id	sid	tid	token	lemma	pos
08612n52q47	1	1	controlling	control	VERB
08612n52q47	1	2	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	1	3	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	4	surface	surface	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	5	environment	environment	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	6	is	be	AUX
08612n52q47	1	7	integral	integral	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	8	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	1	9	precise	precise	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	10	drug	drug	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	11	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	12	delivery	delivery	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	13	systems	system	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	14	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	15	selective	selective	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	16	molecular	molecular	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	17	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	18	capture	capture	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	19	methods	method	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	20	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	21	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	1	22	analytical	analytical	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	23	techniques	technique	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	24	relying	rely	VERB
08612n52q47	1	25	on	on	ADP
08612n52q47	1	26	plasmon	plasmon	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	27	resonance	resonance	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	28	amplification	amplification	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	29	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	30	such	such	ADJ
08612n52q47	1	31	as	as	ADP
08612n52q47	1	32	surface	surface	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	33	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	34	enhanced	enhance	VERB
08612n52q47	1	35	raman	raman	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	36	scattering	scattering	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	37	(	(	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	38	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	1	39	)	)	PUNCT
08612n52q47	1	40	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	2	1	despite	despite	SCONJ
08612n52q47	2	2	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	2	3	scientific	scientific	ADJ
08612n52q47	2	4	community	community	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	5	's	's	PART
08612n52q47	2	6	widespread	widespread	ADJ
08612n52q47	2	7	interest	interest	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	8	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	2	9	nanotechnology	nanotechnology	PROPN
08612n52q47	2	10	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	2	11	few	few	ADJ
08612n52q47	2	12	commercial	commercial	ADJ
08612n52q47	2	13	products	product	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	14	employ	employ	VERB
08612n52q47	2	15	nanomaterials	nanomaterial	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	16	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	2	17	disease	disease	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	18	diagnostics	diagnostic	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	19	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	2	20	therapeutics	therapeutic	NOUN
08612n52q47	2	21	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	3	1	one	one	NUM
08612n52q47	3	2	reason	reason	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	3	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	3	4	this	this	PRON
08612n52q47	3	5	is	be	AUX
08612n52q47	3	6	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	3	7	lack	lack	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	8	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	3	9	shelf	shelf	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	10	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	3	11	stable	stable	ADJ
08612n52q47	3	12	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	3	13	robust	robust	ADJ
08612n52q47	3	14	ligands	ligand	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	15	that	that	PRON
08612n52q47	3	16	will	will	AUX
08612n52q47	3	17	remain	remain	AUX
08612n52q47	3	18	adhered	adhere	VERB
08612n52q47	3	19	to	to	ADP
08612n52q47	3	20	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	3	21	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	22	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	3	23	complex	complex	ADJ
08612n52q47	3	24	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	3	25	physiological	physiological	ADJ
08612n52q47	3	26	environments	environment	NOUN
08612n52q47	3	27	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	4	1	thiol	thiol	PROPN
08612n52q47	4	2	ligands	ligand	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	3	are	be	AUX
08612n52q47	4	4	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	4	5	current	current	ADJ
08612n52q47	4	6	standard	standard	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	7	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	4	8	functionalizing	functionalizing	ADJ
08612n52q47	4	9	metal	metal	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	10	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	11	surfaces	surface	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	12	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	4	13	particularly	particularly	ADV
08612n52q47	4	14	silver	silver	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	15	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	4	16	gold	gold	NOUN
08612n52q47	4	17	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	5	1	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	5	2	rich	rich	ADJ
08612n52q47	5	3	chemistry	chemistry	NOUN
08612n52q47	5	4	toolkit	toolkit	NOUN
08612n52q47	5	5	has	have	AUX
08612n52q47	5	6	been	be	AUX
08612n52q47	5	7	developed	develop	VERB
