id sid tid token lemma pos 0v838051809 1 1 each each DET 0v838051809 1 2 year year NOUN 0v838051809 1 3 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 1 4 together together ADV 0v838051809 1 5 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 1 6 leishmania leishmania NOUN 0v838051809 1 7 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 1 8 plasmodium plasmodium NOUN 0v838051809 1 9 infect infect VERB 0v838051809 1 10 more more ADJ 0v838051809 1 11 than than ADP 0v838051809 1 12 500 500 NUM 0v838051809 1 13 million million NUM 0v838051809 1 14 individuals individual NOUN 0v838051809 1 15 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 1 16 these these DET 0v838051809 1 17 infections infection NOUN 0v838051809 1 18 result result VERB 0v838051809 1 19 in in ADP 0v838051809 1 20 the the DET 0v838051809 1 21 deaths death NOUN 0v838051809 1 22 of of ADP 0v838051809 1 23 approximately approximately ADV 0v838051809 1 24 3 3 NUM 0v838051809 1 25 million million NUM 0v838051809 1 26 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 1 27 illustrating illustrate VERB 0v838051809 1 28 the the DET 0v838051809 1 29 drastic drastic ADJ 0v838051809 1 30 need need NOUN 0v838051809 1 31 for for ADP 0v838051809 1 32 immunological immunological ADJ 0v838051809 1 33 research research NOUN 0v838051809 1 34 on on ADP 0v838051809 1 35 these these DET 0v838051809 1 36 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 1 37 other other ADJ 0v838051809 1 38 tropical tropical ADJ 0v838051809 1 39 diseases disease NOUN 0v838051809 1 40 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 2 1 both both PRON 0v838051809 2 2 leishmania leishmania PROPN 0v838051809 2 3 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 2 4 plasmodium plasmodium NOUN 0v838051809 2 5 are be AUX 0v838051809 2 6 transmitted transmit VERB 0v838051809 2 7 by by ADP 0v838051809 2 8 the the DET 0v838051809 2 9 bite bite NOUN 0v838051809 2 10 of of ADP 0v838051809 2 11 an an DET 0v838051809 2 12 infected infect VERB 0v838051809 2 13 female female ADJ 0v838051809 2 14 hematophagus hematophagus NOUN 0v838051809 2 15 insect insect NOUN 0v838051809 2 16 ; ; PUNCT 0v838051809 2 17 leishmania leishmania NOUN 0v838051809 2 18 by by ADP 0v838051809 2 19 sand sand NOUN 0v838051809 2 20 flies fly NOUN 0v838051809 2 21 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 2 22 while while SCONJ 0v838051809 2 23 plasmodium plasmodium NOUN 0v838051809 2 24 by by ADP 0v838051809 2 25 anopheline anopheline PROPN 0v838051809 2 26 mosquitoes mosquito NOUN 0v838051809 2 27 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 3 1 studies study NOUN 0v838051809 3 2 have have AUX 0v838051809 3 3 demonstrated demonstrate VERB 0v838051809 3 4 the the DET 0v838051809 3 5 strong strong ADJ 0v838051809 3 6 effects effect NOUN 0v838051809 3 7 associated associate VERB 0v838051809 3 8 with with ADP 0v838051809 3 9 saliva saliva NOUN 0v838051809 3 10 from from ADP 0v838051809 3 11 hematophagous hematophagous ADJ 0v838051809 3 12 insects insect NOUN 0v838051809 3 13 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 3 14 like like ADP 0v838051809 3 15 mosquitoes mosquito NOUN 0v838051809 3 16 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 3 17 sand sand NOUN 0v838051809 3 18 flies fly NOUN 0v838051809 3 19 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 3 20 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 3 21 ticks tick NOUN 0v838051809 3 22 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 4 1 work work NOUN 0v838051809 4 2 has have AUX 0v838051809 4 3 shown show VERB 0v838051809 4 4 that that SCONJ 0v838051809 4 5 the the DET 0v838051809 4 6 pathology pathology NOUN 0v838051809 4 7 associated associate VERB 0v838051809 4 8 with with ADP 0v838051809 4 9 disease disease