id sid tid token lemma pos 44558c99g9c 1 1 the the DET 44558c99g9c 1 2 localization localization NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 3 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 1 4 optical optical ADJ 44558c99g9c 1 5 fields field NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 6 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 1 7 a a DET 44558c99g9c 1 8 powerful powerful ADJ 44558c99g9c 1 9 method method NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 10 to to PART 44558c99g9c 1 11 reduce reduce VERB 44558c99g9c 1 12 spectroscopic spectroscopic ADJ 44558c99g9c 1 13 background background NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 14 signals signal NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 15 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 1 16 enable enable VERB 44558c99g9c 1 17 studies study NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 18 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 1 19 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 1 20 fluorescent fluorescent NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 21 molecules molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 1 22 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 1 zero zero NUM 44558c99g9c 2 2 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 3 mode mode NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 4 waveguides waveguide NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 5 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 6 zmws zmws NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 7 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 8 strongly strongly ADV 44558c99g9c 2 9 confine confine ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 10 optical optical ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 11 fields field NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 12 to to PART 44558c99g9c 2 13 zeptoliter zeptoliter NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 14 volumes volume NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 15 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 2 16 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 2 17 coupled couple VERB 44558c99g9c 2 18 with with ADP 44558c99g9c 2 19 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 20 microscopy microscopy NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 21 to to PART 44558c99g9c 2 22 study study VERB 44558c99g9c 2 23 the the DET 44558c99g9c 2 24 dynamics dynamic NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 25 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 2 26 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 27 enzyme enzyme NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 28 molecules molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 29 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 30 due due ADP 44558c99g9c 2 31 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 2 32 their their PRON 44558c99g9c 2 33 excellent excellent ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 34 optical optical ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 35 confinement confinement NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 36 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 37 precise precise ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 38 positioning positioning NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 39 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 2 40 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 2 41 massive massive ADJ 44558c99g9c 2 42 parallelism parallelism NOUN 44558c99g9c 2 43 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 3 1 the the DET 44558c99g9c 3 2 work work NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 3 presented present VERB 44558c99g9c 3 4 exploits exploit NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 5 arrays array NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 6 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 3 7 au au ADV 44558c99g9c 3 8 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 3 9 based base VERB 44558c99g9c 3 10 nanopores nanopore NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 11 derivatized derivatize VERB 44558c99g9c 3 12 with with ADP 44558c99g9c 3 13 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 3 14 copies copy NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 15 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 3 16 the the DET 44558c99g9c 3 17 redox redox ADJ 44558c99g9c 3 18 enzyme enzyme NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 19 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 3 20 monomeric monomeric ADJ 44558c99g9c 3 21 sarcosine sarcosine NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 22 oxidase oxidase NOUN 44558c99g9c 3 23 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 3 24 msox msox PROPN 44558c99g9c 3 25 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 3 26 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 4 1 msox msox PROPN 44558c99g9c 4 2 contains contain VERB 44558c99g9c 4 3 a a DET 44558c99g9c 4 4 covalently covalently ADV 44558c99g9c 4 5 bound bind VERB 44558c99g9c 4 6 flavin flavin NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 7 adenine adenine NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 8 dinucleotide dinucleotide PROPN 44558c99g9c 4 9 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 4 10 fad fad PROPN 44558c99g9c 4 11 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 4 12 cofactor cofactor NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 13 which which PRON 44558c99g9c 4 14 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 4 15 highly highly ADV 44558c99g9c 4 16 fluorescent fluorescent ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 17 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 4 18 the the DET 44558c99g9c 4 19 oxidized oxidized ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 20 state state NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 21 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 4 22 dark dark ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 23 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 