08612n52q47	5	8	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	5	9	attaching	attach	VERB
08612n52q47	5	10	biomolecules	biomolecule	NOUN
08612n52q47	5	11	to	to	ADP
08612n52q47	5	12	nanoparticles	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	5	13	via	via	ADP
08612n52q47	5	14	thiols	thiols	PROPN
08612n52q47	5	15	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	6	1	thiol	thiol	PROPN
08612n52q47	6	2	ligands	ligands	PROPN
08612n52q47	6	3	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	6	4	however	however	ADV
08612n52q47	6	5	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	6	6	are	be	AUX
08612n52q47	6	7	prone	prone	ADJ
08612n52q47	6	8	to	to	ADP
08612n52q47	6	9	degradation	degradation	NOUN
08612n52q47	6	10	via	via	ADP
08612n52q47	6	11	oxidation	oxidation	NOUN
08612n52q47	6	12	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	6	13	ambient	ambient	ADJ
08612n52q47	6	14	conditions	condition	NOUN
08612n52q47	6	15	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	6	16	biologically	biologically	ADV
08612n52q47	6	17	relevant	relevant	ADJ
08612n52q47	6	18	conditions	condition	NOUN
08612n52q47	6	19	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	7	1	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	7	2	first	first	ADJ
08612n52q47	7	3	section	section	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	4	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	7	5	this	this	DET
08612n52q47	7	6	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	7	introduces	introduce	VERB
08612n52q47	7	8	an	an	DET
08612n52q47	7	9	alternative	alternative	ADJ
08612n52q47	7	10	ligand	ligand	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	11	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	7	12	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	13	systems	system	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	14	:	:	PUNCT
08612n52q47	7	15	n	n	CCONJ
08612n52q47	7	16	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	7	17	heterocyclic	heterocyclic	ADJ
08612n52q47	7	18	carbenes	carbene	NOUN
08612n52q47	7	19	(	(	PUNCT
08612n52q47	7	20	nhcs	nhcs	PROPN
08612n52q47	7	21	)	)	PUNCT
08612n52q47	7	22	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	1	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	8	2	this	this	DET
08612n52q47	8	3	section	section	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	4	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	5	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	8	6	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
08612n52q47	8	7	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	8	8	robustness	robustness	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	9	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	8	10	nhc	nhc	PROPN
08612n52q47	8	11	ligands	ligand	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	12	on	on	ADP
08612n52q47	8	13	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	8	14	variety	variety	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	15	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	8	16	gold	gold	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	17	surfaces	surface	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	18	with	with	ADP
08612n52q47	8	19	thorough	thorough	ADJ
08612n52q47	8	20	characterization	characterization	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	21	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	8	22	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	8	23	nhc	nhc	PROPN
08612n52q47	8	24	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	25	gold	gold	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	26	interaction	interaction	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	27	using	use	VERB
08612n52q47	8	28	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	29	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	30	x	x	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	31	-	-	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	32	ray	ray	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	33	photoelectron	photoelectron	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	34	spectroscopy	spectroscopy	PROPN
08612n52q47	8	35	(	(	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	36	xps	xps	PROPN
08612n52q47	8	37	)	)	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	38	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	39	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	8	40	thermogravimetric	thermogravimetric	ADJ
08612n52q47	8	41	analysis	analysis	NOUN
08612n52q47	8	42	(	(	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	43	tga	tga	PROPN
08612n52q47	8	44	)	)	PUNCT
08612n52q47	8	45	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	9	1	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	9	2	addition	addition	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	3	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	9	4	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	9	5	develop	develop	VERB
08612n52q47	9	6	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	9	7	benchtop	benchtop	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	8	method	method	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	9	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	9	10	appending	append	VERB
08612n52q47	9	11	nhcs	nhcs	PROPN
08612n52q47	9	12	to	to	ADP
08612n52q47	9	13	aqueous	aqueous	ADJ
08612n52q47	9	14	nanoparticles	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	15	without	without	ADP
08612n52q47	9	16	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	9	17	need	need	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	18	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	9	19	air	air	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	20	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	9	21	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ
08612n52q47	9	22	techniques	technique	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	23	or	or	CCONJ
08612n52q47	9	24	external	external	ADJ
08612n52q47	9	25	reductants	reductant	NOUN