NOUN 0v838051809 4 10 models model NOUN 0v838051809 4 11 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 4 12 like like ADP 0v838051809 4 13 lymeìøåàå_s lymeìøåàå_s NUM 0v838051809 4 14 disease disease NOUN 0v838051809 4 15 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 4 16 leishmaniasis leishmaniasis NOUN 0v838051809 4 17 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 4 18 is be AUX 0v838051809 4 19 exacerbated exacerbate VERB 0v838051809 4 20 by by ADP 0v838051809 4 21 the the DET 0v838051809 4 22 inclusion inclusion NOUN 0v838051809 4 23 of of ADP 0v838051809 4 24 saliva saliva NOUN 0v838051809 4 25 or or CCONJ 0v838051809 4 26 salivary salivary ADJ 0v838051809 4 27 gland gland NOUN 0v838051809 4 28 portions portion NOUN 0v838051809 4 29 during during ADP 0v838051809 4 30 introduction introduction NOUN 0v838051809 4 31 of of ADP 0v838051809 4 32 infection infection NOUN 0v838051809 4 33 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 5 1 however however ADV 0v838051809 5 2 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 5 3 previous previous ADJ 0v838051809 5 4 vaccination vaccination NOUN 0v838051809 5 5 to to ADP 0v838051809 5 6 uninfected uninfected ADJ 0v838051809 5 7 vector vector NOUN 0v838051809 5 8 saliva saliva NOUN 0v838051809 5 9 induces induce VERB 0v838051809 5 10 protection protection NOUN 0v838051809 5 11 from from ADP 0v838051809 5 12 severe severe ADJ 0v838051809 5 13 pathology pathology NOUN 0v838051809 5 14 upon upon SCONJ 0v838051809 5 15 infection infection NOUN 0v838051809 5 16 in in ADP 0v838051809 5 17 the the DET 0v838051809 5 18 presence presence NOUN 0v838051809 5 19 of of ADP 0v838051809 5 20 saliva saliva NOUN 0v838051809 5 21 or or CCONJ 0v838051809 5 22 salivary salivary ADJ 0v838051809 5 23 gland gland NOUN 0v838051809 5 24 extract extract NOUN 0v838051809 5 25 in in ADP 0v838051809 5 26 the the DET 0v838051809 5 27 case case NOUN 0v838051809 5 28 of of ADP 0v838051809 5 29 sand sand NOUN 0v838051809 5 30 flies fly NOUN 0v838051809 5 31 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 6 1 chapter chapter NOUN 0v838051809 6 2 2 2 NUM 0v838051809 6 3 illustrates illustrate VERB 0v838051809 6 4 that that SCONJ 0v838051809 6 5 a a DET 0v838051809 6 6 similar similar ADJ 0v838051809 6 7 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN 0v838051809 6 8 also also ADV 0v838051809 6 9 is be AUX 0v838051809 6 10 present present ADJ 0v838051809 6 11 in in ADP 0v838051809 6 12 the the DET 0v838051809 6 13 mosquito mosquito PROPN 0v838051809 6 14 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 6 15 plasmodium plasmodium NOUN 0v838051809 6 16 model model NOUN 0v838051809 6 17 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 7 1 our our PRON 0v838051809 7 2 study study NOUN 0v838051809 7 3 reveals reveal VERB 0v838051809 7 4 that that SCONJ 0v838051809 7 5 previous previous ADJ 0v838051809 7 6 vaccination vaccination NOUN 0v838051809 7 7 with with ADP 0v838051809 7 8 uninfected uninfected ADJ 0v838051809 7 9 mosquito mosquito PROPN 0v838051809 7 10 bites bite NOUN 0v838051809 7 11 induces induce VERB 0v838051809 7 12 interferon interferon NOUN 0v838051809 7 13 gamma gamma NOUN 0v838051809 7 14 ( ( PUNCT 0v838051809 7 15 ifng ifng PROPN 0v838051809 7 16 ) ) PUNCT 0v838051809 7 17 systemically systemically ADV 0v838051809 7 18 upon upon SCONJ 0v838051809 7 19 exposure exposure NOUN 0v838051809 7 20 to to ADP 0v838051809 7 21 p. p. PROPN 0v838051809 7 22 yoelii yoelii PROPN 0v838051809 7 23 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 7 24 infected infect VERB 0v838051809 7 25 mosquito mosquito PROPN 0v838051809 7 26 bites bite NOUN 0v838051809 7 27 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 8 1 chronic chronic ADJ 0v838051809 8 2 diseases disease NOUN 