and and CCONJ 8s45q813n68 13 9 other other ADJ 8s45q813n68 13 10 possible possible ADJ 8s45q813n68 13 11 redox redox ADJ 8s45q813n68 13 12 - - PUNCT 8s45q813n68 13 13 active active ADJ 8s45q813n68 13 14 chemical chemical NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 15 systems system NOUN 8s45q813n68 13 16 are be AUX 8s45q813n68 13 17 discussed discuss VERB 8s45q813n68 13 18 . . PUNCT