4 24 the the DET 44558c99g9c 4 25 reduced reduced ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 26 state state NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 27 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 4 28 thus thus ADV 44558c99g9c 4 29 producing produce VERB 44558c99g9c 4 30 a a DET 44558c99g9c 4 31 characteristic characteristic NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 32 on on ADP 44558c99g9c 4 33 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 4 34 off off ADP 44558c99g9c 4 35 fluorescence fluorescence ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 36 signal signal NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 37 synchronous synchronous ADJ 44558c99g9c 4 38 with with ADP 44558c99g9c 4 39 transitions transition NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 40 between between ADP 44558c99g9c 4 41 oxidation oxidation NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 42 states state NOUN 44558c99g9c 4 43 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 5 1 although although SCONJ 44558c99g9c 5 2 al al PROPN 44558c99g9c 5 3 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 5 4 the the DET 44558c99g9c 5 5 common common ADJ 44558c99g9c 5 6 choice choice NOUN 44558c99g9c 5 7 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 5 8 metallic metallic ADJ 44558c99g9c 5 9 overlayer overlayer NOUN 44558c99g9c 5 10 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 5 11 zmw zmw ADJ 44558c99g9c 5 12 construction construction NOUN 44558c99g9c 5 13 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 5 14 au au X 44558c99g9c 5 15 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 5 16 used use VERB 44558c99g9c 5 17 here here ADV 44558c99g9c 5 18 to to PART 44558c99g9c 5 19 access access VERB 44558c99g9c 5 20 its its PRON 44558c99g9c 5 21 unique unique ADJ 44558c99g9c 5 22 surface surface NOUN 44558c99g9c 5 23 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 5 24 binding bind VERB 44558c99g9c 5 25 chemistry chemistry NOUN 44558c99g9c 5 26 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 6 1 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 6 2 particular particular ADJ 44558c99g9c 6 3 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 6 4 the the DET 44558c99g9c 6 5 signal signal NOUN 44558c99g9c 6 6 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 6 7 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 6 8 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 6 9 noise noise NOUN 44558c99g9c 6 10 ratio ratio NOUN 44558c99g9c 6 11 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 6 12 improved improve VERB 44558c99g9c 6 13 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 6 14 au au ADV 44558c99g9c 6 15 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 6 16 based base VERB 44558c99g9c 6 17 zmws zmws NOUN 44558c99g9c 6 18 by by ADP 44558c99g9c 6 19 selective selective ADJ 44558c99g9c 6 20 au au PROPN 44558c99g9c 6 21 passivation passivation NOUN 44558c99g9c 6 22 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 1 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 7 2 msox msox PROPN 44558c99g9c 7 3 reactions reaction NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 4 involving involve VERB 44558c99g9c 7 5 both both CCONJ 44558c99g9c 7 6 the the DET 44558c99g9c 7 7 nominal nominal ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 8 substrate substrate NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 9 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 10 sarcosine sarcosine NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 11 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 12 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 7 13 an an DET 44558c99g9c 7 14 analogous analogous ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 15 substrate substrate NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 16 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 17 proline proline NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 18 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 19 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 20 statistical statistical ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 21 analyses analysis NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 22 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 7 23 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 24 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 7 25 molecule molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 26 temporal temporal ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 27 trajectories trajectory NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 28 reveal reveal VERB 44558c99g9c 7 29 the the DET 44558c99g9c 7 30 static static ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 31 heterogeneity heterogeneity NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 32 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 7 33 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 7 34 enzyme enzyme NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 35 reaction reaction NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 36 rates rate NOUN 44558c99g9c 7 37 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 8 1 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 8 2 addition addition NOUN 44558c99g9c 8 3 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 8 4 the the DET 44558c99g9c 8 5 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 8 6 molecule molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 8 7 data datum NOUN 44558c99g9c 8 8 confirm confirm VERB 44558c99g9c 8 9 the the DET 44558c99g9c 8 10 independence independence NOUN 44558c99g9c 8 11 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 8 12 reductive reductive ADJ 44558c99g9c 8 13 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 8 14 oxidative oxidative ADJ 44558c99g9c 8 15 reactions reaction NOUN 44558c99g9c 8 16 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 9 1 these these DET 44558c99g9c 9 2 structures structure NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 3 open open VERB 44558c99g9c 9 4 the the DET 44558c99g9c 9 5 way way NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 