0v838051809 8 3 such such ADJ 0v838051809 8 4 as as ADP 0v838051809 8 5 leishmaniasis leishmaniasis NOUN 0v838051809 8 6 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 8 7 malaria malaria NOUN 0v838051809 8 8 are be AUX 0v838051809 8 9 able able ADJ 0v838051809 8 10 to to PART 0v838051809 8 11 induce induce VERB 0v838051809 8 12 immuno immuno NOUN 0v838051809 8 13 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 8 14 suppression suppression NOUN 0v838051809 8 15 in in ADP 0v838051809 8 16 their their PRON 0v838051809 8 17 hosts host NOUN 0v838051809 8 18 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 9 1 one one NUM 0v838051809 9 2 recently recently ADV 0v838051809 9 3 characterized characterize VERB 0v838051809 9 4 mechanism mechanism NOUN 0v838051809 9 5 of of ADP 0v838051809 9 6 immuno immuno NOUN 0v838051809 9 7 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 9 8 suppression/ suppression/ NUM 0v838051809 9 9 immuno immuno NOUN 0v838051809 9 10 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 9 11 regulation regulation NOUN 0v838051809 9 12 by by ADP 0v838051809 9 13 dendritic dendritic ADJ 0v838051809 9 14 cells cell NOUN 0v838051809 9 15 is be AUX 0v838051809 9 16 the the DET 0v838051809 9 17 induction induction NOUN 0v838051809 9 18 of of ADP 0v838051809 9 19 indoleamine indoleamine ADJ 0v838051809 9 20 2,3 2,3 NOUN 0v838051809 9 21 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 9 22 dioxygenase dioxygenase NOUN 0v838051809 9 23 ( ( PUNCT 0v838051809 9 24 ido ido NOUN 0v838051809 9 25 ) ) PUNCT 0v838051809 9 26 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 9 27 the the DET 0v838051809 9 28 rate rate NOUN 0v838051809 9 29 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 9 30 limiting limit VERB 0v838051809 9 31 enzyme enzyme NOUN 0v838051809 9 32 in in ADP 0v838051809 9 33 the the DET 0v838051809 9 34 tryptophan tryptophan NOUN 0v838051809 9 35 catabolism catabolism NOUN 0v838051809 9 36 pathway pathway NOUN 0v838051809 9 37 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 10 1 ido ido PROPN 0v838051809 10 2 limits limit VERB 0v838051809 10 3 growth growth NOUN 0v838051809 10 4 of of ADP 0v838051809 10 5 tryptophan tryptophan NOUN 0v838051809 10 6 auxotrophs auxotroph NOUN 0v838051809 10 7 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 11 1 chapter chapter NOUN 0v838051809 11 2 3 3 NUM 0v838051809 11 3 demonstrates demonstrate VERB 0v838051809 11 4 that that SCONJ 0v838051809 11 5 ido ido NOUN 0v838051809 11 6 is be AUX 0v838051809 11 7 induced induce VERB 0v838051809 11 8 in in ADP 0v838051809 11 9 human human ADJ 0v838051809 11 10 dendritic dendritic ADJ 0v838051809 11 11 cells cell NOUN 0v838051809 11 12 in in ADP 0v838051809 11 13 response response NOUN 0v838051809 11 14 to to ADP 0v838051809 11 15 exposure exposure NOUN 0v838051809 11 16 to to ADP 0v838051809 11 17 l. l. PROPN 0v838051809 11 18 major major PROPN 0v838051809 11 19 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 11 20 l.donovani l.donovani ADJ 0v838051809 11 21 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 11 22 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 11 23 p. p. PROPN 0v838051809 11 24 falciparum falciparum NOUN 0v838051809 11 25 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 12 1 in in ADP 0v838051809 12 2 the the DET 0v838051809 12 3 case case NOUN 0v838051809 12 4 of of ADP 0v838051809 12 5 leishmania leishmania PROPN 0v838051809 12 6 infection infection NOUN 0v838051809 12 7 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 12 8 the the DET 0v838051809 12 9 ido ido NOUN 0v838051809 12 10 protein protein NOUN 0v838051809 12 11 is be AUX 0v838051809 12 12 active active ADJ 0v838051809 12 13 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 12 14 inhibits inhibit VERB 