id sid tid token lemma pos 0r96736803s 1 1 techniques technique NOUN 0r96736803s 1 2 for for ADP 0r96736803s 1 3 improving improve VERB 0r96736803s 1 4 the the DET 0r96736803s 1 5 accuracy accuracy NOUN 0r96736803s 1 6 of of ADP 0r96736803s 1 7 the the DET 0r96736803s 1 8 global global ADJ 0r96736803s 1 9 approximations approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 1 10 used use VERB 0r96736803s 1 11 in in ADP 0r96736803s 1 12 various various ADJ 0r96736803s 1 13 multidisciplinary multidisciplinary ADJ 0r96736803s 1 14 design design NOUN 0r96736803s 1 15 optimization optimization NOUN 0r96736803s 1 16 ( ( PUNCT 0r96736803s 1 17 mdo mdo PROPN 0r96736803s 1 18 ) ) PUNCT 0r96736803s 1 19 procedures procedure NOUN 0r96736803s 1 20 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 1 21 while while SCONJ 0r96736803s 1 22 reducing reduce VERB 0r96736803s 1 23 the the DET 0r96736803s 1 24 amount amount NOUN 0r96736803s 1 25 of of ADP 0r96736803s 1 26 design design NOUN 0r96736803s 1 27 space space NOUN 0r96736803s 1 28 information information NOUN 0r96736803s 1 29 required require VERB 0r96736803s 1 30 to to PART 0r96736803s 1 31 develop develop VERB 0r96736803s 1 32 the the DET 0r96736803s 1 33 approximations approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 1 34 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 1 35 were be AUX 0r96736803s 1 36 studied study VERB 0r96736803s 1 37 in in ADP 0r96736803s 1 38 this this DET 0r96736803s 1 39 research research NOUN 0r96736803s 1 40 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 2 1 these these DET 0r96736803s 2 2 improvements improvement NOUN 0r96736803s 2 3 can can AUX 0r96736803s 2 4 be be AUX 0r96736803s 2 5 achieved achieve VERB 0r96736803s 2 6 by by ADP 0r96736803s 2 7 incorporating incorporate VERB 0r96736803s 2 8 gradient gradient NOUN 0r96736803s 2 9 or or CCONJ 0r96736803s 2 10 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN 0r96736803s 2 11 information information NOUN 0r96736803s 2 12 into into ADP 0r96736803s 2 13 the the DET 0r96736803s 2 14 existing exist VERB 0r96736803s 2 15 approximation approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 2 16 techniques technique NOUN 0r96736803s 2 17 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 3 1 an an DET 0r96736803s 3 2 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 3 3 to to PART 0r96736803s 3 4 develop develop VERB 0r96736803s 3 5 response response NOUN 0r96736803s 3 6 surface surface NOUN 0r96736803s 3 7 approximations approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 3 8 based base VERB 0r96736803s 3 9 upon upon SCONJ 0r96736803s 3 10 artificial artificial ADJ 0r96736803s 3 11 neural neural ADJ 0r96736803s 3 12 networks network NOUN 0r96736803s 3 13 trained train VERB 0r96736803s 3 14 using use VERB 0r96736803s 3 15 both both DET 0r96736803s 3 16 state state NOUN 0r96736803s 3 17 and and CCONJ 0r96736803s 3 18 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN 0r96736803s 3 19 information information NOUN 0r96736803s 3 20 is be AUX 0r96736803s 3 21 developed develop VERB 0r96736803s 3 22 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 4 1 compared compare VERB 0r96736803s 4 2 to to ADP 0r96736803s 4 3 previous previous ADJ 0r96736803s 4 4 approaches approach NOUN 0r96736803s 4 5 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 4 6 this this DET 0r96736803s 4 7 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 4 8 does do AUX 0r96736803s 4 9 not not PART 0r96736803s 4 10 require require VERB 0r96736803s 4 11 weighting weight VERB 0r96736803s 4 12 the the DET 0r96736803s 4 13 residuals residual NOUN 0r96736803s 4 14 of of ADP 0r96736803s 4 15 the the DET 