08612n52q47	9	26	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	10	1	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	10	2	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	10	3	first	first	ADJ
08612n52q47	10	4	time	time	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	5	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	10	6	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	10	7	employ	employ	VERB
08612n52q47	10	8	amide	amide	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	9	coupling	coupling	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	10	on	on	ADP
08612n52q47	10	11	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	10	12	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	13	surface	surface	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	14	using	use	VERB
08612n52q47	10	15	an	an	DET
08612n52q47	10	16	nhc	nhc	PROPN
08612n52q47	10	17	ligand	ligand	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	18	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	10	19	track	track	VERB
08612n52q47	10	20	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	10	21	reaction	reaction	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	22	sequence	sequence	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	23	at	at	ADP
08612n52q47	10	24	each	each	DET
08612n52q47	10	25	step	step	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	26	with	with	ADP
08612n52q47	10	27	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	28	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	10	29	supplemented	supplement	VERB
08612n52q47	10	30	by	by	ADP
08612n52q47	10	31	theoretical	theoretical	ADJ
08612n52q47	10	32	calculations	calculation	NOUN
08612n52q47	10	33	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	11	1	last	last	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	2	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	11	3	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	11	4	perform	perform	VERB
08612n52q47	11	5	foundational	foundational	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	6	stability	stability	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	7	studies	study	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	8	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	11	9	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	11	10	nhc	nhc	PROPN
08612n52q47	11	11	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	11	12	au	au	PROPN
08612n52q47	11	13	interaction	interaction	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	14	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	11	15	five	five	NUM
08612n52q47	11	16	commonly	commonly	ADV
08612n52q47	11	17	used	use	VERB
08612n52q47	11	18	biological	biological	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	19	media	medium	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	20	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	11	21	demonstrate	demonstrate	VERB
08612n52q47	11	22	that	that	SCONJ
08612n52q47	11	23	an	an	DET
08612n52q47	11	24	imidazolinium	imidazolinium	PROPN
08612n52q47	11	25	nhc	nhc	PROPN
08612n52q47	11	26	motif	motif	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	27	may	may	AUX
08612n52q47	11	28	provide	provide	VERB
08612n52q47	11	29	enhanced	enhanced	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	30	stability	stability	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	31	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	11	32	extreme	extreme	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	33	acidic	acidic	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	34	environments.handling	environments.handle	VERB
08612n52q47	11	35	large	large	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	36	data	data	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	37	sets	set	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	38	with	with	ADP
08612n52q47	11	39	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	40	presents	present	VERB
08612n52q47	11	41	many	many	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	42	challenges	challenge	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	43	given	give	VERB
08612n52q47	11	44	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	11	45	complicated	complicated	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	46	nature	nature	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	47	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	11	48	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	11	49	spectra	spectra	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	50	and	and	CCONJ
08612n52q47	11	51	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	11	52	common	common	ADJ
08612n52q47	11	53	need	need	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	54	to	to	PART
08612n52q47	11	55	focus	focus	VERB
08612n52q47	11	56	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	11	57	laser	laser	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	58	on	on	ADP
08612n52q47	11	59	nanoparticle	nanoparticle	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	60	aggregates	aggregate	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	61	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	11	62	optimized	optimize	VERB
08612n52q47	11	63	signal	signal	NOUN
08612n52q47	11	64	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	12	1	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	12	2	second	second	ADJ
08612n52q47	12	3	section	section	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	4	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	12	5	this	this	DET
08612n52q47	12	6	dissertation	dissertation	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	7	focuses	focus	VERB
08612n52q47	12	8	on	on	ADP
08612n52q47	12	9	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	12	10	construction	construction	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	11	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	12	12	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	12	13	metabolite	metabolite	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	14	spectral	spectral	ADJ