6 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 9 7 systematic systematic ADJ 44558c99g9c 9 8 studies study NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 9 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 9 10 the the DET 44558c99g9c 9 11 effect effect NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 12 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 9 13 molecular molecular ADJ 44558c99g9c 9 14 crowding crowding NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 15 on on ADP 44558c99g9c 9 16 enzyme enzyme NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 17 dynamics dynamic NOUN 44558c99g9c 9 18 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 10 1 the the DET 44558c99g9c 10 2 features feature NOUN 44558c99g9c 10 3 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 10 4 zmws zmws NOUN 44558c99g9c 10 5 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 10 6 extended extend VERB 44558c99g9c 10 7 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 10 8 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 10 9 molecule molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 10 10 electrocatalysis electrocatalysis NOUN 44558c99g9c 10 11 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 11 1 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 11 2 contrast contrast NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 3 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 11 4 its its PRON 44558c99g9c 11 5 behavior behavior NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 6 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 11 7 flavoenzymes flavoenzyme NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 8 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 11 9 where where SCONJ 44558c99g9c 11 10 the the DET 44558c99g9c 11 11 transitions transition NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 12 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 11 13 coupled couple VERB 44558c99g9c 11 14 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 11 15 chemical chemical ADJ 44558c99g9c 11 16 redox redox ADJ 44558c99g9c 11 17 events event NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 18 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 11 19 the the DET 44558c99g9c 11 20 research research NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 21 presented present VERB 44558c99g9c 11 22 here here ADV 44558c99g9c 11 23 studies study NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 24 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 11 25 fad fad ADJ 44558c99g9c 11 26 molecules molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 27 that that PRON 44558c99g9c 11 28 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 11 29 chemically chemically ADV 44558c99g9c 11 30 immobilized immobilize VERB 44558c99g9c 11 31 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 11 32 the the DET 44558c99g9c 11 33 au au PROPN 44558c99g9c 11 34 region region NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 35 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 11 36 a a DET 44558c99g9c 11 37 zmw zmw ADJ 44558c99g9c 11 38 array array NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 39 through through ADP 44558c99g9c 11 40 a a DET 44558c99g9c 11 41 pyrroloquinoline pyrroloquinoline NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 42 quinone quinone NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 43 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 11 44 pqq pqq NOUN 44558c99g9c 11 45 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 11 46 linker linker PROPN 44558c99g9c 11 47 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 12 1 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 12 2 this this DET 44558c99g9c 12 3 structure structure NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 4 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 12 5 the the DET 44558c99g9c 12 6 au au X 44558c99g9c 12 7 functions function NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 8 both both PRON 44558c99g9c 12 9 to to PART 44558c99g9c 12 10 confine confine VERB 44558c99g9c 12 11 the the DET 44558c99g9c 12 12 optical optical ADJ 44558c99g9c 12 13 field field NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 14 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 12 15 the the DET 44558c99g9c 12 16 zmw zmw NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 17 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 12 18 as as ADP 44558c99g9c 12 19 the the DET 44558c99g9c 12 20 working work VERB 44558c99g9c 12 21 electrode electrode NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 22 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 12 23 a a DET 44558c99g9c 12 24 potentiostatically potentiostatically ADV 44558c99g9c 12 25 controlled control VERB 44558c99g9c 12 26 3 3 NUM 44558c99g9c 12 27 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 12 28 elecrode elecrode NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 29 system system NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 30 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 12 31 thus thus ADV 44558c99g9c 12 32 allowing allow VERB 44558c99g9c 12 33 potential potential ADJ 44558c99g9c 12 34 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 12 35 dependent dependent ADJ 44558c99g9c 12 36 blinking blink VERB 44558c99g9c 12 37 to to PART 44558c99g9c 12 38 be be AUX 44558c99g9c 12 39 studied study VERB 44558c99g9c 12 40 in in ADP 44558c99g9c 12 41 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 12 42 fad fad ADJ 44558c99g9c 12 43 molecules molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 12 44 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 13 1 the the DET 44558c99g9c 13 2 subset subset NOUN 44558c99g9c 13 3 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 13 4 zmw zmw PROPN 44558c99g9c 13 5 nanopores nanopore NOUN 44558c99g9c 13 6 housing house VERB 44558c99g9c 13 7 a a DET 44558c99g9c 13 8 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 13 9 molecule molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 13 10 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 13 11 identified identify VERB 44558c99g9c 13 12 statistically