The past two decades have witnessed the rapid development of droplet microfluidics technologies boosted by the invention and commercialization of single molecule analysis, single cell analysis, and material synthesis in droplets. However, those recently commercialized technologies are expensive for general usage at the point of need/use/care. To make advanced droplet microfluidics technologies more accessible, this systematic work is designed and developed. In Chapter 2, a new method is invented and validated for the convenient generation of uniform microdroplets. The effective method takes advantage of the common pipette liquid handling process and simply by replacing the commercial round-orifice pipette tips with elliptical-orifice tips, uniform droplets could be generated via pipetting aqueous liquid into the oil phase. Elliptical-orifice tips are prepared by mechanical pressing of the head part of the commercial round-orifice tips to deform the original round orifices into elliptical ones. The higher the deformation degree, the smaller and more uniform the generated droplets. The reason why elliptical orifices help uniform droplet generation is that the rebalance of Young-Laplace pressure of the pipette-tip-wall-constrained dispersed phase right out of the orifice favors the easy and quick pinch-off of droplets and the process is mainly governed by the surface tension between the dispersed phase and the continuous phase, which means the process is insensitive to moderate flow rate changes and manual pipetting is possible for uniform microdroplet generation. In Chapter 3, supporting technologies are developed for stabilizing, assembling, and imaging of microdroplets so that the microdroplets could be more useful at the point of need. To meet the thermal stability requirement of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in droplets, hybrid surfactant systems are developed to further stabilize droplets for high temperatures. Once the droplets are sufficiently stable for applications, robust handling and assembly of droplets are highly welcome. Herein, readily available tape-based chips with shallow centers are designed and easily fabricated to immobilize and assemble loaded droplets/oil into monolayers for subsequent handling and imaging. An advantage of the pipetting generated uniform droplets is that the diameters of the droplets are usually larger than 150 um which allows imaging of droplets by smartphone cameras. For fluorescence imaging of the droplets, a common transilluminator with proper filtering could be used together with the smartphone to reveal the positive droplets with amplified fluorescence. In addition, a thousand-dollar handheld miniature fluorescence microscope also works perfectly for point-of-need droplet imaging. In Chapter 4, on the basis of the highly accessible droplet generation/stabilization/assembly/imaging techniques, representative droplet microfluidics applications are conducted to confirm the successful usage of pipette droplets as microreactors, microcompartments, and micro-molds/templates at the point of need. The well-known droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is demonstrated with droplets as microreactors for accurate SRAS-CoV-2 detection and quantification at low viral concentrations. Counting-based quantification with smartphone images works well in the dynamic range of 4 – 100 copies (per 20 µL reaction mixture) and the calculated limit-of-detection is ~3.8 copies (per 20 µL reaction mixture) which is comparable to that of commercial ddPCR. Besides ddPCR, spirulina microorganisms/cells are encapsulated and cultured in the droplets (proliferation rate: 96.9% ± 1.8%) to show the potential of using pipetting generated droplets as microcompartments for single microorganism/cell analysis. What's more, Janus microgels are synthesized in droplets to prove the utilization of droplets as micro-molds/templates for controlled materials synthesis. The three representative examples indicate that pipetting uniform droplets and related techniques are perfect for droplet microfluidics applications at the point of need. In Chapter 5, further efforts are made to upgrade the pipette droplet microfluidics. Though simple manual pipetting works for uniform droplet generation, automated pipetting is more ergonomic-friendly and suitable for high throughput parallel droplet generation. An open-source stepper-motor-based device is assembled and programmed to automatically pipette liquids into uniform droplets via the elliptical-orifice pipette tips. In addition to the upgrade of droplet generation, droplets are used in duplex/multiplex modes to be more powerful. Duplex ddPCR is conducted for accurate DNA methylation analysis and multiplex ddPCR is validated for Zika/Dengue/Chikungunya multi-virus RNAs test. Moreover, dual-droplet systems of two types of droplet sizes are used for the investigation of controlled reactions in droplets. Therefore, comprehensive technologies are invented, engineered, optimized, and upgraded for conducting droplet microfluidics applications at the point of need/use/care.