0r96736803s 4 16 targets target NOUN 0r96736803s 4 17 and and CCONJ 0r96736803s 4 18 gradients gradient NOUN 0r96736803s 4 19 and and CCONJ 0r96736803s 4 20 is be AUX 0r96736803s 4 21 able able ADJ 0r96736803s 4 22 to to PART 0r96736803s 4 23 approximate approximate VERB 0r96736803s 4 24 gradient gradient ADJ 0r96736803s 4 25 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 4 26 consistent consistent ADJ 0r96736803s 4 27 response response NOUN 0r96736803s 4 28 surfaces surface NOUN 0r96736803s 4 29 with with ADP 0r96736803s 4 30 a a DET 0r96736803s 4 31 relatively relatively ADV 0r96736803s 4 32 compact compact ADJ 0r96736803s 4 33 network network NOUN 0r96736803s 4 34 architecture architecture NOUN 0r96736803s 4 35 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 5 1 numerical numerical ADJ 0r96736803s 5 2 simulation simulation PROPN 0r96736803s 5 3 on on ADP 0r96736803s 5 4 selected select VERB 0r96736803s 5 5 problems problem NOUN 0r96736803s 5 6 shows show VERB 0r96736803s 5 7 that that SCONJ 0r96736803s 5 8 this this DET 0r96736803s 5 9 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 5 10 possesses possess VERB 0r96736803s 5 11 the the DET 0r96736803s 5 12 capability capability NOUN 0r96736803s 5 13 to to PART 0r96736803s 5 14 develop develop VERB 0r96736803s 5 15 improved improved ADJ 0r96736803s 5 16 response response NOUN 0r96736803s 5 17 surface surface NOUN 0r96736803s 5 18 approximations approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 5 19 compared compare VERB 0r96736803s 5 20 to to ADP 0r96736803s 5 21 the the DET 0r96736803s 5 22 non non ADJ 0r96736803s 5 23 - - ADJ 0r96736803s 5 24 gradient gradient ADJ 0r96736803s 5 25 neural neural ADJ 0r96736803s 5 26 network network NOUN 0r96736803s 5 27 training training NOUN 0r96736803s 5 28 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 5 29 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 6 1 one one NUM 0r96736803s 6 2 issue issue NOUN 0r96736803s 6 3 that that SCONJ 0r96736803s 6 4 this this DET 0r96736803s 6 5 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 6 6 can can AUX 0r96736803s 6 7 not not PART 0r96736803s 6 8 address address VERB 0r96736803s 6 9 properly properly ADV 0r96736803s 6 10 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 6 11 however however ADV 0r96736803s 6 12 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 6 13 is be AUX 0r96736803s 6 14 to to PART 0r96736803s 6 15 determine determine VERB 0r96736803s 6 16 the the DET 0r96736803s 6 17 step step NOUN 0r96736803s 6 18 size size NOUN 0r96736803s 6 19 for for ADP 0r96736803s 6 20 the the DET 0r96736803s 6 21 design design NOUN 0r96736803s 6 22 variables variable NOUN 0r96736803s 6 23 in in ADP 0r96736803s 6 24 the the DET 0r96736803s 6 25 taylor taylor PROPN 0r96736803s 6 26 series series PROPN 0r96736803s 6 27 expansion expansion NOUN 0r96736803s 6 28 that that PRON 0r96736803s 6 29 is be AUX 0r96736803s 6 30 used use VERB 0r96736803s 6 31 to to PART 0r96736803s 6 32 utilize utilize VERB 0r96736803s 6 33 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN 0r96736803s 6 34 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 6 35 based base VERB 0r96736803s 6 36 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 6 37 approximate approximate ADJ 0r96736803s 6 38 information information NOUN 0r96736803s 6 39 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 7 1 it it PRON 0r96736803s 7 2 is be AUX 0r96736803s 7 3 also also ADV 0r96736803s 7 4 a a DET 0r96736803s 7 5 common common ADJ 0r96736803s 7 6 challenge challenge NOUN 0r96736803s 7 7 associated associate VERB 0r96736803s 7 8 with with ADP 0r96736803s 7 9 a a DET 0r96736803s 7 10 particular particular