statistically ADV 44558c99g9c 13 13 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 13 14 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 13 15 these these PRON 44558c99g9c 13 16 are be AUX 44558c99g9c 13 17 subjected subject VERB 44558c99g9c 13 18 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 13 19 detailed detailed ADJ 44558c99g9c 13 20 study study NOUN 44558c99g9c 13 21 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 1 using use VERB 44558c99g9c 14 2 equilibrium equilibrium NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 3 potential potential ADJ 44558c99g9c 14 4 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 5 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 6 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 7 values value NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 8 determined determine VERB 44558c99g9c 14 9 from from ADP 44558c99g9c 14 10 macroscopic macroscopic ADJ 44558c99g9c 14 11 planar planar NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 12 au au X 44558c99g9c 14 13 electrodes electrode NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 14 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 15 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 14 16 molecule molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 17 blinking blink VERB 44558c99g9c 14 18 behavior behavior NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 19 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 14 20 characterized characterize VERB 44558c99g9c 14 21 at at ADP 44558c99g9c 14 22 potentials potential NOUN 44558c99g9c 14 23 e e X 44558c99g9c 14 24 < < X 44558c99g9c 14 25 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 26 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 27 e e PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 28 ~ ~ PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 29 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 30 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 14 31 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 14 32 e e X 44558c99g9c 14 33 > > X 44558c99g9c 14 34 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 14 35 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 15 1 the the DET 44558c99g9c 15 2 probability probability NOUN 44558c99g9c 15 3 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 15 4 observing observe VERB 44558c99g9c 15 5 a a DET 44558c99g9c 15 6 reduced reduce VERB 44558c99g9c 15 7 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 15 8 oxidized oxidized ADJ 44558c99g9c 15 9 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 15 10 state state NOUN 44558c99g9c 15 11 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 15 12 observed observe VERB 44558c99g9c 15 13 to to PART 44558c99g9c 15 14 increase increase VERB 44558c99g9c 15 15 ( ( PUNCT 44558c99g9c 15 16 decrease decrease VERB 44558c99g9c 15 17 ) ) PUNCT 44558c99g9c 15 18 as as SCONJ 44558c99g9c 15 19 the the DET 44558c99g9c 15 20 potential potential NOUN 44558c99g9c 15 21 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 15 22 scanned scan VERB 44558c99g9c 15 23 cathodic cathodic NOUN 44558c99g9c 15 24 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 15 25 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 15 26 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 16 1 this this PRON 44558c99g9c 16 2 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 16 3 understood understand VERB 44558c99g9c 16 4 to to PART 44558c99g9c 16 5 reflect reflect VERB 44558c99g9c 16 6 the the DET 44558c99g9c 16 7 potential potential ADJ 44558c99g9c 16 8 - - PUNCT 44558c99g9c 16 9 dependent dependent ADJ 44558c99g9c 16 10 probability probability NOUN 44558c99g9c 16 11 of of ADP 44558c99g9c 16 12 electron electron NOUN 44558c99g9c 16 13 transfer transfer NOUN 44558c99g9c 16 14 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 16 15 single single ADJ 44558c99g9c 16 16 fad fad ADJ 44558c99g9c 16 17 molecules molecule NOUN 44558c99g9c 16 18 . . PUNCT 44558c99g9c 17 1 furthermore furthermore ADV 44558c99g9c 17 2 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 17 3 the the DET 44558c99g9c 17 4 observed observed ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 5 transition transition NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 6 rate rate NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 7 reaches reach VERB 44558c99g9c 17 8 a a DET 44558c99g9c 17 9 maximum maximum NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 10 near near ADP 44558c99g9c 17 11 eeq eeq NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 12 and and CCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 13 decreases decrease VERB 44558c99g9c 17 14 to to ADP 44558c99g9c 17 15 either either CCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 16 anodic anodic ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 17 or or CCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 18 cathodic cathodic ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 19 values value NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 20 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 17 21 as as SCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 22 expected expect VERB 44558c99g9c 17 23 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 17 24 since since SCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 25 the the DET 44558c99g9c 17 26 rate rate NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 27 is be AUX 44558c99g9c 17 28 dependent dependent ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 29 on on ADP 44558c99g9c 17 30 having have VERB 44558c99g9c 17 31 significant significant ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 32 probabilities probability NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 33 for for ADP 44558c99g9c 17 34 both both CCONJ 44558c99g9c 17 35 redox redox ADJ 44558c99g9c 17 36 states state NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 37 , , PUNCT 44558c99g9c 17 38 a a DET 44558c99g9c 17 39 condition condition NOUN 44558c99g9c 17 40 that that PRON 44558c99g9c 17 41 obtains obtain VERB 44558c99g9c 17 42 only only ADV 44558c99g9c 17 43 near near ADP 44558c99g9c 17 44 eeq eeq PROPN 44558c99g9c 17 45 . . PUNCT