0v838051809 12 15 a a DET 0v838051809 12 16 mixed mixed ADJ 0v838051809 12 17 lymphocyte lymphocyte NOUN 0v838051809 12 18 reaction reaction NOUN 0v838051809 12 19 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 13 1 additionally additionally ADV 0v838051809 13 2 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 13 3 ido ido PROPN 0v838051809 13 4 is be AUX 0v838051809 13 5 induced induce VERB 0v838051809 13 6 during during ADP 0v838051809 13 7 an an DET 0v838051809 13 8 in in ADP 0v838051809 13 9 vivo vivo PROPN 0v838051809 13 10 p. p. PROPN 0v838051809 13 11 yoelii yoelii PROPN 0v838051809 13 12 infection infection NOUN 0v838051809 13 13 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 14 1 subversion subversion NOUN 0v838051809 14 2 of of ADP 0v838051809 14 3 immune immune ADJ 0v838051809 14 4 recognition recognition NOUN 0v838051809 14 5 is be AUX 0v838051809 14 6 a a DET 0v838051809 14 7 mechanism mechanism NOUN 0v838051809 14 8 by by ADP 0v838051809 14 9 which which PRON 0v838051809 14 10 different different ADJ 0v838051809 14 11 pathogens pathogen NOUN 0v838051809 14 12 are be AUX 0v838051809 14 13 able able ADJ 0v838051809 14 14 to to PART 0v838051809 14 15 gain gain VERB 0v838051809 14 16 a a DET 0v838051809 14 17 niche niche NOUN 0v838051809 14 18 in in ADP 0v838051809 14 19 a a DET 0v838051809 14 20 host host NOUN 0v838051809 14 21 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 15 1 two two NUM 0v838051809 15 2 methods method NOUN 0v838051809 15 3 of of ADP 0v838051809 15 4 inhibition inhibition NOUN 0v838051809 15 5 of of ADP 0v838051809 15 6 immune immune ADJ 0v838051809 15 7 surveillance surveillance NOUN 0v838051809 15 8 are be AUX 0v838051809 15 9 discussed discuss VERB 0v838051809 15 10 in in ADP 0v838051809 15 11 chapters chapter NOUN 0v838051809 15 12 4 4 NUM 0v838051809 15 13 and and CCONJ 0v838051809 15 14 5 5 NUM 0v838051809 15 15 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 16 1 cd1 cd1 NOUN 0v838051809 16 2 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 16 3 the the DET 0v838051809 16 4 group group NOUN 0v838051809 16 5 of of ADP 0v838051809 16 6 molecules molecule NOUN 0v838051809 16 7 that that PRON 0v838051809 16 8 dendritic dendritic ADJ 0v838051809 16 9 cells cell NOUN 0v838051809 16 10 utilize utilize VERB 0v838051809 16 11 to to AUX 0v838051809 16 12 present present ADJ 0v838051809 16 13 lipid lipid ADJ 0v838051809 16 14 antigen antigen NOUN 0v838051809 16 15 to to ADP 0v838051809 16 16 t t PROPN 0v838051809 16 17 cells cell NOUN 0v838051809 16 18 is be AUX 0v838051809 16 19 expressed express VERB 0v838051809 16 20 at at ADP 0v838051809 16 21 significantly significantly ADV 0v838051809 16 22 lower low ADJ 0v838051809 16 23 levels level NOUN 0v838051809 16 24 in in ADP 0v838051809 16 25 leishmania leishmania PROPN 0v838051809 16 26 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 16 27 infected infect VERB 0v838051809 16 28 human human ADJ 0v838051809 16 29 dendritic dendritic ADJ 0v838051809 16 30 cells cell NOUN 0v838051809 16 31 . . PUNCT 0v838051809 17 1 also also ADV 0v838051809 17 2 , , PUNCT 0v838051809 17 3 leishmania leishmania PROPN 0v838051809 17 4 - - PUNCT 0v838051809 17 5 infected infect VERB 0v838051809 17 6 macrophages macrophage NOUN 0v838051809 17 7 do do AUX 0v838051809 17 8 not not PART 0v838051809 17 9 readily readily ADV 0v838051809 17 10 undergo undergo VERB 0v838051809 17 11 apoptosis apoptosis NOUN 0v838051809 17 12 induced induce VERB 0v838051809 17 13 by by ADP 0v838051809 17 14 cycloheximide cycloheximide NOUN 0v838051809 17 15 via via ADP 0v838051809 17 16 a a DET 0v838051809 17 17 strainand strainand PROPN 0v838051809 17 18 phosphoglycandependent phosphoglycandependent NOUN 0v838051809 17 19 mechanism mechanism NOUN 0v838051809 17 20 . . PUNCT