ADJ 0r96736803s 7 11 gradient gradient NOUN 0r96736803s 7 12 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 7 13 enhanced enhance VERB 0r96736803s 7 14 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 7 15 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 7 16 database database NOUN 0r96736803s 7 17 augmentation augmentation NOUN 0r96736803s 7 18 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 8 1 this this DET 0r96736803s 8 2 research research NOUN 0r96736803s 8 3 develops develop VERB 0r96736803s 8 4 another another DET 0r96736803s 8 5 gradient gradient NOUN 0r96736803s 8 6 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 8 7 enhanced enhance VERB 0r96736803s 8 8 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 8 9 based base VERB 0r96736803s 8 10 on on ADP 0r96736803s 8 11 kriging krige VERB 0r96736803s 8 12 models model NOUN 0r96736803s 8 13 to to PART 0r96736803s 8 14 solve solve VERB 0r96736803s 8 15 the the DET 0r96736803s 8 16 problem problem NOUN 0r96736803s 8 17 by by ADP 0r96736803s 8 18 including include VERB 0r96736803s 8 19 the the DET 0r96736803s 8 20 step step NOUN 0r96736803s 8 21 size size NOUN 0r96736803s 8 22 as as ADP 0r96736803s 8 23 one one NUM 0r96736803s 8 24 of of ADP 0r96736803s 8 25 model model NOUN 0r96736803s 8 26 parameters parameter NOUN 0r96736803s 8 27 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 9 1 this this DET 0r96736803s 9 2 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 9 3 can can AUX 0r96736803s 9 4 also also ADV 0r96736803s 9 5 characterize characterize VERB 0r96736803s 9 6 the the DET 0r96736803s 9 7 uncertainty uncertainty NOUN 0r96736803s 9 8 of of ADP 0r96736803s 9 9 approximations approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 9 10 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 9 11 which which PRON 0r96736803s 9 12 is be AUX 0r96736803s 9 13 another another DET 0r96736803s 9 14 goal goal NOUN 0r96736803s 9 15 of of ADP 0r96736803s 9 16 this this DET 0r96736803s 9 17 research research NOUN 0r96736803s 9 18 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 1 based base VERB 0r96736803s 10 2 on on ADP 0r96736803s 10 3 database database NOUN 0r96736803s 10 4 augmentation augmentation NOUN 0r96736803s 10 5 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 6 the the DET 0r96736803s 10 7 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 10 8 develops develop VERB 0r96736803s 10 9 kriging krige VERB 0r96736803s 10 10 models model NOUN 0r96736803s 10 11 by by ADP 0r96736803s 10 12 minimizing minimize VERB 0r96736803s 10 13 the the DET 0r96736803s 10 14 integrated integrate VERB 0r96736803s 10 15 mean mean ADJ 0r96736803s 10 16 squared squared ADJ 0r96736803s 10 17 error error NOUN 0r96736803s 10 18 ( ( PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 19 imse imse PROPN 0r96736803s 10 20 ) ) PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 21 criterion criterion NOUN 0r96736803s 10 22 instead instead ADV 0r96736803s 10 23 of of ADP 0r96736803s 10 24 the the DET 0r96736803s 10 25 maximum maximum ADJ 0r96736803s 10 26 likelihood likelihood NOUN 0r96736803s 10 27 estimation estimation NOUN 0r96736803s 10 28 ( ( PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 29 mle mle PROPN 0r96736803s 10 30 ) ) PUNCT 0r96736803s 10 31 process process NOUN 0r96736803s 10 32 often often ADV 0r96736803s 10 33 used use VERB 0r96736803s 10 34 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 1 numerical numerical PROPN 0r96736803s 11 2 simulation simulation PROPN 0r96736803s 11 3 on on ADP 0r96736803s 11 4 selected select VERB 0r96736803s 11 5 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 6 small small ADJ 0r96736803s 