08612n52q47	12	15	database	database	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	16	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	12	17	metabolomics	metabolomic	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	18	studies	study	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	19	using	use	VERB
08612n52q47	12	20	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	12	21	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	13	1	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	13	2	present	present	VERB
08612n52q47	13	3	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	13	4	spectra	spectra	VERB
08612n52q47	13	5	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	13	6	63	63	NUM
08612n52q47	13	7	metabolites	metabolite	NOUN
08612n52q47	13	8	from	from	ADP
08612n52q47	13	9	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	13	10	commercially	commercially	ADV
08612n52q47	13	11	available	available	ADJ
08612n52q47	13	12	set	set	NOUN
08612n52q47	13	13	of	of	ADP
08612n52q47	13	14	standards	standard	NOUN
08612n52q47	13	15	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	14	1	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	14	2	addition	addition	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	3	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	14	4	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	14	5	introduce	introduce	VERB
08612n52q47	14	6	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	14	7	targeted	target	VERB
08612n52q47	14	8	analysis	analysis	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	9	approach	approach	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	10	which	which	PRON
08612n52q47	14	11	could	could	AUX
08612n52q47	14	12	be	be	AUX
08612n52q47	14	13	employed	employ	VERB
08612n52q47	14	14	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	14	15	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	14	16	future	future	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	17	to	to	PART
08612n52q47	14	18	handle	handle	VERB
08612n52q47	14	19	large	large	ADJ
08612n52q47	14	20	data	data	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	21	sets	set	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	22	for	for	ADP
08612n52q47	14	23	sers	ser	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	24	studies	study	NOUN
08612n52q47	14	25	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	15	1	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	15	2	last	last	ADJ
08612n52q47	15	3	section	section	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	4	briefly	briefly	ADV
08612n52q47	15	5	discusses	discuss	VERB
08612n52q47	15	6	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	15	7	citizen	citizen	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	8	science	science	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	9	project	project	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	10	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	15	11	u	u	PROPN
08612n52q47	15	12	-	-	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	13	watch	watch	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	14	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	15	15	aimed	aim	VERB
08612n52q47	15	16	at	at	ADP
08612n52q47	15	17	engaging	engage	VERB
08612n52q47	15	18	middle	middle	ADJ
08612n52q47	15	19	school	school	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	20	students	student	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	21	with	with	ADP
08612n52q47	15	22	an	an	DET
08612n52q47	15	23	authentic	authentic	ADJ
08612n52q47	15	24	scientific	scientific	ADJ
08612n52q47	15	25	investigation	investigation	NOUN
08612n52q47	15	26	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	16	1	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	16	2	this	this	DET
08612n52q47	16	3	case	case	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	4	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	16	5	we	we	PRON
08612n52q47	16	6	were	be	AUX
08612n52q47	16	7	interested	interested	ADJ
08612n52q47	16	8	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	16	9	studying	study	VERB
08612n52q47	16	10	trace	trace	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	11	heavy	heavy	ADJ
08612n52q47	16	12	metal	metal	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	13	contamination	contamination	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	14	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	16	15	drinking	drink	VERB
08612n52q47	16	16	water	water	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	17	from	from	ADP
08612n52q47	16	18	many	many	ADJ
08612n52q47	16	19	geographical	geographical	ADJ
08612n52q47	16	20	regions	region	NOUN
08612n52q47	16	21	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	16	22	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	16	23	continental	continental	PROPN
08612n52q47	16	24	united	united	PROPN
08612n52q47	16	25	states	states	PROPN
08612n52q47	16	26	.	.	PUNCT
08612n52q47	17	1	in	in	ADP
08612n52q47	17	2	addition	addition	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	3	,	,	PUNCT
08612n52q47	17	4	u	u	PROPN
08612n52q47	17	5	-	-	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	6	watch	watch	PROPN
08612n52q47	17	7	was	be	AUX
08612n52q47	17	8	the	the	DET
08612n52q47	17	9	first	first	ADJ
08612n52q47	17	10	citizen	citizen	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	11	science	science	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	12	project	project	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	13	to	to	PART
08612n52q47	17	14	employ	employ	VERB
08612n52q47	17	15	a	a	DET
08612n52q47	17	16	teacher	teacher	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	17	residency	residency	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	18	program	program	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	19	to	to	PART
08612n52q47	17	20	develop	develop	VERB
08612n52q47	17	21	an	an	DET
08612n52q47	17	22	audience	audience	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	23	-	-	PUNCT
08612n52q47	17	24	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ
08612n52q47	17	25	curriculum	curriculum	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	26	package	package	NOUN
08612n52q47	17	27	.	.	PUNCT