11 7 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 8 scale scale NOUN 0r96736803s 11 9 problems problem NOUN 0r96736803s 11 10 shows show VERB 0r96736803s 11 11 that that SCONJ 0r96736803s 11 12 this this DET 0r96736803s 11 13 imse imse PROPN 0r96736803s 11 14 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 15 based base VERB 0r96736803s 11 16 gradient gradient NOUN 0r96736803s 11 17 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 18 enhanced enhance VERB 0r96736803s 11 19 kriging kriging NOUN 0r96736803s 11 20 ( ( PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 21 imse imse PROPN 0r96736803s 11 22 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 23 gek gek PROPN 0r96736803s 11 24 ) ) PUNCT 0r96736803s 11 25 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 11 26 can can AUX 0r96736803s 11 27 improve improve VERB 0r96736803s 11 28 approximation approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 11 29 accuracy accuracy NOUN 0r96736803s 11 30 by by ADP 0r96736803s 11 31 60~80 60~80 NUM 0r96736803s 11 32 % % NOUN 0r96736803s 11 33 over over ADP 0r96736803s 11 34 the the DET 0r96736803s 11 35 non non ADJ 0r96736803s 11 36 - - ADJ 0r96736803s 11 37 gradient gradient ADJ 0r96736803s 11 38 kriging kriging ADJ 0r96736803s 11 39 approximation approximation NOUN 0r96736803s 11 40 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 12 1 an an DET 0r96736803s 12 2 analytical analytical ADJ 0r96736803s 12 3 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 12 4 to to PART 0r96736803s 12 5 compute compute PROPN 0r96736803s 12 6 imse imse PROPN 0r96736803s 12 7 was be AUX 0r96736803s 12 8 developed develop VERB 0r96736803s 12 9 to to PART 0r96736803s 12 10 reduce reduce VERB 0r96736803s 12 11 the the DET 0r96736803s 12 12 prohibitive prohibitive ADJ 0r96736803s 12 13 computing computing NOUN 0r96736803s 12 14 cost cost NOUN 0r96736803s 12 15 associated associate VERB 0r96736803s 12 16 with with ADP 0r96736803s 12 17 applying apply VERB 0r96736803s 12 18 the the DET 0r96736803s 12 19 imse imse ADJ 0r96736803s 12 20 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 12 21 gek gek NOUN 0r96736803s 12 22 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 12 23 to to ADP 0r96736803s 12 24 high high ADJ 0r96736803s 12 25 - - PUNCT 0r96736803s 12 26 dimensional dimensional ADJ 0r96736803s 12 27 problems problem NOUN 0r96736803s 12 28 . . PUNCT 0r96736803s 13 1 some some DET 0r96736803s 13 2 additional additional ADJ 0r96736803s 13 3 implementation implementation NOUN 0r96736803s 13 4 issues issue NOUN 0r96736803s 13 5 associated associate VERB 0r96736803s 13 6 with with ADP 0r96736803s 13 7 the the DET 0r96736803s 13 8 approach approach NOUN 0r96736803s 13 9 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 13 10 such such ADJ 0r96736803s 13 11 as as ADP 0r96736803s 13 12 the the DET 0r96736803s 13 13 database database NOUN 0r96736803s 13 14 augmenting augment VERB 0r96736803s 13 15 scheme scheme NOUN 0r96736803s 13 16 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 13 17 the the DET 0r96736803s 13 18 use use NOUN 0r96736803s 13 19 of of ADP 0r96736803s 13 20 variable variable ADJ 0r96736803s 13 21 step step NOUN 0r96736803s 13 22 sizes size NOUN 0r96736803s 13 23 and and CCONJ 0r96736803s 13 24 the the DET 0r96736803s 13 25 inclusion inclusion NOUN 0r96736803s 13 26 of of ADP 0r96736803s 13 27 nugget nugget NOUN 0r96736803s 13 28 effects effect NOUN 0r96736803s 13 29 at at ADP 0r96736803s 13 30 added add VERB 0r96736803s 13 31 points point NOUN 0r96736803s 13 32 , , PUNCT 0r96736803s 13 33 are be AUX 0r96736803s 13 34 also also ADV 0r96736803s 13 35 presented present VERB 0r96736803s 13 36 . . PUNCT